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How to Become a Teacher in India
|
1. Teaching Primary or Secondary School
1-1. Determine which level you’d like to teach.
The nursery includes the kindergarten stage covering LKG (Lower Kindergarten) and UKG (Upper Kindergarten). Primary schools cover the 1st through 8th grades (ages 6-14). Secondary schools teach students in the 9th and 10th grades (ages 14-16), and senior secondary schools teach students in the 11th and 12th grades (ages 16-18).
You should opt for the age group that you find most appealing. However, keep in mind that the higher the age level, the more stringent the qualifications since you’ll be teaching more advanced and specialized courses.
1-2. Decide which subject you’d like to teach.
Early primary school teachers do not need to specialize. If you would prefer to instruct in a specific field, you’ll need a Bachelor’s Degree in a relevant subject.
Primary school subjects include reading, writing, arithmetic, social science, science, and English.
Secondary school subjects include Hindi, English, foreign languages, math, science and technology, history, geography, civics, art, physical education, and health. They also offer elective vocational training and music.
1-3. Get an appropriate teaching degree.
There are three levels of teaching degrees: a Diploma, Bachelor’s, and Master’s in Education. If you would like teach primary school, you will need a minimum of a Diploma (D.Ted.). If you would like to teach secondary school, you’ll need a minimum of a Bachelor’s (B.Ed.). A Master’s (M.Ed.) is usually only required for specialized subjects or promotions.
The D.Ted. and B.Ed. programs are generally two years. M.Ed. programs are usually one year.
Keep in mind that each degree program has different qualifications. To enter a D.Ted., you’ll need to have passed the 12th standard (graduated from senior secondary school) with the minimum qualification. You’re required to have a Bachelor’s of Arts or Sciences (B.A. or B.S.) to enroll in a B.Ed. course. Having a B.Ed. is a prerequisite for getting an M.Ed.
1-4. Decide between private and public education.
Becoming a teacher at a private school is generally easier because there are many openings and fewer necessary qualifications. Government-run schools are much more closely regulated and require specific eligibility testing and teacher education. However, public schools generally come with better pay and benefits and have more opportunities for career advancement.
The types of students are also generally different between public and private schools. Since students must pay to go to private schools, they generally come from more educated households with higher incomes and are therefore better prepared for scholastic achievement.
1-5. Pass a qualifying exam.
Teacher recruitment in India at the primary and secondary levels is tied to state and national eligibility testing. You must pass the Central Teacher Eligibility Test (CTET) to qualify to teach in a government-owned school and some private institutions.
The National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) offers preparatory curriculums for the exam and determines the minimum eligibility requirements for each year.
1-6. Look for teach abroad programs.
If you’re a foreign national, there are international organizations that facilitate temporary teaching assignments in Indian schools. Most often, this work is voluntary, minimally paid, or remunerated only in terms of covering travel and living expenses.
Many governmental organizations, like the British Council, have teach abroad programs. Go Overseas also has a searchable index of current teach abroad opportunities that is searchable by country and job category: https://www.gooverseas.com/teaching-jobs-abroad
2. Teaching Higher Education
2-1. Get the relevant degree(s).
India’s University Grants Commission sets regulations for higher education, including essential qualifications for university professors. Incoming assistant professors will need at least a Master’s Degree or equivalent in a relevant subject from an accredited Indian or foreign university. Your application will be stronger if you have a Doctoral Degree.
Keep in mind that you will not be able to advance through promotion from an assistant to an associate professor without getting a PhD.
2-2. Ensure you have a good academic record.
Besides having a degree, you will need to submit transcripts that prove your marks or grades are above average. Indian universities will judge your record according to the evaluation standards set by your degree-granting university.
2-3. Secure academic publications.
While assistant professor positions usually do not require a minimum number of publications, your application will be stronger if you have a record of original research in your field. Submit articles to peer-reviewed journals and book proposals to academic publishers in order to show that your work has been vetted by fellow scholars.
In order to secure promotions, you will need to hit a minimum number of qualifying academic publications (5 for associates, 10 for full professors), so you might as well start early!
2-4. Take the necessary test.
If you only have a Master’s Degree, you will need to pass a qualifying exam in order to teach at an Indian university. You can either take the University Grants Commission’s National Eligibility Test (NET) or one of the UGC’s approved equivalent exams, such as the SLET/SET (the State Eligibility Test for the appropriate region in which the university is located).
If you have a qualifying PhD, you are exempt from having to take an eligibility test.
2-5. Search for faculty positions.
You can look for job openings through specific university websites or search for comprehensive listings at dedicated academic job sites, like IndianFaculty.com. Each opening will include information about the associated duties, necessary requirements, and application process for the job. Be sure that a position aligns with your needs and qualifications before applying.
3. Teaching English as a Second Language
3-1. Research teach abroad programs.
India’s economy is growing, and the demand for English teachers is growing with it. There are ESL positions available to foreign nationals in nonprofits, primary schools, language schools, international schools, and companies. The advantage of finding a position through an established program is that they’ll help arrange visas, housing, travel, and other logistics for you.
Be sure to read reviews of programs so that you can make an informed decision about whether or not they’re right for you and so that you don’t have any unpleasant surprises. If no reviews are available online, ask the program for contact information for current or past participants.
If you’d like to stay in India, remember that you can always find another ESL gig while you’re completing your first temporary assignment through a program.
3-2. Take location into consideration.
India’s a big country. You may want to search for programs in a specific city or region based on its culture, geography, and/or climate. At the very least, you should decide whether you’d prefer a rural or urban teaching situation.
Nearly 70% of Indians still live in rural villages, where the need for education is greatest.
In general, rural communities have less developed infrastructures for transportation, communication, utilities, and sanitation. Therefore, the overall standards of living are lower.
Literacy rates tend to be lower and poverty rates higher in rural locales.
You should also look into the accommodations offered by each program. Check to see if room and board are included and what sorts of living conditions you can expect.
3-3. Decide on a timeline.
Each program will have a different duration, ranging from weeks to a year or more. Figuring out how long you’d like to commit to ESL teaching in India can help you select an appropriate program.
If you have a finite amount of time or are worried about whether or not you’ll like it, go for a short-term program. You can also sign on for another program once you’ve given it a trial run.
3-4. Pick a teaching level.
Would you like to teach kids or adults, students or professionals? Think about which age groups and experience levels that you would like to be instructing.
Remember, if you would like to teach at higher levels or in more professional contexts, it’s likely that you’ll need specific credentials first. Be sure to check if your program has any prerequisites in terms of education or certifications.
Also, look into the teaching resources and support offered by each program.
3-5. Decide if you’re looking for a volunteer or paid gig.
Most teach abroad programs in India are voluntary. If you’re looking for a short-term, enriching experience, then doing a volunteer teaching program might be right for you. If you’re looking for a longer term assignment that will provide you with a basic income, focus on paid opportunities.
Popular volunteer programs include Teaching Volunteer Project India, Global Citizen Year, Semester Abroad, WorldTeach India, and Asian College of Teachers.
If you’d like to find a paid position, you can find current listings at job sites like Craigslist India, Monster India, or Dave ESL Cafe.
Because English is an official language in India, most paid ESL positions do not come with large salaries. The average pay is 10,000-15,000 rupees per month plus accommodation. This is enough to live off of comfortably and go on occasional holidays.
3-6. Determine your eligibility.
At a minimum, most ESL teaching positions and programs require a Bachelor’s Degree in any subject from an accredited university and a valid passport. You may also need to get a teaching certification and/or a visa. Be sure that you can fulfill the basic qualifications before you apply.
ESL teaching certifications are generally short, post-baccalaureate programs. They are available in most countries and online and qualify you to teach English as a foreign language around the world.
3-7. Consider getting a TESOL certification.
Not all programs require you to take a qualifying Teaching-English-to-Speakers-of-Other-Languages course and exam. However, doing so will make you a more attractive applicant and qualify you for a wider range of teaching gigs.
Most countries have TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages), TESL (Teaching English as a Second Language), and/or TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) programs available. You can take courses online or in-person in as little as four weeks.
Many teach abroad programs in India offer TESOL/TEFL courses and certification as part of the program.
Go Overseas has a database of reviews for qualifying courses to teach abroad: https://www.gooverseas.com/tefl-courses
Companies and language schools often require or strongly prefer certified teachers.
Tips
Indian universities are growing rapidly and facing severe staffing shortages. If you hold an advanced degree, it’s a good time to become a professor there.
If you think you might be interested in teaching in India as a career, start by trying a short-term program to see if you like it before seeking a more permanent post.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:56",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Teaching Primary or Secondary School\\n1-1. Determine which level you’d like to teach.\\nThe nursery includes the kindergarten stage covering LKG (Lower Kindergarten) and UKG (Upper Kindergarten). Primary schools cover the 1st through 8th grades (ages 6-14). Secondary schools teach students in the 9th and 10th grades (ages 14-16), and senior secondary schools teach students in the 11th and 12th grades (ages 16-18).\\nYou should opt for the age group that you find most appealing. However, keep in mind that the higher the age level, the more stringent the qualifications since you’ll be teaching more advanced and specialized courses.\\n1-2. Decide which subject you’d like to teach.\\nEarly primary school teachers do not need to specialize. If you would prefer to instruct in a specific field, you’ll need a Bachelor’s Degree in a relevant subject.\\nPrimary school subjects include reading, writing, arithmetic, social science, science, and English.\\nSecondary school subjects include Hindi, English, foreign languages, math, science and technology, history, geography, civics, art, physical education, and health. They also offer elective vocational training and music.\\n1-3. Get an appropriate teaching degree.\\nThere are three levels of teaching degrees: a Diploma, Bachelor’s, and Master’s in Education. If you would like teach primary school, you will need a minimum of a Diploma (D.Ted.). If you would like to teach secondary school, you’ll need a minimum of a Bachelor’s (B.Ed.). A Master’s (M.Ed.) is usually only required for specialized subjects or promotions.\\nThe D.Ted. and B.Ed. programs are generally two years. M.Ed. programs are usually one year.\\nKeep in mind that each degree program has different qualifications. To enter a D.Ted., you’ll need to have passed the 12th standard (graduated from senior secondary school) with the minimum qualification. You’re required to have a Bachelor’s of Arts or Sciences (B.A. or B.S.) to enroll in a B.Ed. course. Having a B.Ed. is a prerequisite for getting an M.Ed.\\n1-4. Decide between private and public education.\\nBecoming a teacher at a private school is generally easier because there are many openings and fewer necessary qualifications. Government-run schools are much more closely regulated and require specific eligibility testing and teacher education. However, public schools generally come with better pay and benefits and have more opportunities for career advancement.\\nThe types of students are also generally different between public and private schools. Since students must pay to go to private schools, they generally come from more educated households with higher incomes and are therefore better prepared for scholastic achievement.\\n1-5. Pass a qualifying exam.\\nTeacher recruitment in India at the primary and secondary levels is tied to state and national eligibility testing. You must pass the Central Teacher Eligibility Test (CTET) to qualify to teach in a government-owned school and some private institutions.\\nThe National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) offers preparatory curriculums for the exam and determines the minimum eligibility requirements for each year.\\n1-6. Look for teach abroad programs.\\nIf you’re a foreign national, there are international organizations that facilitate temporary teaching assignments in Indian schools. Most often, this work is voluntary, minimally paid, or remunerated only in terms of covering travel and living expenses. \\nMany governmental organizations, like the British Council, have teach abroad programs. Go Overseas also has a searchable index of current teach abroad opportunities that is searchable by country and job category: https://www.gooverseas.com/teaching-jobs-abroad\\n2. Teaching Higher Education\\n2-1. Get the relevant degree(s).\\nIndia’s University Grants Commission sets regulations for higher education, including essential qualifications for university professors. Incoming assistant professors will need at least a Master’s Degree or equivalent in a relevant subject from an accredited Indian or foreign university. Your application will be stronger if you have a Doctoral Degree.\\nKeep in mind that you will not be able to advance through promotion from an assistant to an associate professor without getting a PhD.\\n2-2. Ensure you have a good academic record.\\nBesides having a degree, you will need to submit transcripts that prove your marks or grades are above average. Indian universities will judge your record according to the evaluation standards set by your degree-granting university.\\n2-3. Secure academic publications.\\nWhile assistant professor positions usually do not require a minimum number of publications, your application will be stronger if you have a record of original research in your field. Submit articles to peer-reviewed journals and book proposals to academic publishers in order to show that your work has been vetted by fellow scholars.\\nIn order to secure promotions, you will need to hit a minimum number of qualifying academic publications (5 for associates, 10 for full professors), so you might as well start early!\\n2-4. Take the necessary test.\\nIf you only have a Master’s Degree, you will need to pass a qualifying exam in order to teach at an Indian university. You can either take the University Grants Commission’s National Eligibility Test (NET) or one of the UGC’s approved equivalent exams, such as the SLET/SET (the State Eligibility Test for the appropriate region in which the university is located).\\nIf you have a qualifying PhD, you are exempt from having to take an eligibility test.\\n2-5. Search for faculty positions.\\nYou can look for job openings through specific university websites or search for comprehensive listings at dedicated academic job sites, like IndianFaculty.com. Each opening will include information about the associated duties, necessary requirements, and application process for the job. Be sure that a position aligns with your needs and qualifications before applying.\\n3. Teaching English as a Second Language\\n3-1. Research teach abroad programs.\\nIndia’s economy is growing, and the demand for English teachers is growing with it. There are ESL positions available to foreign nationals in nonprofits, primary schools, language schools, international schools, and companies. The advantage of finding a position through an established program is that they’ll help arrange visas, housing, travel, and other logistics for you.\\nBe sure to read reviews of programs so that you can make an informed decision about whether or not they’re right for you and so that you don’t have any unpleasant surprises. If no reviews are available online, ask the program for contact information for current or past participants.\\nIf you’d like to stay in India, remember that you can always find another ESL gig while you’re completing your first temporary assignment through a program.\\n3-2. Take location into consideration.\\nIndia’s a big country. You may want to search for programs in a specific city or region based on its culture, geography, and/or climate. At the very least, you should decide whether you’d prefer a rural or urban teaching situation.\\nNearly 70% of Indians still live in rural villages, where the need for education is greatest.\\nIn general, rural communities have less developed infrastructures for transportation, communication, utilities, and sanitation. Therefore, the overall standards of living are lower.\\nLiteracy rates tend to be lower and poverty rates higher in rural locales.\\nYou should also look into the accommodations offered by each program. Check to see if room and board are included and what sorts of living conditions you can expect.\\n3-3. Decide on a timeline.\\nEach program will have a different duration, ranging from weeks to a year or more. Figuring out how long you’d like to commit to ESL teaching in India can help you select an appropriate program.\\nIf you have a finite amount of time or are worried about whether or not you’ll like it, go for a short-term program. You can also sign on for another program once you’ve given it a trial run.\\n3-4. Pick a teaching level.\\nWould you like to teach kids or adults, students or professionals? Think about which age groups and experience levels that you would like to be instructing.\\nRemember, if you would like to teach at higher levels or in more professional contexts, it’s likely that you’ll need specific credentials first. Be sure to check if your program has any prerequisites in terms of education or certifications.\\nAlso, look into the teaching resources and support offered by each program.\\n3-5. Decide if you’re looking for a volunteer or paid gig.\\nMost teach abroad programs in India are voluntary. If you’re looking for a short-term, enriching experience, then doing a volunteer teaching program might be right for you. If you’re looking for a longer term assignment that will provide you with a basic income, focus on paid opportunities.\\nPopular volunteer programs include Teaching Volunteer Project India, Global Citizen Year, Semester Abroad, WorldTeach India, and Asian College of Teachers.\\nIf you’d like to find a paid position, you can find current listings at job sites like Craigslist India, Monster India, or Dave ESL Cafe.\\nBecause English is an official language in India, most paid ESL positions do not come with large salaries. The average pay is 10,000-15,000 rupees per month plus accommodation. This is enough to live off of comfortably and go on occasional holidays.\\n3-6. Determine your eligibility.\\nAt a minimum, most ESL teaching positions and programs require a Bachelor’s Degree in any subject from an accredited university and a valid passport. You may also need to get a teaching certification and/or a visa. Be sure that you can fulfill the basic qualifications before you apply.\\nESL teaching certifications are generally short, post-baccalaureate programs. They are available in most countries and online and qualify you to teach English as a foreign language around the world.\\n3-7. Consider getting a TESOL certification.\\nNot all programs require you to take a qualifying Teaching-English-to-Speakers-of-Other-Languages course and exam. However, doing so will make you a more attractive applicant and qualify you for a wider range of teaching gigs.\\nMost countries have TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages), TESL (Teaching English as a Second Language), and/or TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) programs available. You can take courses online or in-person in as little as four weeks.\\nMany teach abroad programs in India offer TESOL/TEFL courses and certification as part of the program.\\nGo Overseas has a database of reviews for qualifying courses to teach abroad: https://www.gooverseas.com/tefl-courses\\nCompanies and language schools often require or strongly prefer certified teachers.\\nTips\\nIndian universities are growing rapidly and facing severe staffing shortages. If you hold an advanced degree, it’s a good time to become a professor there.\\nIf you think you might be interested in teaching in India as a career, start by trying a short-term program to see if you like it before seeking a more permanent post.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Teaching is a great career or volunteering option, especially in a country like India where education is the basic necessity for growth and modernization. The demand is high for qualified instructors at all levels. If you have an interest in teaching and are willing to dedicate yourself to others, this track might be a great fit for you. Find out how to search and apply for teaching positions in India as well as the educational qualifications, exams, and/or certifications necessary for becoming a primary, secondary, post-secondary, or ESL educator.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Teaching Primary or Secondary School\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine which level you’d like to teach.\", \"描述\": \"The nursery includes the kindergarten stage covering LKG (Lower Kindergarten) and UKG (Upper Kindergarten). Primary schools cover the 1st through 8th grades (ages 6-14). Secondary schools teach students in the 9th and 10th grades (ages 14-16), and senior secondary schools teach students in the 11th and 12th grades (ages 16-18).\\nYou should opt for the age group that you find most appealing. However, keep in mind that the higher the age level, the more stringent the qualifications since you’ll be teaching more advanced and specialized courses.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Decide which subject you’d like to teach.\", \"描述\": \"Early primary school teachers do not need to specialize. If you would prefer to instruct in a specific field, you’ll need a Bachelor’s Degree in a relevant subject.\\nPrimary school subjects include reading, writing, arithmetic, social science, science, and English.\\nSecondary school subjects include Hindi, English, foreign languages, math, science and technology, history, geography, civics, art, physical education, and health. They also offer elective vocational training and music.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get an appropriate teaching degree.\", \"描述\": \"There are three levels of teaching degrees: a Diploma, Bachelor’s, and Master’s in Education. If you would like teach primary school, you will need a minimum of a Diploma (D.Ted.). If you would like to teach secondary school, you’ll need a minimum of a Bachelor’s (B.Ed.). A Master’s (M.Ed.) is usually only required for specialized subjects or promotions.\\nThe D.Ted. and B.Ed. programs are generally two years. M.Ed. programs are usually one year.\\nKeep in mind that each degree program has different qualifications. To enter a D.Ted., you’ll need to have passed the 12th standard (graduated from senior secondary school) with the minimum qualification. You’re required to have a Bachelor’s of Arts or Sciences (B.A. or B.S.) to enroll in a B.Ed. course. Having a B.Ed. is a prerequisite for getting an M.Ed.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Decide between private and public education.\", \"描述\": \"Becoming a teacher at a private school is generally easier because there are many openings and fewer necessary qualifications. Government-run schools are much more closely regulated and require specific eligibility testing and teacher education. However, public schools generally come with better pay and benefits and have more opportunities for career advancement.\\nThe types of students are also generally different between public and private schools. Since students must pay to go to private schools, they generally come from more educated households with higher incomes and are therefore better prepared for scholastic achievement.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Pass a qualifying exam.\", \"描述\": \"Teacher recruitment in India at the primary and secondary levels is tied to state and national eligibility testing. You must pass the Central Teacher Eligibility Test (CTET) to qualify to teach in a government-owned school and some private institutions.\\nThe National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) offers preparatory curriculums for the exam and determines the minimum eligibility requirements for each year.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Look for teach abroad programs.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re a foreign national, there are international organizations that facilitate temporary teaching assignments in Indian schools. Most often, this work is voluntary, minimally paid, or remunerated only in terms of covering travel and living expenses. \\nMany governmental organizations, like the British Council, have teach abroad programs. Go Overseas also has a searchable index of current teach abroad opportunities that is searchable by country and job category: https://www.gooverseas.com/teaching-jobs-abroad\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Teaching Higher Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get the relevant degree(s).\", \"描述\": \"India’s University Grants Commission sets regulations for higher education, including essential qualifications for university professors. Incoming assistant professors will need at least a Master’s Degree or equivalent in a relevant subject from an accredited Indian or foreign university. Your application will be stronger if you have a Doctoral Degree.\\nKeep in mind that you will not be able to advance through promotion from an assistant to an associate professor without getting a PhD.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ensure you have a good academic record.\", \"描述\": \"Besides having a degree, you will need to submit transcripts that prove your marks or grades are above average. Indian universities will judge your record according to the evaluation standards set by your degree-granting university.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Secure academic publications.\", \"描述\": \"While assistant professor positions usually do not require a minimum number of publications, your application will be stronger if you have a record of original research in your field. Submit articles to peer-reviewed journals and book proposals to academic publishers in order to show that your work has been vetted by fellow scholars.\\nIn order to secure promotions, you will need to hit a minimum number of qualifying academic publications (5 for associates, 10 for full professors), so you might as well start early!\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take the necessary test.\", \"描述\": \"If you only have a Master’s Degree, you will need to pass a qualifying exam in order to teach at an Indian university. You can either take the University Grants Commission’s National Eligibility Test (NET) or one of the UGC’s approved equivalent exams, such as the SLET/SET (the State Eligibility Test for the appropriate region in which the university is located).\\nIf you have a qualifying PhD, you are exempt from having to take an eligibility test.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Search for faculty positions.\", \"描述\": \"You can look for job openings through specific university websites or search for comprehensive listings at dedicated academic job sites, like IndianFaculty.com. Each opening will include information about the associated duties, necessary requirements, and application process for the job. Be sure that a position aligns with your needs and qualifications before applying.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Teaching English as a Second Language\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Research teach abroad programs.\", \"描述\": \"India’s economy is growing, and the demand for English teachers is growing with it. There are ESL positions available to foreign nationals in nonprofits, primary schools, language schools, international schools, and companies. The advantage of finding a position through an established program is that they’ll help arrange visas, housing, travel, and other logistics for you.\\nBe sure to read reviews of programs so that you can make an informed decision about whether or not they’re right for you and so that you don’t have any unpleasant surprises. If no reviews are available online, ask the program for contact information for current or past participants.\\nIf you’d like to stay in India, remember that you can always find another ESL gig while you’re completing your first temporary assignment through a program.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take location into consideration.\", \"描述\": \"India’s a big country. You may want to search for programs in a specific city or region based on its culture, geography, and/or climate. At the very least, you should decide whether you’d prefer a rural or urban teaching situation.\\nNearly 70% of Indians still live in rural villages, where the need for education is greatest.\\nIn general, rural communities have less developed infrastructures for transportation, communication, utilities, and sanitation. Therefore, the overall standards of living are lower.\\nLiteracy rates tend to be lower and poverty rates higher in rural locales.\\nYou should also look into the accommodations offered by each program. Check to see if room and board are included and what sorts of living conditions you can expect.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Decide on a timeline.\", \"描述\": \"Each program will have a different duration, ranging from weeks to a year or more. Figuring out how long you’d like to commit to ESL teaching in India can help you select an appropriate program.\\nIf you have a finite amount of time or are worried about whether or not you’ll like it, go for a short-term program. You can also sign on for another program once you’ve given it a trial run.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pick a teaching level.\", \"描述\": \"Would you like to teach kids or adults, students or professionals? Think about which age groups and experience levels that you would like to be instructing.\\nRemember, if you would like to teach at higher levels or in more professional contexts, it’s likely that you’ll need specific credentials first. Be sure to check if your program has any prerequisites in terms of education or certifications.\\nAlso, look into the teaching resources and support offered by each program.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Decide if you’re looking for a volunteer or paid gig.\", \"描述\": \"Most teach abroad programs in India are voluntary. If you’re looking for a short-term, enriching experience, then doing a volunteer teaching program might be right for you. If you’re looking for a longer term assignment that will provide you with a basic income, focus on paid opportunities.\\nPopular volunteer programs include Teaching Volunteer Project India, Global Citizen Year, Semester Abroad, WorldTeach India, and Asian College of Teachers.\\nIf you’d like to find a paid position, you can find current listings at job sites like Craigslist India, Monster India, or Dave ESL Cafe.\\nBecause English is an official language in India, most paid ESL positions do not come with large salaries. The average pay is 10,000-15,000 rupees per month plus accommodation. This is enough to live off of comfortably and go on occasional holidays.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Determine your eligibility.\", \"描述\": \"At a minimum, most ESL teaching positions and programs require a Bachelor’s Degree in any subject from an accredited university and a valid passport. You may also need to get a teaching certification and/or a visa. Be sure that you can fulfill the basic qualifications before you apply.\\nESL teaching certifications are generally short, post-baccalaureate programs. They are available in most countries and online and qualify you to teach English as a foreign language around the world.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Consider getting a TESOL certification.\", \"描述\": \"Not all programs require you to take a qualifying Teaching-English-to-Speakers-of-Other-Languages course and exam. However, doing so will make you a more attractive applicant and qualify you for a wider range of teaching gigs.\\nMost countries have TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages), TESL (Teaching English as a Second Language), and/or TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) programs available. You can take courses online or in-person in as little as four weeks.\\nMany teach abroad programs in India offer TESOL/TEFL courses and certification as part of the program.\\nGo Overseas has a database of reviews for qualifying courses to teach abroad: https://www.gooverseas.com/tefl-courses\\nCompanies and language schools often require or strongly prefer certified teachers.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Indian universities are growing rapidly and facing severe staffing shortages. If you hold an advanced degree, it’s a good time to become a professor there.\\n\", \"If you think you might be interested in teaching in India as a career, start by trying a short-term program to see if you like it before seeking a more permanent post.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,818 |
How to Become a Teacher in the UK
|
1. Earning Qualified Teacher Status (QTS) or Teaching Qualification (TQ)
1-1. Apply for a Bachelors of Education if seeking a primary school job.
A BEd is a 3-year degree that mainly applies for aspiring primary school teachers. Primary education includes Key Stages 1 and 2, as defined by the UK government (grades 1-2 and 3-6, respectively)..
If you want to become a nursery teacher, you may be able to get a job without having a bachelor's degree, but you'll still need to be certified to work with young children.
1-2. Apply for a Bachelors in your preferred subject field for a secondary education job.
If secondary education (Key Stages 3 and 4, or grades 7-9 and 10-11) is your focus, you’ll want to earn a degree that is appropriate for the subject matter you want to teach before moving on to graduate-level work.
For example, if you want to teach secondary school science, a biology major would be a wise choice.
1-3. Earn a Post Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE).
This certification will allow you to teach at all levels in the subject you earned your Bachelors in. It typically takes one year to earn a PGCE.
In Scotland, their equivalent of a PGCE is a PGDE (Post Graduate Diploma in Education).
1-4. Pass all QTS (TQ in Scotland) exams.
You must attain a C-grade or higher in the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exams in math and English. The GCSE exams are administered online in a testing center and also include an oral “mental maths” exam.
Primary school teacher candidates must also take a GCSE exam in Science and earn a C-grade or higher.
If you plan to teach in Wales, they require a B-grade or higher on these exams.
1-5. Sign up for the Initial Teacher Training (ITT) program.
The ITT program typically consists of three separate placements at three different schools of about 6-8 weeks each. While you’re at a placement you’ll be asked to do all normal activities that a regular teacher does. The only difference is that a mentor, someone with years of teaching experience under their belt, will be there to help you along.
The Scottish equivalent of ITT is ITE, or Initial Teacher Education.
1-6. Register with the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS) if planning to teach in Scotland.
The GCTS operates independent of the UK government in establishing and reviewing education standards and training standards for teachers. All teachers in Scotland are legally required to register with the GCTS.
The Northern Ireland equivalent is the General Teaching Council for Northern Ireland. Being a member is mandatory if teaching in Northern Ireland.
2. Becoming a Fully-Qualified Teacher
2-1. Prepare the necessary documents for a background check.
Training providers will want to know your medical and criminal history. If you have a conviction on your record, employers may not want to hire you. Medical examiners will determine if you are fit to teach, subject to the rules outlined by the Equality Act.
Aspiring teachers in Scotland must enlist themselves in the Protecting Vulnerable Groups (PVG) Scheme. The PVG Scheme helps identify individuals who are forbidden from working with young children.
2-2. Pass a professional skills test for numeracy and literacy (England only).
The skills test must be taken regardless of which subject you plan to teach. The computerized exam measures your ability to process data and information that you’ll encounter on the job.
2-3. Take a Subject Knowledge Enhancement (SKE) course, if necessary.
Some training providers will require you to take an SKE if the subject of your degree is not similar enough to subject matter you’ll be teaching. An SKE provides subject-specific teacher training.
2-4. Get through your one-year induction period as a Newly-Qualified Teacher (NQT).
Once placed in an appropriate venue, NQTs are monitored strictly with classroom observations and regular progress reviews. A school-appointed induction tutor will be there to help you along.
The induction period can be extended if the school headmaster deems it necessary.
Failure to pass induction is not the end of the world. There are many private learning institutions in the UK that do not require statutory induction.
3. Developing Skills to Become a Successful Teacher
3-1. Lend a sympathetic ear to your pupils in order to relate to them.
Remember that you were once a student yourself. Try to be understanding of their issues, whether they're personal or work-related, and be patient when problems arise.
3-2. Remain enthusiastic and confident at all times.
Everyone has their good and bad days, but a teacher must remain engaged with their students even when fatigued or under the weather. Consistency is key in forming good teacher-student relationships.
3-3. Develop organizational skills.
Keep legible records of your student's grades on homework and tests to help yourself out before report card time. Formulate a lesson schedule and test schedule, whether it's on a weekly or monthly basis, and try to stick to it as much as possible.
On a personal level, try to keep your work-space as neat as possible. Clip papers together or place them in folders. Keep materials like pens and markers in one spot and place them back where they go when you're done using them so they don't get lost.
3-4. Learn how to teach subject matter in different ways.
Falling into a routine will become boring to your students as well as yourself. Students learn in different ways, from memorizing by rote to working in groups, so make sure your lesson plans are dynamic.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:56",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Earning Qualified Teacher Status (QTS) or Teaching Qualification (TQ)\\n1-1. Apply for a Bachelors of Education if seeking a primary school job.\\nA BEd is a 3-year degree that mainly applies for aspiring primary school teachers. Primary education includes Key Stages 1 and 2, as defined by the UK government (grades 1-2 and 3-6, respectively)..\\nIf you want to become a nursery teacher, you may be able to get a job without having a bachelor's degree, but you'll still need to be certified to work with young children.\\n1-2. Apply for a Bachelors in your preferred subject field for a secondary education job.\\nIf secondary education (Key Stages 3 and 4, or grades 7-9 and 10-11) is your focus, you’ll want to earn a degree that is appropriate for the subject matter you want to teach before moving on to graduate-level work.\\nFor example, if you want to teach secondary school science, a biology major would be a wise choice.\\n1-3. Earn a Post Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE).\\nThis certification will allow you to teach at all levels in the subject you earned your Bachelors in. It typically takes one year to earn a PGCE.\\nIn Scotland, their equivalent of a PGCE is a PGDE (Post Graduate Diploma in Education).\\n1-4. Pass all QTS (TQ in Scotland) exams.\\nYou must attain a C-grade or higher in the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exams in math and English. The GCSE exams are administered online in a testing center and also include an oral “mental maths” exam.\\nPrimary school teacher candidates must also take a GCSE exam in Science and earn a C-grade or higher.\\nIf you plan to teach in Wales, they require a B-grade or higher on these exams.\\n1-5. Sign up for the Initial Teacher Training (ITT) program.\\nThe ITT program typically consists of three separate placements at three different schools of about 6-8 weeks each. While you’re at a placement you’ll be asked to do all normal activities that a regular teacher does. The only difference is that a mentor, someone with years of teaching experience under their belt, will be there to help you along.\\nThe Scottish equivalent of ITT is ITE, or Initial Teacher Education.\\n1-6. Register with the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS) if planning to teach in Scotland.\\nThe GCTS operates independent of the UK government in establishing and reviewing education standards and training standards for teachers. All teachers in Scotland are legally required to register with the GCTS.\\nThe Northern Ireland equivalent is the General Teaching Council for Northern Ireland. Being a member is mandatory if teaching in Northern Ireland.\\n2. Becoming a Fully-Qualified Teacher\\n2-1. Prepare the necessary documents for a background check.\\nTraining providers will want to know your medical and criminal history. If you have a conviction on your record, employers may not want to hire you. Medical examiners will determine if you are fit to teach, subject to the rules outlined by the Equality Act.\\nAspiring teachers in Scotland must enlist themselves in the Protecting Vulnerable Groups (PVG) Scheme. The PVG Scheme helps identify individuals who are forbidden from working with young children.\\n2-2. Pass a professional skills test for numeracy and literacy (England only).\\nThe skills test must be taken regardless of which subject you plan to teach. The computerized exam measures your ability to process data and information that you’ll encounter on the job.\\n2-3. Take a Subject Knowledge Enhancement (SKE) course, if necessary.\\nSome training providers will require you to take an SKE if the subject of your degree is not similar enough to subject matter you’ll be teaching. An SKE provides subject-specific teacher training.\\n2-4. Get through your one-year induction period as a Newly-Qualified Teacher (NQT).\\nOnce placed in an appropriate venue, NQTs are monitored strictly with classroom observations and regular progress reviews. A school-appointed induction tutor will be there to help you along.\\nThe induction period can be extended if the school headmaster deems it necessary.\\nFailure to pass induction is not the end of the world. There are many private learning institutions in the UK that do not require statutory induction.\\n3. Developing Skills to Become a Successful Teacher\\n3-1. Lend a sympathetic ear to your pupils in order to relate to them.\\nRemember that you were once a student yourself. Try to be understanding of their issues, whether they're personal or work-related, and be patient when problems arise.\\n3-2. Remain enthusiastic and confident at all times.\\nEveryone has their good and bad days, but a teacher must remain engaged with their students even when fatigued or under the weather. Consistency is key in forming good teacher-student relationships.\\n3-3. Develop organizational skills.\\nKeep legible records of your student's grades on homework and tests to help yourself out before report card time. Formulate a lesson schedule and test schedule, whether it's on a weekly or monthly basis, and try to stick to it as much as possible.\\nOn a personal level, try to keep your work-space as neat as possible. Clip papers together or place them in folders. Keep materials like pens and markers in one spot and place them back where they go when you're done using them so they don't get lost.\\n3-4. Learn how to teach subject matter in different ways.\\nFalling into a routine will become boring to your students as well as yourself. Students learn in different ways, from memorizing by rote to working in groups, so make sure your lesson plans are dynamic.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Teaching can be rewarding, but there are many years of preparation that go into entering this profession. You’ll have to do post-graduate work and get on-the-job experience before you can become a fully-qualified instructor. You'll also need to pass additional exams with C-grades or higher in many cases. Becoming a teacher takes dedication and perseverance, but it can be done.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Earning Qualified Teacher Status (QTS) or Teaching Qualification (TQ)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Apply for a Bachelors of Education if seeking a primary school job.\", \"描述\": \"A BEd is a 3-year degree that mainly applies for aspiring primary school teachers. Primary education includes Key Stages 1 and 2, as defined by the UK government (grades 1-2 and 3-6, respectively)..\\nIf you want to become a nursery teacher, you may be able to get a job without having a bachelor's degree, but you'll still need to be certified to work with young children.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply for a Bachelors in your preferred subject field for a secondary education job.\", \"描述\": \"If secondary education (Key Stages 3 and 4, or grades 7-9 and 10-11) is your focus, you’ll want to earn a degree that is appropriate for the subject matter you want to teach before moving on to graduate-level work.\\nFor example, if you want to teach secondary school science, a biology major would be a wise choice.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Earn a Post Graduate Certificate in Education (PGCE).\", \"描述\": \"This certification will allow you to teach at all levels in the subject you earned your Bachelors in. It typically takes one year to earn a PGCE.\\nIn Scotland, their equivalent of a PGCE is a PGDE (Post Graduate Diploma in Education).\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pass all QTS (TQ in Scotland) exams.\", \"描述\": \"You must attain a C-grade or higher in the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) exams in math and English. The GCSE exams are administered online in a testing center and also include an oral “mental maths” exam.\\nPrimary school teacher candidates must also take a GCSE exam in Science and earn a C-grade or higher.\\nIf you plan to teach in Wales, they require a B-grade or higher on these exams.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Sign up for the Initial Teacher Training (ITT) program.\", \"描述\": \"The ITT program typically consists of three separate placements at three different schools of about 6-8 weeks each. While you’re at a placement you’ll be asked to do all normal activities that a regular teacher does. The only difference is that a mentor, someone with years of teaching experience under their belt, will be there to help you along.\\nThe Scottish equivalent of ITT is ITE, or Initial Teacher Education.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Register with the General Teaching Council for Scotland (GTCS) if planning to teach in Scotland.\", \"描述\": \"The GCTS operates independent of the UK government in establishing and reviewing education standards and training standards for teachers. All teachers in Scotland are legally required to register with the GCTS.\\nThe Northern Ireland equivalent is the General Teaching Council for Northern Ireland. Being a member is mandatory if teaching in Northern Ireland.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Fully-Qualified Teacher\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepare the necessary documents for a background check.\", \"描述\": \"Training providers will want to know your medical and criminal history. If you have a conviction on your record, employers may not want to hire you. Medical examiners will determine if you are fit to teach, subject to the rules outlined by the Equality Act.\\nAspiring teachers in Scotland must enlist themselves in the Protecting Vulnerable Groups (PVG) Scheme. The PVG Scheme helps identify individuals who are forbidden from working with young children.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pass a professional skills test for numeracy and literacy (England only).\", \"描述\": \"The skills test must be taken regardless of which subject you plan to teach. The computerized exam measures your ability to process data and information that you’ll encounter on the job.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take a Subject Knowledge Enhancement (SKE) course, if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"Some training providers will require you to take an SKE if the subject of your degree is not similar enough to subject matter you’ll be teaching. An SKE provides subject-specific teacher training.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get through your one-year induction period as a Newly-Qualified Teacher (NQT).\", \"描述\": \"Once placed in an appropriate venue, NQTs are monitored strictly with classroom observations and regular progress reviews. A school-appointed induction tutor will be there to help you along.\\nThe induction period can be extended if the school headmaster deems it necessary.\\nFailure to pass induction is not the end of the world. There are many private learning institutions in the UK that do not require statutory induction.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Developing Skills to Become a Successful Teacher\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Lend a sympathetic ear to your pupils in order to relate to them.\", \"描述\": \"Remember that you were once a student yourself. Try to be understanding of their issues, whether they're personal or work-related, and be patient when problems arise.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Remain enthusiastic and confident at all times.\", \"描述\": \"Everyone has their good and bad days, but a teacher must remain engaged with their students even when fatigued or under the weather. Consistency is key in forming good teacher-student relationships.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Develop organizational skills.\", \"描述\": \"Keep legible records of your student's grades on homework and tests to help yourself out before report card time. Formulate a lesson schedule and test schedule, whether it's on a weekly or monthly basis, and try to stick to it as much as possible.\\nOn a personal level, try to keep your work-space as neat as possible. Clip papers together or place them in folders. Keep materials like pens and markers in one spot and place them back where they go when you're done using them so they don't get lost.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn how to teach subject matter in different ways.\", \"描述\": \"Falling into a routine will become boring to your students as well as yourself. Students learn in different ways, from memorizing by rote to working in groups, so make sure your lesson plans are dynamic.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,819 |
How to Become a Teaching Assistant
|
1. Getting the Proper Education and Experience
1-1. Get your high school diploma or equivalent degree.
Most schools require teaching assistants to have an associate or higher degree, but some private schools may have less stringent requirements. At very least, you’ll need to have the basic mathematics and literacy skills that you’d get with a high school degree for most entry-level teaching assistant positions.
If you don’t have a high school diploma, you can get your GED.
1-2. Obtain a college degree in education to improve your chances.
Most schools require that you have at least a 2-year degree or be currently enrolled in a higher education program. Compare associate's or bachelor's education or childhood development programs and apply to schools that you want to attend. Once you're accepted, concentrate on education or teaching-related coursework and classes to improve your chances of getting a job as a TA.
Other majors that are good for a TA include Child Studies, Early Childhood Development, and Elementary Education.
You may want to apply for financial aid if you can’t afford to pay for classes on your own.
1-3. Enroll in higher education to apply for a college-level TA position.
Colleges and graduate schools have more intense requirements for those that want to be a college-level TA. In most schools, TAs must be a senior in an undergraduate program or must be currently enrolled in a graduate program. Look at your college’s website to determine the exact requirements for the university or college that you’re currently attending.
Some schools require that you got a good grade in the class that you want to TA for.
1-4. Get the certifications required in your state.
Many states have an exam that you need to pass to get your certification as a TA. Look online at your state or country’s official education website to get more details about what may be required to become a TA where you live. If a certificate is necessary, register for the exam through the official website and submit the appropriate documents, such as your student transcripts.
Some teaching assistant positions may also require additional certificates in childcare or first aid.
Certification and exams typically come with a fee. For example, in New York, the exam to become a TA costs $71.
1-5. Volunteer or intern at a school to improve your chances.
If you don’t have any professional experience, it may help to volunteer at a school or in a classroom setting to get the experience you need. Some schools also offer TA internship opportunities that you can take advantage of for some experience. Volunteering or interning will this prepare you for the kind of work you’d do as a TA, it will also look great on your resume and will improve your chances of getting hired for the job.
If you’ve taught in a classroom before, you should have the skills to TA.
Some TA internships come with a stipend that will help you pay for transportation, food, and other costs.
2. Searching for the Job
2-1. Search for TA jobs online.
Use common search terms like "teaching assistant" or "TA" on popular job boards and find vacancies that match your experience and level of education. Read the jobs’ requirements and make sure that you have all the required education and certificates required for the positions that you apply to.
Popular teaching-specific job boards include https://www.edjoin.org/, https://www.higheredjobs.com/, and https://www.teachers-teachers.com/.
2-2. Look at your school’s website if you’re attending college.
If you’re currently in a higher education program you can usually find TA opportunities on your college’s website. Some schools require students to be an upperclassman or to have completed the course that they are applying to. Check out the opportunities on the site and consider the positions posted.
If you know the professor that instructs the class you're applying to, it may increase your chances of getting the position.
In some schools, the prior teaching assistant will interview you and determine whether you're good for the job.
2-3. Ask your professor for TA opportunities instead of looking online.
Sometimes professors in higher education have open TA positions that they need to fill. If you are close with the professor and have gotten a good grade in the course, ask them if they need a TA for next semester. Since the professor already knows you, there’s a greater chance of landing the job.
The professor may still require you to apply to the job through the website.
If you performed poorly in the class or missed a lot of classes, the professor may be reluctant to offer you a TA position.
3. Applying and Interviewing for the Position
3-1. Write a compelling cover letter
A strong cover letter will improve your chances of getting a job as a TA. Read the job description so you know exactly what they are looking for. Talk about any experience you have in the classroom and emphasize your desire to help educate and help students. Write your cover letter so it’s succinct and concise.
Since it’s important that you have strong literacy skills, double check the letter for spelling and grammar so you don’t give off a bad first impression.
If you don’t have any professional experience with children, include times that you’ve chaperoned, volunteered, or help raise your own children or younger siblings.
3-2. Apply for the job online.
Fill out the application fully, making sure to answer all of the questions. Submit any required documents that are in the job listing, which could include your resume, student transcripts, letters of recommendation, and TA certificates. Filling out the full application and sending in the required documents will demonstrate your organizational skills.
Once you submit your application it could take anywhere from a couple days to a couple of months for the school to reach out to you.
To improve your chances of landing a job, apply to more than 1 TA job at a time.
3-3. Talk about your interest in education on the interview.
When you get called in for the interview, make sure to re-read the job description to help prepare you for it. Practice answering common interview questions such as “Why do you want to be a TA?” and “What would you do when challenged with a difficult student?” Dress in formal attire and get to the interview at least 10 minutes early to show your punctuality and dedication to the job.
Interviews for TA positions are usually in a group setting with 3 or more people asking you questions.
During the interview you should emphasize your organization because you'll likely have to keep track of homework, exams, and other classwork.
You should also highlight your patience, communication, and listening skills, especially if you're going to be a TA for grade school children.
3-4. Complete TA training.
Most higher-education TA jobs will require you to complete a training session that will teach you how to interact with students, what to do on a day-to-day basis, and how to resolve conflicts or problems you might face in your job. Make sure to pay attention and attend every training so that you can be fully prepared when you start your job.
During TA training, you’ll also get to meet other TAs.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:56",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting the Proper Education and Experience\\n1-1. Get your high school diploma or equivalent degree.\\nMost schools require teaching assistants to have an associate or higher degree, but some private schools may have less stringent requirements. At very least, you’ll need to have the basic mathematics and literacy skills that you’d get with a high school degree for most entry-level teaching assistant positions.\\nIf you don’t have a high school diploma, you can get your GED.\\n1-2. Obtain a college degree in education to improve your chances.\\nMost schools require that you have at least a 2-year degree or be currently enrolled in a higher education program. Compare associate's or bachelor's education or childhood development programs and apply to schools that you want to attend. Once you're accepted, concentrate on education or teaching-related coursework and classes to improve your chances of getting a job as a TA.\\nOther majors that are good for a TA include Child Studies, Early Childhood Development, and Elementary Education.\\nYou may want to apply for financial aid if you can’t afford to pay for classes on your own.\\n1-3. Enroll in higher education to apply for a college-level TA position.\\nColleges and graduate schools have more intense requirements for those that want to be a college-level TA. In most schools, TAs must be a senior in an undergraduate program or must be currently enrolled in a graduate program. Look at your college’s website to determine the exact requirements for the university or college that you’re currently attending.\\nSome schools require that you got a good grade in the class that you want to TA for.\\n1-4. Get the certifications required in your state.\\nMany states have an exam that you need to pass to get your certification as a TA. Look online at your state or country’s official education website to get more details about what may be required to become a TA where you live. If a certificate is necessary, register for the exam through the official website and submit the appropriate documents, such as your student transcripts.\\nSome teaching assistant positions may also require additional certificates in childcare or first aid.\\nCertification and exams typically come with a fee. For example, in New York, the exam to become a TA costs $71.\\n1-5. Volunteer or intern at a school to improve your chances.\\nIf you don’t have any professional experience, it may help to volunteer at a school or in a classroom setting to get the experience you need. Some schools also offer TA internship opportunities that you can take advantage of for some experience. Volunteering or interning will this prepare you for the kind of work you’d do as a TA, it will also look great on your resume and will improve your chances of getting hired for the job.\\nIf you’ve taught in a classroom before, you should have the skills to TA.\\nSome TA internships come with a stipend that will help you pay for transportation, food, and other costs.\\n2. Searching for the Job\\n2-1. Search for TA jobs online.\\nUse common search terms like \\\"teaching assistant\\\" or \\\"TA\\\" on popular job boards and find vacancies that match your experience and level of education. Read the jobs’ requirements and make sure that you have all the required education and certificates required for the positions that you apply to. \\nPopular teaching-specific job boards include https://www.edjoin.org/, https://www.higheredjobs.com/, and https://www.teachers-teachers.com/.\\n2-2. Look at your school’s website if you’re attending college.\\nIf you’re currently in a higher education program you can usually find TA opportunities on your college’s website. Some schools require students to be an upperclassman or to have completed the course that they are applying to. Check out the opportunities on the site and consider the positions posted.\\nIf you know the professor that instructs the class you're applying to, it may increase your chances of getting the position.\\nIn some schools, the prior teaching assistant will interview you and determine whether you're good for the job.\\n2-3. Ask your professor for TA opportunities instead of looking online.\\nSometimes professors in higher education have open TA positions that they need to fill. If you are close with the professor and have gotten a good grade in the course, ask them if they need a TA for next semester. Since the professor already knows you, there’s a greater chance of landing the job.\\nThe professor may still require you to apply to the job through the website.\\nIf you performed poorly in the class or missed a lot of classes, the professor may be reluctant to offer you a TA position.\\n3. Applying and Interviewing for the Position\\n3-1. Write a compelling cover letter\\nA strong cover letter will improve your chances of getting a job as a TA. Read the job description so you know exactly what they are looking for. Talk about any experience you have in the classroom and emphasize your desire to help educate and help students. Write your cover letter so it’s succinct and concise. \\nSince it’s important that you have strong literacy skills, double check the letter for spelling and grammar so you don’t give off a bad first impression.\\nIf you don’t have any professional experience with children, include times that you’ve chaperoned, volunteered, or help raise your own children or younger siblings.\\n3-2. Apply for the job online.\\nFill out the application fully, making sure to answer all of the questions. Submit any required documents that are in the job listing, which could include your resume, student transcripts, letters of recommendation, and TA certificates. Filling out the full application and sending in the required documents will demonstrate your organizational skills. \\nOnce you submit your application it could take anywhere from a couple days to a couple of months for the school to reach out to you.\\nTo improve your chances of landing a job, apply to more than 1 TA job at a time.\\n3-3. Talk about your interest in education on the interview.\\nWhen you get called in for the interview, make sure to re-read the job description to help prepare you for it. Practice answering common interview questions such as “Why do you want to be a TA?” and “What would you do when challenged with a difficult student?” Dress in formal attire and get to the interview at least 10 minutes early to show your punctuality and dedication to the job.\\nInterviews for TA positions are usually in a group setting with 3 or more people asking you questions.\\nDuring the interview you should emphasize your organization because you'll likely have to keep track of homework, exams, and other classwork.\\nYou should also highlight your patience, communication, and listening skills, especially if you're going to be a TA for grade school children.\\n3-4. Complete TA training.\\nMost higher-education TA jobs will require you to complete a training session that will teach you how to interact with students, what to do on a day-to-day basis, and how to resolve conflicts or problems you might face in your job. Make sure to pay attention and attend every training so that you can be fully prepared when you start your job.\\nDuring TA training, you’ll also get to meet other TAs.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you have an interest in helping educate future leaders, you may want to become a teaching assistant. As a teaching assistant, or TA, your responsibilities will include setting up the classroom, helping grade assignments, and tutoring pupils who are struggling with their classwork. To become a teaching assistant, you’ll need to get the proper education and necessary certificates. Then, you can apply to jobs online and start your journey as a TA.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting the Proper Education and Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get your high school diploma or equivalent degree.\", \"描述\": \"Most schools require teaching assistants to have an associate or higher degree, but some private schools may have less stringent requirements. At very least, you’ll need to have the basic mathematics and literacy skills that you’d get with a high school degree for most entry-level teaching assistant positions.\\nIf you don’t have a high school diploma, you can get your GED.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Obtain a college degree in education to improve your chances.\", \"描述\": \"Most schools require that you have at least a 2-year degree or be currently enrolled in a higher education program. Compare associate's or bachelor's education or childhood development programs and apply to schools that you want to attend. Once you're accepted, concentrate on education or teaching-related coursework and classes to improve your chances of getting a job as a TA.\\nOther majors that are good for a TA include Child Studies, Early Childhood Development, and Elementary Education.\\nYou may want to apply for financial aid if you can’t afford to pay for classes on your own.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Enroll in higher education to apply for a college-level TA position.\", \"描述\": \"Colleges and graduate schools have more intense requirements for those that want to be a college-level TA. In most schools, TAs must be a senior in an undergraduate program or must be currently enrolled in a graduate program. Look at your college’s website to determine the exact requirements for the university or college that you’re currently attending.\\nSome schools require that you got a good grade in the class that you want to TA for.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get the certifications required in your state.\", \"描述\": \"Many states have an exam that you need to pass to get your certification as a TA. Look online at your state or country’s official education website to get more details about what may be required to become a TA where you live. If a certificate is necessary, register for the exam through the official website and submit the appropriate documents, such as your student transcripts.\\nSome teaching assistant positions may also require additional certificates in childcare or first aid.\\nCertification and exams typically come with a fee. For example, in New York, the exam to become a TA costs $71.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Volunteer or intern at a school to improve your chances.\", \"描述\": \"If you don’t have any professional experience, it may help to volunteer at a school or in a classroom setting to get the experience you need. Some schools also offer TA internship opportunities that you can take advantage of for some experience. Volunteering or interning will this prepare you for the kind of work you’d do as a TA, it will also look great on your resume and will improve your chances of getting hired for the job.\\nIf you’ve taught in a classroom before, you should have the skills to TA.\\nSome TA internships come with a stipend that will help you pay for transportation, food, and other costs.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Searching for the Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Search for TA jobs online.\", \"描述\": \"Use common search terms like \\\"teaching assistant\\\" or \\\"TA\\\" on popular job boards and find vacancies that match your experience and level of education. Read the jobs’ requirements and make sure that you have all the required education and certificates required for the positions that you apply to. \\nPopular teaching-specific job boards include https://www.edjoin.org/, https://www.higheredjobs.com/, and https://www.teachers-teachers.com/.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look at your school’s website if you’re attending college.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re currently in a higher education program you can usually find TA opportunities on your college’s website. Some schools require students to be an upperclassman or to have completed the course that they are applying to. Check out the opportunities on the site and consider the positions posted.\\nIf you know the professor that instructs the class you're applying to, it may increase your chances of getting the position.\\nIn some schools, the prior teaching assistant will interview you and determine whether you're good for the job.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ask your professor for TA opportunities instead of looking online.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes professors in higher education have open TA positions that they need to fill. If you are close with the professor and have gotten a good grade in the course, ask them if they need a TA for next semester. Since the professor already knows you, there’s a greater chance of landing the job.\\nThe professor may still require you to apply to the job through the website.\\nIf you performed poorly in the class or missed a lot of classes, the professor may be reluctant to offer you a TA position.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Applying and Interviewing for the Position\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Write a compelling cover letter\", \"描述\": \"A strong cover letter will improve your chances of getting a job as a TA. Read the job description so you know exactly what they are looking for. Talk about any experience you have in the classroom and emphasize your desire to help educate and help students. Write your cover letter so it’s succinct and concise. \\nSince it’s important that you have strong literacy skills, double check the letter for spelling and grammar so you don’t give off a bad first impression.\\nIf you don’t have any professional experience with children, include times that you’ve chaperoned, volunteered, or help raise your own children or younger siblings.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply for the job online.\", \"描述\": \"Fill out the application fully, making sure to answer all of the questions. Submit any required documents that are in the job listing, which could include your resume, student transcripts, letters of recommendation, and TA certificates. Filling out the full application and sending in the required documents will demonstrate your organizational skills. \\nOnce you submit your application it could take anywhere from a couple days to a couple of months for the school to reach out to you.\\nTo improve your chances of landing a job, apply to more than 1 TA job at a time.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Talk about your interest in education on the interview.\", \"描述\": \"When you get called in for the interview, make sure to re-read the job description to help prepare you for it. Practice answering common interview questions such as “Why do you want to be a TA?” and “What would you do when challenged with a difficult student?” Dress in formal attire and get to the interview at least 10 minutes early to show your punctuality and dedication to the job.\\nInterviews for TA positions are usually in a group setting with 3 or more people asking you questions.\\nDuring the interview you should emphasize your organization because you'll likely have to keep track of homework, exams, and other classwork.\\nYou should also highlight your patience, communication, and listening skills, especially if you're going to be a TA for grade school children.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Complete TA training.\", \"描述\": \"Most higher-education TA jobs will require you to complete a training session that will teach you how to interact with students, what to do on a day-to-day basis, and how to resolve conflicts or problems you might face in your job. Make sure to pay attention and attend every training so that you can be fully prepared when you start your job.\\nDuring TA training, you’ll also get to meet other TAs.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,820 |
How to Become a Teen Hacker
|
1. Taking Classes
1-1. Sign up for computer science classes at school.
Many high schools offer computer science programs that can teach you the basics of programming and networking. Taking these classes while they're free to you can help a lot in the future, and give you a leg up in your personal studies. Talk to your counselor to see if there's a computer science path you can take for your electives.
1-2. Check local community centers and community colleges for courses.
Focus on operating systems and networking. You may be able to find many more programs than you would at your high school, but these will likely cost some money to take. These courses may offer you access to more highly-trained professionals than you would find at school.
1-3. Join a computer science club at school.
This is a great way to meet like-minded people as well as potentially get more one-on-one time with the computer science teacher. If you don't have a computer science club, consider forming one yourself. These things look good on college resumes as well, where you can learn a lot more about applied computer science.
1-4. Take logic and critical thinking courses.
Hacking is more than just knowing programming languages. You have to be able to approach problems from unique angles and exploit vulnerabilities that the creator would never think of. Knowing how to apply creativity to attack problems can give you a big advantage.
2. Exploring on Your Own
2-1. Learn the ins and outs of major operating systems.
Use your school's computer labs to learn the layout and flow of as many operating systems as possible. To be a successful hacker, you'll need to be comfortable working in Windows, Linux, and OS X. You should be able to perform any major function and find any location without having to think about it.
2-2. Get familiar with command lines.
A lot of time hacking is spent looking at a command line and typing commands. Get acquainted with the Windows Command Prompt and the Terminal for Linux and OS X.
See How to Use CMD for more information on the Windows Command Prompt.
See How to Get Familiar with Ubuntu Commands for details on the Ubuntu (Linux) terminal.
2-3. Learn how computer components work together.
A lot of advanced hacking will occur at the hardware level as you interact with network cards, routers, and memory. Knowing the basics of how a computer works and how components connect to each other will help as you learn to take advantage of systems. See How to Build a Computer to get an understanding of how it all works together. You can gain a lot of basic computer knowledge from taking computer classes at school.
2-4. Learn the basics of networking.
Knowing how data is transferred over the internet is essential to be a successful hacker. Learn how the different layers of network models operate. This will teach you where data can be found and how to intercept and change it. See How to Understand Computer Networking for a rundown on network models and layers. Basic networking knowledge is critical for effective, high-level hacking.
You may be able to take classes on networking at your school or local community college.
2-5. Read every book on hacking and computers that you can.
Don't just learn from your classes. You should be actively engaging in learning as much as possible. Pick up some old used books on hacking, or sign up for a quarterly publication. Any and all information that you can consume will help increase your hacking knowledge.
3. Learning to Code
3-1. Learn HTML.
HTML is the basic language that all web pages are made with. Knowing HTML basics can help you identify weaknesses in websites, as well as code your own basic sites. See How to Learn HTML to get started.
3-2. Learn JavaScript.
JavaScript is one of the main ways that content is displayed on websites. Learning how JavaScript works can help you identify exploitable parts of websites and inject your own scripts. See How to Use JavaScript Injections for a look at how injections work.
3-3. Learn SQL.
SQL is the main database language for websites and online services. Hackers spend a lot of time attempting to access databases, so knowing how SQL works is essential for most hacking. See How to Create a SQL Server Database for information on setting up an SQL server to test.
3-4. Learn PHP.
PHP is a server-side language, and is often used to handle secure logins. This makes knowing PHP essential for hacking secure sites. See How to Learn PHP and MySQL for details on getting started with PHP. This is one of the most essential languages for hackers.
3-5. Learn Python.
Python is a high-level language that allows you to quickly write programs and scripts. It is essential for writing your own exploits and hacks. See How to Start Programming in Python for tips on getting started.
4. Practicing Your Skills
4-1. Hack a virtual machine on your own network.
The safest way to practice hacking is to hack your own equipment. Setting up a private network with virtual machines will allow you to test and deploy hacks without causing any actual damage or landing yourself in trouble with the law.
You can use virtual machines to install any operating system on your computer. This will allow you to test hacks tailored to specific operating systems. See How to Install VirtualBox for information on getting started with virtual machines for free.
4-2. Use hacking practice sites.
If you want to try your hacking skills in the real world, there are several sites available with built-in vulnerabilities that are perfectly legal to hack. These sites will let you practice your scripts and attack methods without any fear of legal repercussion. Popular practice sites include:
Bricks
bWAPP
DVWA
Google Gruyere
McAfee HackMe sites
4-3. Join some hacking communities.
There are a variety of hacking communities out there, from easy-to-find forums to incredibly hidden enclaves. Find a group of hackers who can challenge you to become a better hacker and help you when you are stumped. Hacking communities may also provide resources for practicing hacking techniques safely.
4-4. Avoid any illegal behavior.
Regardless of how tempting it may be, don't start doing illegal things with your new hacking knowledge. A single bad hack can land you in trouble with the law, potentially halting your hacking career before it even starts. Don't be fooled by the stories of professional hackers becoming trusted employees after being caught; far more often hackers simply go to jail.
Avoid being associated with illegal behavior as well. If your hacking community starts performing attacks, you can be considered guilty by association. If you become uncomfortable with the actions of others, distance yourself as much as possible.
4-5. Practice "white hat" or "ethical" hacking.
These terms are used to describe hackers who look for vulnerabilities in systems but do not exploit them for their own gain. Instead, white hat hackers will report these vulnerabilities to prevent future attacks from malicious hackers. Skilled white hat hackers can earn lots of money in the security industry.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:56",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Taking Classes\\n1-1. Sign up for computer science classes at school.\\nMany high schools offer computer science programs that can teach you the basics of programming and networking. Taking these classes while they're free to you can help a lot in the future, and give you a leg up in your personal studies. Talk to your counselor to see if there's a computer science path you can take for your electives.\\n1-2. Check local community centers and community colleges for courses.\\nFocus on operating systems and networking. You may be able to find many more programs than you would at your high school, but these will likely cost some money to take. These courses may offer you access to more highly-trained professionals than you would find at school.\\n1-3. Join a computer science club at school.\\nThis is a great way to meet like-minded people as well as potentially get more one-on-one time with the computer science teacher. If you don't have a computer science club, consider forming one yourself. These things look good on college resumes as well, where you can learn a lot more about applied computer science.\\n1-4. Take logic and critical thinking courses.\\nHacking is more than just knowing programming languages. You have to be able to approach problems from unique angles and exploit vulnerabilities that the creator would never think of. Knowing how to apply creativity to attack problems can give you a big advantage.\\n2. Exploring on Your Own\\n2-1. Learn the ins and outs of major operating systems.\\nUse your school's computer labs to learn the layout and flow of as many operating systems as possible. To be a successful hacker, you'll need to be comfortable working in Windows, Linux, and OS X. You should be able to perform any major function and find any location without having to think about it.\\n2-2. Get familiar with command lines.\\nA lot of time hacking is spent looking at a command line and typing commands. Get acquainted with the Windows Command Prompt and the Terminal for Linux and OS X.\\nSee How to Use CMD for more information on the Windows Command Prompt.\\nSee How to Get Familiar with Ubuntu Commands for details on the Ubuntu (Linux) terminal.\\n2-3. Learn how computer components work together.\\nA lot of advanced hacking will occur at the hardware level as you interact with network cards, routers, and memory. Knowing the basics of how a computer works and how components connect to each other will help as you learn to take advantage of systems. See How to Build a Computer to get an understanding of how it all works together. You can gain a lot of basic computer knowledge from taking computer classes at school.\\n2-4. Learn the basics of networking.\\nKnowing how data is transferred over the internet is essential to be a successful hacker. Learn how the different layers of network models operate. This will teach you where data can be found and how to intercept and change it. See How to Understand Computer Networking for a rundown on network models and layers. Basic networking knowledge is critical for effective, high-level hacking.\\nYou may be able to take classes on networking at your school or local community college.\\n2-5. Read every book on hacking and computers that you can.\\nDon't just learn from your classes. You should be actively engaging in learning as much as possible. Pick up some old used books on hacking, or sign up for a quarterly publication. Any and all information that you can consume will help increase your hacking knowledge.\\n3. Learning to Code\\n3-1. Learn HTML.\\nHTML is the basic language that all web pages are made with. Knowing HTML basics can help you identify weaknesses in websites, as well as code your own basic sites. See How to Learn HTML to get started.\\n3-2. Learn JavaScript.\\nJavaScript is one of the main ways that content is displayed on websites. Learning how JavaScript works can help you identify exploitable parts of websites and inject your own scripts. See How to Use JavaScript Injections for a look at how injections work.\\n3-3. Learn SQL.\\nSQL is the main database language for websites and online services. Hackers spend a lot of time attempting to access databases, so knowing how SQL works is essential for most hacking. See How to Create a SQL Server Database for information on setting up an SQL server to test.\\n3-4. Learn PHP.\\nPHP is a server-side language, and is often used to handle secure logins. This makes knowing PHP essential for hacking secure sites. See How to Learn PHP and MySQL for details on getting started with PHP. This is one of the most essential languages for hackers.\\n3-5. Learn Python.\\nPython is a high-level language that allows you to quickly write programs and scripts. It is essential for writing your own exploits and hacks. See How to Start Programming in Python for tips on getting started.\\n4. Practicing Your Skills\\n4-1. Hack a virtual machine on your own network.\\nThe safest way to practice hacking is to hack your own equipment. Setting up a private network with virtual machines will allow you to test and deploy hacks without causing any actual damage or landing yourself in trouble with the law.\\nYou can use virtual machines to install any operating system on your computer. This will allow you to test hacks tailored to specific operating systems. See How to Install VirtualBox for information on getting started with virtual machines for free.\\n4-2. Use hacking practice sites.\\nIf you want to try your hacking skills in the real world, there are several sites available with built-in vulnerabilities that are perfectly legal to hack. These sites will let you practice your scripts and attack methods without any fear of legal repercussion. Popular practice sites include:\\nBricks\\nbWAPP\\nDVWA\\nGoogle Gruyere\\nMcAfee HackMe sites\\n4-3. Join some hacking communities.\\nThere are a variety of hacking communities out there, from easy-to-find forums to incredibly hidden enclaves. Find a group of hackers who can challenge you to become a better hacker and help you when you are stumped. Hacking communities may also provide resources for practicing hacking techniques safely.\\n4-4. Avoid any illegal behavior.\\nRegardless of how tempting it may be, don't start doing illegal things with your new hacking knowledge. A single bad hack can land you in trouble with the law, potentially halting your hacking career before it even starts. Don't be fooled by the stories of professional hackers becoming trusted employees after being caught; far more often hackers simply go to jail.\\nAvoid being associated with illegal behavior as well. If your hacking community starts performing attacks, you can be considered guilty by association. If you become uncomfortable with the actions of others, distance yourself as much as possible.\\n4-5. Practice \\\"white hat\\\" or \\\"ethical\\\" hacking.\\nThese terms are used to describe hackers who look for vulnerabilities in systems but do not exploit them for their own gain. Instead, white hat hackers will report these vulnerabilities to prevent future attacks from malicious hackers. Skilled white hat hackers can earn lots of money in the security industry.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The term \\\"hacker\\\" is glamorous, and has been influenced a lot by popular media. In reality, a hacker is just a person looking for vulnerabilities that can be explored and exploited. Most real hackers hack systems out of curiosity and excitement, not for any personal gain. You can get a head start on a lot of hackers by learning as much as possible in your teen years. This knowledge can help propel your hacking career and even land you a good school or job down the line.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Taking Classes\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sign up for computer science classes at school.\", \"描述\": \"Many high schools offer computer science programs that can teach you the basics of programming and networking. Taking these classes while they're free to you can help a lot in the future, and give you a leg up in your personal studies. Talk to your counselor to see if there's a computer science path you can take for your electives.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Check local community centers and community colleges for courses.\", \"描述\": \"Focus on operating systems and networking. You may be able to find many more programs than you would at your high school, but these will likely cost some money to take. These courses may offer you access to more highly-trained professionals than you would find at school.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Join a computer science club at school.\", \"描述\": \"This is a great way to meet like-minded people as well as potentially get more one-on-one time with the computer science teacher. If you don't have a computer science club, consider forming one yourself. These things look good on college resumes as well, where you can learn a lot more about applied computer science.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take logic and critical thinking courses.\", \"描述\": \"Hacking is more than just knowing programming languages. You have to be able to approach problems from unique angles and exploit vulnerabilities that the creator would never think of. Knowing how to apply creativity to attack problems can give you a big advantage.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Exploring on Your Own\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn the ins and outs of major operating systems.\", \"描述\": \"Use your school's computer labs to learn the layout and flow of as many operating systems as possible. To be a successful hacker, you'll need to be comfortable working in Windows, Linux, and OS X. You should be able to perform any major function and find any location without having to think about it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get familiar with command lines.\", \"描述\": \"A lot of time hacking is spent looking at a command line and typing commands. Get acquainted with the Windows Command Prompt and the Terminal for Linux and OS X.\\nSee How to Use CMD for more information on the Windows Command Prompt.\\nSee How to Get Familiar with Ubuntu Commands for details on the Ubuntu (Linux) terminal.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn how computer components work together.\", \"描述\": \"A lot of advanced hacking will occur at the hardware level as you interact with network cards, routers, and memory. Knowing the basics of how a computer works and how components connect to each other will help as you learn to take advantage of systems. See How to Build a Computer to get an understanding of how it all works together. You can gain a lot of basic computer knowledge from taking computer classes at school.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn the basics of networking.\", \"描述\": \"Knowing how data is transferred over the internet is essential to be a successful hacker. Learn how the different layers of network models operate. This will teach you where data can be found and how to intercept and change it. See How to Understand Computer Networking for a rundown on network models and layers. Basic networking knowledge is critical for effective, high-level hacking.\\nYou may be able to take classes on networking at your school or local community college.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Read every book on hacking and computers that you can.\", \"描述\": \"Don't just learn from your classes. You should be actively engaging in learning as much as possible. Pick up some old used books on hacking, or sign up for a quarterly publication. Any and all information that you can consume will help increase your hacking knowledge.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learning to Code\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn HTML.\", \"描述\": \"HTML is the basic language that all web pages are made with. Knowing HTML basics can help you identify weaknesses in websites, as well as code your own basic sites. See How to Learn HTML to get started.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn JavaScript.\", \"描述\": \"JavaScript is one of the main ways that content is displayed on websites. Learning how JavaScript works can help you identify exploitable parts of websites and inject your own scripts. See How to Use JavaScript Injections for a look at how injections work.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn SQL.\", \"描述\": \"SQL is the main database language for websites and online services. Hackers spend a lot of time attempting to access databases, so knowing how SQL works is essential for most hacking. See How to Create a SQL Server Database for information on setting up an SQL server to test.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn PHP.\", \"描述\": \"PHP is a server-side language, and is often used to handle secure logins. This makes knowing PHP essential for hacking secure sites. See How to Learn PHP and MySQL for details on getting started with PHP. This is one of the most essential languages for hackers.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Learn Python.\", \"描述\": \"Python is a high-level language that allows you to quickly write programs and scripts. It is essential for writing your own exploits and hacks. See How to Start Programming in Python for tips on getting started.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Practicing Your Skills\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Hack a virtual machine on your own network.\", \"描述\": \"The safest way to practice hacking is to hack your own equipment. Setting up a private network with virtual machines will allow you to test and deploy hacks without causing any actual damage or landing yourself in trouble with the law.\\nYou can use virtual machines to install any operating system on your computer. This will allow you to test hacks tailored to specific operating systems. See How to Install VirtualBox for information on getting started with virtual machines for free.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use hacking practice sites.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to try your hacking skills in the real world, there are several sites available with built-in vulnerabilities that are perfectly legal to hack. These sites will let you practice your scripts and attack methods without any fear of legal repercussion. Popular practice sites include:\\nBricks\\nbWAPP\\nDVWA\\nGoogle Gruyere\\nMcAfee HackMe sites\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Join some hacking communities.\", \"描述\": \"There are a variety of hacking communities out there, from easy-to-find forums to incredibly hidden enclaves. Find a group of hackers who can challenge you to become a better hacker and help you when you are stumped. Hacking communities may also provide resources for practicing hacking techniques safely.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoid any illegal behavior.\", \"描述\": \"Regardless of how tempting it may be, don't start doing illegal things with your new hacking knowledge. A single bad hack can land you in trouble with the law, potentially halting your hacking career before it even starts. Don't be fooled by the stories of professional hackers becoming trusted employees after being caught; far more often hackers simply go to jail.\\nAvoid being associated with illegal behavior as well. If your hacking community starts performing attacks, you can be considered guilty by association. If you become uncomfortable with the actions of others, distance yourself as much as possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Practice \\\"white hat\\\" or \\\"ethical\\\" hacking.\", \"描述\": \"These terms are used to describe hackers who look for vulnerabilities in systems but do not exploit them for their own gain. Instead, white hat hackers will report these vulnerabilities to prevent future attacks from malicious hackers. Skilled white hat hackers can earn lots of money in the security industry.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,821 |
How to Become a Texas Ranger
|
1. Meeting the Requirements
1-1. Be part of the Texas Department of Public Safety.
Only those applicants who are currently employed by the Texas Department of Public Safety will be considered for the position of Texas Ranger. If you are not already in such a position, you will need to obtain one before applying.
1-2. Have the appropriate experience.
Becoming a Texas Ranger will require you to have already obtained professional experience and skills. Before your apply, make sure you have had at least eight years of previous professional experience working with a law enforcement agency. Having a level of high achievement and excellent performance ratings will increase your chances of becoming a Texas Ranger.
A rank of at least Trooper II is required.
Having experience in military police positions will not count towards this requirement.
Ideally, your previous experience will have involved work with major crimes.
Backgrounds with cases involving murder, theft, robbery, burglary, sexual assault and fraud will give you an edge when applying.
1-3. Work as a Texas State Trooper.
If you hope to one day become a Texas Ranger, you must already be a Texas State Trooper. Becoming a Texas State Trooper will come with it's own requirements. Take a look at the following basic requirements for a Texas State Trooper to see if you might meet them:
Be at least 21 years old.
Be a U.S. citizen.
Must have earned 60 college credit hours.
Must currently hold a valid Texas Peace Officer license.
Must pass the physical and mental examinations required by the position.
1-4. Have your documentation ready.
Before you can apply to become a Texas Ranger you will need to make sure you meet the basic personal requirements. These requirements will demonstrate your identity, allow for background investigations, and make sure you are legally permitted to function as a Texas Ranger. Make sure you have some of the following meet the following requirements:
Must be a U.S. citizen.
Must have a valid Texas driver's license.
Have a clean personal background free of any legal restrictions that could prevent you from performing the duties of a Texas Ranger.
1-5. Be in good physical and mental condition.
Texas Rangers are required to be both physically and mentally fit and must be able to perform the duties demanded by the position. Any applicant will need to meet the standard performance requirements that are deemed necessary for a Texas Ranger or Texas State Trooper. Make sure you are in good shape and have studied before you attempt the physical and written tests.
Certain injuries or disabilities may prevent you from becoming a Texas Ranger.
1-6. Apply for the position.
If you think you meet the requirements of a Texas Ranger you can apply for the position. Since you will already be required to be employed with the Texas Department of Public Safety, applications will be handled internally.
If you have further questions you can contact the Texas Rangers at [email protected]
You will receive your testing dates when you apply for the position.
2. Becoming a Texas Ranger
2-1. Pass the physical examination.
Once your application is accepted you will undergo a physical examination which aims to determine your level of physical fitness and ability. This test will allow you to demonstrate that you are physical healthy and capable of meeting the requirements of a Texas State Trooper. Once you have become a Trooper, you can eventually be up for selection by the Texas Rangers. Review some of the following examples of what you can expect from the test:
New recruits must past the Concept 2 Rower examination and be at the 50 percentile of their age and weight ranking.
For example, a male between 20 and 29 years of age, weighing 200 lbs will need to row 2,000 meters in less than 9 minutes.
Other applicants can choose between the Concept 2 Rower exam and the three event exam of push-ups, sit-ups, and running.
For example, a male between 25 and 29 years of age will need to do 54 crunches in two minutes, complete 49 push-ups and run 1.5 miles in 12 minutes.
2-2. Pass the written test.
On the road to becoming a Texas Ranger you will need to take and pass a written examination. Passing this test will qualify you to become a State Trooper, which in turn will qualify you to become a Texas Ranger. This written test will gauge your competency in a few key areas and will determine if you are ready to eventually become a Texas Ranger. Keep some of the following information in mind when preparing for your written test:
You will be tested on reading comprehension.
Your grammatical skills and knowledge will be tested.
The test has a section on basic mathematics.
2-3. Undergo your interview.
Once you have met all requirements, have worked as a Texas State Trooper and have been selected to become a Texas Ranger, you will attend your interview. This interview will take place before a board of interviewers who will have the final say when regarding your acceptance into the Texas Rangers. Keep some of the following interview tips in mind before your scheduled appointment:
You may be asked hypothetical questions about situations a Texas Ranger might encounter. For example, you might be asked how you would handle a certain criminal investigation or certain aspects of one.
You will likely be asked about how you handled difficult situations in your past professional experiences.
You might also be asked if you are able to speak Spanish.
3. Selecting a Focus
3-1. Discover the main duties of a Texas Ranger.
No matter which specific duties you may be assigned as a Texas Ranger there will be some that are common to any Ranger. Understanding the main function and duties of the position can help you get a better view of what is required of a Texas Ranger. As a Ranger, you will:
Work with other departments and organizations.
Look into missing persons, abductions, suspicious deaths and unidentified bodies.
Work on cases involving corruption or misconduct of public officials.
Protect the governor and other state officials.
Investigate major crimes such as murder, robbery, sexual assault, burglary, theft and fraud.
3-2. Find out which programs you will work with.
The Texas Rangers are a specialized group of law enforcement personnel. However, they tackle a wide range of serious criminal and security issues. Knowing more about the programs that the Texas Rangers are involved in can help you better judge if the position is right for you. Expect to function in some of the following programs as a Texas Ranger:
Unsolved crimes.
Public Corruption.
Major cases.
Border Security
Special Operations Group.
3-3. Consider the Specialized Operations Group programs.
The Specialized Operations Group (SOG) deals with very specific threats posed to the safety and security of citizens. These threats are generally presented by organized crime, terrorists, or drug trafficking groups. Being a part of the Texas Rangers, the SOG is tasked with preventing and dealing with any immediate and critical issues presented by these dangerous groups. Take a moment to learn more about the following sub-groups that make up the SOG:
Special weapons and tactics (SWAT) takes on issues such as hostage situations or barricaded suspects.
The crisis negotiation team will work to resolve conflicts with potentially dangerous individuals or groups.
Joint Operations and Intelligence Centers will work to inform the Border Security Operations Center of any intelligence that can be used to stop illegal arms, cash, or drugs from crossing the border.
The bomb squad is highly trained to assess, disarm, and investigate any explosive device threats.
The Texas Ranger Reconnaissance Team operates covertly to investigate and disrupt drug cartel activities.
The Special Response Team serves high risk warrants and deals with both hostage situations and barricaded suspects.
3-4. Be ready for training.
Exactly what training you will be required to undergo will vary depending on your exact role in the Texas Rangers. However, you will be required to have certain amounts of training based on a yearly basis. Many positions will have very specific training programs that you will need to attend. These training courses will keep your skills fresh and allow you to do your best as a Texas Ranger.
Every two years you will be required to attend at least 40 hours of training.
Depending on your function you may learn specialized skills such as investigative hypnosis.
Tips
Make sure you are legally qualified to work as a Texas Ranger before applying.
You will need at least eight years of experience in law enforcement.
Only members of the Texas Department of Public Safety can apply.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:56",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Meeting the Requirements\\n1-1. Be part of the Texas Department of Public Safety.\\nOnly those applicants who are currently employed by the Texas Department of Public Safety will be considered for the position of Texas Ranger. If you are not already in such a position, you will need to obtain one before applying.\\n1-2. Have the appropriate experience.\\nBecoming a Texas Ranger will require you to have already obtained professional experience and skills. Before your apply, make sure you have had at least eight years of previous professional experience working with a law enforcement agency. Having a level of high achievement and excellent performance ratings will increase your chances of becoming a Texas Ranger.\\nA rank of at least Trooper II is required.\\nHaving experience in military police positions will not count towards this requirement.\\nIdeally, your previous experience will have involved work with major crimes.\\nBackgrounds with cases involving murder, theft, robbery, burglary, sexual assault and fraud will give you an edge when applying.\\n1-3. Work as a Texas State Trooper.\\nIf you hope to one day become a Texas Ranger, you must already be a Texas State Trooper. Becoming a Texas State Trooper will come with it's own requirements. Take a look at the following basic requirements for a Texas State Trooper to see if you might meet them:\\nBe at least 21 years old.\\nBe a U.S. citizen.\\nMust have earned 60 college credit hours.\\nMust currently hold a valid Texas Peace Officer license.\\nMust pass the physical and mental examinations required by the position.\\n1-4. Have your documentation ready.\\nBefore you can apply to become a Texas Ranger you will need to make sure you meet the basic personal requirements. These requirements will demonstrate your identity, allow for background investigations, and make sure you are legally permitted to function as a Texas Ranger. Make sure you have some of the following meet the following requirements:\\nMust be a U.S. citizen.\\nMust have a valid Texas driver's license.\\nHave a clean personal background free of any legal restrictions that could prevent you from performing the duties of a Texas Ranger.\\n1-5. Be in good physical and mental condition.\\nTexas Rangers are required to be both physically and mentally fit and must be able to perform the duties demanded by the position. Any applicant will need to meet the standard performance requirements that are deemed necessary for a Texas Ranger or Texas State Trooper. Make sure you are in good shape and have studied before you attempt the physical and written tests.\\nCertain injuries or disabilities may prevent you from becoming a Texas Ranger.\\n1-6. Apply for the position.\\nIf you think you meet the requirements of a Texas Ranger you can apply for the position. Since you will already be required to be employed with the Texas Department of Public Safety, applications will be handled internally.\\nIf you have further questions you can contact the Texas Rangers at [email protected]\\nYou will receive your testing dates when you apply for the position.\\n2. Becoming a Texas Ranger\\n2-1. Pass the physical examination.\\nOnce your application is accepted you will undergo a physical examination which aims to determine your level of physical fitness and ability. This test will allow you to demonstrate that you are physical healthy and capable of meeting the requirements of a Texas State Trooper. Once you have become a Trooper, you can eventually be up for selection by the Texas Rangers. Review some of the following examples of what you can expect from the test:\\nNew recruits must past the Concept 2 Rower examination and be at the 50 percentile of their age and weight ranking.\\nFor example, a male between 20 and 29 years of age, weighing 200 lbs will need to row 2,000 meters in less than 9 minutes.\\nOther applicants can choose between the Concept 2 Rower exam and the three event exam of push-ups, sit-ups, and running.\\nFor example, a male between 25 and 29 years of age will need to do 54 crunches in two minutes, complete 49 push-ups and run 1.5 miles in 12 minutes.\\n2-2. Pass the written test.\\nOn the road to becoming a Texas Ranger you will need to take and pass a written examination. Passing this test will qualify you to become a State Trooper, which in turn will qualify you to become a Texas Ranger. This written test will gauge your competency in a few key areas and will determine if you are ready to eventually become a Texas Ranger. Keep some of the following information in mind when preparing for your written test:\\nYou will be tested on reading comprehension.\\nYour grammatical skills and knowledge will be tested.\\nThe test has a section on basic mathematics.\\n2-3. Undergo your interview.\\nOnce you have met all requirements, have worked as a Texas State Trooper and have been selected to become a Texas Ranger, you will attend your interview. This interview will take place before a board of interviewers who will have the final say when regarding your acceptance into the Texas Rangers. Keep some of the following interview tips in mind before your scheduled appointment:\\nYou may be asked hypothetical questions about situations a Texas Ranger might encounter. For example, you might be asked how you would handle a certain criminal investigation or certain aspects of one.\\nYou will likely be asked about how you handled difficult situations in your past professional experiences.\\nYou might also be asked if you are able to speak Spanish.\\n3. Selecting a Focus\\n3-1. Discover the main duties of a Texas Ranger.\\nNo matter which specific duties you may be assigned as a Texas Ranger there will be some that are common to any Ranger. Understanding the main function and duties of the position can help you get a better view of what is required of a Texas Ranger. As a Ranger, you will:\\nWork with other departments and organizations.\\nLook into missing persons, abductions, suspicious deaths and unidentified bodies.\\nWork on cases involving corruption or misconduct of public officials.\\nProtect the governor and other state officials.\\nInvestigate major crimes such as murder, robbery, sexual assault, burglary, theft and fraud.\\n3-2. Find out which programs you will work with.\\nThe Texas Rangers are a specialized group of law enforcement personnel. However, they tackle a wide range of serious criminal and security issues. Knowing more about the programs that the Texas Rangers are involved in can help you better judge if the position is right for you. Expect to function in some of the following programs as a Texas Ranger:\\nUnsolved crimes.\\nPublic Corruption.\\nMajor cases.\\nBorder Security\\nSpecial Operations Group.\\n3-3. Consider the Specialized Operations Group programs.\\nThe Specialized Operations Group (SOG) deals with very specific threats posed to the safety and security of citizens. These threats are generally presented by organized crime, terrorists, or drug trafficking groups. Being a part of the Texas Rangers, the SOG is tasked with preventing and dealing with any immediate and critical issues presented by these dangerous groups. Take a moment to learn more about the following sub-groups that make up the SOG:\\nSpecial weapons and tactics (SWAT) takes on issues such as hostage situations or barricaded suspects.\\nThe crisis negotiation team will work to resolve conflicts with potentially dangerous individuals or groups.\\nJoint Operations and Intelligence Centers will work to inform the Border Security Operations Center of any intelligence that can be used to stop illegal arms, cash, or drugs from crossing the border.\\nThe bomb squad is highly trained to assess, disarm, and investigate any explosive device threats.\\nThe Texas Ranger Reconnaissance Team operates covertly to investigate and disrupt drug cartel activities.\\nThe Special Response Team serves high risk warrants and deals with both hostage situations and barricaded suspects.\\n3-4. Be ready for training.\\nExactly what training you will be required to undergo will vary depending on your exact role in the Texas Rangers. However, you will be required to have certain amounts of training based on a yearly basis. Many positions will have very specific training programs that you will need to attend. These training courses will keep your skills fresh and allow you to do your best as a Texas Ranger.\\nEvery two years you will be required to attend at least 40 hours of training.\\nDepending on your function you may learn specialized skills such as investigative hypnosis.\\nTips\\nMake sure you are legally qualified to work as a Texas Ranger before applying.\\nYou will need at least eight years of experience in law enforcement.\\nOnly members of the Texas Department of Public Safety can apply.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Joining the Texas Rangers can be a challenging and rewarding career choice for those interested in pursuing a position in law enforcement. The Texas Rangers were officially formed in the 1800's and continue to serve and protect the people of Texas to this day. To become a ranger you will have to currently work as a Texas State Trooper, have already met the training and education requirements, and make it through the selection process. Before you further consider becoming a Texas Ranger, it can be helpful to understand the duties, requirements, and qualifications that you will need in order to be successful.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be part of the Texas Department of Public Safety.\", \"描述\": \"Only those applicants who are currently employed by the Texas Department of Public Safety will be considered for the position of Texas Ranger. If you are not already in such a position, you will need to obtain one before applying.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Have the appropriate experience.\", \"描述\": \"Becoming a Texas Ranger will require you to have already obtained professional experience and skills. Before your apply, make sure you have had at least eight years of previous professional experience working with a law enforcement agency. Having a level of high achievement and excellent performance ratings will increase your chances of becoming a Texas Ranger.\\nA rank of at least Trooper II is required.\\nHaving experience in military police positions will not count towards this requirement.\\nIdeally, your previous experience will have involved work with major crimes.\\nBackgrounds with cases involving murder, theft, robbery, burglary, sexual assault and fraud will give you an edge when applying.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work as a Texas State Trooper.\", \"描述\": \"If you hope to one day become a Texas Ranger, you must already be a Texas State Trooper. Becoming a Texas State Trooper will come with it's own requirements. Take a look at the following basic requirements for a Texas State Trooper to see if you might meet them:\\nBe at least 21 years old.\\nBe a U.S. citizen.\\nMust have earned 60 college credit hours.\\nMust currently hold a valid Texas Peace Officer license.\\nMust pass the physical and mental examinations required by the position.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Have your documentation ready.\", \"描述\": \"Before you can apply to become a Texas Ranger you will need to make sure you meet the basic personal requirements. These requirements will demonstrate your identity, allow for background investigations, and make sure you are legally permitted to function as a Texas Ranger. Make sure you have some of the following meet the following requirements:\\nMust be a U.S. citizen.\\nMust have a valid Texas driver's license.\\nHave a clean personal background free of any legal restrictions that could prevent you from performing the duties of a Texas Ranger.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be in good physical and mental condition.\", \"描述\": \"Texas Rangers are required to be both physically and mentally fit and must be able to perform the duties demanded by the position. Any applicant will need to meet the standard performance requirements that are deemed necessary for a Texas Ranger or Texas State Trooper. Make sure you are in good shape and have studied before you attempt the physical and written tests.\\nCertain injuries or disabilities may prevent you from becoming a Texas Ranger.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Apply for the position.\", \"描述\": \"If you think you meet the requirements of a Texas Ranger you can apply for the position. Since you will already be required to be employed with the Texas Department of Public Safety, applications will be handled internally.\\nIf you have further questions you can contact the Texas Rangers at [email protected]\\nYou will receive your testing dates when you apply for the position.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Texas Ranger\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pass the physical examination.\", \"描述\": \"Once your application is accepted you will undergo a physical examination which aims to determine your level of physical fitness and ability. This test will allow you to demonstrate that you are physical healthy and capable of meeting the requirements of a Texas State Trooper. Once you have become a Trooper, you can eventually be up for selection by the Texas Rangers. Review some of the following examples of what you can expect from the test:\\nNew recruits must past the Concept 2 Rower examination and be at the 50 percentile of their age and weight ranking.\\nFor example, a male between 20 and 29 years of age, weighing 200 lbs will need to row 2,000 meters in less than 9 minutes.\\nOther applicants can choose between the Concept 2 Rower exam and the three event exam of push-ups, sit-ups, and running.\\nFor example, a male between 25 and 29 years of age will need to do 54 crunches in two minutes, complete 49 push-ups and run 1.5 miles in 12 minutes.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pass the written test.\", \"描述\": \"On the road to becoming a Texas Ranger you will need to take and pass a written examination. Passing this test will qualify you to become a State Trooper, which in turn will qualify you to become a Texas Ranger. This written test will gauge your competency in a few key areas and will determine if you are ready to eventually become a Texas Ranger. Keep some of the following information in mind when preparing for your written test:\\nYou will be tested on reading comprehension.\\nYour grammatical skills and knowledge will be tested.\\nThe test has a section on basic mathematics.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Undergo your interview.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have met all requirements, have worked as a Texas State Trooper and have been selected to become a Texas Ranger, you will attend your interview. This interview will take place before a board of interviewers who will have the final say when regarding your acceptance into the Texas Rangers. Keep some of the following interview tips in mind before your scheduled appointment:\\nYou may be asked hypothetical questions about situations a Texas Ranger might encounter. For example, you might be asked how you would handle a certain criminal investigation or certain aspects of one.\\nYou will likely be asked about how you handled difficult situations in your past professional experiences.\\nYou might also be asked if you are able to speak Spanish.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Selecting a Focus\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Discover the main duties of a Texas Ranger.\", \"描述\": \"No matter which specific duties you may be assigned as a Texas Ranger there will be some that are common to any Ranger. Understanding the main function and duties of the position can help you get a better view of what is required of a Texas Ranger. As a Ranger, you will:\\nWork with other departments and organizations.\\nLook into missing persons, abductions, suspicious deaths and unidentified bodies.\\nWork on cases involving corruption or misconduct of public officials.\\nProtect the governor and other state officials.\\nInvestigate major crimes such as murder, robbery, sexual assault, burglary, theft and fraud.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find out which programs you will work with.\", \"描述\": \"The Texas Rangers are a specialized group of law enforcement personnel. However, they tackle a wide range of serious criminal and security issues. Knowing more about the programs that the Texas Rangers are involved in can help you better judge if the position is right for you. Expect to function in some of the following programs as a Texas Ranger:\\nUnsolved crimes.\\nPublic Corruption.\\nMajor cases.\\nBorder Security\\nSpecial Operations Group.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Consider the Specialized Operations Group programs.\", \"描述\": \"The Specialized Operations Group (SOG) deals with very specific threats posed to the safety and security of citizens. These threats are generally presented by organized crime, terrorists, or drug trafficking groups. Being a part of the Texas Rangers, the SOG is tasked with preventing and dealing with any immediate and critical issues presented by these dangerous groups. Take a moment to learn more about the following sub-groups that make up the SOG:\\nSpecial weapons and tactics (SWAT) takes on issues such as hostage situations or barricaded suspects.\\nThe crisis negotiation team will work to resolve conflicts with potentially dangerous individuals or groups.\\nJoint Operations and Intelligence Centers will work to inform the Border Security Operations Center of any intelligence that can be used to stop illegal arms, cash, or drugs from crossing the border.\\nThe bomb squad is highly trained to assess, disarm, and investigate any explosive device threats.\\nThe Texas Ranger Reconnaissance Team operates covertly to investigate and disrupt drug cartel activities.\\nThe Special Response Team serves high risk warrants and deals with both hostage situations and barricaded suspects.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be ready for training.\", \"描述\": \"Exactly what training you will be required to undergo will vary depending on your exact role in the Texas Rangers. However, you will be required to have certain amounts of training based on a yearly basis. Many positions will have very specific training programs that you will need to attend. These training courses will keep your skills fresh and allow you to do your best as a Texas Ranger.\\nEvery two years you will be required to attend at least 40 hours of training.\\nDepending on your function you may learn specialized skills such as investigative hypnosis.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Make sure you are legally qualified to work as a Texas Ranger before applying.\\n\", \"You will need at least eight years of experience in law enforcement.\\n\", \"Only members of the Texas Department of Public Safety can apply.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,822 |
How to Become a Theoretical Physicist
|
1. Developing Your Skills Before College
1-1. Read texts on related subjects like mathematics and general science.
Either conduct research online or visit your local library. Look at texts that specifically describe theoretical physics or books that outline the careers of famous theorists. Many popular books explore physics at varying reading levels so you don’t have to read complex texts to start learning either.
Theoretical physics involves more than just theorizing solutions to problems. As a theorist, you have to be able to use algebra, geometry, calculus, physics, and other sciences in order to prove or support your claims.
If you are a parent and have a child in elementary school who is interested in learning about physics, check out books by the popular author, Chris Ferrie. Chris has published a wide variety of children’s books that explain basic physics principles, and ones that spotlight figureheads in the field like Isaac Newton, who was the first theoretical physicist.
If you are in middle or high school, consider reading books by Stephen Hawking, who is a renowned theorist in the field. A Brief History of Time and The Grand Design are popular books to read to obtain general knowledge on the field. Michio Kaku's Physics of the Impossible and Hyperspace are good reads as well.
1-2. Meet with a science teacher at your school to talk about the field.
Even if you are in elementary school or middle school, it is never too early to start picking the minds of your teachers. If there is a topic that you are really interested in, like theoretical physics or even just general physics, see what additional information your science teacher can provide you.
Your teacher may even have a list of websites for you to learn from or books that you can borrow on the subject.
1-3. Enroll in classes related to theoretical physics.
Take every opportunity to learn more about the field and prepare yourself for a future career. Specifically look for classes that involve mathematics and physics. This will create a solid foundation for you to branch off of later on in your schooling.
Some basic classes that might interest you are physics, algebra, geometry, calculus, and astronomy.
1-4. Get involved with local science clubs or science camps.
Joining science-based extracurricular activities will expand your knowledge, and will look good on any college applications you fill out. This will also give you the opportunity to connect with others who share the same passions as you.
Maybe there is a physics club at your school and every week students get together to learn information not covered in class, or maybe there is a summer science camp that teaches astronomy, which is something not offered at your school. Whatever the club or camp is, get involved with it if you can.
Speak with your science teachers or visit your local community center to find out about ongoing science clubs or upcoming science camps.
2. Obtaining the Necessary Degree
2-1. Enroll in a theoretical physics undergraduate program at a university.
In order to become a theoretical physicist, you have to at least obtain a bachelor’s of science degree from an accredited university. Start looking at colleges early in your high school career.
While you can aim for Ivy-league universities like Princeton, Harvard, and Stanford, also look at theoretical science programs at universities within your state, as those may offer scholarships or grants for staying local.
If you are having problems compiling a list of universities to apply to, make an appointment with your favorite science teacher or your guidance counselor. Either will be able to help you narrow down your search results, find university programs that are right for you and file the proper applications.
2-2. Minor in experimental physics to make yourself more marketable.
There is a great demand for physicists who can do both the theoretical and experimental portions of the field. Taking a few courses in experimental physics, or even picking up a minor, may increase your odds of finding a job after college.
Experimental physics will also give you insight into the laboratory work that goes behind proving some of the theoretical research.
2-3. Study hard to complete your undergraduate education.
It takes a lot of hard work and drive to apply and get into a university; it takes even more to graduate from one. Once you are enrolled in a theoretical physics major, take the opportunity seriously and study hard. Making friends within your major will ease and add fun to the process.
If you are having problems in any of your majoring courses, speak with the professor, a guidance counselor, or other students. College is a time for networking, so if you are having problems, networking with different groups of people might just help you solve them.
Don’t be afraid to explore subjects that are closely related to your field. Look into taking courses involving astronomy and chemistry. Modern theoretical physics explores phenomena at an atomic or subatomic level. Having knowledge in those subjects will expand your career opportunities when you graduate.
2-4. Join research groups or university clubs related to your major.
This is your opportunity to pursue developing a theory you are passionate about. Most research in physics is done at a university level, especially at universities known for the subject. Ask a professor you like if they have any ongoing research opportunities that you can get involved with, or join a club related to physics or mathematics to keep your skills sharp and make friends.
Find others who are passionate about a theory that you are interested in. This will help expand your network, and may even help you land a job when you graduate from college. Exposing yourself to other creative and theoretical minds may also pique your interest into a theory you were unfamiliar with.
2-5. Obtain a master's or doctorate degree to get an edge over your competition.
Theoretical physics can be a very competitive field to enter after graduating. Begin thinking about continuing your education within your last 2 years of undergrad. If you did not originally get into the college of your dreams, consider reapplying and pursuing a master’s degree in science or even a doctorate.
Some excellent graduate and doctoral programs are offered at University of California, Berkeley; Princeton University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and the California Institute of Technology.
3. Transforming Your Education into a Career
3-1. Join professional organizations and societies to expand your network.
Go online and select 1 or 2 organizations that interest you, and review the guidelines on how to join. Many societies will even offer discounted membership rates for undergraduate or graduate students. These groups are great networking tools that will enable you to connect with others in your field, and may even provide internship or job opportunities later on.
For example, the American Physical Society (APS) allows students to join for a year for free, and then offers discounted membership rates for the following year. Undergraduates pay a membership fee of $25.00 per year, and graduates pay $39.00.
Start with well-known societies like the American Physical Society (APS), Institute of Physics (IP), American Astronomical Society (AAS), American Institute of Physics (AIP), and American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT).
3-2. Gain experience through internships and fellowships.
Decide if you want a summer internship to do between semesters, or if you want a longer experience via a co-op or fellowship. Then, conduct a general search online for internships offered for theoretical physics students. Your university may even have a department dedicated to helping you find and apply for an internship.
Visit the websites of professional organizations to see what internship opportunities are available.
Carefully review all deadlines and requirements for each internship, and start gathering the materials needed to apply early. For summer internships, companies will typically post applications late fall and then start reviewing them in January or February.
3-3. Create a strong resume or CV to accompany your job applications.
Outline your education credentials, skills, and any relevant work experience on your resume and CV. Include the contact information for any professional references who can attest to your work and character as well. Effectively arranging these details to reflect the job description or company philosophy can greatly help you land an interview.
Know the difference between a CV and a resume. Resumes are typically 1 page long and provide focused details and descriptions for a particular job. Oppositely, a CV can be multiple pages in length, and generally details your work experience in paragraphs instead of a couple of sentences. Most academic employers will ask for a CV over a resume to accompany an application.
3-4. Find a job in your field after completing your education.
Begin your search by looking at the online job postings provided by professional societies in your field. These societies frequently update and post jobs and research opportunities. If you had an internship or fellowship through a particular company, ask a human resource representative if the company is hiring. You may just have an advantage to getting hired in the place you interned at.
One of the best places to find theoretical research opportunities are at universities. Universities will hire theoretical physicists to carry out their research, and possibly teach part-time or full-time at the university as well. Working at a university will give you the opportunity to pick the minds of fellow theoreticians, and grant you access to any resources the university has available.
If you are continuing your education, consider finding a part-time job in your field to help supplement the costs. Being a research assistant, or even teaching courses on the subject part-time will earn you some extra cash, and may open up other career opportunities down the road.
3-5. Be prepared and punctual for all of your job interviews.
Present your best self during all portions of the interview. Smile, be alert, and answer any questions to the best of your ability. Sell yourself to the interviewer and to the company, and explain how your particular skills make you a valuable asset.
Before the interview, conduct research on the company and note what the company prides themselves on or any relevant research the company is doing. Then, try to incorporate this information into your talking points during the interview. This will show that you have an actual interest in the company and not just the job.
Bring a portfolio or extra copies of your resume so your interviewer can look it over if needed during the interview.
Tips
In order to gauge your level of interest in theoretical physics, read about the subjects that surround the field. If you find that you are not interested in these subjects, reconsider pursuing theoretical physics as a career.
If you are serious, avoid books such as A Brief History of Time because they consume time and don't reflect the reality of physics which is mathematical. Try solving Irodov books or Feynman lecture on physics to start and then take off with increasing higher books and scientific papers.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:56",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Developing Your Skills Before College\\n1-1. Read texts on related subjects like mathematics and general science.\\nEither conduct research online or visit your local library. Look at texts that specifically describe theoretical physics or books that outline the careers of famous theorists. Many popular books explore physics at varying reading levels so you don’t have to read complex texts to start learning either.\\nTheoretical physics involves more than just theorizing solutions to problems. As a theorist, you have to be able to use algebra, geometry, calculus, physics, and other sciences in order to prove or support your claims.\\nIf you are a parent and have a child in elementary school who is interested in learning about physics, check out books by the popular author, Chris Ferrie. Chris has published a wide variety of children’s books that explain basic physics principles, and ones that spotlight figureheads in the field like Isaac Newton, who was the first theoretical physicist.\\nIf you are in middle or high school, consider reading books by Stephen Hawking, who is a renowned theorist in the field. A Brief History of Time and The Grand Design are popular books to read to obtain general knowledge on the field. Michio Kaku's Physics of the Impossible and Hyperspace are good reads as well.\\n1-2. Meet with a science teacher at your school to talk about the field.\\nEven if you are in elementary school or middle school, it is never too early to start picking the minds of your teachers. If there is a topic that you are really interested in, like theoretical physics or even just general physics, see what additional information your science teacher can provide you.\\nYour teacher may even have a list of websites for you to learn from or books that you can borrow on the subject.\\n1-3. Enroll in classes related to theoretical physics.\\nTake every opportunity to learn more about the field and prepare yourself for a future career. Specifically look for classes that involve mathematics and physics. This will create a solid foundation for you to branch off of later on in your schooling.\\nSome basic classes that might interest you are physics, algebra, geometry, calculus, and astronomy.\\n1-4. Get involved with local science clubs or science camps.\\nJoining science-based extracurricular activities will expand your knowledge, and will look good on any college applications you fill out. This will also give you the opportunity to connect with others who share the same passions as you.\\nMaybe there is a physics club at your school and every week students get together to learn information not covered in class, or maybe there is a summer science camp that teaches astronomy, which is something not offered at your school. Whatever the club or camp is, get involved with it if you can.\\nSpeak with your science teachers or visit your local community center to find out about ongoing science clubs or upcoming science camps.\\n2. Obtaining the Necessary Degree\\n2-1. Enroll in a theoretical physics undergraduate program at a university.\\nIn order to become a theoretical physicist, you have to at least obtain a bachelor’s of science degree from an accredited university. Start looking at colleges early in your high school career.\\nWhile you can aim for Ivy-league universities like Princeton, Harvard, and Stanford, also look at theoretical science programs at universities within your state, as those may offer scholarships or grants for staying local.\\nIf you are having problems compiling a list of universities to apply to, make an appointment with your favorite science teacher or your guidance counselor. Either will be able to help you narrow down your search results, find university programs that are right for you and file the proper applications.\\n2-2. Minor in experimental physics to make yourself more marketable.\\nThere is a great demand for physicists who can do both the theoretical and experimental portions of the field. Taking a few courses in experimental physics, or even picking up a minor, may increase your odds of finding a job after college.\\nExperimental physics will also give you insight into the laboratory work that goes behind proving some of the theoretical research.\\n2-3. Study hard to complete your undergraduate education.\\nIt takes a lot of hard work and drive to apply and get into a university; it takes even more to graduate from one. Once you are enrolled in a theoretical physics major, take the opportunity seriously and study hard. Making friends within your major will ease and add fun to the process.\\nIf you are having problems in any of your majoring courses, speak with the professor, a guidance counselor, or other students. College is a time for networking, so if you are having problems, networking with different groups of people might just help you solve them.\\nDon’t be afraid to explore subjects that are closely related to your field. Look into taking courses involving astronomy and chemistry. Modern theoretical physics explores phenomena at an atomic or subatomic level. Having knowledge in those subjects will expand your career opportunities when you graduate.\\n2-4. Join research groups or university clubs related to your major.\\nThis is your opportunity to pursue developing a theory you are passionate about. Most research in physics is done at a university level, especially at universities known for the subject. Ask a professor you like if they have any ongoing research opportunities that you can get involved with, or join a club related to physics or mathematics to keep your skills sharp and make friends.\\nFind others who are passionate about a theory that you are interested in. This will help expand your network, and may even help you land a job when you graduate from college. Exposing yourself to other creative and theoretical minds may also pique your interest into a theory you were unfamiliar with.\\n2-5. Obtain a master's or doctorate degree to get an edge over your competition.\\nTheoretical physics can be a very competitive field to enter after graduating. Begin thinking about continuing your education within your last 2 years of undergrad. If you did not originally get into the college of your dreams, consider reapplying and pursuing a master’s degree in science or even a doctorate.\\nSome excellent graduate and doctoral programs are offered at University of California, Berkeley; Princeton University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and the California Institute of Technology.\\n3. Transforming Your Education into a Career\\n3-1. Join professional organizations and societies to expand your network.\\nGo online and select 1 or 2 organizations that interest you, and review the guidelines on how to join. Many societies will even offer discounted membership rates for undergraduate or graduate students. These groups are great networking tools that will enable you to connect with others in your field, and may even provide internship or job opportunities later on.\\nFor example, the American Physical Society (APS) allows students to join for a year for free, and then offers discounted membership rates for the following year. Undergraduates pay a membership fee of $25.00 per year, and graduates pay $39.00.\\nStart with well-known societies like the American Physical Society (APS), Institute of Physics (IP), American Astronomical Society (AAS), American Institute of Physics (AIP), and American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT).\\n3-2. Gain experience through internships and fellowships.\\nDecide if you want a summer internship to do between semesters, or if you want a longer experience via a co-op or fellowship. Then, conduct a general search online for internships offered for theoretical physics students. Your university may even have a department dedicated to helping you find and apply for an internship.\\nVisit the websites of professional organizations to see what internship opportunities are available.\\nCarefully review all deadlines and requirements for each internship, and start gathering the materials needed to apply early. For summer internships, companies will typically post applications late fall and then start reviewing them in January or February.\\n3-3. Create a strong resume or CV to accompany your job applications.\\nOutline your education credentials, skills, and any relevant work experience on your resume and CV. Include the contact information for any professional references who can attest to your work and character as well. Effectively arranging these details to reflect the job description or company philosophy can greatly help you land an interview.\\nKnow the difference between a CV and a resume. Resumes are typically 1 page long and provide focused details and descriptions for a particular job. Oppositely, a CV can be multiple pages in length, and generally details your work experience in paragraphs instead of a couple of sentences. Most academic employers will ask for a CV over a resume to accompany an application.\\n3-4. Find a job in your field after completing your education.\\nBegin your search by looking at the online job postings provided by professional societies in your field. These societies frequently update and post jobs and research opportunities. If you had an internship or fellowship through a particular company, ask a human resource representative if the company is hiring. You may just have an advantage to getting hired in the place you interned at.\\nOne of the best places to find theoretical research opportunities are at universities. Universities will hire theoretical physicists to carry out their research, and possibly teach part-time or full-time at the university as well. Working at a university will give you the opportunity to pick the minds of fellow theoreticians, and grant you access to any resources the university has available.\\nIf you are continuing your education, consider finding a part-time job in your field to help supplement the costs. Being a research assistant, or even teaching courses on the subject part-time will earn you some extra cash, and may open up other career opportunities down the road.\\n3-5. Be prepared and punctual for all of your job interviews.\\nPresent your best self during all portions of the interview. Smile, be alert, and answer any questions to the best of your ability. Sell yourself to the interviewer and to the company, and explain how your particular skills make you a valuable asset.\\nBefore the interview, conduct research on the company and note what the company prides themselves on or any relevant research the company is doing. Then, try to incorporate this information into your talking points during the interview. This will show that you have an actual interest in the company and not just the job.\\nBring a portfolio or extra copies of your resume so your interviewer can look it over if needed during the interview.\\nTips\\nIn order to gauge your level of interest in theoretical physics, read about the subjects that surround the field. If you find that you are not interested in these subjects, reconsider pursuing theoretical physics as a career.\\nIf you are serious, avoid books such as A Brief History of Time because they consume time and don't reflect the reality of physics which is mathematical. Try solving Irodov books or Feynman lecture on physics to start and then take off with increasing higher books and scientific papers.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you have a natural love for questioning the way the universe works, and a desire to understand why the universe works the way it does, you might just have an apt for theoretical physics. Theoretical physicists use mathematics and principles of science to describe nature. Developing a career in this field can be challenging, but if you study hard, expand your knowledge of the field, and attend an accredited university, you will be on your way to making that career happen.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Developing Your Skills Before College\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Read texts on related subjects like mathematics and general science.\", \"描述\": \"Either conduct research online or visit your local library. Look at texts that specifically describe theoretical physics or books that outline the careers of famous theorists. Many popular books explore physics at varying reading levels so you don’t have to read complex texts to start learning either.\\nTheoretical physics involves more than just theorizing solutions to problems. As a theorist, you have to be able to use algebra, geometry, calculus, physics, and other sciences in order to prove or support your claims.\\nIf you are a parent and have a child in elementary school who is interested in learning about physics, check out books by the popular author, Chris Ferrie. Chris has published a wide variety of children’s books that explain basic physics principles, and ones that spotlight figureheads in the field like Isaac Newton, who was the first theoretical physicist.\\nIf you are in middle or high school, consider reading books by Stephen Hawking, who is a renowned theorist in the field. A Brief History of Time and The Grand Design are popular books to read to obtain general knowledge on the field. Michio Kaku's Physics of the Impossible and Hyperspace are good reads as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Meet with a science teacher at your school to talk about the field.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you are in elementary school or middle school, it is never too early to start picking the minds of your teachers. If there is a topic that you are really interested in, like theoretical physics or even just general physics, see what additional information your science teacher can provide you.\\nYour teacher may even have a list of websites for you to learn from or books that you can borrow on the subject.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Enroll in classes related to theoretical physics.\", \"描述\": \"Take every opportunity to learn more about the field and prepare yourself for a future career. Specifically look for classes that involve mathematics and physics. This will create a solid foundation for you to branch off of later on in your schooling.\\nSome basic classes that might interest you are physics, algebra, geometry, calculus, and astronomy.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get involved with local science clubs or science camps.\", \"描述\": \"Joining science-based extracurricular activities will expand your knowledge, and will look good on any college applications you fill out. This will also give you the opportunity to connect with others who share the same passions as you.\\nMaybe there is a physics club at your school and every week students get together to learn information not covered in class, or maybe there is a summer science camp that teaches astronomy, which is something not offered at your school. Whatever the club or camp is, get involved with it if you can.\\nSpeak with your science teachers or visit your local community center to find out about ongoing science clubs or upcoming science camps.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Obtaining the Necessary Degree\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Enroll in a theoretical physics undergraduate program at a university.\", \"描述\": \"In order to become a theoretical physicist, you have to at least obtain a bachelor’s of science degree from an accredited university. Start looking at colleges early in your high school career.\\nWhile you can aim for Ivy-league universities like Princeton, Harvard, and Stanford, also look at theoretical science programs at universities within your state, as those may offer scholarships or grants for staying local.\\nIf you are having problems compiling a list of universities to apply to, make an appointment with your favorite science teacher or your guidance counselor. Either will be able to help you narrow down your search results, find university programs that are right for you and file the proper applications.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Minor in experimental physics to make yourself more marketable.\", \"描述\": \"There is a great demand for physicists who can do both the theoretical and experimental portions of the field. Taking a few courses in experimental physics, or even picking up a minor, may increase your odds of finding a job after college.\\nExperimental physics will also give you insight into the laboratory work that goes behind proving some of the theoretical research.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Study hard to complete your undergraduate education.\", \"描述\": \"It takes a lot of hard work and drive to apply and get into a university; it takes even more to graduate from one. Once you are enrolled in a theoretical physics major, take the opportunity seriously and study hard. Making friends within your major will ease and add fun to the process.\\nIf you are having problems in any of your majoring courses, speak with the professor, a guidance counselor, or other students. College is a time for networking, so if you are having problems, networking with different groups of people might just help you solve them.\\nDon’t be afraid to explore subjects that are closely related to your field. Look into taking courses involving astronomy and chemistry. Modern theoretical physics explores phenomena at an atomic or subatomic level. Having knowledge in those subjects will expand your career opportunities when you graduate.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Join research groups or university clubs related to your major.\", \"描述\": \"This is your opportunity to pursue developing a theory you are passionate about. Most research in physics is done at a university level, especially at universities known for the subject. Ask a professor you like if they have any ongoing research opportunities that you can get involved with, or join a club related to physics or mathematics to keep your skills sharp and make friends.\\nFind others who are passionate about a theory that you are interested in. This will help expand your network, and may even help you land a job when you graduate from college. Exposing yourself to other creative and theoretical minds may also pique your interest into a theory you were unfamiliar with.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Obtain a master's or doctorate degree to get an edge over your competition.\", \"描述\": \"Theoretical physics can be a very competitive field to enter after graduating. Begin thinking about continuing your education within your last 2 years of undergrad. If you did not originally get into the college of your dreams, consider reapplying and pursuing a master’s degree in science or even a doctorate.\\nSome excellent graduate and doctoral programs are offered at University of California, Berkeley; Princeton University; Harvard University; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and the California Institute of Technology.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Transforming Your Education into a Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Join professional organizations and societies to expand your network.\", \"描述\": \"Go online and select 1 or 2 organizations that interest you, and review the guidelines on how to join. Many societies will even offer discounted membership rates for undergraduate or graduate students. These groups are great networking tools that will enable you to connect with others in your field, and may even provide internship or job opportunities later on.\\nFor example, the American Physical Society (APS) allows students to join for a year for free, and then offers discounted membership rates for the following year. Undergraduates pay a membership fee of $25.00 per year, and graduates pay $39.00.\\nStart with well-known societies like the American Physical Society (APS), Institute of Physics (IP), American Astronomical Society (AAS), American Institute of Physics (AIP), and American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Gain experience through internships and fellowships.\", \"描述\": \"Decide if you want a summer internship to do between semesters, or if you want a longer experience via a co-op or fellowship. Then, conduct a general search online for internships offered for theoretical physics students. Your university may even have a department dedicated to helping you find and apply for an internship.\\nVisit the websites of professional organizations to see what internship opportunities are available.\\nCarefully review all deadlines and requirements for each internship, and start gathering the materials needed to apply early. For summer internships, companies will typically post applications late fall and then start reviewing them in January or February.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Create a strong resume or CV to accompany your job applications.\", \"描述\": \"Outline your education credentials, skills, and any relevant work experience on your resume and CV. Include the contact information for any professional references who can attest to your work and character as well. Effectively arranging these details to reflect the job description or company philosophy can greatly help you land an interview.\\nKnow the difference between a CV and a resume. Resumes are typically 1 page long and provide focused details and descriptions for a particular job. Oppositely, a CV can be multiple pages in length, and generally details your work experience in paragraphs instead of a couple of sentences. Most academic employers will ask for a CV over a resume to accompany an application.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find a job in your field after completing your education.\", \"描述\": \"Begin your search by looking at the online job postings provided by professional societies in your field. These societies frequently update and post jobs and research opportunities. If you had an internship or fellowship through a particular company, ask a human resource representative if the company is hiring. You may just have an advantage to getting hired in the place you interned at.\\nOne of the best places to find theoretical research opportunities are at universities. Universities will hire theoretical physicists to carry out their research, and possibly teach part-time or full-time at the university as well. Working at a university will give you the opportunity to pick the minds of fellow theoreticians, and grant you access to any resources the university has available.\\nIf you are continuing your education, consider finding a part-time job in your field to help supplement the costs. Being a research assistant, or even teaching courses on the subject part-time will earn you some extra cash, and may open up other career opportunities down the road.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be prepared and punctual for all of your job interviews.\", \"描述\": \"Present your best self during all portions of the interview. Smile, be alert, and answer any questions to the best of your ability. Sell yourself to the interviewer and to the company, and explain how your particular skills make you a valuable asset.\\nBefore the interview, conduct research on the company and note what the company prides themselves on or any relevant research the company is doing. Then, try to incorporate this information into your talking points during the interview. This will show that you have an actual interest in the company and not just the job.\\nBring a portfolio or extra copies of your resume so your interviewer can look it over if needed during the interview.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"In order to gauge your level of interest in theoretical physics, read about the subjects that surround the field. If you find that you are not interested in these subjects, reconsider pursuing theoretical physics as a career.\\n\", \"If you are serious, avoid books such as A Brief History of Time because they consume time and don't reflect the reality of physics which is mathematical. Try solving Irodov books or Feynman lecture on physics to start and then take off with increasing higher books and scientific papers.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,823 |
How to Become a Therapist
|
1. Understanding the Psychotherapy Field
1-1. Know the available opportunities.
Therapists share in common the will to help people by providing them with council, but there are many different jobs that fall under this umbrella. Consider the following therapy-related positions:
Counselors help specific populations in places like schools and churches. A counselor does not need specific training to establish a practice, but most do take specific courses to earn credentials.
Social workers have master's degrees and are typically employed by agencies to work with individuals or families requiring counseling. Some social workers specialize in counseling children.
Marriage and Family Therapists (MFTs) often have private practices and provide couples therapy in addition to therapy for individuals and families.
Psychologists have PhDs and study major approaches to therapy, including cognitive, behavioral, humanistic and psycho dynamic approaches, and work with individuals experiencing depression and other illnesses. Psychologists conduct psychological tests and provide talk therapy to their patients, but in most cases can't prescribe medications or other medical interventions.
Psychiatrists are actually medical doctors who study psychiatry after finishing medical school. Psychiatrists conduct medical tests, prescribe medications and work with primary physicians and other psychotherapists to devise a course of treatment for their patients.
1-2. Talk to therapists.
If you're deciding which type of therapy will be the right fit for you, conduct research by talking with therapists who have chosen a variety of different career paths.
Different types of therapists have different strengths and skill sets. Psychologists, for example, spend time conducting research on different types of therapy. Social workers often enter intense situations and serve as mediators between upset parties. Shadow different therapists to decide what's right for you.
Ask therapists about the educational paths they took to get to their positions.
1-3. Begin crafting a plan for a career in therapy.
Some degrees take many years to pursue, and it takes extra time to find the right job and build a practice. As soon as you know the general area that interests you, lay out a plan for yourself.
Get a college degree. No matter what type of therapy you decide to pursue, you'll need to start with a bachelor's degree. Consider majoring in psychology, and study both the sciences and the humanities, since both areas play into the work of a therapist.
If you know exactly what graduate program you want to pursue, make sure you take all the prerequisite courses.
2. Educational Requirements for Therapists
2-1. Earn a graduate degree.
Apply to graduate programs that will prepare you for the career you have chosen. Complete either a master's or PhD program.
Most programs will include classroom work, research, fieldwork and supervised psychotherapy.
Keep your career goals in mind as you pursue your degree. Choose classes that will help you learn as much as possible about the type of therapy in which you plan to specialize.
2-2. Get clinical experience.
The requirements for clinical experience vary according to the degree you obtain, but in most cases two years of experience working as a therapist in a clinic or private practice is mandatory before you can become a licensed.
The experience must be at a postgraduate level and take place under a licensed therapist's supervision.
Clinical requirements are much more rigorous for people pursuing psychology and psychiatry.
2-3. Get licensed.
Most states require that therapists pass a licensing exam in addition to obtaining a master's degree and at least two years of clinical experience.
Research the exam requirements in your state in order to prepare for the exam and pass it.
Renew your license every year according to the laws of your state.
3. Finding a Job as a Therapist
3-1. Work for an institution.
Look at job listings for candidates with your education level and experience at schools, public health clinics, hospitals, and other places that hire therapists.
3-2. Work as part of a group practice.
Many therapists share office space in collectives, using their different areas of expertise to serve the needs of a community of clients. Research collectives in your area and contact them to find out if you might join them.
3-3. Start your own practice.
As you build confidence and form relationships with clients, you may want to start an independent practice. Rent office space in a building or meet with clients in your home.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:56",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Understanding the Psychotherapy Field\\n1-1. Know the available opportunities.\\nTherapists share in common the will to help people by providing them with council, but there are many different jobs that fall under this umbrella. Consider the following therapy-related positions:\\nCounselors help specific populations in places like schools and churches. A counselor does not need specific training to establish a practice, but most do take specific courses to earn credentials.\\nSocial workers have master's degrees and are typically employed by agencies to work with individuals or families requiring counseling. Some social workers specialize in counseling children.\\nMarriage and Family Therapists (MFTs) often have private practices and provide couples therapy in addition to therapy for individuals and families.\\nPsychologists have PhDs and study major approaches to therapy, including cognitive, behavioral, humanistic and psycho dynamic approaches, and work with individuals experiencing depression and other illnesses. Psychologists conduct psychological tests and provide talk therapy to their patients, but in most cases can't prescribe medications or other medical interventions.\\nPsychiatrists are actually medical doctors who study psychiatry after finishing medical school. Psychiatrists conduct medical tests, prescribe medications and work with primary physicians and other psychotherapists to devise a course of treatment for their patients.\\n1-2. Talk to therapists.\\nIf you're deciding which type of therapy will be the right fit for you, conduct research by talking with therapists who have chosen a variety of different career paths.\\nDifferent types of therapists have different strengths and skill sets. Psychologists, for example, spend time conducting research on different types of therapy. Social workers often enter intense situations and serve as mediators between upset parties. Shadow different therapists to decide what's right for you.\\nAsk therapists about the educational paths they took to get to their positions.\\n1-3. Begin crafting a plan for a career in therapy.\\nSome degrees take many years to pursue, and it takes extra time to find the right job and build a practice. As soon as you know the general area that interests you, lay out a plan for yourself.\\nGet a college degree. No matter what type of therapy you decide to pursue, you'll need to start with a bachelor's degree. Consider majoring in psychology, and study both the sciences and the humanities, since both areas play into the work of a therapist.\\nIf you know exactly what graduate program you want to pursue, make sure you take all the prerequisite courses.\\n2. Educational Requirements for Therapists\\n2-1. Earn a graduate degree.\\nApply to graduate programs that will prepare you for the career you have chosen. Complete either a master's or PhD program.\\nMost programs will include classroom work, research, fieldwork and supervised psychotherapy.\\nKeep your career goals in mind as you pursue your degree. Choose classes that will help you learn as much as possible about the type of therapy in which you plan to specialize.\\n2-2. Get clinical experience.\\nThe requirements for clinical experience vary according to the degree you obtain, but in most cases two years of experience working as a therapist in a clinic or private practice is mandatory before you can become a licensed.\\nThe experience must be at a postgraduate level and take place under a licensed therapist's supervision.\\nClinical requirements are much more rigorous for people pursuing psychology and psychiatry.\\n2-3. Get licensed.\\nMost states require that therapists pass a licensing exam in addition to obtaining a master's degree and at least two years of clinical experience.\\nResearch the exam requirements in your state in order to prepare for the exam and pass it.\\nRenew your license every year according to the laws of your state.\\n3. Finding a Job as a Therapist\\n3-1. Work for an institution.\\nLook at job listings for candidates with your education level and experience at schools, public health clinics, hospitals, and other places that hire therapists.\\n3-2. Work as part of a group practice.\\nMany therapists share office space in collectives, using their different areas of expertise to serve the needs of a community of clients. Research collectives in your area and contact them to find out if you might join them.\\n3-3. Start your own practice.\\nAs you build confidence and form relationships with clients, you may want to start an independent practice. Rent office space in a building or meet with clients in your home.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Do you feel called to become a therapist? Therapists enrich people's lives by helping them them cope with situational distress, depression and anxiety, and mental illness. There are many paths open to people who want to pursue a career in therapy; some people might specialize in an area like marriage and family counseling, others choose to go into social work, and still others hold positions in schools and other institutions. Learn about different types of therapists, educational requirements for becoming one, and how to start a therapy career.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understanding the Psychotherapy Field\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know the available opportunities.\", \"描述\": \"Therapists share in common the will to help people by providing them with council, but there are many different jobs that fall under this umbrella. Consider the following therapy-related positions:\\nCounselors help specific populations in places like schools and churches. A counselor does not need specific training to establish a practice, but most do take specific courses to earn credentials.\\nSocial workers have master's degrees and are typically employed by agencies to work with individuals or families requiring counseling. Some social workers specialize in counseling children.\\nMarriage and Family Therapists (MFTs) often have private practices and provide couples therapy in addition to therapy for individuals and families.\\nPsychologists have PhDs and study major approaches to therapy, including cognitive, behavioral, humanistic and psycho dynamic approaches, and work with individuals experiencing depression and other illnesses. Psychologists conduct psychological tests and provide talk therapy to their patients, but in most cases can't prescribe medications or other medical interventions.\\nPsychiatrists are actually medical doctors who study psychiatry after finishing medical school. Psychiatrists conduct medical tests, prescribe medications and work with primary physicians and other psychotherapists to devise a course of treatment for their patients.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Talk to therapists.\", \"描述\": \"If you're deciding which type of therapy will be the right fit for you, conduct research by talking with therapists who have chosen a variety of different career paths.\\nDifferent types of therapists have different strengths and skill sets. Psychologists, for example, spend time conducting research on different types of therapy. Social workers often enter intense situations and serve as mediators between upset parties. Shadow different therapists to decide what's right for you.\\nAsk therapists about the educational paths they took to get to their positions.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Begin crafting a plan for a career in therapy.\", \"描述\": \"Some degrees take many years to pursue, and it takes extra time to find the right job and build a practice. As soon as you know the general area that interests you, lay out a plan for yourself.\\nGet a college degree. No matter what type of therapy you decide to pursue, you'll need to start with a bachelor's degree. Consider majoring in psychology, and study both the sciences and the humanities, since both areas play into the work of a therapist.\\nIf you know exactly what graduate program you want to pursue, make sure you take all the prerequisite courses.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Educational Requirements for Therapists\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Earn a graduate degree.\", \"描述\": \"Apply to graduate programs that will prepare you for the career you have chosen. Complete either a master's or PhD program.\\nMost programs will include classroom work, research, fieldwork and supervised psychotherapy.\\nKeep your career goals in mind as you pursue your degree. Choose classes that will help you learn as much as possible about the type of therapy in which you plan to specialize.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get clinical experience.\", \"描述\": \"The requirements for clinical experience vary according to the degree you obtain, but in most cases two years of experience working as a therapist in a clinic or private practice is mandatory before you can become a licensed.\\nThe experience must be at a postgraduate level and take place under a licensed therapist's supervision.\\nClinical requirements are much more rigorous for people pursuing psychology and psychiatry.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get licensed.\", \"描述\": \"Most states require that therapists pass a licensing exam in addition to obtaining a master's degree and at least two years of clinical experience.\\nResearch the exam requirements in your state in order to prepare for the exam and pass it.\\nRenew your license every year according to the laws of your state.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finding a Job as a Therapist\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work for an institution.\", \"描述\": \"Look at job listings for candidates with your education level and experience at schools, public health clinics, hospitals, and other places that hire therapists.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Work as part of a group practice.\", \"描述\": \"Many therapists share office space in collectives, using their different areas of expertise to serve the needs of a community of clients. Research collectives in your area and contact them to find out if you might join them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Start your own practice.\", \"描述\": \"As you build confidence and form relationships with clients, you may want to start an independent practice. Rent office space in a building or meet with clients in your home.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,824 |
How to Become a Tool and Die Maker
|
1. Steps
1-1. Master basic math.
Understand addition, subtraction, and division. A little shop trigonometry is good for calculating bolt circles and finding the length of triangles. Some basic algebra can also be handy for applying handbook formulas.
1-2. Learn computer drafting.
Suitable skills are included in vocational and technical schools' machining programs. Learn to create and interpret mechanical drawings.
1-3. Enter an apprenticeship program at a tool and die shop while in high school if possible.
As an apprentice, you will do simple tasks like drilling, deburring, and sweeping in the beginning. The tasks will become more challenging as time goes on. You will learn the lathe, mill and surface grinder. Apprenticeships typically last 2 to 4 years.
1-4. Study machine tool technology at a good vocational trade school.
Programs vary from school to school. Make sure you are studying at one that has various machines to learn from. A wire EDM (electrostatic discharge machining) tool would be nice. Also, make sure they have good CNC (computer numerically controlled) programming courses. Try to get hands-on experience in a shop rather than studying only in a classroom. The heart of your education will be in the types of projects you will be making in the course. A typical machine tool technology program will last two years.
1-5. Get a copy of the Machinery Handbook and refer to it often.
This is an excellent reference for answering any machining problem.
1-6. Buy a set of good high quality precision tools like 1-−2–3 inch (−5.1–7.6 cm) micrometers, and a square set, along with a 7- or 11-drawer machinists toolbox.
An electronic caliper is a plus also.
Try to stay away from generic tools because these seem to be less durable. Instead, invest in high quality tools like Starrett and Mitutoyo, top names in the trade.
If money is tight, obtain tools gradually, as you need them, over time, until you have your own set. Get the ones you need most first.
1-7. Once you land a job, focus on gaining experience.
Learn from veteran tool and die makers. They can and often do share many tips they have learned over the years.
1-8. Talk with other tool and die makers on the internet in various discussion forums especially concerning CNC programming.
1-9. Read metalworking trade publications in your spare time.
1-10. If you want to further your career in the tool and die trade, you may want to move into supervision or teaching.
A Bachelor's degree in almost any field along with tool and die experience would be very beneficial in obtaining a supervisor's job in manufacturing and/or teaching.
Tips
Learn all you can about various machines and manufacturing processes work.
While knowing how to use the lathe, milling machine, and surface grinder is a must, also learn other types of machinery to make tools such as wire and carbon EDM, OD/ID grinders, TIG and MIG welding, and CNC lathes and mills.
Learn a good CAD program that you can use for designing. While AutoCAD is still useful, versatility is greater in 3d modeling software such as Autodesk Inventor, Pro/Engineer, and Solidworks.
Warnings
Always think of safety first in a machine shop.
Know proper safety precautions and use good common sense when using a machine. It can maim if used carelessly.
Be extremely careful in this trade. Proper safety glasses are a must to prevent eye injury. Always wear safety glasses when entering a Tool and Die Shop.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:57",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Master basic math.\\nUnderstand addition, subtraction, and division. A little shop trigonometry is good for calculating bolt circles and finding the length of triangles. Some basic algebra can also be handy for applying handbook formulas.\\n1-2. Learn computer drafting.\\nSuitable skills are included in vocational and technical schools' machining programs. Learn to create and interpret mechanical drawings.\\n1-3. Enter an apprenticeship program at a tool and die shop while in high school if possible.\\nAs an apprentice, you will do simple tasks like drilling, deburring, and sweeping in the beginning. The tasks will become more challenging as time goes on. You will learn the lathe, mill and surface grinder. Apprenticeships typically last 2 to 4 years.\\n1-4. Study machine tool technology at a good vocational trade school.\\nPrograms vary from school to school. Make sure you are studying at one that has various machines to learn from. A wire EDM (electrostatic discharge machining) tool would be nice. Also, make sure they have good CNC (computer numerically controlled) programming courses. Try to get hands-on experience in a shop rather than studying only in a classroom. The heart of your education will be in the types of projects you will be making in the course. A typical machine tool technology program will last two years.\\n1-5. Get a copy of the Machinery Handbook and refer to it often.\\nThis is an excellent reference for answering any machining problem.\\n1-6. Buy a set of good high quality precision tools like 1-−2–3 inch (−5.1–7.6 cm) micrometers, and a square set, along with a 7- or 11-drawer machinists toolbox.\\nAn electronic caliper is a plus also.\\nTry to stay away from generic tools because these seem to be less durable. Instead, invest in high quality tools like Starrett and Mitutoyo, top names in the trade.\\nIf money is tight, obtain tools gradually, as you need them, over time, until you have your own set. Get the ones you need most first.\\n1-7. Once you land a job, focus on gaining experience.\\nLearn from veteran tool and die makers. They can and often do share many tips they have learned over the years.\\n1-8. Talk with other tool and die makers on the internet in various discussion forums especially concerning CNC programming.\\n\\n1-9. Read metalworking trade publications in your spare time.\\n\\n1-10. If you want to further your career in the tool and die trade, you may want to move into supervision or teaching.\\nA Bachelor's degree in almost any field along with tool and die experience would be very beneficial in obtaining a supervisor's job in manufacturing and/or teaching.\\nTips\\nLearn all you can about various machines and manufacturing processes work.\\nWhile knowing how to use the lathe, milling machine, and surface grinder is a must, also learn other types of machinery to make tools such as wire and carbon EDM, OD/ID grinders, TIG and MIG welding, and CNC lathes and mills.\\nLearn a good CAD program that you can use for designing. While AutoCAD is still useful, versatility is greater in 3d modeling software such as Autodesk Inventor, Pro/Engineer, and Solidworks.\\nWarnings\\nAlways think of safety first in a machine shop.\\nKnow proper safety precautions and use good common sense when using a machine. It can maim if used carelessly.\\nBe extremely careful in this trade. Proper safety glasses are a must to prevent eye injury. Always wear safety glasses when entering a Tool and Die Shop.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Tool and die makers are at the top of the ladder in the metalworking trades. They are very versatile in using their hands for creating parts as well as machines to produce high precision parts. Their abilities go beyond that of the typical machinist. They are capable of designing and fabricating tools with no supervision. With these skills, tool and die makers are a tremendous asset in any manufacturing facility.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Master basic math.\", \"描述\": \"Understand addition, subtraction, and division. A little shop trigonometry is good for calculating bolt circles and finding the length of triangles. Some basic algebra can also be handy for applying handbook formulas.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn computer drafting.\", \"描述\": \"Suitable skills are included in vocational and technical schools' machining programs. Learn to create and interpret mechanical drawings.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Enter an apprenticeship program at a tool and die shop while in high school if possible.\", \"描述\": \"As an apprentice, you will do simple tasks like drilling, deburring, and sweeping in the beginning. The tasks will become more challenging as time goes on. You will learn the lathe, mill and surface grinder. Apprenticeships typically last 2 to 4 years.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Study machine tool technology at a good vocational trade school.\", \"描述\": \"Programs vary from school to school. Make sure you are studying at one that has various machines to learn from. A wire EDM (electrostatic discharge machining) tool would be nice. Also, make sure they have good CNC (computer numerically controlled) programming courses. Try to get hands-on experience in a shop rather than studying only in a classroom. The heart of your education will be in the types of projects you will be making in the course. A typical machine tool technology program will last two years.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get a copy of the Machinery Handbook and refer to it often.\", \"描述\": \"This is an excellent reference for answering any machining problem.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Buy a set of good high quality precision tools like 1-−2–3 inch (−5.1–7.6 cm) micrometers, and a square set, along with a 7- or 11-drawer machinists toolbox.\", \"描述\": \"An electronic caliper is a plus also.\\nTry to stay away from generic tools because these seem to be less durable. Instead, invest in high quality tools like Starrett and Mitutoyo, top names in the trade.\\nIf money is tight, obtain tools gradually, as you need them, over time, until you have your own set. Get the ones you need most first.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Once you land a job, focus on gaining experience.\", \"描述\": \"Learn from veteran tool and die makers. They can and often do share many tips they have learned over the years.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Talk with other tool and die makers on the internet in various discussion forums especially concerning CNC programming.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Read metalworking trade publications in your spare time.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"If you want to further your career in the tool and die trade, you may want to move into supervision or teaching.\", \"描述\": \"A Bachelor's degree in almost any field along with tool and die experience would be very beneficial in obtaining a supervisor's job in manufacturing and/or teaching.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Learn all you can about various machines and manufacturing processes work.\\n\", \"While knowing how to use the lathe, milling machine, and surface grinder is a must, also learn other types of machinery to make tools such as wire and carbon EDM, OD/ID grinders, TIG and MIG welding, and CNC lathes and mills.\\n\", \"Learn a good CAD program that you can use for designing. While AutoCAD is still useful, versatility is greater in 3d modeling software such as Autodesk Inventor, Pro/Engineer, and Solidworks.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Always think of safety first in a machine shop.\\n\", \"Know proper safety precautions and use good common sense when using a machine. It can maim if used carelessly.\\n\", \"Be extremely careful in this trade. Proper safety glasses are a must to prevent eye injury. Always wear safety glasses when entering a Tool and Die Shop.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,825 |
How to Become a Top Dasher: Explaining This DoorDash Perk
|
1. Top Dasher Requirements
1-1. Customer rating of 4.7 or above
Top Dashers must have a high customer rating, and a 4.7 is the minimum you can get to become a Top Dasher. Get good rating on DoorDash by delivering food quickly and staying in contact with the customer.
If your score falls below 4.2, DoorDash will no longer allow you to be a driver.
1-2. Acceptance rate of 70% or higher
Every time you accept an order, you get a little bit closer to that Top Dasher rating. If you accept more than 70% of your orders, you can qualify for the program.
Keep in mind that this even means accepting orders that are small or that may not tip well.
1-3. Completion rate of at least 95%
Normal DoorDashers only need a competition rate of 80% to stay on the app. For Top Dashers, that rate goes up to 95% or higher.
1-4. 100 completed deliveries during the last month
DoorDash rewards drivers who work a lot, and the Top Dasher program rewards them even more. If you’ve done at least 100 deliveries within the past 30 days, you can qualify for the Top Dasher program.
1-5. At least 200 lifetime completed deliveries
The Top Dasher program is there for drivers who have been around long-term. In order to qualify, you need to have completed at least 200 orders during your time on the app.
2. How does the program work?
Meet the requirements by the end of the month to be a Top Dasher next month.
Top Dasher points are awarded on the second day of each month. If you meet the requirements at 11:59 PM on the last day of the month, you’ll have Top Dasher status for the next month.
To re-qualify for the program, simply meet the requirements again next month.
3. Top Dasher Benefits
Use “Dash Now” anytime you want.
Regular DoorDashers will continue to have to schedule their time on the road. As a Top Dasher, you can “Dash Now” at any time, even when it’s not busy. This means that anytime you’re ready to hit the road, you can simply use the “Dash Now” button to get started. Usually, the “Dash Now” button is only available when DoorDash is very busy.
DoorDash still recommends scheduling your time to avoid too many Dashers on the road at once, but that’s up to you.
Becoming a Top Dasher may also give you slight priority over other Dashers when it comes to assigning orders. However, that’s not a noted perk on the DoorDash website.
4. Is it worth it to become a Top Dasher?
If “Dash Now” is a useful feature for you, then yes, it’s worth it.
Since the “Dash Now” perk is the only real benefit of becoming a Top Dasher, if you like “Dash Now,” then it’s a worthy goal. However, if you prefer to schedule your drive time anyway, it might not be for you.
Some people find that the requirements for Top Dasher are too strict and hard to attain. For instance, declining a $3 order with no tip will count against your acceptance rate, potentially lowering your score.
Tips
Top Dasher is a DoorDash program, and DoorDash can modify the requirements or benefits at any time.[8]
X
Research source
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:57",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Top Dasher Requirements\\n1-1. Customer rating of 4.7 or above\\nTop Dashers must have a high customer rating, and a 4.7 is the minimum you can get to become a Top Dasher. Get good rating on DoorDash by delivering food quickly and staying in contact with the customer.\\nIf your score falls below 4.2, DoorDash will no longer allow you to be a driver.\\n1-2. Acceptance rate of 70% or higher\\nEvery time you accept an order, you get a little bit closer to that Top Dasher rating. If you accept more than 70% of your orders, you can qualify for the program.\\nKeep in mind that this even means accepting orders that are small or that may not tip well.\\n1-3. Completion rate of at least 95%\\nNormal DoorDashers only need a competition rate of 80% to stay on the app. For Top Dashers, that rate goes up to 95% or higher.\\n1-4. 100 completed deliveries during the last month\\nDoorDash rewards drivers who work a lot, and the Top Dasher program rewards them even more. If you’ve done at least 100 deliveries within the past 30 days, you can qualify for the Top Dasher program.\\n1-5. At least 200 lifetime completed deliveries\\nThe Top Dasher program is there for drivers who have been around long-term. In order to qualify, you need to have completed at least 200 orders during your time on the app.\\n2. How does the program work?\\nMeet the requirements by the end of the month to be a Top Dasher next month.\\nTop Dasher points are awarded on the second day of each month. If you meet the requirements at 11:59 PM on the last day of the month, you’ll have Top Dasher status for the next month.\\nTo re-qualify for the program, simply meet the requirements again next month.\\n3. Top Dasher Benefits\\nUse “Dash Now” anytime you want.\\nRegular DoorDashers will continue to have to schedule their time on the road. As a Top Dasher, you can “Dash Now” at any time, even when it’s not busy. This means that anytime you’re ready to hit the road, you can simply use the “Dash Now” button to get started. Usually, the “Dash Now” button is only available when DoorDash is very busy.\\nDoorDash still recommends scheduling your time to avoid too many Dashers on the road at once, but that’s up to you.\\nBecoming a Top Dasher may also give you slight priority over other Dashers when it comes to assigning orders. However, that’s not a noted perk on the DoorDash website.\\n4. Is it worth it to become a Top Dasher?\\nIf “Dash Now” is a useful feature for you, then yes, it’s worth it.\\nSince the “Dash Now” perk is the only real benefit of becoming a Top Dasher, if you like “Dash Now,” then it’s a worthy goal. However, if you prefer to schedule your drive time anyway, it might not be for you.\\nSome people find that the requirements for Top Dasher are too strict and hard to attain. For instance, declining a $3 order with no tip will count against your acceptance rate, potentially lowering your score.\\nTips\\nTop Dasher is a DoorDash program, and DoorDash can modify the requirements or benefits at any time.[8]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Ready to take your DoorDash driving to the next level? Becoming a Top Dasher is a great way to prove just how good you are at your job (and get some sweet benefits, too). If you want to learn more about this program and who’s qualified, we’ve got you covered: we’ll share everything you need to know about becoming a Top Dasher so you can decide if you want to try and become one.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Top Dasher Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Customer rating of 4.7 or above\", \"描述\": \"Top Dashers must have a high customer rating, and a 4.7 is the minimum you can get to become a Top Dasher. Get good rating on DoorDash by delivering food quickly and staying in contact with the customer.\\nIf your score falls below 4.2, DoorDash will no longer allow you to be a driver.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Acceptance rate of 70% or higher\", \"描述\": \"Every time you accept an order, you get a little bit closer to that Top Dasher rating. If you accept more than 70% of your orders, you can qualify for the program.\\nKeep in mind that this even means accepting orders that are small or that may not tip well.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Completion rate of at least 95%\", \"描述\": \"Normal DoorDashers only need a competition rate of 80% to stay on the app. For Top Dashers, that rate goes up to 95% or higher.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"100 completed deliveries during the last month\", \"描述\": \"DoorDash rewards drivers who work a lot, and the Top Dasher program rewards them even more. If you’ve done at least 100 deliveries within the past 30 days, you can qualify for the Top Dasher program.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"At least 200 lifetime completed deliveries\", \"描述\": \"The Top Dasher program is there for drivers who have been around long-term. In order to qualify, you need to have completed at least 200 orders during your time on the app.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"How does the program work?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meet the requirements by the end of the month to be a Top Dasher next month.\", \"描述\": \"Top Dasher points are awarded on the second day of each month. If you meet the requirements at 11:59 PM on the last day of the month, you’ll have Top Dasher status for the next month.\\nTo re-qualify for the program, simply meet the requirements again next month.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Top Dasher Benefits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use “Dash Now” anytime you want.\", \"描述\": \"Regular DoorDashers will continue to have to schedule their time on the road. As a Top Dasher, you can “Dash Now” at any time, even when it’s not busy. This means that anytime you’re ready to hit the road, you can simply use the “Dash Now” button to get started. Usually, the “Dash Now” button is only available when DoorDash is very busy.\\nDoorDash still recommends scheduling your time to avoid too many Dashers on the road at once, but that’s up to you.\\nBecoming a Top Dasher may also give you slight priority over other Dashers when it comes to assigning orders. However, that’s not a noted perk on the DoorDash website.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Is it worth it to become a Top Dasher?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If “Dash Now” is a useful feature for you, then yes, it’s worth it.\", \"描述\": \"Since the “Dash Now” perk is the only real benefit of becoming a Top Dasher, if you like “Dash Now,” then it’s a worthy goal. However, if you prefer to schedule your drive time anyway, it might not be for you.\\nSome people find that the requirements for Top Dasher are too strict and hard to attain. For instance, declining a $3 order with no tip will count against your acceptance rate, potentially lowering your score.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Top Dasher is a DoorDash program, and DoorDash can modify the requirements or benefits at any time.[8]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,826 |
How to Become a Top Writer on Medium - Your Top Questions Answered
|
1. What does it mean to be a Top Writer?
1-1. Top Writers are officially designated by Medium as being an authority in a certain category.
When a writer receives Top Writer status, they will receive an email from Medium congratulating them on becoming a Top Writer on a certain topic. Top Writer's articles are featured on category pages and recommended to readers more often.
1-2. There is no limit to the number of Top Writers.
The good news is that there aren’t a limited number of Top Writers on Medium. Anyone can become a Top Writer if they meet the requirements. It will take commitment and dedication to your craft, but we've listed a few steps you can take to earn the title!
2. How Do I Become a Top Writer?
2-1. Determine a clear area of expertise.
Because Medium designates Top Writers for different topics, you'll want to think about a topic you can cover with authority. You can get creative and diversify your writing as your following grows, but you will want to start your Medium blog by writing about a topic you know very well.
2-2. Consult the tags on other Top Writer's sites.
Tags are listed at the bottom of an article, and are used to label articles according to topic or area of interest. Identify a tag that resonates with your chosen area of expertise, and write articles using that tag as much as possible.
Tags are how Medium identifies the topic for which you will be a Top Writer. Consider finding tags that are less popular, or have less than 50 Top Writers already. You can see who else writes under a tag by clicking on it. Or, use this link for a complete list of tags with Top Writer status: [1]
3. What topics do well on Medium?
Medium's most popular topics include Entrepreneurship, Life Lessons, Poetry, and Design.
Fortunately, an even wider variety of topics can still excel on Medium. Some other popular categories include:
Startups
Political Commentary
Cultural Critiques
Technology
Health
Personal Essays
4. How do I start writing on Medium?
4-1. Make an account and consider joining the Medium Partner Program.
It's free to make an account on Medium and publish articles.
Your articles are more likely to be recommended to readers and accepted to publications if you become a member and join the Medium Partner Program. Partner Program members are able to earn money on their articles by linking a bank account or debit card with a third-party service called Stripe.
Joining the Partner Program is free, but you must have at least 100 followers on Medium, and have published at least one article on the site.
4-2. Take a Medium writing course.
There are lots of free professional, online courses to help you become a better writer and teach you how to navigate Medium. You can take a course specialized for Medium or one more focused on writing.
If you’re planning to primarily publish on Medium, taking a course specialized for this platform may be more worthwhile than a general writing course.
You can also take courses from current Top Writers to learn their tips and tricks to become a Top Writer. Many top writers include call to actions to sign up for their free Medium writing email courses in their bios and at the end of their articles.
5. What are the perks of being a Top Writer?
5-1. The Top Writer tag will appear on your profile.
This tells readers that you are a trusted voice on your chosen topics. There are a couple of main reasons you want this title. As a Top Writer, you can shift perspectives and offer new thoughts on your topics as a validated, trusted source.
5-2. Earn more money.
Since Top Writer status is essentially Medium’s official stamp of approval, Top Writers typically attract more followers and more reads, which means they can earn more revenue from their articles.
5-3. Expand Your Writing Circle.
A Top Writer designation will not only identify you as a verified resource on the topic you’re writing about, but it could also open up other writing opportunities to collaborate with other publications or writers.
6. How often should I write new articles?
Try to publish at least 2-3 articles per week.
This is probably the most important piece of advice on this list. If you’re only producing content every month or so, it will be extremely difficult to gain any notoriety or consistent readership.
Brainstorm headlines, outline your articles and then write your first draft. It's easier to edit than to write a perfect article from scratch, so don't agonize over every word. You've got this!
7. How can I make my Medium articles easier to find?
7-1. Add tags to your work.
In addition to your main interest area, consider what search terms or keywords might lead a reader to your work.
Medium provides suggestions for adding tags based on your topic and popular searches.
Make sure your tags relate to your pieces but also have a substantial amount of followers. You can find a list of popular tags along with their follower counts on Medium’s website.
7-2. Publish consistently in the same topic or category.
Top Writers are designated by category. You should try to publish consistently in the same tags to achieve Top Writer status for that topic.
While you can tag your article with whatever terms you'd like, not all tags are eligible for Top Writer status. A few tags that are eligible include Money, Productivity, Finance, and Self-Improvement.
8. Do I need to publish articles in Medium publications?
Medium publications are the most effective way to grow your readership.
Medium publications are a shared landing page of articles centered on a specific topic. They are a great way for readers to discover your writing since people can choose to follow a specific publication.
Often, publications have greater reach than individual writers and are trusted sources of information. Getting your work accepted to a publication will add to your article's authority and credibility.
9. How should I format my articles?
9-1. Use headings, subheadings, and bullet points to break up your article.
Focus on readability!
9-2. Use images sparingly.
Typically, just one picture at the top of your article will suffice, but you may want to use 1-2 more as a visual break, depending on the overall length of your piece.
9-3. Use shorter paragraphs whenever possible.
Long paragraphs without any visual breaks do not perform as well.
Publications will have specific formatting instructions. If you're submitting an article to a publication, be sure to research the publisher's formatting requirements. Most publications list their requirements on a "Submit Your Story" or "Write For Us" tab on their publication homepage.
Almost every publication will require titles to be written in Title Case and subtitles to be written in sentence case. There are lots of free tools online that will automatically format your titles correctly.
10. Can my Medium articles get indexed on Google Search?
10-1. Articles that align with Medium's mission will be accessible on Google search.
Being featured in Google search means an article has been "indexed." Being indexed means that more readers will be able to find your account and stories through Google search, not just on Medium.
It can take time to reach the reader threshold to be indexed in Google search. Produce your best, most meaningful work, and avoid clickbait and spam content to improve your chances of having your work indexed on search.
10-2. Medium discourages content that is focused solely on SEO.
SEO or "search engine optimization" is the practice of improving the quality of writing with the goal of ranking higher in search gaining more traffic to your webpage..
Medium may consider hyper SEO-focused content as spam or clickbait, especially if it does not actively contribute to their mission of sharing independent, genuine thought. Be wary of "keyword-stuffing" your articles.
10-3. Becoming a Top Writer on Medium is not an impossible task.
If you are dedicated to the process of earning the title, you'll get there! Be patient and trust your abilities and your readers and Medium will react in kind.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:57",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. What does it mean to be a Top Writer?\\n1-1. Top Writers are officially designated by Medium as being an authority in a certain category.\\nWhen a writer receives Top Writer status, they will receive an email from Medium congratulating them on becoming a Top Writer on a certain topic. Top Writer's articles are featured on category pages and recommended to readers more often.\\n1-2. There is no limit to the number of Top Writers.\\nThe good news is that there aren’t a limited number of Top Writers on Medium. Anyone can become a Top Writer if they meet the requirements. It will take commitment and dedication to your craft, but we've listed a few steps you can take to earn the title!\\n2. How Do I Become a Top Writer?\\n2-1. Determine a clear area of expertise.\\nBecause Medium designates Top Writers for different topics, you'll want to think about a topic you can cover with authority. You can get creative and diversify your writing as your following grows, but you will want to start your Medium blog by writing about a topic you know very well.\\n2-2. Consult the tags on other Top Writer's sites.\\nTags are listed at the bottom of an article, and are used to label articles according to topic or area of interest. Identify a tag that resonates with your chosen area of expertise, and write articles using that tag as much as possible.\\nTags are how Medium identifies the topic for which you will be a Top Writer. Consider finding tags that are less popular, or have less than 50 Top Writers already. You can see who else writes under a tag by clicking on it. Or, use this link for a complete list of tags with Top Writer status: [1]\\n3. What topics do well on Medium?\\nMedium's most popular topics include Entrepreneurship, Life Lessons, Poetry, and Design.\\nFortunately, an even wider variety of topics can still excel on Medium. Some other popular categories include:\\nStartups\\nPolitical Commentary\\nCultural Critiques\\nTechnology\\nHealth\\nPersonal Essays\\n4. How do I start writing on Medium?\\n4-1. Make an account and consider joining the Medium Partner Program.\\nIt's free to make an account on Medium and publish articles.\\nYour articles are more likely to be recommended to readers and accepted to publications if you become a member and join the Medium Partner Program. Partner Program members are able to earn money on their articles by linking a bank account or debit card with a third-party service called Stripe.\\nJoining the Partner Program is free, but you must have at least 100 followers on Medium, and have published at least one article on the site.\\n4-2. Take a Medium writing course.\\nThere are lots of free professional, online courses to help you become a better writer and teach you how to navigate Medium. You can take a course specialized for Medium or one more focused on writing.\\nIf you’re planning to primarily publish on Medium, taking a course specialized for this platform may be more worthwhile than a general writing course.\\nYou can also take courses from current Top Writers to learn their tips and tricks to become a Top Writer. Many top writers include call to actions to sign up for their free Medium writing email courses in their bios and at the end of their articles.\\n5. What are the perks of being a Top Writer?\\n5-1. The Top Writer tag will appear on your profile.\\nThis tells readers that you are a trusted voice on your chosen topics. There are a couple of main reasons you want this title. As a Top Writer, you can shift perspectives and offer new thoughts on your topics as a validated, trusted source.\\n5-2. Earn more money.\\nSince Top Writer status is essentially Medium’s official stamp of approval, Top Writers typically attract more followers and more reads, which means they can earn more revenue from their articles.\\n5-3. Expand Your Writing Circle.\\nA Top Writer designation will not only identify you as a verified resource on the topic you’re writing about, but it could also open up other writing opportunities to collaborate with other publications or writers.\\n6. How often should I write new articles?\\nTry to publish at least 2-3 articles per week.\\nThis is probably the most important piece of advice on this list. If you’re only producing content every month or so, it will be extremely difficult to gain any notoriety or consistent readership.\\nBrainstorm headlines, outline your articles and then write your first draft. It's easier to edit than to write a perfect article from scratch, so don't agonize over every word. You've got this!\\n7. How can I make my Medium articles easier to find?\\n7-1. Add tags to your work.\\nIn addition to your main interest area, consider what search terms or keywords might lead a reader to your work.\\nMedium provides suggestions for adding tags based on your topic and popular searches. \\nMake sure your tags relate to your pieces but also have a substantial amount of followers. You can find a list of popular tags along with their follower counts on Medium’s website.\\n7-2. Publish consistently in the same topic or category.\\nTop Writers are designated by category. You should try to publish consistently in the same tags to achieve Top Writer status for that topic.\\nWhile you can tag your article with whatever terms you'd like, not all tags are eligible for Top Writer status. A few tags that are eligible include Money, Productivity, Finance, and Self-Improvement.\\n8. Do I need to publish articles in Medium publications?\\nMedium publications are the most effective way to grow your readership.\\nMedium publications are a shared landing page of articles centered on a specific topic. They are a great way for readers to discover your writing since people can choose to follow a specific publication.\\nOften, publications have greater reach than individual writers and are trusted sources of information. Getting your work accepted to a publication will add to your article's authority and credibility.\\n9. How should I format my articles?\\n9-1. Use headings, subheadings, and bullet points to break up your article.\\nFocus on readability!\\n9-2. Use images sparingly.\\nTypically, just one picture at the top of your article will suffice, but you may want to use 1-2 more as a visual break, depending on the overall length of your piece.\\n9-3. Use shorter paragraphs whenever possible.\\nLong paragraphs without any visual breaks do not perform as well.\\nPublications will have specific formatting instructions. If you're submitting an article to a publication, be sure to research the publisher's formatting requirements. Most publications list their requirements on a \\\"Submit Your Story\\\" or \\\"Write For Us\\\" tab on their publication homepage.\\nAlmost every publication will require titles to be written in Title Case and subtitles to be written in sentence case. There are lots of free tools online that will automatically format your titles correctly.\\n10. Can my Medium articles get indexed on Google Search?\\n10-1. Articles that align with Medium's mission will be accessible on Google search.\\nBeing featured in Google search means an article has been \\\"indexed.\\\" Being indexed means that more readers will be able to find your account and stories through Google search, not just on Medium.\\nIt can take time to reach the reader threshold to be indexed in Google search. Produce your best, most meaningful work, and avoid clickbait and spam content to improve your chances of having your work indexed on search.\\n10-2. Medium discourages content that is focused solely on SEO.\\nSEO or \\\"search engine optimization\\\" is the practice of improving the quality of writing with the goal of ranking higher in search gaining more traffic to your webpage..\\nMedium may consider hyper SEO-focused content as spam or clickbait, especially if it does not actively contribute to their mission of sharing independent, genuine thought. Be wary of \\\"keyword-stuffing\\\" your articles.\\n10-3. Becoming a Top Writer on Medium is not an impossible task.\\nIf you are dedicated to the process of earning the title, you'll get there! Be patient and trust your abilities and your readers and Medium will react in kind.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Medium is a place for writers to share their stories, thoughts, and musings in a community that values independent and unique perspectives. Without the distraction of outside advertisements or sponsorships, Medium focuses on substance and authenticity. Top Writer status on Medium is one of the best designations you can earn on the independent writing platform. We’ll go over the nuts and bolts of being a Top Writer and give you a few suggestions on how to earn the coveted title.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"What does it mean to be a Top Writer?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Top Writers are officially designated by Medium as being an authority in a certain category.\", \"描述\": \"When a writer receives Top Writer status, they will receive an email from Medium congratulating them on becoming a Top Writer on a certain topic. Top Writer's articles are featured on category pages and recommended to readers more often.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"There is no limit to the number of Top Writers.\", \"描述\": \"The good news is that there aren’t a limited number of Top Writers on Medium. Anyone can become a Top Writer if they meet the requirements. It will take commitment and dedication to your craft, but we've listed a few steps you can take to earn the title!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"How Do I Become a Top Writer?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine a clear area of expertise.\", \"描述\": \"Because Medium designates Top Writers for different topics, you'll want to think about a topic you can cover with authority. You can get creative and diversify your writing as your following grows, but you will want to start your Medium blog by writing about a topic you know very well.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consult the tags on other Top Writer's sites.\", \"描述\": \"Tags are listed at the bottom of an article, and are used to label articles according to topic or area of interest. Identify a tag that resonates with your chosen area of expertise, and write articles using that tag as much as possible.\\nTags are how Medium identifies the topic for which you will be a Top Writer. Consider finding tags that are less popular, or have less than 50 Top Writers already. You can see who else writes under a tag by clicking on it. Or, use this link for a complete list of tags with Top Writer status: [1]\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"What topics do well on Medium?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Medium's most popular topics include Entrepreneurship, Life Lessons, Poetry, and Design.\", \"描述\": \"Fortunately, an even wider variety of topics can still excel on Medium. Some other popular categories include:\\nStartups\\nPolitical Commentary\\nCultural Critiques\\nTechnology\\nHealth\\nPersonal Essays\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"How do I start writing on Medium?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make an account and consider joining the Medium Partner Program.\", \"描述\": \"It's free to make an account on Medium and publish articles.\\nYour articles are more likely to be recommended to readers and accepted to publications if you become a member and join the Medium Partner Program. Partner Program members are able to earn money on their articles by linking a bank account or debit card with a third-party service called Stripe.\\nJoining the Partner Program is free, but you must have at least 100 followers on Medium, and have published at least one article on the site.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take a Medium writing course.\", \"描述\": \"There are lots of free professional, online courses to help you become a better writer and teach you how to navigate Medium. You can take a course specialized for Medium or one more focused on writing.\\nIf you’re planning to primarily publish on Medium, taking a course specialized for this platform may be more worthwhile than a general writing course.\\nYou can also take courses from current Top Writers to learn their tips and tricks to become a Top Writer. Many top writers include call to actions to sign up for their free Medium writing email courses in their bios and at the end of their articles.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"What are the perks of being a Top Writer?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"The Top Writer tag will appear on your profile.\", \"描述\": \"This tells readers that you are a trusted voice on your chosen topics. There are a couple of main reasons you want this title. As a Top Writer, you can shift perspectives and offer new thoughts on your topics as a validated, trusted source.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Earn more money.\", \"描述\": \"Since Top Writer status is essentially Medium’s official stamp of approval, Top Writers typically attract more followers and more reads, which means they can earn more revenue from their articles.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Expand Your Writing Circle.\", \"描述\": \"A Top Writer designation will not only identify you as a verified resource on the topic you’re writing about, but it could also open up other writing opportunities to collaborate with other publications or writers.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"How often should I write new articles?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Try to publish at least 2-3 articles per week.\", \"描述\": \"This is probably the most important piece of advice on this list. If you’re only producing content every month or so, it will be extremely difficult to gain any notoriety or consistent readership.\\nBrainstorm headlines, outline your articles and then write your first draft. It's easier to edit than to write a perfect article from scratch, so don't agonize over every word. You've got this!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"How can I make my Medium articles easier to find?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Add tags to your work.\", \"描述\": \"In addition to your main interest area, consider what search terms or keywords might lead a reader to your work.\\nMedium provides suggestions for adding tags based on your topic and popular searches. \\nMake sure your tags relate to your pieces but also have a substantial amount of followers. You can find a list of popular tags along with their follower counts on Medium’s website.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Publish consistently in the same topic or category.\", \"描述\": \"Top Writers are designated by category. You should try to publish consistently in the same tags to achieve Top Writer status for that topic.\\nWhile you can tag your article with whatever terms you'd like, not all tags are eligible for Top Writer status. A few tags that are eligible include Money, Productivity, Finance, and Self-Improvement.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Do I need to publish articles in Medium publications?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Medium publications are the most effective way to grow your readership.\", \"描述\": \"Medium publications are a shared landing page of articles centered on a specific topic. They are a great way for readers to discover your writing since people can choose to follow a specific publication.\\nOften, publications have greater reach than individual writers and are trusted sources of information. Getting your work accepted to a publication will add to your article's authority and credibility.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"How should I format my articles?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use headings, subheadings, and bullet points to break up your article.\", \"描述\": \"Focus on readability!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use images sparingly.\", \"描述\": \"Typically, just one picture at the top of your article will suffice, but you may want to use 1-2 more as a visual break, depending on the overall length of your piece.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use shorter paragraphs whenever possible.\", \"描述\": \"Long paragraphs without any visual breaks do not perform as well.\\nPublications will have specific formatting instructions. If you're submitting an article to a publication, be sure to research the publisher's formatting requirements. Most publications list their requirements on a \\\"Submit Your Story\\\" or \\\"Write For Us\\\" tab on their publication homepage.\\nAlmost every publication will require titles to be written in Title Case and subtitles to be written in sentence case. There are lots of free tools online that will automatically format your titles correctly.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Can my Medium articles get indexed on Google Search?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Articles that align with Medium's mission will be accessible on Google search.\", \"描述\": \"Being featured in Google search means an article has been \\\"indexed.\\\" Being indexed means that more readers will be able to find your account and stories through Google search, not just on Medium.\\nIt can take time to reach the reader threshold to be indexed in Google search. Produce your best, most meaningful work, and avoid clickbait and spam content to improve your chances of having your work indexed on search.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Medium discourages content that is focused solely on SEO.\", \"描述\": \"SEO or \\\"search engine optimization\\\" is the practice of improving the quality of writing with the goal of ranking higher in search gaining more traffic to your webpage..\\nMedium may consider hyper SEO-focused content as spam or clickbait, especially if it does not actively contribute to their mission of sharing independent, genuine thought. Be wary of \\\"keyword-stuffing\\\" your articles.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Top Writer on Medium is not an impossible task.\", \"描述\": \"If you are dedicated to the process of earning the title, you'll get there! Be patient and trust your abilities and your readers and Medium will react in kind.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,827 |
How to Become a Tour Guide
|
1. Looking for Opportunities
1-1. Look online for a variety of job postings.
Tour guides work at parks, historic homes, sightseeing companies, cruise ships, and many other locations. Consider where you’d most enjoy working. Narrow your search to those types of positions.
To get started, enter something like “Be a tour guide on a cruise ship to the Caribbean” into your favorite search engine. You can then browse through tour guiding jobs with different companies, job requirements, and salaries.
1-2. Take tours to see which ones you like.
In order to decide where you want to work, attend a variety of tours. Go to museums and historic homes in your area and book a tour on a sightseeing bus. Make note of the pros and cons of different kinds of tour guide jobs.
You may need to space these tours out, as some could get expensive. Budget in one tour every two weeks or so. While you’re looking for jobs, go on tours instead of going out to eat or doing other fun activities.
Invite friends and family to take tours with you. They’ll be able to share their likes and dislikes with you, which will help you be a better guide once you find a job.
1-3. Take notes to record your thoughts about different tours.
When you go on tours, be sure to bring a notebook with you to keep track of your thoughts about the experiences. You can refer back to these notes later if you’re weighing different job offers. The notes may also help you develop your own tour guiding style.
1-4. Check out tour guide associations’ websites.
Many cities, countries, and regions have professional organizations of tour guides. These organizations help guides advance their careers and promote tour guiding as a positive aspect of international tourism. They can help you find educational opportunities, and they may point you in the direction of job openings.
For more information and to find a list of associations located around the world, visit: http://www.beabetterguide.com/tour-guide-associations/.
1-5. Visit your local travel agency to pick up brochures.
Travel agencies may partner up with local sightseeing companies for advertising. Take the brochures they keep in their office, and ask which companies they recommend to their clients most often. Contact the best companies using the information you find in the brochure and ask about openings.
Be aware that travel agents may tell you they love a certain company if the two are in a partnership together, even if they know the company has some issues. Be sure to do your own research by going online or visiting the company’s offices.
1-6. Contact major sightseeing companies in your area.
Especially if you live in a big city or even a larger town, there are probably sightseeing companies right down the road from you. Get in touch with these companies via email or phone and ask whether they’ve got openings. These local opportunities could be a great place for you to start your career as a guide.
You can also look online to see if the companies have open jobs, as many will list these positions on their websites.
If you’re hoping to become a tour guide to travel, this might not be your favorite option. Remember that doing work locally can help you build your resume and gain experience while staying in your comfort zone. You can always keep looking for travel-oriented jobs while you’re working!
2. Getting Hired
2-1. Pass any necessary exams for your area.
Many cities and countries require tour guides to pass exams before they can lead groups. Some sightseeing companies may require you to pass this exam before you even apply for positions. Search online to see if your area requires you to take a licensing examination, and then pay necessary fees to register for the test.
You can also look online to find details about the test, study guides, and registration information. Enter something like “Professional licensing examination for sightseeing guides in New York City” to find everything you need to prepare for and take the test.
Take the exam seriously. If you fail, you’ll need to pay the fee again!
2-2. Get training to gain experience and contacts.
Professional tour guide associations and groups like the International Guide Academy in Denver, Colorado offer classes to professionalize guides. These classes teach public speaking, tourism and travel industry terminology, leadership and teamwork, and other skills valuable to tour guides. They’ll give you a certification when you complete their programs.
Be sure to register for courses meant for tour guides rather than tour directors. Tour directors are responsible for logistics and management, while guides lead groups and provide narration about places the group visits.
These programs are great for meeting people in the field. Your teachers, in particular, could connect you with people they know are looking for guides.
2-3. Take classes in relevant fields to expand your knowledge.
If you live near a local university or community college, check out the course listings. If there are offerings in linguistics, leadership, hospitality, and/or tourism, register. These courses will improve your resume and up your chances of getting a job as a guide.
Be sure you have the time and money to dedicate to the classes. If you’re currently working a full-time job, look into taking night classes.
2-4. Get a hospitality or tourism degree if you can afford it.
While a degree like this won’t guarantee you a job as a guide, it’ll show your potential employers that you’ve got some basic skills in the field. If you’re currently a college or university student and you know you want to be a guide, this could be a great degree option for you.
2-5. Apply for positions online or in person.
Once you’ve chosen a few different companies that you’d like to work for, fill out their applications by going online or picking up a paper application from the company. You’ll need to provide your contact information, employment history, a few good references, and a resume.
Most reputable companies will run a background check before hiring you.
If they like your application, most companies will contact you for one to two follow-up interviews before hiring you.
2-6. Be prepared to answer tailored application questions.
Tour guiding companies will want your application to show that you’re ready to be a tour guide. Their questions may be designed to see how you’ll handle crises, to check if your personality is right for guiding, and to make sure you’re excited to be a tour guide.
These questions could be things like, “What would you do if the bus broke down?” or “What makes you excited to be a tour guide with us?”
2-7. Accept the best offer you receive.
If you’re lucky enough to receive multiple offers, make a pros and cons list. Consider the locations, work hours, and salaries. Decide which job provides the best balance of fun and financially practical, and go for it!
3. Meeting the Challenges
3-1. Embrace being around people when you’re working.
Being a tour guide means you need to be a people person. Be prepared to answer questions constantly, handle difficult personalities, and herd groups of people around interesting sites and locations. You’ll need to be cheerful and upbeat whenever you’re on the job.
You may want to schedule alone time during your days off to balance out your work schedule.
3-2. Absorb and memorize lots of information to be a good guide.
Your primary job is to give people interesting facts about the places you visit. Take time learning about those places. Get information from your company, the local library, and online to expand your knowledge.
Attendees will ask you questions that may be slightly off-topic. Knowing these answers will impress your audience and make you a better guide.
If you don’t know the answer to a question, say so. Tell your audience you’re not sure, but that you’d love to know the answer and will be looking for it as soon as you can.
3-3. Act fast when something goes wrong.
When you’re coordinating people, travel plans, and site visits, there’s a lot of opportunity for crisis! Don’t panic if someone gets sick, your tour bus breaks, or a park randomly closes for the day. It’s your job to think on your feet and deal with situations as they arise.
You can always contact your company for assistance in these situations, but you’ll need to keep a cool head. You’re the leader of the group when you’re out on a tour, and they’ll look to you for guidance.
3-4. Be prepared to be a freelance worker.
One of the hardest aspects of being a tour guide is that you’re usually hired as a temporary worker. If you live in a country that provides health insurance through employers, you may need to coordinate getting private insurance on your own. You’ll also need to be responsible for keeping employment and tax records.
3-5. Put your needs last when guiding a group.
Remember that your group is on vacation, and you’re at work. Do whatever you need to do to keep the group happy and safe. Stay focused on them whenever you’re on the clock.
This might be hard if you’re leading groups in beautiful and relaxing locations, but stay strong! You’re getting paid for this work.
3-6. Understand the physical requirements.
Being a tour guide requires you to be on your feet and walking around most days. You’ll need to be physically healthy and fit to keep up with the rhythm of this work life.
3-7. Be a storyteller to make facts interesting to your audience.
To keep your tours moving and engaging, tell stories. Don’t just recite a list of names, dates, and events. Give your audience something to grab onto by narrating short stories at different spots along the tour with beginnings, middles, and climatic endings.
You also need to make sure that you and your group respects the environment you’re visiting. You’ll be responsible for enforcing the rules.
Always face your audience when giving tours.
Tips
If you are looking for a job in a country that has an official language you do not speak, you should learn the language by signing up for a course or using language learning software.
Take a training course on first aid and CPR. Depending on the job you land, this may not be necessary, but as a tour guide, you will need to know what to do in emergency situations. It’ll also look good on your resume.
Warnings
Be aware that while you may be working in a vacation spot, you are not on vacation yourself. The majority of your time will be spent working.
As a tour guide, you may be working long hours. Your job may be in an exciting location, but you must make sure you are capable of working a difficult schedule.
Be aware that many tour guide jobs are seasonal. This may mean you will not have consistent work in one location. However, if you don't mind travel, you can always travel back and forth between hemispheres.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:57",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Looking for Opportunities\\n1-1. Look online for a variety of job postings.\\nTour guides work at parks, historic homes, sightseeing companies, cruise ships, and many other locations. Consider where you’d most enjoy working. Narrow your search to those types of positions.\\nTo get started, enter something like “Be a tour guide on a cruise ship to the Caribbean” into your favorite search engine. You can then browse through tour guiding jobs with different companies, job requirements, and salaries.\\n1-2. Take tours to see which ones you like.\\nIn order to decide where you want to work, attend a variety of tours. Go to museums and historic homes in your area and book a tour on a sightseeing bus. Make note of the pros and cons of different kinds of tour guide jobs.\\nYou may need to space these tours out, as some could get expensive. Budget in one tour every two weeks or so. While you’re looking for jobs, go on tours instead of going out to eat or doing other fun activities.\\nInvite friends and family to take tours with you. They’ll be able to share their likes and dislikes with you, which will help you be a better guide once you find a job.\\n1-3. Take notes to record your thoughts about different tours.\\nWhen you go on tours, be sure to bring a notebook with you to keep track of your thoughts about the experiences. You can refer back to these notes later if you’re weighing different job offers. The notes may also help you develop your own tour guiding style.\\n1-4. Check out tour guide associations’ websites.\\nMany cities, countries, and regions have professional organizations of tour guides. These organizations help guides advance their careers and promote tour guiding as a positive aspect of international tourism. They can help you find educational opportunities, and they may point you in the direction of job openings.\\nFor more information and to find a list of associations located around the world, visit: http://www.beabetterguide.com/tour-guide-associations/.\\n1-5. Visit your local travel agency to pick up brochures.\\nTravel agencies may partner up with local sightseeing companies for advertising. Take the brochures they keep in their office, and ask which companies they recommend to their clients most often. Contact the best companies using the information you find in the brochure and ask about openings.\\nBe aware that travel agents may tell you they love a certain company if the two are in a partnership together, even if they know the company has some issues. Be sure to do your own research by going online or visiting the company’s offices.\\n1-6. Contact major sightseeing companies in your area.\\nEspecially if you live in a big city or even a larger town, there are probably sightseeing companies right down the road from you. Get in touch with these companies via email or phone and ask whether they’ve got openings. These local opportunities could be a great place for you to start your career as a guide.\\nYou can also look online to see if the companies have open jobs, as many will list these positions on their websites.\\nIf you’re hoping to become a tour guide to travel, this might not be your favorite option. Remember that doing work locally can help you build your resume and gain experience while staying in your comfort zone. You can always keep looking for travel-oriented jobs while you’re working!\\n2. Getting Hired\\n2-1. Pass any necessary exams for your area.\\nMany cities and countries require tour guides to pass exams before they can lead groups. Some sightseeing companies may require you to pass this exam before you even apply for positions. Search online to see if your area requires you to take a licensing examination, and then pay necessary fees to register for the test.\\nYou can also look online to find details about the test, study guides, and registration information. Enter something like “Professional licensing examination for sightseeing guides in New York City” to find everything you need to prepare for and take the test.\\nTake the exam seriously. If you fail, you’ll need to pay the fee again!\\n2-2. Get training to gain experience and contacts.\\nProfessional tour guide associations and groups like the International Guide Academy in Denver, Colorado offer classes to professionalize guides. These classes teach public speaking, tourism and travel industry terminology, leadership and teamwork, and other skills valuable to tour guides. They’ll give you a certification when you complete their programs.\\nBe sure to register for courses meant for tour guides rather than tour directors. Tour directors are responsible for logistics and management, while guides lead groups and provide narration about places the group visits.\\nThese programs are great for meeting people in the field. Your teachers, in particular, could connect you with people they know are looking for guides.\\n2-3. Take classes in relevant fields to expand your knowledge.\\nIf you live near a local university or community college, check out the course listings. If there are offerings in linguistics, leadership, hospitality, and/or tourism, register. These courses will improve your resume and up your chances of getting a job as a guide.\\nBe sure you have the time and money to dedicate to the classes. If you’re currently working a full-time job, look into taking night classes.\\n2-4. Get a hospitality or tourism degree if you can afford it.\\nWhile a degree like this won’t guarantee you a job as a guide, it’ll show your potential employers that you’ve got some basic skills in the field. If you’re currently a college or university student and you know you want to be a guide, this could be a great degree option for you.\\n2-5. Apply for positions online or in person.\\nOnce you’ve chosen a few different companies that you’d like to work for, fill out their applications by going online or picking up a paper application from the company. You’ll need to provide your contact information, employment history, a few good references, and a resume.\\nMost reputable companies will run a background check before hiring you.\\nIf they like your application, most companies will contact you for one to two follow-up interviews before hiring you.\\n2-6. Be prepared to answer tailored application questions.\\nTour guiding companies will want your application to show that you’re ready to be a tour guide. Their questions may be designed to see how you’ll handle crises, to check if your personality is right for guiding, and to make sure you’re excited to be a tour guide.\\nThese questions could be things like, “What would you do if the bus broke down?” or “What makes you excited to be a tour guide with us?”\\n2-7. Accept the best offer you receive.\\nIf you’re lucky enough to receive multiple offers, make a pros and cons list. Consider the locations, work hours, and salaries. Decide which job provides the best balance of fun and financially practical, and go for it!\\n3. Meeting the Challenges\\n3-1. Embrace being around people when you’re working.\\nBeing a tour guide means you need to be a people person. Be prepared to answer questions constantly, handle difficult personalities, and herd groups of people around interesting sites and locations. You’ll need to be cheerful and upbeat whenever you’re on the job.\\nYou may want to schedule alone time during your days off to balance out your work schedule.\\n3-2. Absorb and memorize lots of information to be a good guide.\\nYour primary job is to give people interesting facts about the places you visit. Take time learning about those places. Get information from your company, the local library, and online to expand your knowledge.\\nAttendees will ask you questions that may be slightly off-topic. Knowing these answers will impress your audience and make you a better guide.\\nIf you don’t know the answer to a question, say so. Tell your audience you’re not sure, but that you’d love to know the answer and will be looking for it as soon as you can.\\n3-3. Act fast when something goes wrong.\\nWhen you’re coordinating people, travel plans, and site visits, there’s a lot of opportunity for crisis! Don’t panic if someone gets sick, your tour bus breaks, or a park randomly closes for the day. It’s your job to think on your feet and deal with situations as they arise.\\nYou can always contact your company for assistance in these situations, but you’ll need to keep a cool head. You’re the leader of the group when you’re out on a tour, and they’ll look to you for guidance.\\n3-4. Be prepared to be a freelance worker.\\nOne of the hardest aspects of being a tour guide is that you’re usually hired as a temporary worker. If you live in a country that provides health insurance through employers, you may need to coordinate getting private insurance on your own. You’ll also need to be responsible for keeping employment and tax records.\\n3-5. Put your needs last when guiding a group.\\nRemember that your group is on vacation, and you’re at work. Do whatever you need to do to keep the group happy and safe. Stay focused on them whenever you’re on the clock.\\nThis might be hard if you’re leading groups in beautiful and relaxing locations, but stay strong! You’re getting paid for this work.\\n3-6. Understand the physical requirements.\\nBeing a tour guide requires you to be on your feet and walking around most days. You’ll need to be physically healthy and fit to keep up with the rhythm of this work life.\\n3-7. Be a storyteller to make facts interesting to your audience.\\nTo keep your tours moving and engaging, tell stories. Don’t just recite a list of names, dates, and events. Give your audience something to grab onto by narrating short stories at different spots along the tour with beginnings, middles, and climatic endings.\\nYou also need to make sure that you and your group respects the environment you’re visiting. You’ll be responsible for enforcing the rules.\\nAlways face your audience when giving tours.\\nTips\\nIf you are looking for a job in a country that has an official language you do not speak, you should learn the language by signing up for a course or using language learning software.\\nTake a training course on first aid and CPR. Depending on the job you land, this may not be necessary, but as a tour guide, you will need to know what to do in emergency situations. It’ll also look good on your resume.\\nWarnings\\nBe aware that while you may be working in a vacation spot, you are not on vacation yourself. The majority of your time will be spent working.\\nAs a tour guide, you may be working long hours. Your job may be in an exciting location, but you must make sure you are capable of working a difficult schedule.\\nBe aware that many tour guide jobs are seasonal. This may mean you will not have consistent work in one location. However, if you don't mind travel, you can always travel back and forth between hemispheres.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Being a tour guide can be a great career option for people who love to travel, enjoy being in front of a crowd, and are masters of multitasking. If that’s you, then start looking for job opportunities online and in your area. You can improve your chances of getting hired by becoming professionally certified or getting a degree. Once you’ve found a job, be ready to meet the challenges of this fun and unique but sometimes hectic position.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Looking for Opportunities\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look online for a variety of job postings.\", \"描述\": \"Tour guides work at parks, historic homes, sightseeing companies, cruise ships, and many other locations. Consider where you’d most enjoy working. Narrow your search to those types of positions.\\nTo get started, enter something like “Be a tour guide on a cruise ship to the Caribbean” into your favorite search engine. You can then browse through tour guiding jobs with different companies, job requirements, and salaries.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take tours to see which ones you like.\", \"描述\": \"In order to decide where you want to work, attend a variety of tours. Go to museums and historic homes in your area and book a tour on a sightseeing bus. Make note of the pros and cons of different kinds of tour guide jobs.\\nYou may need to space these tours out, as some could get expensive. Budget in one tour every two weeks or so. While you’re looking for jobs, go on tours instead of going out to eat or doing other fun activities.\\nInvite friends and family to take tours with you. They’ll be able to share their likes and dislikes with you, which will help you be a better guide once you find a job.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take notes to record your thoughts about different tours.\", \"描述\": \"When you go on tours, be sure to bring a notebook with you to keep track of your thoughts about the experiences. You can refer back to these notes later if you’re weighing different job offers. The notes may also help you develop your own tour guiding style.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Check out tour guide associations’ websites.\", \"描述\": \"Many cities, countries, and regions have professional organizations of tour guides. These organizations help guides advance their careers and promote tour guiding as a positive aspect of international tourism. They can help you find educational opportunities, and they may point you in the direction of job openings.\\nFor more information and to find a list of associations located around the world, visit: http://www.beabetterguide.com/tour-guide-associations/.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Visit your local travel agency to pick up brochures.\", \"描述\": \"Travel agencies may partner up with local sightseeing companies for advertising. Take the brochures they keep in their office, and ask which companies they recommend to their clients most often. Contact the best companies using the information you find in the brochure and ask about openings.\\nBe aware that travel agents may tell you they love a certain company if the two are in a partnership together, even if they know the company has some issues. Be sure to do your own research by going online or visiting the company’s offices.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Contact major sightseeing companies in your area.\", \"描述\": \"Especially if you live in a big city or even a larger town, there are probably sightseeing companies right down the road from you. Get in touch with these companies via email or phone and ask whether they’ve got openings. These local opportunities could be a great place for you to start your career as a guide.\\nYou can also look online to see if the companies have open jobs, as many will list these positions on their websites.\\nIf you’re hoping to become a tour guide to travel, this might not be your favorite option. Remember that doing work locally can help you build your resume and gain experience while staying in your comfort zone. You can always keep looking for travel-oriented jobs while you’re working!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Hired\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pass any necessary exams for your area.\", \"描述\": \"Many cities and countries require tour guides to pass exams before they can lead groups. Some sightseeing companies may require you to pass this exam before you even apply for positions. Search online to see if your area requires you to take a licensing examination, and then pay necessary fees to register for the test.\\nYou can also look online to find details about the test, study guides, and registration information. Enter something like “Professional licensing examination for sightseeing guides in New York City” to find everything you need to prepare for and take the test.\\nTake the exam seriously. If you fail, you’ll need to pay the fee again!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get training to gain experience and contacts.\", \"描述\": \"Professional tour guide associations and groups like the International Guide Academy in Denver, Colorado offer classes to professionalize guides. These classes teach public speaking, tourism and travel industry terminology, leadership and teamwork, and other skills valuable to tour guides. They’ll give you a certification when you complete their programs.\\nBe sure to register for courses meant for tour guides rather than tour directors. Tour directors are responsible for logistics and management, while guides lead groups and provide narration about places the group visits.\\nThese programs are great for meeting people in the field. Your teachers, in particular, could connect you with people they know are looking for guides.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take classes in relevant fields to expand your knowledge.\", \"描述\": \"If you live near a local university or community college, check out the course listings. If there are offerings in linguistics, leadership, hospitality, and/or tourism, register. These courses will improve your resume and up your chances of getting a job as a guide.\\nBe sure you have the time and money to dedicate to the classes. If you’re currently working a full-time job, look into taking night classes.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get a hospitality or tourism degree if you can afford it.\", \"描述\": \"While a degree like this won’t guarantee you a job as a guide, it’ll show your potential employers that you’ve got some basic skills in the field. If you’re currently a college or university student and you know you want to be a guide, this could be a great degree option for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Apply for positions online or in person.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve chosen a few different companies that you’d like to work for, fill out their applications by going online or picking up a paper application from the company. You’ll need to provide your contact information, employment history, a few good references, and a resume.\\nMost reputable companies will run a background check before hiring you.\\nIf they like your application, most companies will contact you for one to two follow-up interviews before hiring you.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Be prepared to answer tailored application questions.\", \"描述\": \"Tour guiding companies will want your application to show that you’re ready to be a tour guide. Their questions may be designed to see how you’ll handle crises, to check if your personality is right for guiding, and to make sure you’re excited to be a tour guide.\\nThese questions could be things like, “What would you do if the bus broke down?” or “What makes you excited to be a tour guide with us?”\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Accept the best offer you receive.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re lucky enough to receive multiple offers, make a pros and cons list. Consider the locations, work hours, and salaries. Decide which job provides the best balance of fun and financially practical, and go for it!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Challenges\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Embrace being around people when you’re working.\", \"描述\": \"Being a tour guide means you need to be a people person. Be prepared to answer questions constantly, handle difficult personalities, and herd groups of people around interesting sites and locations. You’ll need to be cheerful and upbeat whenever you’re on the job.\\nYou may want to schedule alone time during your days off to balance out your work schedule.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Absorb and memorize lots of information to be a good guide.\", \"描述\": \"Your primary job is to give people interesting facts about the places you visit. Take time learning about those places. Get information from your company, the local library, and online to expand your knowledge.\\nAttendees will ask you questions that may be slightly off-topic. Knowing these answers will impress your audience and make you a better guide.\\nIf you don’t know the answer to a question, say so. Tell your audience you’re not sure, but that you’d love to know the answer and will be looking for it as soon as you can.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Act fast when something goes wrong.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re coordinating people, travel plans, and site visits, there’s a lot of opportunity for crisis! Don’t panic if someone gets sick, your tour bus breaks, or a park randomly closes for the day. It’s your job to think on your feet and deal with situations as they arise.\\nYou can always contact your company for assistance in these situations, but you’ll need to keep a cool head. You’re the leader of the group when you’re out on a tour, and they’ll look to you for guidance.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be prepared to be a freelance worker.\", \"描述\": \"One of the hardest aspects of being a tour guide is that you’re usually hired as a temporary worker. If you live in a country that provides health insurance through employers, you may need to coordinate getting private insurance on your own. You’ll also need to be responsible for keeping employment and tax records.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Put your needs last when guiding a group.\", \"描述\": \"Remember that your group is on vacation, and you’re at work. Do whatever you need to do to keep the group happy and safe. Stay focused on them whenever you’re on the clock.\\nThis might be hard if you’re leading groups in beautiful and relaxing locations, but stay strong! You’re getting paid for this work.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Understand the physical requirements.\", \"描述\": \"Being a tour guide requires you to be on your feet and walking around most days. You’ll need to be physically healthy and fit to keep up with the rhythm of this work life.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Be a storyteller to make facts interesting to your audience.\", \"描述\": \"To keep your tours moving and engaging, tell stories. Don’t just recite a list of names, dates, and events. Give your audience something to grab onto by narrating short stories at different spots along the tour with beginnings, middles, and climatic endings.\\nYou also need to make sure that you and your group respects the environment you’re visiting. You’ll be responsible for enforcing the rules.\\nAlways face your audience when giving tours.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you are looking for a job in a country that has an official language you do not speak, you should learn the language by signing up for a course or using language learning software.\\n\", \"Take a training course on first aid and CPR. Depending on the job you land, this may not be necessary, but as a tour guide, you will need to know what to do in emergency situations. It’ll also look good on your resume.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Be aware that while you may be working in a vacation spot, you are not on vacation yourself. The majority of your time will be spent working.\\n\", \"As a tour guide, you may be working long hours. Your job may be in an exciting location, but you must make sure you are capable of working a difficult schedule.\\n\", \"Be aware that many tour guide jobs are seasonal. This may mean you will not have consistent work in one location. However, if you don't mind travel, you can always travel back and forth between hemispheres.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,828 |
How to Become a Tower Crane Operator
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1. Completing Your Education
1-1. Finish your high school diploma.
Most construction-level jobs do not require a college degree, but you will need a high school diploma to gain tower crane certification. If you do not have your high school diploma, return to school for your GED.
Get plenty of rest before your GED exam, and make sure to have a filling breakfast the day of your test.
1-2. Attend trade school.
Trade schools will provide students with the practical knowledge to operate heavy machinery and basic construction skills. You will learn how to read blueprints, install building materials, and inspect construction codes. Usually, trade schools take one or two years to complete.
You can enroll in trade school as a high school student if you have parental permission.
1-3. Complete a general crane operator training program.
Although you will receive much of your training in an apprenticeship, you will want to complete a crane operation training program. Crane operator programs can last anywhere from several weeks to several months and involves learning safety regulations and crane machine maintenance. It will also prepare you for the National Commission for the Certification of Crane Operators (NCCCO) exam.
Most crane operator training programs are not offered online because you will need hands-on learning.
1-4. Enter an apprenticeship.
After you have finished trade school and a specialized operating program, contact local tower crane operators to ask if you can become their apprentice. Apprenticeship will help you gain on-the-job experience and increase your knowledge of construction work.
An apprenticeship program can take anywhere between 1-6 years, depending on what you negotiate with your supervisor.
Construction apprentices are almost always paid a living wage.
1-5. Enroll in the NCCCO Tower Crane Operator licensure program.
Most US states require tower crane operators to receive certification. Of those that don't, construction companies prefer to hire tower crane operators who are certified. To receive NCCCO licensure, you need to be at least 18 years old and be in good physical health.
The NCCCO requires operators to complete certification within a 12-month timeframe.
2. Getting Certified
2-1. Keep your body in good shape
To gain your NCCCO tower crane operator certification you will need to pass the ASME B30 physical requirements. You will need strong optical health as well as keen hearing. You will also receive a psychological evaluation.
To fully pass the physical exam, you will also need negative results from a substance abuse test.
If you have a history of epilepsy or loss of physical control, you will be disqualified for certification.
2-2. Pass the written examination.
When you've finished your training program and apprenticeship, you will need to take a written exam on tower crane operation to receive your license. The NCCCO exam consists of 55 multiple-choice questions within an hour.
Before you can take the written examination, you need to meet the physical eligibility requirements.
If you have a hard time with multiple-choice exams, take practice tests beforehand and study often in the weeks leading up to your exams. Don't wait to study until the day of your exam.
2-3. Complete the practical evaluation.
Once you've passed the written exam, you can then take the CCO Tower Crane Practical Examination. Before the evaluation, you will be briefed on a series of tasks to complete. In front of a supervisor, you will then complete situations you'll be in as a tower crane operator. During the exam, your supervisor will be on the lookout for unsafe procedures.
2-4. Comply with the NCCCO Code of Ethics and Substance Abuse Policy.
All tower crane operators must agree to comply with these codes before they can gain certification. The NCCCO Code of Ethics presents guidelines for operators to work safely with the environment and other construction workers. To comply with the Substance Abuse Policy, you promise not to operate while under a substance that would impair your ability (like prescription medication, illegal drugs, or alcohol).
If you're sick and receive an over-the-counter medicine, call in sick. Nothing is worth risking the safety of your fellow workers.
3. Gaining Experience
3-1. Work entry-level construction jobs while training.
While you're in trade school and up until your internship, work as a general laborer for a construction company. Gaining construction experience early-on will help you gain a good internship. Most general laborer positions do not require a high school diploma (though most apprenticeships do), so you can begin working while in school.
3-2. Apply
Search for jobs online or in your local classifieds for tower crane operator jobs. Send your resume via email, and make sure to list your training programs and NCCCO certification. Most construction companies prefer operators with several years of experience, so describe any projects you completed as an apprentice.
If you have worked any other construction jobs, like a general laborer or other specialized worker, list these as well. Employers appreciate applicants with a wide range of experience.
3-3. Work hard to advance as a crane operator.
After you have years of experience working as a tower crane operator, you can apply for higher-level jobs. So long as you keep your certification, you can work as a supervisor or director. If desired, you could even take on an apprentice of your own.
Although bachelor degrees are not required for construction workers, you might consider going to university for a BS in Construction Engineering. This will qualify you for advanced positions within a construction company.
3-4. Renew your license as needed.
After you have gotten certified, you will need to renew your license every five years. Recertification for tower crane operators is less intensive: you will need to pass a 30-question test within 45 minutes. Tower crane operators who fail to renew their license by its expiration date will need to re-take the full physical, written, and practical evaluations.
Recertification candidates are allowed two attempts to pass the written exam.
Tips
Show up on time for all your training courses or apprenticeship programs. Because construction work is so time-intensive, you cannot be habitually late.
Construction work involves great agility and physical stamina. If you prefer a desk job with little physical activity, tower crane operation is likely not for you.
Pay great attention to your work supervisors. To be a tower crane operator, you need good listening skills (as well as the ability to carry out tasks).
Warnings
Operating heavy machinery can be dangerous, and construction companies require that their workers have full control over their bodies. If you have a history of epilepsy, narcolepsy, or vertigo, consider an alternative job.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:57",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Completing Your Education\\n1-1. Finish your high school diploma.\\nMost construction-level jobs do not require a college degree, but you will need a high school diploma to gain tower crane certification. If you do not have your high school diploma, return to school for your GED.\\nGet plenty of rest before your GED exam, and make sure to have a filling breakfast the day of your test.\\n1-2. Attend trade school.\\nTrade schools will provide students with the practical knowledge to operate heavy machinery and basic construction skills. You will learn how to read blueprints, install building materials, and inspect construction codes. Usually, trade schools take one or two years to complete.\\nYou can enroll in trade school as a high school student if you have parental permission.\\n1-3. Complete a general crane operator training program.\\nAlthough you will receive much of your training in an apprenticeship, you will want to complete a crane operation training program. Crane operator programs can last anywhere from several weeks to several months and involves learning safety regulations and crane machine maintenance. It will also prepare you for the National Commission for the Certification of Crane Operators (NCCCO) exam.\\nMost crane operator training programs are not offered online because you will need hands-on learning.\\n1-4. Enter an apprenticeship.\\nAfter you have finished trade school and a specialized operating program, contact local tower crane operators to ask if you can become their apprentice. Apprenticeship will help you gain on-the-job experience and increase your knowledge of construction work.\\nAn apprenticeship program can take anywhere between 1-6 years, depending on what you negotiate with your supervisor.\\nConstruction apprentices are almost always paid a living wage.\\n1-5. Enroll in the NCCCO Tower Crane Operator licensure program.\\nMost US states require tower crane operators to receive certification. Of those that don't, construction companies prefer to hire tower crane operators who are certified. To receive NCCCO licensure, you need to be at least 18 years old and be in good physical health.\\nThe NCCCO requires operators to complete certification within a 12-month timeframe.\\n2. Getting Certified\\n2-1. Keep your body in good shape\\nTo gain your NCCCO tower crane operator certification you will need to pass the ASME B30 physical requirements. You will need strong optical health as well as keen hearing. You will also receive a psychological evaluation.\\nTo fully pass the physical exam, you will also need negative results from a substance abuse test.\\nIf you have a history of epilepsy or loss of physical control, you will be disqualified for certification.\\n2-2. Pass the written examination.\\nWhen you've finished your training program and apprenticeship, you will need to take a written exam on tower crane operation to receive your license. The NCCCO exam consists of 55 multiple-choice questions within an hour.\\nBefore you can take the written examination, you need to meet the physical eligibility requirements.\\nIf you have a hard time with multiple-choice exams, take practice tests beforehand and study often in the weeks leading up to your exams. Don't wait to study until the day of your exam.\\n2-3. Complete the practical evaluation.\\nOnce you've passed the written exam, you can then take the CCO Tower Crane Practical Examination. Before the evaluation, you will be briefed on a series of tasks to complete. In front of a supervisor, you will then complete situations you'll be in as a tower crane operator. During the exam, your supervisor will be on the lookout for unsafe procedures.\\n2-4. Comply with the NCCCO Code of Ethics and Substance Abuse Policy.\\nAll tower crane operators must agree to comply with these codes before they can gain certification. The NCCCO Code of Ethics presents guidelines for operators to work safely with the environment and other construction workers. To comply with the Substance Abuse Policy, you promise not to operate while under a substance that would impair your ability (like prescription medication, illegal drugs, or alcohol).\\nIf you're sick and receive an over-the-counter medicine, call in sick. Nothing is worth risking the safety of your fellow workers.\\n3. Gaining Experience\\n3-1. Work entry-level construction jobs while training.\\nWhile you're in trade school and up until your internship, work as a general laborer for a construction company. Gaining construction experience early-on will help you gain a good internship. Most general laborer positions do not require a high school diploma (though most apprenticeships do), so you can begin working while in school.\\n3-2. Apply\\nSearch for jobs online or in your local classifieds for tower crane operator jobs. Send your resume via email, and make sure to list your training programs and NCCCO certification. Most construction companies prefer operators with several years of experience, so describe any projects you completed as an apprentice.\\nIf you have worked any other construction jobs, like a general laborer or other specialized worker, list these as well. Employers appreciate applicants with a wide range of experience.\\n3-3. Work hard to advance as a crane operator.\\nAfter you have years of experience working as a tower crane operator, you can apply for higher-level jobs. So long as you keep your certification, you can work as a supervisor or director. If desired, you could even take on an apprentice of your own.\\nAlthough bachelor degrees are not required for construction workers, you might consider going to university for a BS in Construction Engineering. This will qualify you for advanced positions within a construction company.\\n3-4. Renew your license as needed.\\nAfter you have gotten certified, you will need to renew your license every five years. Recertification for tower crane operators is less intensive: you will need to pass a 30-question test within 45 minutes. Tower crane operators who fail to renew their license by its expiration date will need to re-take the full physical, written, and practical evaluations.\\nRecertification candidates are allowed two attempts to pass the written exam.\\nTips\\nShow up on time for all your training courses or apprenticeship programs. Because construction work is so time-intensive, you cannot be habitually late.\\nConstruction work involves great agility and physical stamina. If you prefer a desk job with little physical activity, tower crane operation is likely not for you.\\nPay great attention to your work supervisors. To be a tower crane operator, you need good listening skills (as well as the ability to carry out tasks).\\nWarnings\\nOperating heavy machinery can be dangerous, and construction companies require that their workers have full control over their bodies. If you have a history of epilepsy, narcolepsy, or vertigo, consider an alternative job.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you like hands-on work and keep a calm head around heavy machinery, becoming a tower crane operator might just be your dream job. Planning ahead can help you reach your career goals. To work as a crane operator, you will need to finish trade school and complete an apprenticeship with a licensed operator. After you've gained enough education and experience, you can then apply for a tower crane operator license and work with construction agencies.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Completing Your Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Finish your high school diploma.\", \"描述\": \"Most construction-level jobs do not require a college degree, but you will need a high school diploma to gain tower crane certification. If you do not have your high school diploma, return to school for your GED.\\nGet plenty of rest before your GED exam, and make sure to have a filling breakfast the day of your test.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Attend trade school.\", \"描述\": \"Trade schools will provide students with the practical knowledge to operate heavy machinery and basic construction skills. You will learn how to read blueprints, install building materials, and inspect construction codes. Usually, trade schools take one or two years to complete.\\nYou can enroll in trade school as a high school student if you have parental permission.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete a general crane operator training program.\", \"描述\": \"Although you will receive much of your training in an apprenticeship, you will want to complete a crane operation training program. Crane operator programs can last anywhere from several weeks to several months and involves learning safety regulations and crane machine maintenance. It will also prepare you for the National Commission for the Certification of Crane Operators (NCCCO) exam.\\nMost crane operator training programs are not offered online because you will need hands-on learning.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Enter an apprenticeship.\", \"描述\": \"After you have finished trade school and a specialized operating program, contact local tower crane operators to ask if you can become their apprentice. Apprenticeship will help you gain on-the-job experience and increase your knowledge of construction work.\\nAn apprenticeship program can take anywhere between 1-6 years, depending on what you negotiate with your supervisor.\\nConstruction apprentices are almost always paid a living wage.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Enroll in the NCCCO Tower Crane Operator licensure program.\", \"描述\": \"Most US states require tower crane operators to receive certification. Of those that don't, construction companies prefer to hire tower crane operators who are certified. To receive NCCCO licensure, you need to be at least 18 years old and be in good physical health.\\nThe NCCCO requires operators to complete certification within a 12-month timeframe.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Certified\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep your body in good shape\", \"描述\": \"To gain your NCCCO tower crane operator certification you will need to pass the ASME B30 physical requirements. You will need strong optical health as well as keen hearing. You will also receive a psychological evaluation.\\nTo fully pass the physical exam, you will also need negative results from a substance abuse test.\\nIf you have a history of epilepsy or loss of physical control, you will be disqualified for certification.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pass the written examination.\", \"描述\": \"When you've finished your training program and apprenticeship, you will need to take a written exam on tower crane operation to receive your license. The NCCCO exam consists of 55 multiple-choice questions within an hour.\\nBefore you can take the written examination, you need to meet the physical eligibility requirements.\\nIf you have a hard time with multiple-choice exams, take practice tests beforehand and study often in the weeks leading up to your exams. Don't wait to study until the day of your exam.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete the practical evaluation.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've passed the written exam, you can then take the CCO Tower Crane Practical Examination. Before the evaluation, you will be briefed on a series of tasks to complete. In front of a supervisor, you will then complete situations you'll be in as a tower crane operator. During the exam, your supervisor will be on the lookout for unsafe procedures.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Comply with the NCCCO Code of Ethics and Substance Abuse Policy.\", \"描述\": \"All tower crane operators must agree to comply with these codes before they can gain certification. The NCCCO Code of Ethics presents guidelines for operators to work safely with the environment and other construction workers. To comply with the Substance Abuse Policy, you promise not to operate while under a substance that would impair your ability (like prescription medication, illegal drugs, or alcohol).\\nIf you're sick and receive an over-the-counter medicine, call in sick. Nothing is worth risking the safety of your fellow workers.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Gaining Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work entry-level construction jobs while training.\", \"描述\": \"While you're in trade school and up until your internship, work as a general laborer for a construction company. Gaining construction experience early-on will help you gain a good internship. Most general laborer positions do not require a high school diploma (though most apprenticeships do), so you can begin working while in school.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply\", \"描述\": \"Search for jobs online or in your local classifieds for tower crane operator jobs. Send your resume via email, and make sure to list your training programs and NCCCO certification. Most construction companies prefer operators with several years of experience, so describe any projects you completed as an apprentice.\\nIf you have worked any other construction jobs, like a general laborer or other specialized worker, list these as well. Employers appreciate applicants with a wide range of experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work hard to advance as a crane operator.\", \"描述\": \"After you have years of experience working as a tower crane operator, you can apply for higher-level jobs. So long as you keep your certification, you can work as a supervisor or director. If desired, you could even take on an apprentice of your own.\\nAlthough bachelor degrees are not required for construction workers, you might consider going to university for a BS in Construction Engineering. This will qualify you for advanced positions within a construction company.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Renew your license as needed.\", \"描述\": \"After you have gotten certified, you will need to renew your license every five years. Recertification for tower crane operators is less intensive: you will need to pass a 30-question test within 45 minutes. Tower crane operators who fail to renew their license by its expiration date will need to re-take the full physical, written, and practical evaluations.\\nRecertification candidates are allowed two attempts to pass the written exam.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Show up on time for all your training courses or apprenticeship programs. Because construction work is so time-intensive, you cannot be habitually late.\\n\", \"Construction work involves great agility and physical stamina. If you prefer a desk job with little physical activity, tower crane operation is likely not for you.\\n\", \"Pay great attention to your work supervisors. To be a tower crane operator, you need good listening skills (as well as the ability to carry out tasks).\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Operating heavy machinery can be dangerous, and construction companies require that their workers have full control over their bodies. If you have a history of epilepsy, narcolepsy, or vertigo, consider an alternative job.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,829 |
How to Become a Toxicologist
|
1. Getting an Education
1-1. Start preparing in high school.
You can build a strong foundation for a career in toxicology by taking as many science courses as you can in high school, including biology, chemistry, and physics. Related subjects like computer science will also help develop your interests and skills.
Don't neglect courses in communication, writing, and foreign language. These will give you a good foundation for college-level work, and serve you well when you are a professional toxicologist and have to share your work with peers and the public.
Taking part in extracurricular activities like science fairs, Science Olympiad, or part-time work in a lab is also valuable preparation. Ask a teacher or other mentor for ideas about how you can get involved.
1-2. Get a bachelor's degree.
Most colleges and universities don't have degrees in toxicology. Instead, work on a major in a field like biology, pharmacy, chemistry, veterinary sciences, food sciences, or soil sciences. Whatever your major, take as many courses as you can in fields like:
Organic chemistry
Physics
Computer science
Statistics
Advanced math (calculus)
Biology
Chemistry
Writing and/or Communication
1-3. Look for internships and special projects.
While studying for your degree, you should seek out opportunities to deepen your knowledge of toxicology, network with others in the field, and boost your resume. Working with a professor to develop an extensive research project, collaborating with others in a lab, and completing an internship are all great ways to accomplish this.
The Society of Technology sponsors summer internships, so check its website for information on opportunities you can apply for.
You can also ask professors for ideas about special projects, or contact labs directly about the possibility of working as an intern.
1-4. Get an advanced degree.
Most toxicologists have Ph.Ds, and a smaller number of them have master's degrees. Very few have only a bachelor's degree. If you are serious about becoming a toxicologist, you will have more opportunities if you pursue an advanced degree. While earning your Ph.D, you will take coursework, collaborate in labs, and develop a research project in your area of interest, culminating in a written dissertation describing your findings.
Look for graduate programs in toxicology or a related area. Choose a program based on its overall strength, but also its expertise in the area you want to study. For instance, if you are interested in the toxicology of pharmaceutical drugs, make sure that the graduate programs you apply to have labs and/or professors who are also working on this topic.
Learn about the financial support available for graduate programs. Typically, graduate programs are funded by scholarships, teaching assistantships, research assistantships, or a combination of these.
Take the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) about nine months before applying to graduate programs, and start working on your applications as soon as possible.
It is possible to work in toxicology without an advanced degree, but opportunities will probably be limited to lab assistant positions.
2. Entering the Field
2-1. Work as a postdoc.
After getting an advanced degree, many would-be toxicologists first work as a postdoctoral fellow in a research setting, sometimes for a few years. Opportunities are available in academia, government, and industry. While working as a postdoc, you will continue to pursue research or other specialized projects related to your area of expertise, but will gain more experience in supervising others, grant writing, and other areas that will increase yoru skills and job prospects.
2-2. Look for a job.
When you have gained the right combination of education, skills, and experience, you will be ready to find full-time, regular work as a toxicologist. The field is growing, and so opportunities for toxicologists are available in a variety of settings.
Some toxicologists work in academia (at colleges and universities), performing research independently or as part of a group, and often teaching courses to undergraduate and/or graduate students.
A wide range of government agencies hire toxicologists to work on topics related to public health, environmental concerns, and forensics.
Some toxicologists work in medical fields, studying the effects of toxins on the human body.
Many toxicologists are hired in the private sector to help industries (ranging from manufacturing to pharmaceuticals) ensure safe products or services, and understand the effects and risks of toxic or potentially toxic materials.
2-3. Utilize your skills and education in your job.
Toxicology is a demanding field that requires expertise and hard work. Once you enter the field, however, you will find that there are opportunities to do work that fascinates you and makes a real difference in the world. As a toxicologist, you may do things like:
Identify toxins in individuals, animals, and the environment.
Plan experiments to learn about the effects of toxins.
Share your knowledge to assist in criminal investigations.
Develop recommendations on how to protect against toxins.
Use highly specialized equipment and computer programs.
2-4. Explore alternative careers.
Not everyone who is interested in toxicology has to or wants to work as a toxicologist. Opportunities are available in a variety of related fields, and those with training in toxicology may have job titles including:
Forensic scientist
Food technologist
Laboratory technician
Research scientist
3. Developing Your Skills
3-1. Join professional societies.
As a practicing toxicologist, you will benefit from communicating with your peers. Professional organizations of toxicologists provide opportunities to network, attend conferences, share research, learn about job opportunities, etc. Depending on your location and interests, you may join societies such as:
The Society of Toxicology
The American College of Toxicology
The American College of Medical Toxicology.
The British Toxicology Society
The UK Register of Toxicologists
3-2. Publish your research findings.
If you are pursuing research in toxicology, you can share your work with others by publishing in academic journals. This is a great way to establish yourself in the field, and to earn credentials that can help lead to professional opportunities. Journals publishing toxicological research include:
Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Forensic Toxicology
Toxicological Sciences
Critical Reviews in Toxicology
Journal of Medical Toxicology
3-3. Get certified.
After working for a time as a toxicologist, you can pursue advanced certification to verify your skills and distinguish yourself professionally. Employers and the public will value the work of a certified toxicologist even more. The exact requirements for certification depends on the board offering the certification, but may involve documentation of your work experience, continuing education courses, and the payment of a fee. for You can seek certification from organizations such as:
The Royal College of Pathologists
The Royal Society of Biology
The American Board of Forensic Toxicology
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:57",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting an Education\\n1-1. Start preparing in high school.\\nYou can build a strong foundation for a career in toxicology by taking as many science courses as you can in high school, including biology, chemistry, and physics. Related subjects like computer science will also help develop your interests and skills.\\nDon't neglect courses in communication, writing, and foreign language. These will give you a good foundation for college-level work, and serve you well when you are a professional toxicologist and have to share your work with peers and the public.\\nTaking part in extracurricular activities like science fairs, Science Olympiad, or part-time work in a lab is also valuable preparation. Ask a teacher or other mentor for ideas about how you can get involved.\\n1-2. Get a bachelor's degree.\\nMost colleges and universities don't have degrees in toxicology. Instead, work on a major in a field like biology, pharmacy, chemistry, veterinary sciences, food sciences, or soil sciences. Whatever your major, take as many courses as you can in fields like:\\nOrganic chemistry\\nPhysics\\nComputer science\\nStatistics\\nAdvanced math (calculus)\\nBiology\\nChemistry\\nWriting and/or Communication\\n1-3. Look for internships and special projects.\\nWhile studying for your degree, you should seek out opportunities to deepen your knowledge of toxicology, network with others in the field, and boost your resume. Working with a professor to develop an extensive research project, collaborating with others in a lab, and completing an internship are all great ways to accomplish this.\\nThe Society of Technology sponsors summer internships, so check its website for information on opportunities you can apply for.\\nYou can also ask professors for ideas about special projects, or contact labs directly about the possibility of working as an intern.\\n1-4. Get an advanced degree.\\nMost toxicologists have Ph.Ds, and a smaller number of them have master's degrees. Very few have only a bachelor's degree. If you are serious about becoming a toxicologist, you will have more opportunities if you pursue an advanced degree. While earning your Ph.D, you will take coursework, collaborate in labs, and develop a research project in your area of interest, culminating in a written dissertation describing your findings.\\nLook for graduate programs in toxicology or a related area. Choose a program based on its overall strength, but also its expertise in the area you want to study. For instance, if you are interested in the toxicology of pharmaceutical drugs, make sure that the graduate programs you apply to have labs and/or professors who are also working on this topic.\\nLearn about the financial support available for graduate programs. Typically, graduate programs are funded by scholarships, teaching assistantships, research assistantships, or a combination of these.\\nTake the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) about nine months before applying to graduate programs, and start working on your applications as soon as possible.\\nIt is possible to work in toxicology without an advanced degree, but opportunities will probably be limited to lab assistant positions.\\n2. Entering the Field\\n2-1. Work as a postdoc.\\nAfter getting an advanced degree, many would-be toxicologists first work as a postdoctoral fellow in a research setting, sometimes for a few years. Opportunities are available in academia, government, and industry. While working as a postdoc, you will continue to pursue research or other specialized projects related to your area of expertise, but will gain more experience in supervising others, grant writing, and other areas that will increase yoru skills and job prospects.\\n2-2. Look for a job.\\nWhen you have gained the right combination of education, skills, and experience, you will be ready to find full-time, regular work as a toxicologist. The field is growing, and so opportunities for toxicologists are available in a variety of settings.\\nSome toxicologists work in academia (at colleges and universities), performing research independently or as part of a group, and often teaching courses to undergraduate and/or graduate students.\\nA wide range of government agencies hire toxicologists to work on topics related to public health, environmental concerns, and forensics.\\nSome toxicologists work in medical fields, studying the effects of toxins on the human body.\\nMany toxicologists are hired in the private sector to help industries (ranging from manufacturing to pharmaceuticals) ensure safe products or services, and understand the effects and risks of toxic or potentially toxic materials.\\n2-3. Utilize your skills and education in your job.\\nToxicology is a demanding field that requires expertise and hard work. Once you enter the field, however, you will find that there are opportunities to do work that fascinates you and makes a real difference in the world. As a toxicologist, you may do things like:\\nIdentify toxins in individuals, animals, and the environment.\\nPlan experiments to learn about the effects of toxins.\\nShare your knowledge to assist in criminal investigations.\\nDevelop recommendations on how to protect against toxins.\\nUse highly specialized equipment and computer programs.\\n2-4. Explore alternative careers.\\nNot everyone who is interested in toxicology has to or wants to work as a toxicologist. Opportunities are available in a variety of related fields, and those with training in toxicology may have job titles including:\\nForensic scientist\\nFood technologist\\nLaboratory technician\\nResearch scientist\\n3. Developing Your Skills\\n3-1. Join professional societies.\\nAs a practicing toxicologist, you will benefit from communicating with your peers. Professional organizations of toxicologists provide opportunities to network, attend conferences, share research, learn about job opportunities, etc. Depending on your location and interests, you may join societies such as:\\nThe Society of Toxicology\\nThe American College of Toxicology\\nThe American College of Medical Toxicology.\\nThe British Toxicology Society\\nThe UK Register of Toxicologists\\n3-2. Publish your research findings.\\nIf you are pursuing research in toxicology, you can share your work with others by publishing in academic journals. This is a great way to establish yourself in the field, and to earn credentials that can help lead to professional opportunities. Journals publishing toxicological research include:\\nAnnual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology\\nForensic Toxicology\\nToxicological Sciences\\nCritical Reviews in Toxicology\\nJournal of Medical Toxicology\\n3-3. Get certified.\\nAfter working for a time as a toxicologist, you can pursue advanced certification to verify your skills and distinguish yourself professionally. Employers and the public will value the work of a certified toxicologist even more. The exact requirements for certification depends on the board offering the certification, but may involve documentation of your work experience, continuing education courses, and the payment of a fee. for You can seek certification from organizations such as:\\nThe Royal College of Pathologists\\nThe Royal Society of Biology\\nThe American Board of Forensic Toxicology\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A toxicologist studies the effects that toxins or chemicals have on humans, animals, plants and other living organisms. Medically trained as a scientist, a toxicologist conducts field studies and performs laboratory work to determine the existence of toxins and finds ways to prevent them from spreading within the environment. Most toxicology positions require an advanced degree and highly specialized training.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting an Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start preparing in high school.\", \"描述\": \"You can build a strong foundation for a career in toxicology by taking as many science courses as you can in high school, including biology, chemistry, and physics. Related subjects like computer science will also help develop your interests and skills.\\nDon't neglect courses in communication, writing, and foreign language. These will give you a good foundation for college-level work, and serve you well when you are a professional toxicologist and have to share your work with peers and the public.\\nTaking part in extracurricular activities like science fairs, Science Olympiad, or part-time work in a lab is also valuable preparation. Ask a teacher or other mentor for ideas about how you can get involved.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a bachelor's degree.\", \"描述\": \"Most colleges and universities don't have degrees in toxicology. Instead, work on a major in a field like biology, pharmacy, chemistry, veterinary sciences, food sciences, or soil sciences. Whatever your major, take as many courses as you can in fields like:\\nOrganic chemistry\\nPhysics\\nComputer science\\nStatistics\\nAdvanced math (calculus)\\nBiology\\nChemistry\\nWriting and/or Communication\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for internships and special projects.\", \"描述\": \"While studying for your degree, you should seek out opportunities to deepen your knowledge of toxicology, network with others in the field, and boost your resume. Working with a professor to develop an extensive research project, collaborating with others in a lab, and completing an internship are all great ways to accomplish this.\\nThe Society of Technology sponsors summer internships, so check its website for information on opportunities you can apply for.\\nYou can also ask professors for ideas about special projects, or contact labs directly about the possibility of working as an intern.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get an advanced degree.\", \"描述\": \"Most toxicologists have Ph.Ds, and a smaller number of them have master's degrees. Very few have only a bachelor's degree. If you are serious about becoming a toxicologist, you will have more opportunities if you pursue an advanced degree. While earning your Ph.D, you will take coursework, collaborate in labs, and develop a research project in your area of interest, culminating in a written dissertation describing your findings.\\nLook for graduate programs in toxicology or a related area. Choose a program based on its overall strength, but also its expertise in the area you want to study. For instance, if you are interested in the toxicology of pharmaceutical drugs, make sure that the graduate programs you apply to have labs and/or professors who are also working on this topic.\\nLearn about the financial support available for graduate programs. Typically, graduate programs are funded by scholarships, teaching assistantships, research assistantships, or a combination of these.\\nTake the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) about nine months before applying to graduate programs, and start working on your applications as soon as possible.\\nIt is possible to work in toxicology without an advanced degree, but opportunities will probably be limited to lab assistant positions.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Entering the Field\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work as a postdoc.\", \"描述\": \"After getting an advanced degree, many would-be toxicologists first work as a postdoctoral fellow in a research setting, sometimes for a few years. Opportunities are available in academia, government, and industry. While working as a postdoc, you will continue to pursue research or other specialized projects related to your area of expertise, but will gain more experience in supervising others, grant writing, and other areas that will increase yoru skills and job prospects.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look for a job.\", \"描述\": \"When you have gained the right combination of education, skills, and experience, you will be ready to find full-time, regular work as a toxicologist. The field is growing, and so opportunities for toxicologists are available in a variety of settings.\\nSome toxicologists work in academia (at colleges and universities), performing research independently or as part of a group, and often teaching courses to undergraduate and/or graduate students.\\nA wide range of government agencies hire toxicologists to work on topics related to public health, environmental concerns, and forensics.\\nSome toxicologists work in medical fields, studying the effects of toxins on the human body.\\nMany toxicologists are hired in the private sector to help industries (ranging from manufacturing to pharmaceuticals) ensure safe products or services, and understand the effects and risks of toxic or potentially toxic materials.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Utilize your skills and education in your job.\", \"描述\": \"Toxicology is a demanding field that requires expertise and hard work. Once you enter the field, however, you will find that there are opportunities to do work that fascinates you and makes a real difference in the world. As a toxicologist, you may do things like:\\nIdentify toxins in individuals, animals, and the environment.\\nPlan experiments to learn about the effects of toxins.\\nShare your knowledge to assist in criminal investigations.\\nDevelop recommendations on how to protect against toxins.\\nUse highly specialized equipment and computer programs.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Explore alternative careers.\", \"描述\": \"Not everyone who is interested in toxicology has to or wants to work as a toxicologist. Opportunities are available in a variety of related fields, and those with training in toxicology may have job titles including:\\nForensic scientist\\nFood technologist\\nLaboratory technician\\nResearch scientist\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Developing Your Skills\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Join professional societies.\", \"描述\": \"As a practicing toxicologist, you will benefit from communicating with your peers. Professional organizations of toxicologists provide opportunities to network, attend conferences, share research, learn about job opportunities, etc. Depending on your location and interests, you may join societies such as:\\nThe Society of Toxicology\\nThe American College of Toxicology\\nThe American College of Medical Toxicology.\\nThe British Toxicology Society\\nThe UK Register of Toxicologists\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Publish your research findings.\", \"描述\": \"If you are pursuing research in toxicology, you can share your work with others by publishing in academic journals. This is a great way to establish yourself in the field, and to earn credentials that can help lead to professional opportunities. Journals publishing toxicological research include:\\nAnnual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology\\nForensic Toxicology\\nToxicological Sciences\\nCritical Reviews in Toxicology\\nJournal of Medical Toxicology\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get certified.\", \"描述\": \"After working for a time as a toxicologist, you can pursue advanced certification to verify your skills and distinguish yourself professionally. Employers and the public will value the work of a certified toxicologist even more. The exact requirements for certification depends on the board offering the certification, but may involve documentation of your work experience, continuing education courses, and the payment of a fee. for You can seek certification from organizations such as:\\nThe Royal College of Pathologists\\nThe Royal Society of Biology\\nThe American Board of Forensic Toxicology\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,830 |
How to Become a Trader
|
1. Preparing to Become a Trader
1-1. Determine which type of trader you would like to become.
There are a variety of different types of traders which you can become, so spend some time thinking about what role and job description fits your skills and interests most. Most traders will work for a company, buying and selling shares, bonds and assets for investors. Flow traders work for banks, buying and selling for the bank’s clients. Proprietary traders buy and sell on behalf of the bank itself.
Sales traders act as intermediaries between a client and the market, investing their clients’ money. They talk to clients directly, advising them on the market and investment opportunities.
The main difference is that sales traders only invest where instructed by their clients, so the trader is not taking a risk with the investment.
Some traders will specialise in a particular product or market area.
You could also work independently as a day trader if you had enough capital.
1-2. Recognise the skills you need.
Trading is a very demanding job that requires a particular skill set, as well as the ability to learn new things quickly and adapt to a constantly changing environment. Before you think about getting the official qualifications and certifications you will need, consider the general skills that a trader must demonstrate.
Traders will need exceptional analytical skills and an aptitude for working with large amounts of quantitative data.
Traders will also need softer skills, such as the ability to communicate well with clients and provide detailed advice on market movements and opportunities.
You must be able to work well in a team, but take responsibility for yourself.
Traders must have a keen interest in the workings of the market and be able to learn quickly.
Traders need very strong personal discipline and motivation. You will have to make split second decisions without emotion, based on your analysis.
1-3. Learn about the world of trading.
Spend some time researching and learning about trading, how markets work, and what the daily working life of a trader involves, before you commit to a course of education and training. A trader’s day will involve analysing the market, and providing detailed market reports to clients or colleagues.
You will look for mispriced assets or other opportunities.
You will work to keep people informed and up-to-date on relevant events and prospects in the markets, liaising closely with clients and colleagues and building strong working relationships.
You will make numerous trades, acting quickly to respond to the shifting financial landscape.
You may seek to gain new clients and present opportunities to them.
1-4. Get a good degree.
It is not necessarily essential to have a degree to become a trader, but the competition to work for a major financial institution is considerable. Without a high-quality degree from a prestigious university, you will have a difficult time getting a foot in the door. It may in some instances be possible to enter through an administrative position, make some contacts, and work your way up to a trading position. In theory you do not need a degree in a specific subject, but the following areas are those most highly valued:
Economics.
Mathematics.
Finance.
Accountancy.
Sciences.
1-5. Look for internship opportunities.
While you are studying you can help yourself get ahead by actively seeking out internships or summer placements. A placement will give you valuable experience of the realities of daily working life as a trader, but it will also help you to develop contacts who may then help you get your first graduate position.
Many financial institutions will run schemes, so it is often best to contact one directly to inquire about the possibilities.
You can also ask your professors, who may have a contact or a recommendation for you.
There are also a number of websites that list internship opportunities online that you can search through.
2. Becoming a Trader at a Company
2-1. Become a graduate trainee.
Once you have achieved a good degree in a relevant subject, the first step is usually to get a position as a graduate trainee at a bank or investment company. These are highly competitive, so you will need a very strong academic record as well as a real enthusiasm and commitment to working as a trader. Employers will be looking for candidates who have excellent numeracy and quantitative analytical skills.
But employers will also want people who have strong interpersonal and communication skills.
You should try to demonstrate strong mental and physical stamina, and a preparedness to work exceptionally hard.
2-2. Try to network.
The competition is fierce, and often employers will have a large number of excellent candidates for a small number of positions. In this situation networking and personal recommendations can be highly beneficial, and help you stand out from the crowd. Talk to your university and try to identify people who are working in the industry who are happy to be contacted by a fellow alumni.
Ask around friends and family to see if there is someone you know working in trading.
Stay persistent throughout. It is a difficult industry to break into so you will need to prepare for a long struggle, and not be put off by some setbacks.
2-3. Pursue further qualifications and certifications.
Once you have got yourself onto a graduate trainee scheme, you will still be required to continue your education. You will need a licence before you are actually able to buy and sell on the markets. The requirements for this will depend on where in the world you. In the US, you must obtain a Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) licence.
In the UK, you must become an approved person by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA).
You will take the necessary qualifications as part of your graduate position.
Usually the company will pay for your examinations, but you will have to commit a lot of spare time to studying and preparing.
This may include attending lectures, seminars and conferences.
You will also be expected to pick up the more practical everyday skills by shadowing a more senior colleague.
2-4. Move your way up the ladder.
Most often, your first two years in a position will be considered your traineeship. This is when you will get certification, and help out around the office, learning the ropes on a variety of tasks. You need to work very hard, be patient, and always look for opportunities to develop your knowledge, skills and experience. After two years of satisfactory performance, you may be moved up to the next level and become a trader or analyst.
You will need to have completed all your exams and be fully certified before you can trade.
After a few successful years you can expect to move up to an associate position.
The next step up to executive level is much rarer and harder to achieve.
3. Trading Independently
3-1. Recognise the risks.
You can become an independent day trader, trading with your own or a client’s money. If you are thinking of doing this, ensure that you are not committing money that you cannot afford to lose. It is estimated that around 90% of day traders lose money, so you shouldn’t be thinking of trading as a way to make a quick buck to get out of a job you hate.
This is a job that requires professional training and extensive knowledge.
You will also need sufficient hardware and software to create your own trading desk.
You should be realistic about the profits you want to make, and don’t take it lightly.
3-2. Practice with paper trading.
Before you commit your own or somebody else’s money to the market, spend some time carrying out theoretical paper trades. This gives you an opportunity to experiment and learn about markets before using actual capital. There are some good electronic tools out there to help with paper trading, where instead of actually making a trade, the beginner just postulates a trade and tracks the result.
Understanding the markets is essential to any trader. You need to have an in-depth knowledge of the functioning of the market, including all the terminology.
You need to learn about the different securities, stocks, bonds and assets that you are interested in trading in.
3-3. Pass the certification exam.
You cannot become a proprietary trader in the US until you have passed the Series 57 Exam. This is a replacement for the Series 56 Exam that comes into place in January 2016. You may have completed some day trading courses, or even have a degree in a relevant subject, but if you have not passed the exam you are not a licensed trader.
You can register online for the exam.
The exam consists of 100 multiple-choice questions, and takes approximately two and a half hours to complete.
3-4. Acquire sufficient capital.
If you are making a go of trading, you will need significant capital to get you going. No traders constantly turn a profit, so there will be inevitable losses that you need to be able to cope with. The amount of capital you need will depend entirely on the type of trading you want to do, and how much trading you want to do.
One guide estimates that someone wanting to work full time as a day trader will need around $100,000 to get started.
Remember that every trade is a risk, and once you start trading you need to be managing those risks.
3-5. Create a strategy.
Before you commit any money it’s vital that you spend time coming up with at least two different trading strategies that you can then apply. You should never rush into a market, but have a well-worked out plan that you can implement. This should include information on how you will enter and exit the market, what kind of capital you will invest, the frequency of trades and the value of the trades.
Markets can be highly volatile. A clear plan is vital, but so is the ability to read situations and adapt to circumstances quickly.
If a strategy stops working, you need to be ready to adapt it or drop it. Having multiple strategies that you can use support each other is helpful.
3-6. Set up your office.
In order to start trading, you'll need access to the stock market. Unless you already work for a bank or other institution as an employed trader, you'll need to start by making an agreement with a broker or brokerage firm. If you plan to make fewer trades opt for a per trade plan with a broker, but if you will make a lot of trades discuss a staggered plan.
You will need some designated personal space to pursue market trading. If this space is in your home, you may be able to use it as a tax-deductible expense.
You will need the relevant software and a high-tech computer to monitor and track the markets and make quick trades.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:57",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing to Become a Trader\\n1-1. Determine which type of trader you would like to become.\\nThere are a variety of different types of traders which you can become, so spend some time thinking about what role and job description fits your skills and interests most. Most traders will work for a company, buying and selling shares, bonds and assets for investors. Flow traders work for banks, buying and selling for the bank’s clients. Proprietary traders buy and sell on behalf of the bank itself.\\nSales traders act as intermediaries between a client and the market, investing their clients’ money. They talk to clients directly, advising them on the market and investment opportunities.\\nThe main difference is that sales traders only invest where instructed by their clients, so the trader is not taking a risk with the investment.\\nSome traders will specialise in a particular product or market area.\\nYou could also work independently as a day trader if you had enough capital.\\n1-2. Recognise the skills you need.\\nTrading is a very demanding job that requires a particular skill set, as well as the ability to learn new things quickly and adapt to a constantly changing environment. Before you think about getting the official qualifications and certifications you will need, consider the general skills that a trader must demonstrate.\\nTraders will need exceptional analytical skills and an aptitude for working with large amounts of quantitative data.\\nTraders will also need softer skills, such as the ability to communicate well with clients and provide detailed advice on market movements and opportunities.\\nYou must be able to work well in a team, but take responsibility for yourself.\\nTraders must have a keen interest in the workings of the market and be able to learn quickly.\\nTraders need very strong personal discipline and motivation. You will have to make split second decisions without emotion, based on your analysis.\\n1-3. Learn about the world of trading.\\nSpend some time researching and learning about trading, how markets work, and what the daily working life of a trader involves, before you commit to a course of education and training. A trader’s day will involve analysing the market, and providing detailed market reports to clients or colleagues.\\nYou will look for mispriced assets or other opportunities.\\nYou will work to keep people informed and up-to-date on relevant events and prospects in the markets, liaising closely with clients and colleagues and building strong working relationships.\\nYou will make numerous trades, acting quickly to respond to the shifting financial landscape.\\nYou may seek to gain new clients and present opportunities to them.\\n1-4. Get a good degree.\\nIt is not necessarily essential to have a degree to become a trader, but the competition to work for a major financial institution is considerable. Without a high-quality degree from a prestigious university, you will have a difficult time getting a foot in the door. It may in some instances be possible to enter through an administrative position, make some contacts, and work your way up to a trading position. In theory you do not need a degree in a specific subject, but the following areas are those most highly valued:\\nEconomics.\\nMathematics.\\nFinance.\\nAccountancy.\\nSciences.\\n1-5. Look for internship opportunities.\\nWhile you are studying you can help yourself get ahead by actively seeking out internships or summer placements. A placement will give you valuable experience of the realities of daily working life as a trader, but it will also help you to develop contacts who may then help you get your first graduate position.\\nMany financial institutions will run schemes, so it is often best to contact one directly to inquire about the possibilities.\\nYou can also ask your professors, who may have a contact or a recommendation for you.\\nThere are also a number of websites that list internship opportunities online that you can search through.\\n2. Becoming a Trader at a Company\\n2-1. Become a graduate trainee.\\nOnce you have achieved a good degree in a relevant subject, the first step is usually to get a position as a graduate trainee at a bank or investment company. These are highly competitive, so you will need a very strong academic record as well as a real enthusiasm and commitment to working as a trader. Employers will be looking for candidates who have excellent numeracy and quantitative analytical skills.\\nBut employers will also want people who have strong interpersonal and communication skills.\\nYou should try to demonstrate strong mental and physical stamina, and a preparedness to work exceptionally hard.\\n2-2. Try to network.\\nThe competition is fierce, and often employers will have a large number of excellent candidates for a small number of positions. In this situation networking and personal recommendations can be highly beneficial, and help you stand out from the crowd. Talk to your university and try to identify people who are working in the industry who are happy to be contacted by a fellow alumni.\\nAsk around friends and family to see if there is someone you know working in trading.\\nStay persistent throughout. It is a difficult industry to break into so you will need to prepare for a long struggle, and not be put off by some setbacks.\\n2-3. Pursue further qualifications and certifications.\\nOnce you have got yourself onto a graduate trainee scheme, you will still be required to continue your education. You will need a licence before you are actually able to buy and sell on the markets. The requirements for this will depend on where in the world you. In the US, you must obtain a Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) licence.\\n In the UK, you must become an approved person by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA).\\nYou will take the necessary qualifications as part of your graduate position.\\nUsually the company will pay for your examinations, but you will have to commit a lot of spare time to studying and preparing.\\nThis may include attending lectures, seminars and conferences.\\nYou will also be expected to pick up the more practical everyday skills by shadowing a more senior colleague.\\n2-4. Move your way up the ladder.\\nMost often, your first two years in a position will be considered your traineeship. This is when you will get certification, and help out around the office, learning the ropes on a variety of tasks. You need to work very hard, be patient, and always look for opportunities to develop your knowledge, skills and experience. After two years of satisfactory performance, you may be moved up to the next level and become a trader or analyst.\\nYou will need to have completed all your exams and be fully certified before you can trade.\\nAfter a few successful years you can expect to move up to an associate position.\\nThe next step up to executive level is much rarer and harder to achieve.\\n3. Trading Independently\\n3-1. Recognise the risks.\\nYou can become an independent day trader, trading with your own or a client’s money. If you are thinking of doing this, ensure that you are not committing money that you cannot afford to lose. It is estimated that around 90% of day traders lose money, so you shouldn’t be thinking of trading as a way to make a quick buck to get out of a job you hate.\\nThis is a job that requires professional training and extensive knowledge.\\nYou will also need sufficient hardware and software to create your own trading desk.\\nYou should be realistic about the profits you want to make, and don’t take it lightly.\\n3-2. Practice with paper trading.\\nBefore you commit your own or somebody else’s money to the market, spend some time carrying out theoretical paper trades. This gives you an opportunity to experiment and learn about markets before using actual capital. There are some good electronic tools out there to help with paper trading, where instead of actually making a trade, the beginner just postulates a trade and tracks the result.\\nUnderstanding the markets is essential to any trader. You need to have an in-depth knowledge of the functioning of the market, including all the terminology.\\nYou need to learn about the different securities, stocks, bonds and assets that you are interested in trading in.\\n3-3. Pass the certification exam.\\nYou cannot become a proprietary trader in the US until you have passed the Series 57 Exam. This is a replacement for the Series 56 Exam that comes into place in January 2016. You may have completed some day trading courses, or even have a degree in a relevant subject, but if you have not passed the exam you are not a licensed trader.\\nYou can register online for the exam.\\nThe exam consists of 100 multiple-choice questions, and takes approximately two and a half hours to complete.\\n3-4. Acquire sufficient capital.\\nIf you are making a go of trading, you will need significant capital to get you going. No traders constantly turn a profit, so there will be inevitable losses that you need to be able to cope with. The amount of capital you need will depend entirely on the type of trading you want to do, and how much trading you want to do.\\nOne guide estimates that someone wanting to work full time as a day trader will need around $100,000 to get started.\\nRemember that every trade is a risk, and once you start trading you need to be managing those risks.\\n3-5. Create a strategy.\\nBefore you commit any money it’s vital that you spend time coming up with at least two different trading strategies that you can then apply. You should never rush into a market, but have a well-worked out plan that you can implement. This should include information on how you will enter and exit the market, what kind of capital you will invest, the frequency of trades and the value of the trades.\\nMarkets can be highly volatile. A clear plan is vital, but so is the ability to read situations and adapt to circumstances quickly.\\nIf a strategy stops working, you need to be ready to adapt it or drop it. Having multiple strategies that you can use support each other is helpful.\\n3-6. Set up your office.\\nIn order to start trading, you'll need access to the stock market. Unless you already work for a bank or other institution as an employed trader, you'll need to start by making an agreement with a broker or brokerage firm. If you plan to make fewer trades opt for a per trade plan with a broker, but if you will make a lot of trades discuss a staggered plan.\\nYou will need some designated personal space to pursue market trading. If this space is in your home, you may be able to use it as a tax-deductible expense.\\nYou will need the relevant software and a high-tech computer to monitor and track the markets and make quick trades.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Traders have to be able to quickly analyse lots of information and make well-informed decisions under high levels of pressure. Trading can be very profitable, but is also high risk. You can work for a financial institution, trading with the bank’s money, or money from the bank’s clients. You can also work with your own clients, advising them on good investment opportunities.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing to Become a Trader\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine which type of trader you would like to become.\", \"描述\": \"There are a variety of different types of traders which you can become, so spend some time thinking about what role and job description fits your skills and interests most. Most traders will work for a company, buying and selling shares, bonds and assets for investors. Flow traders work for banks, buying and selling for the bank’s clients. Proprietary traders buy and sell on behalf of the bank itself.\\nSales traders act as intermediaries between a client and the market, investing their clients’ money. They talk to clients directly, advising them on the market and investment opportunities.\\nThe main difference is that sales traders only invest where instructed by their clients, so the trader is not taking a risk with the investment.\\nSome traders will specialise in a particular product or market area.\\nYou could also work independently as a day trader if you had enough capital.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Recognise the skills you need.\", \"描述\": \"Trading is a very demanding job that requires a particular skill set, as well as the ability to learn new things quickly and adapt to a constantly changing environment. Before you think about getting the official qualifications and certifications you will need, consider the general skills that a trader must demonstrate.\\nTraders will need exceptional analytical skills and an aptitude for working with large amounts of quantitative data.\\nTraders will also need softer skills, such as the ability to communicate well with clients and provide detailed advice on market movements and opportunities.\\nYou must be able to work well in a team, but take responsibility for yourself.\\nTraders must have a keen interest in the workings of the market and be able to learn quickly.\\nTraders need very strong personal discipline and motivation. You will have to make split second decisions without emotion, based on your analysis.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn about the world of trading.\", \"描述\": \"Spend some time researching and learning about trading, how markets work, and what the daily working life of a trader involves, before you commit to a course of education and training. A trader’s day will involve analysing the market, and providing detailed market reports to clients or colleagues.\\nYou will look for mispriced assets or other opportunities.\\nYou will work to keep people informed and up-to-date on relevant events and prospects in the markets, liaising closely with clients and colleagues and building strong working relationships.\\nYou will make numerous trades, acting quickly to respond to the shifting financial landscape.\\nYou may seek to gain new clients and present opportunities to them.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get a good degree.\", \"描述\": \"It is not necessarily essential to have a degree to become a trader, but the competition to work for a major financial institution is considerable. Without a high-quality degree from a prestigious university, you will have a difficult time getting a foot in the door. It may in some instances be possible to enter through an administrative position, make some contacts, and work your way up to a trading position. In theory you do not need a degree in a specific subject, but the following areas are those most highly valued:\\nEconomics.\\nMathematics.\\nFinance.\\nAccountancy.\\nSciences.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Look for internship opportunities.\", \"描述\": \"While you are studying you can help yourself get ahead by actively seeking out internships or summer placements. A placement will give you valuable experience of the realities of daily working life as a trader, but it will also help you to develop contacts who may then help you get your first graduate position.\\nMany financial institutions will run schemes, so it is often best to contact one directly to inquire about the possibilities.\\nYou can also ask your professors, who may have a contact or a recommendation for you.\\nThere are also a number of websites that list internship opportunities online that you can search through.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Trader at a Company\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Become a graduate trainee.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have achieved a good degree in a relevant subject, the first step is usually to get a position as a graduate trainee at a bank or investment company. These are highly competitive, so you will need a very strong academic record as well as a real enthusiasm and commitment to working as a trader. Employers will be looking for candidates who have excellent numeracy and quantitative analytical skills.\\nBut employers will also want people who have strong interpersonal and communication skills.\\nYou should try to demonstrate strong mental and physical stamina, and a preparedness to work exceptionally hard.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try to network.\", \"描述\": \"The competition is fierce, and often employers will have a large number of excellent candidates for a small number of positions. In this situation networking and personal recommendations can be highly beneficial, and help you stand out from the crowd. Talk to your university and try to identify people who are working in the industry who are happy to be contacted by a fellow alumni.\\nAsk around friends and family to see if there is someone you know working in trading.\\nStay persistent throughout. It is a difficult industry to break into so you will need to prepare for a long struggle, and not be put off by some setbacks.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pursue further qualifications and certifications.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have got yourself onto a graduate trainee scheme, you will still be required to continue your education. You will need a licence before you are actually able to buy and sell on the markets. The requirements for this will depend on where in the world you. In the US, you must obtain a Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) licence.\\n In the UK, you must become an approved person by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA).\\nYou will take the necessary qualifications as part of your graduate position.\\nUsually the company will pay for your examinations, but you will have to commit a lot of spare time to studying and preparing.\\nThis may include attending lectures, seminars and conferences.\\nYou will also be expected to pick up the more practical everyday skills by shadowing a more senior colleague.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Move your way up the ladder.\", \"描述\": \"Most often, your first two years in a position will be considered your traineeship. This is when you will get certification, and help out around the office, learning the ropes on a variety of tasks. You need to work very hard, be patient, and always look for opportunities to develop your knowledge, skills and experience. After two years of satisfactory performance, you may be moved up to the next level and become a trader or analyst.\\nYou will need to have completed all your exams and be fully certified before you can trade.\\nAfter a few successful years you can expect to move up to an associate position.\\nThe next step up to executive level is much rarer and harder to achieve.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Trading Independently\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Recognise the risks.\", \"描述\": \"You can become an independent day trader, trading with your own or a client’s money. If you are thinking of doing this, ensure that you are not committing money that you cannot afford to lose. It is estimated that around 90% of day traders lose money, so you shouldn’t be thinking of trading as a way to make a quick buck to get out of a job you hate.\\nThis is a job that requires professional training and extensive knowledge.\\nYou will also need sufficient hardware and software to create your own trading desk.\\nYou should be realistic about the profits you want to make, and don’t take it lightly.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Practice with paper trading.\", \"描述\": \"Before you commit your own or somebody else’s money to the market, spend some time carrying out theoretical paper trades. This gives you an opportunity to experiment and learn about markets before using actual capital. There are some good electronic tools out there to help with paper trading, where instead of actually making a trade, the beginner just postulates a trade and tracks the result.\\nUnderstanding the markets is essential to any trader. You need to have an in-depth knowledge of the functioning of the market, including all the terminology.\\nYou need to learn about the different securities, stocks, bonds and assets that you are interested in trading in.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pass the certification exam.\", \"描述\": \"You cannot become a proprietary trader in the US until you have passed the Series 57 Exam. This is a replacement for the Series 56 Exam that comes into place in January 2016. You may have completed some day trading courses, or even have a degree in a relevant subject, but if you have not passed the exam you are not a licensed trader.\\nYou can register online for the exam.\\nThe exam consists of 100 multiple-choice questions, and takes approximately two and a half hours to complete.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Acquire sufficient capital.\", \"描述\": \"If you are making a go of trading, you will need significant capital to get you going. No traders constantly turn a profit, so there will be inevitable losses that you need to be able to cope with. The amount of capital you need will depend entirely on the type of trading you want to do, and how much trading you want to do.\\nOne guide estimates that someone wanting to work full time as a day trader will need around $100,000 to get started.\\nRemember that every trade is a risk, and once you start trading you need to be managing those risks.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Create a strategy.\", \"描述\": \"Before you commit any money it’s vital that you spend time coming up with at least two different trading strategies that you can then apply. You should never rush into a market, but have a well-worked out plan that you can implement. This should include information on how you will enter and exit the market, what kind of capital you will invest, the frequency of trades and the value of the trades.\\nMarkets can be highly volatile. A clear plan is vital, but so is the ability to read situations and adapt to circumstances quickly.\\nIf a strategy stops working, you need to be ready to adapt it or drop it. Having multiple strategies that you can use support each other is helpful.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Set up your office.\", \"描述\": \"In order to start trading, you'll need access to the stock market. Unless you already work for a bank or other institution as an employed trader, you'll need to start by making an agreement with a broker or brokerage firm. If you plan to make fewer trades opt for a per trade plan with a broker, but if you will make a lot of trades discuss a staggered plan.\\nYou will need some designated personal space to pursue market trading. If this space is in your home, you may be able to use it as a tax-deductible expense.\\nYou will need the relevant software and a high-tech computer to monitor and track the markets and make quick trades.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,831 |
How to Become a Train Conductor
|
1. Understanding the Job
1-1. Speak with current and former train conductors.
Ask a lot of questions about the job, and try to decide whether it's right for you.
Ask about the pay, the hours, the co-workers, the passengers. Ask about the skills you'll need and the skills that you'll develop. Ask how conductors balance their job with their social lives. Ask what it's like to work for specific rail companies. Ask how conductors got to where they are today.
If you ride a train, try to take the opportunity to speak to the conductor. Say, "Do you have a minute? I'm interested in becoming a conductor myself, and I was wondering if you had any tips."
Read online forums about the train industry, and read the personal accounts of past and present conductors. Don't be afraid to reach out to conductors for more information--even if you're just asking questions through a forum. You may find that many veteran conductors are happy to share their expertise with you.
1-2. Understand what the job entails.
Train conductors are responsible for the train, the freight, the passengers, and the crew. If you're working on a passenger train, daily tasks will include:
Checking that the carriages are clean before the start of a journey;
Making sure equipment, doors, and controls are working properly;
Walking through carriages during the journey, checking tickets and travel documents;
Answering passengers' questions about routes, arrival times and connections;
Making announcements over the public address system;
Making sure passengers get on and off the train safely;
Dealing with unexpected delays or emergencies--for example, a passenger falling ill;
Writing reports detailing any delays or incidents that occur during each journey.
1-3. Understand the costs and the benefits.
You'll get to travel extensively, as a conductor, and you'll make a solid living--but the train life can be lonely, and your family life may suffer if you need to spend days at a time away from home.
You can make more than $80,000 a year working as a train conductor--nearly $39/hour. In May 2011, the lowest-paid train conductors were making below $39,120, or $18.84/hour. The average industry salary was $56,570 per year, roughly $27.20/hour.
Rail companies tend to provide excellent benefits and retirement packages.
You'll get to travel the country and see a new place every day--and get paid to do it. You'll learn the ins and outs of the train industry. You'll get to spend a majority of your days riding trains around.
If you're working as a conductor on a passenger train, you'll interact with passengers on a daily basis, assuring their safety and meeting their needs. If you work on a freight train, you'll be primarily dealing with the driver, the yard workers, and the freight itself; if you're the type of person that needs to be around people all the time, you may grow lonely from freight life.
1-4. Understand the track ahead.
If you don't have any prior experience in the transport industry, you will likely need to start out working on the train crew as a switch-person or a brake person.
Switch people and brake people work for rail lines as on-the-ground traffic control. These are entry-level positions: you can get a job with Union Pacific, for instance, without any prior railway experience.
As a train crew member, you'll be assigned to a specific hub--a major city--and this will determine the geographic region in which you work. You may be required to travel, and you may be assigned work at any location within that geographic hub.
Switch person and brake-person positions directly lead to becoming a conductor or a locomotive engineer (train driver). If you're serious about the industry, consider taking a job in a rail yard and working your way up to a conductor position.
In the train industry, many assignments are given in accordance with seniority. Work hard, be patient, and make connections.
If you do apply directly to a conductor position, and you are qualified, most rail companies will pay to train you for the job. If you're at the top tier of applicants, depending on the rail company, you may be able to become a train conductor within as little as three months.
2. Applying for the Job
2-1. Prepare a resume
You'll need a strong resume to apply to a railway company, and experience in the transportation industry will work in your favor.
Be honest about your qualifications. Make sure that your past employment information, criminal history, and driving history are as accurate as possible. Train conductors must pass a mandatory background check; count on the check to uncover any skeletons in your closet, provided that they're on your public record.
Your resume and cover letter should demonstrate that you are responsible, accountable, and able to work well under pressure.
The only requirements are a high school diploma (or GED equivalent) and 2-3 years of general work experience (or college). However, your resume will look much stronger if you have worked in the transportation or safety industries; experience as a bus driver, tram driver, or ferry pilot will especially qualify you.
Any experience with operations--in the transport industry, the food industry, retail, etc.-- will work in your favor.
2-2. Apply for the job.
Search for job openings--you can search through third-party job-placement websites, or you can inquire directly with specific railroads. Bear in mind that unless you have past experience, you may need to get in on the ground level as a yard worker or a train crew member.
Most of the major railroads in the United States are constantly hiring conductors. The job market for train conductors is expected to expand by 5% by 2020, driven largely by population growth and global trade along with a flux of aging, retiring conductors. In the U.S., however, a lack of new railway construction stunts the growth of the industry.
Apply for as many positions as you can. If you want to work in a particular region, apply to railroads that run through that region. Check a company's website for information about where the lines run.
Keep in mind that safety plays an enormous role in the duties of a train conductor. Again, prior experience as a bus driver or a tram driver will work strongly in your favor.
2-3. Attend a hiring event and do well on the employment test.
If you meet the qualifications for a specific railroad, the company will invite you to a hiring event, where you will take a pre-employment test.
The test typically includes reading comprehension and simple mechanical problems. Even if you're proficient in these skills, it never hurts to brush up before an important test.
Dress as you would for any professional job interview. Men, wear a button-down and a tie. Women, wear a work-appropriate dress or pantsuit.
2-4. Ace the interview
If you do well on the hiring test, you'll be interviewed individually. If you ace your interview, you will receive a conditional job offer.
At the interview, be polite, composed, and professional. Display that you are good with people and that you can remain calm under pressure. If you have any prior transportation experience--such as working as a bus driver--this is the time to talk it up.
If you receive a conditional job offer, then congratulations: you're almost hired! You will need to pass a medical exam and a background check. The medical exam includes a drug test, so aspiring Casey Jones's should "watch their speed" during the application process. In the transportation industry, more-so than most industries, it's important that employees are clear-headed, responsible, and able to respond quickly to emergencies.
2-5. Pass the medical exam, the drug screen, and the background check.
If you do, you will receive a job offer.
Congratulations! You will now attend train conductor school at your railroad's training facility, and you will be starting your new career.
3. Completing Job Training and Becoming a Conductor
3-1. Ask the hiring managers at your new railroad company about the job training procedure.
Some train companies require new conductors to complete a 5-6 week training program--often offered through a community college or technical school. These programs often lead to a certificate in railroad conductor technology. Courses in the program usually cover the rules of operation, safety, signals, rail equipment, and train conductor duties.
For the most part, hands-on experience in the railroad industry is considered to be the strongest preparation for a conductor job.
3-2. Patiently complete any on-the-job training.
Once you've been hired, trained, and assigned to a location or "hub", many rail companies will require that you undergo 8-22 weeks of additional on-the-job training at your assigned location.
If you do well, the on-the-job "training" period may end much sooner than is possible--so listen, learn, and try to absorb as much information as you can about the industry.
3-3. Take it seriously.
If you wind up working full-time as a train conductor, you may be responsible for the safety and comfort of hundreds of passengers each day. You may responsible for thousands--or millions--of dollars worth of cargo.
Be responsible and be accountable. Show up for work when you're called, even though the hours may be haphazard; refrain from substance use, and make sure that you get plenty of sleep. Treat the job as an honor, not just a way to pay the bills.
Respect your passengers. Times may come when you must be stern; you may even need to throw someone off of a train if they don't have a ticket or they're causing a ruckus. However, if you're working on a passenger train, you'll work closely with these people day in and day out--so be upbeat, be polite, and be patient.
Respect your elders. Many railroad employees have been working the lines for decades. It will do you well to listen and learn from those who have been in the industry longer than you.
Tips
Prepare a resume with a strong emphasis on safety.
Make sure that you're honest on the application. The mandatory background check will uncover anything you try to hide.
Be patient; the hiring process may take a few months. No news is good news.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:58",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Understanding the Job\\n1-1. Speak with current and former train conductors.\\nAsk a lot of questions about the job, and try to decide whether it's right for you.\\nAsk about the pay, the hours, the co-workers, the passengers. Ask about the skills you'll need and the skills that you'll develop. Ask how conductors balance their job with their social lives. Ask what it's like to work for specific rail companies. Ask how conductors got to where they are today.\\nIf you ride a train, try to take the opportunity to speak to the conductor. Say, \\\"Do you have a minute? I'm interested in becoming a conductor myself, and I was wondering if you had any tips.\\\"\\nRead online forums about the train industry, and read the personal accounts of past and present conductors. Don't be afraid to reach out to conductors for more information--even if you're just asking questions through a forum. You may find that many veteran conductors are happy to share their expertise with you.\\n1-2. Understand what the job entails.\\nTrain conductors are responsible for the train, the freight, the passengers, and the crew. If you're working on a passenger train, daily tasks will include:\\nChecking that the carriages are clean before the start of a journey;\\nMaking sure equipment, doors, and controls are working properly;\\nWalking through carriages during the journey, checking tickets and travel documents;\\nAnswering passengers' questions about routes, arrival times and connections;\\nMaking announcements over the public address system;\\nMaking sure passengers get on and off the train safely;\\nDealing with unexpected delays or emergencies--for example, a passenger falling ill;\\nWriting reports detailing any delays or incidents that occur during each journey.\\n1-3. Understand the costs and the benefits.\\nYou'll get to travel extensively, as a conductor, and you'll make a solid living--but the train life can be lonely, and your family life may suffer if you need to spend days at a time away from home.\\nYou can make more than $80,000 a year working as a train conductor--nearly $39/hour. In May 2011, the lowest-paid train conductors were making below $39,120, or $18.84/hour. The average industry salary was $56,570 per year, roughly $27.20/hour.\\nRail companies tend to provide excellent benefits and retirement packages.\\nYou'll get to travel the country and see a new place every day--and get paid to do it. You'll learn the ins and outs of the train industry. You'll get to spend a majority of your days riding trains around.\\nIf you're working as a conductor on a passenger train, you'll interact with passengers on a daily basis, assuring their safety and meeting their needs. If you work on a freight train, you'll be primarily dealing with the driver, the yard workers, and the freight itself; if you're the type of person that needs to be around people all the time, you may grow lonely from freight life.\\n1-4. Understand the track ahead.\\nIf you don't have any prior experience in the transport industry, you will likely need to start out working on the train crew as a switch-person or a brake person.\\nSwitch people and brake people work for rail lines as on-the-ground traffic control. These are entry-level positions: you can get a job with Union Pacific, for instance, without any prior railway experience.\\nAs a train crew member, you'll be assigned to a specific hub--a major city--and this will determine the geographic region in which you work. You may be required to travel, and you may be assigned work at any location within that geographic hub.\\nSwitch person and brake-person positions directly lead to becoming a conductor or a locomotive engineer (train driver). If you're serious about the industry, consider taking a job in a rail yard and working your way up to a conductor position.\\nIn the train industry, many assignments are given in accordance with seniority. Work hard, be patient, and make connections.\\nIf you do apply directly to a conductor position, and you are qualified, most rail companies will pay to train you for the job. If you're at the top tier of applicants, depending on the rail company, you may be able to become a train conductor within as little as three months.\\n2. Applying for the Job\\n2-1. Prepare a resume\\nYou'll need a strong resume to apply to a railway company, and experience in the transportation industry will work in your favor.\\nBe honest about your qualifications. Make sure that your past employment information, criminal history, and driving history are as accurate as possible. Train conductors must pass a mandatory background check; count on the check to uncover any skeletons in your closet, provided that they're on your public record.\\nYour resume and cover letter should demonstrate that you are responsible, accountable, and able to work well under pressure.\\nThe only requirements are a high school diploma (or GED equivalent) and 2-3 years of general work experience (or college). However, your resume will look much stronger if you have worked in the transportation or safety industries; experience as a bus driver, tram driver, or ferry pilot will especially qualify you.\\nAny experience with operations--in the transport industry, the food industry, retail, etc.-- will work in your favor.\\n2-2. Apply for the job.\\nSearch for job openings--you can search through third-party job-placement websites, or you can inquire directly with specific railroads. Bear in mind that unless you have past experience, you may need to get in on the ground level as a yard worker or a train crew member.\\nMost of the major railroads in the United States are constantly hiring conductors. The job market for train conductors is expected to expand by 5% by 2020, driven largely by population growth and global trade along with a flux of aging, retiring conductors. In the U.S., however, a lack of new railway construction stunts the growth of the industry.\\nApply for as many positions as you can. If you want to work in a particular region, apply to railroads that run through that region. Check a company's website for information about where the lines run.\\nKeep in mind that safety plays an enormous role in the duties of a train conductor. Again, prior experience as a bus driver or a tram driver will work strongly in your favor.\\n2-3. Attend a hiring event and do well on the employment test.\\nIf you meet the qualifications for a specific railroad, the company will invite you to a hiring event, where you will take a pre-employment test.\\nThe test typically includes reading comprehension and simple mechanical problems. Even if you're proficient in these skills, it never hurts to brush up before an important test.\\nDress as you would for any professional job interview. Men, wear a button-down and a tie. Women, wear a work-appropriate dress or pantsuit.\\n2-4. Ace the interview\\nIf you do well on the hiring test, you'll be interviewed individually. If you ace your interview, you will receive a conditional job offer.\\nAt the interview, be polite, composed, and professional. Display that you are good with people and that you can remain calm under pressure. If you have any prior transportation experience--such as working as a bus driver--this is the time to talk it up.\\nIf you receive a conditional job offer, then congratulations: you're almost hired! You will need to pass a medical exam and a background check. The medical exam includes a drug test, so aspiring Casey Jones's should \\\"watch their speed\\\" during the application process. In the transportation industry, more-so than most industries, it's important that employees are clear-headed, responsible, and able to respond quickly to emergencies.\\n2-5. Pass the medical exam, the drug screen, and the background check.\\nIf you do, you will receive a job offer.\\nCongratulations! You will now attend train conductor school at your railroad's training facility, and you will be starting your new career.\\n3. Completing Job Training and Becoming a Conductor\\n3-1. Ask the hiring managers at your new railroad company about the job training procedure.\\nSome train companies require new conductors to complete a 5-6 week training program--often offered through a community college or technical school. These programs often lead to a certificate in railroad conductor technology. Courses in the program usually cover the rules of operation, safety, signals, rail equipment, and train conductor duties.\\nFor the most part, hands-on experience in the railroad industry is considered to be the strongest preparation for a conductor job.\\n3-2. Patiently complete any on-the-job training.\\nOnce you've been hired, trained, and assigned to a location or \\\"hub\\\", many rail companies will require that you undergo 8-22 weeks of additional on-the-job training at your assigned location.\\nIf you do well, the on-the-job \\\"training\\\" period may end much sooner than is possible--so listen, learn, and try to absorb as much information as you can about the industry.\\n3-3. Take it seriously.\\nIf you wind up working full-time as a train conductor, you may be responsible for the safety and comfort of hundreds of passengers each day. You may responsible for thousands--or millions--of dollars worth of cargo.\\nBe responsible and be accountable. Show up for work when you're called, even though the hours may be haphazard; refrain from substance use, and make sure that you get plenty of sleep. Treat the job as an honor, not just a way to pay the bills.\\nRespect your passengers. Times may come when you must be stern; you may even need to throw someone off of a train if they don't have a ticket or they're causing a ruckus. However, if you're working on a passenger train, you'll work closely with these people day in and day out--so be upbeat, be polite, and be patient.\\nRespect your elders. Many railroad employees have been working the lines for decades. It will do you well to listen and learn from those who have been in the industry longer than you.\\nTips\\nPrepare a resume with a strong emphasis on safety.\\nMake sure that you're honest on the application. The mandatory background check will uncover anything you try to hide.\\nBe patient; the hiring process may take a few months. No news is good news.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Train conductors are responsible for holding together the train, the freight, the passengers, and the crew. You will work with the driver or engineer to bring the train safely and quickly from station to station. Be prepared to travel for days at a time and work long hours--often through the night and over the weekend. Be prepared to check tickets, deal closely with passengers, and ensure that the journey is safe and comfortable for everyone on board. You can make as much as $80,000 a year working as a train conductor (although the average industry salary was $56,570 per year as of May 2011), and train companies tend to provide excellent benefits and retirement packages.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understanding the Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Speak with current and former train conductors.\", \"描述\": \"Ask a lot of questions about the job, and try to decide whether it's right for you.\\nAsk about the pay, the hours, the co-workers, the passengers. Ask about the skills you'll need and the skills that you'll develop. Ask how conductors balance their job with their social lives. Ask what it's like to work for specific rail companies. Ask how conductors got to where they are today.\\nIf you ride a train, try to take the opportunity to speak to the conductor. Say, \\\"Do you have a minute? I'm interested in becoming a conductor myself, and I was wondering if you had any tips.\\\"\\nRead online forums about the train industry, and read the personal accounts of past and present conductors. Don't be afraid to reach out to conductors for more information--even if you're just asking questions through a forum. You may find that many veteran conductors are happy to share their expertise with you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understand what the job entails.\", \"描述\": \"Train conductors are responsible for the train, the freight, the passengers, and the crew. If you're working on a passenger train, daily tasks will include:\\nChecking that the carriages are clean before the start of a journey;\\nMaking sure equipment, doors, and controls are working properly;\\nWalking through carriages during the journey, checking tickets and travel documents;\\nAnswering passengers' questions about routes, arrival times and connections;\\nMaking announcements over the public address system;\\nMaking sure passengers get on and off the train safely;\\nDealing with unexpected delays or emergencies--for example, a passenger falling ill;\\nWriting reports detailing any delays or incidents that occur during each journey.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understand the costs and the benefits.\", \"描述\": \"You'll get to travel extensively, as a conductor, and you'll make a solid living--but the train life can be lonely, and your family life may suffer if you need to spend days at a time away from home.\\nYou can make more than $80,000 a year working as a train conductor--nearly $39/hour. In May 2011, the lowest-paid train conductors were making below $39,120, or $18.84/hour. The average industry salary was $56,570 per year, roughly $27.20/hour.\\nRail companies tend to provide excellent benefits and retirement packages.\\nYou'll get to travel the country and see a new place every day--and get paid to do it. You'll learn the ins and outs of the train industry. You'll get to spend a majority of your days riding trains around.\\nIf you're working as a conductor on a passenger train, you'll interact with passengers on a daily basis, assuring their safety and meeting their needs. If you work on a freight train, you'll be primarily dealing with the driver, the yard workers, and the freight itself; if you're the type of person that needs to be around people all the time, you may grow lonely from freight life.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Understand the track ahead.\", \"描述\": \"If you don't have any prior experience in the transport industry, you will likely need to start out working on the train crew as a switch-person or a brake person.\\nSwitch people and brake people work for rail lines as on-the-ground traffic control. These are entry-level positions: you can get a job with Union Pacific, for instance, without any prior railway experience.\\nAs a train crew member, you'll be assigned to a specific hub--a major city--and this will determine the geographic region in which you work. You may be required to travel, and you may be assigned work at any location within that geographic hub.\\nSwitch person and brake-person positions directly lead to becoming a conductor or a locomotive engineer (train driver). If you're serious about the industry, consider taking a job in a rail yard and working your way up to a conductor position.\\nIn the train industry, many assignments are given in accordance with seniority. Work hard, be patient, and make connections.\\nIf you do apply directly to a conductor position, and you are qualified, most rail companies will pay to train you for the job. If you're at the top tier of applicants, depending on the rail company, you may be able to become a train conductor within as little as three months.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Applying for the Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepare a resume\", \"描述\": \"You'll need a strong resume to apply to a railway company, and experience in the transportation industry will work in your favor.\\nBe honest about your qualifications. Make sure that your past employment information, criminal history, and driving history are as accurate as possible. Train conductors must pass a mandatory background check; count on the check to uncover any skeletons in your closet, provided that they're on your public record.\\nYour resume and cover letter should demonstrate that you are responsible, accountable, and able to work well under pressure.\\nThe only requirements are a high school diploma (or GED equivalent) and 2-3 years of general work experience (or college). However, your resume will look much stronger if you have worked in the transportation or safety industries; experience as a bus driver, tram driver, or ferry pilot will especially qualify you.\\nAny experience with operations--in the transport industry, the food industry, retail, etc.-- will work in your favor.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply for the job.\", \"描述\": \"Search for job openings--you can search through third-party job-placement websites, or you can inquire directly with specific railroads. Bear in mind that unless you have past experience, you may need to get in on the ground level as a yard worker or a train crew member.\\nMost of the major railroads in the United States are constantly hiring conductors. The job market for train conductors is expected to expand by 5% by 2020, driven largely by population growth and global trade along with a flux of aging, retiring conductors. In the U.S., however, a lack of new railway construction stunts the growth of the industry.\\nApply for as many positions as you can. If you want to work in a particular region, apply to railroads that run through that region. Check a company's website for information about where the lines run.\\nKeep in mind that safety plays an enormous role in the duties of a train conductor. Again, prior experience as a bus driver or a tram driver will work strongly in your favor.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Attend a hiring event and do well on the employment test.\", \"描述\": \"If you meet the qualifications for a specific railroad, the company will invite you to a hiring event, where you will take a pre-employment test.\\nThe test typically includes reading comprehension and simple mechanical problems. Even if you're proficient in these skills, it never hurts to brush up before an important test.\\nDress as you would for any professional job interview. Men, wear a button-down and a tie. Women, wear a work-appropriate dress or pantsuit.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Ace the interview\", \"描述\": \"If you do well on the hiring test, you'll be interviewed individually. If you ace your interview, you will receive a conditional job offer.\\nAt the interview, be polite, composed, and professional. Display that you are good with people and that you can remain calm under pressure. If you have any prior transportation experience--such as working as a bus driver--this is the time to talk it up.\\nIf you receive a conditional job offer, then congratulations: you're almost hired! You will need to pass a medical exam and a background check. The medical exam includes a drug test, so aspiring Casey Jones's should \\\"watch their speed\\\" during the application process. In the transportation industry, more-so than most industries, it's important that employees are clear-headed, responsible, and able to respond quickly to emergencies.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Pass the medical exam, the drug screen, and the background check.\", \"描述\": \"If you do, you will receive a job offer.\\nCongratulations! You will now attend train conductor school at your railroad's training facility, and you will be starting your new career.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Completing Job Training and Becoming a Conductor\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ask the hiring managers at your new railroad company about the job training procedure.\", \"描述\": \"Some train companies require new conductors to complete a 5-6 week training program--often offered through a community college or technical school. These programs often lead to a certificate in railroad conductor technology. Courses in the program usually cover the rules of operation, safety, signals, rail equipment, and train conductor duties.\\nFor the most part, hands-on experience in the railroad industry is considered to be the strongest preparation for a conductor job.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Patiently complete any on-the-job training.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've been hired, trained, and assigned to a location or \\\"hub\\\", many rail companies will require that you undergo 8-22 weeks of additional on-the-job training at your assigned location.\\nIf you do well, the on-the-job \\\"training\\\" period may end much sooner than is possible--so listen, learn, and try to absorb as much information as you can about the industry.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take it seriously.\", \"描述\": \"If you wind up working full-time as a train conductor, you may be responsible for the safety and comfort of hundreds of passengers each day. You may responsible for thousands--or millions--of dollars worth of cargo.\\nBe responsible and be accountable. Show up for work when you're called, even though the hours may be haphazard; refrain from substance use, and make sure that you get plenty of sleep. Treat the job as an honor, not just a way to pay the bills.\\nRespect your passengers. Times may come when you must be stern; you may even need to throw someone off of a train if they don't have a ticket or they're causing a ruckus. However, if you're working on a passenger train, you'll work closely with these people day in and day out--so be upbeat, be polite, and be patient.\\nRespect your elders. Many railroad employees have been working the lines for decades. It will do you well to listen and learn from those who have been in the industry longer than you.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Prepare a resume with a strong emphasis on safety.\\n\", \"Make sure that you're honest on the application. The mandatory background check will uncover anything you try to hide.\\n\", \"Be patient; the hiring process may take a few months. No news is good news.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,832 |
How to Become a Train Driver
|
1. Getting the Education and Training You Need
1-1. Get your high school diploma or GED.
For most entry-level railroad jobs, you must be at least 18 years of age and have a high school diploma or equivalent. Completing high school will provide you with the basic educational background and life experience necessary for working in the railroad.
A GED, or a General Education Diploma, requires passing a challenging exam. You must be at least 16 years of age to take the GED test.
1-2. Attend a locomotive engineer training program.
All entry-level railroad positions require training to learn the basics of railroad work. Many community and state colleges offer courses and even associates degrees in railroad operations and locomotive engineering. You can also find directories online that can help you locate a training center or program near you..
Look for training programs that are often run in partnership with small regional or local railroads. In addition to providing you with the training you need, these can be helpful for connecting you to job opportunities in your area.
1-3. Apply for beginner-level positions with a railroad.
Many locomotive engineers start out as conductors, rail yard engineers, switch operators or yardmasters, where they learn about the policies, operations and routes of the railroad before moving into training to become a driver. Getting your foot in the door in a starter position will give you a chance to build familiarity with railroad work while earning a living.
Applications are online through railroad websites by following links for job and career opportunities.
Check out a variety of railroad jobs online on forums like the one hosted by RailServe.com.
If you want to drive commuter trains or subway trains, check for jobs with area public transit authorities.
Job fairs at community colleges and local universities with railroad training programs also host railroad companies.
2. Working in Entry-Level Positions
2-1. Work your way up to a train driver position.
Beyond age, education and physical ability, railroads look for drivers who possess strong leadership, decision making, and organizational skills, among other things, including:
Familiarity and experience with machinery is a plus.
Show basic literacy in reading, math, and simple computing.
Work well independently and with others.
Ability to learn and adhere to procedures and guidelines.
2-2. Apply for a training position if you are 21 years or older.
You must meet the minimum age requirements to apply for a locomotive engineering position (21 years) and have the right educational background (high school diploma or equivalent). Look for job postings online on railroad websites and job forums. The same sites that post entry-level positions post locomotive engineering positions, too.
Train drivers must pass hearing and vision tests, demonstrate physical ability, and go through periodic drug screenings.
2-3. Complete the required training.
During the training period you will learn all the procedures, operations and route details you will need to operate the train. Training will involve a combination of classroom and hands-on exercises, including working with train simulators and, eventually, real trains.
Some railroads may have onsite training or they may partner with a college or University in the area. Others will require you to go offsite to a centralized training facility for up to 2 months or more.
Amtrak, for example, requires it’s trainee locomotive engineers to spend 8-10 weeks at their training center in Wilmington, DE before they begin their on-the-job training.
Training will include preparing you for certification, which includes memorizing all the physical aspects of the train routes on which you will drive.
3. Getting and Staying Certified
3-1. Take a written knowledge test.
The Federal Railroad Administration requires each railroad company to oversee its own certification process. The written test is the first part of the certification process and is based on studying each railroad’s operating practices, equipment inspection procedures, train route knowledge and Federal safety regulations. There are three levels of certification that you can test for based on your experience and job specifications: student engineer, locomotive servicing engineer and train service engineer.
Train service engineers are the most skilled and experienced. They may drive locomotives with cars attached.
Locomotive servicing engineers may operate trains but cannot drive them with cars attached.
Student engineers may only operate trains while under the direct supervision of an instructor.
3-2. Take a skills test.
Like the written test, the skills test evaluates your knowledge of operating practices, equipment inspection procedures, train route knowledge and Federal safety regulations.
You must demonstrate your ability to put your knowledge into practice while you are behind the controls of a train or a train simulator.
If you fail the skills test, the Federal Railroad Administration does allow a retest.
3-3. Demonstrate a mastery of your assigned route.
In addition to the standard written and skills test that all locomotive engineers must take, the Federal Railroad Administration requires that candidates for certification are fluent in the physical aspects of their specific assigned route.
It is up to each railroad company to determine the details of how they assess this knowledge, but the use of train simulators are common.
3-4. Complete continuing education and training.
Once you work for a railroad company the Federal Railroad Administration requires them to periodically retest you.
Additional training periods are also required whenever you are assigned to a new train route to ensure that you know the route inside and out.
Tips
Railroad jobs in general are declining due to computerization and diminished use. However, train drivers continue to be needed as current employees retire.[22]
X
Trustworthy Source
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. government agency that collects and reports labor-related information
Go to source
Warnings
Train drivers are required to work long, irregular hours, including nights, weekends and holidays. They are often required to put their names on a list and wait to be assigned work, which means being ready to work on short notice. They may have to work in severe weather conditions, which means not only working outside in the cold and heat, but sitting in cold or hot train cars.[23]
X
Trustworthy Source
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
U.S. government agency that collects and reports labor-related information
Go to source
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:58",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting the Education and Training You Need\\n1-1. Get your high school diploma or GED.\\nFor most entry-level railroad jobs, you must be at least 18 years of age and have a high school diploma or equivalent. Completing high school will provide you with the basic educational background and life experience necessary for working in the railroad.\\nA GED, or a General Education Diploma, requires passing a challenging exam. You must be at least 16 years of age to take the GED test.\\n1-2. Attend a locomotive engineer training program.\\nAll entry-level railroad positions require training to learn the basics of railroad work. Many community and state colleges offer courses and even associates degrees in railroad operations and locomotive engineering. You can also find directories online that can help you locate a training center or program near you..\\nLook for training programs that are often run in partnership with small regional or local railroads. In addition to providing you with the training you need, these can be helpful for connecting you to job opportunities in your area.\\n1-3. Apply for beginner-level positions with a railroad.\\nMany locomotive engineers start out as conductors, rail yard engineers, switch operators or yardmasters, where they learn about the policies, operations and routes of the railroad before moving into training to become a driver. Getting your foot in the door in a starter position will give you a chance to build familiarity with railroad work while earning a living.\\nApplications are online through railroad websites by following links for job and career opportunities.\\nCheck out a variety of railroad jobs online on forums like the one hosted by RailServe.com.\\nIf you want to drive commuter trains or subway trains, check for jobs with area public transit authorities.\\nJob fairs at community colleges and local universities with railroad training programs also host railroad companies.\\n2. Working in Entry-Level Positions\\n2-1. Work your way up to a train driver position.\\nBeyond age, education and physical ability, railroads look for drivers who possess strong leadership, decision making, and organizational skills, among other things, including:\\nFamiliarity and experience with machinery is a plus.\\nShow basic literacy in reading, math, and simple computing.\\nWork well independently and with others.\\nAbility to learn and adhere to procedures and guidelines.\\n2-2. Apply for a training position if you are 21 years or older.\\nYou must meet the minimum age requirements to apply for a locomotive engineering position (21 years) and have the right educational background (high school diploma or equivalent). Look for job postings online on railroad websites and job forums. The same sites that post entry-level positions post locomotive engineering positions, too.\\nTrain drivers must pass hearing and vision tests, demonstrate physical ability, and go through periodic drug screenings.\\n2-3. Complete the required training.\\nDuring the training period you will learn all the procedures, operations and route details you will need to operate the train. Training will involve a combination of classroom and hands-on exercises, including working with train simulators and, eventually, real trains.\\nSome railroads may have onsite training or they may partner with a college or University in the area. Others will require you to go offsite to a centralized training facility for up to 2 months or more.\\nAmtrak, for example, requires it’s trainee locomotive engineers to spend 8-10 weeks at their training center in Wilmington, DE before they begin their on-the-job training.\\nTraining will include preparing you for certification, which includes memorizing all the physical aspects of the train routes on which you will drive.\\n3. Getting and Staying Certified\\n3-1. Take a written knowledge test.\\nThe Federal Railroad Administration requires each railroad company to oversee its own certification process. The written test is the first part of the certification process and is based on studying each railroad’s operating practices, equipment inspection procedures, train route knowledge and Federal safety regulations. There are three levels of certification that you can test for based on your experience and job specifications: student engineer, locomotive servicing engineer and train service engineer.\\nTrain service engineers are the most skilled and experienced. They may drive locomotives with cars attached.\\nLocomotive servicing engineers may operate trains but cannot drive them with cars attached.\\nStudent engineers may only operate trains while under the direct supervision of an instructor.\\n3-2. Take a skills test.\\nLike the written test, the skills test evaluates your knowledge of operating practices, equipment inspection procedures, train route knowledge and Federal safety regulations.\\nYou must demonstrate your ability to put your knowledge into practice while you are behind the controls of a train or a train simulator.\\nIf you fail the skills test, the Federal Railroad Administration does allow a retest.\\n3-3. Demonstrate a mastery of your assigned route.\\nIn addition to the standard written and skills test that all locomotive engineers must take, the Federal Railroad Administration requires that candidates for certification are fluent in the physical aspects of their specific assigned route.\\nIt is up to each railroad company to determine the details of how they assess this knowledge, but the use of train simulators are common.\\n3-4. Complete continuing education and training.\\nOnce you work for a railroad company the Federal Railroad Administration requires them to periodically retest you.\\nAdditional training periods are also required whenever you are assigned to a new train route to ensure that you know the route inside and out.\\nTips\\nRailroad jobs in general are declining due to computerization and diminished use. However, train drivers continue to be needed as current employees retire.[22]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nUS Bureau of Labor Statistics\\nU.S. government agency that collects and reports labor-related information\\nGo to source\\nWarnings\\nTrain drivers are required to work long, irregular hours, including nights, weekends and holidays. They are often required to put their names on a list and wait to be assigned work, which means being ready to work on short notice. They may have to work in severe weather conditions, which means not only working outside in the cold and heat, but sitting in cold or hot train cars.[23]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nUS Bureau of Labor Statistics\\nU.S. government agency that collects and reports labor-related information\\nGo to source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A train driver operates, or drives, a train. They're also called locomotive engineers, railroad engineers or foot plate men. It's a job that offers a variety of options, whether you want to stay close to home and work for a local railroad or you prefer to travel further afield with a regional railroad. It pays well and affords you the benefits of belonging to a union, such as job security and a pension.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting the Education and Training You Need\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get your high school diploma or GED.\", \"描述\": \"For most entry-level railroad jobs, you must be at least 18 years of age and have a high school diploma or equivalent. Completing high school will provide you with the basic educational background and life experience necessary for working in the railroad.\\nA GED, or a General Education Diploma, requires passing a challenging exam. You must be at least 16 years of age to take the GED test.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Attend a locomotive engineer training program.\", \"描述\": \"All entry-level railroad positions require training to learn the basics of railroad work. Many community and state colleges offer courses and even associates degrees in railroad operations and locomotive engineering. You can also find directories online that can help you locate a training center or program near you..\\nLook for training programs that are often run in partnership with small regional or local railroads. In addition to providing you with the training you need, these can be helpful for connecting you to job opportunities in your area.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Apply for beginner-level positions with a railroad.\", \"描述\": \"Many locomotive engineers start out as conductors, rail yard engineers, switch operators or yardmasters, where they learn about the policies, operations and routes of the railroad before moving into training to become a driver. Getting your foot in the door in a starter position will give you a chance to build familiarity with railroad work while earning a living.\\nApplications are online through railroad websites by following links for job and career opportunities.\\nCheck out a variety of railroad jobs online on forums like the one hosted by RailServe.com.\\nIf you want to drive commuter trains or subway trains, check for jobs with area public transit authorities.\\nJob fairs at community colleges and local universities with railroad training programs also host railroad companies.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Working in Entry-Level Positions\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work your way up to a train driver position.\", \"描述\": \"Beyond age, education and physical ability, railroads look for drivers who possess strong leadership, decision making, and organizational skills, among other things, including:\\nFamiliarity and experience with machinery is a plus.\\nShow basic literacy in reading, math, and simple computing.\\nWork well independently and with others.\\nAbility to learn and adhere to procedures and guidelines.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply for a training position if you are 21 years or older.\", \"描述\": \"You must meet the minimum age requirements to apply for a locomotive engineering position (21 years) and have the right educational background (high school diploma or equivalent). Look for job postings online on railroad websites and job forums. The same sites that post entry-level positions post locomotive engineering positions, too.\\nTrain drivers must pass hearing and vision tests, demonstrate physical ability, and go through periodic drug screenings.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete the required training.\", \"描述\": \"During the training period you will learn all the procedures, operations and route details you will need to operate the train. Training will involve a combination of classroom and hands-on exercises, including working with train simulators and, eventually, real trains.\\nSome railroads may have onsite training or they may partner with a college or University in the area. Others will require you to go offsite to a centralized training facility for up to 2 months or more.\\nAmtrak, for example, requires it’s trainee locomotive engineers to spend 8-10 weeks at their training center in Wilmington, DE before they begin their on-the-job training.\\nTraining will include preparing you for certification, which includes memorizing all the physical aspects of the train routes on which you will drive.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Getting and Staying Certified\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take a written knowledge test.\", \"描述\": \"The Federal Railroad Administration requires each railroad company to oversee its own certification process. The written test is the first part of the certification process and is based on studying each railroad’s operating practices, equipment inspection procedures, train route knowledge and Federal safety regulations. There are three levels of certification that you can test for based on your experience and job specifications: student engineer, locomotive servicing engineer and train service engineer.\\nTrain service engineers are the most skilled and experienced. They may drive locomotives with cars attached.\\nLocomotive servicing engineers may operate trains but cannot drive them with cars attached.\\nStudent engineers may only operate trains while under the direct supervision of an instructor.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take a skills test.\", \"描述\": \"Like the written test, the skills test evaluates your knowledge of operating practices, equipment inspection procedures, train route knowledge and Federal safety regulations.\\nYou must demonstrate your ability to put your knowledge into practice while you are behind the controls of a train or a train simulator.\\nIf you fail the skills test, the Federal Railroad Administration does allow a retest.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Demonstrate a mastery of your assigned route.\", \"描述\": \"In addition to the standard written and skills test that all locomotive engineers must take, the Federal Railroad Administration requires that candidates for certification are fluent in the physical aspects of their specific assigned route.\\nIt is up to each railroad company to determine the details of how they assess this knowledge, but the use of train simulators are common.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Complete continuing education and training.\", \"描述\": \"Once you work for a railroad company the Federal Railroad Administration requires them to periodically retest you.\\nAdditional training periods are also required whenever you are assigned to a new train route to ensure that you know the route inside and out.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Railroad jobs in general are declining due to computerization and diminished use. However, train drivers continue to be needed as current employees retire.[22]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nUS Bureau of Labor Statistics\\nU.S. government agency that collects and reports labor-related information\\nGo to source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Train drivers are required to work long, irregular hours, including nights, weekends and holidays. They are often required to put their names on a list and wait to be assigned work, which means being ready to work on short notice. They may have to work in severe weather conditions, which means not only working outside in the cold and heat, but sitting in cold or hot train cars.[23]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nUS Bureau of Labor Statistics\\nU.S. government agency that collects and reports labor-related information\\nGo to source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,833 |
How to Become a Train Driver in the UK
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1. Meeting the Basic Requirements
1-1. Be at least 21 years of age.
To apply for your train driving license, you must have photo identification showing you are at least 21 years old.
Acceptable identification includes UK photo card or passport.
1-2. Complete at least 9 years of education.
A college education is not required to become a train driver in the UK. Year 9 refers to the 10th consecutive year of required education in the UK, and children are usually 14-15 years old at this time. "Reception" is the first year of schooling. You must have evidence of the highest education level you completed, such as a transcript or report card.
This proves your competency with basic math and reading skills.
1-3. Get a medical fitness examination by a doctor.
A medical evaluation is required in order to get a train driving license in the UK. To schedule your medical examination, search online for “train driving license approved physicians,” and browse doctors in your area of the UK.
The medical examination tests your eyesight, color accuracy, and hearing.
Ensure the doctor you choose is on the ORR (Office of Rail and Road) recognized physician register.
1-4. Pass the psychometric assessment conducted by a psychologist.
In addition to the medical examination, a psychological evaluation is also required in order to get your train driving license. To find a psychologist, search online for “train driving license approved psychologists.” Make your decision based on reviews and distance from your location.
The psychologist must be registered with the ORR recognized psychologist register, and you need their registration number when completing the application.
2. Getting Your Train Driving License
2-1. Complete the application online for an easy and direct option.
After you have your medical and psychological evaluations, you are ready to complete the train driving application with the Office of Rail and Road.
To apply online, visit http://orr.gov.uk/rail/licensing/train-driving-licences-and-certificates and click on "Train Driving License application system."
Using the online application portal speeds up the application process.
2-2. Print the application if you want to submit a physical copy.
Locate the application on the ORR website. Then, click on “application form” under the “License application” heading.
If you want to print out a copy of the application, visit http://orr.gov.uk/rail/licensing/train-driving-licences-and-certificates.
Alternatively, you can download and print the application by visiting http://orr.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/4998/train-driving-licences-regulations-guidance.pdf. Then, go to "Annex A" to view and print the application.
2-3. Complete the application entirely and attach your evaluations.
First, complete the safety organization/authority contact information. Then, select “First issue” under the license and applicants details. Fill in things like your name, address, birthday, and reference number, and include a photo of yourself. Sign and date the application when you are finished.
You also must attach the results of your medical and psychological evaluation, proving you are fit to drive the train.
You can ignore the “Update,” “Amendment,” “Duplicate,” and “Renewal” sections.
2-4. Submit your application form when you are finished.
If you are applying online, press the “Submit” button after you complete all of the required fields. If you are completing a hard copy, mail your form and supplemental documents to Railway Safety Directorate, Administration Team, Office of Rail and Road, One Kemble Street, London, WC2B 4AN.
2-5. Receive your approved train driving license in the mail.
Once you complete the application and it is approved, the ORR will print out your identification card and mail it to your residence. Your application is registered in an online license record with the ORR, and you can check your application status online while you wait.
To check your status, log into your account you created when submitting the application.
3. Obtaining a Train Driver Job
3-1. Search online
Once you get your train driver license, you’re ready to find your train driver job! Go online and search for “trainee” or “entry-level” driving jobs, and browse the options based on your location. Without any previous train experience, this is the only role you are qualified for. Trainee drivers learn how to drive the train from a veteran staff member, and you'll get a taste of what shift work is like.
Most trainee jobs require you to live within 1 hour’s commute of the job site.
3-2. Apply for the jobs
When you find jobs that fit your interests, location, schedule, and salary, you must submit an application to be considered for the role. Complete the job application based on the particular site you use. When you hear back from the employer, schedule an interview either in person or over the phone. The employer asks you questions about your experience and interests to gauge if you are right for the job. At this point, the employer will cover all next steps and preliminary paperwork.
Some applications require you to complete an assignment upon submitting.
Some sites have you upload a resume and create a job profile, while others allow you to submit your resume directly.
To write your resume, list your education, work experience, and related certifications.
If you do not hear back within a week or so, call and check on the status of your application.
3-3. Complete the training certification from your employer.
Before you are able to drive the train, you must complete the required driving certification. Your employer will provide you with explicit details and instructions after you are hired. Typically, you must complete the training certification before you start the job.
The training certification includes proper safety and emergency procedures.
You must carry the certification with you when you drive the train.
If you find a new job, you must get recertified with the new employer before you begin.
3-4. Perform the job of a trainee driver after you pass the certification.
As a trainee, you may have to work long late hours or early morning hours as part of your shift work. In this role, you'll check equipment and engines, contact control centers, follow signal instructions, make passenger announcements, and report problems. Typically, you'll work 4 or 5 shifts for a total of 35 hours a week, and you often work weekends, evenings, and holidays.
More often than not, your shifts will be in the evening if you drive freight or engineering trains.
If you work a long-distance route, you may have overnight stays.
3-5. Apply for a train driver job after you gain relevant experience.
Typically, you must have adequate experience to get hired as a train driver. "Adequate experience" is defined differently from company to company, but on average you need 1-2 years of experience as a trainee to successfully get a train driver job. As you learn the ropes, update your resume and search for train driver jobs to find your next career steps.
For example, you may be qualified to drive a Freight liner after 6 months or longer.
Some train jobs require extensive trainee experience before promoting drivers to drivers.
Tips
If you do not get hired as a train driver right away, that’s okay! It takes time to find the right opportunity. Don’t let that discourage you from pursuing this career path if it is truly what you want.
Know that train drivers often have varied schedules with very early and very late hours.
To be a great train driver, you must be safety-conscious, aware, focused, and flexible.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:58",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Meeting the Basic Requirements\\n1-1. Be at least 21 years of age.\\nTo apply for your train driving license, you must have photo identification showing you are at least 21 years old.\\nAcceptable identification includes UK photo card or passport.\\n1-2. Complete at least 9 years of education.\\nA college education is not required to become a train driver in the UK. Year 9 refers to the 10th consecutive year of required education in the UK, and children are usually 14-15 years old at this time. \\\"Reception\\\" is the first year of schooling. You must have evidence of the highest education level you completed, such as a transcript or report card.\\nThis proves your competency with basic math and reading skills.\\n1-3. Get a medical fitness examination by a doctor.\\nA medical evaluation is required in order to get a train driving license in the UK. To schedule your medical examination, search online for “train driving license approved physicians,” and browse doctors in your area of the UK.\\nThe medical examination tests your eyesight, color accuracy, and hearing.\\nEnsure the doctor you choose is on the ORR (Office of Rail and Road) recognized physician register.\\n1-4. Pass the psychometric assessment conducted by a psychologist.\\nIn addition to the medical examination, a psychological evaluation is also required in order to get your train driving license. To find a psychologist, search online for “train driving license approved psychologists.” Make your decision based on reviews and distance from your location.\\nThe psychologist must be registered with the ORR recognized psychologist register, and you need their registration number when completing the application.\\n2. Getting Your Train Driving License\\n2-1. Complete the application online for an easy and direct option.\\nAfter you have your medical and psychological evaluations, you are ready to complete the train driving application with the Office of Rail and Road.\\nTo apply online, visit http://orr.gov.uk/rail/licensing/train-driving-licences-and-certificates and click on \\\"Train Driving License application system.\\\"\\nUsing the online application portal speeds up the application process.\\n2-2. Print the application if you want to submit a physical copy.\\nLocate the application on the ORR website. Then, click on “application form” under the “License application” heading.\\nIf you want to print out a copy of the application, visit http://orr.gov.uk/rail/licensing/train-driving-licences-and-certificates.\\nAlternatively, you can download and print the application by visiting http://orr.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/4998/train-driving-licences-regulations-guidance.pdf. Then, go to \\\"Annex A\\\" to view and print the application.\\n2-3. Complete the application entirely and attach your evaluations.\\nFirst, complete the safety organization/authority contact information. Then, select “First issue” under the license and applicants details. Fill in things like your name, address, birthday, and reference number, and include a photo of yourself. Sign and date the application when you are finished.\\nYou also must attach the results of your medical and psychological evaluation, proving you are fit to drive the train.\\nYou can ignore the “Update,” “Amendment,” “Duplicate,” and “Renewal” sections.\\n2-4. Submit your application form when you are finished.\\nIf you are applying online, press the “Submit” button after you complete all of the required fields. If you are completing a hard copy, mail your form and supplemental documents to Railway Safety Directorate, Administration Team, Office of Rail and Road, One Kemble Street, London, WC2B 4AN.\\n2-5. Receive your approved train driving license in the mail.\\nOnce you complete the application and it is approved, the ORR will print out your identification card and mail it to your residence. Your application is registered in an online license record with the ORR, and you can check your application status online while you wait.\\nTo check your status, log into your account you created when submitting the application.\\n3. Obtaining a Train Driver Job\\n3-1. Search online\\nOnce you get your train driver license, you’re ready to find your train driver job! Go online and search for “trainee” or “entry-level” driving jobs, and browse the options based on your location. Without any previous train experience, this is the only role you are qualified for. Trainee drivers learn how to drive the train from a veteran staff member, and you'll get a taste of what shift work is like.\\nMost trainee jobs require you to live within 1 hour’s commute of the job site.\\n3-2. Apply for the jobs\\nWhen you find jobs that fit your interests, location, schedule, and salary, you must submit an application to be considered for the role. Complete the job application based on the particular site you use. When you hear back from the employer, schedule an interview either in person or over the phone. The employer asks you questions about your experience and interests to gauge if you are right for the job. At this point, the employer will cover all next steps and preliminary paperwork.\\nSome applications require you to complete an assignment upon submitting.\\nSome sites have you upload a resume and create a job profile, while others allow you to submit your resume directly.\\nTo write your resume, list your education, work experience, and related certifications.\\nIf you do not hear back within a week or so, call and check on the status of your application.\\n3-3. Complete the training certification from your employer.\\nBefore you are able to drive the train, you must complete the required driving certification. Your employer will provide you with explicit details and instructions after you are hired. Typically, you must complete the training certification before you start the job.\\nThe training certification includes proper safety and emergency procedures.\\nYou must carry the certification with you when you drive the train.\\nIf you find a new job, you must get recertified with the new employer before you begin.\\n3-4. Perform the job of a trainee driver after you pass the certification.\\nAs a trainee, you may have to work long late hours or early morning hours as part of your shift work. In this role, you'll check equipment and engines, contact control centers, follow signal instructions, make passenger announcements, and report problems. Typically, you'll work 4 or 5 shifts for a total of 35 hours a week, and you often work weekends, evenings, and holidays.\\nMore often than not, your shifts will be in the evening if you drive freight or engineering trains.\\nIf you work a long-distance route, you may have overnight stays.\\n3-5. Apply for a train driver job after you gain relevant experience.\\nTypically, you must have adequate experience to get hired as a train driver. \\\"Adequate experience\\\" is defined differently from company to company, but on average you need 1-2 years of experience as a trainee to successfully get a train driver job. As you learn the ropes, update your resume and search for train driver jobs to find your next career steps.\\nFor example, you may be qualified to drive a Freight liner after 6 months or longer.\\nSome train jobs require extensive trainee experience before promoting drivers to drivers.\\nTips\\nIf you do not get hired as a train driver right away, that’s okay! It takes time to find the right opportunity. Don’t let that discourage you from pursuing this career path if it is truly what you want.\\nKnow that train drivers often have varied schedules with very early and very late hours.\\nTo be a great train driver, you must be safety-conscious, aware, focused, and flexible.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Train driving is a lucrative and rewarding career, and you must be able to work alone and follow safety procedures. To be a train driver in the UK, get your train license, apply for entry-level train driver jobs, and complete the required training courses through your employer. With some patience and perseverance, you can easily become a train driver.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Basic Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be at least 21 years of age.\", \"描述\": \"To apply for your train driving license, you must have photo identification showing you are at least 21 years old.\\nAcceptable identification includes UK photo card or passport.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Complete at least 9 years of education.\", \"描述\": \"A college education is not required to become a train driver in the UK. Year 9 refers to the 10th consecutive year of required education in the UK, and children are usually 14-15 years old at this time. \\\"Reception\\\" is the first year of schooling. You must have evidence of the highest education level you completed, such as a transcript or report card.\\nThis proves your competency with basic math and reading skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a medical fitness examination by a doctor.\", \"描述\": \"A medical evaluation is required in order to get a train driving license in the UK. To schedule your medical examination, search online for “train driving license approved physicians,” and browse doctors in your area of the UK.\\nThe medical examination tests your eyesight, color accuracy, and hearing.\\nEnsure the doctor you choose is on the ORR (Office of Rail and Road) recognized physician register.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pass the psychometric assessment conducted by a psychologist.\", \"描述\": \"In addition to the medical examination, a psychological evaluation is also required in order to get your train driving license. To find a psychologist, search online for “train driving license approved psychologists.” Make your decision based on reviews and distance from your location.\\nThe psychologist must be registered with the ORR recognized psychologist register, and you need their registration number when completing the application.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Your Train Driving License\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete the application online for an easy and direct option.\", \"描述\": \"After you have your medical and psychological evaluations, you are ready to complete the train driving application with the Office of Rail and Road.\\nTo apply online, visit http://orr.gov.uk/rail/licensing/train-driving-licences-and-certificates and click on \\\"Train Driving License application system.\\\"\\nUsing the online application portal speeds up the application process.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Print the application if you want to submit a physical copy.\", \"描述\": \"Locate the application on the ORR website. Then, click on “application form” under the “License application” heading.\\nIf you want to print out a copy of the application, visit http://orr.gov.uk/rail/licensing/train-driving-licences-and-certificates.\\nAlternatively, you can download and print the application by visiting http://orr.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/4998/train-driving-licences-regulations-guidance.pdf. Then, go to \\\"Annex A\\\" to view and print the application.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete the application entirely and attach your evaluations.\", \"描述\": \"First, complete the safety organization/authority contact information. Then, select “First issue” under the license and applicants details. Fill in things like your name, address, birthday, and reference number, and include a photo of yourself. Sign and date the application when you are finished.\\nYou also must attach the results of your medical and psychological evaluation, proving you are fit to drive the train.\\nYou can ignore the “Update,” “Amendment,” “Duplicate,” and “Renewal” sections.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Submit your application form when you are finished.\", \"描述\": \"If you are applying online, press the “Submit” button after you complete all of the required fields. If you are completing a hard copy, mail your form and supplemental documents to Railway Safety Directorate, Administration Team, Office of Rail and Road, One Kemble Street, London, WC2B 4AN.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Receive your approved train driving license in the mail.\", \"描述\": \"Once you complete the application and it is approved, the ORR will print out your identification card and mail it to your residence. Your application is registered in an online license record with the ORR, and you can check your application status online while you wait.\\nTo check your status, log into your account you created when submitting the application.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Obtaining a Train Driver Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Search online\", \"描述\": \"Once you get your train driver license, you’re ready to find your train driver job! Go online and search for “trainee” or “entry-level” driving jobs, and browse the options based on your location. Without any previous train experience, this is the only role you are qualified for. Trainee drivers learn how to drive the train from a veteran staff member, and you'll get a taste of what shift work is like.\\nMost trainee jobs require you to live within 1 hour’s commute of the job site.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply for the jobs\", \"描述\": \"When you find jobs that fit your interests, location, schedule, and salary, you must submit an application to be considered for the role. Complete the job application based on the particular site you use. When you hear back from the employer, schedule an interview either in person or over the phone. The employer asks you questions about your experience and interests to gauge if you are right for the job. At this point, the employer will cover all next steps and preliminary paperwork.\\nSome applications require you to complete an assignment upon submitting.\\nSome sites have you upload a resume and create a job profile, while others allow you to submit your resume directly.\\nTo write your resume, list your education, work experience, and related certifications.\\nIf you do not hear back within a week or so, call and check on the status of your application.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete the training certification from your employer.\", \"描述\": \"Before you are able to drive the train, you must complete the required driving certification. Your employer will provide you with explicit details and instructions after you are hired. Typically, you must complete the training certification before you start the job.\\nThe training certification includes proper safety and emergency procedures.\\nYou must carry the certification with you when you drive the train.\\nIf you find a new job, you must get recertified with the new employer before you begin.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Perform the job of a trainee driver after you pass the certification.\", \"描述\": \"As a trainee, you may have to work long late hours or early morning hours as part of your shift work. In this role, you'll check equipment and engines, contact control centers, follow signal instructions, make passenger announcements, and report problems. Typically, you'll work 4 or 5 shifts for a total of 35 hours a week, and you often work weekends, evenings, and holidays.\\nMore often than not, your shifts will be in the evening if you drive freight or engineering trains.\\nIf you work a long-distance route, you may have overnight stays.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Apply for a train driver job after you gain relevant experience.\", \"描述\": \"Typically, you must have adequate experience to get hired as a train driver. \\\"Adequate experience\\\" is defined differently from company to company, but on average you need 1-2 years of experience as a trainee to successfully get a train driver job. As you learn the ropes, update your resume and search for train driver jobs to find your next career steps.\\nFor example, you may be qualified to drive a Freight liner after 6 months or longer.\\nSome train jobs require extensive trainee experience before promoting drivers to drivers.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you do not get hired as a train driver right away, that’s okay! It takes time to find the right opportunity. Don’t let that discourage you from pursuing this career path if it is truly what you want.\\n\", \"Know that train drivers often have varied schedules with very early and very late hours.\\n\", \"To be a great train driver, you must be safety-conscious, aware, focused, and flexible.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,834 |
How to Become a Translator
|
1. Starting on the Right Path
1-1. Become fluent in another language.
“Fluent” is sort of an understatement. You need to know another language inside and out, from formal dialogue to casual conversations, to esoteric terms about a variety of topics.
It's not a bad idea to study your own language, too. Most people only have an intrinsic understanding of their mother tongue; they can't verbally explain to you how it works. Get an extrinsic knowledge of your language to better understand how it works and how foreigners approach it.
1-2. If you’re in college, choose a major that will give you an area of expertise.
While you can specifically go to a translation school and get a Bachelor’s of Translation, plenty of people go a completely different route entirely. See yourself translating at a bank? Get a degree in finance. See yourself working at a hospital? Get a biology degree. You need to understand what it is you’ll be translating to be able to do it well – the right knowledge base can do just that.
Work on your writing skills as well. Many people think that being a translator just means you know two languages. In reality, to be a successful translator, you’ve got to be a good writer, too. In addition to studying your language of choice and your topic of choice, study up on your writing. Just because you can speak the language does not mean you can write it well.
1-3. Take translation and interpreting classes.
Translating is a true skill – a good translator makes tiny modifications to the text they’re working with to make it as good as it can be, taking into consideration audience, culture, and context. If you’re currently a student or even just live near a college, take classes in translation or interpreting. Having this educational background will help sell your skills to future employers.
While in school, look for opportunities to perform translation or interpreting work on campus for whomever you can. It is crucial to start early so you can get experience and get recommendations for when you need them later on.
1-4. If you can, go to that country of your second language.
The best way to get an appreciation for a language, a true understanding of it, and to see its nuances and idiosyncrasies is to go to a country where it is an official language. You’ll see how the people actually talk, learn regionalized terms, and get a true feel for how the language naturally works.
The longer you stay in that country for, the better and better your second language will get. Just make sure you spending your time with locals and not other expats!
2. Meeting the Qualifications
2-1. Take volunteer opportunities.
When you’re just starting out, you’ll likely have to do work for free to beef up your resume and make connections. Turn to community organizations, hospitals, and sporting events, like marathons, that have international participants and see if you can just help out on the translating side. It's a necessary part of starting out in this career.
Odds are you probably know someone who works in an industry that deals with many different types of people with many different linguistic backgrounds. Ask everyone you know if they could use some free help. Why would they turn you down?
2-2. Get certified.
Though certification isn’t 100% necessary, it will make it much easier to get jobs. Employers look at your background and see this certification and trust you have the skills to do the job. You’ll also be listed on the website of the organization you go through, where potential clients can find you. There are several varieties to consider:
The American Translator’s Association offers generalized certification programs for translators.
If you want to be a judicial or medical translator, organizations such as the National Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators and the International Medical Interpreters Association offer specialized certifications in this area.
Check if your state or area has an accreditation programs for translators and interpreters.
2-3. Get tested.
Take a language proficiency test such as the Defense Language Proficiency Test (DLPT) to show potential clients that you are indeed fluent in your specific language. Similar to an accreditation or certification, showing your test results to prospective employers is a quick way for them to assess your skills and see that you'll be good for the job.
The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages offers many proficiency tests, too. You can find plenty of tests online offered by other countries, as well.
3. Finding the Jobs
3-1. Sign up for job forums.
Websites like Proz and Translators cafe have job postings for freelance work that could be just what you need to jumpstart your career. Some are free and some require a fee – for the record, generally the ones that cost money are a bit more lucrative in the end.
There are also websites like Verbalizeit and Gengo where you take a test, they assess your skills, and you’re put into a pool of translators that clients come to for work. Once you’re fluent enough and have your resume set, try these sites to supplement your income.
3-2. Get an internship.
Paid or unpaid internships are very common ways that most interpreters and translators get their experience (no different than many other careers, really). At the end of the internship, you may be taken on as a full-time employee.
Escort interpreting is an opportunity for inexperienced soon-to-be interpreters to work alongside a more experienced interpreter. Ask any potential employer if they have a shadowing program if you're interested in speaking, not just writing.
3-3. Market yourself.
Most translators are contractors, not employees usually. You'll work on a project here, a project there, taking work as it comes and goes. Because of that, you need to market yourself everywhere and everywhere. Who knows where the next job could be, even if it's just a few hours?
Law firms, police stations, hospitals, government agencies, and language agencies are great places to start. Especially if you're just beginning, charge decent rates, or if you have some recommendations under your belt will this be easy.
3-4. Have a niche.
Concentrate on one niche (maybe two) where you know the language and the topic matter. For example, if you know all the hospital terminology you need to know already, you'll be that much more up to the challenge. You'll also be able to spot content mistakes when they appear, checking for accuracy.
Translators often have an easier time finding work in industries with a particularly high demand for language services, such as court or medical interpreting. It's wise to have your niche be in one of these areas.
3-5. Consider direct mailing.
Translation agencies are always looking for good translators. Briefly list your name and contact details, languages and rates and ask for a test translation. As with everything, the longer your letter, the less likely it is that people will read to the end.
4. Succeeding in This Career
4-1. Keep your rates competitive.
As you gain more and more experience, you can charge more and more – whether it’s per word, per piece, per hour, etc. Keep your rates competitive and similar to those that match your experience.
Make sure you’re charging a reasonable price for the times, too. Back in 2008, when the economy wasn’t doing so well, many translators saw a dip in the prices they could charge that people were willing to pay. Make sure your rates match the times, the industry, and your experience.
4-2. Get the right software.
Computer Aided Translation (CAT) tools are a must for every translator or interpreter – and no, Google Translate doesn’t count. It’s a good idea to install the free Open Source CAT tool OmegaT (along with the free Open Office suite) for any projects you plan on working on.
Unfortunately, many out sources much prefer to work with the TMs produced by Trados, which is quite expensive. If and when you are able, consider upgrading your software to make work that much easier.
4-3. Translate only ‘’to’’ your native language.
You’re going to find that translating to your native language is a whole lot easier than translating to your second language. That’s because each work is going to require some topical vocabulary that you likely don’t have in your second language or that you’re going to have to do a bit of research about – which is generally quicker to do in your native tongue.
You can see here why it's doubly important to know the ins and outs of your own language, too. Successful translating is easiest when you're doing to your native language about a topic you know like the back of your hand.
4-4. Stick to what you know.
Let's say a company contacts you and wants you to a translate a piece on farming machinery used in the American Midwest in the late 1800s or work on a piece devoted to the freezing of human oocytes. Odds are that work is going to be the one you keep putting off and the one that takes forever to complete because you've got to make sure every word is correct. Instead, stick to your niche. You'll be better at it in addition to feeling better about your work.
Always try to expand your field of expertise, but don't expand it too far. Do you specialize in medical reports on pregnancy, labor, and delivery? Start learning and working on articles devoted to pediatric care. Slowly widen your expanse of knowledge to accompany more related endeavors. You can then spread out from there.
Tips
Speak and read in your languages as often as possible.
Translate wikiHow articles into other languages. This helps everyone, you and wikiHow readers.
Remember, translators write, interpreters speak.
Warnings
The translation field needs fast, reliable people.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:58",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Starting on the Right Path\\n1-1. Become fluent in another language.\\n“Fluent” is sort of an understatement. You need to know another language inside and out, from formal dialogue to casual conversations, to esoteric terms about a variety of topics.\\nIt's not a bad idea to study your own language, too. Most people only have an intrinsic understanding of their mother tongue; they can't verbally explain to you how it works. Get an extrinsic knowledge of your language to better understand how it works and how foreigners approach it.\\n1-2. If you’re in college, choose a major that will give you an area of expertise.\\nWhile you can specifically go to a translation school and get a Bachelor’s of Translation, plenty of people go a completely different route entirely. See yourself translating at a bank? Get a degree in finance. See yourself working at a hospital? Get a biology degree. You need to understand what it is you’ll be translating to be able to do it well – the right knowledge base can do just that.\\nWork on your writing skills as well. Many people think that being a translator just means you know two languages. In reality, to be a successful translator, you’ve got to be a good writer, too. In addition to studying your language of choice and your topic of choice, study up on your writing. Just because you can speak the language does not mean you can write it well.\\n1-3. Take translation and interpreting classes.\\nTranslating is a true skill – a good translator makes tiny modifications to the text they’re working with to make it as good as it can be, taking into consideration audience, culture, and context. If you’re currently a student or even just live near a college, take classes in translation or interpreting. Having this educational background will help sell your skills to future employers.\\nWhile in school, look for opportunities to perform translation or interpreting work on campus for whomever you can. It is crucial to start early so you can get experience and get recommendations for when you need them later on.\\n1-4. If you can, go to that country of your second language.\\nThe best way to get an appreciation for a language, a true understanding of it, and to see its nuances and idiosyncrasies is to go to a country where it is an official language. You’ll see how the people actually talk, learn regionalized terms, and get a true feel for how the language naturally works.\\nThe longer you stay in that country for, the better and better your second language will get. Just make sure you spending your time with locals and not other expats!\\n2. Meeting the Qualifications\\n2-1. Take volunteer opportunities.\\nWhen you’re just starting out, you’ll likely have to do work for free to beef up your resume and make connections. Turn to community organizations, hospitals, and sporting events, like marathons, that have international participants and see if you can just help out on the translating side. It's a necessary part of starting out in this career.\\nOdds are you probably know someone who works in an industry that deals with many different types of people with many different linguistic backgrounds. Ask everyone you know if they could use some free help. Why would they turn you down?\\n2-2. Get certified.\\nThough certification isn’t 100% necessary, it will make it much easier to get jobs. Employers look at your background and see this certification and trust you have the skills to do the job. You’ll also be listed on the website of the organization you go through, where potential clients can find you. There are several varieties to consider:\\nThe American Translator’s Association offers generalized certification programs for translators.\\nIf you want to be a judicial or medical translator, organizations such as the National Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators and the International Medical Interpreters Association offer specialized certifications in this area.\\nCheck if your state or area has an accreditation programs for translators and interpreters.\\n2-3. Get tested.\\nTake a language proficiency test such as the Defense Language Proficiency Test (DLPT) to show potential clients that you are indeed fluent in your specific language. Similar to an accreditation or certification, showing your test results to prospective employers is a quick way for them to assess your skills and see that you'll be good for the job.\\nThe American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages offers many proficiency tests, too. You can find plenty of tests online offered by other countries, as well.\\n3. Finding the Jobs\\n3-1. Sign up for job forums.\\nWebsites like Proz and Translators cafe have job postings for freelance work that could be just what you need to jumpstart your career. Some are free and some require a fee – for the record, generally the ones that cost money are a bit more lucrative in the end.\\nThere are also websites like Verbalizeit and Gengo where you take a test, they assess your skills, and you’re put into a pool of translators that clients come to for work. Once you’re fluent enough and have your resume set, try these sites to supplement your income.\\n3-2. Get an internship.\\nPaid or unpaid internships are very common ways that most interpreters and translators get their experience (no different than many other careers, really). At the end of the internship, you may be taken on as a full-time employee.\\nEscort interpreting is an opportunity for inexperienced soon-to-be interpreters to work alongside a more experienced interpreter. Ask any potential employer if they have a shadowing program if you're interested in speaking, not just writing.\\n3-3. Market yourself.\\nMost translators are contractors, not employees usually. You'll work on a project here, a project there, taking work as it comes and goes. Because of that, you need to market yourself everywhere and everywhere. Who knows where the next job could be, even if it's just a few hours?\\nLaw firms, police stations, hospitals, government agencies, and language agencies are great places to start. Especially if you're just beginning, charge decent rates, or if you have some recommendations under your belt will this be easy.\\n3-4. Have a niche.\\nConcentrate on one niche (maybe two) where you know the language and the topic matter. For example, if you know all the hospital terminology you need to know already, you'll be that much more up to the challenge. You'll also be able to spot content mistakes when they appear, checking for accuracy.\\nTranslators often have an easier time finding work in industries with a particularly high demand for language services, such as court or medical interpreting. It's wise to have your niche be in one of these areas.\\n3-5. Consider direct mailing.\\nTranslation agencies are always looking for good translators. Briefly list your name and contact details, languages and rates and ask for a test translation. As with everything, the longer your letter, the less likely it is that people will read to the end.\\n4. Succeeding in This Career\\n4-1. Keep your rates competitive.\\nAs you gain more and more experience, you can charge more and more – whether it’s per word, per piece, per hour, etc. Keep your rates competitive and similar to those that match your experience.\\nMake sure you’re charging a reasonable price for the times, too. Back in 2008, when the economy wasn’t doing so well, many translators saw a dip in the prices they could charge that people were willing to pay. Make sure your rates match the times, the industry, and your experience.\\n4-2. Get the right software.\\nComputer Aided Translation (CAT) tools are a must for every translator or interpreter – and no, Google Translate doesn’t count. It’s a good idea to install the free Open Source CAT tool OmegaT (along with the free Open Office suite) for any projects you plan on working on.\\nUnfortunately, many out sources much prefer to work with the TMs produced by Trados, which is quite expensive. If and when you are able, consider upgrading your software to make work that much easier.\\n4-3. Translate only ‘’to’’ your native language.\\nYou’re going to find that translating to your native language is a whole lot easier than translating to your second language. That’s because each work is going to require some topical vocabulary that you likely don’t have in your second language or that you’re going to have to do a bit of research about – which is generally quicker to do in your native tongue.\\nYou can see here why it's doubly important to know the ins and outs of your own language, too. Successful translating is easiest when you're doing to your native language about a topic you know like the back of your hand.\\n4-4. Stick to what you know.\\nLet's say a company contacts you and wants you to a translate a piece on farming machinery used in the American Midwest in the late 1800s or work on a piece devoted to the freezing of human oocytes. Odds are that work is going to be the one you keep putting off and the one that takes forever to complete because you've got to make sure every word is correct. Instead, stick to your niche. You'll be better at it in addition to feeling better about your work.\\nAlways try to expand your field of expertise, but don't expand it too far. Do you specialize in medical reports on pregnancy, labor, and delivery? Start learning and working on articles devoted to pediatric care. Slowly widen your expanse of knowledge to accompany more related endeavors. You can then spread out from there.\\nTips\\nSpeak and read in your languages as often as possible.\\nTranslate wikiHow articles into other languages. This helps everyone, you and wikiHow readers.\\nRemember, translators write, interpreters speak.\\nWarnings\\nThe translation field needs fast, reliable people.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Becoming a translator of written texts takes practice, skill, and patience with yourself. It is a fast-growing field that offers many opportunities to learn new things and work with many different types of people. You are the bridge between communication and how people can learn, grow, and talk to one another.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Starting on the Right Path\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Become fluent in another language.\", \"描述\": \"“Fluent” is sort of an understatement. You need to know another language inside and out, from formal dialogue to casual conversations, to esoteric terms about a variety of topics.\\nIt's not a bad idea to study your own language, too. Most people only have an intrinsic understanding of their mother tongue; they can't verbally explain to you how it works. Get an extrinsic knowledge of your language to better understand how it works and how foreigners approach it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"If you’re in college, choose a major that will give you an area of expertise.\", \"描述\": \"While you can specifically go to a translation school and get a Bachelor’s of Translation, plenty of people go a completely different route entirely. See yourself translating at a bank? Get a degree in finance. See yourself working at a hospital? Get a biology degree. You need to understand what it is you’ll be translating to be able to do it well – the right knowledge base can do just that.\\nWork on your writing skills as well. Many people think that being a translator just means you know two languages. In reality, to be a successful translator, you’ve got to be a good writer, too. In addition to studying your language of choice and your topic of choice, study up on your writing. Just because you can speak the language does not mean you can write it well.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take translation and interpreting classes.\", \"描述\": \"Translating is a true skill – a good translator makes tiny modifications to the text they’re working with to make it as good as it can be, taking into consideration audience, culture, and context. If you’re currently a student or even just live near a college, take classes in translation or interpreting. Having this educational background will help sell your skills to future employers.\\nWhile in school, look for opportunities to perform translation or interpreting work on campus for whomever you can. It is crucial to start early so you can get experience and get recommendations for when you need them later on.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"If you can, go to that country of your second language.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to get an appreciation for a language, a true understanding of it, and to see its nuances and idiosyncrasies is to go to a country where it is an official language. You’ll see how the people actually talk, learn regionalized terms, and get a true feel for how the language naturally works.\\nThe longer you stay in that country for, the better and better your second language will get. Just make sure you spending your time with locals and not other expats!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Qualifications\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take volunteer opportunities.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re just starting out, you’ll likely have to do work for free to beef up your resume and make connections. Turn to community organizations, hospitals, and sporting events, like marathons, that have international participants and see if you can just help out on the translating side. It's a necessary part of starting out in this career.\\nOdds are you probably know someone who works in an industry that deals with many different types of people with many different linguistic backgrounds. Ask everyone you know if they could use some free help. Why would they turn you down?\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get certified.\", \"描述\": \"Though certification isn’t 100% necessary, it will make it much easier to get jobs. Employers look at your background and see this certification and trust you have the skills to do the job. You’ll also be listed on the website of the organization you go through, where potential clients can find you. There are several varieties to consider:\\nThe American Translator’s Association offers generalized certification programs for translators.\\nIf you want to be a judicial or medical translator, organizations such as the National Association of Judiciary Interpreters and Translators and the International Medical Interpreters Association offer specialized certifications in this area.\\nCheck if your state or area has an accreditation programs for translators and interpreters.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get tested.\", \"描述\": \"Take a language proficiency test such as the Defense Language Proficiency Test (DLPT) to show potential clients that you are indeed fluent in your specific language. Similar to an accreditation or certification, showing your test results to prospective employers is a quick way for them to assess your skills and see that you'll be good for the job.\\nThe American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages offers many proficiency tests, too. You can find plenty of tests online offered by other countries, as well.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finding the Jobs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sign up for job forums.\", \"描述\": \"Websites like Proz and Translators cafe have job postings for freelance work that could be just what you need to jumpstart your career. Some are free and some require a fee – for the record, generally the ones that cost money are a bit more lucrative in the end.\\nThere are also websites like Verbalizeit and Gengo where you take a test, they assess your skills, and you’re put into a pool of translators that clients come to for work. Once you’re fluent enough and have your resume set, try these sites to supplement your income.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get an internship.\", \"描述\": \"Paid or unpaid internships are very common ways that most interpreters and translators get their experience (no different than many other careers, really). At the end of the internship, you may be taken on as a full-time employee.\\nEscort interpreting is an opportunity for inexperienced soon-to-be interpreters to work alongside a more experienced interpreter. Ask any potential employer if they have a shadowing program if you're interested in speaking, not just writing.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Market yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Most translators are contractors, not employees usually. You'll work on a project here, a project there, taking work as it comes and goes. Because of that, you need to market yourself everywhere and everywhere. Who knows where the next job could be, even if it's just a few hours?\\nLaw firms, police stations, hospitals, government agencies, and language agencies are great places to start. Especially if you're just beginning, charge decent rates, or if you have some recommendations under your belt will this be easy.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Have a niche.\", \"描述\": \"Concentrate on one niche (maybe two) where you know the language and the topic matter. For example, if you know all the hospital terminology you need to know already, you'll be that much more up to the challenge. You'll also be able to spot content mistakes when they appear, checking for accuracy.\\nTranslators often have an easier time finding work in industries with a particularly high demand for language services, such as court or medical interpreting. It's wise to have your niche be in one of these areas.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Consider direct mailing.\", \"描述\": \"Translation agencies are always looking for good translators. Briefly list your name and contact details, languages and rates and ask for a test translation. As with everything, the longer your letter, the less likely it is that people will read to the end.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Succeeding in This Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep your rates competitive.\", \"描述\": \"As you gain more and more experience, you can charge more and more – whether it’s per word, per piece, per hour, etc. Keep your rates competitive and similar to those that match your experience.\\nMake sure you’re charging a reasonable price for the times, too. Back in 2008, when the economy wasn’t doing so well, many translators saw a dip in the prices they could charge that people were willing to pay. Make sure your rates match the times, the industry, and your experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get the right software.\", \"描述\": \"Computer Aided Translation (CAT) tools are a must for every translator or interpreter – and no, Google Translate doesn’t count. It’s a good idea to install the free Open Source CAT tool OmegaT (along with the free Open Office suite) for any projects you plan on working on.\\nUnfortunately, many out sources much prefer to work with the TMs produced by Trados, which is quite expensive. If and when you are able, consider upgrading your software to make work that much easier.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Translate only ‘’to’’ your native language.\", \"描述\": \"You’re going to find that translating to your native language is a whole lot easier than translating to your second language. That’s because each work is going to require some topical vocabulary that you likely don’t have in your second language or that you’re going to have to do a bit of research about – which is generally quicker to do in your native tongue.\\nYou can see here why it's doubly important to know the ins and outs of your own language, too. Successful translating is easiest when you're doing to your native language about a topic you know like the back of your hand.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stick to what you know.\", \"描述\": \"Let's say a company contacts you and wants you to a translate a piece on farming machinery used in the American Midwest in the late 1800s or work on a piece devoted to the freezing of human oocytes. Odds are that work is going to be the one you keep putting off and the one that takes forever to complete because you've got to make sure every word is correct. Instead, stick to your niche. You'll be better at it in addition to feeling better about your work.\\nAlways try to expand your field of expertise, but don't expand it too far. Do you specialize in medical reports on pregnancy, labor, and delivery? Start learning and working on articles devoted to pediatric care. Slowly widen your expanse of knowledge to accompany more related endeavors. You can then spread out from there.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Speak and read in your languages as often as possible.\\n\", \"Translate wikiHow articles into other languages. This helps everyone, you and wikiHow readers.\\n\", \"Remember, translators write, interpreters speak.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"The translation field needs fast, reliable people.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,835 |
How to Become a Travel Agent Online
|
1. Determining Your Specialty in the Travel Market
1-1. Consider what sort of travel agent you wish to be.
Resist the urge to instantly become a travel agent for all people interested in all destinations. Due to the limitless competition you will face on the internet, aim to be a sought-after expert, rather than a jack-of-all-trades. Just as a restaurateur must settle on a cuisine, menu, and customer demographic, start thinking about what sort of packages and destinations you would like to offer to which sort of people.
Two distinct types of travel agents are “corporate” and “leisure” agents. The former makes arrangements for companies whose personnel who must travel for their work. The latter books personal vacations for individuals.
Leisure agents may specialize in terms of themes (such as adventure or romantic getaways), destinations (with a thorough knowledge and plenty of advice for their customers), or clientele (catering to those traveling on a budget or those with unlimited means).
1-2. Write down your interests.
Increase your passion for the job and your chances of success by focusing on areas that already fascinate you. First, jot down your interests in general terms, even if they seem to have nothing to do with travel. Then create a second list of destinations that you loved visiting or would love to go to. Compare the two lists. Try to pair your interests with specific destinations that pertain to them to double your enthusiasm. For example:
If fine wine is on your list of interests, pair it with areas on your list of destinations that include wine countries, such as France, Italy, or California.
London would be an area to focus on if you have a passion for English literature.
If you are obsessed with great white sharks, think about Australia, Baja, and South Africa.
1-3. Determine your client base.
Imagine yourself back in the role of travel agent. Now picture who you would most like to see going off on your dream vacation in your place. Consider not just the destination, but the nature of your dream travel package. Perhaps most importantly, consider how much money you envision your ideal customers spending.
Contact other travel agents for quotes to get a rough idea of the going price for the sort of dream trips you would like to offer your own clients.
Use this price information to determine what sort of income your clients would need to afford these trips.
Factor in any age restrictions that may further narrow your potential client list down. A wine-tasting tour, for example, would most likely eliminate families traveling with children, while cage-diving with sharks might appeal more to younger adults than senior citizens.
2. Laying the Groundwork for Your Business
2-1. Create a budget.
Set aside money to cover essential equipment for an online business. These items include a phone, a fax machine, a website, and a computer with Internet access and a printer. Also anticipate having to possibly pay fees for the following:
Training and certification
Registering as a business
2-2. Use available resources to learn about the industry.
If you know anyone who works as a travel agent, treat them to a cup of coffee so you can pick their brain. Visit online forums and message boards that are specific to the industry to see what issues insiders talk about. Join professional networks. Subscribe to publications that are dedicated to the business.
GT Trends, Traverse, and YTP Travel Network are prominent professional networks in the industry.
Trade-specific publications include Agent@Home, Recommend, Travolution, Travel Agent Central, and Travel Trade.
2-3. Come up with a name for your business.
Since your business will be based online, keep it short so people can remember and search for it easily. Google each name you think of to see if that specific domain name has already been taken and/or if that exact company name has already been registered by another entity. Also take note of the top hits that come up with each search. Even if the name you want is currently free, consider something different if your website is likely to come 50th in a list of other popular searches.
For example, let’s say that you personally share the same name as Donald Trump. Since a Google search will bury any mention of you online under a million other sites regarding the Don, come up with a business name that does not incorporate your own name in any way.
Including the core concept of your speciality in your business name can increase its prominence in keyword searches for those terms. For example, “California Wine Tours” is self-explanatory as well as being the exact phrase someone would Google to find more information about that topic.
2-4. Register your business.
Consult a lawyer and/or tax accountant about which classification best suits your business: sole proprietor, partnership, LLC, or corporation. As a small business, you will most likely register as a sole proprietor. In that event, ask your lawyer if local or state laws require you to register a “Doing Business As” (DBA) name with those governments.
Such registrations as DBA’s are often what is meant by a “travel agent license.” In this sense of the word “license,” you are essentially paying a nominal fee and filling out some paperwork in order to work from a residence, as opposed to taking classes and passing exams in order to earn a driver’s license.
2-5. Separate your personal and business finances.
Apply for an Employer Identification Number (EIN) to use for tax purposes in lieu of your Social Security number. Open a bank account specifically for your business to keep better track of company expenses. If your business needs a credit card in addition to the debit card that comes with your new bank account, apply for a new credit card to be used exclusively for your company.
These steps are not strictly necessary to start your business, but will help keep you organized.
2-6. Utilize your contacts.
Review the people in your life. Consider all categories: family, friends, friends of friends, neighbors, classmates, co-workers, passing acquaintances. Ask yourself if there is anyway they can help promote or otherwise assist your business. For example, if you would like to specialize in wine-tasting tours to the Napa Valley and your neighbor’s son works at a hotel there, ask for his contact information. Or if you plan to arrange group trips to major sporting events, keep the diehard sports fans in your life in mind as possible links to future customers.
Use social media like Facebook and Twitter to link your business to your existing contacts. Increase your visibility. Ask them to like your website and share your posts so others in their network see you in their own feeds.
Ask people you know to refer potential customers to you. Encourage them by offering prizes or thank-you gifts for referrals who end up booking trips with you.
3. Joining a Host Agency
3-1. Consider signing up up with a host agency.
Although you are free to start an online travel agency that is totally independent of any other business entity, consider starting as an independent contractor for a host agency instead. Transition into your new career with less stress by utilizing their pre-existing infrastructure. Learn the trade and gain insight into what is needed to construct your own successful business before attempting to start one from scratch. Host agencies will provide:
Training
Community support
Lower overhead
3-2. Research agencies.
There are numerous host agencies out there, so take the time to familiarize yourself with any given one before applying to join. Read customer reviews to see if the company’s brand is sought after by the public or avoided at all costs. Visit forums frequented by current and former agents who worked with them to find out what sort of experiences they had. Call each agency to discuss information that may not have mentioned on their website. Ask about:
What sort of commission they offer and the method of payment.
Which software programs you will need and whether they offer a discount if you purchase the tech through them instead of the open market.
The amount of training that is required and what amount of continued education is offered after that.
What sort of community support is offered between you, other independent contractors, and the agency itself.
Exactly how much you will be charged to sign up, as well as any fees that may be required later on.
3-3. Determine which is best suited for you.
Once you have made contact with agencies and familiarized yourself with their operations, weigh their answers to your questions against your own personal needs. First and foremost, consider those that already offer travel within the niche market that you have decided to specialize in. Additionally, ask yourself the following:
Would you rather work for a large company with extensive resources, or a smaller one with DIY spirit and more intimate connections between workers?
Are you fine working remotely with people you will never meet, or would you rather work for a local business that occasionally gets together?
Does the training that they offer seem to cover everything you need to learn, or do you feel that you will still be overwhelmed afterward?
3-4. Sign up with the agency.
The process for each agency will vary, but expect to pay an application fee. If they offer a training and certification course, the application fee may cover these, or they may be billed separately. Complete the coursework assigned in the specified amount of time to receive certification.
Courses may be designed to be entirely online, by correspondence, or a combination of the two.
Certification is not a legal requirement to be a travel agent, so if the host agency does not offer their own certification process, you can still apply and possibly be hired. If you wish to work for this specific company and boast about being certified at the same time, you can seek certification through organizations like the Travel Institute.
Warnings
There are a number of host travel agencies that offer questionable business opportunities. Warning signs include promises about great financial rewards (like 100% commission) with little or no training required.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:58",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Determining Your Specialty in the Travel Market\\n1-1. Consider what sort of travel agent you wish to be.\\nResist the urge to instantly become a travel agent for all people interested in all destinations. Due to the limitless competition you will face on the internet, aim to be a sought-after expert, rather than a jack-of-all-trades. Just as a restaurateur must settle on a cuisine, menu, and customer demographic, start thinking about what sort of packages and destinations you would like to offer to which sort of people.\\nTwo distinct types of travel agents are “corporate” and “leisure” agents. The former makes arrangements for companies whose personnel who must travel for their work. The latter books personal vacations for individuals.\\nLeisure agents may specialize in terms of themes (such as adventure or romantic getaways), destinations (with a thorough knowledge and plenty of advice for their customers), or clientele (catering to those traveling on a budget or those with unlimited means).\\n1-2. Write down your interests.\\nIncrease your passion for the job and your chances of success by focusing on areas that already fascinate you. First, jot down your interests in general terms, even if they seem to have nothing to do with travel. Then create a second list of destinations that you loved visiting or would love to go to. Compare the two lists. Try to pair your interests with specific destinations that pertain to them to double your enthusiasm. For example:\\nIf fine wine is on your list of interests, pair it with areas on your list of destinations that include wine countries, such as France, Italy, or California.\\nLondon would be an area to focus on if you have a passion for English literature.\\nIf you are obsessed with great white sharks, think about Australia, Baja, and South Africa.\\n1-3. Determine your client base.\\nImagine yourself back in the role of travel agent. Now picture who you would most like to see going off on your dream vacation in your place. Consider not just the destination, but the nature of your dream travel package. Perhaps most importantly, consider how much money you envision your ideal customers spending.\\nContact other travel agents for quotes to get a rough idea of the going price for the sort of dream trips you would like to offer your own clients.\\nUse this price information to determine what sort of income your clients would need to afford these trips.\\nFactor in any age restrictions that may further narrow your potential client list down. A wine-tasting tour, for example, would most likely eliminate families traveling with children, while cage-diving with sharks might appeal more to younger adults than senior citizens.\\n2. Laying the Groundwork for Your Business\\n2-1. Create a budget.\\nSet aside money to cover essential equipment for an online business. These items include a phone, a fax machine, a website, and a computer with Internet access and a printer. Also anticipate having to possibly pay fees for the following:\\nTraining and certification\\nRegistering as a business\\n2-2. Use available resources to learn about the industry.\\nIf you know anyone who works as a travel agent, treat them to a cup of coffee so you can pick their brain. Visit online forums and message boards that are specific to the industry to see what issues insiders talk about. Join professional networks. Subscribe to publications that are dedicated to the business.\\nGT Trends, Traverse, and YTP Travel Network are prominent professional networks in the industry.\\nTrade-specific publications include Agent@Home, Recommend, Travolution, Travel Agent Central, and Travel Trade.\\n2-3. Come up with a name for your business.\\nSince your business will be based online, keep it short so people can remember and search for it easily. Google each name you think of to see if that specific domain name has already been taken and/or if that exact company name has already been registered by another entity. Also take note of the top hits that come up with each search. Even if the name you want is currently free, consider something different if your website is likely to come 50th in a list of other popular searches.\\nFor example, let’s say that you personally share the same name as Donald Trump. Since a Google search will bury any mention of you online under a million other sites regarding the Don, come up with a business name that does not incorporate your own name in any way.\\nIncluding the core concept of your speciality in your business name can increase its prominence in keyword searches for those terms. For example, “California Wine Tours” is self-explanatory as well as being the exact phrase someone would Google to find more information about that topic.\\n2-4. Register your business.\\nConsult a lawyer and/or tax accountant about which classification best suits your business: sole proprietor, partnership, LLC, or corporation. As a small business, you will most likely register as a sole proprietor. In that event, ask your lawyer if local or state laws require you to register a “Doing Business As” (DBA) name with those governments.\\nSuch registrations as DBA’s are often what is meant by a “travel agent license.” In this sense of the word “license,” you are essentially paying a nominal fee and filling out some paperwork in order to work from a residence, as opposed to taking classes and passing exams in order to earn a driver’s license.\\n2-5. Separate your personal and business finances.\\nApply for an Employer Identification Number (EIN) to use for tax purposes in lieu of your Social Security number. Open a bank account specifically for your business to keep better track of company expenses. If your business needs a credit card in addition to the debit card that comes with your new bank account, apply for a new credit card to be used exclusively for your company.\\nThese steps are not strictly necessary to start your business, but will help keep you organized.\\n2-6. Utilize your contacts.\\nReview the people in your life. Consider all categories: family, friends, friends of friends, neighbors, classmates, co-workers, passing acquaintances. Ask yourself if there is anyway they can help promote or otherwise assist your business. For example, if you would like to specialize in wine-tasting tours to the Napa Valley and your neighbor’s son works at a hotel there, ask for his contact information. Or if you plan to arrange group trips to major sporting events, keep the diehard sports fans in your life in mind as possible links to future customers.\\nUse social media like Facebook and Twitter to link your business to your existing contacts. Increase your visibility. Ask them to like your website and share your posts so others in their network see you in their own feeds.\\nAsk people you know to refer potential customers to you. Encourage them by offering prizes or thank-you gifts for referrals who end up booking trips with you.\\n3. Joining a Host Agency\\n3-1. Consider signing up up with a host agency.\\nAlthough you are free to start an online travel agency that is totally independent of any other business entity, consider starting as an independent contractor for a host agency instead. Transition into your new career with less stress by utilizing their pre-existing infrastructure. Learn the trade and gain insight into what is needed to construct your own successful business before attempting to start one from scratch. Host agencies will provide:\\nTraining\\nCommunity support\\nLower overhead\\n3-2. Research agencies.\\nThere are numerous host agencies out there, so take the time to familiarize yourself with any given one before applying to join. Read customer reviews to see if the company’s brand is sought after by the public or avoided at all costs. Visit forums frequented by current and former agents who worked with them to find out what sort of experiences they had. Call each agency to discuss information that may not have mentioned on their website. Ask about:\\nWhat sort of commission they offer and the method of payment.\\nWhich software programs you will need and whether they offer a discount if you purchase the tech through them instead of the open market.\\nThe amount of training that is required and what amount of continued education is offered after that.\\nWhat sort of community support is offered between you, other independent contractors, and the agency itself.\\nExactly how much you will be charged to sign up, as well as any fees that may be required later on.\\n3-3. Determine which is best suited for you.\\nOnce you have made contact with agencies and familiarized yourself with their operations, weigh their answers to your questions against your own personal needs. First and foremost, consider those that already offer travel within the niche market that you have decided to specialize in. Additionally, ask yourself the following:\\nWould you rather work for a large company with extensive resources, or a smaller one with DIY spirit and more intimate connections between workers?\\nAre you fine working remotely with people you will never meet, or would you rather work for a local business that occasionally gets together?\\nDoes the training that they offer seem to cover everything you need to learn, or do you feel that you will still be overwhelmed afterward?\\n3-4. Sign up with the agency.\\nThe process for each agency will vary, but expect to pay an application fee. If they offer a training and certification course, the application fee may cover these, or they may be billed separately. Complete the coursework assigned in the specified amount of time to receive certification.\\nCourses may be designed to be entirely online, by correspondence, or a combination of the two.\\nCertification is not a legal requirement to be a travel agent, so if the host agency does not offer their own certification process, you can still apply and possibly be hired. If you wish to work for this specific company and boast about being certified at the same time, you can seek certification through organizations like the Travel Institute.\\nWarnings\\nThere are a number of host travel agencies that offer questionable business opportunities. Warning signs include promises about great financial rewards (like 100% commission) with little or no training required.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Being an online travel agent has become a popular stay-at-home job over the years. There are numerous Internet travel agencies that offer training, certifications and the opportunity to start your own travel agency. With so much competition to face online, a smart tactic is to specialize in certain types of travel or destinations so you can market yourself as an expert. Before you start your very own agency, however, it is recommended that you start your career as an independent contractor for an established host agency so you can learn the ins and outs with minimal startup costs and less financial risk.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determining Your Specialty in the Travel Market\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider what sort of travel agent you wish to be.\", \"描述\": \"Resist the urge to instantly become a travel agent for all people interested in all destinations. Due to the limitless competition you will face on the internet, aim to be a sought-after expert, rather than a jack-of-all-trades. Just as a restaurateur must settle on a cuisine, menu, and customer demographic, start thinking about what sort of packages and destinations you would like to offer to which sort of people.\\nTwo distinct types of travel agents are “corporate” and “leisure” agents. The former makes arrangements for companies whose personnel who must travel for their work. The latter books personal vacations for individuals.\\nLeisure agents may specialize in terms of themes (such as adventure or romantic getaways), destinations (with a thorough knowledge and plenty of advice for their customers), or clientele (catering to those traveling on a budget or those with unlimited means).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Write down your interests.\", \"描述\": \"Increase your passion for the job and your chances of success by focusing on areas that already fascinate you. First, jot down your interests in general terms, even if they seem to have nothing to do with travel. Then create a second list of destinations that you loved visiting or would love to go to. Compare the two lists. Try to pair your interests with specific destinations that pertain to them to double your enthusiasm. For example:\\nIf fine wine is on your list of interests, pair it with areas on your list of destinations that include wine countries, such as France, Italy, or California.\\nLondon would be an area to focus on if you have a passion for English literature.\\nIf you are obsessed with great white sharks, think about Australia, Baja, and South Africa.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Determine your client base.\", \"描述\": \"Imagine yourself back in the role of travel agent. Now picture who you would most like to see going off on your dream vacation in your place. Consider not just the destination, but the nature of your dream travel package. Perhaps most importantly, consider how much money you envision your ideal customers spending.\\nContact other travel agents for quotes to get a rough idea of the going price for the sort of dream trips you would like to offer your own clients.\\nUse this price information to determine what sort of income your clients would need to afford these trips.\\nFactor in any age restrictions that may further narrow your potential client list down. A wine-tasting tour, for example, would most likely eliminate families traveling with children, while cage-diving with sharks might appeal more to younger adults than senior citizens.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Laying the Groundwork for Your Business\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Create a budget.\", \"描述\": \"Set aside money to cover essential equipment for an online business. These items include a phone, a fax machine, a website, and a computer with Internet access and a printer. Also anticipate having to possibly pay fees for the following:\\nTraining and certification\\nRegistering as a business\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use available resources to learn about the industry.\", \"描述\": \"If you know anyone who works as a travel agent, treat them to a cup of coffee so you can pick their brain. Visit online forums and message boards that are specific to the industry to see what issues insiders talk about. Join professional networks. Subscribe to publications that are dedicated to the business.\\nGT Trends, Traverse, and YTP Travel Network are prominent professional networks in the industry.\\nTrade-specific publications include Agent@Home, Recommend, Travolution, Travel Agent Central, and Travel Trade.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Come up with a name for your business.\", \"描述\": \"Since your business will be based online, keep it short so people can remember and search for it easily. Google each name you think of to see if that specific domain name has already been taken and/or if that exact company name has already been registered by another entity. Also take note of the top hits that come up with each search. Even if the name you want is currently free, consider something different if your website is likely to come 50th in a list of other popular searches.\\nFor example, let’s say that you personally share the same name as Donald Trump. Since a Google search will bury any mention of you online under a million other sites regarding the Don, come up with a business name that does not incorporate your own name in any way.\\nIncluding the core concept of your speciality in your business name can increase its prominence in keyword searches for those terms. For example, “California Wine Tours” is self-explanatory as well as being the exact phrase someone would Google to find more information about that topic.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Register your business.\", \"描述\": \"Consult a lawyer and/or tax accountant about which classification best suits your business: sole proprietor, partnership, LLC, or corporation. As a small business, you will most likely register as a sole proprietor. In that event, ask your lawyer if local or state laws require you to register a “Doing Business As” (DBA) name with those governments.\\nSuch registrations as DBA’s are often what is meant by a “travel agent license.” In this sense of the word “license,” you are essentially paying a nominal fee and filling out some paperwork in order to work from a residence, as opposed to taking classes and passing exams in order to earn a driver’s license.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Separate your personal and business finances.\", \"描述\": \"Apply for an Employer Identification Number (EIN) to use for tax purposes in lieu of your Social Security number. Open a bank account specifically for your business to keep better track of company expenses. If your business needs a credit card in addition to the debit card that comes with your new bank account, apply for a new credit card to be used exclusively for your company.\\nThese steps are not strictly necessary to start your business, but will help keep you organized.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Utilize your contacts.\", \"描述\": \"Review the people in your life. Consider all categories: family, friends, friends of friends, neighbors, classmates, co-workers, passing acquaintances. Ask yourself if there is anyway they can help promote or otherwise assist your business. For example, if you would like to specialize in wine-tasting tours to the Napa Valley and your neighbor’s son works at a hotel there, ask for his contact information. Or if you plan to arrange group trips to major sporting events, keep the diehard sports fans in your life in mind as possible links to future customers.\\nUse social media like Facebook and Twitter to link your business to your existing contacts. Increase your visibility. Ask them to like your website and share your posts so others in their network see you in their own feeds.\\nAsk people you know to refer potential customers to you. Encourage them by offering prizes or thank-you gifts for referrals who end up booking trips with you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Joining a Host Agency\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider signing up up with a host agency.\", \"描述\": \"Although you are free to start an online travel agency that is totally independent of any other business entity, consider starting as an independent contractor for a host agency instead. Transition into your new career with less stress by utilizing their pre-existing infrastructure. Learn the trade and gain insight into what is needed to construct your own successful business before attempting to start one from scratch. Host agencies will provide:\\nTraining\\nCommunity support\\nLower overhead\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Research agencies.\", \"描述\": \"There are numerous host agencies out there, so take the time to familiarize yourself with any given one before applying to join. Read customer reviews to see if the company’s brand is sought after by the public or avoided at all costs. Visit forums frequented by current and former agents who worked with them to find out what sort of experiences they had. Call each agency to discuss information that may not have mentioned on their website. Ask about:\\nWhat sort of commission they offer and the method of payment.\\nWhich software programs you will need and whether they offer a discount if you purchase the tech through them instead of the open market.\\nThe amount of training that is required and what amount of continued education is offered after that.\\nWhat sort of community support is offered between you, other independent contractors, and the agency itself.\\nExactly how much you will be charged to sign up, as well as any fees that may be required later on.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Determine which is best suited for you.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have made contact with agencies and familiarized yourself with their operations, weigh their answers to your questions against your own personal needs. First and foremost, consider those that already offer travel within the niche market that you have decided to specialize in. Additionally, ask yourself the following:\\nWould you rather work for a large company with extensive resources, or a smaller one with DIY spirit and more intimate connections between workers?\\nAre you fine working remotely with people you will never meet, or would you rather work for a local business that occasionally gets together?\\nDoes the training that they offer seem to cover everything you need to learn, or do you feel that you will still be overwhelmed afterward?\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Sign up with the agency.\", \"描述\": \"The process for each agency will vary, but expect to pay an application fee. If they offer a training and certification course, the application fee may cover these, or they may be billed separately. Complete the coursework assigned in the specified amount of time to receive certification.\\nCourses may be designed to be entirely online, by correspondence, or a combination of the two.\\nCertification is not a legal requirement to be a travel agent, so if the host agency does not offer their own certification process, you can still apply and possibly be hired. If you wish to work for this specific company and boast about being certified at the same time, you can seek certification through organizations like the Travel Institute.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"There are a number of host travel agencies that offer questionable business opportunities. Warning signs include promises about great financial rewards (like 100% commission) with little or no training required.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,836 |
How to Become a Travel Consultant
|
1. Educating Yourself
1-1. Obtain your high school diploma or equivalent.
As with many other careers, you probably won’t get far without your high school diploma or GED. If you never graduated from high school, check out test prep materials from your local library, then schedule the GED exam online.
If you’re still in high school, begin or continue taking courses in a foreign language. Also consider business, computer, or communication courses if your school offers them.
1-2. Attend a 2-year or 4-year college.
While college is not strictly necessary to become a travel consultant, your job prospects will increase exponentially if you have an associate’s or bachelor’s degree in a relevant field. Look for programs or majors in travel, tourism, geography, business, communications, hospitality, or any foreign language.
1-3. Study a foreign language.
Learning another language increases your knowledge of another culture and boosts your credibility with clients. It also means you can take on more clients because you can converse easily with more people. Enroll in courses at a community center or college, or visit the library and check out self-taught programs like Rosetta Stone.
1-4. Take computer classes.
Between making reservations and communicating with clients, you’ll do a lot of your work on a computer. So if you’re not already well-versed in email, word processing, and a spreadsheet application like Excel, it’s time to learn. Take classes at a local community center or college, or browse online tutorials or videos for learning various functions.
1-5. Sign up for a travel agent certification program.
Physical and online travel schools offer programs that are designed to teach students about all aspects of the travel industry. They can take anywhere from two to six months to complete and are a good option for anyone brand new to the industry.
Look up a list of programs endorsed by the American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA) or the International Association of Travel Agents Network (IATAN).
2. Developing the Necessary Skills
2-1. Travel as much as possible.
The best way to prove you are qualified in the travel field is to develop experience in domestic and international travel. If you don’t have the money to travel internationally, start taking road trips wherever and whenever you can. Go places with friends and go places by yourself to get a sense of the differences between travelling in a group and travelling solo.
2-2. Keep a travel journal.
As you embark on all of your adventures, reflect on the different cultures you’re experiencing. Note what you liked and disliked about a place. Write down your favorite restaurants or shops so you could recommend them to others. This is all good practice for when you start planning other people’s trips.
2-3. Practice your interpersonal skills.
The way you communicate with people will have a huge effect on how successful you are as a travel consultant. Start working on these skills now by becoming a better listener and promoting positivity.
Practice active listening by repeating what someone says in your own words. This shows them you’re engaged in the conversation.
Create positive interactions by smiling when greeting others, offering them your assistance, and showing you care with a simple, “How are you today?”
3. Getting Job Experience
3-1. Work in a related field.
Experience in hospitality, sales, and customer service is all useful to a travel consultant. Apply for a job working at the reservation desk of a hotel. Get a job as a tour guide or a booking agent at a local tour company. Even working at a call center will give you the customer service experience that employers are looking for.
3-2. Join a host agency.
When you work for a host agency, you can get up and running quickly as an independent agent while also benefitting from the host’s resources, like access to suppliers, accounting services, and training opportunities. Then you split any commission you make with your host agency.
You'll still have to do all your own marketing to drive traffic to your independent website, but you can avoid all the hard work of setting up a brand new business.
Visit an impartial site, like HostAgencyReviews.com to compare host agencies and learn more about different ones.
3-3. Specialize your services.
The travel industry is large, and it is fractured into niche markets, like student, luxury, or adventure travel. If you have a lot of personal experience with one type of travel, look for companies that cater directly to that market. Your expertise may allow you to start at a higher salary than an entry-level position.
Other niche travel markets include community service, seniors, singles, families, women only, pets, disabled, and honeymoons.
3-4. Design a website.
Having a user-friendly website is essential for a travel agent trying to attract new clients. If you're low on funds, you can use a service like Squarespace, which provides design templates for you to build on. But if you can afford it, hire a professional to design the site for you. They'll know all the tricks for attracting and retaining visitors.
Write articles for your site, get a newsletter started, pay for ads online, and spread news of your new business across social media.
It may be worthwhile to take an online course in internet marketing if you’re unfamiliar with it.
3-5. Start your own travel company.
With a high-speed internet connection, a cell phone, and a well-designed website, there’s not much keeping you from starting your own business at home. You’ll need to file the appropriate business paperwork with your city or state, get insurance, and devote most of your time early on to marketing and attracting clients.
3-6. Get certified through IATA.
The International Air Transport Association requires that you be accredited in order to book flights as a travel agent. If you work for an agency, you can use their accreditation to get your own ID card. If you start your own business, you'll need to submit a considerable amount of paperwork with your application.
Some of the necessary paperwork includes your business license, proof of liability insurance, tax documents, and a letter of recommendation from a former employer.
Each country has their own national certification boards for travel agencies, so visit the IATA website for your country’s requirements.
Tips
Be aware that a travel consultant is both a travel expert and a salesperson. The consultant is responsible for listening to preferences, suggesting destinations, easing a traveler's concerns and closing the sale in order to make a profit.
After receiving your IATA or ASTA card, you may be eligible for specials and discounts on flights, rental cars, hotels, and more. Use these discounts for your personal travel, as it will only enhance your expertise.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:58",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Educating Yourself\\n1-1. Obtain your high school diploma or equivalent.\\nAs with many other careers, you probably won’t get far without your high school diploma or GED. If you never graduated from high school, check out test prep materials from your local library, then schedule the GED exam online.\\nIf you’re still in high school, begin or continue taking courses in a foreign language. Also consider business, computer, or communication courses if your school offers them.\\n1-2. Attend a 2-year or 4-year college.\\nWhile college is not strictly necessary to become a travel consultant, your job prospects will increase exponentially if you have an associate’s or bachelor’s degree in a relevant field. Look for programs or majors in travel, tourism, geography, business, communications, hospitality, or any foreign language.\\n1-3. Study a foreign language.\\nLearning another language increases your knowledge of another culture and boosts your credibility with clients. It also means you can take on more clients because you can converse easily with more people. Enroll in courses at a community center or college, or visit the library and check out self-taught programs like Rosetta Stone.\\n1-4. Take computer classes.\\nBetween making reservations and communicating with clients, you’ll do a lot of your work on a computer. So if you’re not already well-versed in email, word processing, and a spreadsheet application like Excel, it’s time to learn. Take classes at a local community center or college, or browse online tutorials or videos for learning various functions.\\n1-5. Sign up for a travel agent certification program.\\nPhysical and online travel schools offer programs that are designed to teach students about all aspects of the travel industry. They can take anywhere from two to six months to complete and are a good option for anyone brand new to the industry.\\nLook up a list of programs endorsed by the American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA) or the International Association of Travel Agents Network (IATAN).\\n2. Developing the Necessary Skills\\n2-1. Travel as much as possible.\\nThe best way to prove you are qualified in the travel field is to develop experience in domestic and international travel. If you don’t have the money to travel internationally, start taking road trips wherever and whenever you can. Go places with friends and go places by yourself to get a sense of the differences between travelling in a group and travelling solo.\\n2-2. Keep a travel journal.\\nAs you embark on all of your adventures, reflect on the different cultures you’re experiencing. Note what you liked and disliked about a place. Write down your favorite restaurants or shops so you could recommend them to others. This is all good practice for when you start planning other people’s trips.\\n2-3. Practice your interpersonal skills.\\nThe way you communicate with people will have a huge effect on how successful you are as a travel consultant. Start working on these skills now by becoming a better listener and promoting positivity.\\nPractice active listening by repeating what someone says in your own words. This shows them you’re engaged in the conversation.\\nCreate positive interactions by smiling when greeting others, offering them your assistance, and showing you care with a simple, “How are you today?”\\n3. Getting Job Experience\\n3-1. Work in a related field.\\nExperience in hospitality, sales, and customer service is all useful to a travel consultant. Apply for a job working at the reservation desk of a hotel. Get a job as a tour guide or a booking agent at a local tour company. Even working at a call center will give you the customer service experience that employers are looking for.\\n3-2. Join a host agency.\\nWhen you work for a host agency, you can get up and running quickly as an independent agent while also benefitting from the host’s resources, like access to suppliers, accounting services, and training opportunities. Then you split any commission you make with your host agency.\\nYou'll still have to do all your own marketing to drive traffic to your independent website, but you can avoid all the hard work of setting up a brand new business.\\nVisit an impartial site, like HostAgencyReviews.com to compare host agencies and learn more about different ones.\\n3-3. Specialize your services.\\nThe travel industry is large, and it is fractured into niche markets, like student, luxury, or adventure travel. If you have a lot of personal experience with one type of travel, look for companies that cater directly to that market. Your expertise may allow you to start at a higher salary than an entry-level position.\\nOther niche travel markets include community service, seniors, singles, families, women only, pets, disabled, and honeymoons.\\n3-4. Design a website.\\nHaving a user-friendly website is essential for a travel agent trying to attract new clients. If you're low on funds, you can use a service like Squarespace, which provides design templates for you to build on. But if you can afford it, hire a professional to design the site for you. They'll know all the tricks for attracting and retaining visitors.\\nWrite articles for your site, get a newsletter started, pay for ads online, and spread news of your new business across social media.\\nIt may be worthwhile to take an online course in internet marketing if you’re unfamiliar with it.\\n3-5. Start your own travel company.\\nWith a high-speed internet connection, a cell phone, and a well-designed website, there’s not much keeping you from starting your own business at home. You’ll need to file the appropriate business paperwork with your city or state, get insurance, and devote most of your time early on to marketing and attracting clients.\\n3-6. Get certified through IATA.\\nThe International Air Transport Association requires that you be accredited in order to book flights as a travel agent. If you work for an agency, you can use their accreditation to get your own ID card. If you start your own business, you'll need to submit a considerable amount of paperwork with your application.\\nSome of the necessary paperwork includes your business license, proof of liability insurance, tax documents, and a letter of recommendation from a former employer.\\nEach country has their own national certification boards for travel agencies, so visit the IATA website for your country’s requirements.\\nTips\\nBe aware that a travel consultant is both a travel expert and a salesperson. The consultant is responsible for listening to preferences, suggesting destinations, easing a traveler's concerns and closing the sale in order to make a profit.\\nAfter receiving your IATA or ASTA card, you may be eligible for specials and discounts on flights, rental cars, hotels, and more. Use these discounts for your personal travel, as it will only enhance your expertise.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"These days, many people book flights, hotels, cruises, and excursions online without anyone’s guidance. But that doesn’t mean travel consultants aren’t still important, or that they can’t still make a living in the travel industry. Through a combination of proper education, relevant skills, and related work experience, you can become a travel agent with invaluable expertise and advice for the modern traveler.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Educating Yourself\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Obtain your high school diploma or equivalent.\", \"描述\": \"As with many other careers, you probably won’t get far without your high school diploma or GED. If you never graduated from high school, check out test prep materials from your local library, then schedule the GED exam online.\\nIf you’re still in high school, begin or continue taking courses in a foreign language. Also consider business, computer, or communication courses if your school offers them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Attend a 2-year or 4-year college.\", \"描述\": \"While college is not strictly necessary to become a travel consultant, your job prospects will increase exponentially if you have an associate’s or bachelor’s degree in a relevant field. Look for programs or majors in travel, tourism, geography, business, communications, hospitality, or any foreign language.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Study a foreign language.\", \"描述\": \"Learning another language increases your knowledge of another culture and boosts your credibility with clients. It also means you can take on more clients because you can converse easily with more people. Enroll in courses at a community center or college, or visit the library and check out self-taught programs like Rosetta Stone.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take computer classes.\", \"描述\": \"Between making reservations and communicating with clients, you’ll do a lot of your work on a computer. So if you’re not already well-versed in email, word processing, and a spreadsheet application like Excel, it’s time to learn. Take classes at a local community center or college, or browse online tutorials or videos for learning various functions.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Sign up for a travel agent certification program.\", \"描述\": \"Physical and online travel schools offer programs that are designed to teach students about all aspects of the travel industry. They can take anywhere from two to six months to complete and are a good option for anyone brand new to the industry.\\nLook up a list of programs endorsed by the American Society of Travel Agents (ASTA) or the International Association of Travel Agents Network (IATAN).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Developing the Necessary Skills\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Travel as much as possible.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to prove you are qualified in the travel field is to develop experience in domestic and international travel. If you don’t have the money to travel internationally, start taking road trips wherever and whenever you can. Go places with friends and go places by yourself to get a sense of the differences between travelling in a group and travelling solo.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep a travel journal.\", \"描述\": \"As you embark on all of your adventures, reflect on the different cultures you’re experiencing. Note what you liked and disliked about a place. Write down your favorite restaurants or shops so you could recommend them to others. This is all good practice for when you start planning other people’s trips.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice your interpersonal skills.\", \"描述\": \"The way you communicate with people will have a huge effect on how successful you are as a travel consultant. Start working on these skills now by becoming a better listener and promoting positivity.\\nPractice active listening by repeating what someone says in your own words. This shows them you’re engaged in the conversation.\\nCreate positive interactions by smiling when greeting others, offering them your assistance, and showing you care with a simple, “How are you today?”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Getting Job Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work in a related field.\", \"描述\": \"Experience in hospitality, sales, and customer service is all useful to a travel consultant. Apply for a job working at the reservation desk of a hotel. Get a job as a tour guide or a booking agent at a local tour company. Even working at a call center will give you the customer service experience that employers are looking for.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Join a host agency.\", \"描述\": \"When you work for a host agency, you can get up and running quickly as an independent agent while also benefitting from the host’s resources, like access to suppliers, accounting services, and training opportunities. Then you split any commission you make with your host agency.\\nYou'll still have to do all your own marketing to drive traffic to your independent website, but you can avoid all the hard work of setting up a brand new business.\\nVisit an impartial site, like HostAgencyReviews.com to compare host agencies and learn more about different ones.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Specialize your services.\", \"描述\": \"The travel industry is large, and it is fractured into niche markets, like student, luxury, or adventure travel. If you have a lot of personal experience with one type of travel, look for companies that cater directly to that market. Your expertise may allow you to start at a higher salary than an entry-level position.\\nOther niche travel markets include community service, seniors, singles, families, women only, pets, disabled, and honeymoons.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Design a website.\", \"描述\": \"Having a user-friendly website is essential for a travel agent trying to attract new clients. If you're low on funds, you can use a service like Squarespace, which provides design templates for you to build on. But if you can afford it, hire a professional to design the site for you. They'll know all the tricks for attracting and retaining visitors.\\nWrite articles for your site, get a newsletter started, pay for ads online, and spread news of your new business across social media.\\nIt may be worthwhile to take an online course in internet marketing if you’re unfamiliar with it.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Start your own travel company.\", \"描述\": \"With a high-speed internet connection, a cell phone, and a well-designed website, there’s not much keeping you from starting your own business at home. You’ll need to file the appropriate business paperwork with your city or state, get insurance, and devote most of your time early on to marketing and attracting clients.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Get certified through IATA.\", \"描述\": \"The International Air Transport Association requires that you be accredited in order to book flights as a travel agent. If you work for an agency, you can use their accreditation to get your own ID card. If you start your own business, you'll need to submit a considerable amount of paperwork with your application.\\nSome of the necessary paperwork includes your business license, proof of liability insurance, tax documents, and a letter of recommendation from a former employer.\\nEach country has their own national certification boards for travel agencies, so visit the IATA website for your country’s requirements.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Be aware that a travel consultant is both a travel expert and a salesperson. The consultant is responsible for listening to preferences, suggesting destinations, easing a traveler's concerns and closing the sale in order to make a profit.\\n\", \"After receiving your IATA or ASTA card, you may be eligible for specials and discounts on flights, rental cars, hotels, and more. Use these discounts for your personal travel, as it will only enhance your expertise.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,837 |
How to Become a Trichologist
|
1. Choosing a Career Path
1-1. Attend cosmetology school if you want to offer services as a stylist.
Trichologists help people with hair loss, alopecia, and other scalp disorders. This makes the salon an excellent setting for a trichologist. Many trichologists offer their services through a salon or as an extension of their work as a hairdresser. Apply for a cosmetology program and complete the coursework if you want to become a trichologist that cuts and styles hair.
Becoming a certified cosmetologist takes 2–3 years.
There are very few trichologists that work exclusively in the field of trichology. Most trichologists work either as hairdressers or hair restoration specialists.
1-2. Earn an associate’s degree in hair restoration to work at a clinic.
Some trichologists work at hair restoration clinics and help people with hair loss. Trichologists often work as lab assistants, consultants, and aides for transplant surgeons. To enter this field, get an associate’s degree in hair restoration, medical transcribing, or cosmetology. Search online and call your local community college to find an associate’s program that specializes in hair restoration.
An associate’s degree takes 2 years to complete. These degrees can often be completed online.
1-3. Get a medical degree in dermatology to specialize in skincare.
If you really want to be an expert in your field, get a medical degree in dermatology before you pursue a trichology certification. After getting your undergraduate degree, apply for medical school and specialize in dermatology. Complete 4 years of coursework and 3 years of clinical residency. Then, pass the MCAT to become board certified in your field. As a clinical trichologist, you’ll work at a hair restoration clinic or hospital where you’ll examine patients and prescribe medications for hair loss.
Becoming a board-certified dermatologist typically takes 8–10 years.
If you want to become a hair restoration surgeon, you’ll need an additional 2–4 years of medical school to earn your dermatological surgeon’s certification.
2. Selecting a Trichology Program
2-1. Get a clinical certification if you want to focus on medicine.
Clinical certifications take longer to complete and are more expensive. They’re more thorough and emphasize the medical components of trichology. This makes clinical certifications the best option if you plan on working with patients in a clinical context.
To pass a clinical program, you typically have to complete an observation or residency with a practicing hair loss clinician.
2-2. Select an associate certification if you want to style hair or assist.
Associate programs focus on the basics of scalp health and hair restoration. Associate certifications are the most efficient if you plan on working in a salon or at a hair restoration clinic as a clerk, consultant, or lab assistant. These certifications are cheaper and generally shorter than clinical certificates.
Some associate programs also focus on the business component of trichology. If you are hoping to work at a hair restoration clinic as a salesperson or marketing specialist, this is the best program for you.
2-3. Look for an in-depth program with an academic component.
If a program requires essays, coursework, and takes at least 6 months to complete, it’s probably a reputable program. You need to understand a lot about alopecia, hormonal therapy, skin oils, and infectious diseases, which requires a lot of research and reading. A rigorous program will prepare you to adequately help your future clients and patients.
In-depth clinical programs typically take 2–3 years to complete. Associate programs take roughly 6–18 months to complete.
Trichology is a relatively new field. It can be difficult to figure out what is legitimate and not, so look into potential programs thoroughly to ensure that they’re academically rigorous.
2-4. Avoid programs that advertise quick certifications.
A high-quality trichology certification takes at least 6 months to complete. Stay away from programs that advertise certifications that you can earn in a few days or weeks. These programs won’t be very in-depth and you won’t be adequately prepared for a career in trichology. Look at a program’s syllabus to see how thorough the program actually is.
While trichologists are not doctors, they are expected to be certified. However, there are no regulations surrounding the certification process. This means that there are a lot of poor programs out there.
2-5. Apply for the program online and pay the tuition to begin.
Once you find a certification program that suits you, apply online. Fill out an application and enter your personal information. Pay the tuition to begin your online studies and start your classwork.
Trichology programs typically cost $500–3,000 per year.
Because trichology is not a particularly popular occupation, there are very few in-person classes. Almost every trichology certification is earned online.
3. Earning Your Certification
3-1. Attend your online lectures to learn as much as possible.
Don’t skip class and do your best to focus during lectures. Take notes and review them before each class to keep material fresh in your mind. Read the required textbooks as they’re assigned to ensure that you learn everything you need to know about trichology.
The classes and lectures will cover glands, hair anatomy, types of hair loss, and herbal supplements. There is a lot of material to learn, so stay focused in class to ensure that you don’t miss important information.
Trichology programs are typically pretty intimate. Participate as much as possible to build good relationships with your teachers. You may need their letters of recommendation in the future.
3-2. Submit your essays, homework, and projects to earn passing marks.
Over the course of the program, you’ll be assigned essays, research projects, and short response quizzes. Submit all of your coursework as it is assigned to ensure that you stay on track to graduate on time.
Possible essay topics include research papers on hair anatomy, clinical tools, or the history of hair restoration.
You may need to create projects to demonstrate your understanding of complex topics. For example, you may be required to create a presentation on diagnosing alopecia or perform a mock consultation with a client.
3-3. Pass the final exam to earn your certification.
Once you’ve submitted all of your coursework, you’ll need to take a final exam to pass the course. The contents of your final exam will differ based on your specific program and type of degree. These exams are usually 100-200 questions and will test your ability to diagnose hair loss, identify dangerous symptoms, and explain key concepts in the field. Once you take the exam, wait to receive your certification in the mail or online.
Some programs offer additional study guides and test prep in addition to the classes that you’ve taken. Sign up for the test prep class or buy a study guide to ensure that you understand the format of the exam.
4. Working as a Trichologist
4-1. Join a professional organization to network and improve your craft.
Search online to find a professional trichology organization in your country. Pay the membership fee and present your credentials to join the organization. This way, you can meet other people in your field, access ground-breaking research, and add another credential to your resume.
The most popular and authoritative organization is the Association of Registered Trichologists. You can visit their website at https://theart.org.uk/.
Another popular choice is the World Trichology Society. Visit them online at http://worldtrichologysociety.org/.
The cost of joining a trichology organization are typically $100-300 a year.
4-2. Help clients disguise and prevent hair loss as a cosmetologist.
As a trichologist working as a hair stylist, work with clients that have unique conditions that result in hair loss, sensitive scalp skin, or thinning hair. Create haircuts that highlight your client’s positive features and suggest products that will keep their hair looking thick and beautiful.
Look for positions at a salon online. You can also rent out a chair at a salon with a vacant seat to build your own client base if you’d like.
Acquire clients by advertising your services on your salon’s website and through word of mouth.
4-3. Restore and revitalize hair by working at a hair restoration clinic.
As a non-medical trichologist working at a hair restoration clinic, there are a variety of positions available to you. You can work in the front office where you’ll prepare patients and sell products. You can also work as an assistant to the doctor, where you’ll consult patients and perform simple diagnostic tests. Reach out to hair restoration clinics in your area to find out more about the available positions.
There are very few clinics that operate purely as trichology clinics, but you may have a few in your area if you live in a larger city.
4-4. Diagnose symptoms and prescribe treatments as a dermatologist.
As a medical dermatologist with a specialty in trichology, you will meet with patients, examine scalps, order tests, prescribe treatments, and perform hair transplants. Some dermatologists operate out of a hospital while others have offices at a hair treatment clinic. Work at a restoration clinic if you want to exclusively focus on giving your clients a full head of hair. Work at a hospital if you want to diagnose patients and focus on the medical side of hair loss.
After residency, search online and contact hospitals to find institutions looking for dermatologists that specialize in hair loss. You’ll have very few competitors in your field of specialty, so don’t get discouraged if you don’t find openings immediately.
If you have a specialty in hair restoration surgery, get some experience working as a surgeon at a hospital or hair restoration clinic. After a few years, you’ll have the experience needed to start your own business!
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:58",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Choosing a Career Path\\n1-1. Attend cosmetology school if you want to offer services as a stylist.\\nTrichologists help people with hair loss, alopecia, and other scalp disorders. This makes the salon an excellent setting for a trichologist. Many trichologists offer their services through a salon or as an extension of their work as a hairdresser. Apply for a cosmetology program and complete the coursework if you want to become a trichologist that cuts and styles hair.\\nBecoming a certified cosmetologist takes 2–3 years.\\nThere are very few trichologists that work exclusively in the field of trichology. Most trichologists work either as hairdressers or hair restoration specialists.\\n1-2. Earn an associate’s degree in hair restoration to work at a clinic.\\nSome trichologists work at hair restoration clinics and help people with hair loss. Trichologists often work as lab assistants, consultants, and aides for transplant surgeons. To enter this field, get an associate’s degree in hair restoration, medical transcribing, or cosmetology. Search online and call your local community college to find an associate’s program that specializes in hair restoration.\\nAn associate’s degree takes 2 years to complete. These degrees can often be completed online.\\n1-3. Get a medical degree in dermatology to specialize in skincare.\\nIf you really want to be an expert in your field, get a medical degree in dermatology before you pursue a trichology certification. After getting your undergraduate degree, apply for medical school and specialize in dermatology. Complete 4 years of coursework and 3 years of clinical residency. Then, pass the MCAT to become board certified in your field. As a clinical trichologist, you’ll work at a hair restoration clinic or hospital where you’ll examine patients and prescribe medications for hair loss.\\nBecoming a board-certified dermatologist typically takes 8–10 years.\\nIf you want to become a hair restoration surgeon, you’ll need an additional 2–4 years of medical school to earn your dermatological surgeon’s certification.\\n2. Selecting a Trichology Program\\n2-1. Get a clinical certification if you want to focus on medicine.\\nClinical certifications take longer to complete and are more expensive. They’re more thorough and emphasize the medical components of trichology. This makes clinical certifications the best option if you plan on working with patients in a clinical context.\\nTo pass a clinical program, you typically have to complete an observation or residency with a practicing hair loss clinician.\\n2-2. Select an associate certification if you want to style hair or assist.\\nAssociate programs focus on the basics of scalp health and hair restoration. Associate certifications are the most efficient if you plan on working in a salon or at a hair restoration clinic as a clerk, consultant, or lab assistant. These certifications are cheaper and generally shorter than clinical certificates.\\nSome associate programs also focus on the business component of trichology. If you are hoping to work at a hair restoration clinic as a salesperson or marketing specialist, this is the best program for you.\\n2-3. Look for an in-depth program with an academic component.\\nIf a program requires essays, coursework, and takes at least 6 months to complete, it’s probably a reputable program. You need to understand a lot about alopecia, hormonal therapy, skin oils, and infectious diseases, which requires a lot of research and reading. A rigorous program will prepare you to adequately help your future clients and patients.\\nIn-depth clinical programs typically take 2–3 years to complete. Associate programs take roughly 6–18 months to complete.\\nTrichology is a relatively new field. It can be difficult to figure out what is legitimate and not, so look into potential programs thoroughly to ensure that they’re academically rigorous.\\n2-4. Avoid programs that advertise quick certifications.\\nA high-quality trichology certification takes at least 6 months to complete. Stay away from programs that advertise certifications that you can earn in a few days or weeks. These programs won’t be very in-depth and you won’t be adequately prepared for a career in trichology. Look at a program’s syllabus to see how thorough the program actually is.\\nWhile trichologists are not doctors, they are expected to be certified. However, there are no regulations surrounding the certification process. This means that there are a lot of poor programs out there.\\n2-5. Apply for the program online and pay the tuition to begin.\\nOnce you find a certification program that suits you, apply online. Fill out an application and enter your personal information. Pay the tuition to begin your online studies and start your classwork.\\nTrichology programs typically cost $500–3,000 per year.\\nBecause trichology is not a particularly popular occupation, there are very few in-person classes. Almost every trichology certification is earned online.\\n3. Earning Your Certification\\n3-1. Attend your online lectures to learn as much as possible.\\nDon’t skip class and do your best to focus during lectures. Take notes and review them before each class to keep material fresh in your mind. Read the required textbooks as they’re assigned to ensure that you learn everything you need to know about trichology.\\nThe classes and lectures will cover glands, hair anatomy, types of hair loss, and herbal supplements. There is a lot of material to learn, so stay focused in class to ensure that you don’t miss important information.\\nTrichology programs are typically pretty intimate. Participate as much as possible to build good relationships with your teachers. You may need their letters of recommendation in the future.\\n3-2. Submit your essays, homework, and projects to earn passing marks.\\nOver the course of the program, you’ll be assigned essays, research projects, and short response quizzes. Submit all of your coursework as it is assigned to ensure that you stay on track to graduate on time.\\nPossible essay topics include research papers on hair anatomy, clinical tools, or the history of hair restoration.\\nYou may need to create projects to demonstrate your understanding of complex topics. For example, you may be required to create a presentation on diagnosing alopecia or perform a mock consultation with a client.\\n3-3. Pass the final exam to earn your certification.\\nOnce you’ve submitted all of your coursework, you’ll need to take a final exam to pass the course. The contents of your final exam will differ based on your specific program and type of degree. These exams are usually 100-200 questions and will test your ability to diagnose hair loss, identify dangerous symptoms, and explain key concepts in the field. Once you take the exam, wait to receive your certification in the mail or online.\\nSome programs offer additional study guides and test prep in addition to the classes that you’ve taken. Sign up for the test prep class or buy a study guide to ensure that you understand the format of the exam.\\n4. Working as a Trichologist\\n4-1. Join a professional organization to network and improve your craft.\\nSearch online to find a professional trichology organization in your country. Pay the membership fee and present your credentials to join the organization. This way, you can meet other people in your field, access ground-breaking research, and add another credential to your resume.\\nThe most popular and authoritative organization is the Association of Registered Trichologists. You can visit their website at https://theart.org.uk/.\\nAnother popular choice is the World Trichology Society. Visit them online at http://worldtrichologysociety.org/.\\nThe cost of joining a trichology organization are typically $100-300 a year.\\n4-2. Help clients disguise and prevent hair loss as a cosmetologist.\\nAs a trichologist working as a hair stylist, work with clients that have unique conditions that result in hair loss, sensitive scalp skin, or thinning hair. Create haircuts that highlight your client’s positive features and suggest products that will keep their hair looking thick and beautiful.\\nLook for positions at a salon online. You can also rent out a chair at a salon with a vacant seat to build your own client base if you’d like.\\nAcquire clients by advertising your services on your salon’s website and through word of mouth.\\n4-3. Restore and revitalize hair by working at a hair restoration clinic.\\nAs a non-medical trichologist working at a hair restoration clinic, there are a variety of positions available to you. You can work in the front office where you’ll prepare patients and sell products. You can also work as an assistant to the doctor, where you’ll consult patients and perform simple diagnostic tests. Reach out to hair restoration clinics in your area to find out more about the available positions.\\nThere are very few clinics that operate purely as trichology clinics, but you may have a few in your area if you live in a larger city.\\n4-4. Diagnose symptoms and prescribe treatments as a dermatologist.\\nAs a medical dermatologist with a specialty in trichology, you will meet with patients, examine scalps, order tests, prescribe treatments, and perform hair transplants. Some dermatologists operate out of a hospital while others have offices at a hair treatment clinic. Work at a restoration clinic if you want to exclusively focus on giving your clients a full head of hair. Work at a hospital if you want to diagnose patients and focus on the medical side of hair loss.\\nAfter residency, search online and contact hospitals to find institutions looking for dermatologists that specialize in hair loss. You’ll have very few competitors in your field of specialty, so don’t get discouraged if you don’t find openings immediately.\\nIf you have a specialty in hair restoration surgery, get some experience working as a surgeon at a hospital or hair restoration clinic. After a few years, you’ll have the experience needed to start your own business!\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Trichology is the study of hair, hair loss, and scalps. Trichologists are not doctors, although many dermatologists pursue a specialty in trichology to work in the field of hair restoration. You can also find trichologists in salons, where they work with clients with unique hair conditions. The field of trichology is relatively new, and there are no federal regulations surrounding certification in the field. This makes the certification process pretty tricky. To start, decide whether you want to work as a stylist, assistant, or clinician. Find a reputable certification program and complete it to start your new career in trichology.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choosing a Career Path\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Attend cosmetology school if you want to offer services as a stylist.\", \"描述\": \"Trichologists help people with hair loss, alopecia, and other scalp disorders. This makes the salon an excellent setting for a trichologist. Many trichologists offer their services through a salon or as an extension of their work as a hairdresser. Apply for a cosmetology program and complete the coursework if you want to become a trichologist that cuts and styles hair.\\nBecoming a certified cosmetologist takes 2–3 years.\\nThere are very few trichologists that work exclusively in the field of trichology. Most trichologists work either as hairdressers or hair restoration specialists.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Earn an associate’s degree in hair restoration to work at a clinic.\", \"描述\": \"Some trichologists work at hair restoration clinics and help people with hair loss. Trichologists often work as lab assistants, consultants, and aides for transplant surgeons. To enter this field, get an associate’s degree in hair restoration, medical transcribing, or cosmetology. Search online and call your local community college to find an associate’s program that specializes in hair restoration.\\nAn associate’s degree takes 2 years to complete. These degrees can often be completed online.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a medical degree in dermatology to specialize in skincare.\", \"描述\": \"If you really want to be an expert in your field, get a medical degree in dermatology before you pursue a trichology certification. After getting your undergraduate degree, apply for medical school and specialize in dermatology. Complete 4 years of coursework and 3 years of clinical residency. Then, pass the MCAT to become board certified in your field. As a clinical trichologist, you’ll work at a hair restoration clinic or hospital where you’ll examine patients and prescribe medications for hair loss.\\nBecoming a board-certified dermatologist typically takes 8–10 years.\\nIf you want to become a hair restoration surgeon, you’ll need an additional 2–4 years of medical school to earn your dermatological surgeon’s certification.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Selecting a Trichology Program\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a clinical certification if you want to focus on medicine.\", \"描述\": \"Clinical certifications take longer to complete and are more expensive. They’re more thorough and emphasize the medical components of trichology. This makes clinical certifications the best option if you plan on working with patients in a clinical context.\\nTo pass a clinical program, you typically have to complete an observation or residency with a practicing hair loss clinician.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Select an associate certification if you want to style hair or assist.\", \"描述\": \"Associate programs focus on the basics of scalp health and hair restoration. Associate certifications are the most efficient if you plan on working in a salon or at a hair restoration clinic as a clerk, consultant, or lab assistant. These certifications are cheaper and generally shorter than clinical certificates.\\nSome associate programs also focus on the business component of trichology. If you are hoping to work at a hair restoration clinic as a salesperson or marketing specialist, this is the best program for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for an in-depth program with an academic component.\", \"描述\": \"If a program requires essays, coursework, and takes at least 6 months to complete, it’s probably a reputable program. You need to understand a lot about alopecia, hormonal therapy, skin oils, and infectious diseases, which requires a lot of research and reading. A rigorous program will prepare you to adequately help your future clients and patients.\\nIn-depth clinical programs typically take 2–3 years to complete. Associate programs take roughly 6–18 months to complete.\\nTrichology is a relatively new field. It can be difficult to figure out what is legitimate and not, so look into potential programs thoroughly to ensure that they’re academically rigorous.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoid programs that advertise quick certifications.\", \"描述\": \"A high-quality trichology certification takes at least 6 months to complete. Stay away from programs that advertise certifications that you can earn in a few days or weeks. These programs won’t be very in-depth and you won’t be adequately prepared for a career in trichology. Look at a program’s syllabus to see how thorough the program actually is.\\nWhile trichologists are not doctors, they are expected to be certified. However, there are no regulations surrounding the certification process. This means that there are a lot of poor programs out there.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Apply for the program online and pay the tuition to begin.\", \"描述\": \"Once you find a certification program that suits you, apply online. Fill out an application and enter your personal information. Pay the tuition to begin your online studies and start your classwork.\\nTrichology programs typically cost $500–3,000 per year.\\nBecause trichology is not a particularly popular occupation, there are very few in-person classes. Almost every trichology certification is earned online.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Earning Your Certification\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Attend your online lectures to learn as much as possible.\", \"描述\": \"Don’t skip class and do your best to focus during lectures. Take notes and review them before each class to keep material fresh in your mind. Read the required textbooks as they’re assigned to ensure that you learn everything you need to know about trichology.\\nThe classes and lectures will cover glands, hair anatomy, types of hair loss, and herbal supplements. There is a lot of material to learn, so stay focused in class to ensure that you don’t miss important information.\\nTrichology programs are typically pretty intimate. Participate as much as possible to build good relationships with your teachers. You may need their letters of recommendation in the future.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Submit your essays, homework, and projects to earn passing marks.\", \"描述\": \"Over the course of the program, you’ll be assigned essays, research projects, and short response quizzes. Submit all of your coursework as it is assigned to ensure that you stay on track to graduate on time.\\nPossible essay topics include research papers on hair anatomy, clinical tools, or the history of hair restoration.\\nYou may need to create projects to demonstrate your understanding of complex topics. For example, you may be required to create a presentation on diagnosing alopecia or perform a mock consultation with a client.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pass the final exam to earn your certification.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve submitted all of your coursework, you’ll need to take a final exam to pass the course. The contents of your final exam will differ based on your specific program and type of degree. These exams are usually 100-200 questions and will test your ability to diagnose hair loss, identify dangerous symptoms, and explain key concepts in the field. Once you take the exam, wait to receive your certification in the mail or online.\\nSome programs offer additional study guides and test prep in addition to the classes that you’ve taken. Sign up for the test prep class or buy a study guide to ensure that you understand the format of the exam.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Working as a Trichologist\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Join a professional organization to network and improve your craft.\", \"描述\": \"Search online to find a professional trichology organization in your country. Pay the membership fee and present your credentials to join the organization. This way, you can meet other people in your field, access ground-breaking research, and add another credential to your resume.\\nThe most popular and authoritative organization is the Association of Registered Trichologists. You can visit their website at https://theart.org.uk/.\\nAnother popular choice is the World Trichology Society. Visit them online at http://worldtrichologysociety.org/.\\nThe cost of joining a trichology organization are typically $100-300 a year.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Help clients disguise and prevent hair loss as a cosmetologist.\", \"描述\": \"As a trichologist working as a hair stylist, work with clients that have unique conditions that result in hair loss, sensitive scalp skin, or thinning hair. Create haircuts that highlight your client’s positive features and suggest products that will keep their hair looking thick and beautiful.\\nLook for positions at a salon online. You can also rent out a chair at a salon with a vacant seat to build your own client base if you’d like.\\nAcquire clients by advertising your services on your salon’s website and through word of mouth.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Restore and revitalize hair by working at a hair restoration clinic.\", \"描述\": \"As a non-medical trichologist working at a hair restoration clinic, there are a variety of positions available to you. You can work in the front office where you’ll prepare patients and sell products. You can also work as an assistant to the doctor, where you’ll consult patients and perform simple diagnostic tests. Reach out to hair restoration clinics in your area to find out more about the available positions.\\nThere are very few clinics that operate purely as trichology clinics, but you may have a few in your area if you live in a larger city.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Diagnose symptoms and prescribe treatments as a dermatologist.\", \"描述\": \"As a medical dermatologist with a specialty in trichology, you will meet with patients, examine scalps, order tests, prescribe treatments, and perform hair transplants. Some dermatologists operate out of a hospital while others have offices at a hair treatment clinic. Work at a restoration clinic if you want to exclusively focus on giving your clients a full head of hair. Work at a hospital if you want to diagnose patients and focus on the medical side of hair loss.\\nAfter residency, search online and contact hospitals to find institutions looking for dermatologists that specialize in hair loss. You’ll have very few competitors in your field of specialty, so don’t get discouraged if you don’t find openings immediately.\\nIf you have a specialty in hair restoration surgery, get some experience working as a surgeon at a hospital or hair restoration clinic. After a few years, you’ll have the experience needed to start your own business!\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,838 |
How to Become a Truck Dispatcher
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1. Education and Experience
1-1. Graduate from high school or obtain a GED.
This job doesn't necessarily require higher education, but you do need at least a high school diploma. You likely won't be considered at all if you don't have a high school diploma or its equivalent.
1-2. Enroll in a truck dispatcher course.
While you don't need higher education, taking a short course in truck dispatching could give you an edge in the field, though it's optional. You can find courses online to take or look up a course in your area. There are schools specifically for training truck dispatchers.
1-3. Work on a degree in logistics and transportation.
While you don't need a degree for this job, it can help to have an associate's or bachelor's degree in logistics and transportation. Some companies may even require it. Check for schools in your area that offer this degree, or work on an online degree.
1-4. Gain experience in the shipping or transportation industry.
Often, experience is not necessary for this position, but it certainly doesn't hurt. If you gain experience, you'll be able to learn the state and federal laws that determine load limits and safety regulations. Working in another position in the shipping and trucking industry can help you gain beneficial experience.
1-5. Develop customer service skills.
A large part of being a truck dispatcher is dealing with customers and their needs. That means you need to develop your customer service skills so that you can assist your customers effectively. You can develop customer service skills in a variety of ways.
For instance, working retail or even a call center job can help you develop these skills.
Work on empathy by spending time with people who are different from you. Have conversations where you learn about them and what makes their lives unique.
You can also try taking an acting class, as that makes you put yourself in other people's shoes.
1-6. Work on your communication skills.
Communication skills are absolutely essential in this job, as you'll be talking and writing to both customers and drivers throughout the day. You have to be able to say things so that the listener understands what you're saying on the first try if possible.
When communicating, put the most important information first. List the rest of the information in chronological order if appropriate. Also, be concise and to the point; avoid adding extraneous details.
The best way to improve your skills is to put these tactics to use in your daily life. Also, make sure you listen carefully when talking to people, and respond to what they're saying instead of just continuing on with what you were saying.
2. Job Opportunities
2-1. Move to a state that pays more for this position.
If you're looking to make as much as you can in this position, consider moving to an area that pays more. As of 2016, the areas that paid the highest salaries for truck dispatchers were North Dakota, Illinois, Washington, Alaska, and New York. You can check the statistics for the current year on the website for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.
2-2. Pick a state that hires more dispatchers to help you find a job.
Another option is moving to an area that hires the largest number of dispatchers. As of 2016, the states with the highest employment in this position per 1,000 jobs were North Dakota, Alaska, Louisiana, Nevada, and Texas.
2-3. Work as truck dispatcher for 1 company.
If you want to be a truck dispatcher, you can simply look for a job with a single company. You would apply to that company, and then you would coordinate loads with trucks owned by only that company.
2-4. Work from home if you don't want to move.
In some cases, you can do this job from the comfort of your own home. Many companies hire remote dispatchers. All you'll need is basic office equipment, such as a computer, a printer, and 2 computer monitors. Usually, you are just hired on by a single company, and you move loads with trucks from that company.
2-5. Think about being a freight broker to work for yourself.
Another option is moving loads for more than 1 company, in which case you're a property broker/freight broker. For this option, you must register with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Association and get an active US Department of Transportation number. You can also work under the license of another registered freight broker.
Once you're registered, you can set up a company and advertise your brokering services.
2-6. Search for jobs.
You can use major job searching sites, such as Monster, Indeed, and Yahoo!. You can also search for jobs on the websites of major trucking companies and shipping companies. Use words like "truck dispatcher," "shipping dispatcher," and "freight dispatcher" to help find positions.
2-7. Customize your resume for these positions.
The main traits a hiring manager is looking for are customer service skills, management skills, and calmness in stressful situations. Phone-routing experience is also very helpful. If you have any of these skills, try highlighting them on your resume.
Also, tailor the application to the job as well, if you're required to fill one out.
2-8. Show your skills in the interview.
Try to make your points clearly and directly, so you show you can communicate well, for instance. Discuss how other jobs have prepared you well for this job. For instance, if you managed a work scheduling system for other employees at a previous job, that could be something that could transfer to this position, as it requires managing drivers' schedules.
3. Ways to Improve
3-1. Know the software inside and out.
Most companies use computer software to help you match loads with trucks to haul them. To be efficient at your job, you need to learn the software as well as you can. You may need to spend some extra hours outside of work fiddling around with it and reading about it, so that when you're on the job, you know exactly what to do.
3-2. Learn to stay calm.
This job is demanding, and you'll likely be dealing with calls and emails from both your truck drivers and your customers constantly. In other words, you must learn to handle the stress of dealing with people all day, every day in a high-demand job.
Add some deep breathing tricks to your daily routine. If you find yourself getting stressed, take just a moment or 2 to close your eyes. Breathe in deeply to the count of 4. Hold the breath for 4 counts, and then breathe out to the count of 4. Repeat a few times until you feel yourself calming down.
3-3. Build good relationships with your drivers.
Your drivers are on the road delivering products while you're coordinating their efforts. It will help things run better if you get to know them and work hard to make things go as smoothly as possible for your drivers. When your drivers are happy, they'll be more willing to go the extra mile when needed. Plus, happy employees are more likely to stick around, and your boss will appreciate you keeping turnover low.
Make sure you know all your driver's names to start. Also, when your drivers make a request or have a need, do your best to fulfill it or fix the issue to help keep them happy.
3-4. Work on using positive language.
When working with customers and drivers, certain language will cause the listener to get angry or upset, such as "I don't know," "We can't," or a plain "No." The key is to use phrasing that comes across better to the customer or driver. Rephrase it into positive language to leave the person feeling better about the interaction.
For instance, instead of saying, "I don't know," you can say, "I need to check with the technician to find that information for you."
Instead of "No, you can't do that," you could try, "That may not be the best option, but here's something you can try instead."
3-5. Listen carefully to what your drivers and customers are saying.
When you're working with people, they may not always communicate in the most direct way. That means you need to pay attention to what they're saying underneath their words, which will help you address their needs.
For instance, maybe you keep hearing drivers say things like "There never seems to be a plan when it comes to routes," or "Why is there another change?" They are essentially saying that they want a better planned schedule, but they're not coming out and saying it directly.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:59",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Education and Experience\\n1-1. Graduate from high school or obtain a GED.\\nThis job doesn't necessarily require higher education, but you do need at least a high school diploma. You likely won't be considered at all if you don't have a high school diploma or its equivalent.\\n1-2. Enroll in a truck dispatcher course.\\nWhile you don't need higher education, taking a short course in truck dispatching could give you an edge in the field, though it's optional. You can find courses online to take or look up a course in your area. There are schools specifically for training truck dispatchers.\\n1-3. Work on a degree in logistics and transportation.\\nWhile you don't need a degree for this job, it can help to have an associate's or bachelor's degree in logistics and transportation. Some companies may even require it. Check for schools in your area that offer this degree, or work on an online degree.\\n1-4. Gain experience in the shipping or transportation industry.\\nOften, experience is not necessary for this position, but it certainly doesn't hurt. If you gain experience, you'll be able to learn the state and federal laws that determine load limits and safety regulations. Working in another position in the shipping and trucking industry can help you gain beneficial experience.\\n1-5. Develop customer service skills.\\nA large part of being a truck dispatcher is dealing with customers and their needs. That means you need to develop your customer service skills so that you can assist your customers effectively. You can develop customer service skills in a variety of ways.\\nFor instance, working retail or even a call center job can help you develop these skills.\\nWork on empathy by spending time with people who are different from you. Have conversations where you learn about them and what makes their lives unique.\\nYou can also try taking an acting class, as that makes you put yourself in other people's shoes.\\n1-6. Work on your communication skills.\\nCommunication skills are absolutely essential in this job, as you'll be talking and writing to both customers and drivers throughout the day. You have to be able to say things so that the listener understands what you're saying on the first try if possible.\\nWhen communicating, put the most important information first. List the rest of the information in chronological order if appropriate. Also, be concise and to the point; avoid adding extraneous details.\\nThe best way to improve your skills is to put these tactics to use in your daily life. Also, make sure you listen carefully when talking to people, and respond to what they're saying instead of just continuing on with what you were saying.\\n2. Job Opportunities\\n2-1. Move to a state that pays more for this position.\\nIf you're looking to make as much as you can in this position, consider moving to an area that pays more. As of 2016, the areas that paid the highest salaries for truck dispatchers were North Dakota, Illinois, Washington, Alaska, and New York. You can check the statistics for the current year on the website for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.\\n2-2. Pick a state that hires more dispatchers to help you find a job.\\nAnother option is moving to an area that hires the largest number of dispatchers. As of 2016, the states with the highest employment in this position per 1,000 jobs were North Dakota, Alaska, Louisiana, Nevada, and Texas.\\n2-3. Work as truck dispatcher for 1 company.\\nIf you want to be a truck dispatcher, you can simply look for a job with a single company. You would apply to that company, and then you would coordinate loads with trucks owned by only that company.\\n2-4. Work from home if you don't want to move.\\nIn some cases, you can do this job from the comfort of your own home. Many companies hire remote dispatchers. All you'll need is basic office equipment, such as a computer, a printer, and 2 computer monitors. Usually, you are just hired on by a single company, and you move loads with trucks from that company.\\n2-5. Think about being a freight broker to work for yourself.\\nAnother option is moving loads for more than 1 company, in which case you're a property broker/freight broker. For this option, you must register with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Association and get an active US Department of Transportation number. You can also work under the license of another registered freight broker.\\nOnce you're registered, you can set up a company and advertise your brokering services.\\n2-6. Search for jobs.\\nYou can use major job searching sites, such as Monster, Indeed, and Yahoo!. You can also search for jobs on the websites of major trucking companies and shipping companies. Use words like \\\"truck dispatcher,\\\" \\\"shipping dispatcher,\\\" and \\\"freight dispatcher\\\" to help find positions.\\n2-7. Customize your resume for these positions.\\nThe main traits a hiring manager is looking for are customer service skills, management skills, and calmness in stressful situations. Phone-routing experience is also very helpful. If you have any of these skills, try highlighting them on your resume.\\nAlso, tailor the application to the job as well, if you're required to fill one out.\\n2-8. Show your skills in the interview.\\nTry to make your points clearly and directly, so you show you can communicate well, for instance. Discuss how other jobs have prepared you well for this job. For instance, if you managed a work scheduling system for other employees at a previous job, that could be something that could transfer to this position, as it requires managing drivers' schedules.\\n3. Ways to Improve\\n3-1. Know the software inside and out.\\nMost companies use computer software to help you match loads with trucks to haul them. To be efficient at your job, you need to learn the software as well as you can. You may need to spend some extra hours outside of work fiddling around with it and reading about it, so that when you're on the job, you know exactly what to do.\\n3-2. Learn to stay calm.\\nThis job is demanding, and you'll likely be dealing with calls and emails from both your truck drivers and your customers constantly. In other words, you must learn to handle the stress of dealing with people all day, every day in a high-demand job.\\nAdd some deep breathing tricks to your daily routine. If you find yourself getting stressed, take just a moment or 2 to close your eyes. Breathe in deeply to the count of 4. Hold the breath for 4 counts, and then breathe out to the count of 4. Repeat a few times until you feel yourself calming down.\\n3-3. Build good relationships with your drivers.\\nYour drivers are on the road delivering products while you're coordinating their efforts. It will help things run better if you get to know them and work hard to make things go as smoothly as possible for your drivers. When your drivers are happy, they'll be more willing to go the extra mile when needed. Plus, happy employees are more likely to stick around, and your boss will appreciate you keeping turnover low.\\nMake sure you know all your driver's names to start. Also, when your drivers make a request or have a need, do your best to fulfill it or fix the issue to help keep them happy.\\n3-4. Work on using positive language.\\nWhen working with customers and drivers, certain language will cause the listener to get angry or upset, such as \\\"I don't know,\\\" \\\"We can't,\\\" or a plain \\\"No.\\\" The key is to use phrasing that comes across better to the customer or driver. Rephrase it into positive language to leave the person feeling better about the interaction.\\nFor instance, instead of saying, \\\"I don't know,\\\" you can say, \\\"I need to check with the technician to find that information for you.\\\"\\nInstead of \\\"No, you can't do that,\\\" you could try, \\\"That may not be the best option, but here's something you can try instead.\\\"\\n3-5. Listen carefully to what your drivers and customers are saying.\\nWhen you're working with people, they may not always communicate in the most direct way. That means you need to pay attention to what they're saying underneath their words, which will help you address their needs.\\nFor instance, maybe you keep hearing drivers say things like \\\"There never seems to be a plan when it comes to routes,\\\" or \\\"Why is there another change?\\\" They are essentially saying that they want a better planned schedule, but they're not coming out and saying it directly.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you're looking for a fast-paced desk job with little down time, then being a truck dispatcher may be just the position for you. As a truck dispatcher, it would be your job to match truck drivers with loads that need to be picked up and delivered to a client. You'll need strong customer service skills, as you'll be dealing with both the drivers and the clients on a daily basis. To find a position, you may decide you want to move to a better location, but in some cases, you can even work this position from home. Once you're hired, do all you can to become a top truck dispatcher so you have the potential to move up in the company.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Education and Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Graduate from high school or obtain a GED.\", \"描述\": \"This job doesn't necessarily require higher education, but you do need at least a high school diploma. You likely won't be considered at all if you don't have a high school diploma or its equivalent.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Enroll in a truck dispatcher course.\", \"描述\": \"While you don't need higher education, taking a short course in truck dispatching could give you an edge in the field, though it's optional. You can find courses online to take or look up a course in your area. There are schools specifically for training truck dispatchers.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work on a degree in logistics and transportation.\", \"描述\": \"While you don't need a degree for this job, it can help to have an associate's or bachelor's degree in logistics and transportation. Some companies may even require it. Check for schools in your area that offer this degree, or work on an online degree.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Gain experience in the shipping or transportation industry.\", \"描述\": \"Often, experience is not necessary for this position, but it certainly doesn't hurt. If you gain experience, you'll be able to learn the state and federal laws that determine load limits and safety regulations. Working in another position in the shipping and trucking industry can help you gain beneficial experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Develop customer service skills.\", \"描述\": \"A large part of being a truck dispatcher is dealing with customers and their needs. That means you need to develop your customer service skills so that you can assist your customers effectively. You can develop customer service skills in a variety of ways.\\nFor instance, working retail or even a call center job can help you develop these skills.\\nWork on empathy by spending time with people who are different from you. Have conversations where you learn about them and what makes their lives unique.\\nYou can also try taking an acting class, as that makes you put yourself in other people's shoes.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Work on your communication skills.\", \"描述\": \"Communication skills are absolutely essential in this job, as you'll be talking and writing to both customers and drivers throughout the day. You have to be able to say things so that the listener understands what you're saying on the first try if possible.\\nWhen communicating, put the most important information first. List the rest of the information in chronological order if appropriate. Also, be concise and to the point; avoid adding extraneous details.\\nThe best way to improve your skills is to put these tactics to use in your daily life. Also, make sure you listen carefully when talking to people, and respond to what they're saying instead of just continuing on with what you were saying.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Job Opportunities\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Move to a state that pays more for this position.\", \"描述\": \"If you're looking to make as much as you can in this position, consider moving to an area that pays more. As of 2016, the areas that paid the highest salaries for truck dispatchers were North Dakota, Illinois, Washington, Alaska, and New York. You can check the statistics for the current year on the website for the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pick a state that hires more dispatchers to help you find a job.\", \"描述\": \"Another option is moving to an area that hires the largest number of dispatchers. As of 2016, the states with the highest employment in this position per 1,000 jobs were North Dakota, Alaska, Louisiana, Nevada, and Texas.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work as truck dispatcher for 1 company.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to be a truck dispatcher, you can simply look for a job with a single company. You would apply to that company, and then you would coordinate loads with trucks owned by only that company.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Work from home if you don't want to move.\", \"描述\": \"In some cases, you can do this job from the comfort of your own home. Many companies hire remote dispatchers. All you'll need is basic office equipment, such as a computer, a printer, and 2 computer monitors. Usually, you are just hired on by a single company, and you move loads with trucks from that company.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Think about being a freight broker to work for yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Another option is moving loads for more than 1 company, in which case you're a property broker/freight broker. For this option, you must register with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Association and get an active US Department of Transportation number. You can also work under the license of another registered freight broker.\\nOnce you're registered, you can set up a company and advertise your brokering services.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Search for jobs.\", \"描述\": \"You can use major job searching sites, such as Monster, Indeed, and Yahoo!. You can also search for jobs on the websites of major trucking companies and shipping companies. Use words like \\\"truck dispatcher,\\\" \\\"shipping dispatcher,\\\" and \\\"freight dispatcher\\\" to help find positions.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Customize your resume for these positions.\", \"描述\": \"The main traits a hiring manager is looking for are customer service skills, management skills, and calmness in stressful situations. Phone-routing experience is also very helpful. If you have any of these skills, try highlighting them on your resume.\\nAlso, tailor the application to the job as well, if you're required to fill one out.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Show your skills in the interview.\", \"描述\": \"Try to make your points clearly and directly, so you show you can communicate well, for instance. Discuss how other jobs have prepared you well for this job. For instance, if you managed a work scheduling system for other employees at a previous job, that could be something that could transfer to this position, as it requires managing drivers' schedules.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ways to Improve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know the software inside and out.\", \"描述\": \"Most companies use computer software to help you match loads with trucks to haul them. To be efficient at your job, you need to learn the software as well as you can. You may need to spend some extra hours outside of work fiddling around with it and reading about it, so that when you're on the job, you know exactly what to do.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn to stay calm.\", \"描述\": \"This job is demanding, and you'll likely be dealing with calls and emails from both your truck drivers and your customers constantly. In other words, you must learn to handle the stress of dealing with people all day, every day in a high-demand job.\\nAdd some deep breathing tricks to your daily routine. If you find yourself getting stressed, take just a moment or 2 to close your eyes. Breathe in deeply to the count of 4. Hold the breath for 4 counts, and then breathe out to the count of 4. Repeat a few times until you feel yourself calming down.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Build good relationships with your drivers.\", \"描述\": \"Your drivers are on the road delivering products while you're coordinating their efforts. It will help things run better if you get to know them and work hard to make things go as smoothly as possible for your drivers. When your drivers are happy, they'll be more willing to go the extra mile when needed. Plus, happy employees are more likely to stick around, and your boss will appreciate you keeping turnover low.\\nMake sure you know all your driver's names to start. Also, when your drivers make a request or have a need, do your best to fulfill it or fix the issue to help keep them happy.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Work on using positive language.\", \"描述\": \"When working with customers and drivers, certain language will cause the listener to get angry or upset, such as \\\"I don't know,\\\" \\\"We can't,\\\" or a plain \\\"No.\\\" The key is to use phrasing that comes across better to the customer or driver. Rephrase it into positive language to leave the person feeling better about the interaction.\\nFor instance, instead of saying, \\\"I don't know,\\\" you can say, \\\"I need to check with the technician to find that information for you.\\\"\\nInstead of \\\"No, you can't do that,\\\" you could try, \\\"That may not be the best option, but here's something you can try instead.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Listen carefully to what your drivers and customers are saying.\", \"描述\": \"When you're working with people, they may not always communicate in the most direct way. That means you need to pay attention to what they're saying underneath their words, which will help you address their needs.\\nFor instance, maybe you keep hearing drivers say things like \\\"There never seems to be a plan when it comes to routes,\\\" or \\\"Why is there another change?\\\" They are essentially saying that they want a better planned schedule, but they're not coming out and saying it directly.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,839 |
How to Become a Trustworthy Person
|
1. Being a positive force
1-1. Be of good character.
Have more than good intentions in life. While it's nice to mean well, it's far better to show people that you're a person who is reliable, tries their best at all times and thinks clearly. Meaning well can end in all sorts of problems, including excusing oneself for failure to follow through. On the other hand, good character lets other people know that you have traits they can always rely upon.
Actions prove far more than words. Good character is forged in good, caring and thoughtful actions.
1-2. Be reliable and keep your word.
When you say that you will do something for someone, then do it. People rely on a promise and seeing it through is the hallmark of a trustworthy person. Hand things in on time. Be where you say you'll be punctually. Arrive when you say you will. Depart when you said you would.
Don't break your promise. If you have problems keeping it, talk to the person about the circumstances but with a view to fulfilling what you can of the promise. Don't simply fail to do it or slink away if it's not doable.
1-3. Be honest.
Be honest in everything you do. Honesty is the keystone to people knowing where they stand with you. Honesty includes having good manners though; when being frank, at least be polite. Sometimes it is necessary to sugarcoat the truth so that its bitter pill is swallowed with greater ease.
Some honesty can be hard but is still essential. For example: Your least favorite coworker has spinach stuck in his teeth after a work function. Do you tell him? Of course you do. He deserves to know that. Your arch enemy has her skirt tucked into her knickers after visiting the bathroom. Do you tell her? Of course you do. She deserves to know that. You may have qualms because you initially think it's funny, payback or just desserts but realize that by being honest here, you gain respect from people who would otherwise be thorns in your side. They owe you one and know you are someone solid. Even in hard situations always tell the truth.
1-4. Be compassionate, kind and considerate.
These traits feed into trustworthiness because they let people know that you give people the time of day and that you're willing to give second chances. Compassion must be felt from within and learned through experience by standing in other people's shoes, seeing things from their perspective. Practice looking at things from the other person's perspective until it feels second nature. When you are able to think of the other person first, because you're already internally strong and well self-nurtured, then you'll be viewed as trustworthy.
1-5. Keep confidences and secrets.
People tell you things in confidence because they trust you. That is a bond to never be broken. You must guard these confidences closely unless and until the person who bestowed you with that confidence says that you can do otherwise.
1-6. Make good friends.
Avoid befriending the gossiping types other than to say hello to them as you pass by. Instead, find people of good character, who are also aiming to be trustworthy, caring and strong, just like you. Support each other and help each other to continue growing as good human beings throughout life.
Quality over quantity applies to friendships as much as anything else in life. While being friendly to all is a great trait, having quality friends who are close to you will often mean the group is much smaller.
2. Ridding yourself of negative behaviors
2-1. Don't deceive people, don't lie.
There will be times when deception and lying seem like the right way out of something. Yet, the truth will eventually come out and it is better to take control of bad actions, bad news and bad happenings before your deception or untruthful statements unravel. Be the better and bigger person and tell the truth and avoid the temptation to cover things up.
The truth always comes out, one way or another. Remind yourself of this.
Mark Twain once said: "If you tell the truth you don't have to remember anything". This makes for a simpler, happier and more fulfilling life.
2-2. Avoid gossip, rumor mongering or innuendo.
None of these things read trustworthy. They're the total opposite. Avoid getting involved in gossip, avoid starting rumors and don't succumb to making insidious suggestions about people. Speak plainly, rely on facts and point out the reality to others when they lack the facts but mouth off anyway.
Move away from the gossip clan. Gossiping clans make sure you take turns to dish out garbage about those not in the gossip clan. Once it's your turn, you'd probably hurt someone's feelings while you tell them everything. Remember that the truth will always find a way out, so don't even start with the nasties.
If all else fails, just think about how that person you are talking about would feel and just tell your friends you've got nothing.
2-3. Apologize when it is needed.
Tell people you may have hurt that you're sorry for making a mistake, for getting them wrong or for being totally out of order. You may like to explain the reason you did something, but that depends on the situation. Sometimes it's just best to say sorry and to own your mistake. Then, do your best to make it up to the other person. Tell them that you are doing your level best to be a better, more trustworthy person now and that you don't follow any of the old ways that involved hurting people.
2-4. Maintain the long-term relationship in place of the short-term gain.
Cheating on, lying to or sneaking around someone you care about because you're focused on an initial current thrill will end in pain. If things aren't going well in any relationship, communication is key, not subterfuge and cheating. Talk openly to try to find solutions to the blockages in your relationship. Clarity and a willingness to solve problems are the signs of a trustworthy person.
3. Staying trustworthy
3-1. Realize that being trustworthy is a journey, not an endpoint.
It takes time to change bad habits, a poor attitude and bad ways of reacting to others. Earning trust takes time too, especially if you have been a difficult human being in the past. Yet, it will happen, especially as you continue to prove through your actions that you are reliable, honest and of good character.
3-2. Remind yourself at all times that being trustworthy is a valuable asset to your life and to the lives of the people you care about.
When people you care about know they can rely on your word and that you are honorable and honest, you will be given important tasks, you will become the keeper of great confidences and you will be respected. These are worthwhile outcomes to aim for.
3-3. Be strong.
It is important to remember that life isn't a popularity contest. Sometimes people won't appreciate your honesty, your strength against unkindness and your unwillingness to gossip or spread rumors. That's just a fact you must live with, understanding that all people have to come to their own realizations about holding better values in life.
3-4. Believe in yourself and validate the good in you, at all times.
You do best in life when you begin from strong foundations. Trust yourself and love yourself so that you can relay that inner trust and love to others, trusting and loving them with strength and goodwill. Grow yourself, then you can grow others. Knowing that you do not need others to save you or shape you will aid you in being trustworthy because you don't need to stroke their egos just to feel good. It will also help you when you are occasionally betrayed by someone you trusted (it happens) because you've the capacity, will and resilience to carry on regardless. All courage and strength to you.
Tips
Become trustworthy around everyone, not just your nearest and dearest. Being trusted is even more of a compliment than being loved.
Loyalty to those not present proves your loyalty to those who are present.
Hanging out with good role model friends inspires you to be a good human.
Warnings
Trust takes years to build but mere seconds to destroy. Always think carefully before acting in haste.
Half truths are whole lies. Omissions are often lies too.
Don't let your friends tell you who you want to be. Such friends will get you back to gossiping in no time. Quietly tell them off and move on. And realize that in some cases, if friends fall behind, your role model behavior will cause them to catch up.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:59",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Being a positive force\\n1-1. Be of good character.\\nHave more than good intentions in life. While it's nice to mean well, it's far better to show people that you're a person who is reliable, tries their best at all times and thinks clearly. Meaning well can end in all sorts of problems, including excusing oneself for failure to follow through. On the other hand, good character lets other people know that you have traits they can always rely upon.\\nActions prove far more than words. Good character is forged in good, caring and thoughtful actions.\\n1-2. Be reliable and keep your word.\\nWhen you say that you will do something for someone, then do it. People rely on a promise and seeing it through is the hallmark of a trustworthy person. Hand things in on time. Be where you say you'll be punctually. Arrive when you say you will. Depart when you said you would.\\nDon't break your promise. If you have problems keeping it, talk to the person about the circumstances but with a view to fulfilling what you can of the promise. Don't simply fail to do it or slink away if it's not doable.\\n1-3. Be honest.\\nBe honest in everything you do. Honesty is the keystone to people knowing where they stand with you. Honesty includes having good manners though; when being frank, at least be polite. Sometimes it is necessary to sugarcoat the truth so that its bitter pill is swallowed with greater ease.\\nSome honesty can be hard but is still essential. For example: Your least favorite coworker has spinach stuck in his teeth after a work function. Do you tell him? Of course you do. He deserves to know that. Your arch enemy has her skirt tucked into her knickers after visiting the bathroom. Do you tell her? Of course you do. She deserves to know that. You may have qualms because you initially think it's funny, payback or just desserts but realize that by being honest here, you gain respect from people who would otherwise be thorns in your side. They owe you one and know you are someone solid. Even in hard situations always tell the truth.\\n1-4. Be compassionate, kind and considerate.\\nThese traits feed into trustworthiness because they let people know that you give people the time of day and that you're willing to give second chances. Compassion must be felt from within and learned through experience by standing in other people's shoes, seeing things from their perspective. Practice looking at things from the other person's perspective until it feels second nature. When you are able to think of the other person first, because you're already internally strong and well self-nurtured, then you'll be viewed as trustworthy.\\n1-5. Keep confidences and secrets.\\nPeople tell you things in confidence because they trust you. That is a bond to never be broken. You must guard these confidences closely unless and until the person who bestowed you with that confidence says that you can do otherwise.\\n1-6. Make good friends.\\nAvoid befriending the gossiping types other than to say hello to them as you pass by. Instead, find people of good character, who are also aiming to be trustworthy, caring and strong, just like you. Support each other and help each other to continue growing as good human beings throughout life.\\nQuality over quantity applies to friendships as much as anything else in life. While being friendly to all is a great trait, having quality friends who are close to you will often mean the group is much smaller.\\n2. Ridding yourself of negative behaviors\\n2-1. Don't deceive people, don't lie.\\nThere will be times when deception and lying seem like the right way out of something. Yet, the truth will eventually come out and it is better to take control of bad actions, bad news and bad happenings before your deception or untruthful statements unravel. Be the better and bigger person and tell the truth and avoid the temptation to cover things up.\\nThe truth always comes out, one way or another. Remind yourself of this.\\nMark Twain once said: \\\"If you tell the truth you don't have to remember anything\\\". This makes for a simpler, happier and more fulfilling life.\\n2-2. Avoid gossip, rumor mongering or innuendo.\\nNone of these things read trustworthy. They're the total opposite. Avoid getting involved in gossip, avoid starting rumors and don't succumb to making insidious suggestions about people. Speak plainly, rely on facts and point out the reality to others when they lack the facts but mouth off anyway.\\nMove away from the gossip clan. Gossiping clans make sure you take turns to dish out garbage about those not in the gossip clan. Once it's your turn, you'd probably hurt someone's feelings while you tell them everything. Remember that the truth will always find a way out, so don't even start with the nasties.\\nIf all else fails, just think about how that person you are talking about would feel and just tell your friends you've got nothing.\\n2-3. Apologize when it is needed.\\nTell people you may have hurt that you're sorry for making a mistake, for getting them wrong or for being totally out of order. You may like to explain the reason you did something, but that depends on the situation. Sometimes it's just best to say sorry and to own your mistake. Then, do your best to make it up to the other person. Tell them that you are doing your level best to be a better, more trustworthy person now and that you don't follow any of the old ways that involved hurting people.\\n2-4. Maintain the long-term relationship in place of the short-term gain.\\nCheating on, lying to or sneaking around someone you care about because you're focused on an initial current thrill will end in pain. If things aren't going well in any relationship, communication is key, not subterfuge and cheating. Talk openly to try to find solutions to the blockages in your relationship. Clarity and a willingness to solve problems are the signs of a trustworthy person.\\n3. Staying trustworthy\\n3-1. Realize that being trustworthy is a journey, not an endpoint.\\nIt takes time to change bad habits, a poor attitude and bad ways of reacting to others. Earning trust takes time too, especially if you have been a difficult human being in the past. Yet, it will happen, especially as you continue to prove through your actions that you are reliable, honest and of good character.\\n3-2. Remind yourself at all times that being trustworthy is a valuable asset to your life and to the lives of the people you care about.\\nWhen people you care about know they can rely on your word and that you are honorable and honest, you will be given important tasks, you will become the keeper of great confidences and you will be respected. These are worthwhile outcomes to aim for.\\n3-3. Be strong.\\nIt is important to remember that life isn't a popularity contest. Sometimes people won't appreciate your honesty, your strength against unkindness and your unwillingness to gossip or spread rumors. That's just a fact you must live with, understanding that all people have to come to their own realizations about holding better values in life.\\n3-4. Believe in yourself and validate the good in you, at all times.\\nYou do best in life when you begin from strong foundations. Trust yourself and love yourself so that you can relay that inner trust and love to others, trusting and loving them with strength and goodwill. Grow yourself, then you can grow others. Knowing that you do not need others to save you or shape you will aid you in being trustworthy because you don't need to stroke their egos just to feel good. It will also help you when you are occasionally betrayed by someone you trusted (it happens) because you've the capacity, will and resilience to carry on regardless. All courage and strength to you.\\nTips\\nBecome trustworthy around everyone, not just your nearest and dearest. Being trusted is even more of a compliment than being loved.\\nLoyalty to those not present proves your loyalty to those who are present.\\nHanging out with good role model friends inspires you to be a good human.\\nWarnings\\nTrust takes years to build but mere seconds to destroy. Always think carefully before acting in haste.\\nHalf truths are whole lies. Omissions are often lies too.\\nDon't let your friends tell you who you want to be. Such friends will get you back to gossiping in no time. Quietly tell them off and move on. And realize that in some cases, if friends fall behind, your role model behavior will cause them to catch up.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Being trustworthy is admirable and desirable. It's a trait other people look for in a person and it's confirmation that you're reliable, supportive and honest. If you'd like to become more trustworthy and have others come to rely on you, there are some great ways to go about doing this.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Being a positive force\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be of good character.\", \"描述\": \"Have more than good intentions in life. While it's nice to mean well, it's far better to show people that you're a person who is reliable, tries their best at all times and thinks clearly. Meaning well can end in all sorts of problems, including excusing oneself for failure to follow through. On the other hand, good character lets other people know that you have traits they can always rely upon.\\nActions prove far more than words. Good character is forged in good, caring and thoughtful actions.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be reliable and keep your word.\", \"描述\": \"When you say that you will do something for someone, then do it. People rely on a promise and seeing it through is the hallmark of a trustworthy person. Hand things in on time. Be where you say you'll be punctually. Arrive when you say you will. Depart when you said you would.\\nDon't break your promise. If you have problems keeping it, talk to the person about the circumstances but with a view to fulfilling what you can of the promise. Don't simply fail to do it or slink away if it's not doable.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be honest.\", \"描述\": \"Be honest in everything you do. Honesty is the keystone to people knowing where they stand with you. Honesty includes having good manners though; when being frank, at least be polite. Sometimes it is necessary to sugarcoat the truth so that its bitter pill is swallowed with greater ease.\\nSome honesty can be hard but is still essential. For example: Your least favorite coworker has spinach stuck in his teeth after a work function. Do you tell him? Of course you do. He deserves to know that. Your arch enemy has her skirt tucked into her knickers after visiting the bathroom. Do you tell her? Of course you do. She deserves to know that. You may have qualms because you initially think it's funny, payback or just desserts but realize that by being honest here, you gain respect from people who would otherwise be thorns in your side. They owe you one and know you are someone solid. Even in hard situations always tell the truth.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be compassionate, kind and considerate.\", \"描述\": \"These traits feed into trustworthiness because they let people know that you give people the time of day and that you're willing to give second chances. Compassion must be felt from within and learned through experience by standing in other people's shoes, seeing things from their perspective. Practice looking at things from the other person's perspective until it feels second nature. When you are able to think of the other person first, because you're already internally strong and well self-nurtured, then you'll be viewed as trustworthy.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Keep confidences and secrets.\", \"描述\": \"People tell you things in confidence because they trust you. That is a bond to never be broken. You must guard these confidences closely unless and until the person who bestowed you with that confidence says that you can do otherwise.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Make good friends.\", \"描述\": \"Avoid befriending the gossiping types other than to say hello to them as you pass by. Instead, find people of good character, who are also aiming to be trustworthy, caring and strong, just like you. Support each other and help each other to continue growing as good human beings throughout life.\\nQuality over quantity applies to friendships as much as anything else in life. While being friendly to all is a great trait, having quality friends who are close to you will often mean the group is much smaller.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ridding yourself of negative behaviors\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don't deceive people, don't lie.\", \"描述\": \"There will be times when deception and lying seem like the right way out of something. Yet, the truth will eventually come out and it is better to take control of bad actions, bad news and bad happenings before your deception or untruthful statements unravel. Be the better and bigger person and tell the truth and avoid the temptation to cover things up.\\nThe truth always comes out, one way or another. Remind yourself of this.\\nMark Twain once said: \\\"If you tell the truth you don't have to remember anything\\\". This makes for a simpler, happier and more fulfilling life.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid gossip, rumor mongering or innuendo.\", \"描述\": \"None of these things read trustworthy. They're the total opposite. Avoid getting involved in gossip, avoid starting rumors and don't succumb to making insidious suggestions about people. Speak plainly, rely on facts and point out the reality to others when they lack the facts but mouth off anyway.\\nMove away from the gossip clan. Gossiping clans make sure you take turns to dish out garbage about those not in the gossip clan. Once it's your turn, you'd probably hurt someone's feelings while you tell them everything. Remember that the truth will always find a way out, so don't even start with the nasties.\\nIf all else fails, just think about how that person you are talking about would feel and just tell your friends you've got nothing.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Apologize when it is needed.\", \"描述\": \"Tell people you may have hurt that you're sorry for making a mistake, for getting them wrong or for being totally out of order. You may like to explain the reason you did something, but that depends on the situation. Sometimes it's just best to say sorry and to own your mistake. Then, do your best to make it up to the other person. Tell them that you are doing your level best to be a better, more trustworthy person now and that you don't follow any of the old ways that involved hurting people.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Maintain the long-term relationship in place of the short-term gain.\", \"描述\": \"Cheating on, lying to or sneaking around someone you care about because you're focused on an initial current thrill will end in pain. If things aren't going well in any relationship, communication is key, not subterfuge and cheating. Talk openly to try to find solutions to the blockages in your relationship. Clarity and a willingness to solve problems are the signs of a trustworthy person.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Staying trustworthy\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Realize that being trustworthy is a journey, not an endpoint.\", \"描述\": \"It takes time to change bad habits, a poor attitude and bad ways of reacting to others. Earning trust takes time too, especially if you have been a difficult human being in the past. Yet, it will happen, especially as you continue to prove through your actions that you are reliable, honest and of good character.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Remind yourself at all times that being trustworthy is a valuable asset to your life and to the lives of the people you care about.\", \"描述\": \"When people you care about know they can rely on your word and that you are honorable and honest, you will be given important tasks, you will become the keeper of great confidences and you will be respected. These are worthwhile outcomes to aim for.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be strong.\", \"描述\": \"It is important to remember that life isn't a popularity contest. Sometimes people won't appreciate your honesty, your strength against unkindness and your unwillingness to gossip or spread rumors. That's just a fact you must live with, understanding that all people have to come to their own realizations about holding better values in life.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Believe in yourself and validate the good in you, at all times.\", \"描述\": \"You do best in life when you begin from strong foundations. Trust yourself and love yourself so that you can relay that inner trust and love to others, trusting and loving them with strength and goodwill. Grow yourself, then you can grow others. Knowing that you do not need others to save you or shape you will aid you in being trustworthy because you don't need to stroke their egos just to feel good. It will also help you when you are occasionally betrayed by someone you trusted (it happens) because you've the capacity, will and resilience to carry on regardless. All courage and strength to you.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Become trustworthy around everyone, not just your nearest and dearest. Being trusted is even more of a compliment than being loved.\\n\", \"Loyalty to those not present proves your loyalty to those who are present.\\n\", \"Hanging out with good role model friends inspires you to be a good human.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Trust takes years to build but mere seconds to destroy. Always think carefully before acting in haste.\\n\", \"Half truths are whole lies. Omissions are often lies too.\\n\", \"Don't let your friends tell you who you want to be. Such friends will get you back to gossiping in no time. Quietly tell them off and move on. And realize that in some cases, if friends fall behind, your role model behavior will cause them to catch up.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,840 |
How to Become a Tumblr Girl
|
1. Getting the Tumblr Girl Look
1-1. Develop your style.
Try to create a unique style for yourself—don't just copy what other Tumblr girls wear. You will only build a following if people think you have something new and special to offer in the way of style inspiration. So try to just be yourself!
1-2. Don't worry about brands.
You don't have to avoid the big fashion house names, but a Tumblr girls' style is all about seeming eclectic and not accessible, not spending the most money.
1-3. Be eclectic.
Tumblr girls are known for the way they mix and match stuff, sometimes opposite and purposefully clashing ways. Don't be afraid to follow trends from other styles-- from hip-hop to hipster, retro to runway.
1-4. Add in some fun accessories to change up the look of your outfit and make it cuter.
1-5. Shop boutiques and thrift stores.
Try to wear clothes and accessories that aren't in every girl's closet. Thrift-shopping can help you find some amazing and unique things —and usually pretty cheap. Most Tumblr girls have a unique or retro touch to their look for this reason. Small boutiques can also offer designs that will set you apart from the usual mall styles.
1-6. Follow trends early—or make your own.
Tumblr girls are always on top of every trend in fashion. Keep an eye on what other popular profiles are wearing and try to add in some fresh elements into your own looks—without looking like a copycat. Once in a while, try something weird and daring. Something that other Tumblr girls haven't done. If you have enough followers, it might just catch on.
1-7. Let your style go from casual to formal, from the beach to the snow.
Don't just show off your summer party dresses, Tumblr girls have great looks for every occasion and every season. Learn how to look stylish and unique even in big winter coats or a simple bikini. And dress with the seasons! Know what's in style for the season.
1-8. Start with some Tumblr girl staples.
Tumblr girls are each unique and fresh, but there are some that tend to be popular. Start with these to put yourself in the Tumblr girl crowd, and then branch out with your own unique touches. Some items in the Tumblr girl look include:
Highwaisted shorts or pants
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Oversized tank tops
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Plaid shirts
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Sleeveless button-downs
Shirts with fringe
Crop tops
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Adidas, Toms, or Converse shoes
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Thick rimmed glasses
1-9. Get the makeup right
Every girl is different, but Tumblr girls usually look like they are wearing very little makeup—nude lips, especially. This makes it like like they are normal, casual, relaxed people just having fun, and confident in themselves and how they look.
The exception is the eyes. Tumblr girls tend to have very prominent eyes, which means eyeliner and plenty of mascara—sometimes fake eyelashes, but not noticeably fake. Make sure that your eye makeup is prominent, but not super crazy, because then you will look like you have dead eyes.
Don't be afraid to change it up. Once you develop a natural makeup look, you can make a photo pop with bright lipstick.
1-10. Find a fun and unique hair style.
There is no one hair style that all Tumblr girls have. They can be blonde, brunette or redhead. Their hair can be very short or very long. It does have to look styled, however.
Change your hair frequently. One of the secrets to keeping your look fresh and cute to a big audience on Tumblr is to change your hair style a lot. Do something new every few months, either changing the color, letting it grow out, cutting it short, or buzzing it on the side. Changing your hair will make your old outfits seem new.
If you have long hair, style it in different ways. The messy bun is a Tumblr CLASSIC, as are hair bows. Try curling it, wearing it to the side, or just braiding it.
If you do prefer to keep a single hairstyle without changing it, let it change and refine over time. Don't keep the same hair.
1-11. Change your setting.
Once you've got your own look, your work isn't done. Tumblr girls ALWAYS seem to take their pictures in beautiful, photogenic places. Make sure your room is decorated in a fun and fresh way that goes with your style and personality. Find photogenic places outside around your neighborhood or town that you can go to take your photos. Natural lighting is very important to a lot of Tumblr girl photography, so make sure the outside places you go compliment your style as well.
2. Becoming Tumblr Famous
2-1. Get a good camera and equipment
Successful Tumblr girls do a little more than just camera-phone selfies. Buy a decent DSLR camera and a tripod and learn how to use them well.
Consider investing in some professional camera lighting. If you are going to be taking some of your photos inside, having better lighting can make all the difference.
2-2. Take cool photographs.
This is the essence of being a Tumblr girl. Your photos need to be cute and flawless, but at the same time look like you have a semi-normal and accessible life.
Use natural light. Go outside or find a sunny room in your house to take your photos. You can take some inside shots too, but don't ever use light that is going to blow out your complexion unless you can correct it in Photoshop.
Find unique settings. It isn't just the outfits that make them so popular: Tumblr girls always seem to be out and about in interesting places. Check out the most photogenic places in town, from parks to old buildings, from graffiti-covered train tracks to your friend's pool. Even just a wooden fence or a brick wall can make a photo pop.
Try different poses. Don't just stand there: mix it up with smiles, grins, glares, dance moves, gang signs, and so on.
Bring in other characters. If you have friends who want to get in on the Tumblr style action, let them join you in some of your photos. Involve your pets, too. Nothing says "Tumblr" like a cute girl in a cute dress with a cute dog.
2-3. Edit your pictures with Photoshop
There's no getting around it: the proper application of Photoshop, or occasionally some other photo-editing software, will improve your photos and let you touch up your own skin and features to achieve that flawless Tumblr girl look. Tumblr girls never seem to have red-eye in their photos, do they? That's because they use Photoshop. Just be careful: when used poorly it will be painfully obvious that your pictures are Photoshopped.
Try different filters to make your photos look more scenic. Filters have become very popular recently with the explosion of services like Instagram. Play around with retro looks, especially for outside shots. Just don't go overboard! The filters can't make up for mediocre style or photography.
2-4. Create a Tumblr
You have your style, and some great photos. It's time to show the world! Go to Tumblr.com and start a new account. Then work to make your page unique and expressive of your persona.
Give it a memorable and catchy name, or just use your own name if it is easy enough to remember.
Chose a theme. Find one that matches your style, if you can, but picking something fairly minimal will let your content take center-stage. Choose one that showcases photos, not text, such as one of the three-columned themes that lets you scroll infinitely without having to click on to a new page.
Customize your theme. Add a logo and change up the colors or fonts if you like.
Add music. Some people will find this annoying, but it can really set the a tone for your photos, especially if you pick a song that most people don't know.
2-5. Follow other users and interact with them.
The best way to get followers on Tumblr is to be active and engaging with other people. Find other users whose style or photos you like and follow them, re-blog their pictures, favorite their posts, and ask them questions. You'll be surprised how many followers you'll get without having to promote your blog off Tumblr at all.
2-6. Promote your Tumblr on other social media networks
Twitter, Facebook and Instagram are all good places to post your content. Build followings on these networks to drive new people to your blog.
Tips
Tumblr girls are known for their mastery of using lots of accessories. Don't be afraid to cover your fingers in vintage rings or other jewelry—especially if you are just going to be taking a photo instead of wearing the look to school or out with friends.
Being a Tumblr girl is about creativity and dedication to your style—it doesn't have to be expensive. Shop sales, thrift shops and discount stores to expand your wardrobe on the cheap.
Take photos before you join tumblr, because once you do you may find it difficult to get enough sleep.
Warnings
Stay appropriate! Any inappropriate pictures could be reported, and you could get in big trouble both with Tumblr and with your family.
Don't use too much eyeliner for your photo ops.
Not everyone on Tumblr knows what a "Tumblr Girl" is, so don't get upset if you don't get a lot of attention.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:59",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting the Tumblr Girl Look\\n1-1. Develop your style.\\nTry to create a unique style for yourself—don't just copy what other Tumblr girls wear. You will only build a following if people think you have something new and special to offer in the way of style inspiration. So try to just be yourself!\\n1-2. Don't worry about brands.\\nYou don't have to avoid the big fashion house names, but a Tumblr girls' style is all about seeming eclectic and not accessible, not spending the most money.\\n1-3. Be eclectic.\\nTumblr girls are known for the way they mix and match stuff, sometimes opposite and purposefully clashing ways. Don't be afraid to follow trends from other styles-- from hip-hop to hipster, retro to runway.\\n1-4. Add in some fun accessories to change up the look of your outfit and make it cuter.\\n\\n1-5. Shop boutiques and thrift stores.\\nTry to wear clothes and accessories that aren't in every girl's closet. Thrift-shopping can help you find some amazing and unique things —and usually pretty cheap. Most Tumblr girls have a unique or retro touch to their look for this reason. Small boutiques can also offer designs that will set you apart from the usual mall styles.\\n1-6. Follow trends early—or make your own.\\nTumblr girls are always on top of every trend in fashion. Keep an eye on what other popular profiles are wearing and try to add in some fresh elements into your own looks—without looking like a copycat. Once in a while, try something weird and daring. Something that other Tumblr girls haven't done. If you have enough followers, it might just catch on.\\n1-7. Let your style go from casual to formal, from the beach to the snow.\\nDon't just show off your summer party dresses, Tumblr girls have great looks for every occasion and every season. Learn how to look stylish and unique even in big winter coats or a simple bikini. And dress with the seasons! Know what's in style for the season.\\n1-8. Start with some Tumblr girl staples.\\nTumblr girls are each unique and fresh, but there are some that tend to be popular. Start with these to put yourself in the Tumblr girl crowd, and then branch out with your own unique touches. Some items in the Tumblr girl look include:\\nHighwaisted shorts or pants\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/7\\\\/71\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet1.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/7\\\\/71\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet1.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nOversized tank tops\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/2\\\\/22\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet2.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/2\\\\/22\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet2.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nPlaid shirts\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/f\\\\/fe\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet3.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet3.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/f\\\\/fe\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet3.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet3.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nSleeveless button-downs\\nShirts with fringe\\nCrop tops\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/b\\\\/b4\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet6.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet6.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/b\\\\/b4\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet6.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet6.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nAdidas, Toms, or Converse shoes\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/4\\\\/4d\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet7.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet7.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/4\\\\/4d\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet7.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet7.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nThick rimmed glasses\\n1-9. Get the makeup right\\nEvery girl is different, but Tumblr girls usually look like they are wearing very little makeup—nude lips, especially. This makes it like like they are normal, casual, relaxed people just having fun, and confident in themselves and how they look.\\nThe exception is the eyes. Tumblr girls tend to have very prominent eyes, which means eyeliner and plenty of mascara—sometimes fake eyelashes, but not noticeably fake. Make sure that your eye makeup is prominent, but not super crazy, because then you will look like you have dead eyes.\\nDon't be afraid to change it up. Once you develop a natural makeup look, you can make a photo pop with bright lipstick.\\n1-10. Find a fun and unique hair style.\\nThere is no one hair style that all Tumblr girls have. They can be blonde, brunette or redhead. Their hair can be very short or very long. It does have to look styled, however.\\nChange your hair frequently. One of the secrets to keeping your look fresh and cute to a big audience on Tumblr is to change your hair style a lot. Do something new every few months, either changing the color, letting it grow out, cutting it short, or buzzing it on the side. Changing your hair will make your old outfits seem new.\\nIf you have long hair, style it in different ways. The messy bun is a Tumblr CLASSIC, as are hair bows. Try curling it, wearing it to the side, or just braiding it.\\nIf you do prefer to keep a single hairstyle without changing it, let it change and refine over time. Don't keep the same hair.\\n1-11. Change your setting.\\nOnce you've got your own look, your work isn't done. Tumblr girls ALWAYS seem to take their pictures in beautiful, photogenic places. Make sure your room is decorated in a fun and fresh way that goes with your style and personality. Find photogenic places outside around your neighborhood or town that you can go to take your photos. Natural lighting is very important to a lot of Tumblr girl photography, so make sure the outside places you go compliment your style as well.\\n2. Becoming Tumblr Famous\\n2-1. Get a good camera and equipment\\nSuccessful Tumblr girls do a little more than just camera-phone selfies. Buy a decent DSLR camera and a tripod and learn how to use them well.\\nConsider investing in some professional camera lighting. If you are going to be taking some of your photos inside, having better lighting can make all the difference.\\n2-2. Take cool photographs.\\nThis is the essence of being a Tumblr girl. Your photos need to be cute and flawless, but at the same time look like you have a semi-normal and accessible life.\\nUse natural light. Go outside or find a sunny room in your house to take your photos. You can take some inside shots too, but don't ever use light that is going to blow out your complexion unless you can correct it in Photoshop.\\nFind unique settings. It isn't just the outfits that make them so popular: Tumblr girls always seem to be out and about in interesting places. Check out the most photogenic places in town, from parks to old buildings, from graffiti-covered train tracks to your friend's pool. Even just a wooden fence or a brick wall can make a photo pop.\\nTry different poses. Don't just stand there: mix it up with smiles, grins, glares, dance moves, gang signs, and so on.\\nBring in other characters. If you have friends who want to get in on the Tumblr style action, let them join you in some of your photos. Involve your pets, too. Nothing says \\\"Tumblr\\\" like a cute girl in a cute dress with a cute dog.\\n2-3. Edit your pictures with Photoshop\\nThere's no getting around it: the proper application of Photoshop, or occasionally some other photo-editing software, will improve your photos and let you touch up your own skin and features to achieve that flawless Tumblr girl look. Tumblr girls never seem to have red-eye in their photos, do they? That's because they use Photoshop. Just be careful: when used poorly it will be painfully obvious that your pictures are Photoshopped.\\nTry different filters to make your photos look more scenic. Filters have become very popular recently with the explosion of services like Instagram. Play around with retro looks, especially for outside shots. Just don't go overboard! The filters can't make up for mediocre style or photography.\\n2-4. Create a Tumblr\\nYou have your style, and some great photos. It's time to show the world! Go to Tumblr.com and start a new account. Then work to make your page unique and expressive of your persona.\\nGive it a memorable and catchy name, or just use your own name if it is easy enough to remember.\\nChose a theme. Find one that matches your style, if you can, but picking something fairly minimal will let your content take center-stage. Choose one that showcases photos, not text, such as one of the three-columned themes that lets you scroll infinitely without having to click on to a new page.\\nCustomize your theme. Add a logo and change up the colors or fonts if you like.\\nAdd music. Some people will find this annoying, but it can really set the a tone for your photos, especially if you pick a song that most people don't know.\\n2-5. Follow other users and interact with them.\\nThe best way to get followers on Tumblr is to be active and engaging with other people. Find other users whose style or photos you like and follow them, re-blog their pictures, favorite their posts, and ask them questions. You'll be surprised how many followers you'll get without having to promote your blog off Tumblr at all.\\n2-6. Promote your Tumblr on other social media networks\\nTwitter, Facebook and Instagram are all good places to post your content. Build followings on these networks to drive new people to your blog.\\nTips\\nTumblr girls are known for their mastery of using lots of accessories. Don't be afraid to cover your fingers in vintage rings or other jewelry—especially if you are just going to be taking a photo instead of wearing the look to school or out with friends.\\nBeing a Tumblr girl is about creativity and dedication to your style—it doesn't have to be expensive. Shop sales, thrift shops and discount stores to expand your wardrobe on the cheap.\\nTake photos before you join tumblr, because once you do you may find it difficult to get enough sleep.\\nWarnings\\nStay appropriate! Any inappropriate pictures could be reported, and you could get in big trouble both with Tumblr and with your family.\\nDon't use too much eyeliner for your photo ops.\\nNot everyone on Tumblr knows what a \\\"Tumblr Girl\\\" is, so don't get upset if you don't get a lot of attention.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"For many teenagers, social media icons are found not on TV or glossy magazine pages, but with Tumblr Girls. These girls share their style, good looks, and fun lifestyle through great pictures. Some of them have gained hundreds of thousands of followers! \\\"Tumblr girls\\\" always seem to have cool style, great hair, flawless skin, amazing eyes, awesome smiles and perfect makeup. These tips will show you how to go from style zero to Tumblr hero.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting the Tumblr Girl Look\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Develop your style.\", \"描述\": \"Try to create a unique style for yourself—don't just copy what other Tumblr girls wear. You will only build a following if people think you have something new and special to offer in the way of style inspiration. So try to just be yourself!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don't worry about brands.\", \"描述\": \"You don't have to avoid the big fashion house names, but a Tumblr girls' style is all about seeming eclectic and not accessible, not spending the most money.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be eclectic.\", \"描述\": \"Tumblr girls are known for the way they mix and match stuff, sometimes opposite and purposefully clashing ways. Don't be afraid to follow trends from other styles-- from hip-hop to hipster, retro to runway.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Add in some fun accessories to change up the look of your outfit and make it cuter.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Shop boutiques and thrift stores.\", \"描述\": \"Try to wear clothes and accessories that aren't in every girl's closet. Thrift-shopping can help you find some amazing and unique things —and usually pretty cheap. Most Tumblr girls have a unique or retro touch to their look for this reason. Small boutiques can also offer designs that will set you apart from the usual mall styles.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Follow trends early—or make your own.\", \"描述\": \"Tumblr girls are always on top of every trend in fashion. Keep an eye on what other popular profiles are wearing and try to add in some fresh elements into your own looks—without looking like a copycat. Once in a while, try something weird and daring. Something that other Tumblr girls haven't done. If you have enough followers, it might just catch on.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Let your style go from casual to formal, from the beach to the snow.\", \"描述\": \"Don't just show off your summer party dresses, Tumblr girls have great looks for every occasion and every season. Learn how to look stylish and unique even in big winter coats or a simple bikini. And dress with the seasons! Know what's in style for the season.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Start with some Tumblr girl staples.\", \"描述\": \"Tumblr girls are each unique and fresh, but there are some that tend to be popular. Start with these to put yourself in the Tumblr girl crowd, and then branch out with your own unique touches. Some items in the Tumblr girl look include:\\nHighwaisted shorts or pants\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/7\\\\/71\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet1.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/7\\\\/71\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet1.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nOversized tank tops\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/2\\\\/22\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet2.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/2\\\\/22\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet2.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nPlaid shirts\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/f\\\\/fe\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet3.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet3.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/f\\\\/fe\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet3.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet3.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nSleeveless button-downs\\nShirts with fringe\\nCrop tops\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/b\\\\/b4\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet6.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet6.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/b\\\\/b4\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet6.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet6.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nAdidas, Toms, or Converse shoes\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/4\\\\/4d\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet7.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet7.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/4\\\\/4d\\\\/Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet7.jpg\\\\/aid1609156-v4-728px-Become-a-Tumblr-Girl-Step-7Bullet7.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nThick rimmed glasses\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Get the makeup right\", \"描述\": \"Every girl is different, but Tumblr girls usually look like they are wearing very little makeup—nude lips, especially. This makes it like like they are normal, casual, relaxed people just having fun, and confident in themselves and how they look.\\nThe exception is the eyes. Tumblr girls tend to have very prominent eyes, which means eyeliner and plenty of mascara—sometimes fake eyelashes, but not noticeably fake. Make sure that your eye makeup is prominent, but not super crazy, because then you will look like you have dead eyes.\\nDon't be afraid to change it up. Once you develop a natural makeup look, you can make a photo pop with bright lipstick.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Find a fun and unique hair style.\", \"描述\": \"There is no one hair style that all Tumblr girls have. They can be blonde, brunette or redhead. Their hair can be very short or very long. It does have to look styled, however.\\nChange your hair frequently. One of the secrets to keeping your look fresh and cute to a big audience on Tumblr is to change your hair style a lot. Do something new every few months, either changing the color, letting it grow out, cutting it short, or buzzing it on the side. Changing your hair will make your old outfits seem new.\\nIf you have long hair, style it in different ways. The messy bun is a Tumblr CLASSIC, as are hair bows. Try curling it, wearing it to the side, or just braiding it.\\nIf you do prefer to keep a single hairstyle without changing it, let it change and refine over time. Don't keep the same hair.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Change your setting.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've got your own look, your work isn't done. Tumblr girls ALWAYS seem to take their pictures in beautiful, photogenic places. Make sure your room is decorated in a fun and fresh way that goes with your style and personality. Find photogenic places outside around your neighborhood or town that you can go to take your photos. Natural lighting is very important to a lot of Tumblr girl photography, so make sure the outside places you go compliment your style as well.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming Tumblr Famous\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a good camera and equipment\", \"描述\": \"Successful Tumblr girls do a little more than just camera-phone selfies. Buy a decent DSLR camera and a tripod and learn how to use them well.\\nConsider investing in some professional camera lighting. If you are going to be taking some of your photos inside, having better lighting can make all the difference.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take cool photographs.\", \"描述\": \"This is the essence of being a Tumblr girl. Your photos need to be cute and flawless, but at the same time look like you have a semi-normal and accessible life.\\nUse natural light. Go outside or find a sunny room in your house to take your photos. You can take some inside shots too, but don't ever use light that is going to blow out your complexion unless you can correct it in Photoshop.\\nFind unique settings. It isn't just the outfits that make them so popular: Tumblr girls always seem to be out and about in interesting places. Check out the most photogenic places in town, from parks to old buildings, from graffiti-covered train tracks to your friend's pool. Even just a wooden fence or a brick wall can make a photo pop.\\nTry different poses. Don't just stand there: mix it up with smiles, grins, glares, dance moves, gang signs, and so on.\\nBring in other characters. If you have friends who want to get in on the Tumblr style action, let them join you in some of your photos. Involve your pets, too. Nothing says \\\"Tumblr\\\" like a cute girl in a cute dress with a cute dog.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Edit your pictures with Photoshop\", \"描述\": \"There's no getting around it: the proper application of Photoshop, or occasionally some other photo-editing software, will improve your photos and let you touch up your own skin and features to achieve that flawless Tumblr girl look. Tumblr girls never seem to have red-eye in their photos, do they? That's because they use Photoshop. Just be careful: when used poorly it will be painfully obvious that your pictures are Photoshopped.\\nTry different filters to make your photos look more scenic. Filters have become very popular recently with the explosion of services like Instagram. Play around with retro looks, especially for outside shots. Just don't go overboard! The filters can't make up for mediocre style or photography.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Create a Tumblr\", \"描述\": \"You have your style, and some great photos. It's time to show the world! Go to Tumblr.com and start a new account. Then work to make your page unique and expressive of your persona.\\nGive it a memorable and catchy name, or just use your own name if it is easy enough to remember.\\nChose a theme. Find one that matches your style, if you can, but picking something fairly minimal will let your content take center-stage. Choose one that showcases photos, not text, such as one of the three-columned themes that lets you scroll infinitely without having to click on to a new page.\\nCustomize your theme. Add a logo and change up the colors or fonts if you like.\\nAdd music. Some people will find this annoying, but it can really set the a tone for your photos, especially if you pick a song that most people don't know.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Follow other users and interact with them.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to get followers on Tumblr is to be active and engaging with other people. Find other users whose style or photos you like and follow them, re-blog their pictures, favorite their posts, and ask them questions. You'll be surprised how many followers you'll get without having to promote your blog off Tumblr at all.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Promote your Tumblr on other social media networks\", \"描述\": \"Twitter, Facebook and Instagram are all good places to post your content. Build followings on these networks to drive new people to your blog.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Tumblr girls are known for their mastery of using lots of accessories. Don't be afraid to cover your fingers in vintage rings or other jewelry—especially if you are just going to be taking a photo instead of wearing the look to school or out with friends.\\n\", \"Being a Tumblr girl is about creativity and dedication to your style—it doesn't have to be expensive. Shop sales, thrift shops and discount stores to expand your wardrobe on the cheap.\\n\", \"Take photos before you join tumblr, because once you do you may find it difficult to get enough sleep.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Stay appropriate! Any inappropriate pictures could be reported, and you could get in big trouble both with Tumblr and with your family.\\n\", \"Don't use too much eyeliner for your photo ops.\\n\", \"Not everyone on Tumblr knows what a \\\"Tumblr Girl\\\" is, so don't get upset if you don't get a lot of attention.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,841 |
How to Become a Tupperware Sales Consultant
|
1. Contacting a Consultant to Join
1-1. Find a local consultant on the Tupperware website to be your manager.
You’ll need to work under a current Tupperware consultant, who will act as your manager. If you don’t know any consultants, find 1 using the search feature on the Tupperware website. This will connect you with consultants in your area.
Most Tupperware consultants have their own personal website or blog. Browse the websites of local consultants until you find someone whose values and goals seem to match up with yours.
1-2. Ask a consultant you already know to be your manager if possible.
You might already know someone who sells Tupperware. If you do, they can help you join under them. Talk to them about becoming a Tupperware consultant and ask them to help you join.
Current consultants will be happy to help you join. As your manager, they’ll earn a percentage of your sales. This gives them an incentive to help you get your consultant career started.
1-3. Meet with your consultant to begin your career with Tupperware.
Call or email the consultant you want to work with. Schedule a meeting with them to get set up as a Tupperware consultant. Expect them to tell you more about being a consultant. Bring a list of questions that you have so you can ask them during the meeting.
If you’re having trouble meeting in person, you might decide to communicate via phone or email. However, it’s best to work with someone who will take the time to meet with you. This shows you that they’ll be more likely to offer you support if you need it.
1-4. Purchase your Tupperware starter pack.
Talk to the consultant who will be your manager about the kits that are available. Alternatively, visit the Tupperware website to look at the starter kits. Read the details carefully to see what the kit includes. Then, pick the kit that best fits your needs.
Each starter kit will contain an informative consultant manual, a pack of order forms, party hostess forms, catalogs, and a variety of Tupperware products.
As of October 2019, a basic starter kit costs $70, but you can purchase a larger kit for $125.
1-5. Host a start up party to begin your career as a consultant.
Pick a location for your party, such as your home or a friend’s home. Then, invite all of your friends and relatives to the party. Supply refreshments so that guests will have a good time, which will encourage them to buy. At your party, show your guests the products you’re selling and explain why they’re a good purchase.
Ask guests to RSVP a few days before the event so you know how many people to expect.
Your party might get more guests if you have a theme. For instance, do a holiday theme, like Valentine’s Day or Thanksgiving.
Don’t just focus on sales. Play games with your guests so they’re having a great time. This will make them feel more comfortable buying from you. Additionally, it may encourage them to come to your future parties.
2. Building Your Tupperware Career
2-1. Host 2 Tupperware parties a month to help you meet your sales goals.
Tupperware expects its consultants to host 2 parties a month. Host parties in your home once or twice a month. Additionally, ask a friend or relative to host a party in their home. Encourage the people you invite to bring people with them so you have more potential customers.
To get people to host parties, offer them a hostess gift or promotional rate. For instance, you might allow them to purchase products at your discount if they host a party in their home.
If you’re a member of a club or religious organization, ask if you can host a party there.
It’s unlikely that the people you know will attend all of your parties.
2-2. Set up a blog or website if you want to sell Tupperware online.
Selling Tupperware online might help you expand your customer base and increase your sales. Use a free hosting site to create a blog or website that promotes your products. Include information about yourself, photos of products, and brief explanations of how the products work.
If you host a blog, write articles about how your customers might use your Tupperware products. You may also attract visitors using articles about recipes or holiday party ideas.
For instance, you can use Wordpress, Weebly, or Wix to create a free website.
2-3. Promote yourself as a Tupperware consultant.
Your success depends on how well your market yourself and the Tupperware products you’re selling. Advertise that you’re selling Tupperware products so that people know you’re a consultant. Here are some ways to promote yourself:
Post to social media.
Hang up flyers at coffee shops, your local library, your community center, local schools, and your religious institution, if you have one.
Hand out business cards with your contact information.
Maintain a blog or website.
2-4. Make sure you sell at least $250 in Tupperware for each 4-month period.
Tupperware requires consultants to sell at least $250 in products for every 4-month period. If you miss your sales goals, your account will be deactivated. Keep track of your sales to make sure that you’re meeting your goals.
If you don’t sell at least $250 in Tupperware in a 4-month period, your consultant account will be deactivated. This means you’ll no longer be able to sell products, so you’ll have lost your initial investments.
3. Making Money as a Consultant
3-1. Calculate your commissions as 25% of your sales up to $1,500 monthly.
You can calculate your commissions by multiplying the commissions rate by the base for a specific time period. For instance, you can expect to make 25% of your sales on regular-priced items for your first $1,500 in sales each month. Multiply your total sales by .25 to find out how much you’ve made. Keep track of your earnings so you don’t accidentally spend more on your business than you made.
For instance, let’s say you sell $500 in products in your first month. You’d multiply $500 x .25 = $125. This means you made $125.
3-2. Recruit consultants to work under you to increase your earnings.
Most high earners have people working under them. When you recruit a consultant, you receive up to 6-8% of their sales as a bonus. Invite people you know who are interested in Tupperware or earning extra money to work underneath you as a consultant.
Once you recruit consultants to work under you, you’ll be their manager. This allows you to progress your career and earn more money.
Generally, Tupperware encourages its consultants to recruit 1-2 new consultants each week to grow their network.
3-3. Do trainings to help you improve your marketing and sales skills.
Look for online tutorials that will help you learn how to grow your business. Additionally, ask your managing consultant for tips on how to grow your business. If you want to invest more in your business, take marketing or business classes to improve your skills.
Free tutorials are available online, such as through Youtube.
You might take a course at a community college or through an online college.
Look for free courses on business or marketing through sites like https://www.edx.org/.
Tips
Hold off on purchasing your Tupperware sales consultant starter kit until you are ready to begin selling products. Most starter kits will contain seasonal products, which you may have difficulty selling later on if you postpone your decision to sell. For example, don't purchase your starter kit during the Christmas season if you plan to start selling product the following spring.
Recruit other sales consultants to sell Tupperware to increase your earning potential. In most cases, you can increase your total commission when you become a Tupperware manager that oversees the sales of other Tupperware sales consultants you have recruited.
Warnings
You’ll need to sell a lot of products to make an income. It’s possible to lose money if you aren’t meeting your sales goals.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:59",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Contacting a Consultant to Join\\n1-1. Find a local consultant on the Tupperware website to be your manager.\\nYou’ll need to work under a current Tupperware consultant, who will act as your manager. If you don’t know any consultants, find 1 using the search feature on the Tupperware website. This will connect you with consultants in your area.\\nMost Tupperware consultants have their own personal website or blog. Browse the websites of local consultants until you find someone whose values and goals seem to match up with yours.\\n1-2. Ask a consultant you already know to be your manager if possible.\\nYou might already know someone who sells Tupperware. If you do, they can help you join under them. Talk to them about becoming a Tupperware consultant and ask them to help you join.\\nCurrent consultants will be happy to help you join. As your manager, they’ll earn a percentage of your sales. This gives them an incentive to help you get your consultant career started.\\n1-3. Meet with your consultant to begin your career with Tupperware.\\nCall or email the consultant you want to work with. Schedule a meeting with them to get set up as a Tupperware consultant. Expect them to tell you more about being a consultant. Bring a list of questions that you have so you can ask them during the meeting.\\nIf you’re having trouble meeting in person, you might decide to communicate via phone or email. However, it’s best to work with someone who will take the time to meet with you. This shows you that they’ll be more likely to offer you support if you need it.\\n1-4. Purchase your Tupperware starter pack.\\nTalk to the consultant who will be your manager about the kits that are available. Alternatively, visit the Tupperware website to look at the starter kits. Read the details carefully to see what the kit includes. Then, pick the kit that best fits your needs.\\nEach starter kit will contain an informative consultant manual, a pack of order forms, party hostess forms, catalogs, and a variety of Tupperware products.\\nAs of October 2019, a basic starter kit costs $70, but you can purchase a larger kit for $125.\\n1-5. Host a start up party to begin your career as a consultant.\\nPick a location for your party, such as your home or a friend’s home. Then, invite all of your friends and relatives to the party. Supply refreshments so that guests will have a good time, which will encourage them to buy. At your party, show your guests the products you’re selling and explain why they’re a good purchase.\\nAsk guests to RSVP a few days before the event so you know how many people to expect.\\nYour party might get more guests if you have a theme. For instance, do a holiday theme, like Valentine’s Day or Thanksgiving.\\nDon’t just focus on sales. Play games with your guests so they’re having a great time. This will make them feel more comfortable buying from you. Additionally, it may encourage them to come to your future parties.\\n2. Building Your Tupperware Career\\n2-1. Host 2 Tupperware parties a month to help you meet your sales goals.\\nTupperware expects its consultants to host 2 parties a month. Host parties in your home once or twice a month. Additionally, ask a friend or relative to host a party in their home. Encourage the people you invite to bring people with them so you have more potential customers.\\nTo get people to host parties, offer them a hostess gift or promotional rate. For instance, you might allow them to purchase products at your discount if they host a party in their home.\\nIf you’re a member of a club or religious organization, ask if you can host a party there.\\nIt’s unlikely that the people you know will attend all of your parties.\\n2-2. Set up a blog or website if you want to sell Tupperware online.\\nSelling Tupperware online might help you expand your customer base and increase your sales. Use a free hosting site to create a blog or website that promotes your products. Include information about yourself, photos of products, and brief explanations of how the products work.\\nIf you host a blog, write articles about how your customers might use your Tupperware products. You may also attract visitors using articles about recipes or holiday party ideas.\\nFor instance, you can use Wordpress, Weebly, or Wix to create a free website.\\n2-3. Promote yourself as a Tupperware consultant.\\nYour success depends on how well your market yourself and the Tupperware products you’re selling. Advertise that you’re selling Tupperware products so that people know you’re a consultant. Here are some ways to promote yourself:\\nPost to social media.\\nHang up flyers at coffee shops, your local library, your community center, local schools, and your religious institution, if you have one.\\nHand out business cards with your contact information.\\nMaintain a blog or website.\\n2-4. Make sure you sell at least $250 in Tupperware for each 4-month period.\\nTupperware requires consultants to sell at least $250 in products for every 4-month period. If you miss your sales goals, your account will be deactivated. Keep track of your sales to make sure that you’re meeting your goals.\\nIf you don’t sell at least $250 in Tupperware in a 4-month period, your consultant account will be deactivated. This means you’ll no longer be able to sell products, so you’ll have lost your initial investments.\\n3. Making Money as a Consultant\\n3-1. Calculate your commissions as 25% of your sales up to $1,500 monthly.\\nYou can calculate your commissions by multiplying the commissions rate by the base for a specific time period. For instance, you can expect to make 25% of your sales on regular-priced items for your first $1,500 in sales each month. Multiply your total sales by .25 to find out how much you’ve made. Keep track of your earnings so you don’t accidentally spend more on your business than you made.\\nFor instance, let’s say you sell $500 in products in your first month. You’d multiply $500 x .25 = $125. This means you made $125.\\n3-2. Recruit consultants to work under you to increase your earnings.\\nMost high earners have people working under them. When you recruit a consultant, you receive up to 6-8% of their sales as a bonus. Invite people you know who are interested in Tupperware or earning extra money to work underneath you as a consultant.\\nOnce you recruit consultants to work under you, you’ll be their manager. This allows you to progress your career and earn more money.\\nGenerally, Tupperware encourages its consultants to recruit 1-2 new consultants each week to grow their network.\\n3-3. Do trainings to help you improve your marketing and sales skills.\\nLook for online tutorials that will help you learn how to grow your business. Additionally, ask your managing consultant for tips on how to grow your business. If you want to invest more in your business, take marketing or business classes to improve your skills.\\nFree tutorials are available online, such as through Youtube.\\nYou might take a course at a community college or through an online college.\\nLook for free courses on business or marketing through sites like https://www.edx.org/.\\nTips\\nHold off on purchasing your Tupperware sales consultant starter kit until you are ready to begin selling products. Most starter kits will contain seasonal products, which you may have difficulty selling later on if you postpone your decision to sell. For example, don't purchase your starter kit during the Christmas season if you plan to start selling product the following spring.\\nRecruit other sales consultants to sell Tupperware to increase your earning potential. In most cases, you can increase your total commission when you become a Tupperware manager that oversees the sales of other Tupperware sales consultants you have recruited.\\nWarnings\\nYou’ll need to sell a lot of products to make an income. It’s possible to lose money if you aren’t meeting your sales goals.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"You may be interested in selling Tupperware products because they're popular, durable, and have brand recognition. Since Tupperware isn’t sold in stores, the company relies on sales consultants to represent their products. As a Tupperware sales consultant, you’ll earn a percentage of the sales you make. To become a consultant, you’ll need to work with a current consultant to join. Then, host parties, promote the products, and meet your sales minimums.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Contacting a Consultant to Join\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find a local consultant on the Tupperware website to be your manager.\", \"描述\": \"You’ll need to work under a current Tupperware consultant, who will act as your manager. If you don’t know any consultants, find 1 using the search feature on the Tupperware website. This will connect you with consultants in your area.\\nMost Tupperware consultants have their own personal website or blog. Browse the websites of local consultants until you find someone whose values and goals seem to match up with yours.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask a consultant you already know to be your manager if possible.\", \"描述\": \"You might already know someone who sells Tupperware. If you do, they can help you join under them. Talk to them about becoming a Tupperware consultant and ask them to help you join.\\nCurrent consultants will be happy to help you join. As your manager, they’ll earn a percentage of your sales. This gives them an incentive to help you get your consultant career started.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Meet with your consultant to begin your career with Tupperware.\", \"描述\": \"Call or email the consultant you want to work with. Schedule a meeting with them to get set up as a Tupperware consultant. Expect them to tell you more about being a consultant. Bring a list of questions that you have so you can ask them during the meeting.\\nIf you’re having trouble meeting in person, you might decide to communicate via phone or email. However, it’s best to work with someone who will take the time to meet with you. This shows you that they’ll be more likely to offer you support if you need it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Purchase your Tupperware starter pack.\", \"描述\": \"Talk to the consultant who will be your manager about the kits that are available. Alternatively, visit the Tupperware website to look at the starter kits. Read the details carefully to see what the kit includes. Then, pick the kit that best fits your needs.\\nEach starter kit will contain an informative consultant manual, a pack of order forms, party hostess forms, catalogs, and a variety of Tupperware products.\\nAs of October 2019, a basic starter kit costs $70, but you can purchase a larger kit for $125.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Host a start up party to begin your career as a consultant.\", \"描述\": \"Pick a location for your party, such as your home or a friend’s home. Then, invite all of your friends and relatives to the party. Supply refreshments so that guests will have a good time, which will encourage them to buy. At your party, show your guests the products you’re selling and explain why they’re a good purchase.\\nAsk guests to RSVP a few days before the event so you know how many people to expect.\\nYour party might get more guests if you have a theme. For instance, do a holiday theme, like Valentine’s Day or Thanksgiving.\\nDon’t just focus on sales. Play games with your guests so they’re having a great time. This will make them feel more comfortable buying from you. Additionally, it may encourage them to come to your future parties.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Building Your Tupperware Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Host 2 Tupperware parties a month to help you meet your sales goals.\", \"描述\": \"Tupperware expects its consultants to host 2 parties a month. Host parties in your home once or twice a month. Additionally, ask a friend or relative to host a party in their home. Encourage the people you invite to bring people with them so you have more potential customers.\\nTo get people to host parties, offer them a hostess gift or promotional rate. For instance, you might allow them to purchase products at your discount if they host a party in their home.\\nIf you’re a member of a club or religious organization, ask if you can host a party there.\\nIt’s unlikely that the people you know will attend all of your parties.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set up a blog or website if you want to sell Tupperware online.\", \"描述\": \"Selling Tupperware online might help you expand your customer base and increase your sales. Use a free hosting site to create a blog or website that promotes your products. Include information about yourself, photos of products, and brief explanations of how the products work.\\nIf you host a blog, write articles about how your customers might use your Tupperware products. You may also attract visitors using articles about recipes or holiday party ideas.\\nFor instance, you can use Wordpress, Weebly, or Wix to create a free website.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Promote yourself as a Tupperware consultant.\", \"描述\": \"Your success depends on how well your market yourself and the Tupperware products you’re selling. Advertise that you’re selling Tupperware products so that people know you’re a consultant. Here are some ways to promote yourself:\\nPost to social media.\\nHang up flyers at coffee shops, your local library, your community center, local schools, and your religious institution, if you have one.\\nHand out business cards with your contact information.\\nMaintain a blog or website.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make sure you sell at least $250 in Tupperware for each 4-month period.\", \"描述\": \"Tupperware requires consultants to sell at least $250 in products for every 4-month period. If you miss your sales goals, your account will be deactivated. Keep track of your sales to make sure that you’re meeting your goals.\\nIf you don’t sell at least $250 in Tupperware in a 4-month period, your consultant account will be deactivated. This means you’ll no longer be able to sell products, so you’ll have lost your initial investments.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Making Money as a Consultant\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Calculate your commissions as 25% of your sales up to $1,500 monthly.\", \"描述\": \"You can calculate your commissions by multiplying the commissions rate by the base for a specific time period. For instance, you can expect to make 25% of your sales on regular-priced items for your first $1,500 in sales each month. Multiply your total sales by .25 to find out how much you’ve made. Keep track of your earnings so you don’t accidentally spend more on your business than you made.\\nFor instance, let’s say you sell $500 in products in your first month. You’d multiply $500 x .25 = $125. This means you made $125.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Recruit consultants to work under you to increase your earnings.\", \"描述\": \"Most high earners have people working under them. When you recruit a consultant, you receive up to 6-8% of their sales as a bonus. Invite people you know who are interested in Tupperware or earning extra money to work underneath you as a consultant.\\nOnce you recruit consultants to work under you, you’ll be their manager. This allows you to progress your career and earn more money.\\nGenerally, Tupperware encourages its consultants to recruit 1-2 new consultants each week to grow their network.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do trainings to help you improve your marketing and sales skills.\", \"描述\": \"Look for online tutorials that will help you learn how to grow your business. Additionally, ask your managing consultant for tips on how to grow your business. If you want to invest more in your business, take marketing or business classes to improve your skills.\\nFree tutorials are available online, such as through Youtube.\\nYou might take a course at a community college or through an online college.\\nLook for free courses on business or marketing through sites like https://www.edx.org/.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Hold off on purchasing your Tupperware sales consultant starter kit until you are ready to begin selling products. Most starter kits will contain seasonal products, which you may have difficulty selling later on if you postpone your decision to sell. For example, don't purchase your starter kit during the Christmas season if you plan to start selling product the following spring.\\n\", \"Recruit other sales consultants to sell Tupperware to increase your earning potential. In most cases, you can increase your total commission when you become a Tupperware manager that oversees the sales of other Tupperware sales consultants you have recruited.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"You’ll need to sell a lot of products to make an income. It’s possible to lose money if you aren’t meeting your sales goals.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,842 |
How to Become a Tutor
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1. Building Your Knowledge and Skills
1-1. Determine which age or grade level/range you want to tutor.
Think about what age of students you enjoy working with. Perhaps you love teaching young children, or maybe you enjoy assisting young adults with the learning process. Figuring out what age you want to teach is the first step in starting to expand your tutoring business because that will be your target audience.
1-2. Choose the subjects you want to tutor.
Think about in which subjects you feel you have the most skills, qualifications, and comfort level teaching to others. Consider which classes you got the best grades in or a subject related to your major in college if you have trouble deciding on a subject to tutor.
You should have at least some formal education in the subject you intend to tutor – the level depends on what kind of tutoring you do. You may only need a bachelor's degree to tutor in some situations, while others might require a more advanced degree in the field.
1-3. Understand the curriculum.
Make sure you know and understand the subject or exam the student needs help with so you can maximize the effectiveness of the tutoring sessions. This may require reviewing old class notes, doing some refresher research on the Internet, or rereading an old textbook. Make some general topic outlines that you can refer to easily if you need help remembering something during a tutoring session.
For certain classes that require structure for something like a national exam, make sure you are completely comfortable with the required syllabus.
1-4. Solidify your teaching methods.
Create engaging lessons using PowerPoint presentations, fun projects, or interactive activities. Make learning and studies fun by adding educational games, activities, and stories. This will make students focus more and actually enjoy their studies.
Compliment the student on their strengths and help them see their growth.
If a student is struggling, ask them what they can do to find a solution, rather than showing them how to do the problem yourself. This will allow them to learn how to solve diverse problems on their own.
1-5. Listen
A good tutor knows how to listen to their students and respond to their specific needs. This kind of attention to detail will help you retain existing clients. Tailor your lessons to each student – targeting their specific weaknesses and areas that need improvement.
For example, if a student seems to already have a good understanding of part of a topic that you intended to cover, feel free to skim through that topic instead of going as in-depth as you had planned and move on to other parts of the lesson. This way, you can focus on the aspects that the student needs the most help with to maximize the benefit for them.
Make your lessons interesting and interactive for repeat customers. In a good lesson, the students will do much of the work – you will simply guide them through the process.
1-6. Get a tutoring certification if possible.
It helps to attain recognition of your qualifications by being actively involved in the knowledge or discipline you are representing, by degree or other official documentation, or by both. Many non-profit organizations look to fill volunteer tutoring positions (and sometimes will offer tutor training for free or at a low cost) which can help you gain experience as a tutor.
For example, the National Tutoring Association has a program that allow you to become an NTA-certified tutor.
For the NTA certification, you must maintain membership in the organization, complete a certification application, submit proof of previous tutoring experience, complete a background check, and pay the required fees (about $25 USD). Then you'll be a certified tutor once the application has been processed.
2. Choosing a Tutoring Location
2-1. Go to the student's home if they request this.
In many cases, the parents or students may request that you come to their home for tutoring sessions. If they live a reasonable distance from you, this can work well. If they live far away, however, you may want to charge extra for gas money or ask that they meet you at a different location.
2-2. Tutor students in your home if you have the space and privacy.
Sometimes, the parents or students may expect you to provide a location for tutoring. You can invite them to come to your home for convenience and to save yourself the commute. However, you will need to create a designated tutoring area and keep the space tidy. Also, if the student's parents are late to pick them up, you may have to entertain them.
2-3. Work in a public location if you don't want to tutor in your home.
If you aren't comfortable or don't have the space to bring students to your home, you can tutor them in a public location like a library or cafe. However, these locations could be crowded or noisy.
3. Finding Students to Tutor
3-1. Talk to teachers you know.
Contact teachers and school counselors at local schools, especially those that teach the subject you are planning to tutor in. Ask them if they can tell students who currently need help about your services.
It helps to discuss this with former teachers of yours, so that they already know you are a good student and will make a good tutor.
3-2. Advertise in your community.
Try to post advertisements for your tutoring services in places that parents will see them. Consider posting your ads on bulletin boards at local schools, the public library, daycare centers, or even recreational places where kids often hang out.
You can even submit an advertisement to your local newspaper – the print version or the online one.
Make sure that you always get permission from the property owner before posting an advertisement.
3-3. Advertise
There are many ways to advertise your tutoring skills online. You can create your own website – like an online résumé you can refer potential clients to. You can post on social media about your availability as a tutor. Or you can post advertisements on various website platforms to garner more interest in your budding business.
Consider advertising on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, or Bing.
But be careful if you choose to advertise on Craigslist. The website is a great way to connect with local people, but it is notorious for scams. If you find a potential client from Craigslist, make sure that you meet in public for the first few meetings.
3-4. Register for online tutoring directories.
Many parents or students looking for a tutor will do an online search. Registering for online directories, like care.com or wyzant, can direct people looking for a tutor right to you. These sites are usually free, and you need only provide your basic information, education, experience, and skills.
3-5. Ask for referrals.
When you get a tutoring client, ask them to recommend you to their classmates, friends, and family after you've spent a few weeks working together. Word of mouth recommendations are a great way to increase your client list when you first start tutoring.
Speak with your friends, parents, or siblings about your tutoring services, and offer a discount for friends they refer to you.
You might even consider volunteering to tutor for a little while so that your acquaintances can test you out and help you build a reputation.
4. Making Money as a Tutor
4-1. Start working for a tutoring company.
If you are nervous about being able to find your own clients, you may want to consider working at a professional tutoring company at first. There are plenty of online and in-person tutoring companies that will employ tutors and pay them.
This can also be a great way to gain some tutoring experience with a reputable company. This will look good on your résumé if you try to branch out on your own later.
Of course, the company will take part of the profit from your tutoring sessions, so you'll probably make less money per hour going this route.
4-2. Identify the going rate.
In order to be taken seriously and viewed as a professional, you should charge a competitive price for your services. Charging too little or too much will make you seem outside of the competitive pool, and therefore hinder your ability to find work.
Depending on your levels of experience and education, a pretty standard going rate for in-person tutoring is $25 to $85 per hour. If you are a high school student, you'll probably need to charge on the lower end of that spectrum. If you are highly qualified (with a master's degree, for example), you could charge at the upper end of the spectrum, possibly even more.
Ask other tutors you know how much they charge for their services.
Do an online search to gather information about how much other tutors in your area charge.
4-3. Sign up for online payment options.
If you go into business for yourself, you should consider opening an online payment account to make it easy for your clients to pay you in whatever way is most convenient for them. Being able to offer credit card acceptance could make the difference between getting a client or not. There are several options for this, including PayPal and Venmo.
Cash can be such a hassle for parents to remember for every session. If you have a PayPal option, this might make things much easier for the parents. This often translates to repeat customers.
4-4. Insist on payment after each tutoring session.
Be sure that your clients stay up-to-date on their payments. You should get paid for each session at the beginning or end of that session. If a student (or their parents) don't pay you for a session, you should not give them another session until the balance is paid.
It can be all too easy for people to get behind and then it could turn into money you'll never receive for services you already supplied.
You can consider creating payment invoices for each lesson to help the students/parents stay on top of the financial end of your arrangement.
Tips
Aim to keep parents informed about progress. Never inflate students' abilities, but at the same time, encourage them. "His timing is much better now," is better than "He plays like a concert pianist," when that is not true.
Warnings
Avoid any situation that will put your students or you in any danger. Meet in a public place or at the student's house, but only if a parent will also be home.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:59",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Building Your Knowledge and Skills\\n1-1. Determine which age or grade level/range you want to tutor.\\nThink about what age of students you enjoy working with. Perhaps you love teaching young children, or maybe you enjoy assisting young adults with the learning process. Figuring out what age you want to teach is the first step in starting to expand your tutoring business because that will be your target audience.\\n1-2. Choose the subjects you want to tutor.\\nThink about in which subjects you feel you have the most skills, qualifications, and comfort level teaching to others. Consider which classes you got the best grades in or a subject related to your major in college if you have trouble deciding on a subject to tutor.\\nYou should have at least some formal education in the subject you intend to tutor – the level depends on what kind of tutoring you do. You may only need a bachelor's degree to tutor in some situations, while others might require a more advanced degree in the field.\\n1-3. Understand the curriculum.\\nMake sure you know and understand the subject or exam the student needs help with so you can maximize the effectiveness of the tutoring sessions. This may require reviewing old class notes, doing some refresher research on the Internet, or rereading an old textbook. Make some general topic outlines that you can refer to easily if you need help remembering something during a tutoring session.\\nFor certain classes that require structure for something like a national exam, make sure you are completely comfortable with the required syllabus.\\n1-4. Solidify your teaching methods.\\nCreate engaging lessons using PowerPoint presentations, fun projects, or interactive activities. Make learning and studies fun by adding educational games, activities, and stories. This will make students focus more and actually enjoy their studies.\\nCompliment the student on their strengths and help them see their growth.\\nIf a student is struggling, ask them what they can do to find a solution, rather than showing them how to do the problem yourself. This will allow them to learn how to solve diverse problems on their own.\\n1-5. Listen\\nA good tutor knows how to listen to their students and respond to their specific needs. This kind of attention to detail will help you retain existing clients. Tailor your lessons to each student – targeting their specific weaknesses and areas that need improvement.\\nFor example, if a student seems to already have a good understanding of part of a topic that you intended to cover, feel free to skim through that topic instead of going as in-depth as you had planned and move on to other parts of the lesson. This way, you can focus on the aspects that the student needs the most help with to maximize the benefit for them.\\nMake your lessons interesting and interactive for repeat customers. In a good lesson, the students will do much of the work – you will simply guide them through the process.\\n1-6. Get a tutoring certification if possible.\\nIt helps to attain recognition of your qualifications by being actively involved in the knowledge or discipline you are representing, by degree or other official documentation, or by both. Many non-profit organizations look to fill volunteer tutoring positions (and sometimes will offer tutor training for free or at a low cost) which can help you gain experience as a tutor.\\nFor example, the National Tutoring Association has a program that allow you to become an NTA-certified tutor.\\nFor the NTA certification, you must maintain membership in the organization, complete a certification application, submit proof of previous tutoring experience, complete a background check, and pay the required fees (about $25 USD). Then you'll be a certified tutor once the application has been processed.\\n2. Choosing a Tutoring Location\\n2-1. Go to the student's home if they request this.\\nIn many cases, the parents or students may request that you come to their home for tutoring sessions. If they live a reasonable distance from you, this can work well. If they live far away, however, you may want to charge extra for gas money or ask that they meet you at a different location.\\n2-2. Tutor students in your home if you have the space and privacy.\\nSometimes, the parents or students may expect you to provide a location for tutoring. You can invite them to come to your home for convenience and to save yourself the commute. However, you will need to create a designated tutoring area and keep the space tidy. Also, if the student's parents are late to pick them up, you may have to entertain them.\\n2-3. Work in a public location if you don't want to tutor in your home.\\nIf you aren't comfortable or don't have the space to bring students to your home, you can tutor them in a public location like a library or cafe. However, these locations could be crowded or noisy.\\n3. Finding Students to Tutor\\n3-1. Talk to teachers you know.\\nContact teachers and school counselors at local schools, especially those that teach the subject you are planning to tutor in. Ask them if they can tell students who currently need help about your services.\\nIt helps to discuss this with former teachers of yours, so that they already know you are a good student and will make a good tutor.\\n3-2. Advertise in your community.\\nTry to post advertisements for your tutoring services in places that parents will see them. Consider posting your ads on bulletin boards at local schools, the public library, daycare centers, or even recreational places where kids often hang out. \\nYou can even submit an advertisement to your local newspaper – the print version or the online one.\\nMake sure that you always get permission from the property owner before posting an advertisement.\\n3-3. Advertise\\nThere are many ways to advertise your tutoring skills online. You can create your own website – like an online résumé you can refer potential clients to. You can post on social media about your availability as a tutor. Or you can post advertisements on various website platforms to garner more interest in your budding business.\\nConsider advertising on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, or Bing.\\nBut be careful if you choose to advertise on Craigslist. The website is a great way to connect with local people, but it is notorious for scams. If you find a potential client from Craigslist, make sure that you meet in public for the first few meetings.\\n3-4. Register for online tutoring directories.\\nMany parents or students looking for a tutor will do an online search. Registering for online directories, like care.com or wyzant, can direct people looking for a tutor right to you. These sites are usually free, and you need only provide your basic information, education, experience, and skills.\\n3-5. Ask for referrals.\\nWhen you get a tutoring client, ask them to recommend you to their classmates, friends, and family after you've spent a few weeks working together. Word of mouth recommendations are a great way to increase your client list when you first start tutoring.\\nSpeak with your friends, parents, or siblings about your tutoring services, and offer a discount for friends they refer to you.\\nYou might even consider volunteering to tutor for a little while so that your acquaintances can test you out and help you build a reputation.\\n4. Making Money as a Tutor\\n4-1. Start working for a tutoring company.\\nIf you are nervous about being able to find your own clients, you may want to consider working at a professional tutoring company at first. There are plenty of online and in-person tutoring companies that will employ tutors and pay them.\\nThis can also be a great way to gain some tutoring experience with a reputable company. This will look good on your résumé if you try to branch out on your own later.\\nOf course, the company will take part of the profit from your tutoring sessions, so you'll probably make less money per hour going this route.\\n4-2. Identify the going rate.\\nIn order to be taken seriously and viewed as a professional, you should charge a competitive price for your services. Charging too little or too much will make you seem outside of the competitive pool, and therefore hinder your ability to find work.\\nDepending on your levels of experience and education, a pretty standard going rate for in-person tutoring is $25 to $85 per hour. If you are a high school student, you'll probably need to charge on the lower end of that spectrum. If you are highly qualified (with a master's degree, for example), you could charge at the upper end of the spectrum, possibly even more.\\nAsk other tutors you know how much they charge for their services.\\nDo an online search to gather information about how much other tutors in your area charge.\\n4-3. Sign up for online payment options.\\nIf you go into business for yourself, you should consider opening an online payment account to make it easy for your clients to pay you in whatever way is most convenient for them. Being able to offer credit card acceptance could make the difference between getting a client or not. There are several options for this, including PayPal and Venmo.\\nCash can be such a hassle for parents to remember for every session. If you have a PayPal option, this might make things much easier for the parents. This often translates to repeat customers.\\n4-4. Insist on payment after each tutoring session.\\nBe sure that your clients stay up-to-date on their payments. You should get paid for each session at the beginning or end of that session. If a student (or their parents) don't pay you for a session, you should not give them another session until the balance is paid.\\nIt can be all too easy for people to get behind and then it could turn into money you'll never receive for services you already supplied.\\nYou can consider creating payment invoices for each lesson to help the students/parents stay on top of the financial end of your arrangement.\\nTips\\nAim to keep parents informed about progress. Never inflate students' abilities, but at the same time, encourage them. \\\"His timing is much better now,\\\" is better than \\\"He plays like a concert pianist,\\\" when that is not true.\\nWarnings\\nAvoid any situation that will put your students or you in any danger. Meet in a public place or at the student's house, but only if a parent will also be home.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"You can experience the joy of making a difference by becoming a tutor. Most tutors help students with their homework or prepare for exams, though some may create their own curriculum to teach to a student. Either way, you'll be part of helping somebody grow and learn and become who they are meant to be. You will also put your skills and expertise to good use. With a little preparation, experience, and advertising, you'll be able to start tutoring students in subjects that you love in no time!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Building Your Knowledge and Skills\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine which age or grade level/range you want to tutor.\", \"描述\": \"Think about what age of students you enjoy working with. Perhaps you love teaching young children, or maybe you enjoy assisting young adults with the learning process. Figuring out what age you want to teach is the first step in starting to expand your tutoring business because that will be your target audience.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose the subjects you want to tutor.\", \"描述\": \"Think about in which subjects you feel you have the most skills, qualifications, and comfort level teaching to others. Consider which classes you got the best grades in or a subject related to your major in college if you have trouble deciding on a subject to tutor.\\nYou should have at least some formal education in the subject you intend to tutor – the level depends on what kind of tutoring you do. You may only need a bachelor's degree to tutor in some situations, while others might require a more advanced degree in the field.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understand the curriculum.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure you know and understand the subject or exam the student needs help with so you can maximize the effectiveness of the tutoring sessions. This may require reviewing old class notes, doing some refresher research on the Internet, or rereading an old textbook. Make some general topic outlines that you can refer to easily if you need help remembering something during a tutoring session.\\nFor certain classes that require structure for something like a national exam, make sure you are completely comfortable with the required syllabus.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Solidify your teaching methods.\", \"描述\": \"Create engaging lessons using PowerPoint presentations, fun projects, or interactive activities. Make learning and studies fun by adding educational games, activities, and stories. This will make students focus more and actually enjoy their studies.\\nCompliment the student on their strengths and help them see their growth.\\nIf a student is struggling, ask them what they can do to find a solution, rather than showing them how to do the problem yourself. This will allow them to learn how to solve diverse problems on their own.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Listen\", \"描述\": \"A good tutor knows how to listen to their students and respond to their specific needs. This kind of attention to detail will help you retain existing clients. Tailor your lessons to each student – targeting their specific weaknesses and areas that need improvement.\\nFor example, if a student seems to already have a good understanding of part of a topic that you intended to cover, feel free to skim through that topic instead of going as in-depth as you had planned and move on to other parts of the lesson. This way, you can focus on the aspects that the student needs the most help with to maximize the benefit for them.\\nMake your lessons interesting and interactive for repeat customers. In a good lesson, the students will do much of the work – you will simply guide them through the process.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Get a tutoring certification if possible.\", \"描述\": \"It helps to attain recognition of your qualifications by being actively involved in the knowledge or discipline you are representing, by degree or other official documentation, or by both. Many non-profit organizations look to fill volunteer tutoring positions (and sometimes will offer tutor training for free or at a low cost) which can help you gain experience as a tutor.\\nFor example, the National Tutoring Association has a program that allow you to become an NTA-certified tutor.\\nFor the NTA certification, you must maintain membership in the organization, complete a certification application, submit proof of previous tutoring experience, complete a background check, and pay the required fees (about $25 USD). Then you'll be a certified tutor once the application has been processed.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choosing a Tutoring Location\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Go to the student's home if they request this.\", \"描述\": \"In many cases, the parents or students may request that you come to their home for tutoring sessions. If they live a reasonable distance from you, this can work well. If they live far away, however, you may want to charge extra for gas money or ask that they meet you at a different location.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tutor students in your home if you have the space and privacy.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, the parents or students may expect you to provide a location for tutoring. You can invite them to come to your home for convenience and to save yourself the commute. However, you will need to create a designated tutoring area and keep the space tidy. Also, if the student's parents are late to pick them up, you may have to entertain them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work in a public location if you don't want to tutor in your home.\", \"描述\": \"If you aren't comfortable or don't have the space to bring students to your home, you can tutor them in a public location like a library or cafe. However, these locations could be crowded or noisy.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finding Students to Tutor\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Talk to teachers you know.\", \"描述\": \"Contact teachers and school counselors at local schools, especially those that teach the subject you are planning to tutor in. Ask them if they can tell students who currently need help about your services.\\nIt helps to discuss this with former teachers of yours, so that they already know you are a good student and will make a good tutor.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Advertise in your community.\", \"描述\": \"Try to post advertisements for your tutoring services in places that parents will see them. Consider posting your ads on bulletin boards at local schools, the public library, daycare centers, or even recreational places where kids often hang out. \\nYou can even submit an advertisement to your local newspaper – the print version or the online one.\\nMake sure that you always get permission from the property owner before posting an advertisement.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Advertise\", \"描述\": \"There are many ways to advertise your tutoring skills online. You can create your own website – like an online résumé you can refer potential clients to. You can post on social media about your availability as a tutor. Or you can post advertisements on various website platforms to garner more interest in your budding business.\\nConsider advertising on Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, or Bing.\\nBut be careful if you choose to advertise on Craigslist. The website is a great way to connect with local people, but it is notorious for scams. If you find a potential client from Craigslist, make sure that you meet in public for the first few meetings.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Register for online tutoring directories.\", \"描述\": \"Many parents or students looking for a tutor will do an online search. Registering for online directories, like care.com or wyzant, can direct people looking for a tutor right to you. These sites are usually free, and you need only provide your basic information, education, experience, and skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ask for referrals.\", \"描述\": \"When you get a tutoring client, ask them to recommend you to their classmates, friends, and family after you've spent a few weeks working together. Word of mouth recommendations are a great way to increase your client list when you first start tutoring.\\nSpeak with your friends, parents, or siblings about your tutoring services, and offer a discount for friends they refer to you.\\nYou might even consider volunteering to tutor for a little while so that your acquaintances can test you out and help you build a reputation.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Making Money as a Tutor\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start working for a tutoring company.\", \"描述\": \"If you are nervous about being able to find your own clients, you may want to consider working at a professional tutoring company at first. There are plenty of online and in-person tutoring companies that will employ tutors and pay them.\\nThis can also be a great way to gain some tutoring experience with a reputable company. This will look good on your résumé if you try to branch out on your own later.\\nOf course, the company will take part of the profit from your tutoring sessions, so you'll probably make less money per hour going this route.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Identify the going rate.\", \"描述\": \"In order to be taken seriously and viewed as a professional, you should charge a competitive price for your services. Charging too little or too much will make you seem outside of the competitive pool, and therefore hinder your ability to find work.\\nDepending on your levels of experience and education, a pretty standard going rate for in-person tutoring is $25 to $85 per hour. If you are a high school student, you'll probably need to charge on the lower end of that spectrum. If you are highly qualified (with a master's degree, for example), you could charge at the upper end of the spectrum, possibly even more.\\nAsk other tutors you know how much they charge for their services.\\nDo an online search to gather information about how much other tutors in your area charge.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sign up for online payment options.\", \"描述\": \"If you go into business for yourself, you should consider opening an online payment account to make it easy for your clients to pay you in whatever way is most convenient for them. Being able to offer credit card acceptance could make the difference between getting a client or not. There are several options for this, including PayPal and Venmo.\\nCash can be such a hassle for parents to remember for every session. If you have a PayPal option, this might make things much easier for the parents. This often translates to repeat customers.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Insist on payment after each tutoring session.\", \"描述\": \"Be sure that your clients stay up-to-date on their payments. You should get paid for each session at the beginning or end of that session. If a student (or their parents) don't pay you for a session, you should not give them another session until the balance is paid.\\nIt can be all too easy for people to get behind and then it could turn into money you'll never receive for services you already supplied.\\nYou can consider creating payment invoices for each lesson to help the students/parents stay on top of the financial end of your arrangement.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Aim to keep parents informed about progress. Never inflate students' abilities, but at the same time, encourage them. \\\"His timing is much better now,\\\" is better than \\\"He plays like a concert pianist,\\\" when that is not true.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Avoid any situation that will put your students or you in any danger. Meet in a public place or at the student's house, but only if a parent will also be home.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,843 |
How to Become a U.S. Ambassador
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1. Preparing through Education
1-1. Get a college degree.
While you do not need any specific education to become a foreign service officer or generalist, you will need a degree to become a specialist. When pursuing a bachelor's degree, consider majoring in political science, history, or international relations.
Take foreign language classes and if possible choose a language that is in high demand for the foreign service, e.g. Farsi, Turkish, Arabic, or Mandarin.
1-2. Get a graduate degree.
For some specialist positions, a graduate degree is preferred. Consider earning a master of public administration (MPA), master of public policy (MPP), or master of public affairs (MPA). Additionally, you may also want to consider a master's degree in international relations or political science. A PhD in political science, sociology, or anthropology also could be beneficial but are not necessary.
For example, Information Resource Officers need to have a master's degree in Library and Informational Science (M.L.S.) degrees.
1-3. Supplement your studies.
While the knowledge you acquire during undergraduate and graduate studies is beneficial, you need to have a keen knowledge of current events. Attend lectures by visiting diplomats or government officials. Read the newspaper daily and aim to incorporate non-U.S. news sources as well.
Try to attend conferences concerning foreign policy matters that are open to the public or students.
1-4. Improve your communication skills.
Superb communication skills are vital if you want to become an ambassador. You'll need to have excellent written and verbal skills. Take plenty of English classes to improve your literary proficiency. Consider taking public speaking courses, too. The ability to speak in front of an audience will come in handy if you become an ambassador.
To be a good communicator, you need to be a good listener. Actively listen to conversations before jumping in to see how you can impress and contribute to the conversation.
1-5. Take on a leadership role.
Do what you can while you're a student to demonstrate initiative and leadership skills. An ambassador needs to be able to make sound decisions confidently. Working in student government or a campus political organization are good places to start.
If you have any ideas about projects you can start on campus, demonstrate initiative by turning those dreams into a reality.
2. Acquiring Initial Work Experience
2-1. Work as an interpreter or translator.
If you have studied another language, demonstrate your mastery by working as a translator. This will not only look good on your resume but will show you are committed to another language and improving understanding between peoples.
2-2. Teach.
If you have a master's degree or are a PhD candidate, consider teaching courses about foreign affairs or politics. This will show that you can convey ideas about these themes to wide audiences.
2-3. Do internships.
Consider interning for a campaign, politician, or community leader. The United Nations also offers competitive internships. Working with an organization similar to the foreign service like the UN can help you better understand the foreign service's structure.
UNESCO, the World Bank, and the International Organization for Migration are all potential employers.
2-4. Volunteer for the Peace Corps.
The Peace Corps offers a mini-view of what life as a diplomat might look like. Volunteers travel to their assigned location for two year stints during which they help with health, education, agricultural, or economic issues. Shorter term assignments of three to twelve months also are available.
3. Seeking a Foreign Service Officer (FSO) Position
3-1. Prepare for the FSO exam.
The foreign service officer exam tests your knowledge of U.S. and global history, politics, computers, management, and statistics. You should be able to write persuasive, clear essays and perform basic mathematical computation as well.
3-2. Take the FSO Exam.
You need to be between the ages of 20 and 59 at the time of the exam. This test is only offered a few times each year at specific locations within the United States and at international embassies. Be sure to plan in advance!
Three weeks after you take the test, you will learn whether you passed.
3-3. Write the personal narrative.
If you pass the FSO exam, you must write six short personal essays about what skills you would bring to the foreign service. The limit of words per essay is 200. You should focus on how your experiences in studying, volunteering, or working prepare you for the job. You have three weeks to complete this task.
You will need to supply references who can verify what you state.
3-4. Take the oral assessment.
If you pass the essay section, you will receive an invitation to complete an oral assessment in Washington D.C. You must pay for all your expenses. You'll receive instructions for the assessment before you arrive. Further instructions will also be given during the assessment. When you have the chance to demonstrate your critical thinking skills, do so, but when you are given direct instructions, follow them. At the end of the day, you will have an exit interview during which you will learn whether you will proceed. The assessment consists of three parts:
Group negotiation exercise: case study about a country and your presentation
Structured interview: one hour long with two FSOs
Case management writing exercise: respond to prompt in 1.5 hours, offering a solution to the presented problem
3-5. Pass medical and security clearances.
If you have passed all portions of the exam, the foreign service will check your medical background to see if you can perform the tasks. They also will look to see whether you pose a security risk to the government.
For example a security risk might be having connections to people convicted of terrorism.
A medical risk might include having an illness that requires special treatment that is unavailable outside the U.S.
3-6. Enter the foreign service register.
Once you have passed every clearance and test, you will be placed on the foreign service register. At this point, you can look for an open position with the State Department. Focus first on junior officer positions. The different job types include: consular, economic, political or public diplomacy officers. The easiest way to find a job is by checking out the U.S. State Department's job website: https://careers.state.gov/
Alternatively, you can search for a job at a U.S. Embassy branch in another country by navigating to that branch's webpage and browsing until you see the “Job Opportunities” link. To view a list of U.S. Embassies, look here: http://www.usembassy.gov/
From this point on, the process is a waiting game. The entire process takes about one year, so give it time.
These positions are fairly competitive. Only a few people can fill them, so you should prepare yourself ahead of time for possible rejection. Don't set all your hopes on this one job!
4. Working Towards an Ambassador Post
4-1. Work your way up through the system.
Once you get your first job, you'll need to work your way up. Be noticeable. Do your job well and make connections with the higher-ups. Skills are important, but so is networking.
4-2. Do humanitarian work.
If you're interested in an ambassadorial appointment with a struggling country, humanitarian work can be especially valuable. You can perform humanitarian work through your paid position, but if this is not possible, donate your time or money to humanitarian causes.
Consider organizing a program, event, or organization that has a humanitarian mission. Doing so demonstrates your leadership skills and involvement with international issues. This can be particularly beneficial if you focus on a cause directly related to the country or countries in which you are interested.
4-3. Continue to accept new assignments.
Part of foreign service life is moving every few years. If you want to work your way up to the ambassador levels, you must demonstrate flexibility and the willingness to go where you are called.
5. Receiving a Political Appointment
5-1. Get involved with your chosen political party.
Start as early as possible. At the beginning, most of your involvement will be in the form of time. As you advance, your involvement will include time and financial resources. By becoming a star of your political party, you are more likely to attract top national attention from decision-makers. Eventually, the president appoints ambassadors so the more higher up political connections you can make, the better.
Donating time can mean volunteering on campaigns, at rallies, or with other similar political events.
5-2. Stay involved with the country or countries you favor.
Even though you do not need to have a career with the U.S. State Department or an embassy, you should demonstrate knowledge and engagement with the country of your choice. Political appointments, meaning the president appoints you as an ambassador, arise from demonstrated knowledge as well as relationships.
Your involvement can be through both public and private institutions.
It can also help if you are of the same ethnicity as your target country.
If there are any significant issues your country of choice is presently addressing, know as much about those issues and their possible solutions as possible.
5-3. Make connections.
If you are seeking a political appointment, it is best to stay in politicians' minds. Demonstrate your competence on a country. Offer your consulting services when foreign affairs issues arise with that nation-state. Overall, engage as much as possible with the U.S. government's policy on that country.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:55:59",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing through Education\\n1-1. Get a college degree.\\nWhile you do not need any specific education to become a foreign service officer or generalist, you will need a degree to become a specialist. When pursuing a bachelor's degree, consider majoring in political science, history, or international relations.\\nTake foreign language classes and if possible choose a language that is in high demand for the foreign service, e.g. Farsi, Turkish, Arabic, or Mandarin.\\n1-2. Get a graduate degree.\\nFor some specialist positions, a graduate degree is preferred. Consider earning a master of public administration (MPA), master of public policy (MPP), or master of public affairs (MPA). Additionally, you may also want to consider a master's degree in international relations or political science. A PhD in political science, sociology, or anthropology also could be beneficial but are not necessary.\\nFor example, Information Resource Officers need to have a master's degree in Library and Informational Science (M.L.S.) degrees.\\n1-3. Supplement your studies.\\nWhile the knowledge you acquire during undergraduate and graduate studies is beneficial, you need to have a keen knowledge of current events. Attend lectures by visiting diplomats or government officials. Read the newspaper daily and aim to incorporate non-U.S. news sources as well.\\nTry to attend conferences concerning foreign policy matters that are open to the public or students.\\n1-4. Improve your communication skills.\\nSuperb communication skills are vital if you want to become an ambassador. You'll need to have excellent written and verbal skills. Take plenty of English classes to improve your literary proficiency. Consider taking public speaking courses, too. The ability to speak in front of an audience will come in handy if you become an ambassador.\\nTo be a good communicator, you need to be a good listener. Actively listen to conversations before jumping in to see how you can impress and contribute to the conversation.\\n1-5. Take on a leadership role.\\nDo what you can while you're a student to demonstrate initiative and leadership skills. An ambassador needs to be able to make sound decisions confidently. Working in student government or a campus political organization are good places to start.\\nIf you have any ideas about projects you can start on campus, demonstrate initiative by turning those dreams into a reality.\\n2. Acquiring Initial Work Experience\\n2-1. Work as an interpreter or translator.\\nIf you have studied another language, demonstrate your mastery by working as a translator. This will not only look good on your resume but will show you are committed to another language and improving understanding between peoples.\\n2-2. Teach.\\nIf you have a master's degree or are a PhD candidate, consider teaching courses about foreign affairs or politics. This will show that you can convey ideas about these themes to wide audiences.\\n2-3. Do internships.\\nConsider interning for a campaign, politician, or community leader. The United Nations also offers competitive internships. Working with an organization similar to the foreign service like the UN can help you better understand the foreign service's structure.\\nUNESCO, the World Bank, and the International Organization for Migration are all potential employers.\\n2-4. Volunteer for the Peace Corps.\\nThe Peace Corps offers a mini-view of what life as a diplomat might look like. Volunteers travel to their assigned location for two year stints during which they help with health, education, agricultural, or economic issues. Shorter term assignments of three to twelve months also are available.\\n3. Seeking a Foreign Service Officer (FSO) Position\\n3-1. Prepare for the FSO exam.\\nThe foreign service officer exam tests your knowledge of U.S. and global history, politics, computers, management, and statistics. You should be able to write persuasive, clear essays and perform basic mathematical computation as well.\\n3-2. Take the FSO Exam.\\nYou need to be between the ages of 20 and 59 at the time of the exam. This test is only offered a few times each year at specific locations within the United States and at international embassies. Be sure to plan in advance!\\nThree weeks after you take the test, you will learn whether you passed.\\n3-3. Write the personal narrative.\\nIf you pass the FSO exam, you must write six short personal essays about what skills you would bring to the foreign service. The limit of words per essay is 200. You should focus on how your experiences in studying, volunteering, or working prepare you for the job. You have three weeks to complete this task.\\nYou will need to supply references who can verify what you state.\\n3-4. Take the oral assessment.\\nIf you pass the essay section, you will receive an invitation to complete an oral assessment in Washington D.C. You must pay for all your expenses. You'll receive instructions for the assessment before you arrive. Further instructions will also be given during the assessment. When you have the chance to demonstrate your critical thinking skills, do so, but when you are given direct instructions, follow them. At the end of the day, you will have an exit interview during which you will learn whether you will proceed. The assessment consists of three parts:\\nGroup negotiation exercise: case study about a country and your presentation\\nStructured interview: one hour long with two FSOs\\nCase management writing exercise: respond to prompt in 1.5 hours, offering a solution to the presented problem\\n3-5. Pass medical and security clearances.\\nIf you have passed all portions of the exam, the foreign service will check your medical background to see if you can perform the tasks. They also will look to see whether you pose a security risk to the government.\\nFor example a security risk might be having connections to people convicted of terrorism.\\nA medical risk might include having an illness that requires special treatment that is unavailable outside the U.S.\\n3-6. Enter the foreign service register.\\nOnce you have passed every clearance and test, you will be placed on the foreign service register. At this point, you can look for an open position with the State Department. Focus first on junior officer positions. The different job types include: consular, economic, political or public diplomacy officers. The easiest way to find a job is by checking out the U.S. State Department's job website: https://careers.state.gov/\\nAlternatively, you can search for a job at a U.S. Embassy branch in another country by navigating to that branch's webpage and browsing until you see the “Job Opportunities” link. To view a list of U.S. Embassies, look here: http://www.usembassy.gov/\\nFrom this point on, the process is a waiting game. The entire process takes about one year, so give it time.\\nThese positions are fairly competitive. Only a few people can fill them, so you should prepare yourself ahead of time for possible rejection. Don't set all your hopes on this one job!\\n4. Working Towards an Ambassador Post\\n4-1. Work your way up through the system.\\nOnce you get your first job, you'll need to work your way up. Be noticeable. Do your job well and make connections with the higher-ups. Skills are important, but so is networking.\\n4-2. Do humanitarian work.\\nIf you're interested in an ambassadorial appointment with a struggling country, humanitarian work can be especially valuable. You can perform humanitarian work through your paid position, but if this is not possible, donate your time or money to humanitarian causes.\\nConsider organizing a program, event, or organization that has a humanitarian mission. Doing so demonstrates your leadership skills and involvement with international issues. This can be particularly beneficial if you focus on a cause directly related to the country or countries in which you are interested.\\n4-3. Continue to accept new assignments.\\nPart of foreign service life is moving every few years. If you want to work your way up to the ambassador levels, you must demonstrate flexibility and the willingness to go where you are called.\\n5. Receiving a Political Appointment\\n5-1. Get involved with your chosen political party.\\nStart as early as possible. At the beginning, most of your involvement will be in the form of time. As you advance, your involvement will include time and financial resources. By becoming a star of your political party, you are more likely to attract top national attention from decision-makers. Eventually, the president appoints ambassadors so the more higher up political connections you can make, the better.\\nDonating time can mean volunteering on campaigns, at rallies, or with other similar political events.\\n5-2. Stay involved with the country or countries you favor.\\nEven though you do not need to have a career with the U.S. State Department or an embassy, you should demonstrate knowledge and engagement with the country of your choice. Political appointments, meaning the president appoints you as an ambassador, arise from demonstrated knowledge as well as relationships.\\nYour involvement can be through both public and private institutions.\\nIt can also help if you are of the same ethnicity as your target country.\\nIf there are any significant issues your country of choice is presently addressing, know as much about those issues and their possible solutions as possible.\\n5-3. Make connections.\\nIf you are seeking a political appointment, it is best to stay in politicians' minds. Demonstrate your competence on a country. Offer your consulting services when foreign affairs issues arise with that nation-state. Overall, engage as much as possible with the U.S. government's policy on that country.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Becoming a U.S. Ambassador is a tricky, time-consuming process. With enough persistence and some smart strategizing, however, you just may land your dream ambassadorial appointment someday. In most cases, you will have to \\\"pay your dues\\\" first as a foreign service officer.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing through Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a college degree.\", \"描述\": \"While you do not need any specific education to become a foreign service officer or generalist, you will need a degree to become a specialist. When pursuing a bachelor's degree, consider majoring in political science, history, or international relations.\\nTake foreign language classes and if possible choose a language that is in high demand for the foreign service, e.g. Farsi, Turkish, Arabic, or Mandarin.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a graduate degree.\", \"描述\": \"For some specialist positions, a graduate degree is preferred. Consider earning a master of public administration (MPA), master of public policy (MPP), or master of public affairs (MPA). Additionally, you may also want to consider a master's degree in international relations or political science. A PhD in political science, sociology, or anthropology also could be beneficial but are not necessary.\\nFor example, Information Resource Officers need to have a master's degree in Library and Informational Science (M.L.S.) degrees.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Supplement your studies.\", \"描述\": \"While the knowledge you acquire during undergraduate and graduate studies is beneficial, you need to have a keen knowledge of current events. Attend lectures by visiting diplomats or government officials. Read the newspaper daily and aim to incorporate non-U.S. news sources as well.\\nTry to attend conferences concerning foreign policy matters that are open to the public or students.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Improve your communication skills.\", \"描述\": \"Superb communication skills are vital if you want to become an ambassador. You'll need to have excellent written and verbal skills. Take plenty of English classes to improve your literary proficiency. Consider taking public speaking courses, too. The ability to speak in front of an audience will come in handy if you become an ambassador.\\nTo be a good communicator, you need to be a good listener. Actively listen to conversations before jumping in to see how you can impress and contribute to the conversation.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take on a leadership role.\", \"描述\": \"Do what you can while you're a student to demonstrate initiative and leadership skills. An ambassador needs to be able to make sound decisions confidently. Working in student government or a campus political organization are good places to start.\\nIf you have any ideas about projects you can start on campus, demonstrate initiative by turning those dreams into a reality.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Acquiring Initial Work Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work as an interpreter or translator.\", \"描述\": \"If you have studied another language, demonstrate your mastery by working as a translator. This will not only look good on your resume but will show you are committed to another language and improving understanding between peoples.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Teach.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a master's degree or are a PhD candidate, consider teaching courses about foreign affairs or politics. This will show that you can convey ideas about these themes to wide audiences.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do internships.\", \"描述\": \"Consider interning for a campaign, politician, or community leader. The United Nations also offers competitive internships. Working with an organization similar to the foreign service like the UN can help you better understand the foreign service's structure.\\nUNESCO, the World Bank, and the International Organization for Migration are all potential employers.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Volunteer for the Peace Corps.\", \"描述\": \"The Peace Corps offers a mini-view of what life as a diplomat might look like. Volunteers travel to their assigned location for two year stints during which they help with health, education, agricultural, or economic issues. Shorter term assignments of three to twelve months also are available.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Seeking a Foreign Service Officer (FSO) Position\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepare for the FSO exam.\", \"描述\": \"The foreign service officer exam tests your knowledge of U.S. and global history, politics, computers, management, and statistics. You should be able to write persuasive, clear essays and perform basic mathematical computation as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take the FSO Exam.\", \"描述\": \"You need to be between the ages of 20 and 59 at the time of the exam. This test is only offered a few times each year at specific locations within the United States and at international embassies. Be sure to plan in advance!\\nThree weeks after you take the test, you will learn whether you passed.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Write the personal narrative.\", \"描述\": \"If you pass the FSO exam, you must write six short personal essays about what skills you would bring to the foreign service. The limit of words per essay is 200. You should focus on how your experiences in studying, volunteering, or working prepare you for the job. You have three weeks to complete this task.\\nYou will need to supply references who can verify what you state.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take the oral assessment.\", \"描述\": \"If you pass the essay section, you will receive an invitation to complete an oral assessment in Washington D.C. You must pay for all your expenses. You'll receive instructions for the assessment before you arrive. Further instructions will also be given during the assessment. When you have the chance to demonstrate your critical thinking skills, do so, but when you are given direct instructions, follow them. At the end of the day, you will have an exit interview during which you will learn whether you will proceed. The assessment consists of three parts:\\nGroup negotiation exercise: case study about a country and your presentation\\nStructured interview: one hour long with two FSOs\\nCase management writing exercise: respond to prompt in 1.5 hours, offering a solution to the presented problem\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Pass medical and security clearances.\", \"描述\": \"If you have passed all portions of the exam, the foreign service will check your medical background to see if you can perform the tasks. They also will look to see whether you pose a security risk to the government.\\nFor example a security risk might be having connections to people convicted of terrorism.\\nA medical risk might include having an illness that requires special treatment that is unavailable outside the U.S.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Enter the foreign service register.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have passed every clearance and test, you will be placed on the foreign service register. At this point, you can look for an open position with the State Department. Focus first on junior officer positions. The different job types include: consular, economic, political or public diplomacy officers. The easiest way to find a job is by checking out the U.S. State Department's job website: https://careers.state.gov/\\nAlternatively, you can search for a job at a U.S. Embassy branch in another country by navigating to that branch's webpage and browsing until you see the “Job Opportunities” link. To view a list of U.S. Embassies, look here: http://www.usembassy.gov/\\nFrom this point on, the process is a waiting game. The entire process takes about one year, so give it time.\\nThese positions are fairly competitive. Only a few people can fill them, so you should prepare yourself ahead of time for possible rejection. Don't set all your hopes on this one job!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Working Towards an Ambassador Post\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work your way up through the system.\", \"描述\": \"Once you get your first job, you'll need to work your way up. Be noticeable. Do your job well and make connections with the higher-ups. Skills are important, but so is networking.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Do humanitarian work.\", \"描述\": \"If you're interested in an ambassadorial appointment with a struggling country, humanitarian work can be especially valuable. You can perform humanitarian work through your paid position, but if this is not possible, donate your time or money to humanitarian causes.\\nConsider organizing a program, event, or organization that has a humanitarian mission. Doing so demonstrates your leadership skills and involvement with international issues. This can be particularly beneficial if you focus on a cause directly related to the country or countries in which you are interested.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Continue to accept new assignments.\", \"描述\": \"Part of foreign service life is moving every few years. If you want to work your way up to the ambassador levels, you must demonstrate flexibility and the willingness to go where you are called.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Receiving a Political Appointment\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get involved with your chosen political party.\", \"描述\": \"Start as early as possible. At the beginning, most of your involvement will be in the form of time. As you advance, your involvement will include time and financial resources. By becoming a star of your political party, you are more likely to attract top national attention from decision-makers. Eventually, the president appoints ambassadors so the more higher up political connections you can make, the better.\\nDonating time can mean volunteering on campaigns, at rallies, or with other similar political events.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stay involved with the country or countries you favor.\", \"描述\": \"Even though you do not need to have a career with the U.S. State Department or an embassy, you should demonstrate knowledge and engagement with the country of your choice. Political appointments, meaning the president appoints you as an ambassador, arise from demonstrated knowledge as well as relationships.\\nYour involvement can be through both public and private institutions.\\nIt can also help if you are of the same ethnicity as your target country.\\nIf there are any significant issues your country of choice is presently addressing, know as much about those issues and their possible solutions as possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make connections.\", \"描述\": \"If you are seeking a political appointment, it is best to stay in politicians' minds. Demonstrate your competence on a country. Offer your consulting services when foreign affairs issues arise with that nation-state. Overall, engage as much as possible with the U.S. government's policy on that country.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,844 |
How to Become a U.S. Defense Contractor
|
1. Becoming an Individual Defense Contractor
1-1. Become a U.S Citizen.
Almost all U.S. defense contractor positions require applicants to be United States citizens. If you are not a native citizen, you can go through the naturalization process to obtain your citizenship, which involves taking an extensive test on English and Civics.
1-2. Be able to acquire security clearance.
You cannot actually obtain a security clearance until you are employed in a government job, or have been sponsored by a company or agency who wishes to hire you. However, you should try to determine if you are eligible for clearance before you begin. If you have previously had a security clearance in the past, this is a good indicator that you will be able to obtain one again. The following are some of the factors that generally prevent a person from obtaining a security clearance:
Past criminal convictions that lead to jail time of 1 year or more.
Current use of illegal or controlled substances.
A determination of mental incompetence by a DoD-approved mental health professional.
A dishonorable discharge from the Armed Forces.
Unwillingness to surrender a foreign passport.
Severe, repeated financial problems.
Intentional false statements made in the application process.
Repeated alcohol abuse.
A pattern of criminal or conduct or rule violation.
1-3. Be willing to relocate.
Defense contractor jobs are available throughout the world, however, to have the best shot at obtaining the kind of position your are interested in, you should be willing to relocate.
1-4. Talk with other defense contractors.
The best way to learn the ins and outs of becoming a U.S. defense contractor is to talk with people who already have the kind of position you are hoping to land. These individuals can give you insider tips on how to locate jobs, red flags to look for on job listings, and perhaps most importantly, position-specific instructions on how to format your resume and complete your application in a way that gets you hired.
1-5. Check on-line job listings.
The Department of Defense maintains a job listing site for civilian employment opportunities with the DoD and all military branches. You can either go to the DoD’s website and click “Employment,” or use the main www.usajobs.gov portal and use the keyword “defense” to look for these jobs. Private companies looking to hire individuals into defense contractor positions usually advertise on major job search websites, like monster.com and indeed.com. Enter “defense contractor” into the search line to locate these positions.
1-6. Fill out your application completely.
Government jobs usually involve a notoriously detailed application process. Read the application thoroughly before beginning, and make sure to fill it out completely before submitting it. And be honest in your application; obtaining a defense contractor position will eventually require a thorough background check, and any errors or omissions in your application are likely to be exposed.
1-7. Be patient.
The hiring process for government jobs moves much more slowly than it does in the private sector. You can expect it to take anywhere from several weeks to a few months to find out if your application made the first cut, and even longer to get all the way through the application and evaluation process. Remember that the payoff in job security, benefits, and salary if you get the job will eventually be worth the wait.
1-8. Cooperate fully with the security investigation process.
If you become a finalist or are offered a position, you will need to complete a rigorous investigation process to obtain security clearance. You must comply with this process fully, answer all questions truthfully and completely, and provide all information that is requested quickly and accurately. It is unfortunate to get through a months-long application process only to lose out at the end over a mistake or omission, but it does happen.
2. Becoming a Small Business Defense Contractor
2-1. Know that the United States Government wants to work with you!
The U.S. Government doesn’t just work with major companies. The Department of Defense sets aside a substantial portion of its budget to contracting with small business. Small businesses owned by women, veterans, and minorities are given further advantages in the bid selection process. Working with the DoD can be a real boon for your small business!
2-2. Do your homework.
Working with the federal government requires understanding and following a lot of complicated rules and procedures. The U.S. Small Business Administration maintains a comprehensive guide for small business that wish to take on federal contracts. The ACQ also maintains a helpful Guide to DOD Contracting Opportunities.It is important to study and understand these materials before seeking out federal contracts.
The materials noted above are admittedly dense, but know that the paperwork you will need to keep up with to seek and maintain government contracts will be just as bad, so consider these a litmus test for whether or not you are up for the challenge.
2-3. Think about your company and what it can offer the government.
It is important to have a very good understanding of your own company, and what it has to offer, before seeking government contracts. Identify the specific product or services that you can provide, and think about how much you can reasonably charge to do so, and still make a profit.
2-4. Be prepared to apply for security clearance.
Most defense contracts require that some, if not all, of the employees who will be involved in carrying out the contract have security clearance. Think about your own background and any problems that might be present there. If you did not run background checks on your employees when you hired them, you should discuss your intentions to apply for government contracts with them, and let them know that they may be required to obtain security clearance to continue with the company.
2-5. Get ready to do a lot of paperwork.
Applying for and carrying out a federal contract requires completing a lot of paperwork, and keeping very careful records. Be sure that you are up for the challenge before proceeding, and budget extra time and resources to dealing with this paperwork.
2-6. Determine the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) code for the service or product you want to provide.
You will need this information to look for contracts, and complete applications. It can be located at www.naics.com/search.
2-7. Register as a government contractor.
You will need to apply for a D-U-N-S identification number from the company Dun & Bradstreet. Obtaining your D-U-N-S number is free of charge.
2-8. Check the government website frequently for open contracts.
All federal contracts that go out for bid, including those for the Department of Defense and the Armed Forces, are listed on the “Contract Opportunities” website [1]. Check the site frequently for contracts that your business might be able to compete for.
2-9. Contact your local Procurement Technical Assistance Center (PTAC) for assistance.
These centers are located in most states, and can help you figure out the best way to market your product or service to the DOD. They can also offer more general advice on marketing, and to small business in general.
2-10. Present your proposal to the agency making the request.
Be sure to follow all directions in the call for bids in your proposal, and to clearly and specifically explain how your company can provide the product or service that the agency is seeking. Provide detailed product brochures, and any other helpful materials, and make your presentation as professional and clear as possible.
2-11. Make and maintain contacts in the industry.
Databases are very helpful, but having real human contacts in the defense industry is crucial to getting the inside scoop on upcoming opportunities, and how best to market yourself for open contracts. Identify specific agencies that you would like to contract with, and seek out contacts within them. Attend any events that these agencies might hold, and follow closely any websites or publications they maintain.
2-12. Comply with the security clearance process.
If you are awarded a contract that requires security clearance, the agency hiring you will send you information on obtaining security clearance for yourself, your company, and your facility, depending on the nature of the contract. Be ready to complete any preliminary paperwork that is requested, and to fully comply with all facets of the investigation. Failure to comply or to pass the investigation process will lead to the revocation of your contract.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:00",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Becoming an Individual Defense Contractor\\n1-1. Become a U.S Citizen.\\nAlmost all U.S. defense contractor positions require applicants to be United States citizens. If you are not a native citizen, you can go through the naturalization process to obtain your citizenship, which involves taking an extensive test on English and Civics.\\n1-2. Be able to acquire security clearance.\\nYou cannot actually obtain a security clearance until you are employed in a government job, or have been sponsored by a company or agency who wishes to hire you. However, you should try to determine if you are eligible for clearance before you begin. If you have previously had a security clearance in the past, this is a good indicator that you will be able to obtain one again. The following are some of the factors that generally prevent a person from obtaining a security clearance:\\nPast criminal convictions that lead to jail time of 1 year or more.\\nCurrent use of illegal or controlled substances.\\nA determination of mental incompetence by a DoD-approved mental health professional.\\nA dishonorable discharge from the Armed Forces.\\nUnwillingness to surrender a foreign passport.\\nSevere, repeated financial problems.\\nIntentional false statements made in the application process.\\nRepeated alcohol abuse.\\nA pattern of criminal or conduct or rule violation.\\n1-3. Be willing to relocate.\\nDefense contractor jobs are available throughout the world, however, to have the best shot at obtaining the kind of position your are interested in, you should be willing to relocate.\\n1-4. Talk with other defense contractors.\\nThe best way to learn the ins and outs of becoming a U.S. defense contractor is to talk with people who already have the kind of position you are hoping to land. These individuals can give you insider tips on how to locate jobs, red flags to look for on job listings, and perhaps most importantly, position-specific instructions on how to format your resume and complete your application in a way that gets you hired.\\n1-5. Check on-line job listings.\\nThe Department of Defense maintains a job listing site for civilian employment opportunities with the DoD and all military branches. You can either go to the DoD’s website and click “Employment,” or use the main www.usajobs.gov portal and use the keyword “defense” to look for these jobs. Private companies looking to hire individuals into defense contractor positions usually advertise on major job search websites, like monster.com and indeed.com. Enter “defense contractor” into the search line to locate these positions.\\n1-6. Fill out your application completely.\\nGovernment jobs usually involve a notoriously detailed application process. Read the application thoroughly before beginning, and make sure to fill it out completely before submitting it. And be honest in your application; obtaining a defense contractor position will eventually require a thorough background check, and any errors or omissions in your application are likely to be exposed.\\n1-7. Be patient.\\nThe hiring process for government jobs moves much more slowly than it does in the private sector. You can expect it to take anywhere from several weeks to a few months to find out if your application made the first cut, and even longer to get all the way through the application and evaluation process. Remember that the payoff in job security, benefits, and salary if you get the job will eventually be worth the wait.\\n1-8. Cooperate fully with the security investigation process.\\nIf you become a finalist or are offered a position, you will need to complete a rigorous investigation process to obtain security clearance. You must comply with this process fully, answer all questions truthfully and completely, and provide all information that is requested quickly and accurately. It is unfortunate to get through a months-long application process only to lose out at the end over a mistake or omission, but it does happen.\\n2. Becoming a Small Business Defense Contractor\\n2-1. Know that the United States Government wants to work with you!\\nThe U.S. Government doesn’t just work with major companies. The Department of Defense sets aside a substantial portion of its budget to contracting with small business. Small businesses owned by women, veterans, and minorities are given further advantages in the bid selection process. Working with the DoD can be a real boon for your small business!\\n2-2. Do your homework.\\nWorking with the federal government requires understanding and following a lot of complicated rules and procedures. The U.S. Small Business Administration maintains a comprehensive guide for small business that wish to take on federal contracts. The ACQ also maintains a helpful Guide to DOD Contracting Opportunities.It is important to study and understand these materials before seeking out federal contracts.\\nThe materials noted above are admittedly dense, but know that the paperwork you will need to keep up with to seek and maintain government contracts will be just as bad, so consider these a litmus test for whether or not you are up for the challenge.\\n2-3. Think about your company and what it can offer the government.\\nIt is important to have a very good understanding of your own company, and what it has to offer, before seeking government contracts. Identify the specific product or services that you can provide, and think about how much you can reasonably charge to do so, and still make a profit.\\n2-4. Be prepared to apply for security clearance.\\nMost defense contracts require that some, if not all, of the employees who will be involved in carrying out the contract have security clearance. Think about your own background and any problems that might be present there. If you did not run background checks on your employees when you hired them, you should discuss your intentions to apply for government contracts with them, and let them know that they may be required to obtain security clearance to continue with the company.\\n2-5. Get ready to do a lot of paperwork.\\nApplying for and carrying out a federal contract requires completing a lot of paperwork, and keeping very careful records. Be sure that you are up for the challenge before proceeding, and budget extra time and resources to dealing with this paperwork.\\n2-6. Determine the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) code for the service or product you want to provide.\\nYou will need this information to look for contracts, and complete applications. It can be located at www.naics.com/search.\\n2-7. Register as a government contractor.\\nYou will need to apply for a D-U-N-S identification number from the company Dun & Bradstreet. Obtaining your D-U-N-S number is free of charge.\\n2-8. Check the government website frequently for open contracts.\\nAll federal contracts that go out for bid, including those for the Department of Defense and the Armed Forces, are listed on the “Contract Opportunities” website [1]. Check the site frequently for contracts that your business might be able to compete for.\\n2-9. Contact your local Procurement Technical Assistance Center (PTAC) for assistance.\\nThese centers are located in most states, and can help you figure out the best way to market your product or service to the DOD. They can also offer more general advice on marketing, and to small business in general.\\n2-10. Present your proposal to the agency making the request.\\nBe sure to follow all directions in the call for bids in your proposal, and to clearly and specifically explain how your company can provide the product or service that the agency is seeking. Provide detailed product brochures, and any other helpful materials, and make your presentation as professional and clear as possible.\\n2-11. Make and maintain contacts in the industry.\\nDatabases are very helpful, but having real human contacts in the defense industry is crucial to getting the inside scoop on upcoming opportunities, and how best to market yourself for open contracts. Identify specific agencies that you would like to contract with, and seek out contacts within them. Attend any events that these agencies might hold, and follow closely any websites or publications they maintain.\\n2-12. Comply with the security clearance process.\\nIf you are awarded a contract that requires security clearance, the agency hiring you will send you information on obtaining security clearance for yourself, your company, and your facility, depending on the nature of the contract. Be ready to complete any preliminary paperwork that is requested, and to fully comply with all facets of the investigation. Failure to comply or to pass the investigation process will lead to the revocation of your contract.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The United States Government employs thousands of individual and corporate defense contractors every year. The Department of Defense, the various branches of the military, and the companies these agencies contract with employ thousands of people as security personnel, IT specialists, analysts, administrators, scientists, doctors, accountants, etc. The government also contracts with both large and small businesses to provide services and supplies that are used in every facet of maintaining the country’s defense. Breaking into defense contracting requires going through a lot of red tape, and can be difficult at first, but if you are motivated and able to obtain a security clearance, there are many opportunities to be had in the defense industry.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Becoming an Individual Defense Contractor\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Become a U.S Citizen.\", \"描述\": \"Almost all U.S. defense contractor positions require applicants to be United States citizens. If you are not a native citizen, you can go through the naturalization process to obtain your citizenship, which involves taking an extensive test on English and Civics.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be able to acquire security clearance.\", \"描述\": \"You cannot actually obtain a security clearance until you are employed in a government job, or have been sponsored by a company or agency who wishes to hire you. However, you should try to determine if you are eligible for clearance before you begin. If you have previously had a security clearance in the past, this is a good indicator that you will be able to obtain one again. The following are some of the factors that generally prevent a person from obtaining a security clearance:\\nPast criminal convictions that lead to jail time of 1 year or more.\\nCurrent use of illegal or controlled substances.\\nA determination of mental incompetence by a DoD-approved mental health professional.\\nA dishonorable discharge from the Armed Forces.\\nUnwillingness to surrender a foreign passport.\\nSevere, repeated financial problems.\\nIntentional false statements made in the application process.\\nRepeated alcohol abuse.\\nA pattern of criminal or conduct or rule violation.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be willing to relocate.\", \"描述\": \"Defense contractor jobs are available throughout the world, however, to have the best shot at obtaining the kind of position your are interested in, you should be willing to relocate.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Talk with other defense contractors.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to learn the ins and outs of becoming a U.S. defense contractor is to talk with people who already have the kind of position you are hoping to land. These individuals can give you insider tips on how to locate jobs, red flags to look for on job listings, and perhaps most importantly, position-specific instructions on how to format your resume and complete your application in a way that gets you hired.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Check on-line job listings.\", \"描述\": \"The Department of Defense maintains a job listing site for civilian employment opportunities with the DoD and all military branches. You can either go to the DoD’s website and click “Employment,” or use the main www.usajobs.gov portal and use the keyword “defense” to look for these jobs. Private companies looking to hire individuals into defense contractor positions usually advertise on major job search websites, like monster.com and indeed.com. Enter “defense contractor” into the search line to locate these positions.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Fill out your application completely.\", \"描述\": \"Government jobs usually involve a notoriously detailed application process. Read the application thoroughly before beginning, and make sure to fill it out completely before submitting it. And be honest in your application; obtaining a defense contractor position will eventually require a thorough background check, and any errors or omissions in your application are likely to be exposed.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Be patient.\", \"描述\": \"The hiring process for government jobs moves much more slowly than it does in the private sector. You can expect it to take anywhere from several weeks to a few months to find out if your application made the first cut, and even longer to get all the way through the application and evaluation process. Remember that the payoff in job security, benefits, and salary if you get the job will eventually be worth the wait.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Cooperate fully with the security investigation process.\", \"描述\": \"If you become a finalist or are offered a position, you will need to complete a rigorous investigation process to obtain security clearance. You must comply with this process fully, answer all questions truthfully and completely, and provide all information that is requested quickly and accurately. It is unfortunate to get through a months-long application process only to lose out at the end over a mistake or omission, but it does happen.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Small Business Defense Contractor\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know that the United States Government wants to work with you!\", \"描述\": \"The U.S. Government doesn’t just work with major companies. The Department of Defense sets aside a substantial portion of its budget to contracting with small business. Small businesses owned by women, veterans, and minorities are given further advantages in the bid selection process. Working with the DoD can be a real boon for your small business!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Do your homework.\", \"描述\": \"Working with the federal government requires understanding and following a lot of complicated rules and procedures. The U.S. Small Business Administration maintains a comprehensive guide for small business that wish to take on federal contracts. The ACQ also maintains a helpful Guide to DOD Contracting Opportunities.It is important to study and understand these materials before seeking out federal contracts.\\nThe materials noted above are admittedly dense, but know that the paperwork you will need to keep up with to seek and maintain government contracts will be just as bad, so consider these a litmus test for whether or not you are up for the challenge.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Think about your company and what it can offer the government.\", \"描述\": \"It is important to have a very good understanding of your own company, and what it has to offer, before seeking government contracts. Identify the specific product or services that you can provide, and think about how much you can reasonably charge to do so, and still make a profit.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be prepared to apply for security clearance.\", \"描述\": \"Most defense contracts require that some, if not all, of the employees who will be involved in carrying out the contract have security clearance. Think about your own background and any problems that might be present there. If you did not run background checks on your employees when you hired them, you should discuss your intentions to apply for government contracts with them, and let them know that they may be required to obtain security clearance to continue with the company.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get ready to do a lot of paperwork.\", \"描述\": \"Applying for and carrying out a federal contract requires completing a lot of paperwork, and keeping very careful records. Be sure that you are up for the challenge before proceeding, and budget extra time and resources to dealing with this paperwork.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Determine the NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) code for the service or product you want to provide.\", \"描述\": \"You will need this information to look for contracts, and complete applications. It can be located at www.naics.com/search.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Register as a government contractor.\", \"描述\": \"You will need to apply for a D-U-N-S identification number from the company Dun & Bradstreet. Obtaining your D-U-N-S number is free of charge.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Check the government website frequently for open contracts.\", \"描述\": \"All federal contracts that go out for bid, including those for the Department of Defense and the Armed Forces, are listed on the “Contract Opportunities” website [1]. Check the site frequently for contracts that your business might be able to compete for.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Contact your local Procurement Technical Assistance Center (PTAC) for assistance.\", \"描述\": \"These centers are located in most states, and can help you figure out the best way to market your product or service to the DOD. They can also offer more general advice on marketing, and to small business in general.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Present your proposal to the agency making the request.\", \"描述\": \"Be sure to follow all directions in the call for bids in your proposal, and to clearly and specifically explain how your company can provide the product or service that the agency is seeking. Provide detailed product brochures, and any other helpful materials, and make your presentation as professional and clear as possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Make and maintain contacts in the industry.\", \"描述\": \"Databases are very helpful, but having real human contacts in the defense industry is crucial to getting the inside scoop on upcoming opportunities, and how best to market yourself for open contracts. Identify specific agencies that you would like to contract with, and seek out contacts within them. Attend any events that these agencies might hold, and follow closely any websites or publications they maintain.\"}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Comply with the security clearance process.\", \"描述\": \"If you are awarded a contract that requires security clearance, the agency hiring you will send you information on obtaining security clearance for yourself, your company, and your facility, depending on the nature of the contract. Be ready to complete any preliminary paperwork that is requested, and to fully comply with all facets of the investigation. Failure to comply or to pass the investigation process will lead to the revocation of your contract.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,845 |
How to Become a UFO Hunter
|
1. Learning to Hunt
1-1. Get a good camera.
"Hunting" UFOs describes the act of spotting UFOs, usually in the night sky, and taking pictures or recordings to capture their activity. Many people have declared they've seen a UFO, and some have even reported being abducted, but no one has been able to provide definitive proof that this has occurred. Because we live in a society of skeptics, it's absolutely imperative for a serious UFO hunter to have serious equipment for getting concrete data on UFOs.
Buy a camera that takes excellent pictures at night. You'll need a special lens that can capture the faint lights and patterns created by the UFOs.
A video camera is also useful to have. The more ways you have to document the UFOs, the better.
1-2. Carry a notebook and pen.
You'll need to be able to keep a record of the details of your sightings. Have a notebook and writing instrument with you at all times so that you'll be able to jot down all the necessary information right when it happens. Later, when you get home, plan to record the information in a log on your computer.
1-3. Find a UFO sighting hotspot.
Organizations like the National UFO Reporting Center have online databases listing sightings by state, date, and shape. Look into hotspots in your region. It's not guaranteed you'll see a UFO there, but it's a great place to start.
Plan on visiting the same spot multiple times.
If necessary, make travel arrangements to visit a spot in a different state. Some states don't have many, if any, hotspots.
Go to a place that doesn't have a lot of air traffic, so you don't mistake human aircraft for UFOs.
1-4. Set up camp for several hours in the evening.
Once you're there, you may have to sit tight for a long time before you see any activity. Patience is a virtue among UFO hunters; be prepared to spend a lot of time waiting under the stars.
1-5. Record any activity you see.
As soon as you see activity, even if you aren't sure what you saw was indeed a UFO, write it down. Record the following information:
The date and time of the sighting
The location of the sighting
The shape, size, and color of the UFO
Whether there were additional witnesses
1-6. Distinguish UFOs from human aircraft.
After you've hunted for UFOs for awhile, you'll start to notice patterns. Do research to find out whether what you're seeing may have an explanation; for example, if you're looking for UFOs near an Air Force Base, you might be seeing human-made aircraft, even if they look unfamiliar. Real UFOs may have the following characteristics:
They don't move in a straight line, but rather up and down or in zig zags. They may not move in regular patterns at all
They don't blink, like airplanes would
They may be shaped like discs, triangles, or something else entirely
2. Getting Involved in the Ufology Community
2-1. Report your sightings to a database.
Ufology organizations have databases where they keep all the important statistics on UFO sightings. If you spot a UFO and report it, you're contributing to the community at large. You can also learn a lot by spending time reading through others' reports.
2-2. Find a Ufology organization to join.
There are several established organizations with chapters in every state. If you're interested in pursuing Ufology long-term, its worth joining up with a group. Here are a few options:
Mutual UFO Network
UFOdb
National UFO Reporting Center
Tips
Have your passport ready to go and keep your equipment packed. Traveling around the world to do research and hunt for UFOs is a given. You can end up in deserts, jungles and mountaintops.
Never pay anyone to join a "UFO club" or see photos/videos of UFOs. This is a scam.
Your observation skills must be flawless. You must be comfortable in nature as you will be trying to get away from big cities (light sources).
Warnings
Be aware that this study requires long hours that might be hard on any relationships in your life. There is night work and time away from home involved. Your spouse might not enjoy or support this activity.
You must be willing to put up with being ridiculed. Keep a sense of humor, you will need it.
It is going to be hard to come with money to finance your adventures if you are not wealthy.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:00",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Learning to Hunt\\n1-1. Get a good camera.\\n\\\"Hunting\\\" UFOs describes the act of spotting UFOs, usually in the night sky, and taking pictures or recordings to capture their activity. Many people have declared they've seen a UFO, and some have even reported being abducted, but no one has been able to provide definitive proof that this has occurred. Because we live in a society of skeptics, it's absolutely imperative for a serious UFO hunter to have serious equipment for getting concrete data on UFOs.\\nBuy a camera that takes excellent pictures at night. You'll need a special lens that can capture the faint lights and patterns created by the UFOs.\\nA video camera is also useful to have. The more ways you have to document the UFOs, the better.\\n1-2. Carry a notebook and pen.\\nYou'll need to be able to keep a record of the details of your sightings. Have a notebook and writing instrument with you at all times so that you'll be able to jot down all the necessary information right when it happens. Later, when you get home, plan to record the information in a log on your computer.\\n1-3. Find a UFO sighting hotspot.\\nOrganizations like the National UFO Reporting Center have online databases listing sightings by state, date, and shape. Look into hotspots in your region. It's not guaranteed you'll see a UFO there, but it's a great place to start.\\nPlan on visiting the same spot multiple times.\\nIf necessary, make travel arrangements to visit a spot in a different state. Some states don't have many, if any, hotspots.\\nGo to a place that doesn't have a lot of air traffic, so you don't mistake human aircraft for UFOs.\\n1-4. Set up camp for several hours in the evening.\\nOnce you're there, you may have to sit tight for a long time before you see any activity. Patience is a virtue among UFO hunters; be prepared to spend a lot of time waiting under the stars.\\n1-5. Record any activity you see.\\nAs soon as you see activity, even if you aren't sure what you saw was indeed a UFO, write it down. Record the following information:\\nThe date and time of the sighting\\nThe location of the sighting\\nThe shape, size, and color of the UFO\\nWhether there were additional witnesses\\n1-6. Distinguish UFOs from human aircraft.\\nAfter you've hunted for UFOs for awhile, you'll start to notice patterns. Do research to find out whether what you're seeing may have an explanation; for example, if you're looking for UFOs near an Air Force Base, you might be seeing human-made aircraft, even if they look unfamiliar. Real UFOs may have the following characteristics:\\nThey don't move in a straight line, but rather up and down or in zig zags. They may not move in regular patterns at all\\nThey don't blink, like airplanes would\\nThey may be shaped like discs, triangles, or something else entirely\\n2. Getting Involved in the Ufology Community\\n2-1. Report your sightings to a database.\\nUfology organizations have databases where they keep all the important statistics on UFO sightings. If you spot a UFO and report it, you're contributing to the community at large. You can also learn a lot by spending time reading through others' reports.\\n2-2. Find a Ufology organization to join.\\nThere are several established organizations with chapters in every state. If you're interested in pursuing Ufology long-term, its worth joining up with a group. Here are a few options:\\nMutual UFO Network\\nUFOdb\\nNational UFO Reporting Center\\nTips\\nHave your passport ready to go and keep your equipment packed. Traveling around the world to do research and hunt for UFOs is a given. You can end up in deserts, jungles and mountaintops.\\nNever pay anyone to join a \\\"UFO club\\\" or see photos/videos of UFOs. This is a scam.\\nYour observation skills must be flawless. You must be comfortable in nature as you will be trying to get away from big cities (light sources).\\nWarnings\\nBe aware that this study requires long hours that might be hard on any relationships in your life. There is night work and time away from home involved. Your spouse might not enjoy or support this activity.\\nYou must be willing to put up with being ridiculed. Keep a sense of humor, you will need it.\\nIt is going to be hard to come with money to finance your adventures if you are not wealthy.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The Milky Way may contain tens of billions of habitable planets. UFO hunters contend it's only a matter of time before creatures from another planet come to Earth to investigate - and it's possible that some already have. If you want to become a UFO hunter, start by checking out hotspots for UFO sightings. Aside from knowing where to look, you'll need good camera equipment and a recording system. Read on to learn more about how to become a UFO hunter.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learning to Hunt\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a good camera.\", \"描述\": \"\\\"Hunting\\\" UFOs describes the act of spotting UFOs, usually in the night sky, and taking pictures or recordings to capture their activity. Many people have declared they've seen a UFO, and some have even reported being abducted, but no one has been able to provide definitive proof that this has occurred. Because we live in a society of skeptics, it's absolutely imperative for a serious UFO hunter to have serious equipment for getting concrete data on UFOs.\\nBuy a camera that takes excellent pictures at night. You'll need a special lens that can capture the faint lights and patterns created by the UFOs.\\nA video camera is also useful to have. The more ways you have to document the UFOs, the better.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Carry a notebook and pen.\", \"描述\": \"You'll need to be able to keep a record of the details of your sightings. Have a notebook and writing instrument with you at all times so that you'll be able to jot down all the necessary information right when it happens. Later, when you get home, plan to record the information in a log on your computer.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find a UFO sighting hotspot.\", \"描述\": \"Organizations like the National UFO Reporting Center have online databases listing sightings by state, date, and shape. Look into hotspots in your region. It's not guaranteed you'll see a UFO there, but it's a great place to start.\\nPlan on visiting the same spot multiple times.\\nIf necessary, make travel arrangements to visit a spot in a different state. Some states don't have many, if any, hotspots.\\nGo to a place that doesn't have a lot of air traffic, so you don't mistake human aircraft for UFOs.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Set up camp for several hours in the evening.\", \"描述\": \"Once you're there, you may have to sit tight for a long time before you see any activity. Patience is a virtue among UFO hunters; be prepared to spend a lot of time waiting under the stars.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Record any activity you see.\", \"描述\": \"As soon as you see activity, even if you aren't sure what you saw was indeed a UFO, write it down. Record the following information:\\nThe date and time of the sighting\\nThe location of the sighting\\nThe shape, size, and color of the UFO\\nWhether there were additional witnesses\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Distinguish UFOs from human aircraft.\", \"描述\": \"After you've hunted for UFOs for awhile, you'll start to notice patterns. Do research to find out whether what you're seeing may have an explanation; for example, if you're looking for UFOs near an Air Force Base, you might be seeing human-made aircraft, even if they look unfamiliar. Real UFOs may have the following characteristics:\\nThey don't move in a straight line, but rather up and down or in zig zags. They may not move in regular patterns at all\\nThey don't blink, like airplanes would\\nThey may be shaped like discs, triangles, or something else entirely\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Involved in the Ufology Community\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Report your sightings to a database.\", \"描述\": \"Ufology organizations have databases where they keep all the important statistics on UFO sightings. If you spot a UFO and report it, you're contributing to the community at large. You can also learn a lot by spending time reading through others' reports.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find a Ufology organization to join.\", \"描述\": \"There are several established organizations with chapters in every state. If you're interested in pursuing Ufology long-term, its worth joining up with a group. Here are a few options:\\nMutual UFO Network\\nUFOdb\\nNational UFO Reporting Center\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Have your passport ready to go and keep your equipment packed. Traveling around the world to do research and hunt for UFOs is a given. You can end up in deserts, jungles and mountaintops.\\n\", \"Never pay anyone to join a \\\"UFO club\\\" or see photos/videos of UFOs. This is a scam.\\n\", \"Your observation skills must be flawless. You must be comfortable in nature as you will be trying to get away from big cities (light sources).\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Be aware that this study requires long hours that might be hard on any relationships in your life. There is night work and time away from home involved. Your spouse might not enjoy or support this activity.\\n\", \"You must be willing to put up with being ridiculed. Keep a sense of humor, you will need it.\\n\", \"It is going to be hard to come with money to finance your adventures if you are not wealthy.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,846 |
How to Become a UK Citizen
|
1. As a Foreigner Living in the UK
1-1. Print a copy of the application form.
The UK government provides a copy of this form on their website. It is called Form AN, or Application for naturalisation as a British citizen. You can also request this form at many local government offices, such as a city or county council.
If the council offers a nationality checking service, you can pay a fee to have someone check your form for errors.
1-2. Receive indefinite leave to stay in the UK.
Indefinite leave, also called settlement, means there is no restriction on how long you can stay in the country. In order to receive citizenship, you must have spent at least the last 12 months under indefinite leave. You must also plan to continue living in the UK.
To see whether you can apply for indefinite leave, visit this interactive gov.uk web page. The requirements vary depending on your type of visa.
If you are a citizen of a country in the European Economic Area or Switzerland, you will need a permanent resident card or another document that proves permanent residence.
1-3. Live in the UK for at least five years.
To pass this requirement automatically, you must have entered the UK as a resident (or entered the UK armed forces) at least five years ago, and spent no more than 450 days of the past five years outside the country. The UK government will often overlook total absences up to 480 days.
Up to 730 days may be allowed if you have a family and home in the UK, your application meets all other requirements, and you have lived in the UK at least seven years.
Up to 900 days may be allowed if you meet the same criteria but have lived in the UK at least eight years, or if the absences occurred due to you or your spouse or civil partner serving in the UK armed forces, or due to business travel for a UK job.
1-4. Count your absences over the past year.
Officially your time outside the country over the past 365 days should total no more than 90 days, but up to 100 days is usually not a problem. Up to 179 days may be allowed if:
You have a family and home in the UK
and either meet every other requirement in the application.
or have a compelling reason for your absence (e.g. UK business travel, UK armed forces).
Exceptions for 180 days and above are rare, and require all three of the criteria above.
1-5. Meet the age and good character requirements.
You must be at least eighteen years old to apply for naturalised citizenship. You are also required to answer all the questions in section 3 of the application form, "Good Character". Note that these questions apply to events in any country, not just the UK, and include all civil and criminal penalties including minor traffic offenses. If you answer yes to any of these questions, describe the events in detail in the space at the end of the section, and on additional sheets if needed. Serious crimes or unresolved bankruptcy usually lead to a rejected application.
If you have court endorsements on your UK driving license, print a copy of your record and attach it to your application.
You do not need to describe family legal proceedings such as divorce. However, you must mention offences committed by your children, as well as any court orders against them.
1-6. Check for exemptions on the next requirements.
If you are over 65, you do not need to pass the life in the UK test, or prove your English proficiency. If you are under 65 but have a long-term physical or mental condition that prevents you from passing these tests, check the box on your application to claim exemption. Describe why in the "Further Information" section on page 22. Include a letter from a doctor with your application.
Depression and other conditions that respond to treatment are usually not enough to claim exemption.
No other exemptions apply, even if you used one for your settlement application.
1-7. Pass the Life in the UK test.
This test has 24 multiple choice questions on UK traditions, history, law, and values. You must get 18 of these right in 45 minutes. To schedule the test for a £50 fee, visit this government website. After taking the test, wait in the building until you receive a graded copy of the test and a letter confirming that you passed. You'll need to attach this letter to your application. If you passed the test already as part of your application for settlement, you may attach the old letter instead of taking the test again.
The official study guide is called Life in the United Kingdom: A Journey to Citizenship.
The photo ID you bring to the test must be the same one you use for your citizenship application. Write the exact name from your ID on the test. You will also need proof of your address.
1-8. Prove your proficiency in English, Welsh, or Scottish Gaelic.
You can prove your English proficiency by passing an English test through the Home Office at level B1 CEFR or higher. There are two B1 tests that you can take: the IELTS Skills Test or the Trinity Grade 5 test. Alternatively, contact UK NARIC to request the necessary documents to prove that your degree earned in English-taught courses meets this requirement. Finally, a passport from a country with majority English speakers will usually meet this requirement.
If you plan to meet this requirement in Welsh or Gaelic instead, include a cover letter describing your proficiency in the language.
1-9. Have two people fill out the referee section.
As described on the form, one of these must be a British citizen. The other can be any nationality, but should have some professional standing, such as a civil servant position or a membership in a professional organization. Read the other requirements on the form carefully and find two people who qualify.
1-10. Fill out the remainder of the form.
This includes personal information, contact details, and employment information. Follow the instructions on the form to attach any applicable documents. All applicants should include a biometric residence permit or a waiver of the BRP; you should have one of these from your application of settlement.
1-11. Send the form.
If you are in the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, or most other countries, send the application to "Department 1 / UKVI / The Capital / New Hall Place / Liverpool / L3 9PP". If you are in a British overseas territory, send the application to the governor.
Include a fee along with the form. For up-to-date information on how much the fee is, refer to this web page.
1-12. Attend the citizenship ceremony.
You will typically receive a response within six months. If your application was accepted, the response will tell you who to contact to schedule the ceremony. You must attend a citizenship ceremony within 90 days to receive citizenship. At the ceremony, you will swear an oath of allegiance to the sovereign and pledge your loyalty to the UK.
2. As the Partner of a British Citizen
2-1. Confirm your marriage or civil partnership.
To qualify for these more lenient requirements, include the following documents in your application:
Your partner's current UK passport, or a copy of every page of the passport (including blank ones), or his or her registration or naturalisation certificate proving citizenship.
The marriage certificate or civil partnership certificate. If you have a different type of official partnership, or if you are part of a homosexual couple in a country that does not recognize your partnership, you may still meet these requirements. Contact the UK Visas and Immigration office for advice.
2-2. Live in the UK for three years.
To qualify for citizenship, you must have entered the UK at least three years ago, and lived here for most of the past three years. You are allowed 270 days of absence over this period, but up to 300 days may be overlooked. If you have a family and home in the UK, and your application meets all other requirements, this number may increase:
Up to 450 days over the past three years if you have four years of residency, or up to 540 days if you have five years of residency. A compelling reason for absence (travel for UK armed forces or UK business) may replace the residency requirements.
2-3. When you can skip the residency requirement.
You do not need to meet this requirement if your spouse or civil partner works for the UK government, or in designated service. This includes service with certain groups not directly under the UK government, such as the British Red Cross, a member of the Council of Voluntary Welfare Work, or NATO.
2-4. Complete the rest of the form as usual.
Apart from these differences, the application for citizenship is the same as for foreigners living in the UK. Fill out Form AN and attach any additional documents or extra information according to the instructions. If you have any questions, refer to the instructions above for foreigners living in the UK.
3. As a British National or the Child of a UK Citizen
3-1. Find out if you're already a British national.
A British national can hold a UK passport but does not have the automatic right to live and work in the UK. There are quite a few laws that grant British nationality to citizens of current and former overseas British territories, and to people born in those territories who would otherwise be stateless. In some cases the spouse or child of a national may also be able to apply for nationality. If you're not sure whether you qualify for British nationality, contact the UK Visas and Immigration office.
3-2. Fill out the relevant form as a British national.
If you are a British national, you usually qualify to fill out a simpler citizenship application form. You can find these forms at https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/uk-visa-forms#citizenship. Choose a form based on your status:
B(OTA) if you have another citizenship.
B(OS) if you have no other citizenship.
S1, S2, or S3 if you are a stateless person. (See form instructions to find out which form applies to you.)
EM if you are a resident of Hong Kong and were a resident on 4 February 1997.
RS1 if you previously renounced UK citizenship.
UKM (mother) or UKF (father) if you had a British parent but do not have citizenship due to laws at the time of your birth.
3-3. Know if you qualify as a child under 18.
You can register as a citizen if you are below this age and qualify for one of these reasons:
If one of your parents has or acquired indefinite leave since you were born, apply with form MN1.
If neither parent is a UK citizen or here on indefinite leave, but you lived in the UK from birth until the age of 10, apply with form T.
If at least one parent was a UK citizen at the time of your birth, or was here on indefinite leave, you are automatically a citizen. There is no need to apply.
3-4. Contact UKVI for other situations.
If none of the above instructions describe your situation, but you have some other connection to the UK, contact the UK Visas and Immigration Office. There are many corner cases that may make you a British national. The office of the Home Secretary also has the ability to grant citizenship to anyone under 18, so a compelling case may allow you to bypass the official requirements.
Most people 18 or older must apply using the regular process for foreigners living in the UK (see above).
Warnings
Time spent in the UK when you were exempt from immigration control does not count toward the UK residency requirement. This includes visits as a diplomat or a member of visiting armed forces.[21]
X
Trustworthy Source
Official UK government website
Official website for the public sector of the UK government
Go to source
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:00",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. As a Foreigner Living in the UK\\n1-1. Print a copy of the application form.\\nThe UK government provides a copy of this form on their website. It is called Form AN, or Application for naturalisation as a British citizen. You can also request this form at many local government offices, such as a city or county council.\\nIf the council offers a nationality checking service, you can pay a fee to have someone check your form for errors.\\n1-2. Receive indefinite leave to stay in the UK.\\nIndefinite leave, also called settlement, means there is no restriction on how long you can stay in the country. In order to receive citizenship, you must have spent at least the last 12 months under indefinite leave. You must also plan to continue living in the UK. \\nTo see whether you can apply for indefinite leave, visit this interactive gov.uk web page. The requirements vary depending on your type of visa.\\nIf you are a citizen of a country in the European Economic Area or Switzerland, you will need a permanent resident card or another document that proves permanent residence.\\n1-3. Live in the UK for at least five years.\\nTo pass this requirement automatically, you must have entered the UK as a resident (or entered the UK armed forces) at least five years ago, and spent no more than 450 days of the past five years outside the country. The UK government will often overlook total absences up to 480 days.\\nUp to 730 days may be allowed if you have a family and home in the UK, your application meets all other requirements, and you have lived in the UK at least seven years.\\nUp to 900 days may be allowed if you meet the same criteria but have lived in the UK at least eight years, or if the absences occurred due to you or your spouse or civil partner serving in the UK armed forces, or due to business travel for a UK job.\\n1-4. Count your absences over the past year.\\nOfficially your time outside the country over the past 365 days should total no more than 90 days, but up to 100 days is usually not a problem. Up to 179 days may be allowed if:\\nYou have a family and home in the UK\\nand either meet every other requirement in the application.\\nor have a compelling reason for your absence (e.g. UK business travel, UK armed forces).\\nExceptions for 180 days and above are rare, and require all three of the criteria above.\\n1-5. Meet the age and good character requirements.\\nYou must be at least eighteen years old to apply for naturalised citizenship. You are also required to answer all the questions in section 3 of the application form, \\\"Good Character\\\". Note that these questions apply to events in any country, not just the UK, and include all civil and criminal penalties including minor traffic offenses. If you answer yes to any of these questions, describe the events in detail in the space at the end of the section, and on additional sheets if needed. Serious crimes or unresolved bankruptcy usually lead to a rejected application. \\nIf you have court endorsements on your UK driving license, print a copy of your record and attach it to your application.\\nYou do not need to describe family legal proceedings such as divorce. However, you must mention offences committed by your children, as well as any court orders against them.\\n1-6. Check for exemptions on the next requirements.\\nIf you are over 65, you do not need to pass the life in the UK test, or prove your English proficiency. If you are under 65 but have a long-term physical or mental condition that prevents you from passing these tests, check the box on your application to claim exemption. Describe why in the \\\"Further Information\\\" section on page 22. Include a letter from a doctor with your application.\\nDepression and other conditions that respond to treatment are usually not enough to claim exemption.\\nNo other exemptions apply, even if you used one for your settlement application.\\n1-7. Pass the Life in the UK test.\\nThis test has 24 multiple choice questions on UK traditions, history, law, and values. You must get 18 of these right in 45 minutes. To schedule the test for a £50 fee, visit this government website. After taking the test, wait in the building until you receive a graded copy of the test and a letter confirming that you passed. You'll need to attach this letter to your application. If you passed the test already as part of your application for settlement, you may attach the old letter instead of taking the test again.\\nThe official study guide is called Life in the United Kingdom: A Journey to Citizenship.\\nThe photo ID you bring to the test must be the same one you use for your citizenship application. Write the exact name from your ID on the test. You will also need proof of your address.\\n1-8. Prove your proficiency in English, Welsh, or Scottish Gaelic.\\nYou can prove your English proficiency by passing an English test through the Home Office at level B1 CEFR or higher. There are two B1 tests that you can take: the IELTS Skills Test or the Trinity Grade 5 test. Alternatively, contact UK NARIC to request the necessary documents to prove that your degree earned in English-taught courses meets this requirement. Finally, a passport from a country with majority English speakers will usually meet this requirement. \\nIf you plan to meet this requirement in Welsh or Gaelic instead, include a cover letter describing your proficiency in the language.\\n1-9. Have two people fill out the referee section.\\nAs described on the form, one of these must be a British citizen. The other can be any nationality, but should have some professional standing, such as a civil servant position or a membership in a professional organization. Read the other requirements on the form carefully and find two people who qualify.\\n1-10. Fill out the remainder of the form.\\nThis includes personal information, contact details, and employment information. Follow the instructions on the form to attach any applicable documents. All applicants should include a biometric residence permit or a waiver of the BRP; you should have one of these from your application of settlement.\\n1-11. Send the form.\\nIf you are in the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, or most other countries, send the application to \\\"Department 1 / UKVI / The Capital / New Hall Place / Liverpool / L3 9PP\\\". If you are in a British overseas territory, send the application to the governor. \\nInclude a fee along with the form. For up-to-date information on how much the fee is, refer to this web page.\\n1-12. Attend the citizenship ceremony.\\nYou will typically receive a response within six months. If your application was accepted, the response will tell you who to contact to schedule the ceremony. You must attend a citizenship ceremony within 90 days to receive citizenship. At the ceremony, you will swear an oath of allegiance to the sovereign and pledge your loyalty to the UK.\\n2. As the Partner of a British Citizen\\n2-1. Confirm your marriage or civil partnership.\\nTo qualify for these more lenient requirements, include the following documents in your application: \\nYour partner's current UK passport, or a copy of every page of the passport (including blank ones), or his or her registration or naturalisation certificate proving citizenship.\\nThe marriage certificate or civil partnership certificate. If you have a different type of official partnership, or if you are part of a homosexual couple in a country that does not recognize your partnership, you may still meet these requirements. Contact the UK Visas and Immigration office for advice.\\n2-2. Live in the UK for three years.\\nTo qualify for citizenship, you must have entered the UK at least three years ago, and lived here for most of the past three years. You are allowed 270 days of absence over this period, but up to 300 days may be overlooked. If you have a family and home in the UK, and your application meets all other requirements, this number may increase:\\nUp to 450 days over the past three years if you have four years of residency, or up to 540 days if you have five years of residency. A compelling reason for absence (travel for UK armed forces or UK business) may replace the residency requirements.\\n2-3. When you can skip the residency requirement.\\nYou do not need to meet this requirement if your spouse or civil partner works for the UK government, or in designated service. This includes service with certain groups not directly under the UK government, such as the British Red Cross, a member of the Council of Voluntary Welfare Work, or NATO.\\n2-4. Complete the rest of the form as usual.\\nApart from these differences, the application for citizenship is the same as for foreigners living in the UK. Fill out Form AN and attach any additional documents or extra information according to the instructions. If you have any questions, refer to the instructions above for foreigners living in the UK.\\n3. As a British National or the Child of a UK Citizen\\n3-1. Find out if you're already a British national.\\nA British national can hold a UK passport but does not have the automatic right to live and work in the UK. There are quite a few laws that grant British nationality to citizens of current and former overseas British territories, and to people born in those territories who would otherwise be stateless. In some cases the spouse or child of a national may also be able to apply for nationality. If you're not sure whether you qualify for British nationality, contact the UK Visas and Immigration office.\\n3-2. Fill out the relevant form as a British national.\\nIf you are a British national, you usually qualify to fill out a simpler citizenship application form. You can find these forms at https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/uk-visa-forms#citizenship. Choose a form based on your status:\\nB(OTA) if you have another citizenship.\\nB(OS) if you have no other citizenship.\\nS1, S2, or S3 if you are a stateless person. (See form instructions to find out which form applies to you.)\\nEM if you are a resident of Hong Kong and were a resident on 4 February 1997.\\nRS1 if you previously renounced UK citizenship.\\nUKM (mother) or UKF (father) if you had a British parent but do not have citizenship due to laws at the time of your birth.\\n3-3. Know if you qualify as a child under 18.\\nYou can register as a citizen if you are below this age and qualify for one of these reasons:\\nIf one of your parents has or acquired indefinite leave since you were born, apply with form MN1.\\nIf neither parent is a UK citizen or here on indefinite leave, but you lived in the UK from birth until the age of 10, apply with form T.\\nIf at least one parent was a UK citizen at the time of your birth, or was here on indefinite leave, you are automatically a citizen. There is no need to apply.\\n3-4. Contact UKVI for other situations.\\nIf none of the above instructions describe your situation, but you have some other connection to the UK, contact the UK Visas and Immigration Office. There are many corner cases that may make you a British national. The office of the Home Secretary also has the ability to grant citizenship to anyone under 18, so a compelling case may allow you to bypass the official requirements.\\nMost people 18 or older must apply using the regular process for foreigners living in the UK (see above).\\nWarnings\\nTime spent in the UK when you were exempt from immigration control does not count toward the UK residency requirement. This includes visits as a diplomat or a member of visiting armed forces.[21]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nOfficial UK government website\\nOfficial website for the public sector of the UK government\\nGo to source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"There are many paths to citizenship in the United Kingdom. Most Anglophiles (people fascinated with England) will have to go through several stages of immigration and spend at least a few years in the UK. You may be able to speed up the process if you have a connection to the UK through a spouse, parent, or citizenship in a current or former UK territory.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"As a Foreigner Living in the UK\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Print a copy of the application form.\", \"描述\": \"The UK government provides a copy of this form on their website. It is called Form AN, or Application for naturalisation as a British citizen. You can also request this form at many local government offices, such as a city or county council.\\nIf the council offers a nationality checking service, you can pay a fee to have someone check your form for errors.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Receive indefinite leave to stay in the UK.\", \"描述\": \"Indefinite leave, also called settlement, means there is no restriction on how long you can stay in the country. In order to receive citizenship, you must have spent at least the last 12 months under indefinite leave. You must also plan to continue living in the UK. \\nTo see whether you can apply for indefinite leave, visit this interactive gov.uk web page. The requirements vary depending on your type of visa.\\nIf you are a citizen of a country in the European Economic Area or Switzerland, you will need a permanent resident card or another document that proves permanent residence.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Live in the UK for at least five years.\", \"描述\": \"To pass this requirement automatically, you must have entered the UK as a resident (or entered the UK armed forces) at least five years ago, and spent no more than 450 days of the past five years outside the country. The UK government will often overlook total absences up to 480 days.\\nUp to 730 days may be allowed if you have a family and home in the UK, your application meets all other requirements, and you have lived in the UK at least seven years.\\nUp to 900 days may be allowed if you meet the same criteria but have lived in the UK at least eight years, or if the absences occurred due to you or your spouse or civil partner serving in the UK armed forces, or due to business travel for a UK job.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Count your absences over the past year.\", \"描述\": \"Officially your time outside the country over the past 365 days should total no more than 90 days, but up to 100 days is usually not a problem. Up to 179 days may be allowed if:\\nYou have a family and home in the UK\\nand either meet every other requirement in the application.\\nor have a compelling reason for your absence (e.g. UK business travel, UK armed forces).\\nExceptions for 180 days and above are rare, and require all three of the criteria above.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Meet the age and good character requirements.\", \"描述\": \"You must be at least eighteen years old to apply for naturalised citizenship. You are also required to answer all the questions in section 3 of the application form, \\\"Good Character\\\". Note that these questions apply to events in any country, not just the UK, and include all civil and criminal penalties including minor traffic offenses. If you answer yes to any of these questions, describe the events in detail in the space at the end of the section, and on additional sheets if needed. Serious crimes or unresolved bankruptcy usually lead to a rejected application. \\nIf you have court endorsements on your UK driving license, print a copy of your record and attach it to your application.\\nYou do not need to describe family legal proceedings such as divorce. However, you must mention offences committed by your children, as well as any court orders against them.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Check for exemptions on the next requirements.\", \"描述\": \"If you are over 65, you do not need to pass the life in the UK test, or prove your English proficiency. If you are under 65 but have a long-term physical or mental condition that prevents you from passing these tests, check the box on your application to claim exemption. Describe why in the \\\"Further Information\\\" section on page 22. Include a letter from a doctor with your application.\\nDepression and other conditions that respond to treatment are usually not enough to claim exemption.\\nNo other exemptions apply, even if you used one for your settlement application.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Pass the Life in the UK test.\", \"描述\": \"This test has 24 multiple choice questions on UK traditions, history, law, and values. You must get 18 of these right in 45 minutes. To schedule the test for a £50 fee, visit this government website. After taking the test, wait in the building until you receive a graded copy of the test and a letter confirming that you passed. You'll need to attach this letter to your application. If you passed the test already as part of your application for settlement, you may attach the old letter instead of taking the test again.\\nThe official study guide is called Life in the United Kingdom: A Journey to Citizenship.\\nThe photo ID you bring to the test must be the same one you use for your citizenship application. Write the exact name from your ID on the test. You will also need proof of your address.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Prove your proficiency in English, Welsh, or Scottish Gaelic.\", \"描述\": \"You can prove your English proficiency by passing an English test through the Home Office at level B1 CEFR or higher. There are two B1 tests that you can take: the IELTS Skills Test or the Trinity Grade 5 test. Alternatively, contact UK NARIC to request the necessary documents to prove that your degree earned in English-taught courses meets this requirement. Finally, a passport from a country with majority English speakers will usually meet this requirement. \\nIf you plan to meet this requirement in Welsh or Gaelic instead, include a cover letter describing your proficiency in the language.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Have two people fill out the referee section.\", \"描述\": \"As described on the form, one of these must be a British citizen. The other can be any nationality, but should have some professional standing, such as a civil servant position or a membership in a professional organization. Read the other requirements on the form carefully and find two people who qualify.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Fill out the remainder of the form.\", \"描述\": \"This includes personal information, contact details, and employment information. Follow the instructions on the form to attach any applicable documents. All applicants should include a biometric residence permit or a waiver of the BRP; you should have one of these from your application of settlement.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Send the form.\", \"描述\": \"If you are in the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, or most other countries, send the application to \\\"Department 1 / UKVI / The Capital / New Hall Place / Liverpool / L3 9PP\\\". If you are in a British overseas territory, send the application to the governor. \\nInclude a fee along with the form. For up-to-date information on how much the fee is, refer to this web page.\"}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Attend the citizenship ceremony.\", \"描述\": \"You will typically receive a response within six months. If your application was accepted, the response will tell you who to contact to schedule the ceremony. You must attend a citizenship ceremony within 90 days to receive citizenship. At the ceremony, you will swear an oath of allegiance to the sovereign and pledge your loyalty to the UK.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"As the Partner of a British Citizen\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Confirm your marriage or civil partnership.\", \"描述\": \"To qualify for these more lenient requirements, include the following documents in your application: \\nYour partner's current UK passport, or a copy of every page of the passport (including blank ones), or his or her registration or naturalisation certificate proving citizenship.\\nThe marriage certificate or civil partnership certificate. If you have a different type of official partnership, or if you are part of a homosexual couple in a country that does not recognize your partnership, you may still meet these requirements. Contact the UK Visas and Immigration office for advice.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Live in the UK for three years.\", \"描述\": \"To qualify for citizenship, you must have entered the UK at least three years ago, and lived here for most of the past three years. You are allowed 270 days of absence over this period, but up to 300 days may be overlooked. If you have a family and home in the UK, and your application meets all other requirements, this number may increase:\\nUp to 450 days over the past three years if you have four years of residency, or up to 540 days if you have five years of residency. A compelling reason for absence (travel for UK armed forces or UK business) may replace the residency requirements.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"When you can skip the residency requirement.\", \"描述\": \"You do not need to meet this requirement if your spouse or civil partner works for the UK government, or in designated service. This includes service with certain groups not directly under the UK government, such as the British Red Cross, a member of the Council of Voluntary Welfare Work, or NATO.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Complete the rest of the form as usual.\", \"描述\": \"Apart from these differences, the application for citizenship is the same as for foreigners living in the UK. Fill out Form AN and attach any additional documents or extra information according to the instructions. If you have any questions, refer to the instructions above for foreigners living in the UK.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"As a British National or the Child of a UK Citizen\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find out if you're already a British national.\", \"描述\": \"A British national can hold a UK passport but does not have the automatic right to live and work in the UK. There are quite a few laws that grant British nationality to citizens of current and former overseas British territories, and to people born in those territories who would otherwise be stateless. In some cases the spouse or child of a national may also be able to apply for nationality. If you're not sure whether you qualify for British nationality, contact the UK Visas and Immigration office.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fill out the relevant form as a British national.\", \"描述\": \"If you are a British national, you usually qualify to fill out a simpler citizenship application form. You can find these forms at https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/uk-visa-forms#citizenship. Choose a form based on your status:\\nB(OTA) if you have another citizenship.\\nB(OS) if you have no other citizenship.\\nS1, S2, or S3 if you are a stateless person. (See form instructions to find out which form applies to you.)\\nEM if you are a resident of Hong Kong and were a resident on 4 February 1997.\\nRS1 if you previously renounced UK citizenship.\\nUKM (mother) or UKF (father) if you had a British parent but do not have citizenship due to laws at the time of your birth.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know if you qualify as a child under 18.\", \"描述\": \"You can register as a citizen if you are below this age and qualify for one of these reasons:\\nIf one of your parents has or acquired indefinite leave since you were born, apply with form MN1.\\nIf neither parent is a UK citizen or here on indefinite leave, but you lived in the UK from birth until the age of 10, apply with form T.\\nIf at least one parent was a UK citizen at the time of your birth, or was here on indefinite leave, you are automatically a citizen. There is no need to apply.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Contact UKVI for other situations.\", \"描述\": \"If none of the above instructions describe your situation, but you have some other connection to the UK, contact the UK Visas and Immigration Office. There are many corner cases that may make you a British national. The office of the Home Secretary also has the ability to grant citizenship to anyone under 18, so a compelling case may allow you to bypass the official requirements.\\nMost people 18 or older must apply using the regular process for foreigners living in the UK (see above).\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Time spent in the UK when you were exempt from immigration control does not count toward the UK residency requirement. This includes visits as a diplomat or a member of visiting armed forces.[21]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nOfficial UK government website\\nOfficial website for the public sector of the UK government\\nGo to source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,847 |
How to Become a UK Police Officer
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1. Meeting the Basic Requirements
1-1. Be over the age of 18 in order to apply.
Police officers need to be a minimum age of 18 before they can apply to join a police force. Wait until after your 18th birthday and after you finish high school to be considered for a police program.
There is no maximum age range for becoming a police officer, but many officers will retire around 60.
1-2. Have a valid UK driver’s license.
Many police forces require you to have a driver’s license so you can use a car and travel to emergencies. Be sure to take driving lessons and pass your driving test so you can get your license. Get comfortable driving around your area so you’re familiar with your community.
1-3. Live in the UK for at least three years continuously before applying.
If you aren’t native to the UK, then you need to live there for at least three years before a police force will consider your application. Maintain proof of residency so you can show how long you’ve lived there if you’re asked. After three years, you’ll able to submit an application.
If you aren’t a citizen of the UK, you must either become a citizen or be a Foreign National without restrictions on your stay.
You may still be eligible to become a police officer if you were out of the country working for the UK government or traveling with the Armed Forces.
1-4. Make sure you have a clean criminal record.
Obey the law and maintain good standing with your community so you can apply for a position. Avoid using illegal drugs, being intoxicated, or associating with criminals. Be a good role model for others so people look up to you when you do become a police officer.
If you have any criminal records, you must declare them in your application to see if you are still able to join the police force.
1-5. Stay physically fit.
Police officers must pass a medical and fitness exam before they get a job. Exercise regularly and eat healthy so you can maintain peak physical fitness. Develop a fitness plan that includes running and strength training so you’re fit for the job.
Look for exercises that can help boost your reflexes since you need to have a quick reaction time as an officer.
2. Getting an Education
2-1. Focus on English, math, and physical education courses in secondary school.
While you’re still in school, pay close attention to English and math courses since you’ll use them frequently in police work. Pay attention to writing and public speaking so you can communicate efficiently. Continue physical education courses so you can stay fit for any fitness examinations you’ll have for the police force.
Other subjects you can focus on include foreign language and religious studies so you can communicate with others.
2-2. Pass your GCSEs
The GCSEs are exams you can take in secondary school. GCSEs cover multiple subjects and determine your knowledge level for university or job placement. Study hard and read through GCSE practice books to prepare for the tests. Focus during the tests so you can get 9-4 grades to be considered for the police force.
Try to limit distractions while you’re studying for the GCSEs so you don’t lose any focus.
2-3. Get a 3-year policing degree from a university.
Some universities offer 3-year programs that go over the basics of police procedure and prepare you for the job. Apply to a school that has a policing program so you can get a formal education and background. Some of your courses will include criminal law, police operations and processes, and criminology. Be sure to focus on your studies so you can pass your classes!
Avoid going to any parties where there could be illegal drugs or activities while you’re in school.
2-4. Try an apprenticeship to get on-the-job experience.
Many police forces will offer an apprenticeship-degree program where you can get experience while also attending policing classes. Contact your local police force to see if they offer the apprenticeship program. If they are, fill out the application completely and submit it to see if you’ve been accepted.
Apprenticeships allow you to earn money from the police force while you earn your degree.
3. Applying for an Officer Position
3-1. Submit a complete application form to the police force.
Choose a police force that you want to work for and locate the application online. Check if you need to fill it out by hand or if you can complete it digitally. Read the application thoroughly so you don’t miss any rules or requirements that you need. If you need to fill the application out by hand, write legibly so the force you’re applying to can read your application easily.
Some applications may be online while others may need to be printed off and mailed to the force you’re applying for.
Different sections of the application may require different-colored ink, so be sure you change pens as needed.
3-2. Visit an assessment center to complete written tests.
If your application is accepted, go to your nearest police assessment center to take the next exams. Assessment centers will conduct written exams about core concepts of policing as well as physical exercises. Listen to the instructors at the center carefully to pass all of the exams.
You can find basic competency packets online so you can study before the written exams.
A written exam will give you a basic police situation, such as conflict management, where you need to suggest ways to resolve the problem.
You may also be asked to take a competency questionnaire to assess your skills.
3-3. Practice basic policing and physical exercises at the assessment center.
During the same day as your written exams, you will be asked to complete physical fitness tests, such as upper body strength and endurance. After the physical tests, the instructors will give you situational police exercises that you must complete.
Policing exercises may include role-playing situations, such as handling an altercation at a pub.
Assessment centers also conduct medical and drug tests to make sure you’re healthy enough to be a police officer.
In total, the assessment center will take about 3 hours to complete all exams and tests.
3-4. Nail the core competencies interview.
Many core competency interviews will ask you to talk about a time where you demonstrated your abilities. Answer each question fully and honestly so the officers know you’re a good candidate. Maintain a friendly and open attitude to leave a good impression with the interviewer. When you’re finished, thank the interviewer and tell them you’re eager to hear back from them.
Some questions you may get during your interview include, “What values do you think are important for a police officer?” or “What is a specific example of a task you’ve done that you’re proud of?”
3-5. Accept a position at a police station.
Once you pass all of the examinations from the assessment center, you can start working for the police force you applied for. At first, you’ll have a 2-year probationary period so you can learn how the force and station work. After that time, you can start ranking up or apply to specialist units.
There are no set hours for working as a police officer. Be prepared to work rotating morning, day, and night shifts.
Tips
See if your police department has a volunteer program so you can develop a good connection with officers before you apply.
Warnings
You are not eligible for becoming a police officer if you’ve committed violent crimes, have been to prison, or were convicted for drug-related charges.
Policing is a stressful job since you are possibly putting yourself in danger while you’re working.
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{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:00",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Meeting the Basic Requirements\\n1-1. Be over the age of 18 in order to apply.\\nPolice officers need to be a minimum age of 18 before they can apply to join a police force. Wait until after your 18th birthday and after you finish high school to be considered for a police program.\\nThere is no maximum age range for becoming a police officer, but many officers will retire around 60.\\n1-2. Have a valid UK driver’s license.\\nMany police forces require you to have a driver’s license so you can use a car and travel to emergencies. Be sure to take driving lessons and pass your driving test so you can get your license. Get comfortable driving around your area so you’re familiar with your community.\\n1-3. Live in the UK for at least three years continuously before applying.\\nIf you aren’t native to the UK, then you need to live there for at least three years before a police force will consider your application. Maintain proof of residency so you can show how long you’ve lived there if you’re asked. After three years, you’ll able to submit an application.\\nIf you aren’t a citizen of the UK, you must either become a citizen or be a Foreign National without restrictions on your stay.\\nYou may still be eligible to become a police officer if you were out of the country working for the UK government or traveling with the Armed Forces.\\n1-4. Make sure you have a clean criminal record.\\nObey the law and maintain good standing with your community so you can apply for a position. Avoid using illegal drugs, being intoxicated, or associating with criminals. Be a good role model for others so people look up to you when you do become a police officer.\\nIf you have any criminal records, you must declare them in your application to see if you are still able to join the police force.\\n1-5. Stay physically fit.\\nPolice officers must pass a medical and fitness exam before they get a job. Exercise regularly and eat healthy so you can maintain peak physical fitness. Develop a fitness plan that includes running and strength training so you’re fit for the job.\\nLook for exercises that can help boost your reflexes since you need to have a quick reaction time as an officer.\\n2. Getting an Education\\n2-1. Focus on English, math, and physical education courses in secondary school.\\nWhile you’re still in school, pay close attention to English and math courses since you’ll use them frequently in police work. Pay attention to writing and public speaking so you can communicate efficiently. Continue physical education courses so you can stay fit for any fitness examinations you’ll have for the police force.\\nOther subjects you can focus on include foreign language and religious studies so you can communicate with others.\\n2-2. Pass your GCSEs\\nThe GCSEs are exams you can take in secondary school. GCSEs cover multiple subjects and determine your knowledge level for university or job placement. Study hard and read through GCSE practice books to prepare for the tests. Focus during the tests so you can get 9-4 grades to be considered for the police force.\\nTry to limit distractions while you’re studying for the GCSEs so you don’t lose any focus.\\n2-3. Get a 3-year policing degree from a university.\\nSome universities offer 3-year programs that go over the basics of police procedure and prepare you for the job. Apply to a school that has a policing program so you can get a formal education and background. Some of your courses will include criminal law, police operations and processes, and criminology. Be sure to focus on your studies so you can pass your classes!\\nAvoid going to any parties where there could be illegal drugs or activities while you’re in school.\\n2-4. Try an apprenticeship to get on-the-job experience.\\nMany police forces will offer an apprenticeship-degree program where you can get experience while also attending policing classes. Contact your local police force to see if they offer the apprenticeship program. If they are, fill out the application completely and submit it to see if you’ve been accepted.\\nApprenticeships allow you to earn money from the police force while you earn your degree.\\n3. Applying for an Officer Position\\n3-1. Submit a complete application form to the police force.\\nChoose a police force that you want to work for and locate the application online. Check if you need to fill it out by hand or if you can complete it digitally. Read the application thoroughly so you don’t miss any rules or requirements that you need. If you need to fill the application out by hand, write legibly so the force you’re applying to can read your application easily.\\nSome applications may be online while others may need to be printed off and mailed to the force you’re applying for.\\nDifferent sections of the application may require different-colored ink, so be sure you change pens as needed.\\n3-2. Visit an assessment center to complete written tests.\\nIf your application is accepted, go to your nearest police assessment center to take the next exams. Assessment centers will conduct written exams about core concepts of policing as well as physical exercises. Listen to the instructors at the center carefully to pass all of the exams.\\nYou can find basic competency packets online so you can study before the written exams.\\nA written exam will give you a basic police situation, such as conflict management, where you need to suggest ways to resolve the problem.\\nYou may also be asked to take a competency questionnaire to assess your skills.\\n3-3. Practice basic policing and physical exercises at the assessment center.\\nDuring the same day as your written exams, you will be asked to complete physical fitness tests, such as upper body strength and endurance. After the physical tests, the instructors will give you situational police exercises that you must complete.\\nPolicing exercises may include role-playing situations, such as handling an altercation at a pub.\\nAssessment centers also conduct medical and drug tests to make sure you’re healthy enough to be a police officer.\\nIn total, the assessment center will take about 3 hours to complete all exams and tests.\\n3-4. Nail the core competencies interview.\\nMany core competency interviews will ask you to talk about a time where you demonstrated your abilities. Answer each question fully and honestly so the officers know you’re a good candidate. Maintain a friendly and open attitude to leave a good impression with the interviewer. When you’re finished, thank the interviewer and tell them you’re eager to hear back from them.\\nSome questions you may get during your interview include, “What values do you think are important for a police officer?” or “What is a specific example of a task you’ve done that you’re proud of?”\\n3-5. Accept a position at a police station.\\nOnce you pass all of the examinations from the assessment center, you can start working for the police force you applied for. At first, you’ll have a 2-year probationary period so you can learn how the force and station work. After that time, you can start ranking up or apply to specialist units.\\nThere are no set hours for working as a police officer. Be prepared to work rotating morning, day, and night shifts.\\nTips\\nSee if your police department has a volunteer program so you can develop a good connection with officers before you apply.\\nWarnings\\nYou are not eligible for becoming a police officer if you’ve committed violent crimes, have been to prison, or were convicted for drug-related charges.\\nPolicing is a stressful job since you are possibly putting yourself in danger while you’re working.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you want to protect other citizens, investigate crimes, and help maintain the peace, being a police officer may be the right job for you. Policing helps you connect with your local community and make a difference in your area. If you live in the UK and want to be a police officer, you need to meet basic requirements and get an education in policing before you apply. With perseverance and hard work, you can be a police officer.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Basic Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be over the age of 18 in order to apply.\", \"描述\": \"Police officers need to be a minimum age of 18 before they can apply to join a police force. Wait until after your 18th birthday and after you finish high school to be considered for a police program.\\nThere is no maximum age range for becoming a police officer, but many officers will retire around 60.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Have a valid UK driver’s license.\", \"描述\": \"Many police forces require you to have a driver’s license so you can use a car and travel to emergencies. Be sure to take driving lessons and pass your driving test so you can get your license. Get comfortable driving around your area so you’re familiar with your community.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Live in the UK for at least three years continuously before applying.\", \"描述\": \"If you aren’t native to the UK, then you need to live there for at least three years before a police force will consider your application. Maintain proof of residency so you can show how long you’ve lived there if you’re asked. After three years, you’ll able to submit an application.\\nIf you aren’t a citizen of the UK, you must either become a citizen or be a Foreign National without restrictions on your stay.\\nYou may still be eligible to become a police officer if you were out of the country working for the UK government or traveling with the Armed Forces.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make sure you have a clean criminal record.\", \"描述\": \"Obey the law and maintain good standing with your community so you can apply for a position. Avoid using illegal drugs, being intoxicated, or associating with criminals. Be a good role model for others so people look up to you when you do become a police officer.\\nIf you have any criminal records, you must declare them in your application to see if you are still able to join the police force.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Stay physically fit.\", \"描述\": \"Police officers must pass a medical and fitness exam before they get a job. Exercise regularly and eat healthy so you can maintain peak physical fitness. Develop a fitness plan that includes running and strength training so you’re fit for the job.\\nLook for exercises that can help boost your reflexes since you need to have a quick reaction time as an officer.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting an Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Focus on English, math, and physical education courses in secondary school.\", \"描述\": \"While you’re still in school, pay close attention to English and math courses since you’ll use them frequently in police work. Pay attention to writing and public speaking so you can communicate efficiently. Continue physical education courses so you can stay fit for any fitness examinations you’ll have for the police force.\\nOther subjects you can focus on include foreign language and religious studies so you can communicate with others.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pass your GCSEs\", \"描述\": \"The GCSEs are exams you can take in secondary school. GCSEs cover multiple subjects and determine your knowledge level for university or job placement. Study hard and read through GCSE practice books to prepare for the tests. Focus during the tests so you can get 9-4 grades to be considered for the police force.\\nTry to limit distractions while you’re studying for the GCSEs so you don’t lose any focus.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a 3-year policing degree from a university.\", \"描述\": \"Some universities offer 3-year programs that go over the basics of police procedure and prepare you for the job. Apply to a school that has a policing program so you can get a formal education and background. Some of your courses will include criminal law, police operations and processes, and criminology. Be sure to focus on your studies so you can pass your classes!\\nAvoid going to any parties where there could be illegal drugs or activities while you’re in school.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Try an apprenticeship to get on-the-job experience.\", \"描述\": \"Many police forces will offer an apprenticeship-degree program where you can get experience while also attending policing classes. Contact your local police force to see if they offer the apprenticeship program. If they are, fill out the application completely and submit it to see if you’ve been accepted.\\nApprenticeships allow you to earn money from the police force while you earn your degree.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Applying for an Officer Position\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Submit a complete application form to the police force.\", \"描述\": \"Choose a police force that you want to work for and locate the application online. Check if you need to fill it out by hand or if you can complete it digitally. Read the application thoroughly so you don’t miss any rules or requirements that you need. If you need to fill the application out by hand, write legibly so the force you’re applying to can read your application easily.\\nSome applications may be online while others may need to be printed off and mailed to the force you’re applying for.\\nDifferent sections of the application may require different-colored ink, so be sure you change pens as needed.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Visit an assessment center to complete written tests.\", \"描述\": \"If your application is accepted, go to your nearest police assessment center to take the next exams. Assessment centers will conduct written exams about core concepts of policing as well as physical exercises. Listen to the instructors at the center carefully to pass all of the exams.\\nYou can find basic competency packets online so you can study before the written exams.\\nA written exam will give you a basic police situation, such as conflict management, where you need to suggest ways to resolve the problem.\\nYou may also be asked to take a competency questionnaire to assess your skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice basic policing and physical exercises at the assessment center.\", \"描述\": \"During the same day as your written exams, you will be asked to complete physical fitness tests, such as upper body strength and endurance. After the physical tests, the instructors will give you situational police exercises that you must complete.\\nPolicing exercises may include role-playing situations, such as handling an altercation at a pub.\\nAssessment centers also conduct medical and drug tests to make sure you’re healthy enough to be a police officer.\\nIn total, the assessment center will take about 3 hours to complete all exams and tests.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Nail the core competencies interview.\", \"描述\": \"Many core competency interviews will ask you to talk about a time where you demonstrated your abilities. Answer each question fully and honestly so the officers know you’re a good candidate. Maintain a friendly and open attitude to leave a good impression with the interviewer. When you’re finished, thank the interviewer and tell them you’re eager to hear back from them.\\nSome questions you may get during your interview include, “What values do you think are important for a police officer?” or “What is a specific example of a task you’ve done that you’re proud of?”\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Accept a position at a police station.\", \"描述\": \"Once you pass all of the examinations from the assessment center, you can start working for the police force you applied for. At first, you’ll have a 2-year probationary period so you can learn how the force and station work. After that time, you can start ranking up or apply to specialist units.\\nThere are no set hours for working as a police officer. Be prepared to work rotating morning, day, and night shifts.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"See if your police department has a volunteer program so you can develop a good connection with officers before you apply.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"You are not eligible for becoming a police officer if you’ve committed violent crimes, have been to prison, or were convicted for drug-related charges.\\n\", \"Policing is a stressful job since you are possibly putting yourself in danger while you’re working.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,848 |
How to Become a UK Resident
|
1. Becoming a Resident as a Non-EEA National
1-1. Apply for a family permit to get settlement status.
If you have a close or extended relative who is an EEA or Swiss national who has gotten settlement status and has been living in the UK for at least 6 months, you can first become a short-term resident with a family permit. Then, after 6 months of residency with a family permit, you will be able to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.
Close relatives include spouses or civil partners, children and grandchildren under 21 years old, a dependent child or grandchild of any age, or a dependent parent or grandparent. Extended relatives include siblings, aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, or nieces.
To apply for a family permit, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/eu-settlement-scheme-family-permit.
1-2. Request to retain your right of residence if you’ve had a family permit.
If you formerly had the right to reside in the UK with a family permit, but your relative has died or you are divorced from your former spouse or civil partner, you can apply to retain your right to residence in the UK. Retained rights of residence are decided on a case-by-case basis, depending on the circumstances in which your relationship with your former EEA relative ended.
To apply to retain your right of residence, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/retained-rights-of-residence.
1-3. Get a biometric residence permit if you don’t have any EEA relatives.
If neither you or any of your relatives are EEA or Swiss nationals, you can apply to become a UK resident with a biometric residence permit. This permit allows you to live in the UK longer than the 6 months permitted by most visas, and/or settle in the UK permanently.
Those eligible for a biometric residence permit include people living in the UK for work, school, or another reason deemed acceptable by the UK government.
Biometric residence permits are given on a case-by-case basis. Furthermore, the UK government may limit the conditions of your residency, as well as limit your access to public funds such as health benefits and services.
Biometric information needed for the application includes your name, date, place of birth, fingerprints, scanned photo of your face, and signature.
To apply for a biometric residence permit, visit: https://www.gov.uk/browse/visas-immigration.
1-4. Claim asylum if you want to stay in the UK as a refugee.
If you have left your home country and cannot go back because you fear persecution, you may be able to obtain residency in the UK as a refugee. While asylum applications generally take 6 months, you can arrive in the UK as soon as it is safe for you to do so, and remain while your application is being decided.
After filing an application for asylum, you will be required to complete an asylum interview with a caseworker, and meet with an immigration officer regularly.
In most cases, you will not be able to work in the UK until your asylum application has been approved.
In the UK, children can apply for asylum without an adult.
For more on the process of claiming asylum in the UK, visit: https://www.gov.uk/claim-asylum.
2. Getting Residency as an EEA or Swiss National
2-1. Apply for permanent residence if you’ve maintained the right to reside.
If you are an EEA or Swiss national who participates in a “qualifying activity,” you have the right to reside in the UK without a residence card. If you plan to apply for British citizenship or want to legally confirm your permanent residency in the UK, you can apply for an EEA residence card after you’ve maintained the right to reside in the UK and participated in a “qualifying activity” continuously for 5 years.
“Qualifying activities” include employment, actively seeking employment, studying as a student, self-employment, and maintaining economic self-sufficiency.
To apply for an EEA permanent residency card, visit: https://www.gov.uk/permanent-residence-document-eu-eea.
2-2. Get a ‘Surinder Singh’ application if you live with a British citizen.
If you have lived with a family member who is a British citizen outside the UK but in the EEA and want to return to the UK with that family member, you can submit a ‘Surinder Singh’ application for UK residency. In order to be eligible, your family member will need to prove that they were in the non-UK EEA country legally, and that while there, they were working or studying.
Upon returning to the UK, your family member must continue to work, look for work, be self-employed, study, or be economically self-sufficient in order for your residency to remain eligible.
Eligible family members include your spouse or civil partner, parent or grandparent, or child or grandchild.
To apply for ‘Surinder Singh’ residency, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/surinder-singh.
2-3. Get derivative residence if you are a resident or citizen’s caretaker.
If you are an EEA national and you are the primary caretaker of someone who has UK residency or is a citizen, you can apply to become a UK resident with a derivative residence card. You may also qualify for a derivative residence card if you are a primary caretaker’s child, or if you are the child of a former worker from the EEA and you are in school or university in the UK.
Derivative residence cards are valid as long as you remain eligible.
Time spent in the UK with a derivative residence card does not count towards time needed to apply for permanent residency.
In order to receive a derivative residence card, you have to be inside UK borders and apply with the UK Border Agency. To contact the UK Border Agency, visit: https://www.gov.uk/contact-ukvi-inside-outside-uk.
2-4. Get residency through family if you are from a Commonwealth country.
If you are a citizen of a UK Commonwealth country and have a parent who is a UK citizen, or if you are married to a UK citizen, you can apply for permanent residency in the UK. While most children of UK citizens from Commonwealth countries are permitted, spouse and civil partner applications are decided on a case-by-case basis.
Spouse and civil partner applications are largely dependent on the applicant’s financial situation, as well as evidence provided to prove the marriage or partnership is legal and genuine.
To see the complete list of Commonwealth countries, visit: http://thecommonwealth.org/member-countries.
2-5. Apply for residency through the UK ancestry route.
If you are a Commonwealth citizen and you have a UK-born grandparent, you may be able to obtain UK residency by proving your ancestry. In order to qualify, you will need to have lived in the UK continuously for 5 years, and have legally entered the country under the ancestry route. If you entered the UK with any other type of visas or permit, you will not be eligible even if you can prove your ancestry.
To apply for a UK ancestry visa, visit: https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa.
2-6. Apply for the EU Settlement Scheme to remain in the UK after Brexit.
If you are an EU, EEA, or Swiss national living in the UK, you will likely need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme in order to maintain your residency in the UK after June 30, 2021. This will ensure that you will be able to maintain your residency even if the UK leaves the EU without a deal in place.
The conditions of the UK’s exit from the EU are still being worked out. Applying for the settlement scheme will help you maintain your residency regardless of the conditions that are agreed upon in the coming years.
You are eligible for settled status if you started living in the UK before December 31, 2020, and/or you’ve lived in the UK continuously for 5 years.
To apply for the EU Settlement Scheme, visit: https://www.gov.uk/settled-status-eu-citizens-families/applying-for-settled-status.
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{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:00",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Becoming a Resident as a Non-EEA National\\n1-1. Apply for a family permit to get settlement status.\\nIf you have a close or extended relative who is an EEA or Swiss national who has gotten settlement status and has been living in the UK for at least 6 months, you can first become a short-term resident with a family permit. Then, after 6 months of residency with a family permit, you will be able to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\\nClose relatives include spouses or civil partners, children and grandchildren under 21 years old, a dependent child or grandchild of any age, or a dependent parent or grandparent. Extended relatives include siblings, aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, or nieces.\\nTo apply for a family permit, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/eu-settlement-scheme-family-permit.\\n1-2. Request to retain your right of residence if you’ve had a family permit.\\nIf you formerly had the right to reside in the UK with a family permit, but your relative has died or you are divorced from your former spouse or civil partner, you can apply to retain your right to residence in the UK. Retained rights of residence are decided on a case-by-case basis, depending on the circumstances in which your relationship with your former EEA relative ended.\\nTo apply to retain your right of residence, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/retained-rights-of-residence.\\n1-3. Get a biometric residence permit if you don’t have any EEA relatives.\\nIf neither you or any of your relatives are EEA or Swiss nationals, you can apply to become a UK resident with a biometric residence permit. This permit allows you to live in the UK longer than the 6 months permitted by most visas, and/or settle in the UK permanently.\\nThose eligible for a biometric residence permit include people living in the UK for work, school, or another reason deemed acceptable by the UK government.\\nBiometric residence permits are given on a case-by-case basis. Furthermore, the UK government may limit the conditions of your residency, as well as limit your access to public funds such as health benefits and services.\\nBiometric information needed for the application includes your name, date, place of birth, fingerprints, scanned photo of your face, and signature.\\nTo apply for a biometric residence permit, visit: https://www.gov.uk/browse/visas-immigration.\\n1-4. Claim asylum if you want to stay in the UK as a refugee.\\nIf you have left your home country and cannot go back because you fear persecution, you may be able to obtain residency in the UK as a refugee. While asylum applications generally take 6 months, you can arrive in the UK as soon as it is safe for you to do so, and remain while your application is being decided.\\nAfter filing an application for asylum, you will be required to complete an asylum interview with a caseworker, and meet with an immigration officer regularly.\\nIn most cases, you will not be able to work in the UK until your asylum application has been approved.\\nIn the UK, children can apply for asylum without an adult.\\nFor more on the process of claiming asylum in the UK, visit: https://www.gov.uk/claim-asylum.\\n2. Getting Residency as an EEA or Swiss National\\n2-1. Apply for permanent residence if you’ve maintained the right to reside.\\nIf you are an EEA or Swiss national who participates in a “qualifying activity,” you have the right to reside in the UK without a residence card. If you plan to apply for British citizenship or want to legally confirm your permanent residency in the UK, you can apply for an EEA residence card after you’ve maintained the right to reside in the UK and participated in a “qualifying activity” continuously for 5 years.\\n“Qualifying activities” include employment, actively seeking employment, studying as a student, self-employment, and maintaining economic self-sufficiency.\\nTo apply for an EEA permanent residency card, visit: https://www.gov.uk/permanent-residence-document-eu-eea.\\n2-2. Get a ‘Surinder Singh’ application if you live with a British citizen.\\nIf you have lived with a family member who is a British citizen outside the UK but in the EEA and want to return to the UK with that family member, you can submit a ‘Surinder Singh’ application for UK residency. In order to be eligible, your family member will need to prove that they were in the non-UK EEA country legally, and that while there, they were working or studying.\\nUpon returning to the UK, your family member must continue to work, look for work, be self-employed, study, or be economically self-sufficient in order for your residency to remain eligible.\\nEligible family members include your spouse or civil partner, parent or grandparent, or child or grandchild.\\nTo apply for ‘Surinder Singh’ residency, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/surinder-singh.\\n2-3. Get derivative residence if you are a resident or citizen’s caretaker.\\nIf you are an EEA national and you are the primary caretaker of someone who has UK residency or is a citizen, you can apply to become a UK resident with a derivative residence card. You may also qualify for a derivative residence card if you are a primary caretaker’s child, or if you are the child of a former worker from the EEA and you are in school or university in the UK.\\nDerivative residence cards are valid as long as you remain eligible.\\nTime spent in the UK with a derivative residence card does not count towards time needed to apply for permanent residency.\\nIn order to receive a derivative residence card, you have to be inside UK borders and apply with the UK Border Agency. To contact the UK Border Agency, visit: https://www.gov.uk/contact-ukvi-inside-outside-uk.\\n2-4. Get residency through family if you are from a Commonwealth country.\\nIf you are a citizen of a UK Commonwealth country and have a parent who is a UK citizen, or if you are married to a UK citizen, you can apply for permanent residency in the UK. While most children of UK citizens from Commonwealth countries are permitted, spouse and civil partner applications are decided on a case-by-case basis.\\nSpouse and civil partner applications are largely dependent on the applicant’s financial situation, as well as evidence provided to prove the marriage or partnership is legal and genuine.\\nTo see the complete list of Commonwealth countries, visit: http://thecommonwealth.org/member-countries.\\n2-5. Apply for residency through the UK ancestry route.\\nIf you are a Commonwealth citizen and you have a UK-born grandparent, you may be able to obtain UK residency by proving your ancestry. In order to qualify, you will need to have lived in the UK continuously for 5 years, and have legally entered the country under the ancestry route. If you entered the UK with any other type of visas or permit, you will not be eligible even if you can prove your ancestry.\\nTo apply for a UK ancestry visa, visit: https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa.\\n2-6. Apply for the EU Settlement Scheme to remain in the UK after Brexit.\\nIf you are an EU, EEA, or Swiss national living in the UK, you will likely need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme in order to maintain your residency in the UK after June 30, 2021. This will ensure that you will be able to maintain your residency even if the UK leaves the EU without a deal in place.\\nThe conditions of the UK’s exit from the EU are still being worked out. Applying for the settlement scheme will help you maintain your residency regardless of the conditions that are agreed upon in the coming years.\\nYou are eligible for settled status if you started living in the UK before December 31, 2020, and/or you’ve lived in the UK continuously for 5 years.\\nTo apply for the EU Settlement Scheme, visit: https://www.gov.uk/settled-status-eu-citizens-families/applying-for-settled-status.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The United Kingdom is a culturally and environmentally diverse country that is, for many, a very desirable place to live. Becoming a UK resident allows you to live, work, and study in the UK without the usual immigration restrictions while still holding foreign citizenship. If you’re not an EEA or Swiss national, the type of residency you can obtain will depend on your relatives, your specific reasons for wanting to live in the UK, and your home country. If you are a European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss national, you can become a UK resident by living in the UK and participating in qualifying activities, or by living with a British citizen as a relative or caretaker.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Resident as a Non-EEA National\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Apply for a family permit to get settlement status.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a close or extended relative who is an EEA or Swiss national who has gotten settlement status and has been living in the UK for at least 6 months, you can first become a short-term resident with a family permit. Then, after 6 months of residency with a family permit, you will be able to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\\nClose relatives include spouses or civil partners, children and grandchildren under 21 years old, a dependent child or grandchild of any age, or a dependent parent or grandparent. Extended relatives include siblings, aunts, uncles, cousins, nephews, or nieces.\\nTo apply for a family permit, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/eu-settlement-scheme-family-permit.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Request to retain your right of residence if you’ve had a family permit.\", \"描述\": \"If you formerly had the right to reside in the UK with a family permit, but your relative has died or you are divorced from your former spouse or civil partner, you can apply to retain your right to residence in the UK. Retained rights of residence are decided on a case-by-case basis, depending on the circumstances in which your relationship with your former EEA relative ended.\\nTo apply to retain your right of residence, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/retained-rights-of-residence.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a biometric residence permit if you don’t have any EEA relatives.\", \"描述\": \"If neither you or any of your relatives are EEA or Swiss nationals, you can apply to become a UK resident with a biometric residence permit. This permit allows you to live in the UK longer than the 6 months permitted by most visas, and/or settle in the UK permanently.\\nThose eligible for a biometric residence permit include people living in the UK for work, school, or another reason deemed acceptable by the UK government.\\nBiometric residence permits are given on a case-by-case basis. Furthermore, the UK government may limit the conditions of your residency, as well as limit your access to public funds such as health benefits and services.\\nBiometric information needed for the application includes your name, date, place of birth, fingerprints, scanned photo of your face, and signature.\\nTo apply for a biometric residence permit, visit: https://www.gov.uk/browse/visas-immigration.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Claim asylum if you want to stay in the UK as a refugee.\", \"描述\": \"If you have left your home country and cannot go back because you fear persecution, you may be able to obtain residency in the UK as a refugee. While asylum applications generally take 6 months, you can arrive in the UK as soon as it is safe for you to do so, and remain while your application is being decided.\\nAfter filing an application for asylum, you will be required to complete an asylum interview with a caseworker, and meet with an immigration officer regularly.\\nIn most cases, you will not be able to work in the UK until your asylum application has been approved.\\nIn the UK, children can apply for asylum without an adult.\\nFor more on the process of claiming asylum in the UK, visit: https://www.gov.uk/claim-asylum.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Residency as an EEA or Swiss National\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Apply for permanent residence if you’ve maintained the right to reside.\", \"描述\": \"If you are an EEA or Swiss national who participates in a “qualifying activity,” you have the right to reside in the UK without a residence card. If you plan to apply for British citizenship or want to legally confirm your permanent residency in the UK, you can apply for an EEA residence card after you’ve maintained the right to reside in the UK and participated in a “qualifying activity” continuously for 5 years.\\n“Qualifying activities” include employment, actively seeking employment, studying as a student, self-employment, and maintaining economic self-sufficiency.\\nTo apply for an EEA permanent residency card, visit: https://www.gov.uk/permanent-residence-document-eu-eea.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a ‘Surinder Singh’ application if you live with a British citizen.\", \"描述\": \"If you have lived with a family member who is a British citizen outside the UK but in the EEA and want to return to the UK with that family member, you can submit a ‘Surinder Singh’ application for UK residency. In order to be eligible, your family member will need to prove that they were in the non-UK EEA country legally, and that while there, they were working or studying.\\nUpon returning to the UK, your family member must continue to work, look for work, be self-employed, study, or be economically self-sufficient in order for your residency to remain eligible.\\nEligible family members include your spouse or civil partner, parent or grandparent, or child or grandchild.\\nTo apply for ‘Surinder Singh’ residency, visit: https://www.gov.uk/family-permit/surinder-singh.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get derivative residence if you are a resident or citizen’s caretaker.\", \"描述\": \"If you are an EEA national and you are the primary caretaker of someone who has UK residency or is a citizen, you can apply to become a UK resident with a derivative residence card. You may also qualify for a derivative residence card if you are a primary caretaker’s child, or if you are the child of a former worker from the EEA and you are in school or university in the UK.\\nDerivative residence cards are valid as long as you remain eligible.\\nTime spent in the UK with a derivative residence card does not count towards time needed to apply for permanent residency.\\nIn order to receive a derivative residence card, you have to be inside UK borders and apply with the UK Border Agency. To contact the UK Border Agency, visit: https://www.gov.uk/contact-ukvi-inside-outside-uk.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get residency through family if you are from a Commonwealth country.\", \"描述\": \"If you are a citizen of a UK Commonwealth country and have a parent who is a UK citizen, or if you are married to a UK citizen, you can apply for permanent residency in the UK. While most children of UK citizens from Commonwealth countries are permitted, spouse and civil partner applications are decided on a case-by-case basis.\\nSpouse and civil partner applications are largely dependent on the applicant’s financial situation, as well as evidence provided to prove the marriage or partnership is legal and genuine.\\nTo see the complete list of Commonwealth countries, visit: http://thecommonwealth.org/member-countries.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Apply for residency through the UK ancestry route.\", \"描述\": \"If you are a Commonwealth citizen and you have a UK-born grandparent, you may be able to obtain UK residency by proving your ancestry. In order to qualify, you will need to have lived in the UK continuously for 5 years, and have legally entered the country under the ancestry route. If you entered the UK with any other type of visas or permit, you will not be eligible even if you can prove your ancestry.\\nTo apply for a UK ancestry visa, visit: https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Apply for the EU Settlement Scheme to remain in the UK after Brexit.\", \"描述\": \"If you are an EU, EEA, or Swiss national living in the UK, you will likely need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme in order to maintain your residency in the UK after June 30, 2021. This will ensure that you will be able to maintain your residency even if the UK leaves the EU without a deal in place.\\nThe conditions of the UK’s exit from the EU are still being worked out. Applying for the settlement scheme will help you maintain your residency regardless of the conditions that are agreed upon in the coming years.\\nYou are eligible for settled status if you started living in the UK before December 31, 2020, and/or you’ve lived in the UK continuously for 5 years.\\nTo apply for the EU Settlement Scheme, visit: https://www.gov.uk/settled-status-eu-citizens-families/applying-for-settled-status.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,849 |
How to Become a US Citizen
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1. Becoming a Naturalized Citizen
1-1. Obtain a green card.
Before you can become a naturalized citizen, you need to become a legal permanent resident. This is called getting your “green card.” You can get a green card in the following ways:
Green card through your family. A family member in the United States can sponsor you. If your family member is a U.S. citizen, then they can sponsor their spouse, unmarried children under twenty-one years of age, and parents. They can also sponsor siblings, married children, and unmarried children over twenty-one years of age.
Green card through your job. If you have an offer of permanent employment, you are eligible to petition to get a green card. Others with exceptional ability can petition themselves and don’t need an employer to sponsor them.
Green card as a refugee or asylum seeker. Refugees and asylum seekers in the United States for one year may petition for a green card.
1-2. Satisfy residency requirements.
You need to live in the United States for a certain amount of time before you apply for naturalization. Check that you satisfy the following:
You must have been lawfully admitted into the U.S.
You must demonstrate continuous residence in the U.S. for at least five years immediately before you file for naturalization. For example, if you want to apply in January 2018, you must have been a resident since January 2013.
You must have been physically present in the U.S. for at least thirty months during those five years.
You must prove you have lived for at least three months in the state or USCIS district where you apply.
1-3. Meet personal requirements.
You must also meet certain personal requirements, such as the following:
You must be at least eighteen years old when you file your application to become naturalized.
You should be able to speak, write, and read in English. You will have to pass an exam to demonstrate your proficiency in the language.
You must be a person of good moral character. Essentially, this means you are an upstanding member of society who works, pays their taxes, and doesn’t break the law.
1-4. Submit your naturalization application.
Download Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, and either type the requested information or print neatly in black ink. Be sure to download and read the instructions ahead of time.
You will have to submit supporting documents along with your application. Read the instructions to find out what to supply. For example, you must supply a copy of your permanent resident card.
As of June 2017, the filing fee is $640. You also need to pay a biometric service fee of $85. Make your check or money order payable to “U.S. Department of Homeland Security.” Don’t use other initials.
To find out where to file, call 1-800-375-5283.
1-5. Give biometrics.
Most applicants will need to give their fingerprints, photograph, and signature. USCIS will notify you if you do. They will send a notice with the date, time, and location of your appointment.
Your fingerprints will be sent to the FBI for a background check.
Make sure to pick up your study booklet to prepare for your English and civics tests.
1-6. Prepare for your tests.
You’ll attend an interview, where a USCIS officer will question you about your background and application. You will also take your English and civics test at the interview. You should prepare for the tests carefully.
Think about attending an English or citizenship preparation class. To find your nearest class, visit this website: https://my.uscis.gov/findaclass.
You can also take practice civics tests, which are available online.
1-7. Attend your interview.
You will receive notice in the mail telling you the date and time for your interview. At the interview, you will take the English and citizenship tests. If you speak English well enough in the interview, you might not need to sit the English test.
Gather required documents ahead of time. A checklist should be sent to you (Form 477).
1-8. Swear an oath.
The final step is to swear the Oath of Allegiance. You’ll receive Form 455, which will tell you where and when to take the oath. You must answer the questions on the back of this form and review them with an officer when you attend your naturalization ceremony.
At the end of the ceremony, you will receive your certificate of naturalization.
2. Gaining Citizenship Through Marriage
2-1. Obtain a green card through your spouse.
Your spouse should submit Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative to USCIS. Your spouse will need to submit proof of the marriage, such as a marriage certificate.
If you’re already living in the U.S. after entering legally, then you can adjust your status at the same time. Complete and submit Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residency or Adjust Status. Your spouse can submit this form along with Form I-130.
If you’re currently living outside the U.S., then you’ll need to wait for your visa to be approved. You’ll attend an interview at the nearest embassy or consulate. Once admitted into the U.S., you can adjust your status by filing Form I-485.
2-2. Talk about your marriage in an interview.
The U.S. government is worried about sham marriages, so you can expect to attend an interview where an official will ask personal questions. Common questions include the following:
Where did you meet your spouse?
How many people attended your wedding?
Who does the cooking and who pays the bills?
What did you do for your spouse’s birthday?
What forms of birth control do you use?
2-3. Satisfy the residency requirements.
You can’t immediately apply for naturalization after receiving your green card. Instead, you must meet the following residency requirements:
You must have been a green card holder for the three years immediately before you apply for naturalization.
You must have been a continuous resident for the three years before you apply and have been physically present in the U.S. for at least eighteen months.
You must have lived in a marriage with your U.S. citizen spouse during the three years. Your spouse must have been a citizen during the entire time.
You must have lived within the state or USCIS district for at least three months before you file your application.
2-4. Meet other personal requirements.
In addition to residency, you need to show that you have other personal characteristics to be eligible. Check that you satisfy the following:
You must be at least eighteen years of age.
You must be able to write, read, and speak English.
You need to be a person of good moral character. Generally, this means you haven’t broken a serious law and that you meet your legal obligations, such as paying taxes and child support.
You must have entered the country legally. For example, you can’t be in the United States illegally and get citizenship simply because you married a citizen.
2-5. Submit your naturalization application.
Once you have satisfied the residency requirement, you can submit Form 400, Application for Naturalization. Download and read the instructions before completing the application, available here: https://www.uscis.gov/n-400. When you are ready to file, call 1-800-375-5283 to find out the address.
Read the instructions to find out what documents you must submit along with your application.
Make payment to “U.S. Department of Homeland Security.” As of June 2017, the filing fee is $640 and the biometric fee is $85. You can pay using money order or check.
2-6. Give fingerprints.
USCIS will send you a notice telling you where to give your fingerprints and when. USCIS needs your fingerprints so that the FBI can run a background check.
2-7. Attend an interview.
You’ll need to meet with immigration officials to go over your application. USCIS is looking to confirm that your application is legitimate and that nothing has changed since you submitted it. You’ll receive a checklist of documents to take with you to the interview, so gather everything ahead of time.
2-8. Take your tests.
You must pass exams in civics and English. You will take them at your interview, and you should prepare as much as possible. For example, look to see if a preparation class is offered near you for either test. You can find the nearest classes at this website: https://my.uscis.gov/findaclass. Enter your zip code.
Several practice civics tests are available here: https://my.uscis.gov/prep/test/civics.
2-9. Attend your naturalization ceremony.
The final step is to swear the Oath of Allegiance at your naturalization ceremony. Form 455 will tell you when and where the ceremony will take place. At the end of the ceremony, you’ll receive your certificate of naturalization.
3. Obtaining Citizenship Through Parents
3-1. Be born to U.S. citizens.
You will automatically become a U.S. citizen even if you are born outside the United States if both of your parents are U.S. citizens at the time of birth and are married to each other. At least one parent must have lived in the U.S. or a territory before the child’s birth.
3-2. Have one parent as a U.S. citizen.
A child can also automatically qualify as a U.S. citizen at birth if one parent is a U.S. citizen, provided the parents are both married to each other. This parent must have been present in a state or territory for at least five years in their life before the child is born.
The parent also must have spent at least two of those years in a state/territory after they were aged fourteen.
The child must have been born on or after November 14, 1986.
There are some other circumstances, which you can read about at the USCIS website.
3-3. Qualify even if your parents are unmarried.
A child can automatically qualify as a citizen at birth if their parents are unmarried. Consider the following situations:
The mother is a U.S. citizen at the time of birth and the mother has been physically present in the U.S. or an outlying territory for at least one year.
The genetic father is a U.S. citizen at the time of birth. The child’s mother can be an alien. However, you must prove with clear and convincing evidence that the father is the child's biological father, and he must agree in writing to provide financial support for the child until they are eighteen years of age. The father also must have been living in the United States for a certain amount of time.
3-4. Earn citizenship after birth.
A child can automatically qualify for citizenship if they were born after February 27, 2001 and meet the following requirements:
One parent must be a U.S. citizen.
The child must be under eighteen years of age.
The child should reside in the United States.
The parent who is the U.S. citizen must have legal and physical custody of the child.
If the child was born before February 27, 2001, then different requirements apply.
3-5. Become a citizen by adoption.
A child living legally in the U.S. with parents who have legal and physical custody can become a citizen by virtue of their adoption. One of the following conditions must be met:
The parents adopted the child before the child’s sixteenth birthday and reside with the child in the U.S. for at least two years.
Alternately, the child was admitted into the U.S. as an orphan (IR-3) or Convention adoptee (IH-3) and the adoption was completed outside the U.S. The child must have been adopted before their eighteenth birthday.
The child was admitted into the country as an orphan (IR-4) or Convention adoptee (IH-4) who arrived to be adopted. The child must have been adopted before their eighteenth birthday.
4. Becoming a Citizen Through Military Service
4-1. Exercise good moral character.
Good moral character generally means that you don’t break the law and you meet all of your legal obligations, such as paying taxes and making child support payments. If you have a criminal conviction, consult with an immigration attorney.
4-2. Show knowledge of English and U.S. civics.
Members of the military must show that they can read, write, and speak English. They also must show knowledge of U.S. government and history, called civics.
You’ll have to pass exams in both English and civics. You can find information about the exams online.
4-3. Serve in peacetime.
If you served in peacetime, you can apply for naturalization if you meet the following requirements:
Serve honorably for at least one year.
Obtain a green card.
File an application while still in service or within six months of separation.
4-4. Serve during wartime.
The requirements are different if you are serving during a period of hostilities. The U.S. has currently been in such a period since 2002, and it will last until the President designates that it is over. In this situation, all members of the military can immediately apply to become naturalized.
4-5. Apply for citizenship.
Every installation should have a person to contact. They will usually be in personnel or the Judge Advocate General’s Office. You will need to complete Form N-400 and Form N-426. Contact them and receive a packet of information. Your filing fee is waived.
USCIS has customer service specialists who can answer questions from military members and their families. Call 1-877-247-4645 Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 4:00 pm.
You can also email [email protected].
4-6. Swear an oath.
Before you can become a citizen, you must show attachment to the U.S. Constitution by swearing an oath of allegiance.
Warnings
If you have criminal convictions, consult with an immigration attorney to see if you can pursue becoming a citizen.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:00",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Becoming a Naturalized Citizen\\n1-1. Obtain a green card.\\nBefore you can become a naturalized citizen, you need to become a legal permanent resident. This is called getting your “green card.” You can get a green card in the following ways:\\nGreen card through your family. A family member in the United States can sponsor you. If your family member is a U.S. citizen, then they can sponsor their spouse, unmarried children under twenty-one years of age, and parents. They can also sponsor siblings, married children, and unmarried children over twenty-one years of age.\\nGreen card through your job. If you have an offer of permanent employment, you are eligible to petition to get a green card. Others with exceptional ability can petition themselves and don’t need an employer to sponsor them.\\nGreen card as a refugee or asylum seeker. Refugees and asylum seekers in the United States for one year may petition for a green card.\\n1-2. Satisfy residency requirements.\\nYou need to live in the United States for a certain amount of time before you apply for naturalization. Check that you satisfy the following:\\nYou must have been lawfully admitted into the U.S.\\nYou must demonstrate continuous residence in the U.S. for at least five years immediately before you file for naturalization. For example, if you want to apply in January 2018, you must have been a resident since January 2013.\\nYou must have been physically present in the U.S. for at least thirty months during those five years.\\nYou must prove you have lived for at least three months in the state or USCIS district where you apply.\\n1-3. Meet personal requirements.\\nYou must also meet certain personal requirements, such as the following:\\nYou must be at least eighteen years old when you file your application to become naturalized.\\nYou should be able to speak, write, and read in English. You will have to pass an exam to demonstrate your proficiency in the language.\\nYou must be a person of good moral character. Essentially, this means you are an upstanding member of society who works, pays their taxes, and doesn’t break the law.\\n1-4. Submit your naturalization application.\\nDownload Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, and either type the requested information or print neatly in black ink. Be sure to download and read the instructions ahead of time.\\nYou will have to submit supporting documents along with your application. Read the instructions to find out what to supply. For example, you must supply a copy of your permanent resident card.\\nAs of June 2017, the filing fee is $640. You also need to pay a biometric service fee of $85. Make your check or money order payable to “U.S. Department of Homeland Security.” Don’t use other initials.\\nTo find out where to file, call 1-800-375-5283.\\n1-5. Give biometrics.\\nMost applicants will need to give their fingerprints, photograph, and signature. USCIS will notify you if you do. They will send a notice with the date, time, and location of your appointment.\\nYour fingerprints will be sent to the FBI for a background check.\\nMake sure to pick up your study booklet to prepare for your English and civics tests.\\n1-6. Prepare for your tests.\\nYou’ll attend an interview, where a USCIS officer will question you about your background and application. You will also take your English and civics test at the interview. You should prepare for the tests carefully.\\nThink about attending an English or citizenship preparation class. To find your nearest class, visit this website: https://my.uscis.gov/findaclass.\\nYou can also take practice civics tests, which are available online.\\n1-7. Attend your interview.\\nYou will receive notice in the mail telling you the date and time for your interview. At the interview, you will take the English and citizenship tests. If you speak English well enough in the interview, you might not need to sit the English test.\\nGather required documents ahead of time. A checklist should be sent to you (Form 477).\\n1-8. Swear an oath.\\nThe final step is to swear the Oath of Allegiance. You’ll receive Form 455, which will tell you where and when to take the oath. You must answer the questions on the back of this form and review them with an officer when you attend your naturalization ceremony.\\nAt the end of the ceremony, you will receive your certificate of naturalization.\\n2. Gaining Citizenship Through Marriage\\n2-1. Obtain a green card through your spouse.\\nYour spouse should submit Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative to USCIS. Your spouse will need to submit proof of the marriage, such as a marriage certificate.\\nIf you’re already living in the U.S. after entering legally, then you can adjust your status at the same time. Complete and submit Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residency or Adjust Status. Your spouse can submit this form along with Form I-130.\\nIf you’re currently living outside the U.S., then you’ll need to wait for your visa to be approved. You’ll attend an interview at the nearest embassy or consulate. Once admitted into the U.S., you can adjust your status by filing Form I-485.\\n2-2. Talk about your marriage in an interview.\\nThe U.S. government is worried about sham marriages, so you can expect to attend an interview where an official will ask personal questions. Common questions include the following:\\nWhere did you meet your spouse?\\nHow many people attended your wedding?\\nWho does the cooking and who pays the bills?\\nWhat did you do for your spouse’s birthday?\\nWhat forms of birth control do you use?\\n2-3. Satisfy the residency requirements.\\nYou can’t immediately apply for naturalization after receiving your green card. Instead, you must meet the following residency requirements:\\nYou must have been a green card holder for the three years immediately before you apply for naturalization.\\nYou must have been a continuous resident for the three years before you apply and have been physically present in the U.S. for at least eighteen months.\\nYou must have lived in a marriage with your U.S. citizen spouse during the three years. Your spouse must have been a citizen during the entire time.\\nYou must have lived within the state or USCIS district for at least three months before you file your application.\\n2-4. Meet other personal requirements.\\nIn addition to residency, you need to show that you have other personal characteristics to be eligible. Check that you satisfy the following:\\nYou must be at least eighteen years of age.\\nYou must be able to write, read, and speak English.\\nYou need to be a person of good moral character. Generally, this means you haven’t broken a serious law and that you meet your legal obligations, such as paying taxes and child support.\\nYou must have entered the country legally. For example, you can’t be in the United States illegally and get citizenship simply because you married a citizen.\\n2-5. Submit your naturalization application.\\nOnce you have satisfied the residency requirement, you can submit Form 400, Application for Naturalization. Download and read the instructions before completing the application, available here: https://www.uscis.gov/n-400. When you are ready to file, call 1-800-375-5283 to find out the address.\\nRead the instructions to find out what documents you must submit along with your application.\\nMake payment to “U.S. Department of Homeland Security.” As of June 2017, the filing fee is $640 and the biometric fee is $85. You can pay using money order or check.\\n2-6. Give fingerprints.\\nUSCIS will send you a notice telling you where to give your fingerprints and when. USCIS needs your fingerprints so that the FBI can run a background check.\\n2-7. Attend an interview.\\nYou’ll need to meet with immigration officials to go over your application. USCIS is looking to confirm that your application is legitimate and that nothing has changed since you submitted it. You’ll receive a checklist of documents to take with you to the interview, so gather everything ahead of time.\\n2-8. Take your tests.\\nYou must pass exams in civics and English. You will take them at your interview, and you should prepare as much as possible. For example, look to see if a preparation class is offered near you for either test. You can find the nearest classes at this website: https://my.uscis.gov/findaclass. Enter your zip code.\\nSeveral practice civics tests are available here: https://my.uscis.gov/prep/test/civics.\\n2-9. Attend your naturalization ceremony.\\nThe final step is to swear the Oath of Allegiance at your naturalization ceremony. Form 455 will tell you when and where the ceremony will take place. At the end of the ceremony, you’ll receive your certificate of naturalization.\\n3. Obtaining Citizenship Through Parents\\n3-1. Be born to U.S. citizens.\\nYou will automatically become a U.S. citizen even if you are born outside the United States if both of your parents are U.S. citizens at the time of birth and are married to each other. At least one parent must have lived in the U.S. or a territory before the child’s birth.\\n3-2. Have one parent as a U.S. citizen.\\nA child can also automatically qualify as a U.S. citizen at birth if one parent is a U.S. citizen, provided the parents are both married to each other. This parent must have been present in a state or territory for at least five years in their life before the child is born.\\nThe parent also must have spent at least two of those years in a state/territory after they were aged fourteen.\\nThe child must have been born on or after November 14, 1986.\\nThere are some other circumstances, which you can read about at the USCIS website.\\n3-3. Qualify even if your parents are unmarried.\\nA child can automatically qualify as a citizen at birth if their parents are unmarried. Consider the following situations:\\nThe mother is a U.S. citizen at the time of birth and the mother has been physically present in the U.S. or an outlying territory for at least one year.\\nThe genetic father is a U.S. citizen at the time of birth. The child’s mother can be an alien. However, you must prove with clear and convincing evidence that the father is the child's biological father, and he must agree in writing to provide financial support for the child until they are eighteen years of age. The father also must have been living in the United States for a certain amount of time.\\n3-4. Earn citizenship after birth.\\nA child can automatically qualify for citizenship if they were born after February 27, 2001 and meet the following requirements:\\nOne parent must be a U.S. citizen.\\nThe child must be under eighteen years of age.\\nThe child should reside in the United States.\\nThe parent who is the U.S. citizen must have legal and physical custody of the child.\\nIf the child was born before February 27, 2001, then different requirements apply.\\n3-5. Become a citizen by adoption.\\nA child living legally in the U.S. with parents who have legal and physical custody can become a citizen by virtue of their adoption. One of the following conditions must be met:\\nThe parents adopted the child before the child’s sixteenth birthday and reside with the child in the U.S. for at least two years.\\nAlternately, the child was admitted into the U.S. as an orphan (IR-3) or Convention adoptee (IH-3) and the adoption was completed outside the U.S. The child must have been adopted before their eighteenth birthday.\\nThe child was admitted into the country as an orphan (IR-4) or Convention adoptee (IH-4) who arrived to be adopted. The child must have been adopted before their eighteenth birthday.\\n4. Becoming a Citizen Through Military Service\\n4-1. Exercise good moral character.\\nGood moral character generally means that you don’t break the law and you meet all of your legal obligations, such as paying taxes and making child support payments. If you have a criminal conviction, consult with an immigration attorney.\\n4-2. Show knowledge of English and U.S. civics.\\nMembers of the military must show that they can read, write, and speak English. They also must show knowledge of U.S. government and history, called civics.\\nYou’ll have to pass exams in both English and civics. You can find information about the exams online.\\n4-3. Serve in peacetime.\\nIf you served in peacetime, you can apply for naturalization if you meet the following requirements:\\nServe honorably for at least one year.\\nObtain a green card.\\nFile an application while still in service or within six months of separation.\\n4-4. Serve during wartime.\\nThe requirements are different if you are serving during a period of hostilities. The U.S. has currently been in such a period since 2002, and it will last until the President designates that it is over. In this situation, all members of the military can immediately apply to become naturalized.\\n4-5. Apply for citizenship.\\nEvery installation should have a person to contact. They will usually be in personnel or the Judge Advocate General’s Office. You will need to complete Form N-400 and Form N-426. Contact them and receive a packet of information. Your filing fee is waived.\\nUSCIS has customer service specialists who can answer questions from military members and their families. Call 1-877-247-4645 Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 4:00 pm.\\nYou can also email [email protected].\\n4-6. Swear an oath.\\nBefore you can become a citizen, you must show attachment to the U.S. Constitution by swearing an oath of allegiance.\\nWarnings\\nIf you have criminal convictions, consult with an immigration attorney to see if you can pursue becoming a citizen.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Becoming a U.S. citizen is a dream for many, and there are different methods to achieve that. Most people will first apply to become a legal permanent resident and then become a naturalized citizen. However, you can also gain citizenship through marriage, your parents, or military service. If you have questions about becoming a citizen, contact an attorney who specializes in U.S. immigration law.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Naturalized Citizen\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Obtain a green card.\", \"描述\": \"Before you can become a naturalized citizen, you need to become a legal permanent resident. This is called getting your “green card.” You can get a green card in the following ways:\\nGreen card through your family. A family member in the United States can sponsor you. If your family member is a U.S. citizen, then they can sponsor their spouse, unmarried children under twenty-one years of age, and parents. They can also sponsor siblings, married children, and unmarried children over twenty-one years of age.\\nGreen card through your job. If you have an offer of permanent employment, you are eligible to petition to get a green card. Others with exceptional ability can petition themselves and don’t need an employer to sponsor them.\\nGreen card as a refugee or asylum seeker. Refugees and asylum seekers in the United States for one year may petition for a green card.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Satisfy residency requirements.\", \"描述\": \"You need to live in the United States for a certain amount of time before you apply for naturalization. Check that you satisfy the following:\\nYou must have been lawfully admitted into the U.S.\\nYou must demonstrate continuous residence in the U.S. for at least five years immediately before you file for naturalization. For example, if you want to apply in January 2018, you must have been a resident since January 2013.\\nYou must have been physically present in the U.S. for at least thirty months during those five years.\\nYou must prove you have lived for at least three months in the state or USCIS district where you apply.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Meet personal requirements.\", \"描述\": \"You must also meet certain personal requirements, such as the following:\\nYou must be at least eighteen years old when you file your application to become naturalized.\\nYou should be able to speak, write, and read in English. You will have to pass an exam to demonstrate your proficiency in the language.\\nYou must be a person of good moral character. Essentially, this means you are an upstanding member of society who works, pays their taxes, and doesn’t break the law.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Submit your naturalization application.\", \"描述\": \"Download Form N-400, Application for Naturalization, and either type the requested information or print neatly in black ink. Be sure to download and read the instructions ahead of time.\\nYou will have to submit supporting documents along with your application. Read the instructions to find out what to supply. For example, you must supply a copy of your permanent resident card.\\nAs of June 2017, the filing fee is $640. You also need to pay a biometric service fee of $85. Make your check or money order payable to “U.S. Department of Homeland Security.” Don’t use other initials.\\nTo find out where to file, call 1-800-375-5283.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Give biometrics.\", \"描述\": \"Most applicants will need to give their fingerprints, photograph, and signature. USCIS will notify you if you do. They will send a notice with the date, time, and location of your appointment.\\nYour fingerprints will be sent to the FBI for a background check.\\nMake sure to pick up your study booklet to prepare for your English and civics tests.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Prepare for your tests.\", \"描述\": \"You’ll attend an interview, where a USCIS officer will question you about your background and application. You will also take your English and civics test at the interview. You should prepare for the tests carefully.\\nThink about attending an English or citizenship preparation class. To find your nearest class, visit this website: https://my.uscis.gov/findaclass.\\nYou can also take practice civics tests, which are available online.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Attend your interview.\", \"描述\": \"You will receive notice in the mail telling you the date and time for your interview. At the interview, you will take the English and citizenship tests. If you speak English well enough in the interview, you might not need to sit the English test.\\nGather required documents ahead of time. A checklist should be sent to you (Form 477).\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Swear an oath.\", \"描述\": \"The final step is to swear the Oath of Allegiance. You’ll receive Form 455, which will tell you where and when to take the oath. You must answer the questions on the back of this form and review them with an officer when you attend your naturalization ceremony.\\nAt the end of the ceremony, you will receive your certificate of naturalization.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Gaining Citizenship Through Marriage\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Obtain a green card through your spouse.\", \"描述\": \"Your spouse should submit Form I-130, Petition for Alien Relative to USCIS. Your spouse will need to submit proof of the marriage, such as a marriage certificate.\\nIf you’re already living in the U.S. after entering legally, then you can adjust your status at the same time. Complete and submit Form I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residency or Adjust Status. Your spouse can submit this form along with Form I-130.\\nIf you’re currently living outside the U.S., then you’ll need to wait for your visa to be approved. You’ll attend an interview at the nearest embassy or consulate. Once admitted into the U.S., you can adjust your status by filing Form I-485.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Talk about your marriage in an interview.\", \"描述\": \"The U.S. government is worried about sham marriages, so you can expect to attend an interview where an official will ask personal questions. Common questions include the following:\\nWhere did you meet your spouse?\\nHow many people attended your wedding?\\nWho does the cooking and who pays the bills?\\nWhat did you do for your spouse’s birthday?\\nWhat forms of birth control do you use?\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Satisfy the residency requirements.\", \"描述\": \"You can’t immediately apply for naturalization after receiving your green card. Instead, you must meet the following residency requirements:\\nYou must have been a green card holder for the three years immediately before you apply for naturalization.\\nYou must have been a continuous resident for the three years before you apply and have been physically present in the U.S. for at least eighteen months.\\nYou must have lived in a marriage with your U.S. citizen spouse during the three years. Your spouse must have been a citizen during the entire time.\\nYou must have lived within the state or USCIS district for at least three months before you file your application.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Meet other personal requirements.\", \"描述\": \"In addition to residency, you need to show that you have other personal characteristics to be eligible. Check that you satisfy the following:\\nYou must be at least eighteen years of age.\\nYou must be able to write, read, and speak English.\\nYou need to be a person of good moral character. Generally, this means you haven’t broken a serious law and that you meet your legal obligations, such as paying taxes and child support.\\nYou must have entered the country legally. For example, you can’t be in the United States illegally and get citizenship simply because you married a citizen.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Submit your naturalization application.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have satisfied the residency requirement, you can submit Form 400, Application for Naturalization. Download and read the instructions before completing the application, available here: https://www.uscis.gov/n-400. When you are ready to file, call 1-800-375-5283 to find out the address.\\nRead the instructions to find out what documents you must submit along with your application.\\nMake payment to “U.S. Department of Homeland Security.” As of June 2017, the filing fee is $640 and the biometric fee is $85. You can pay using money order or check.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Give fingerprints.\", \"描述\": \"USCIS will send you a notice telling you where to give your fingerprints and when. USCIS needs your fingerprints so that the FBI can run a background check.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Attend an interview.\", \"描述\": \"You’ll need to meet with immigration officials to go over your application. USCIS is looking to confirm that your application is legitimate and that nothing has changed since you submitted it. You’ll receive a checklist of documents to take with you to the interview, so gather everything ahead of time.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Take your tests.\", \"描述\": \"You must pass exams in civics and English. You will take them at your interview, and you should prepare as much as possible. For example, look to see if a preparation class is offered near you for either test. You can find the nearest classes at this website: https://my.uscis.gov/findaclass. Enter your zip code.\\nSeveral practice civics tests are available here: https://my.uscis.gov/prep/test/civics.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Attend your naturalization ceremony.\", \"描述\": \"The final step is to swear the Oath of Allegiance at your naturalization ceremony. Form 455 will tell you when and where the ceremony will take place. At the end of the ceremony, you’ll receive your certificate of naturalization.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Obtaining Citizenship Through Parents\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be born to U.S. citizens.\", \"描述\": \"You will automatically become a U.S. citizen even if you are born outside the United States if both of your parents are U.S. citizens at the time of birth and are married to each other. At least one parent must have lived in the U.S. or a territory before the child’s birth.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Have one parent as a U.S. citizen.\", \"描述\": \"A child can also automatically qualify as a U.S. citizen at birth if one parent is a U.S. citizen, provided the parents are both married to each other. This parent must have been present in a state or territory for at least five years in their life before the child is born.\\nThe parent also must have spent at least two of those years in a state/territory after they were aged fourteen.\\nThe child must have been born on or after November 14, 1986.\\nThere are some other circumstances, which you can read about at the USCIS website.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Qualify even if your parents are unmarried.\", \"描述\": \"A child can automatically qualify as a citizen at birth if their parents are unmarried. Consider the following situations:\\nThe mother is a U.S. citizen at the time of birth and the mother has been physically present in the U.S. or an outlying territory for at least one year.\\nThe genetic father is a U.S. citizen at the time of birth. The child’s mother can be an alien. However, you must prove with clear and convincing evidence that the father is the child's biological father, and he must agree in writing to provide financial support for the child until they are eighteen years of age. The father also must have been living in the United States for a certain amount of time.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Earn citizenship after birth.\", \"描述\": \"A child can automatically qualify for citizenship if they were born after February 27, 2001 and meet the following requirements:\\nOne parent must be a U.S. citizen.\\nThe child must be under eighteen years of age.\\nThe child should reside in the United States.\\nThe parent who is the U.S. citizen must have legal and physical custody of the child.\\nIf the child was born before February 27, 2001, then different requirements apply.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Become a citizen by adoption.\", \"描述\": \"A child living legally in the U.S. with parents who have legal and physical custody can become a citizen by virtue of their adoption. One of the following conditions must be met:\\nThe parents adopted the child before the child’s sixteenth birthday and reside with the child in the U.S. for at least two years.\\nAlternately, the child was admitted into the U.S. as an orphan (IR-3) or Convention adoptee (IH-3) and the adoption was completed outside the U.S. The child must have been adopted before their eighteenth birthday.\\nThe child was admitted into the country as an orphan (IR-4) or Convention adoptee (IH-4) who arrived to be adopted. The child must have been adopted before their eighteenth birthday.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Citizen Through Military Service\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Exercise good moral character.\", \"描述\": \"Good moral character generally means that you don’t break the law and you meet all of your legal obligations, such as paying taxes and making child support payments. If you have a criminal conviction, consult with an immigration attorney.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Show knowledge of English and U.S. civics.\", \"描述\": \"Members of the military must show that they can read, write, and speak English. They also must show knowledge of U.S. government and history, called civics.\\nYou’ll have to pass exams in both English and civics. You can find information about the exams online.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Serve in peacetime.\", \"描述\": \"If you served in peacetime, you can apply for naturalization if you meet the following requirements:\\nServe honorably for at least one year.\\nObtain a green card.\\nFile an application while still in service or within six months of separation.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Serve during wartime.\", \"描述\": \"The requirements are different if you are serving during a period of hostilities. The U.S. has currently been in such a period since 2002, and it will last until the President designates that it is over. In this situation, all members of the military can immediately apply to become naturalized.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Apply for citizenship.\", \"描述\": \"Every installation should have a person to contact. They will usually be in personnel or the Judge Advocate General’s Office. You will need to complete Form N-400 and Form N-426. Contact them and receive a packet of information. Your filing fee is waived.\\nUSCIS has customer service specialists who can answer questions from military members and their families. Call 1-877-247-4645 Monday through Friday, 8:00 am to 4:00 pm.\\nYou can also email [email protected].\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Swear an oath.\", \"描述\": \"Before you can become a citizen, you must show attachment to the U.S. Constitution by swearing an oath of allegiance.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"If you have criminal convictions, consult with an immigration attorney to see if you can pursue becoming a citizen.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,850 |
How to Become a US Marshal
|
1. Preparing to Become a US Marshal
1-1. Know the different law enforcement positions of US Marshals.
Deputy US Marshals, Detention Enforcement Officers (DEOs) and Aviation Enforcement Officers (AEOs) have distinct roles within the USMS.
Deputy US Marshals operate the witness protection program, protect federal judges and courts, apprehend federal fugitives, and perform special operations.
DEOs manage prisoners once they have been apprehended by a Deputy US Marshal or other law enforcement officer. They conduct body searches and transport prisoners on the ground.
AEOs have similar responsibilities to DEOs, but they transport prisoners on planes.
1-2. Have a strong desire to protect the United States.
One of the most important roles of US Marshals is searching for and apprehending fugitives with intent to harm. US Marshals believe in US law and enter extremely high risk situations to protect the country. The following qualities ensure their safety and success:
They have excellent judgement. US Marshals use a combination of careful strategic planning and split-second decision making to fulfill their responsibilities. They are heavily armed, and must be capable of acting rationally under extraordinary pressure.
They are courageous. US Marshals work closely with prisoners whose behavior may be unpredictable. They stand between dangerous fugitives and the federal employees and citizens they are committed to protecting.
They are in top physical shape. US Marshals are often required to run, crouch, physically restrain fugitives, and work in suboptimal conditions, such as extreme heat or cold. They may work for long stretches at a time without getting breaks.
1-3. Meet the basic qualifications of becoming a US Marshal.
The USMS only accepts candidates who meet the following criteria. If you meet these, or will by the time you apply to become a US Marshal, proceed with the required education and experience:
You must be a US Citizen.
You must be between the ages of 21 and 37.
You must be in excellent physical condition.
Have a driver's license and a good driving record.
2. Getting the Required Education and Experience
2-1. Have the right education, experience, or combination of both.
The USMS requires candidates to have a bachelor's degree with superior academic achievement, graduate work in law enforcement or a related field, or three years of applicable work experience.
A combination of education and experience equivalent to the GL-07 level, which is the entry level for the USMS, is also acceptable.
2-2. Consider getting a Bachelor's degree.
There is no requirement regarding majors, but courses in law, criminal justice, sociology and psychology will be helpful when you become a US Marshal.
If your work as an undergraduate is considered to be Superior Academic Achievement, you may end your education there. Superior Academic Achievement means having at least a 3.0 grade point average in every undergraduate course, having a 3.5 grade point average in courses within your major, ranking in the upper one-third of your class or having membership in a national scholastic honor society recognized by the Association of College Honor Societies.
2-3. Consider graduate work.
If you did not attain Superior Academic Achievement as an undergraduate, or if you would like a more specialized education in the field of law enforcement, enter a graduate program in law enforcement, criminal justice, sociology or a related field.
2-4. Get relevant experience.
If you decide not to pursue a Bachelor's or graduate degree, you must have three years' experience to apply to be a Deputy Marshal. Applicants for a position as DEO or AEO must have at least one year of experience regardless of their education level. Experience requirements are different for prospective Deputy Marshals, DEOs and AEOs.
Applicable experience for prospective Deputy Marshals includes experience with firearms, criminal investigation, making arrests, issuing warrants, and writing reports.
Applicable experience for prospective DEOs and AEOs includes conducting searches for prisoners, applying and removing restraints from prisoners, and transporting prisoners.
3. Applying to Become a US Marshal
3-1. Attend an information session.
These sessions are regularly scheduled at various US Marshal District Offices. A list of scheduled sessions can be found the US Marshall official website.
You will receive an application and other paperwork required to apply for USMS training.
Fill out the application and return it to the address you have been given.
You will be contacted if you are selected for an interview.
3-2. Complete the interview process.
The interview and assessment process can take nine to twelve months. In addition to being interviewed, you must submit to an extensive background check.
3-3. Pass the medical exam.
During the nine to twelve months of the application process you will be required to undergo a thorough medical examination.
Qualifications for acceptance include having 20/20 binocular vision, having uncorrected vision of at least 20/200 in each eye, having near vision of at least 20/40, being able to distinguish basic colors and having hearing of 30 decibels or greater in each ear.
Disqualifications include diabetes, disorders where convulsions occur, hernias, orthopedic conditions that affect mobility, stability, flexibility and strength, hypertension and diseases of the heart.
3-4. Pass the physical fitness test.
Prospective US Marshals undergo basic training, so it's important to be physically fit. If you do not pass the test, you will not be accepted into the program.
Categories candidates are rated on include body fat percentage, ability to sit and reach, ability to perform sit-ups and push-ups, and ability to complete a 1.5 mile(2.4 kilometer) run.
Men and women applicants each have different standards by which they are rated.
4. Taking the Final Steps to Become a US Marshal
4-1. Graduate from basic training.
Candidates must attend basic training within 160 days of acceptance into the program. Basic training is a 17 1/2 week training program designed to thoroughly prepare you for a job as a US Marshal.
The training facility is located in Glynco, Georgia.
In addition to physical fitness training, candidates take courses on the following subjects: legal issues, driving and firearms use training, defense tactics, first aid, evidence and procedure as applied in a courtroom, prisoner search and restraint, court security, computer training, officer survival, building search and entry, search and seizure, high threat trials, protective training and surveillance.
4-2. Sign the agreement.
Once training is completed, new US Marshals sign a contract and are dispatched one of 94 districts in the United States. New US Marshals must remain in service at that district for at least three years.
Tips
Don't underestimate the necessity of being physically fit before attending basic training. You will be expected to run up to 10 miles in potentially hot, humid weather.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:00",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing to Become a US Marshal\\n1-1. Know the different law enforcement positions of US Marshals.\\nDeputy US Marshals, Detention Enforcement Officers (DEOs) and Aviation Enforcement Officers (AEOs) have distinct roles within the USMS.\\nDeputy US Marshals operate the witness protection program, protect federal judges and courts, apprehend federal fugitives, and perform special operations.\\nDEOs manage prisoners once they have been apprehended by a Deputy US Marshal or other law enforcement officer. They conduct body searches and transport prisoners on the ground.\\nAEOs have similar responsibilities to DEOs, but they transport prisoners on planes.\\n1-2. Have a strong desire to protect the United States.\\nOne of the most important roles of US Marshals is searching for and apprehending fugitives with intent to harm. US Marshals believe in US law and enter extremely high risk situations to protect the country. The following qualities ensure their safety and success:\\nThey have excellent judgement. US Marshals use a combination of careful strategic planning and split-second decision making to fulfill their responsibilities. They are heavily armed, and must be capable of acting rationally under extraordinary pressure.\\nThey are courageous. US Marshals work closely with prisoners whose behavior may be unpredictable. They stand between dangerous fugitives and the federal employees and citizens they are committed to protecting.\\nThey are in top physical shape. US Marshals are often required to run, crouch, physically restrain fugitives, and work in suboptimal conditions, such as extreme heat or cold. They may work for long stretches at a time without getting breaks.\\n1-3. Meet the basic qualifications of becoming a US Marshal.\\nThe USMS only accepts candidates who meet the following criteria. If you meet these, or will by the time you apply to become a US Marshal, proceed with the required education and experience:\\nYou must be a US Citizen.\\nYou must be between the ages of 21 and 37.\\nYou must be in excellent physical condition.\\nHave a driver's license and a good driving record.\\n2. Getting the Required Education and Experience\\n2-1. Have the right education, experience, or combination of both.\\nThe USMS requires candidates to have a bachelor's degree with superior academic achievement, graduate work in law enforcement or a related field, or three years of applicable work experience.\\nA combination of education and experience equivalent to the GL-07 level, which is the entry level for the USMS, is also acceptable.\\n2-2. Consider getting a Bachelor's degree.\\nThere is no requirement regarding majors, but courses in law, criminal justice, sociology and psychology will be helpful when you become a US Marshal.\\nIf your work as an undergraduate is considered to be Superior Academic Achievement, you may end your education there. Superior Academic Achievement means having at least a 3.0 grade point average in every undergraduate course, having a 3.5 grade point average in courses within your major, ranking in the upper one-third of your class or having membership in a national scholastic honor society recognized by the Association of College Honor Societies.\\n2-3. Consider graduate work.\\nIf you did not attain Superior Academic Achievement as an undergraduate, or if you would like a more specialized education in the field of law enforcement, enter a graduate program in law enforcement, criminal justice, sociology or a related field.\\n2-4. Get relevant experience.\\nIf you decide not to pursue a Bachelor's or graduate degree, you must have three years' experience to apply to be a Deputy Marshal. Applicants for a position as DEO or AEO must have at least one year of experience regardless of their education level. Experience requirements are different for prospective Deputy Marshals, DEOs and AEOs.\\nApplicable experience for prospective Deputy Marshals includes experience with firearms, criminal investigation, making arrests, issuing warrants, and writing reports.\\nApplicable experience for prospective DEOs and AEOs includes conducting searches for prisoners, applying and removing restraints from prisoners, and transporting prisoners.\\n3. Applying to Become a US Marshal\\n3-1. Attend an information session.\\nThese sessions are regularly scheduled at various US Marshal District Offices. A list of scheduled sessions can be found the US Marshall official website.\\nYou will receive an application and other paperwork required to apply for USMS training.\\nFill out the application and return it to the address you have been given.\\nYou will be contacted if you are selected for an interview.\\n3-2. Complete the interview process.\\nThe interview and assessment process can take nine to twelve months. In addition to being interviewed, you must submit to an extensive background check.\\n3-3. Pass the medical exam.\\nDuring the nine to twelve months of the application process you will be required to undergo a thorough medical examination.\\nQualifications for acceptance include having 20/20 binocular vision, having uncorrected vision of at least 20/200 in each eye, having near vision of at least 20/40, being able to distinguish basic colors and having hearing of 30 decibels or greater in each ear.\\nDisqualifications include diabetes, disorders where convulsions occur, hernias, orthopedic conditions that affect mobility, stability, flexibility and strength, hypertension and diseases of the heart.\\n3-4. Pass the physical fitness test.\\nProspective US Marshals undergo basic training, so it's important to be physically fit. If you do not pass the test, you will not be accepted into the program.\\nCategories candidates are rated on include body fat percentage, ability to sit and reach, ability to perform sit-ups and push-ups, and ability to complete a 1.5 mile(2.4 kilometer) run.\\nMen and women applicants each have different standards by which they are rated.\\n4. Taking the Final Steps to Become a US Marshal\\n4-1. Graduate from basic training.\\nCandidates must attend basic training within 160 days of acceptance into the program. Basic training is a 17 1/2 week training program designed to thoroughly prepare you for a job as a US Marshal.\\nThe training facility is located in Glynco, Georgia.\\nIn addition to physical fitness training, candidates take courses on the following subjects: legal issues, driving and firearms use training, defense tactics, first aid, evidence and procedure as applied in a courtroom, prisoner search and restraint, court security, computer training, officer survival, building search and entry, search and seizure, high threat trials, protective training and surveillance.\\n4-2. Sign the agreement.\\nOnce training is completed, new US Marshals sign a contract and are dispatched one of 94 districts in the United States. New US Marshals must remain in service at that district for at least three years.\\nTips\\nDon't underestimate the necessity of being physically fit before attending basic training. You will be expected to run up to 10 miles in potentially hot, humid weather.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The United States Marshal Service (USMS) is the nation's oldest law enforcement agency. Marshals are central to the federal justice system and are involved in nearly every federal law enforcement initiative. The major duties of a US Marshal include providing judicial security, transporting prisoners, conducting fugitive investigations, and protecting witnesses. Read on for information about the services provided by US Marshals, educational and training requirements and building a career as a US Marshal.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing to Become a US Marshal\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know the different law enforcement positions of US Marshals.\", \"描述\": \"Deputy US Marshals, Detention Enforcement Officers (DEOs) and Aviation Enforcement Officers (AEOs) have distinct roles within the USMS.\\nDeputy US Marshals operate the witness protection program, protect federal judges and courts, apprehend federal fugitives, and perform special operations.\\nDEOs manage prisoners once they have been apprehended by a Deputy US Marshal or other law enforcement officer. They conduct body searches and transport prisoners on the ground.\\nAEOs have similar responsibilities to DEOs, but they transport prisoners on planes.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Have a strong desire to protect the United States.\", \"描述\": \"One of the most important roles of US Marshals is searching for and apprehending fugitives with intent to harm. US Marshals believe in US law and enter extremely high risk situations to protect the country. The following qualities ensure their safety and success:\\nThey have excellent judgement. US Marshals use a combination of careful strategic planning and split-second decision making to fulfill their responsibilities. They are heavily armed, and must be capable of acting rationally under extraordinary pressure.\\nThey are courageous. US Marshals work closely with prisoners whose behavior may be unpredictable. They stand between dangerous fugitives and the federal employees and citizens they are committed to protecting.\\nThey are in top physical shape. US Marshals are often required to run, crouch, physically restrain fugitives, and work in suboptimal conditions, such as extreme heat or cold. They may work for long stretches at a time without getting breaks.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Meet the basic qualifications of becoming a US Marshal.\", \"描述\": \"The USMS only accepts candidates who meet the following criteria. If you meet these, or will by the time you apply to become a US Marshal, proceed with the required education and experience:\\nYou must be a US Citizen.\\nYou must be between the ages of 21 and 37.\\nYou must be in excellent physical condition.\\nHave a driver's license and a good driving record.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting the Required Education and Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Have the right education, experience, or combination of both.\", \"描述\": \"The USMS requires candidates to have a bachelor's degree with superior academic achievement, graduate work in law enforcement or a related field, or three years of applicable work experience.\\nA combination of education and experience equivalent to the GL-07 level, which is the entry level for the USMS, is also acceptable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider getting a Bachelor's degree.\", \"描述\": \"There is no requirement regarding majors, but courses in law, criminal justice, sociology and psychology will be helpful when you become a US Marshal.\\nIf your work as an undergraduate is considered to be Superior Academic Achievement, you may end your education there. Superior Academic Achievement means having at least a 3.0 grade point average in every undergraduate course, having a 3.5 grade point average in courses within your major, ranking in the upper one-third of your class or having membership in a national scholastic honor society recognized by the Association of College Honor Societies.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Consider graduate work.\", \"描述\": \"If you did not attain Superior Academic Achievement as an undergraduate, or if you would like a more specialized education in the field of law enforcement, enter a graduate program in law enforcement, criminal justice, sociology or a related field.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get relevant experience.\", \"描述\": \"If you decide not to pursue a Bachelor's or graduate degree, you must have three years' experience to apply to be a Deputy Marshal. Applicants for a position as DEO or AEO must have at least one year of experience regardless of their education level. Experience requirements are different for prospective Deputy Marshals, DEOs and AEOs.\\nApplicable experience for prospective Deputy Marshals includes experience with firearms, criminal investigation, making arrests, issuing warrants, and writing reports.\\nApplicable experience for prospective DEOs and AEOs includes conducting searches for prisoners, applying and removing restraints from prisoners, and transporting prisoners.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Applying to Become a US Marshal\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Attend an information session.\", \"描述\": \"These sessions are regularly scheduled at various US Marshal District Offices. A list of scheduled sessions can be found the US Marshall official website.\\nYou will receive an application and other paperwork required to apply for USMS training.\\nFill out the application and return it to the address you have been given.\\nYou will be contacted if you are selected for an interview.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Complete the interview process.\", \"描述\": \"The interview and assessment process can take nine to twelve months. In addition to being interviewed, you must submit to an extensive background check.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pass the medical exam.\", \"描述\": \"During the nine to twelve months of the application process you will be required to undergo a thorough medical examination.\\nQualifications for acceptance include having 20/20 binocular vision, having uncorrected vision of at least 20/200 in each eye, having near vision of at least 20/40, being able to distinguish basic colors and having hearing of 30 decibels or greater in each ear.\\nDisqualifications include diabetes, disorders where convulsions occur, hernias, orthopedic conditions that affect mobility, stability, flexibility and strength, hypertension and diseases of the heart.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pass the physical fitness test.\", \"描述\": \"Prospective US Marshals undergo basic training, so it's important to be physically fit. If you do not pass the test, you will not be accepted into the program.\\nCategories candidates are rated on include body fat percentage, ability to sit and reach, ability to perform sit-ups and push-ups, and ability to complete a 1.5 mile(2.4 kilometer) run.\\nMen and women applicants each have different standards by which they are rated.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Taking the Final Steps to Become a US Marshal\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Graduate from basic training.\", \"描述\": \"Candidates must attend basic training within 160 days of acceptance into the program. Basic training is a 17 1/2 week training program designed to thoroughly prepare you for a job as a US Marshal.\\nThe training facility is located in Glynco, Georgia.\\nIn addition to physical fitness training, candidates take courses on the following subjects: legal issues, driving and firearms use training, defense tactics, first aid, evidence and procedure as applied in a courtroom, prisoner search and restraint, court security, computer training, officer survival, building search and entry, search and seizure, high threat trials, protective training and surveillance.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sign the agreement.\", \"描述\": \"Once training is completed, new US Marshals sign a contract and are dispatched one of 94 districts in the United States. New US Marshals must remain in service at that district for at least three years.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Don't underestimate the necessity of being physically fit before attending basic training. You will be expected to run up to 10 miles in potentially hot, humid weather.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,851 |
How to Become a University Lecturer
|
1. Gaining the Necessary Qualifications and Experience
1-1. Choose the academic field you want to work in.
It takes a long time to accumulate the education and experience necessary to become a university lecturer. Choose a field to go into that you’d be comfortable working in for much of your career.
You will probably find more success in the long run by choosing a field you enjoy rather than one that you think will earn you the most money. For example, if you’re passionate about literature, it may be more worthwhile to go into that field instead of something you don’t enjoy.
1-2. Earn a PhD to maximize your chances of becoming a lecturer.
Although there are exceptions, most universities require their lecturers to have earned a Doctoral degree in their field of study. Having a PhD demonstrates your expertise in a subject matter and may also give you experience in both researching and teaching.
At smaller colleges and technical schools, you may be more likely to be hired as a lecturer with only a Master’s Degree. At any rate, you’ll almost certainly need to acquire education beyond the college level.
When going into a PhD program, be prepared to be in it for the long haul. Although some PhD programs can be completed in 3 years, many others take up to 7 years.
1-3. Conduct independent research and have it published.
Demonstrating a research profile, both through publishing research and articulating compelling plans for future work, is often key to getting a job as a lecturer. Research extensively during your PhD program and publish your findings in a reputable academic journal.
Aim to publish your findings in the most reputable journal in your field. For example, history PhDs should publish their work in the Journal of American History, which has one of the widest readerships among history journals.
If you go into a postdoc before becoming a lecturer after finishing graduate school, consider publishing your dissertation as a book.
1-4. Take advantage of opportunities to acquire teaching experience.
Because teaching is such a central aspect of the job of a university lecturers, teaching skills are highly valued among job applicants. Seize opportunities to gain teaching experience when they emerge and use the experience to add to your resume.
For example, if your university has a night school, see if you can teach a course in your field while you’re still working on your PhD.
Although it’s less valuable than college teaching experience, teaching at the high school level may also be useful for garnering teaching experience.
2. Applying for a Job as a Lecturer
2-1. Look for openings on academic job listing websites.
Universities typically post openings for lecturer positions on listservs and websites that specialize in academic jobs. Browse these sites on a regular basis and be on the lookout for jobs you might be able to apply for.
Some of the more popular sites used by academics and universities include H-Net and HigherEdJobs.
You should browse these postings at least twice a week if you’re actively looking for jobs to apply for.
2-2. Craft a CV that emphasizes your work experience, education, and skills.
Your curriculum vitae (CV) operates as your resume for academic jobs, showcasing the qualities and experience that make you eligible for working at a university. To make your application as strong as possible, order your CV so that your work experience, education, and skills are emphasized.
More specifically, your relevant work experience should be the first thing job reviewers read after your personal details, followed by your education and skills that are relevant to the position you’re applying for.
Be sure to only include information that is relevant to the position. Don’t include skills or experience that wouldn’t obviously be useful in the job you’re applying for.
2-3. Tailor your cover letter to the position you’re applying for.
Your cover letter is one of the most important parts of your job application; it allows you to expand on why you’re the best person for the job. Thus, make sure the content of your cover letter is designed around the specific job you’re applying for and does not come across as generic.
For example, if the job listing you’re responding to described specific classes that the university wants you to teach, describe any prior experience you have in that specific subject matter and/or how you would go about organizing your class.
2-4. Include your teaching philosophy in your personal statement.
Some universities may have you write a personal statement in addition to your cover letter. Take this opportunity to expound on your teaching philosophy, experience, and skills and showcase what makes you a better potential university lecturer than other applicants.
For example, you may discuss cutting edge pedagogical techniques you employ (or would like to employ) in your classes.
Note that you should NOT do this if the job listing specifies a particular topic you should address in your personal statement.
2-5. Ask your professors to serve as references.
You’ll need at least 2 references, and oftentimes 3, when submitting an application for a job as a university lecturer. Your references should be professors or lecturers themselves who know your research and teaching experience and can describe your qualifications in detail.
If you had a primary advisor during your PhD program, this person will probably be one of the best people to ask to be a reference for you.
Ask any professors in your department who are widely known and respected in their field to serve as a reference. Their reputation will add a lot of weight to their description of you.
2-6. Prepare for likely questions in your interview.
The interview for academic jobs is mainly to gauge whether or not you know the material you’re being asked to teach. Thus, the questions you’re likely to be asked are relatively easy to predict.
For example, you can look at what other members of the department research and how their work might intersect with your own to gauge what areas of your research they will most likely ask you about.
Look closely at the job description and note any skills or experience that it highlights. You can expect to be asked about how your own skills and experience line up with those sought after in the ideal job applicant.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:01",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Gaining the Necessary Qualifications and Experience\\n1-1. Choose the academic field you want to work in.\\nIt takes a long time to accumulate the education and experience necessary to become a university lecturer. Choose a field to go into that you’d be comfortable working in for much of your career.\\nYou will probably find more success in the long run by choosing a field you enjoy rather than one that you think will earn you the most money. For example, if you’re passionate about literature, it may be more worthwhile to go into that field instead of something you don’t enjoy.\\n1-2. Earn a PhD to maximize your chances of becoming a lecturer.\\nAlthough there are exceptions, most universities require their lecturers to have earned a Doctoral degree in their field of study. Having a PhD demonstrates your expertise in a subject matter and may also give you experience in both researching and teaching.\\nAt smaller colleges and technical schools, you may be more likely to be hired as a lecturer with only a Master’s Degree. At any rate, you’ll almost certainly need to acquire education beyond the college level.\\nWhen going into a PhD program, be prepared to be in it for the long haul. Although some PhD programs can be completed in 3 years, many others take up to 7 years.\\n1-3. Conduct independent research and have it published.\\nDemonstrating a research profile, both through publishing research and articulating compelling plans for future work, is often key to getting a job as a lecturer. Research extensively during your PhD program and publish your findings in a reputable academic journal.\\nAim to publish your findings in the most reputable journal in your field. For example, history PhDs should publish their work in the Journal of American History, which has one of the widest readerships among history journals.\\nIf you go into a postdoc before becoming a lecturer after finishing graduate school, consider publishing your dissertation as a book.\\n1-4. Take advantage of opportunities to acquire teaching experience.\\nBecause teaching is such a central aspect of the job of a university lecturers, teaching skills are highly valued among job applicants. Seize opportunities to gain teaching experience when they emerge and use the experience to add to your resume.\\nFor example, if your university has a night school, see if you can teach a course in your field while you’re still working on your PhD.\\nAlthough it’s less valuable than college teaching experience, teaching at the high school level may also be useful for garnering teaching experience.\\n2. Applying for a Job as a Lecturer\\n2-1. Look for openings on academic job listing websites.\\nUniversities typically post openings for lecturer positions on listservs and websites that specialize in academic jobs. Browse these sites on a regular basis and be on the lookout for jobs you might be able to apply for.\\nSome of the more popular sites used by academics and universities include H-Net and HigherEdJobs.\\nYou should browse these postings at least twice a week if you’re actively looking for jobs to apply for.\\n2-2. Craft a CV that emphasizes your work experience, education, and skills.\\nYour curriculum vitae (CV) operates as your resume for academic jobs, showcasing the qualities and experience that make you eligible for working at a university. To make your application as strong as possible, order your CV so that your work experience, education, and skills are emphasized. \\nMore specifically, your relevant work experience should be the first thing job reviewers read after your personal details, followed by your education and skills that are relevant to the position you’re applying for.\\nBe sure to only include information that is relevant to the position. Don’t include skills or experience that wouldn’t obviously be useful in the job you’re applying for.\\n2-3. Tailor your cover letter to the position you’re applying for.\\nYour cover letter is one of the most important parts of your job application; it allows you to expand on why you’re the best person for the job. Thus, make sure the content of your cover letter is designed around the specific job you’re applying for and does not come across as generic. \\nFor example, if the job listing you’re responding to described specific classes that the university wants you to teach, describe any prior experience you have in that specific subject matter and/or how you would go about organizing your class.\\n2-4. Include your teaching philosophy in your personal statement.\\nSome universities may have you write a personal statement in addition to your cover letter. Take this opportunity to expound on your teaching philosophy, experience, and skills and showcase what makes you a better potential university lecturer than other applicants. \\nFor example, you may discuss cutting edge pedagogical techniques you employ (or would like to employ) in your classes.\\nNote that you should NOT do this if the job listing specifies a particular topic you should address in your personal statement.\\n2-5. Ask your professors to serve as references.\\nYou’ll need at least 2 references, and oftentimes 3, when submitting an application for a job as a university lecturer. Your references should be professors or lecturers themselves who know your research and teaching experience and can describe your qualifications in detail.\\nIf you had a primary advisor during your PhD program, this person will probably be one of the best people to ask to be a reference for you.\\nAsk any professors in your department who are widely known and respected in their field to serve as a reference. Their reputation will add a lot of weight to their description of you.\\n2-6. Prepare for likely questions in your interview.\\nThe interview for academic jobs is mainly to gauge whether or not you know the material you’re being asked to teach. Thus, the questions you’re likely to be asked are relatively easy to predict.\\nFor example, you can look at what other members of the department research and how their work might intersect with your own to gauge what areas of your research they will most likely ask you about.\\nLook closely at the job description and note any skills or experience that it highlights. You can expect to be asked about how your own skills and experience line up with those sought after in the ideal job applicant.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"University lecturers teach college students in a variety of academic and vocational subjects and using an assortment of different methods, including lectures, seminars, and fieldwork. As such, they have a unique opportunity to shape young people’s minds and pass on their own knowledge to the next generation. By gaining the right education and experience and submitting a strong application, you too can become a university lecturer.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Gaining the Necessary Qualifications and Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose the academic field you want to work in.\", \"描述\": \"It takes a long time to accumulate the education and experience necessary to become a university lecturer. Choose a field to go into that you’d be comfortable working in for much of your career.\\nYou will probably find more success in the long run by choosing a field you enjoy rather than one that you think will earn you the most money. For example, if you’re passionate about literature, it may be more worthwhile to go into that field instead of something you don’t enjoy.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Earn a PhD to maximize your chances of becoming a lecturer.\", \"描述\": \"Although there are exceptions, most universities require their lecturers to have earned a Doctoral degree in their field of study. Having a PhD demonstrates your expertise in a subject matter and may also give you experience in both researching and teaching.\\nAt smaller colleges and technical schools, you may be more likely to be hired as a lecturer with only a Master’s Degree. At any rate, you’ll almost certainly need to acquire education beyond the college level.\\nWhen going into a PhD program, be prepared to be in it for the long haul. Although some PhD programs can be completed in 3 years, many others take up to 7 years.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Conduct independent research and have it published.\", \"描述\": \"Demonstrating a research profile, both through publishing research and articulating compelling plans for future work, is often key to getting a job as a lecturer. Research extensively during your PhD program and publish your findings in a reputable academic journal.\\nAim to publish your findings in the most reputable journal in your field. For example, history PhDs should publish their work in the Journal of American History, which has one of the widest readerships among history journals.\\nIf you go into a postdoc before becoming a lecturer after finishing graduate school, consider publishing your dissertation as a book.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take advantage of opportunities to acquire teaching experience.\", \"描述\": \"Because teaching is such a central aspect of the job of a university lecturers, teaching skills are highly valued among job applicants. Seize opportunities to gain teaching experience when they emerge and use the experience to add to your resume.\\nFor example, if your university has a night school, see if you can teach a course in your field while you’re still working on your PhD.\\nAlthough it’s less valuable than college teaching experience, teaching at the high school level may also be useful for garnering teaching experience.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Applying for a Job as a Lecturer\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look for openings on academic job listing websites.\", \"描述\": \"Universities typically post openings for lecturer positions on listservs and websites that specialize in academic jobs. Browse these sites on a regular basis and be on the lookout for jobs you might be able to apply for.\\nSome of the more popular sites used by academics and universities include H-Net and HigherEdJobs.\\nYou should browse these postings at least twice a week if you’re actively looking for jobs to apply for.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Craft a CV that emphasizes your work experience, education, and skills.\", \"描述\": \"Your curriculum vitae (CV) operates as your resume for academic jobs, showcasing the qualities and experience that make you eligible for working at a university. To make your application as strong as possible, order your CV so that your work experience, education, and skills are emphasized. \\nMore specifically, your relevant work experience should be the first thing job reviewers read after your personal details, followed by your education and skills that are relevant to the position you’re applying for.\\nBe sure to only include information that is relevant to the position. Don’t include skills or experience that wouldn’t obviously be useful in the job you’re applying for.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tailor your cover letter to the position you’re applying for.\", \"描述\": \"Your cover letter is one of the most important parts of your job application; it allows you to expand on why you’re the best person for the job. Thus, make sure the content of your cover letter is designed around the specific job you’re applying for and does not come across as generic. \\nFor example, if the job listing you’re responding to described specific classes that the university wants you to teach, describe any prior experience you have in that specific subject matter and/or how you would go about organizing your class.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Include your teaching philosophy in your personal statement.\", \"描述\": \"Some universities may have you write a personal statement in addition to your cover letter. Take this opportunity to expound on your teaching philosophy, experience, and skills and showcase what makes you a better potential university lecturer than other applicants. \\nFor example, you may discuss cutting edge pedagogical techniques you employ (or would like to employ) in your classes.\\nNote that you should NOT do this if the job listing specifies a particular topic you should address in your personal statement.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ask your professors to serve as references.\", \"描述\": \"You’ll need at least 2 references, and oftentimes 3, when submitting an application for a job as a university lecturer. Your references should be professors or lecturers themselves who know your research and teaching experience and can describe your qualifications in detail.\\nIf you had a primary advisor during your PhD program, this person will probably be one of the best people to ask to be a reference for you.\\nAsk any professors in your department who are widely known and respected in their field to serve as a reference. Their reputation will add a lot of weight to their description of you.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Prepare for likely questions in your interview.\", \"描述\": \"The interview for academic jobs is mainly to gauge whether or not you know the material you’re being asked to teach. Thus, the questions you’re likely to be asked are relatively easy to predict.\\nFor example, you can look at what other members of the department research and how their work might intersect with your own to gauge what areas of your research they will most likely ask you about.\\nLook closely at the job description and note any skills or experience that it highlights. You can expect to be asked about how your own skills and experience line up with those sought after in the ideal job applicant.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,852 |
How to Become a University Lecturer in the United Kingdom
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1. Completing Your Education
1-1. Complete an undergraduate degree.
Before completing a PhD program, you will need to get into college and complete a bachelor's degree. Having a high grade point average and graduating from a highly ranked school will help your chances of getting into a PhD program, and thus getting a lecturer position.
If you want to go on to a graduate program after your undergrad, you should focus on being a good student and getting good grades while you are completing your bachelor's degree.
1-2. Apply to a PhD program.
In order to become a university lecturer in the UK, you first need to get into a PhD program. Most lecturing posts in good universities in academic subjects (including the arts, humanities, and sciences) require a PhD as a minimum requirement. To get into most PhD programs, you will need to fill out an application, write a cover letter, and supply a sample of your writing or research. In some cases you will also need to complete some sort of graduate school entrance testing, although this varies.
Go to the most highly rated PhD program that you can. This will vastly improve the likelihood that you get a lecturer position after graduate school.
Two of the key entrance exams used for PhD admission are the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT). The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is used for a wide variety of graduate programs. The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is used for PhD programs in business and management.
Taking graduate school entrance exams is much more common in the United States, but it may be required for specific schools or specific programs elsewhere. Check with the school you are applying to see if it is required for admission.
1-3. Complete your PhD program coursework.
You will likely need to dedicate at least ten years of your life to academic study. Part of your time in a PhD program is used to complete coursework, meaning classes you take with professors.
The number of classes of coursework you need to take for your PhD program will be determined by your specific program.
1-4. Complete a dissertation or original research.
A PhD program typically includes the completion of a dissertation, especially if you are working in the Humanities or Social Sciences. This project will need to demonstrate not only that you are familiar with the entire field associated with your project, but must also make a new contribution to existing knowledge in the area.
You do not have to develop a new drug or make a new discovery about Shakespeare, but you do have to research an original topic, come up with a new framework for thinking about your chosen area, or put together existing materials in fresh and exciting ways.
2. Enhancing Your Marketability
2-1. Get teaching experience.
Throughout your PhD program you should try to do some teaching in addition to your course work and your own research. This could include giving guest lectures for classes in your department or getting a position as a teaching fellow or fixed-term faculty. The more of this experience you can get, the better.
Teaching during your graduate work will allow you to develop that skill, in addition to your skills as a researcher and a thinker.
If you have not gotten any teaching experience in your graduate program thus far, talk to your advisor about your desire to get that kind of experience. It may take you being proactive in order to get teaching experience, especially in graduate programs that do not emphasize teaching.
2-2. Go to and present at conferences.
In order to build your name and credentials in your field, it is important to start going to conferences and presenting at them. These meetings will help you build contacts and find out about new and interesting aspects of your field. Important opportunities do come out of these meetings.
Your academic advisor should encourage you to attend academic conferences and give papers at these conferences. In some cases, you may even be able to work with your advisor and present that work at a conference with your advisor. However, if your advisor is well-known or a big name in their field, they are less likely to have the time to do this type of collaborative work.
2-3. Get your academic research published.
It is becoming increasingly necessary that a PhD student applying for a job already have publications accepted or published. In most cases, this will be an article or a review in an academic journal. Having publications before you complete your PhD makes you more competitive for the limited number of lecturer positions available.
Having publications before you finish graduate school can be difficult, but it does show potential employers that you are serious about your academic research. It also shows them that you are likely to keep up with the demands of the tenure deadline.
2-4. Do university service during your graduate program.
In addition to teaching and scholarship, you should work on getting experience with university service while in graduate school. This will show that you will be an attribute to a university department and you understand that service to the institution is a key component of the job of a lecturer.
Service to the university can come in a wide variety of forms. A few examples include serving as the graduate student representative on hiring committees and helping organize conferences or speaking engagements at your university.
2-5. Consider taking a post-doc position.
In order to consolidate your teaching experience, conference experience, and to add to your publications, many PhD's take on temporary contracts as a post-doctoral researchers or teachers. Many use this time to convert their PhD dissertation into a book or publications. Also, if you did not get teaching experience during your graduate program, you may need to consider a Post-Doc position to get that experience.
Once you have publications and teaching experience, it is much more likely that you will be able to get a job as a university lecturer.
3. Applying for a Position
3-1. Look for job postings.
As with most jobs these days, academic lecturer positions are posted online on university or college websites and the websites of higher education organizations. Search specific university websites, as well as the websites of organizations focusing on higher education jobs in the UK.
There are also specialty websites that post jobs in specific academic disciplines.
It may be that you will hear about jobs from colleagues and supervisors as well. For instance, if you are in a PhD program you may hear about an upcoming job from a professor in your department or from other students in your program.
You should be willing to go to a variety of locations if you want to be a university lecturer. Limiting your job search by location is not a good idea. With the limited job openings there are, going where the jobs are is important.
3-2. Create a CV.
A CV, which is short for "curriculum vitae," is basically an academic resume. It lists all of your experiences in academia and the skills you have developed there. It should be done in a clear and concise format that highlights your experience and unique attributes.
One of the benefits of using a CV is that is doesn't need to be changed for each position you are applying for, since it is a thorough list of all of your work and education.
At minimum, your CV should include sections for education, teaching experience, publications, and university service, as well as references.
3-3. Do research about the school.
You should find out as much as you can about the school you are hoping to teach at. This includes their overall philosophy, their financial situation, and their plans for the future.
This information is usually available online.
Look for general university or college information, information about the specific department you are hoping to join, and about the faculty already in that department.
3-4. Complete and turn in an application.
An academic job application will usually include a cover letter, statement of teaching philosophy, one of your publications, and other documents, in addition to your CV. When completing a job application for a lecturer position, you need to make sure to do some research about the university and its courses before you apply. You also need to read the job ad very carefully so you know exactly what they want. With the information you get in your research you can tailor your application to the needs of the institution.
Most job applications are done online these days. There is usually a link connected to the job posting where you will turn in all of your application components.
When turning in electronic documents for a job application, make sure the documents are in a format that will not allow them to be changed depending on what application is used to view them. For instance, a PDF document is in a permanent form that will not be altered by the PDF viewer that is used to view it.
4. Getting the Job
4-1. Prepare for interviews.
For most lecturer positions you will need to go through several rounds of interviews before you are chosen. These may include an initial phone or video interview and then an in-person interview if you are a finalist for the job. Some things you should do while preparing for your interviews include:
Review what is unique about you. While doing an interview it is important to highlight what it unique and important about you. If you can get these points across, the people interviewing you are likely to understand how you could improve the program you are hoping to join.
Practice likely questions. While you won't be able to know exactly what your interviewers will ask, there are some common questions you can practice. These include questions about your research, your teaching experience, and your experience with academic service.
4-2. Negotiate your contract.
Once you have been chosen for a lecturer position, you will need to negotiate your contract. This is the first time in the process that you have some power to control the situation, but you shouldn't get too greedy. Once the college or university gives you an initial offer, you can choose to negotiate about any part of their offer, asking for more salary, startup money, resources, or other forms of support.
Do some research about salaries at the university or college you are hoping to work at and keep your requests in keeping with existing salaries. In many cases, if it is a public institution, this information is public and can be found online.
When you go into negotiations you need to remember that the university or college is likely going to begin with a low offer with the expectation that you will try to negotiate for more. However, with the sheer number of qualified people applying for every lecturer position, remember that you can't ask for too much or they might move on to someone else.
4-3. Advance in your career.
Once you have a lecturer position, you will need to work hard to keep that position and advance in your university. Most lecturer positions are permanent, however beginning lecturers are in a probationary position until they pass an evaluation after three years. There is room for advancement from lecturer to senior lecturer to full professor for lecturers, but this career advancement requires excellence in teaching, service, and research.
Not all lecturers will advance all the way to full professors during their careers. The position of full professor is reserved for those that have shown particularly excellent work in their scholarship, teaching, and service.
Advancements are usually attained when an existing position opens, when department heads nominate a lecturer for advancement, or when a lecturer applies for advancement.
Tips
While it is traditional to call those in tenure-track positions that have not attained full professorship "lecturers," that tradition is changing. More and more UK universities are using the north American model, which uses the terms "assistant professor" before tenure and "associate professor" after tenure but before full professorship.
Warnings
If you are applying for a lecturer position in the UK and you are not a citizen of the UK, you will need to get a work visa before you begin your job. The college or university you are working for should be able to help you with this process, as many universities and colleges hire people from all over the world.[18]
X
Research source
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{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:01",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Completing Your Education\\n1-1. Complete an undergraduate degree.\\nBefore completing a PhD program, you will need to get into college and complete a bachelor's degree. Having a high grade point average and graduating from a highly ranked school will help your chances of getting into a PhD program, and thus getting a lecturer position.\\nIf you want to go on to a graduate program after your undergrad, you should focus on being a good student and getting good grades while you are completing your bachelor's degree.\\n1-2. Apply to a PhD program.\\nIn order to become a university lecturer in the UK, you first need to get into a PhD program. Most lecturing posts in good universities in academic subjects (including the arts, humanities, and sciences) require a PhD as a minimum requirement. To get into most PhD programs, you will need to fill out an application, write a cover letter, and supply a sample of your writing or research. In some cases you will also need to complete some sort of graduate school entrance testing, although this varies.\\nGo to the most highly rated PhD program that you can. This will vastly improve the likelihood that you get a lecturer position after graduate school.\\nTwo of the key entrance exams used for PhD admission are the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT). The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is used for a wide variety of graduate programs. The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is used for PhD programs in business and management.\\nTaking graduate school entrance exams is much more common in the United States, but it may be required for specific schools or specific programs elsewhere. Check with the school you are applying to see if it is required for admission.\\n1-3. Complete your PhD program coursework.\\nYou will likely need to dedicate at least ten years of your life to academic study. Part of your time in a PhD program is used to complete coursework, meaning classes you take with professors.\\nThe number of classes of coursework you need to take for your PhD program will be determined by your specific program.\\n1-4. Complete a dissertation or original research.\\nA PhD program typically includes the completion of a dissertation, especially if you are working in the Humanities or Social Sciences. This project will need to demonstrate not only that you are familiar with the entire field associated with your project, but must also make a new contribution to existing knowledge in the area.\\nYou do not have to develop a new drug or make a new discovery about Shakespeare, but you do have to research an original topic, come up with a new framework for thinking about your chosen area, or put together existing materials in fresh and exciting ways.\\n2. Enhancing Your Marketability\\n2-1. Get teaching experience.\\nThroughout your PhD program you should try to do some teaching in addition to your course work and your own research. This could include giving guest lectures for classes in your department or getting a position as a teaching fellow or fixed-term faculty. The more of this experience you can get, the better.\\nTeaching during your graduate work will allow you to develop that skill, in addition to your skills as a researcher and a thinker.\\nIf you have not gotten any teaching experience in your graduate program thus far, talk to your advisor about your desire to get that kind of experience. It may take you being proactive in order to get teaching experience, especially in graduate programs that do not emphasize teaching.\\n2-2. Go to and present at conferences.\\nIn order to build your name and credentials in your field, it is important to start going to conferences and presenting at them. These meetings will help you build contacts and find out about new and interesting aspects of your field. Important opportunities do come out of these meetings.\\nYour academic advisor should encourage you to attend academic conferences and give papers at these conferences. In some cases, you may even be able to work with your advisor and present that work at a conference with your advisor. However, if your advisor is well-known or a big name in their field, they are less likely to have the time to do this type of collaborative work.\\n2-3. Get your academic research published.\\nIt is becoming increasingly necessary that a PhD student applying for a job already have publications accepted or published. In most cases, this will be an article or a review in an academic journal. Having publications before you complete your PhD makes you more competitive for the limited number of lecturer positions available.\\nHaving publications before you finish graduate school can be difficult, but it does show potential employers that you are serious about your academic research. It also shows them that you are likely to keep up with the demands of the tenure deadline.\\n2-4. Do university service during your graduate program.\\nIn addition to teaching and scholarship, you should work on getting experience with university service while in graduate school. This will show that you will be an attribute to a university department and you understand that service to the institution is a key component of the job of a lecturer.\\nService to the university can come in a wide variety of forms. A few examples include serving as the graduate student representative on hiring committees and helping organize conferences or speaking engagements at your university.\\n2-5. Consider taking a post-doc position.\\nIn order to consolidate your teaching experience, conference experience, and to add to your publications, many PhD's take on temporary contracts as a post-doctoral researchers or teachers. Many use this time to convert their PhD dissertation into a book or publications. Also, if you did not get teaching experience during your graduate program, you may need to consider a Post-Doc position to get that experience.\\nOnce you have publications and teaching experience, it is much more likely that you will be able to get a job as a university lecturer.\\n3. Applying for a Position\\n3-1. Look for job postings.\\nAs with most jobs these days, academic lecturer positions are posted online on university or college websites and the websites of higher education organizations. Search specific university websites, as well as the websites of organizations focusing on higher education jobs in the UK.\\nThere are also specialty websites that post jobs in specific academic disciplines.\\nIt may be that you will hear about jobs from colleagues and supervisors as well. For instance, if you are in a PhD program you may hear about an upcoming job from a professor in your department or from other students in your program.\\nYou should be willing to go to a variety of locations if you want to be a university lecturer. Limiting your job search by location is not a good idea. With the limited job openings there are, going where the jobs are is important.\\n3-2. Create a CV.\\nA CV, which is short for \\\"curriculum vitae,\\\" is basically an academic resume. It lists all of your experiences in academia and the skills you have developed there. It should be done in a clear and concise format that highlights your experience and unique attributes.\\nOne of the benefits of using a CV is that is doesn't need to be changed for each position you are applying for, since it is a thorough list of all of your work and education.\\nAt minimum, your CV should include sections for education, teaching experience, publications, and university service, as well as references.\\n3-3. Do research about the school.\\nYou should find out as much as you can about the school you are hoping to teach at. This includes their overall philosophy, their financial situation, and their plans for the future.\\nThis information is usually available online.\\nLook for general university or college information, information about the specific department you are hoping to join, and about the faculty already in that department.\\n3-4. Complete and turn in an application.\\nAn academic job application will usually include a cover letter, statement of teaching philosophy, one of your publications, and other documents, in addition to your CV. When completing a job application for a lecturer position, you need to make sure to do some research about the university and its courses before you apply. You also need to read the job ad very carefully so you know exactly what they want. With the information you get in your research you can tailor your application to the needs of the institution.\\nMost job applications are done online these days. There is usually a link connected to the job posting where you will turn in all of your application components.\\nWhen turning in electronic documents for a job application, make sure the documents are in a format that will not allow them to be changed depending on what application is used to view them. For instance, a PDF document is in a permanent form that will not be altered by the PDF viewer that is used to view it.\\n4. Getting the Job\\n4-1. Prepare for interviews.\\nFor most lecturer positions you will need to go through several rounds of interviews before you are chosen. These may include an initial phone or video interview and then an in-person interview if you are a finalist for the job. Some things you should do while preparing for your interviews include:\\nReview what is unique about you. While doing an interview it is important to highlight what it unique and important about you. If you can get these points across, the people interviewing you are likely to understand how you could improve the program you are hoping to join.\\nPractice likely questions. While you won't be able to know exactly what your interviewers will ask, there are some common questions you can practice. These include questions about your research, your teaching experience, and your experience with academic service.\\n4-2. Negotiate your contract.\\nOnce you have been chosen for a lecturer position, you will need to negotiate your contract. This is the first time in the process that you have some power to control the situation, but you shouldn't get too greedy. Once the college or university gives you an initial offer, you can choose to negotiate about any part of their offer, asking for more salary, startup money, resources, or other forms of support.\\nDo some research about salaries at the university or college you are hoping to work at and keep your requests in keeping with existing salaries. In many cases, if it is a public institution, this information is public and can be found online.\\nWhen you go into negotiations you need to remember that the university or college is likely going to begin with a low offer with the expectation that you will try to negotiate for more. However, with the sheer number of qualified people applying for every lecturer position, remember that you can't ask for too much or they might move on to someone else.\\n4-3. Advance in your career.\\nOnce you have a lecturer position, you will need to work hard to keep that position and advance in your university. Most lecturer positions are permanent, however beginning lecturers are in a probationary position until they pass an evaluation after three years. There is room for advancement from lecturer to senior lecturer to full professor for lecturers, but this career advancement requires excellence in teaching, service, and research.\\nNot all lecturers will advance all the way to full professors during their careers. The position of full professor is reserved for those that have shown particularly excellent work in their scholarship, teaching, and service.\\nAdvancements are usually attained when an existing position opens, when department heads nominate a lecturer for advancement, or when a lecturer applies for advancement.\\nTips\\nWhile it is traditional to call those in tenure-track positions that have not attained full professorship \\\"lecturers,\\\" that tradition is changing. More and more UK universities are using the north American model, which uses the terms \\\"assistant professor\\\" before tenure and \\\"associate professor\\\" after tenure but before full professorship.\\nWarnings\\nIf you are applying for a lecturer position in the UK and you are not a citizen of the UK, you will need to get a work visa before you begin your job. The college or university you are working for should be able to help you with this process, as many universities and colleges hire people from all over the world.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Being a lecturer at a university in the United Kingdom means that you have a tenure-track position and are working towards a professorship. While some countries use the terms \\\"assistant professor\\\" and \\\"associate professor\\\" for these positions, in the UK they use the terms \\\"lecturers\\\" and \\\"senior lecturers.\\\" If you want to be a university lecturer in the UK, you will need to complete a PhD program, make yourself a desirable candidate through your graduate work, and be chosen through a very competitive hiring process. This will require you to prepare for your goal years in advance and work hard to make your teaching, scholarship, and service stand out in the crowd.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Completing Your Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete an undergraduate degree.\", \"描述\": \"Before completing a PhD program, you will need to get into college and complete a bachelor's degree. Having a high grade point average and graduating from a highly ranked school will help your chances of getting into a PhD program, and thus getting a lecturer position.\\nIf you want to go on to a graduate program after your undergrad, you should focus on being a good student and getting good grades while you are completing your bachelor's degree.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply to a PhD program.\", \"描述\": \"In order to become a university lecturer in the UK, you first need to get into a PhD program. Most lecturing posts in good universities in academic subjects (including the arts, humanities, and sciences) require a PhD as a minimum requirement. To get into most PhD programs, you will need to fill out an application, write a cover letter, and supply a sample of your writing or research. In some cases you will also need to complete some sort of graduate school entrance testing, although this varies.\\nGo to the most highly rated PhD program that you can. This will vastly improve the likelihood that you get a lecturer position after graduate school.\\nTwo of the key entrance exams used for PhD admission are the Graduate Record Examination (GRE) and the Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT). The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is used for a wide variety of graduate programs. The Graduate Management Admission Test (GMAT) is used for PhD programs in business and management.\\nTaking graduate school entrance exams is much more common in the United States, but it may be required for specific schools or specific programs elsewhere. Check with the school you are applying to see if it is required for admission.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete your PhD program coursework.\", \"描述\": \"You will likely need to dedicate at least ten years of your life to academic study. Part of your time in a PhD program is used to complete coursework, meaning classes you take with professors.\\nThe number of classes of coursework you need to take for your PhD program will be determined by your specific program.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Complete a dissertation or original research.\", \"描述\": \"A PhD program typically includes the completion of a dissertation, especially if you are working in the Humanities or Social Sciences. This project will need to demonstrate not only that you are familiar with the entire field associated with your project, but must also make a new contribution to existing knowledge in the area.\\nYou do not have to develop a new drug or make a new discovery about Shakespeare, but you do have to research an original topic, come up with a new framework for thinking about your chosen area, or put together existing materials in fresh and exciting ways.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Enhancing Your Marketability\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get teaching experience.\", \"描述\": \"Throughout your PhD program you should try to do some teaching in addition to your course work and your own research. This could include giving guest lectures for classes in your department or getting a position as a teaching fellow or fixed-term faculty. The more of this experience you can get, the better.\\nTeaching during your graduate work will allow you to develop that skill, in addition to your skills as a researcher and a thinker.\\nIf you have not gotten any teaching experience in your graduate program thus far, talk to your advisor about your desire to get that kind of experience. It may take you being proactive in order to get teaching experience, especially in graduate programs that do not emphasize teaching.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go to and present at conferences.\", \"描述\": \"In order to build your name and credentials in your field, it is important to start going to conferences and presenting at them. These meetings will help you build contacts and find out about new and interesting aspects of your field. Important opportunities do come out of these meetings.\\nYour academic advisor should encourage you to attend academic conferences and give papers at these conferences. In some cases, you may even be able to work with your advisor and present that work at a conference with your advisor. However, if your advisor is well-known or a big name in their field, they are less likely to have the time to do this type of collaborative work.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get your academic research published.\", \"描述\": \"It is becoming increasingly necessary that a PhD student applying for a job already have publications accepted or published. In most cases, this will be an article or a review in an academic journal. Having publications before you complete your PhD makes you more competitive for the limited number of lecturer positions available.\\nHaving publications before you finish graduate school can be difficult, but it does show potential employers that you are serious about your academic research. It also shows them that you are likely to keep up with the demands of the tenure deadline.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Do university service during your graduate program.\", \"描述\": \"In addition to teaching and scholarship, you should work on getting experience with university service while in graduate school. This will show that you will be an attribute to a university department and you understand that service to the institution is a key component of the job of a lecturer.\\nService to the university can come in a wide variety of forms. A few examples include serving as the graduate student representative on hiring committees and helping organize conferences or speaking engagements at your university.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Consider taking a post-doc position.\", \"描述\": \"In order to consolidate your teaching experience, conference experience, and to add to your publications, many PhD's take on temporary contracts as a post-doctoral researchers or teachers. Many use this time to convert their PhD dissertation into a book or publications. Also, if you did not get teaching experience during your graduate program, you may need to consider a Post-Doc position to get that experience.\\nOnce you have publications and teaching experience, it is much more likely that you will be able to get a job as a university lecturer.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Applying for a Position\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look for job postings.\", \"描述\": \"As with most jobs these days, academic lecturer positions are posted online on university or college websites and the websites of higher education organizations. Search specific university websites, as well as the websites of organizations focusing on higher education jobs in the UK.\\nThere are also specialty websites that post jobs in specific academic disciplines.\\nIt may be that you will hear about jobs from colleagues and supervisors as well. For instance, if you are in a PhD program you may hear about an upcoming job from a professor in your department or from other students in your program.\\nYou should be willing to go to a variety of locations if you want to be a university lecturer. Limiting your job search by location is not a good idea. With the limited job openings there are, going where the jobs are is important.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Create a CV.\", \"描述\": \"A CV, which is short for \\\"curriculum vitae,\\\" is basically an academic resume. It lists all of your experiences in academia and the skills you have developed there. It should be done in a clear and concise format that highlights your experience and unique attributes.\\nOne of the benefits of using a CV is that is doesn't need to be changed for each position you are applying for, since it is a thorough list of all of your work and education.\\nAt minimum, your CV should include sections for education, teaching experience, publications, and university service, as well as references.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do research about the school.\", \"描述\": \"You should find out as much as you can about the school you are hoping to teach at. This includes their overall philosophy, their financial situation, and their plans for the future.\\nThis information is usually available online.\\nLook for general university or college information, information about the specific department you are hoping to join, and about the faculty already in that department.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Complete and turn in an application.\", \"描述\": \"An academic job application will usually include a cover letter, statement of teaching philosophy, one of your publications, and other documents, in addition to your CV. When completing a job application for a lecturer position, you need to make sure to do some research about the university and its courses before you apply. You also need to read the job ad very carefully so you know exactly what they want. With the information you get in your research you can tailor your application to the needs of the institution.\\nMost job applications are done online these days. There is usually a link connected to the job posting where you will turn in all of your application components.\\nWhen turning in electronic documents for a job application, make sure the documents are in a format that will not allow them to be changed depending on what application is used to view them. For instance, a PDF document is in a permanent form that will not be altered by the PDF viewer that is used to view it.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Getting the Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepare for interviews.\", \"描述\": \"For most lecturer positions you will need to go through several rounds of interviews before you are chosen. These may include an initial phone or video interview and then an in-person interview if you are a finalist for the job. Some things you should do while preparing for your interviews include:\\nReview what is unique about you. While doing an interview it is important to highlight what it unique and important about you. If you can get these points across, the people interviewing you are likely to understand how you could improve the program you are hoping to join.\\nPractice likely questions. While you won't be able to know exactly what your interviewers will ask, there are some common questions you can practice. These include questions about your research, your teaching experience, and your experience with academic service.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Negotiate your contract.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have been chosen for a lecturer position, you will need to negotiate your contract. This is the first time in the process that you have some power to control the situation, but you shouldn't get too greedy. Once the college or university gives you an initial offer, you can choose to negotiate about any part of their offer, asking for more salary, startup money, resources, or other forms of support.\\nDo some research about salaries at the university or college you are hoping to work at and keep your requests in keeping with existing salaries. In many cases, if it is a public institution, this information is public and can be found online.\\nWhen you go into negotiations you need to remember that the university or college is likely going to begin with a low offer with the expectation that you will try to negotiate for more. However, with the sheer number of qualified people applying for every lecturer position, remember that you can't ask for too much or they might move on to someone else.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Advance in your career.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have a lecturer position, you will need to work hard to keep that position and advance in your university. Most lecturer positions are permanent, however beginning lecturers are in a probationary position until they pass an evaluation after three years. There is room for advancement from lecturer to senior lecturer to full professor for lecturers, but this career advancement requires excellence in teaching, service, and research.\\nNot all lecturers will advance all the way to full professors during their careers. The position of full professor is reserved for those that have shown particularly excellent work in their scholarship, teaching, and service.\\nAdvancements are usually attained when an existing position opens, when department heads nominate a lecturer for advancement, or when a lecturer applies for advancement.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"While it is traditional to call those in tenure-track positions that have not attained full professorship \\\"lecturers,\\\" that tradition is changing. More and more UK universities are using the north American model, which uses the terms \\\"assistant professor\\\" before tenure and \\\"associate professor\\\" after tenure but before full professorship.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you are applying for a lecturer position in the UK and you are not a citizen of the UK, you will need to get a work visa before you begin your job. The college or university you are working for should be able to help you with this process, as many universities and colleges hire people from all over the world.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,853 |
How to Jump-Start a Career in UX Design
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1. Starting a Career in UX Design
1-1. Read online about basic UX principles.
Before you get too deep into things, read more about the field so you can decide for yourself if this is really what you want to do. Some good background reading will also help you figure out what you'd like to specialize in. Here are some strong blogs for you to get started:
UX Planet: beginner-friendly blog posts without a lot of jargon; unconventional ideas to get your brain going
The Nielsen Norman Group: a pioneer in UX design with super-educational blog posts that explain the core principles of UX
A List Apart: light and entertaining writing that's great for beginners
1-2. Take a course to learn fundamental UX design skills.
A course that's focused on portfolio-building (and there are a lot out there) will give you some good hands-on training—and you'll leave with some polished examples of your work that you can show to potential employers. Some courses are shorter, lasting only a few weeks, while boot camps are more in-depth and typically take several months to complete.
When you're looking at courses, consider the reputation of the provider, the value of the certification they offer, and the budget you have—some of these courses are free, but a lot of them do charge tuition (typically a few hundred dollars in the US).
The Google UX Design Professional Certificate is free and is a great course to start with. You'll finish in as little as 6 months and have 3 end-to-end projects completed for your portfolio.
1-3. Work on some projects to increase your familiarity with UX tools.
The only way to get quick with a program is to use it, which could be through an internship or freelance project, or just something you make up on your own. The more practice you have, the smoother it will be for you to use basic UX tools.
Take a look at some UX design job listings, specifically what programs are in demand. That will help you narrow down which programs you should focus on.
1-4. Build a portfolio to showcase your best work.
As with any design job, a UX designer's portfolio is their most important asset. Create a website to house your portfolio and upload the projects you're most proud of. They'll help potential employers get familiar with your work and your focus as a designer.
A strong portfolio has at least 5 projects that tell a story of who you are as a designer. If you're just starting out, you might not have that much to work with, but don't worry—2 or 3 projects is fine when you're just starting out.
If you're doing projects you've made up, focus on exactly what you want to do with UX design and do something at the very heart of your niche. This will show your passion.
1-5. Apply to design jobs best suited to your skillset and interests.
There are many different job titles in the UX design space, and hundreds of vacancies at any given point. That makes it easy to find possible jobs where you know you could shine.
Competition is fierce, so set up alerts on job boards so you'll know the second a new listing is posted.
2. Essential UX Design Skills
2-1. User research
UX designers have a lot of research methods at their disposal to learn about what people want and need. They analyze the data they gather through interviews, customer feedback, product testing, and focus groups to come up with strategies that will enhance the user experience of a product or service.
Optimal Workshop, Lookback, Typeform, Maze, UserZoom, dscout, Hotjar, Reframer, Asana
2-2. Visual communication
Good visual design is crucial to improve the usability and functionality of products and services. A beautiful visual design makes any website or product more attractive and engaging, and this is where UX designers come in. The visual design skills necessary make UX design a good pivot for graphic designers.
Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Sketch, Figma, GIMP
2-3. Information architecture
This is technically considered a subset of UX design, although all UX designers work with organizing information to some extent. Knowing how to arrange the information on a website in a logical and intuitive way makes that site more usable. Users have a much better experience when they can quickly and easily find the information they need.
Omnigraffle, Axure, Mind Manager, XMind, Treejack
2-4. Wireframing
A wireframe is simply an image of a website's appearance and structure, much like a mockup of a basic design. UX designers create wireframes to test various elements of their design to ensure the finished website is as accessible and user-friendly as possible.
UXPin, Balsamiq, Figma, Justinmind
2-5. Prototyping
What a wireframe is to a website, a prototype is to a physical product. UX designers create prototypes and test them to learn how people actually use the product and how intuitive the product's features are.
InVision, Proto.io, Adobe XD, Justinmind
2-6. Soft skills
In UX design, soft skills are just as important as hard skills. It takes a special kind of person to really get into the head of a user and figure out how to design a product or service to best suit what they want and need. Here are some soft skills every good UX designer has:
Empathy
Emotional intelligence
Curiosity
Communication
Collaboration
Presentation/public speaking skills
3. Building Your Portfolio
3-1. Make up your own projects to practice your skills.
It's an age-old quandary—you need a portfolio to get a job, but you need jobs to create a portfolio. Hypothetical projects work if you've got nothing else, and give you the opportunity to showcase your skills. And making up the project yourself allows you to work on something you're passionate about.
Document the whole process as you go. You'll want to include snippets about the UX design process in your portfolio to help potential employers understand how you work.
3-2. Volunteer your skills to a local small business or nonprofit.
Small businesses and nonprofit organizations often have a need for a good UX professional, but might not have the resources to hire one. If you're just starting out, that's where you come in! Offering your services gives you a project for your portfolio and a client reference.
Don't be afraid to cold-call these places. Take a look at their website through the eyes of a UX designer and brainstorm some options that could be more user-friendly. Then shoot a manager an email and explain what you can do for them.
3-3. Do an unsolicited redesign of a larger site.
Unsolicited redesigns are controversial in the UX community, but they can work well in your portfolio. Here's the key: put as much work into the project as you would if you actually worked for the company. Be professional and conscientious about it, and your work will stand out.
Talk to actual users of the site and come up with several different redesign ideas—then get those users to try them out.
Include the messy process of finding your final solution, then explain why your redesign works well to provide an enhanced user experience.
Here's an easy one: take a social media site you're active on and talk to the people you know on that site. Find out how you could make the site more user-friendly and intuitive.
3-4. Apply UX design principles at your current job.
You might not be in the position to actually be a UX designer (yet!), but you can take that core idea of focusing on the user to pretty much any occupation. Part of what makes UX design unique is its ability to transcend industries and apply in a lot of different spaces.
For example, if you're a barista in a coffee shop, you could redesign the condiment stand so that it was more user-friendly for your patrons. Talk to them about what they need to get ideas, then implement those ideas and see what happens.
4. UX Design Salary and Demand
4-1. UX designers make around $76,000 US on average as of 2023.
Not bad for a field you can break into without a college degree, right? The fact you can get into this field with relatively little investment means it's also really competitive, but with a good portfolio and a strong skillset, you'll stand out in the pack.
UX design also attracts professionals in other fields. For example, UX design might attract a computer engineer who's more empathetic and wants to do something to advocate for users.
4-2. The demand for UX designers has increased by 50% since 2022.
It's safe to say that the demand for UX designers is high across the board, with many companies looking to hire new designers in this rapidly expanding field. While the tech industry overall experienced massive layoffs in 2022 and 2023, the demand for UX designers is still surging.
Many companies that are looking for UX designers aren't even in the tech space—they're businesses in other industries that happen to have a website.
The cross-industry need for UX professionals is part of what keeps the demand so high.
5. Finding an Entry-Level Job
5-1. Make your portfolio accessible online.
Your portfolio tells prospective employers the story of who you are as a designer. Build a website that you can easily keep up-to-date with your favorite projects—the designs that make you proud. Showcase them effectively on a beautiful, user-friendly website that's easy to navigate and get pulled into.
Include drafts and process work—yes, even if it's messy—so people looking at your profile can see how you approach and work through problems.
Your site design is as important as the projects in your portfolio. Work with a developer if you aren't completely comfortable with web design yourself to make sure your site is seamless and enjoyable to peruse.
5-2. Network with aspiring and established UX designers.
When you take a UX design course, get contact information for the teachers and the other people taking the course—and keep in touch! Search for UX design groups on platforms such as LinkedIn so you can join in UX design discussions and make connections with other designers.
Check out Design Buddies on Discord and User Experience Design on LinkedIn.
There are also several UX design groups on Slack, including the UX Design Community group, which is a great place to get started networking.
Ready to take your networking offline? Search Meetup for UX design events in your area.
5-3. Take on an internship or freelance project to expand your connections.
More intensive UX design courses, such as boot camps, offer great access to internships. And freelance projects give you the opportunity to get your feet wet with a real-world project while also expanding your professional network.
Don't expect freelance projects to pay very well—especially if the company offering the opportunity is relatively small.
Use these opportunities to expand your portfolio and set you up for a full-time position.
5-4. Apply to listings posted on job boards online.
UX design is a high-demand profession and job listings are plentiful! Apply to as many jobs as you can, even if it seems like a reach. Interviewing with a lot of different companies helps you learn about industry standards and expectations.
The application process helps you manage your own expectations as well. You'll build a good sense of what roles would work best for you in terms of salary, responsibilities, and work environment.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:01",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Starting a Career in UX Design\\n1-1. Read online about basic UX principles.\\nBefore you get too deep into things, read more about the field so you can decide for yourself if this is really what you want to do. Some good background reading will also help you figure out what you'd like to specialize in. Here are some strong blogs for you to get started:\\n\\nUX Planet: beginner-friendly blog posts without a lot of jargon; unconventional ideas to get your brain going\\nThe Nielsen Norman Group: a pioneer in UX design with super-educational blog posts that explain the core principles of UX\\nA List Apart: light and entertaining writing that's great for beginners\\n1-2. Take a course to learn fundamental UX design skills.\\nA course that's focused on portfolio-building (and there are a lot out there) will give you some good hands-on training—and you'll leave with some polished examples of your work that you can show to potential employers. Some courses are shorter, lasting only a few weeks, while boot camps are more in-depth and typically take several months to complete.\\nWhen you're looking at courses, consider the reputation of the provider, the value of the certification they offer, and the budget you have—some of these courses are free, but a lot of them do charge tuition (typically a few hundred dollars in the US).\\nThe Google UX Design Professional Certificate is free and is a great course to start with. You'll finish in as little as 6 months and have 3 end-to-end projects completed for your portfolio.\\n1-3. Work on some projects to increase your familiarity with UX tools.\\nThe only way to get quick with a program is to use it, which could be through an internship or freelance project, or just something you make up on your own. The more practice you have, the smoother it will be for you to use basic UX tools.\\nTake a look at some UX design job listings, specifically what programs are in demand. That will help you narrow down which programs you should focus on.\\n1-4. Build a portfolio to showcase your best work.\\nAs with any design job, a UX designer's portfolio is their most important asset. Create a website to house your portfolio and upload the projects you're most proud of. They'll help potential employers get familiar with your work and your focus as a designer.\\nA strong portfolio has at least 5 projects that tell a story of who you are as a designer. If you're just starting out, you might not have that much to work with, but don't worry—2 or 3 projects is fine when you're just starting out.\\nIf you're doing projects you've made up, focus on exactly what you want to do with UX design and do something at the very heart of your niche. This will show your passion.\\n1-5. Apply to design jobs best suited to your skillset and interests.\\nThere are many different job titles in the UX design space, and hundreds of vacancies at any given point. That makes it easy to find possible jobs where you know you could shine.\\nCompetition is fierce, so set up alerts on job boards so you'll know the second a new listing is posted.\\n2. Essential UX Design Skills\\n2-1. User research\\nUX designers have a lot of research methods at their disposal to learn about what people want and need. They analyze the data they gather through interviews, customer feedback, product testing, and focus groups to come up with strategies that will enhance the user experience of a product or service.\\n Optimal Workshop, Lookback, Typeform, Maze, UserZoom, dscout, Hotjar, Reframer, Asana\\n2-2. Visual communication\\nGood visual design is crucial to improve the usability and functionality of products and services. A beautiful visual design makes any website or product more attractive and engaging, and this is where UX designers come in. The visual design skills necessary make UX design a good pivot for graphic designers.\\n Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Sketch, Figma, GIMP\\n2-3. Information architecture\\nThis is technically considered a subset of UX design, although all UX designers work with organizing information to some extent. Knowing how to arrange the information on a website in a logical and intuitive way makes that site more usable. Users have a much better experience when they can quickly and easily find the information they need.\\n Omnigraffle, Axure, Mind Manager, XMind, Treejack\\n2-4. Wireframing\\nA wireframe is simply an image of a website's appearance and structure, much like a mockup of a basic design. UX designers create wireframes to test various elements of their design to ensure the finished website is as accessible and user-friendly as possible.\\n UXPin, Balsamiq, Figma, Justinmind\\n2-5. Prototyping\\nWhat a wireframe is to a website, a prototype is to a physical product. UX designers create prototypes and test them to learn how people actually use the product and how intuitive the product's features are.\\n InVision, Proto.io, Adobe XD, Justinmind\\n2-6. Soft skills\\nIn UX design, soft skills are just as important as hard skills. It takes a special kind of person to really get into the head of a user and figure out how to design a product or service to best suit what they want and need. Here are some soft skills every good UX designer has:\\nEmpathy\\nEmotional intelligence\\nCuriosity\\nCommunication\\nCollaboration\\nPresentation/public speaking skills\\n3. Building Your Portfolio\\n3-1. Make up your own projects to practice your skills.\\nIt's an age-old quandary—you need a portfolio to get a job, but you need jobs to create a portfolio. Hypothetical projects work if you've got nothing else, and give you the opportunity to showcase your skills. And making up the project yourself allows you to work on something you're passionate about.\\nDocument the whole process as you go. You'll want to include snippets about the UX design process in your portfolio to help potential employers understand how you work.\\n3-2. Volunteer your skills to a local small business or nonprofit.\\nSmall businesses and nonprofit organizations often have a need for a good UX professional, but might not have the resources to hire one. If you're just starting out, that's where you come in! Offering your services gives you a project for your portfolio and a client reference.\\nDon't be afraid to cold-call these places. Take a look at their website through the eyes of a UX designer and brainstorm some options that could be more user-friendly. Then shoot a manager an email and explain what you can do for them.\\n3-3. Do an unsolicited redesign of a larger site.\\nUnsolicited redesigns are controversial in the UX community, but they can work well in your portfolio. Here's the key: put as much work into the project as you would if you actually worked for the company. Be professional and conscientious about it, and your work will stand out.\\nTalk to actual users of the site and come up with several different redesign ideas—then get those users to try them out.\\nInclude the messy process of finding your final solution, then explain why your redesign works well to provide an enhanced user experience.\\nHere's an easy one: take a social media site you're active on and talk to the people you know on that site. Find out how you could make the site more user-friendly and intuitive.\\n3-4. Apply UX design principles at your current job.\\nYou might not be in the position to actually be a UX designer (yet!), but you can take that core idea of focusing on the user to pretty much any occupation. Part of what makes UX design unique is its ability to transcend industries and apply in a lot of different spaces.\\nFor example, if you're a barista in a coffee shop, you could redesign the condiment stand so that it was more user-friendly for your patrons. Talk to them about what they need to get ideas, then implement those ideas and see what happens.\\n4. UX Design Salary and Demand\\n4-1. UX designers make around $76,000 US on average as of 2023.\\nNot bad for a field you can break into without a college degree, right? The fact you can get into this field with relatively little investment means it's also really competitive, but with a good portfolio and a strong skillset, you'll stand out in the pack.\\nUX design also attracts professionals in other fields. For example, UX design might attract a computer engineer who's more empathetic and wants to do something to advocate for users.\\n4-2. The demand for UX designers has increased by 50% since 2022.\\nIt's safe to say that the demand for UX designers is high across the board, with many companies looking to hire new designers in this rapidly expanding field. While the tech industry overall experienced massive layoffs in 2022 and 2023, the demand for UX designers is still surging.\\nMany companies that are looking for UX designers aren't even in the tech space—they're businesses in other industries that happen to have a website.\\nThe cross-industry need for UX professionals is part of what keeps the demand so high.\\n5. Finding an Entry-Level Job\\n5-1. Make your portfolio accessible online.\\nYour portfolio tells prospective employers the story of who you are as a designer. Build a website that you can easily keep up-to-date with your favorite projects—the designs that make you proud. Showcase them effectively on a beautiful, user-friendly website that's easy to navigate and get pulled into.\\nInclude drafts and process work—yes, even if it's messy—so people looking at your profile can see how you approach and work through problems.\\nYour site design is as important as the projects in your portfolio. Work with a developer if you aren't completely comfortable with web design yourself to make sure your site is seamless and enjoyable to peruse.\\n5-2. Network with aspiring and established UX designers.\\nWhen you take a UX design course, get contact information for the teachers and the other people taking the course—and keep in touch! Search for UX design groups on platforms such as LinkedIn so you can join in UX design discussions and make connections with other designers.\\nCheck out Design Buddies on Discord and User Experience Design on LinkedIn.\\nThere are also several UX design groups on Slack, including the UX Design Community group, which is a great place to get started networking.\\nReady to take your networking offline? Search Meetup for UX design events in your area.\\n5-3. Take on an internship or freelance project to expand your connections.\\nMore intensive UX design courses, such as boot camps, offer great access to internships. And freelance projects give you the opportunity to get your feet wet with a real-world project while also expanding your professional network.\\nDon't expect freelance projects to pay very well—especially if the company offering the opportunity is relatively small.\\nUse these opportunities to expand your portfolio and set you up for a full-time position.\\n5-4. Apply to listings posted on job boards online.\\nUX design is a high-demand profession and job listings are plentiful! Apply to as many jobs as you can, even if it seems like a reach. Interviewing with a lot of different companies helps you learn about industry standards and expectations.\\nThe application process helps you manage your own expectations as well. You'll build a good sense of what roles would work best for you in terms of salary, responsibilities, and work environment.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you're interested in making products and websites more accessible, intuitive, and user-friendly, why not give UX design a try? This relatively new career has been attracting a lot of attention, and for very good reason. No matter the industry, it seems like every company wants a UX designer to help improve their products or services. Read on to find out how to get the skills and connections you need to get your foot in the door of this exciting and well-paid career. Within a year or two, you could be starting your new dream job!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Starting a Career in UX Design\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Read online about basic UX principles.\", \"描述\": \"Before you get too deep into things, read more about the field so you can decide for yourself if this is really what you want to do. Some good background reading will also help you figure out what you'd like to specialize in. Here are some strong blogs for you to get started:\\n\\nUX Planet: beginner-friendly blog posts without a lot of jargon; unconventional ideas to get your brain going\\nThe Nielsen Norman Group: a pioneer in UX design with super-educational blog posts that explain the core principles of UX\\nA List Apart: light and entertaining writing that's great for beginners\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take a course to learn fundamental UX design skills.\", \"描述\": \"A course that's focused on portfolio-building (and there are a lot out there) will give you some good hands-on training—and you'll leave with some polished examples of your work that you can show to potential employers. Some courses are shorter, lasting only a few weeks, while boot camps are more in-depth and typically take several months to complete.\\nWhen you're looking at courses, consider the reputation of the provider, the value of the certification they offer, and the budget you have—some of these courses are free, but a lot of them do charge tuition (typically a few hundred dollars in the US).\\nThe Google UX Design Professional Certificate is free and is a great course to start with. You'll finish in as little as 6 months and have 3 end-to-end projects completed for your portfolio.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work on some projects to increase your familiarity with UX tools.\", \"描述\": \"The only way to get quick with a program is to use it, which could be through an internship or freelance project, or just something you make up on your own. The more practice you have, the smoother it will be for you to use basic UX tools.\\nTake a look at some UX design job listings, specifically what programs are in demand. That will help you narrow down which programs you should focus on.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Build a portfolio to showcase your best work.\", \"描述\": \"As with any design job, a UX designer's portfolio is their most important asset. Create a website to house your portfolio and upload the projects you're most proud of. They'll help potential employers get familiar with your work and your focus as a designer.\\nA strong portfolio has at least 5 projects that tell a story of who you are as a designer. If you're just starting out, you might not have that much to work with, but don't worry—2 or 3 projects is fine when you're just starting out.\\nIf you're doing projects you've made up, focus on exactly what you want to do with UX design and do something at the very heart of your niche. This will show your passion.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Apply to design jobs best suited to your skillset and interests.\", \"描述\": \"There are many different job titles in the UX design space, and hundreds of vacancies at any given point. That makes it easy to find possible jobs where you know you could shine.\\nCompetition is fierce, so set up alerts on job boards so you'll know the second a new listing is posted.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Essential UX Design Skills\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"User research\", \"描述\": \"UX designers have a lot of research methods at their disposal to learn about what people want and need. They analyze the data they gather through interviews, customer feedback, product testing, and focus groups to come up with strategies that will enhance the user experience of a product or service.\\n Optimal Workshop, Lookback, Typeform, Maze, UserZoom, dscout, Hotjar, Reframer, Asana\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Visual communication\", \"描述\": \"Good visual design is crucial to improve the usability and functionality of products and services. A beautiful visual design makes any website or product more attractive and engaging, and this is where UX designers come in. The visual design skills necessary make UX design a good pivot for graphic designers.\\n Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Sketch, Figma, GIMP\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Information architecture\", \"描述\": \"This is technically considered a subset of UX design, although all UX designers work with organizing information to some extent. Knowing how to arrange the information on a website in a logical and intuitive way makes that site more usable. Users have a much better experience when they can quickly and easily find the information they need.\\n Omnigraffle, Axure, Mind Manager, XMind, Treejack\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wireframing\", \"描述\": \"A wireframe is simply an image of a website's appearance and structure, much like a mockup of a basic design. UX designers create wireframes to test various elements of their design to ensure the finished website is as accessible and user-friendly as possible.\\n UXPin, Balsamiq, Figma, Justinmind\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Prototyping\", \"描述\": \"What a wireframe is to a website, a prototype is to a physical product. UX designers create prototypes and test them to learn how people actually use the product and how intuitive the product's features are.\\n InVision, Proto.io, Adobe XD, Justinmind\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Soft skills\", \"描述\": \"In UX design, soft skills are just as important as hard skills. It takes a special kind of person to really get into the head of a user and figure out how to design a product or service to best suit what they want and need. Here are some soft skills every good UX designer has:\\nEmpathy\\nEmotional intelligence\\nCuriosity\\nCommunication\\nCollaboration\\nPresentation/public speaking skills\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Building Your Portfolio\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make up your own projects to practice your skills.\", \"描述\": \"It's an age-old quandary—you need a portfolio to get a job, but you need jobs to create a portfolio. Hypothetical projects work if you've got nothing else, and give you the opportunity to showcase your skills. And making up the project yourself allows you to work on something you're passionate about.\\nDocument the whole process as you go. You'll want to include snippets about the UX design process in your portfolio to help potential employers understand how you work.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Volunteer your skills to a local small business or nonprofit.\", \"描述\": \"Small businesses and nonprofit organizations often have a need for a good UX professional, but might not have the resources to hire one. If you're just starting out, that's where you come in! Offering your services gives you a project for your portfolio and a client reference.\\nDon't be afraid to cold-call these places. Take a look at their website through the eyes of a UX designer and brainstorm some options that could be more user-friendly. Then shoot a manager an email and explain what you can do for them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do an unsolicited redesign of a larger site.\", \"描述\": \"Unsolicited redesigns are controversial in the UX community, but they can work well in your portfolio. Here's the key: put as much work into the project as you would if you actually worked for the company. Be professional and conscientious about it, and your work will stand out.\\nTalk to actual users of the site and come up with several different redesign ideas—then get those users to try them out.\\nInclude the messy process of finding your final solution, then explain why your redesign works well to provide an enhanced user experience.\\nHere's an easy one: take a social media site you're active on and talk to the people you know on that site. Find out how you could make the site more user-friendly and intuitive.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply UX design principles at your current job.\", \"描述\": \"You might not be in the position to actually be a UX designer (yet!), but you can take that core idea of focusing on the user to pretty much any occupation. Part of what makes UX design unique is its ability to transcend industries and apply in a lot of different spaces.\\nFor example, if you're a barista in a coffee shop, you could redesign the condiment stand so that it was more user-friendly for your patrons. Talk to them about what they need to get ideas, then implement those ideas and see what happens.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"UX Design Salary and Demand\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"UX designers make around $76,000 US on average as of 2023.\", \"描述\": \"Not bad for a field you can break into without a college degree, right? The fact you can get into this field with relatively little investment means it's also really competitive, but with a good portfolio and a strong skillset, you'll stand out in the pack.\\nUX design also attracts professionals in other fields. For example, UX design might attract a computer engineer who's more empathetic and wants to do something to advocate for users.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"The demand for UX designers has increased by 50% since 2022.\", \"描述\": \"It's safe to say that the demand for UX designers is high across the board, with many companies looking to hire new designers in this rapidly expanding field. While the tech industry overall experienced massive layoffs in 2022 and 2023, the demand for UX designers is still surging.\\nMany companies that are looking for UX designers aren't even in the tech space—they're businesses in other industries that happen to have a website.\\nThe cross-industry need for UX professionals is part of what keeps the demand so high.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Finding an Entry-Level Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make your portfolio accessible online.\", \"描述\": \"Your portfolio tells prospective employers the story of who you are as a designer. Build a website that you can easily keep up-to-date with your favorite projects—the designs that make you proud. Showcase them effectively on a beautiful, user-friendly website that's easy to navigate and get pulled into.\\nInclude drafts and process work—yes, even if it's messy—so people looking at your profile can see how you approach and work through problems.\\nYour site design is as important as the projects in your portfolio. Work with a developer if you aren't completely comfortable with web design yourself to make sure your site is seamless and enjoyable to peruse.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Network with aspiring and established UX designers.\", \"描述\": \"When you take a UX design course, get contact information for the teachers and the other people taking the course—and keep in touch! Search for UX design groups on platforms such as LinkedIn so you can join in UX design discussions and make connections with other designers.\\nCheck out Design Buddies on Discord and User Experience Design on LinkedIn.\\nThere are also several UX design groups on Slack, including the UX Design Community group, which is a great place to get started networking.\\nReady to take your networking offline? Search Meetup for UX design events in your area.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take on an internship or freelance project to expand your connections.\", \"描述\": \"More intensive UX design courses, such as boot camps, offer great access to internships. And freelance projects give you the opportunity to get your feet wet with a real-world project while also expanding your professional network.\\nDon't expect freelance projects to pay very well—especially if the company offering the opportunity is relatively small.\\nUse these opportunities to expand your portfolio and set you up for a full-time position.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply to listings posted on job boards online.\", \"描述\": \"UX design is a high-demand profession and job listings are plentiful! Apply to as many jobs as you can, even if it seems like a reach. Interviewing with a lot of different companies helps you learn about industry standards and expectations.\\nThe application process helps you manage your own expectations as well. You'll build a good sense of what roles would work best for you in terms of salary, responsibilities, and work environment.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,854 |
How to Become a Vampire in Oblivion
|
1. Getting Attacked in Barren Caves
1-1. Go to black waterside stables at Cheydinhal.
1-2. Go right until you reach The Blue Road.
1-3. Find Barren Caves.
1-4. Go inside.
You will be attacked by Vampires.
1-5. Get hit a little.
Keeping being hit until you get the message saying that you have contracted Porphilica Hemophilia.
1-6. Get out of there.
Go to an inn or to your own house.
1-7. Wait for 72 hours.
1-8. Sleep for one hour.
1-9. Done.
When you wake up, you will be a vampire.
2. Doing Quests for the Dark Brotherhood
2-1. Go with someone of the Dark Brotherhood.
Do enough quests and he'll ask you to join him to be a Stalker of the Night.
2-2. Ask him about the dark gift or take it when he offers.
2-3. Sleep for an hour.
When you wake up, you will be a vampire.
2-4. Talk to Vicente.
He'll tell you the Vampire "etiquette".
3. Doing a Quest for Azura
3-1. Talk to Azura at her shrine.
You only have to be level 2, then she'll tell you about this cave.
Her followers protecting her shrine were turned into vampires and she wants you to end their misery.
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3-2. Go to the cave.
Get hit enough times and you'll contract Porphilica Hemophilia or "vampires disease". Wait a few days then you turn into a vampire.
3-3. Continue to finish the quest and get Azura's star.
This is good for capturing souls or just leave them there, not all at once; maybe only one or two at a time.
3-4. Enjoy the glories of the darkness.
Tips
Bring healing potions to the Azura portion because it might take a few hits before you contract "Vampires Disease" / "Porphyric Hemophilia".
You cannot become a vampire once you've cured it once before. So if you want to stay a vampire, never cure yourself either through the quest or with the Vile Lair add-on.
Warnings
Don't get caught drinking blood it can suspend or expel you from guilds and get a bounty on your head!
If you are using cheats and God Mod is on, contracting the vampire disease will not affect you.
Drink blood often or you'll be very vulnerable to sunlight.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:01",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting Attacked in Barren Caves\\n1-1. Go to black waterside stables at Cheydinhal.\\n\\n1-2. Go right until you reach The Blue Road.\\n\\n1-3. Find Barren Caves.\\n\\n1-4. Go inside.\\nYou will be attacked by Vampires.\\n1-5. Get hit a little.\\nKeeping being hit until you get the message saying that you have contracted Porphilica Hemophilia.\\n1-6. Get out of there.\\nGo to an inn or to your own house.\\n1-7. Wait for 72 hours.\\n\\n1-8. Sleep for one hour.\\n\\n1-9. Done.\\nWhen you wake up, you will be a vampire.\\n2. Doing Quests for the Dark Brotherhood\\n2-1. Go with someone of the Dark Brotherhood.\\nDo enough quests and he'll ask you to join him to be a Stalker of the Night.\\n2-2. Ask him about the dark gift or take it when he offers.\\n\\n2-3. Sleep for an hour.\\nWhen you wake up, you will be a vampire.\\n2-4. Talk to Vicente.\\nHe'll tell you the Vampire \\\"etiquette\\\".\\n3. Doing a Quest for Azura\\n3-1. Talk to Azura at her shrine.\\nYou only have to be level 2, then she'll tell you about this cave.\\nHer followers protecting her shrine were turned into vampires and she wants you to end their misery.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/6\\\\/6a\\\\/Become-a-Vampire-in-Oblivion-Step-6.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Vampire-in-Oblivion-Step-6.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/6\\\\/6a\\\\/Become-a-Vampire-in-Oblivion-Step-6.jpg\\\\/aid1298867-v4-728px-Become-a-Vampire-in-Oblivion-Step-6.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\n3-2. Go to the cave.\\nGet hit enough times and you'll contract Porphilica Hemophilia or \\\"vampires disease\\\". Wait a few days then you turn into a vampire.\\n3-3. Continue to finish the quest and get Azura's star.\\nThis is good for capturing souls or just leave them there, not all at once; maybe only one or two at a time.\\n3-4. Enjoy the glories of the darkness.\\n\\nTips\\nBring healing potions to the Azura portion because it might take a few hits before you contract \\\"Vampires Disease\\\" / \\\"Porphyric Hemophilia\\\".\\nYou cannot become a vampire once you've cured it once before. So if you want to stay a vampire, never cure yourself either through the quest or with the Vile Lair add-on.\\nWarnings\\nDon't get caught drinking blood it can suspend or expel you from guilds and get a bounty on your head!\\nIf you are using cheats and God Mod is on, contracting the vampire disease will not affect you.\\nDrink blood often or you'll be very vulnerable to sunlight.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Vampires - we all hear of them. Great ones like Edward Cullen. In this game they have eyes of blood, red stalkers of the night, aging faces but never a body. This is your chance to join the vampires and become a hunter of the night.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting Attacked in Barren Caves\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Go to black waterside stables at Cheydinhal.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go right until you reach The Blue Road.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find Barren Caves.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Go inside.\", \"描述\": \"You will be attacked by Vampires.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get hit a little.\", \"描述\": \"Keeping being hit until you get the message saying that you have contracted Porphilica Hemophilia.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Get out of there.\", \"描述\": \"Go to an inn or to your own house.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Wait for 72 hours.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Sleep for one hour.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Done.\", \"描述\": \"When you wake up, you will be a vampire.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Doing Quests for the Dark Brotherhood\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Go with someone of the Dark Brotherhood.\", \"描述\": \"Do enough quests and he'll ask you to join him to be a Stalker of the Night.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask him about the dark gift or take it when he offers.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sleep for an hour.\", \"描述\": \"When you wake up, you will be a vampire.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Talk to Vicente.\", \"描述\": \"He'll tell you the Vampire \\\"etiquette\\\".\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Doing a Quest for Azura\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Talk to Azura at her shrine.\", \"描述\": \"You only have to be level 2, then she'll tell you about this cave.\\nHer followers protecting her shrine were turned into vampires and she wants you to end their misery.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/6\\\\/6a\\\\/Become-a-Vampire-in-Oblivion-Step-6.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-a-Vampire-in-Oblivion-Step-6.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/6\\\\/6a\\\\/Become-a-Vampire-in-Oblivion-Step-6.jpg\\\\/aid1298867-v4-728px-Become-a-Vampire-in-Oblivion-Step-6.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go to the cave.\", \"描述\": \"Get hit enough times and you'll contract Porphilica Hemophilia or \\\"vampires disease\\\". Wait a few days then you turn into a vampire.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Continue to finish the quest and get Azura's star.\", \"描述\": \"This is good for capturing souls or just leave them there, not all at once; maybe only one or two at a time.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Enjoy the glories of the darkness.\", \"描述\": \"\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Bring healing potions to the Azura portion because it might take a few hits before you contract \\\"Vampires Disease\\\" / \\\"Porphyric Hemophilia\\\".\\n\", \"You cannot become a vampire once you've cured it once before. So if you want to stay a vampire, never cure yourself either through the quest or with the Vile Lair add-on.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't get caught drinking blood it can suspend or expel you from guilds and get a bounty on your head!\\n\", \"If you are using cheats and God Mod is on, contracting the vampire disease will not affect you.\\n\", \"Drink blood often or you'll be very vulnerable to sunlight.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,855 |
How to Become a Vampire in Sims 2
|
1. Without Cheating
1-1. Add a Downtown to your neighborhood.
Vampires don't show up unless they're Downtown.
1-2. Travel Downtown after dark.
After 7 PM in-game, use the phone to call a taxi, or use your Sim's car. Direct them to go to a community lot downtown.
1-3. Look for a Grand Vampire.
Grand Vampires are fairly easy to spot - between their signature "bleh", walking with their arm over their face, and their unique appearance, you'll notice them as soon as they walk onto the lot.
Gray skin
Red eyes
Fangs visible when they talk
Victorian clothing
Name beginning with "Count" (for males) or "Contessa" (for females)
1-4. Improve your Sim's relationship with the vampire.
Have your Sim start interacting with the vampire, and focus on improving their relationship. You'll need a relationship of at least 50, though you may want to aim for higher.
1-5. Let the vampire bite your Sim.
Once your Sim's relationship with the Grand Vampire is high enough, the Grand Vampire will eventually bite your Sim of their own accord. Your Sim will immediately transform into a vampire after being bitten.
The Grand Vampire will then continue to bite other Sims, even if they don't have a high relationship with them, so you might want to leave the lot to protect other Sims.
2. Using Cheats
2-1. Enter the household of the Sim that you want to make a vampire.
2-2. Press Ctrl+⇧ Shift+C.
This will open the cheat window.
2-3. Type boolprop testingcheatsenabled true.
Hit ↵ Enter to enable the cheat.
2-4. Hold down ⇧ Shift and click your Sim.
Multiple options will come up; you may need to click More....
2-5. Click on Make Vampire.
Your Sim will immediately be turned into a vampire.
Your Sim will not gain the memory of becoming a vampire if you cheat. If you want the memory, you'll need to become a vampire the normal way.
3. Playing a Vampire Sim
3-1. Keep your vampire inside during the day.
Because vampire Sims will die if exposed to the sun, you'll want to keep them indoors, away from windows or other sources of light. While just being indoors will have your Sim's needs decline at a typical pace, being in the sun will cause your Sim's needs to plummet.
Your Sim can sleep in a coffin to protect themselves from the sun, which will freeze their needs.
3-2. Have your Sim live their life during the night.
Being creatures of the night, vampire Sims will have their needs frozen during the night, making it an ideal time to do whatever you choose.
3-3. Turn other Sims into vampires.
Any vampires can turn other Sims into vampires as long as they have a Lifetime Relationship of at least 50. Click on the Sim you want to turn and choose Bite Neck.
3-4. Cure your Sim of vampirism if you get bored.
If you don't want your Sim to be a vampire anymore, call the matchmaker and purchase the Vamprocillin-D potion for 60 Simoleons. The potion will be placed in their inventory. Direct your vampire to drink the potion and they'll be cured immediately.
Tips
Your vampires have some very neat new interactions and abilities: they can bite other Sim's necks, fly as a bat, and stalk around. They also can't drown and don't have a reflection, but they still can use a mirror like any other sim.
If your Sim has a high enough relationship with another vampire Sim, they can influence the vampire to take the Vamprocillin-D potion.
In The Sims 2, vampires don't age and are immune to certain types of death.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:01",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Without Cheating\\n1-1. Add a Downtown to your neighborhood.\\nVampires don't show up unless they're Downtown.\\n1-2. Travel Downtown after dark.\\nAfter 7 PM in-game, use the phone to call a taxi, or use your Sim's car. Direct them to go to a community lot downtown.\\n1-3. Look for a Grand Vampire.\\nGrand Vampires are fairly easy to spot - between their signature \\\"bleh\\\", walking with their arm over their face, and their unique appearance, you'll notice them as soon as they walk onto the lot.\\nGray skin\\nRed eyes\\nFangs visible when they talk\\nVictorian clothing\\nName beginning with \\\"Count\\\" (for males) or \\\"Contessa\\\" (for females)\\n1-4. Improve your Sim's relationship with the vampire.\\nHave your Sim start interacting with the vampire, and focus on improving their relationship. You'll need a relationship of at least 50, though you may want to aim for higher.\\n1-5. Let the vampire bite your Sim.\\nOnce your Sim's relationship with the Grand Vampire is high enough, the Grand Vampire will eventually bite your Sim of their own accord. Your Sim will immediately transform into a vampire after being bitten.\\nThe Grand Vampire will then continue to bite other Sims, even if they don't have a high relationship with them, so you might want to leave the lot to protect other Sims.\\n2. Using Cheats\\n2-1. Enter the household of the Sim that you want to make a vampire.\\n\\n2-2. Press Ctrl+⇧ Shift+C.\\nThis will open the cheat window.\\n2-3. Type boolprop testingcheatsenabled true.\\nHit ↵ Enter to enable the cheat.\\n2-4. Hold down ⇧ Shift and click your Sim.\\nMultiple options will come up; you may need to click More....\\n2-5. Click on Make Vampire.\\nYour Sim will immediately be turned into a vampire.\\nYour Sim will not gain the memory of becoming a vampire if you cheat. If you want the memory, you'll need to become a vampire the normal way.\\n3. Playing a Vampire Sim\\n3-1. Keep your vampire inside during the day.\\nBecause vampire Sims will die if exposed to the sun, you'll want to keep them indoors, away from windows or other sources of light. While just being indoors will have your Sim's needs decline at a typical pace, being in the sun will cause your Sim's needs to plummet.\\nYour Sim can sleep in a coffin to protect themselves from the sun, which will freeze their needs.\\n3-2. Have your Sim live their life during the night.\\nBeing creatures of the night, vampire Sims will have their needs frozen during the night, making it an ideal time to do whatever you choose.\\n3-3. Turn other Sims into vampires.\\nAny vampires can turn other Sims into vampires as long as they have a Lifetime Relationship of at least 50. Click on the Sim you want to turn and choose Bite Neck.\\n3-4. Cure your Sim of vampirism if you get bored.\\nIf you don't want your Sim to be a vampire anymore, call the matchmaker and purchase the Vamprocillin-D potion for 60 Simoleons. The potion will be placed in their inventory. Direct your vampire to drink the potion and they'll be cured immediately.\\nTips\\nYour vampires have some very neat new interactions and abilities: they can bite other Sim's necks, fly as a bat, and stalk around. They also can't drown and don't have a reflection, but they still can use a mirror like any other sim.\\nIf your Sim has a high enough relationship with another vampire Sim, they can influence the vampire to take the Vamprocillin-D potion.\\nIn The Sims 2, vampires don't age and are immune to certain types of death.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The Sims 2 Nightlife introduced vampires to the game, allowing ordinary Sims to live amongst these supernatural beings. If your Sim wants to become a vampire, or if you're just bored of playing typical Sims, you can turn your Sim into a vampire, too.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Without Cheating\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Add a Downtown to your neighborhood.\", \"描述\": \"Vampires don't show up unless they're Downtown.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Travel Downtown after dark.\", \"描述\": \"After 7 PM in-game, use the phone to call a taxi, or use your Sim's car. Direct them to go to a community lot downtown.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for a Grand Vampire.\", \"描述\": \"Grand Vampires are fairly easy to spot - between their signature \\\"bleh\\\", walking with their arm over their face, and their unique appearance, you'll notice them as soon as they walk onto the lot.\\nGray skin\\nRed eyes\\nFangs visible when they talk\\nVictorian clothing\\nName beginning with \\\"Count\\\" (for males) or \\\"Contessa\\\" (for females)\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Improve your Sim's relationship with the vampire.\", \"描述\": \"Have your Sim start interacting with the vampire, and focus on improving their relationship. You'll need a relationship of at least 50, though you may want to aim for higher.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Let the vampire bite your Sim.\", \"描述\": \"Once your Sim's relationship with the Grand Vampire is high enough, the Grand Vampire will eventually bite your Sim of their own accord. Your Sim will immediately transform into a vampire after being bitten.\\nThe Grand Vampire will then continue to bite other Sims, even if they don't have a high relationship with them, so you might want to leave the lot to protect other Sims.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using Cheats\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Enter the household of the Sim that you want to make a vampire.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Press Ctrl+⇧ Shift+C.\", \"描述\": \"This will open the cheat window.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Type boolprop testingcheatsenabled true.\", \"描述\": \"Hit ↵ Enter to enable the cheat.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Hold down ⇧ Shift and click your Sim.\", \"描述\": \"Multiple options will come up; you may need to click More....\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Click on Make Vampire.\", \"描述\": \"Your Sim will immediately be turned into a vampire.\\nYour Sim will not gain the memory of becoming a vampire if you cheat. If you want the memory, you'll need to become a vampire the normal way.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Playing a Vampire Sim\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep your vampire inside during the day.\", \"描述\": \"Because vampire Sims will die if exposed to the sun, you'll want to keep them indoors, away from windows or other sources of light. While just being indoors will have your Sim's needs decline at a typical pace, being in the sun will cause your Sim's needs to plummet.\\nYour Sim can sleep in a coffin to protect themselves from the sun, which will freeze their needs.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Have your Sim live their life during the night.\", \"描述\": \"Being creatures of the night, vampire Sims will have their needs frozen during the night, making it an ideal time to do whatever you choose.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn other Sims into vampires.\", \"描述\": \"Any vampires can turn other Sims into vampires as long as they have a Lifetime Relationship of at least 50. Click on the Sim you want to turn and choose Bite Neck.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Cure your Sim of vampirism if you get bored.\", \"描述\": \"If you don't want your Sim to be a vampire anymore, call the matchmaker and purchase the Vamprocillin-D potion for 60 Simoleons. The potion will be placed in their inventory. Direct your vampire to drink the potion and they'll be cured immediately.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Your vampires have some very neat new interactions and abilities: they can bite other Sim's necks, fly as a bat, and stalk around. They also can't drown and don't have a reflection, but they still can use a mirror like any other sim.\\n\", \"If your Sim has a high enough relationship with another vampire Sim, they can influence the vampire to take the Vamprocillin-D potion.\\n\", \"In The Sims 2, vampires don't age and are immune to certain types of death.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,856 |
How to Become a Vampire in Skyrim
|
1. Becoming a Normal Vampire
1-1. Contract the disease "Sanguinare Vampiris".
This is the disease that will eventually lead to vampirism. You can contract the disease by getting attacked by vampire enemies. Physical vampiric weapons and the spell "Vampiric Drain" both have a 10% chance of transmitting the disease each time you are attacked.
Morvarth’s Lair is one of the easiest place to contract Sanguinare Vampiris, as the opening area of the cave has several low-level vampires. You will be able to take several hits before dying, giving you a greater chance to get infected. Other locations include Bloodlet Throne, Haemar's Shame, Fellglow Keep, Red water Den (Dawnguard) and Broken Fang Cave.
1-2. Ensure that you are not immune.
If you are infected with Lycanthropy (werewolf), you will be immune to Sanguinare Vampiris. Hircine's Ring will also make you immune. Argonians and Wood Elves are less likely to contract it as well thanks to their natural disease resistance.
1-3. Do not cure Sanguinare Vampiris.
The disease will take 72 hours in game to transform into vampirism. After this period, the player will become a vampire.
You will see messages accompanied by red flashes as you come nearer to the 72 hour deadline.
You will need to touch sunlight at least once before the game will allow you to transform into a vampire.
Sanguinare Vampires can be cured by drinking a Cure Disease potion or by praying at a shrine. Avoid doing either of these for three days.
1-4. Use the console (PC only).
You can quickly become a vampire without having to contract Sanguine Vampiris by using the console to cheat. Open the console by pressing ~.
Type player.setrace playerraceracevampire and press ↵ Enter. For example, if you are a Khajit, type player.setrace khajitracevampire.
2. Becoming a Vampire Lord
2-1. Obtain Dawnguard.
This is an expansion for Skyrim, and is required to access the Vampire Lord perks. Dawnguard is available for all systems that Skyrim is available for. Vampire Lords have significantly different weaknesses to frost and fire compared to standard Skyrim vampirism.
Vampire Lords can transform into fearsome winged beasts. You will be able to cast Blood Magic and can unlock a variety of powerful vampiric abilities.
2-2. Start the Dawnguard quest.
After you install the Dawnguard expansion, guards and innkeepers will begin telling the players about the group of vampire hunters. This will begin the quest. You will need to travel to Fort Dawnguard, located in the southeastern corner of the map, to the east of Riften.
2-3. Start the "Awakening" quest.
After speaking to the Dawnguard, you will receive this quest, sending you to Dimhollow Crypt. Once there, you will find the vampire Serana, who asks the player to escort her to her father at Castle Volkihar.
2-4. Escort Serana home.
Take Serena to Castle Volkihar, located to the west of Solitude. Return Serana to Lord Harkon and he will offer to make the player into a Vampire Lord. This is your first chance to become a Vampire Lord, but you will have two more chances later on if you decline here.
In the quest Chasing Echoes, Serana offers to turn the player into a Vampire Lord. This is because living things cannot normally enter the Soul Cairn.
After defeating Harkon completing Kindred Judgment, the final quest in the Dawnguard questline, the player can ask Serana to make her/him into a Vampire Lord.
2-5. Use the console (PC only).
If you'd rather not go through the quests to become a Vampire Lord, you can enable it by cheating through the console. Open the console by pressing ~.
If you are not a regular vampire, turn into one by using the commands at the end of the previous section first.
Enter the following command to give yourself the ability to turn into a Vampire Lord: player.addspell 300283b. Then, type player.addspell 301462a to gain access to the Vampire Lord spells.
3. Living as a Vampire
3-1. Balance your positive and negative effects.
Every 24 hours after becoming a vampire, you will progress to the next "Stage" of vampirism. There are four possible stages, with increasing bonuses and negative effects. Feeding will always return you to Stage One.
Each stage will increase your resistance to Frost, but will increase your susceptibility to Fire.
The damage you take from sunlight increases each stage.
Each stage grants you access to more vampiric spells and increases your vampiric strength.
NPCs will become more hostile towards you as the stages increases, attacking you on sight at Stage Four.
3-2. Travel at night.
Sunlight will hurt you, especially if you are in the later stages of vampirism. Night-time travel will also help keep you out of sight of most NPCs. Make good use of your vampiric abilities to hide yourself from sight.
3-3. Feed to quell your bloodthirst.
If you want to avoid most of the negative effects of vampirism, you will need to feed regularly. If you are playing standard Skyrim, you can feed on sleeping people by approaching them and pressing the interaction button as if you were Pickpocketing. Another option will appear, allowing you to Feed.
If you're playing Dawnguard, you can feed on a conscious person if you cast the Vampire's Seduction spell first.
Feeding will cause witnesses to become hostile, and will incur a 40 gold bounty if you're caught.
Feeding on your spouse is one of the easier ways to manage your bloodthirst.
3-4. Cure your vampirism.
If you've had enough of being a vampire, you can undertake a special quest to reverse the effects. First, ask any bartender for rumors and you will be told about Falion, who studies vampires. You can find Falion in Morthal.
Falion will inform you that vampirism can be reversed with a filled Black Soul Gem. You can fill a Black Soul Gem by casting Soul Trap on a humanoid opponent before defeating it. Falion will sell you an empty Black Soul Gem if you need one.
Turn filled Soul Gem over to Falion and he will remove your vampirism. This can be repeated as often as you'd like, as long as you have a filled Black Soul Gem.
3-5. Cure your vampirism with the console (PC only).
If you can't get to the quest and you're desperate to revert your vampirism, you can use the console to cheat and remove it instantly. Open the console by pressing ~.
Type player.addspell 301462a and press ↵ Enter. Then type showracemenu and change your race. Vampirism will be cured immediately.
Warnings
You cannot be a werewolf and a vampire at the same time. Any character that is a werewolf will be cured of lycanthropy by becoming a vampire.
Curing vampirism can be difficult and time-consuming. Save your game before becoming a vampire.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:01",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Becoming a Normal Vampire\\n1-1. Contract the disease \\\"Sanguinare Vampiris\\\".\\nThis is the disease that will eventually lead to vampirism. You can contract the disease by getting attacked by vampire enemies. Physical vampiric weapons and the spell \\\"Vampiric Drain\\\" both have a 10% chance of transmitting the disease each time you are attacked.\\nMorvarth’s Lair is one of the easiest place to contract Sanguinare Vampiris, as the opening area of the cave has several low-level vampires. You will be able to take several hits before dying, giving you a greater chance to get infected. Other locations include Bloodlet Throne, Haemar's Shame, Fellglow Keep, Red water Den (Dawnguard) and Broken Fang Cave.\\n1-2. Ensure that you are not immune.\\nIf you are infected with Lycanthropy (werewolf), you will be immune to Sanguinare Vampiris. Hircine's Ring will also make you immune. Argonians and Wood Elves are less likely to contract it as well thanks to their natural disease resistance.\\n1-3. Do not cure Sanguinare Vampiris.\\nThe disease will take 72 hours in game to transform into vampirism. After this period, the player will become a vampire.\\nYou will see messages accompanied by red flashes as you come nearer to the 72 hour deadline.\\nYou will need to touch sunlight at least once before the game will allow you to transform into a vampire.\\nSanguinare Vampires can be cured by drinking a Cure Disease potion or by praying at a shrine. Avoid doing either of these for three days.\\n1-4. Use the console (PC only).\\nYou can quickly become a vampire without having to contract Sanguine Vampiris by using the console to cheat. Open the console by pressing ~.\\nType player.setrace playerraceracevampire and press ↵ Enter. For example, if you are a Khajit, type player.setrace khajitracevampire.\\n2. Becoming a Vampire Lord\\n2-1. Obtain Dawnguard.\\nThis is an expansion for Skyrim, and is required to access the Vampire Lord perks. Dawnguard is available for all systems that Skyrim is available for. Vampire Lords have significantly different weaknesses to frost and fire compared to standard Skyrim vampirism.\\nVampire Lords can transform into fearsome winged beasts. You will be able to cast Blood Magic and can unlock a variety of powerful vampiric abilities.\\n2-2. Start the Dawnguard quest.\\nAfter you install the Dawnguard expansion, guards and innkeepers will begin telling the players about the group of vampire hunters. This will begin the quest. You will need to travel to Fort Dawnguard, located in the southeastern corner of the map, to the east of Riften.\\n2-3. Start the \\\"Awakening\\\" quest.\\nAfter speaking to the Dawnguard, you will receive this quest, sending you to Dimhollow Crypt. Once there, you will find the vampire Serana, who asks the player to escort her to her father at Castle Volkihar.\\n2-4. Escort Serana home.\\nTake Serena to Castle Volkihar, located to the west of Solitude. Return Serana to Lord Harkon and he will offer to make the player into a Vampire Lord. This is your first chance to become a Vampire Lord, but you will have two more chances later on if you decline here.\\nIn the quest Chasing Echoes, Serana offers to turn the player into a Vampire Lord. This is because living things cannot normally enter the Soul Cairn.\\nAfter defeating Harkon completing Kindred Judgment, the final quest in the Dawnguard questline, the player can ask Serana to make her/him into a Vampire Lord.\\n2-5. Use the console (PC only).\\nIf you'd rather not go through the quests to become a Vampire Lord, you can enable it by cheating through the console. Open the console by pressing ~.\\nIf you are not a regular vampire, turn into one by using the commands at the end of the previous section first.\\nEnter the following command to give yourself the ability to turn into a Vampire Lord: player.addspell 300283b. Then, type player.addspell 301462a to gain access to the Vampire Lord spells.\\n3. Living as a Vampire\\n3-1. Balance your positive and negative effects.\\nEvery 24 hours after becoming a vampire, you will progress to the next \\\"Stage\\\" of vampirism. There are four possible stages, with increasing bonuses and negative effects. Feeding will always return you to Stage One.\\nEach stage will increase your resistance to Frost, but will increase your susceptibility to Fire.\\nThe damage you take from sunlight increases each stage.\\nEach stage grants you access to more vampiric spells and increases your vampiric strength.\\nNPCs will become more hostile towards you as the stages increases, attacking you on sight at Stage Four.\\n3-2. Travel at night.\\nSunlight will hurt you, especially if you are in the later stages of vampirism. Night-time travel will also help keep you out of sight of most NPCs. Make good use of your vampiric abilities to hide yourself from sight.\\n3-3. Feed to quell your bloodthirst.\\nIf you want to avoid most of the negative effects of vampirism, you will need to feed regularly. If you are playing standard Skyrim, you can feed on sleeping people by approaching them and pressing the interaction button as if you were Pickpocketing. Another option will appear, allowing you to Feed.\\nIf you're playing Dawnguard, you can feed on a conscious person if you cast the Vampire's Seduction spell first.\\nFeeding will cause witnesses to become hostile, and will incur a 40 gold bounty if you're caught.\\nFeeding on your spouse is one of the easier ways to manage your bloodthirst.\\n3-4. Cure your vampirism.\\nIf you've had enough of being a vampire, you can undertake a special quest to reverse the effects. First, ask any bartender for rumors and you will be told about Falion, who studies vampires. You can find Falion in Morthal.\\nFalion will inform you that vampirism can be reversed with a filled Black Soul Gem. You can fill a Black Soul Gem by casting Soul Trap on a humanoid opponent before defeating it. Falion will sell you an empty Black Soul Gem if you need one.\\nTurn filled Soul Gem over to Falion and he will remove your vampirism. This can be repeated as often as you'd like, as long as you have a filled Black Soul Gem.\\n3-5. Cure your vampirism with the console (PC only).\\nIf you can't get to the quest and you're desperate to revert your vampirism, you can use the console to cheat and remove it instantly. Open the console by pressing ~.\\nType player.addspell 301462a and press ↵ Enter. Then type showracemenu and change your race. Vampirism will be cured immediately.\\nWarnings\\nYou cannot be a werewolf and a vampire at the same time. Any character that is a werewolf will be cured of lycanthropy by becoming a vampire.\\nCuring vampirism can be difficult and time-consuming. Save your game before becoming a vampire.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Want to add a bit of challenge to your next Skyrim playthrough? Why not try playing as a vampire? This wikiHow will show you how to become a vampire, upgrade to a Vampire Lord, and how to live as a vampire in the game.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Normal Vampire\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Contract the disease \\\"Sanguinare Vampiris\\\".\", \"描述\": \"This is the disease that will eventually lead to vampirism. You can contract the disease by getting attacked by vampire enemies. Physical vampiric weapons and the spell \\\"Vampiric Drain\\\" both have a 10% chance of transmitting the disease each time you are attacked.\\nMorvarth’s Lair is one of the easiest place to contract Sanguinare Vampiris, as the opening area of the cave has several low-level vampires. You will be able to take several hits before dying, giving you a greater chance to get infected. Other locations include Bloodlet Throne, Haemar's Shame, Fellglow Keep, Red water Den (Dawnguard) and Broken Fang Cave.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ensure that you are not immune.\", \"描述\": \"If you are infected with Lycanthropy (werewolf), you will be immune to Sanguinare Vampiris. Hircine's Ring will also make you immune. Argonians and Wood Elves are less likely to contract it as well thanks to their natural disease resistance.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do not cure Sanguinare Vampiris.\", \"描述\": \"The disease will take 72 hours in game to transform into vampirism. After this period, the player will become a vampire.\\nYou will see messages accompanied by red flashes as you come nearer to the 72 hour deadline.\\nYou will need to touch sunlight at least once before the game will allow you to transform into a vampire.\\nSanguinare Vampires can be cured by drinking a Cure Disease potion or by praying at a shrine. Avoid doing either of these for three days.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use the console (PC only).\", \"描述\": \"You can quickly become a vampire without having to contract Sanguine Vampiris by using the console to cheat. Open the console by pressing ~.\\nType player.setrace playerraceracevampire and press ↵ Enter. For example, if you are a Khajit, type player.setrace khajitracevampire.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Vampire Lord\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Obtain Dawnguard.\", \"描述\": \"This is an expansion for Skyrim, and is required to access the Vampire Lord perks. Dawnguard is available for all systems that Skyrim is available for. Vampire Lords have significantly different weaknesses to frost and fire compared to standard Skyrim vampirism.\\nVampire Lords can transform into fearsome winged beasts. You will be able to cast Blood Magic and can unlock a variety of powerful vampiric abilities.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start the Dawnguard quest.\", \"描述\": \"After you install the Dawnguard expansion, guards and innkeepers will begin telling the players about the group of vampire hunters. This will begin the quest. You will need to travel to Fort Dawnguard, located in the southeastern corner of the map, to the east of Riften.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Start the \\\"Awakening\\\" quest.\", \"描述\": \"After speaking to the Dawnguard, you will receive this quest, sending you to Dimhollow Crypt. Once there, you will find the vampire Serana, who asks the player to escort her to her father at Castle Volkihar.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Escort Serana home.\", \"描述\": \"Take Serena to Castle Volkihar, located to the west of Solitude. Return Serana to Lord Harkon and he will offer to make the player into a Vampire Lord. This is your first chance to become a Vampire Lord, but you will have two more chances later on if you decline here.\\nIn the quest Chasing Echoes, Serana offers to turn the player into a Vampire Lord. This is because living things cannot normally enter the Soul Cairn.\\nAfter defeating Harkon completing Kindred Judgment, the final quest in the Dawnguard questline, the player can ask Serana to make her/him into a Vampire Lord.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Use the console (PC only).\", \"描述\": \"If you'd rather not go through the quests to become a Vampire Lord, you can enable it by cheating through the console. Open the console by pressing ~.\\nIf you are not a regular vampire, turn into one by using the commands at the end of the previous section first.\\nEnter the following command to give yourself the ability to turn into a Vampire Lord: player.addspell 300283b. Then, type player.addspell 301462a to gain access to the Vampire Lord spells.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Living as a Vampire\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Balance your positive and negative effects.\", \"描述\": \"Every 24 hours after becoming a vampire, you will progress to the next \\\"Stage\\\" of vampirism. There are four possible stages, with increasing bonuses and negative effects. Feeding will always return you to Stage One.\\nEach stage will increase your resistance to Frost, but will increase your susceptibility to Fire.\\nThe damage you take from sunlight increases each stage.\\nEach stage grants you access to more vampiric spells and increases your vampiric strength.\\nNPCs will become more hostile towards you as the stages increases, attacking you on sight at Stage Four.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Travel at night.\", \"描述\": \"Sunlight will hurt you, especially if you are in the later stages of vampirism. Night-time travel will also help keep you out of sight of most NPCs. Make good use of your vampiric abilities to hide yourself from sight.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Feed to quell your bloodthirst.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to avoid most of the negative effects of vampirism, you will need to feed regularly. If you are playing standard Skyrim, you can feed on sleeping people by approaching them and pressing the interaction button as if you were Pickpocketing. Another option will appear, allowing you to Feed.\\nIf you're playing Dawnguard, you can feed on a conscious person if you cast the Vampire's Seduction spell first.\\nFeeding will cause witnesses to become hostile, and will incur a 40 gold bounty if you're caught.\\nFeeding on your spouse is one of the easier ways to manage your bloodthirst.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Cure your vampirism.\", \"描述\": \"If you've had enough of being a vampire, you can undertake a special quest to reverse the effects. First, ask any bartender for rumors and you will be told about Falion, who studies vampires. You can find Falion in Morthal.\\nFalion will inform you that vampirism can be reversed with a filled Black Soul Gem. You can fill a Black Soul Gem by casting Soul Trap on a humanoid opponent before defeating it. Falion will sell you an empty Black Soul Gem if you need one.\\nTurn filled Soul Gem over to Falion and he will remove your vampirism. This can be repeated as often as you'd like, as long as you have a filled Black Soul Gem.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Cure your vampirism with the console (PC only).\", \"描述\": \"If you can't get to the quest and you're desperate to revert your vampirism, you can use the console to cheat and remove it instantly. Open the console by pressing ~.\\nType player.addspell 301462a and press ↵ Enter. Then type showracemenu and change your race. Vampirism will be cured immediately.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"You cannot be a werewolf and a vampire at the same time. Any character that is a werewolf will be cured of lycanthropy by becoming a vampire.\\n\", \"Curing vampirism can be difficult and time-consuming. Save your game before becoming a vampire.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,857 |
How to Become a Vascular Surgeon
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1. Getting an Education
1-1. Get your high school diploma or GED.
If you’re still in school, try to take as many science and biology classes as you can to help you learn about the body better. Be sure to focus on your coursework so you can earn the best grades possible. If you didn’t receive a high school diploma, search for a general educational development (GED) program near you and take the classes. Take the examination at the end of the class to earn a high school equivalency diploma.
Many GED courses are offered at night so you can still work full-time and take the classes afterward.
Try to get involved with science-based extracurriculars or clubs if your high school offers any.
1-2. Earn a bachelor’s degree in biology or health sciences.
Pick a major that interests you in a science- or health-related field so you seem more desirable to med schools. Be sure to take at least 1 year of biology, 1 year of English, and 2 years of chemistry since these are usually the minimum requirements you need for medical school. Concentrate on your academics so you can get the highest GPA you can.
Look for clubs or activities related to science or medical fields so you can connect with like-minded individuals and make new connections.
Each medical school requires different prerequisite courses, so if you have one in mind, look up their academic requirements so you can plan what to take during your pre-med.
1-3. Take the MCAT exam so you can apply to medical school.
Go online and register for The Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) during the spring before you graduate from your pre-med school. Select the nearest test center and arrive at least 15 minutes early on the scheduled date. Complete the entire multiple-choice test during the testing period and wait about 1 month to get your results back. Usually, a score around 510 is considered good, but it varies on the exam averages.
The MCAT usually lasts over 6 hours with breaks and contains sections about biological foundations; chemical and physical foundations; psychological, social, and biological foundations of behavior; and critical analysis and reasoning.
There are many practice tests and study guides for the MCAT online.
1-4. Obtain a medical degree in surgery from an accredited school.
Submit an application along with your MCAT scores to an accredited med school you're interested in. Opt for electives that focus on vascular surgery during your first and second years so you’re able to start learning about procedures right away. During the third and fourth years of med school, begin doing clinicals, where you learn and train for basic procedures in a hospital setting under instructor supervision.
Connect with your instructors and other students in your courses so you can network and learn about new opportunities from them.
If you take vascular surgery courses in the first 2 years of school, you may also be able to shadow clinical vascular surgeons early on so you can observe and learn from them.
2. Completing Your Fellowship and Certification
2-1. Choose a 5-2 fellowship for certification in vascular and general surgery.
In a 5+2 program, you’ll spend the first 5 years completing a clinical residency for general surgery. After that, you will spend 2 years focusing on vascular surgery practices so you can gain experience in the field. If you plan on opening a private practice or you also want the option to work as a general surgeon, look for 5+2 fellowship options for your residency.
Some locations may offer all 7 years at the same location, while others may have you complete your general residency and vascular fellowship separately.
If you performed well in medical school, you may qualify for a 4+2 early specialization program, which allows you to start performing vascular surgery sooner.
Residencies are when you work in a hospital or clinic for basic surgical procedures while fellowships are the training periods where you learn specialized skills in a specific branch of medicine.
2-2. Select a 0+5 integrated fellowship if you only want to focus on vascular surgery.
Integrated fellowships usually have 2 years of general surgery training immediately followed by 3 years of training for vascular surgery. However, an integrated fellowship will not allow you to get certified for general surgery, so it may not be the right path if you plan on starting your own practice or changing careers later on.
You can usually see the monthly breakdown of when you’ll learn certain procedures if you look at the university clinic’s website.
2-3. Apply for an accredited fellowship program at a clinic where you want to study.
Start looking for fellowships during your last year in medical school so you’re able to start right when you graduate. Check online residency and fellowship boards so you can see a list of accredited clinics that offer the type of program you want to complete. Click on the programs that interest you the most from the list so you can access their individual applications. Fill out the application entirely and submit them online. so you can perform surgeries and continue learning about correct procedures in a real work setting.
You can look for open residencies and fellowships here: https://services.aamc.org/eras/erasstats/par/index.cfm
During your residency and fellowship, you will receive training and gain operating experience so you can learn specialized skills for vascular surgery and improve.
Finding a vascular surgery residency is moderately competitive, but usually most people that apply are able to find one.
2-4. Take the Vascular Surgery Qualifying Exam when you finish your fellowship.
Fill out the application for the Qualifying Exam (QE) online to receive a registration letter. Register for the test date listed in the letter to reserve a spot at the nearest testing center. Arrive at your testing center at least 15 minutes early and complete the exam on the provided computer. You have 4 opportunities within 4 years to take and pass the exam before you need to register again.
You can find registration for the QE here: http://www.absurgery.org/default.jsp?app_vqe_inst. You will need to make an account on the website before you’re able to register.
The QE consists of 250 multiple-choice questions about different types of patient care in regards to vascular surgery and is given in 4 blocks that are 90 minutes each.
You will get the results of the qualifying exam within 1–2 months of taking it.
You can fill out the application online here: http://www.absurgery.org/default.jsp?app_vqe_inst.
2-5. Complete the Certifying Exam after you pass the QE.
You will only receive an email or letter to register for the Certifying Exam (CE), which is only held during the spring in Philadelphia, when you successfully pass the QE. Register for the CE online and pay any fees involved. Answer the questions as clearly and detailed as possible that best manage the problems you’re asked about.
The exam consists of 3 consecutive oral sessions that are each 30 minutes, and the examiners will evaluate your clinical skills while diagnosing common problems with vascular surgery.
You will get results within 7 days of the exam, and you’ll get your vascular surgery certificate within 6 months.
You will have 3 opportunities within a 3-year period to complete and pass the CE.
3. Finding a Position
3-1. Write a CV that lists your education and work experience.
Make sure your name and any title you hold are listed at the top of the page in the largest font. List all of your educational history and the years that you attended, including any relevant electives or courses. Then, write down all of your clinical experience and the duties that you performed there to show prospective employers what you’ve been responsible for in the past.
Use a font that’s easy to read, such as Arial or Times, and use bullet points to help employers find your information easier.
Keep your CV limited to about 2–3 pages so it isn’t too overwhelming to look at.
You may also include any research or publications that you’ve done in your CV.
3-2. Check job boards for open positions at hospitals or private practices.
Look online for job postings on medical sites or sites dedicated to vascular surgery to see which positions are open. Look at the requirements for each role you’re interested in to see if you meet their qualifications. Fill out an application online and send a copy of your CV to the employer to show that you’re interested.
You can find postings for vascular surgeons here: https://svs.careerwebsite.com/jobs/.
You may also be able to find positions listed on non-medical job boards.
3-3. Reach out to medical schools if you want to teach surgery to others.
Send an email or call the dean of a medical school or clinic where you want to work and let them know about your interest. Ask them if they have any open positions for vascular surgeons or see if they know of any places that are looking. Submit any application material as well as your CV to the potential schools so they can see if you’re qualified for the positions.
Talk to connections you made while you were in med school or from your residencies to see if they know of any open positions.
3-4. Join a professional group for vascular surgery to learn about open positions.
Professional groups or societies are great ways to network with like-minded individuals and learn about new openings. Search online for a group, such as the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) or the World Federation of Vascular Societies, and see what they have to offer. While some groups require you to pay a membership fee, others only need you to register an account on their site.
You can find a list of groups that you can join here: https://vascular.org/about-svs/affiliated-organizations.
You may also find specific professional groups for your state or region.
3-5. Interview with the prospective employers to see if you’re a good fit.
Arrive at least 15 minutes early to the interview so you don’t feel rushed. Mention qualities about yourself that you can bring to the clinic to help persuade the employer. Ask about the overall goals of the clinic and how the faculty interact with one another to see if you’d make a good addition to the team. If you leave a good impression, you may be asked back for another interview.
The employer will usually spend the entire day walking you through the clinic or practice so you can see what the work environment is like.
3-6. Sign the employer’s contract when you want to accept a position.
When the employer offers a position, they will have a contract that lists your base salary and how long you’ll be employed at the clinic. Read over the contract carefully and ask the employer any lingering questions you have about the terms. If you agree with all of the terms, sign the contract so you can start working. Otherwise, try to negotiate with the employer so you can find terms that work for both of you.
Contracts will also have information about legal issues, such as malpractice insurance, non-compete agreements, or partnerships.
Every contract will vary, so make sure you check the terms on each one you receive.
3-7. Get used to working long and demanding shifts.
Your workday usually starts early in the morning and finishes late in the evening, so you may work close to 60–70 hours each week. Usually, you will spend 2–3 days in the operating room while the other 2 days will be in clinics. In addition, you may need to be on call during off-hours in case of an emergency. Make sure you get enough rest between shifts so you’re alert and ready for the next day.
Vascular surgeons usually have an average salary of $398,636 USD per year.
Working in vascular surgery can be a high-stress lifestyle, so be sure to take care of your personal and mental health.
Warnings
Working as a vascular surgeon involves long hours that can be stressful and demanding. Make sure you’re able to manage your own health as well.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:01",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting an Education\\n1-1. Get your high school diploma or GED.\\nIf you’re still in school, try to take as many science and biology classes as you can to help you learn about the body better. Be sure to focus on your coursework so you can earn the best grades possible. If you didn’t receive a high school diploma, search for a general educational development (GED) program near you and take the classes. Take the examination at the end of the class to earn a high school equivalency diploma.\\nMany GED courses are offered at night so you can still work full-time and take the classes afterward.\\nTry to get involved with science-based extracurriculars or clubs if your high school offers any.\\n1-2. Earn a bachelor’s degree in biology or health sciences.\\nPick a major that interests you in a science- or health-related field so you seem more desirable to med schools. Be sure to take at least 1 year of biology, 1 year of English, and 2 years of chemistry since these are usually the minimum requirements you need for medical school. Concentrate on your academics so you can get the highest GPA you can.\\nLook for clubs or activities related to science or medical fields so you can connect with like-minded individuals and make new connections.\\nEach medical school requires different prerequisite courses, so if you have one in mind, look up their academic requirements so you can plan what to take during your pre-med.\\n1-3. Take the MCAT exam so you can apply to medical school.\\nGo online and register for The Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) during the spring before you graduate from your pre-med school. Select the nearest test center and arrive at least 15 minutes early on the scheduled date. Complete the entire multiple-choice test during the testing period and wait about 1 month to get your results back. Usually, a score around 510 is considered good, but it varies on the exam averages.\\nThe MCAT usually lasts over 6 hours with breaks and contains sections about biological foundations; chemical and physical foundations; psychological, social, and biological foundations of behavior; and critical analysis and reasoning.\\nThere are many practice tests and study guides for the MCAT online.\\n1-4. Obtain a medical degree in surgery from an accredited school.\\nSubmit an application along with your MCAT scores to an accredited med school you're interested in. Opt for electives that focus on vascular surgery during your first and second years so you’re able to start learning about procedures right away. During the third and fourth years of med school, begin doing clinicals, where you learn and train for basic procedures in a hospital setting under instructor supervision.\\nConnect with your instructors and other students in your courses so you can network and learn about new opportunities from them.\\nIf you take vascular surgery courses in the first 2 years of school, you may also be able to shadow clinical vascular surgeons early on so you can observe and learn from them.\\n2. Completing Your Fellowship and Certification\\n2-1. Choose a 5-2 fellowship for certification in vascular and general surgery.\\nIn a 5+2 program, you’ll spend the first 5 years completing a clinical residency for general surgery. After that, you will spend 2 years focusing on vascular surgery practices so you can gain experience in the field. If you plan on opening a private practice or you also want the option to work as a general surgeon, look for 5+2 fellowship options for your residency.\\nSome locations may offer all 7 years at the same location, while others may have you complete your general residency and vascular fellowship separately.\\nIf you performed well in medical school, you may qualify for a 4+2 early specialization program, which allows you to start performing vascular surgery sooner.\\nResidencies are when you work in a hospital or clinic for basic surgical procedures while fellowships are the training periods where you learn specialized skills in a specific branch of medicine.\\n2-2. Select a 0+5 integrated fellowship if you only want to focus on vascular surgery.\\nIntegrated fellowships usually have 2 years of general surgery training immediately followed by 3 years of training for vascular surgery. However, an integrated fellowship will not allow you to get certified for general surgery, so it may not be the right path if you plan on starting your own practice or changing careers later on.\\nYou can usually see the monthly breakdown of when you’ll learn certain procedures if you look at the university clinic’s website.\\n2-3. Apply for an accredited fellowship program at a clinic where you want to study.\\nStart looking for fellowships during your last year in medical school so you’re able to start right when you graduate. Check online residency and fellowship boards so you can see a list of accredited clinics that offer the type of program you want to complete. Click on the programs that interest you the most from the list so you can access their individual applications. Fill out the application entirely and submit them online. so you can perform surgeries and continue learning about correct procedures in a real work setting.\\nYou can look for open residencies and fellowships here: https://services.aamc.org/eras/erasstats/par/index.cfm\\nDuring your residency and fellowship, you will receive training and gain operating experience so you can learn specialized skills for vascular surgery and improve.\\nFinding a vascular surgery residency is moderately competitive, but usually most people that apply are able to find one.\\n2-4. Take the Vascular Surgery Qualifying Exam when you finish your fellowship.\\nFill out the application for the Qualifying Exam (QE) online to receive a registration letter. Register for the test date listed in the letter to reserve a spot at the nearest testing center. Arrive at your testing center at least 15 minutes early and complete the exam on the provided computer. You have 4 opportunities within 4 years to take and pass the exam before you need to register again.\\nYou can find registration for the QE here: http://www.absurgery.org/default.jsp?app_vqe_inst. You will need to make an account on the website before you’re able to register.\\nThe QE consists of 250 multiple-choice questions about different types of patient care in regards to vascular surgery and is given in 4 blocks that are 90 minutes each.\\nYou will get the results of the qualifying exam within 1–2 months of taking it.\\nYou can fill out the application online here: http://www.absurgery.org/default.jsp?app_vqe_inst.\\n2-5. Complete the Certifying Exam after you pass the QE.\\nYou will only receive an email or letter to register for the Certifying Exam (CE), which is only held during the spring in Philadelphia, when you successfully pass the QE. Register for the CE online and pay any fees involved. Answer the questions as clearly and detailed as possible that best manage the problems you’re asked about.\\nThe exam consists of 3 consecutive oral sessions that are each 30 minutes, and the examiners will evaluate your clinical skills while diagnosing common problems with vascular surgery.\\nYou will get results within 7 days of the exam, and you’ll get your vascular surgery certificate within 6 months.\\nYou will have 3 opportunities within a 3-year period to complete and pass the CE.\\n3. Finding a Position\\n3-1. Write a CV that lists your education and work experience.\\nMake sure your name and any title you hold are listed at the top of the page in the largest font. List all of your educational history and the years that you attended, including any relevant electives or courses. Then, write down all of your clinical experience and the duties that you performed there to show prospective employers what you’ve been responsible for in the past. \\nUse a font that’s easy to read, such as Arial or Times, and use bullet points to help employers find your information easier.\\nKeep your CV limited to about 2–3 pages so it isn’t too overwhelming to look at.\\nYou may also include any research or publications that you’ve done in your CV.\\n3-2. Check job boards for open positions at hospitals or private practices.\\nLook online for job postings on medical sites or sites dedicated to vascular surgery to see which positions are open. Look at the requirements for each role you’re interested in to see if you meet their qualifications. Fill out an application online and send a copy of your CV to the employer to show that you’re interested.\\nYou can find postings for vascular surgeons here: https://svs.careerwebsite.com/jobs/.\\nYou may also be able to find positions listed on non-medical job boards.\\n3-3. Reach out to medical schools if you want to teach surgery to others.\\nSend an email or call the dean of a medical school or clinic where you want to work and let them know about your interest. Ask them if they have any open positions for vascular surgeons or see if they know of any places that are looking. Submit any application material as well as your CV to the potential schools so they can see if you’re qualified for the positions.\\nTalk to connections you made while you were in med school or from your residencies to see if they know of any open positions.\\n3-4. Join a professional group for vascular surgery to learn about open positions.\\nProfessional groups or societies are great ways to network with like-minded individuals and learn about new openings. Search online for a group, such as the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) or the World Federation of Vascular Societies, and see what they have to offer. While some groups require you to pay a membership fee, others only need you to register an account on their site.\\nYou can find a list of groups that you can join here: https://vascular.org/about-svs/affiliated-organizations.\\nYou may also find specific professional groups for your state or region.\\n3-5. Interview with the prospective employers to see if you’re a good fit.\\nArrive at least 15 minutes early to the interview so you don’t feel rushed. Mention qualities about yourself that you can bring to the clinic to help persuade the employer. Ask about the overall goals of the clinic and how the faculty interact with one another to see if you’d make a good addition to the team. If you leave a good impression, you may be asked back for another interview.\\nThe employer will usually spend the entire day walking you through the clinic or practice so you can see what the work environment is like.\\n3-6. Sign the employer’s contract when you want to accept a position.\\nWhen the employer offers a position, they will have a contract that lists your base salary and how long you’ll be employed at the clinic. Read over the contract carefully and ask the employer any lingering questions you have about the terms. If you agree with all of the terms, sign the contract so you can start working. Otherwise, try to negotiate with the employer so you can find terms that work for both of you.\\nContracts will also have information about legal issues, such as malpractice insurance, non-compete agreements, or partnerships.\\nEvery contract will vary, so make sure you check the terms on each one you receive.\\n3-7. Get used to working long and demanding shifts.\\nYour workday usually starts early in the morning and finishes late in the evening, so you may work close to 60–70 hours each week. Usually, you will spend 2–3 days in the operating room while the other 2 days will be in clinics. In addition, you may need to be on call during off-hours in case of an emergency. Make sure you get enough rest between shifts so you’re alert and ready for the next day.\\nVascular surgeons usually have an average salary of $398,636 USD per year.\\nWorking in vascular surgery can be a high-stress lifestyle, so be sure to take care of your personal and mental health.\\nWarnings\\nWorking as a vascular surgeon involves long hours that can be stressful and demanding. Make sure you’re able to manage your own health as well.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Becoming a vascular surgeon takes a lot of dedication and education, but it can be a really rewarding career that allows you to make a difference in people's lives. Our guide will show you the path you'll need to take, from earning your pre-med degree to finishing your residency and fellowship programs!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting an Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get your high school diploma or GED.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re still in school, try to take as many science and biology classes as you can to help you learn about the body better. Be sure to focus on your coursework so you can earn the best grades possible. If you didn’t receive a high school diploma, search for a general educational development (GED) program near you and take the classes. Take the examination at the end of the class to earn a high school equivalency diploma.\\nMany GED courses are offered at night so you can still work full-time and take the classes afterward.\\nTry to get involved with science-based extracurriculars or clubs if your high school offers any.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Earn a bachelor’s degree in biology or health sciences.\", \"描述\": \"Pick a major that interests you in a science- or health-related field so you seem more desirable to med schools. Be sure to take at least 1 year of biology, 1 year of English, and 2 years of chemistry since these are usually the minimum requirements you need for medical school. Concentrate on your academics so you can get the highest GPA you can.\\nLook for clubs or activities related to science or medical fields so you can connect with like-minded individuals and make new connections.\\nEach medical school requires different prerequisite courses, so if you have one in mind, look up their academic requirements so you can plan what to take during your pre-med.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take the MCAT exam so you can apply to medical school.\", \"描述\": \"Go online and register for The Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) during the spring before you graduate from your pre-med school. Select the nearest test center and arrive at least 15 minutes early on the scheduled date. Complete the entire multiple-choice test during the testing period and wait about 1 month to get your results back. Usually, a score around 510 is considered good, but it varies on the exam averages.\\nThe MCAT usually lasts over 6 hours with breaks and contains sections about biological foundations; chemical and physical foundations; psychological, social, and biological foundations of behavior; and critical analysis and reasoning.\\nThere are many practice tests and study guides for the MCAT online.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Obtain a medical degree in surgery from an accredited school.\", \"描述\": \"Submit an application along with your MCAT scores to an accredited med school you're interested in. Opt for electives that focus on vascular surgery during your first and second years so you’re able to start learning about procedures right away. During the third and fourth years of med school, begin doing clinicals, where you learn and train for basic procedures in a hospital setting under instructor supervision.\\nConnect with your instructors and other students in your courses so you can network and learn about new opportunities from them.\\nIf you take vascular surgery courses in the first 2 years of school, you may also be able to shadow clinical vascular surgeons early on so you can observe and learn from them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Completing Your Fellowship and Certification\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose a 5-2 fellowship for certification in vascular and general surgery.\", \"描述\": \"In a 5+2 program, you’ll spend the first 5 years completing a clinical residency for general surgery. After that, you will spend 2 years focusing on vascular surgery practices so you can gain experience in the field. If you plan on opening a private practice or you also want the option to work as a general surgeon, look for 5+2 fellowship options for your residency.\\nSome locations may offer all 7 years at the same location, while others may have you complete your general residency and vascular fellowship separately.\\nIf you performed well in medical school, you may qualify for a 4+2 early specialization program, which allows you to start performing vascular surgery sooner.\\nResidencies are when you work in a hospital or clinic for basic surgical procedures while fellowships are the training periods where you learn specialized skills in a specific branch of medicine.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Select a 0+5 integrated fellowship if you only want to focus on vascular surgery.\", \"描述\": \"Integrated fellowships usually have 2 years of general surgery training immediately followed by 3 years of training for vascular surgery. However, an integrated fellowship will not allow you to get certified for general surgery, so it may not be the right path if you plan on starting your own practice or changing careers later on.\\nYou can usually see the monthly breakdown of when you’ll learn certain procedures if you look at the university clinic’s website.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Apply for an accredited fellowship program at a clinic where you want to study.\", \"描述\": \"Start looking for fellowships during your last year in medical school so you’re able to start right when you graduate. Check online residency and fellowship boards so you can see a list of accredited clinics that offer the type of program you want to complete. Click on the programs that interest you the most from the list so you can access their individual applications. Fill out the application entirely and submit them online. so you can perform surgeries and continue learning about correct procedures in a real work setting.\\nYou can look for open residencies and fellowships here: https://services.aamc.org/eras/erasstats/par/index.cfm\\nDuring your residency and fellowship, you will receive training and gain operating experience so you can learn specialized skills for vascular surgery and improve.\\nFinding a vascular surgery residency is moderately competitive, but usually most people that apply are able to find one.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take the Vascular Surgery Qualifying Exam when you finish your fellowship.\", \"描述\": \"Fill out the application for the Qualifying Exam (QE) online to receive a registration letter. Register for the test date listed in the letter to reserve a spot at the nearest testing center. Arrive at your testing center at least 15 minutes early and complete the exam on the provided computer. You have 4 opportunities within 4 years to take and pass the exam before you need to register again.\\nYou can find registration for the QE here: http://www.absurgery.org/default.jsp?app_vqe_inst. You will need to make an account on the website before you’re able to register.\\nThe QE consists of 250 multiple-choice questions about different types of patient care in regards to vascular surgery and is given in 4 blocks that are 90 minutes each.\\nYou will get the results of the qualifying exam within 1–2 months of taking it.\\nYou can fill out the application online here: http://www.absurgery.org/default.jsp?app_vqe_inst.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Complete the Certifying Exam after you pass the QE.\", \"描述\": \"You will only receive an email or letter to register for the Certifying Exam (CE), which is only held during the spring in Philadelphia, when you successfully pass the QE. Register for the CE online and pay any fees involved. Answer the questions as clearly and detailed as possible that best manage the problems you’re asked about.\\nThe exam consists of 3 consecutive oral sessions that are each 30 minutes, and the examiners will evaluate your clinical skills while diagnosing common problems with vascular surgery.\\nYou will get results within 7 days of the exam, and you’ll get your vascular surgery certificate within 6 months.\\nYou will have 3 opportunities within a 3-year period to complete and pass the CE.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finding a Position\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Write a CV that lists your education and work experience.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure your name and any title you hold are listed at the top of the page in the largest font. List all of your educational history and the years that you attended, including any relevant electives or courses. Then, write down all of your clinical experience and the duties that you performed there to show prospective employers what you’ve been responsible for in the past. \\nUse a font that’s easy to read, such as Arial or Times, and use bullet points to help employers find your information easier.\\nKeep your CV limited to about 2–3 pages so it isn’t too overwhelming to look at.\\nYou may also include any research or publications that you’ve done in your CV.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Check job boards for open positions at hospitals or private practices.\", \"描述\": \"Look online for job postings on medical sites or sites dedicated to vascular surgery to see which positions are open. Look at the requirements for each role you’re interested in to see if you meet their qualifications. Fill out an application online and send a copy of your CV to the employer to show that you’re interested.\\nYou can find postings for vascular surgeons here: https://svs.careerwebsite.com/jobs/.\\nYou may also be able to find positions listed on non-medical job boards.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Reach out to medical schools if you want to teach surgery to others.\", \"描述\": \"Send an email or call the dean of a medical school or clinic where you want to work and let them know about your interest. Ask them if they have any open positions for vascular surgeons or see if they know of any places that are looking. Submit any application material as well as your CV to the potential schools so they can see if you’re qualified for the positions.\\nTalk to connections you made while you were in med school or from your residencies to see if they know of any open positions.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Join a professional group for vascular surgery to learn about open positions.\", \"描述\": \"Professional groups or societies are great ways to network with like-minded individuals and learn about new openings. Search online for a group, such as the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) or the World Federation of Vascular Societies, and see what they have to offer. While some groups require you to pay a membership fee, others only need you to register an account on their site.\\nYou can find a list of groups that you can join here: https://vascular.org/about-svs/affiliated-organizations.\\nYou may also find specific professional groups for your state or region.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Interview with the prospective employers to see if you’re a good fit.\", \"描述\": \"Arrive at least 15 minutes early to the interview so you don’t feel rushed. Mention qualities about yourself that you can bring to the clinic to help persuade the employer. Ask about the overall goals of the clinic and how the faculty interact with one another to see if you’d make a good addition to the team. If you leave a good impression, you may be asked back for another interview.\\nThe employer will usually spend the entire day walking you through the clinic or practice so you can see what the work environment is like.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Sign the employer’s contract when you want to accept a position.\", \"描述\": \"When the employer offers a position, they will have a contract that lists your base salary and how long you’ll be employed at the clinic. Read over the contract carefully and ask the employer any lingering questions you have about the terms. If you agree with all of the terms, sign the contract so you can start working. Otherwise, try to negotiate with the employer so you can find terms that work for both of you.\\nContracts will also have information about legal issues, such as malpractice insurance, non-compete agreements, or partnerships.\\nEvery contract will vary, so make sure you check the terms on each one you receive.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Get used to working long and demanding shifts.\", \"描述\": \"Your workday usually starts early in the morning and finishes late in the evening, so you may work close to 60–70 hours each week. Usually, you will spend 2–3 days in the operating room while the other 2 days will be in clinics. In addition, you may need to be on call during off-hours in case of an emergency. Make sure you get enough rest between shifts so you’re alert and ready for the next day.\\nVascular surgeons usually have an average salary of $398,636 USD per year.\\nWorking in vascular surgery can be a high-stress lifestyle, so be sure to take care of your personal and mental health.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Working as a vascular surgeon involves long hours that can be stressful and demanding. Make sure you’re able to manage your own health as well.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
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wikihow
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5,858 |
How to Become a Vegan
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1. Doing It the Healthy Way
1-1. Plan it out.
Just because a vegan diet is low in calories and fats (and completely cholesterol free), that doesn't mean it's healthy. Most vegan things will be better for you than otherwise. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics says a vegan diet is only healthy when it's well-rounded and planned out. If you're considering going vegan for health reasons, you might also want to consider buying organic. If it's not, you're missing out on vitamins and nutrients that your body needs to function. So do yourself a favor and do it right.
Do your homework. What foods that you like (that are vegan-friendly) do you need to start putting in your diet? Nuts? Quinoa? Beans? Be sure to consider whether or not you think it is important to cut out honey, gelatin, etc. As well as if you want to be a "full vegan" or just a dietary vegan. There are animal fats in soaps, there may be leather or the like in your shoes and clothes, etc. Does animal testing bother you? Some products and foods are tested on animals and that can also be something to avoid.
Get online. There are tons of websites catered to budding vegans that are full of recipes, quizzes, fun facts, and interactive tools to get you on board. They'll even do a week's worth of recipes for you! Utilize what you have at your disposal to ensure you're partaking in a balanced diet.
1-2. Get a physical.
Visit your doctor and make sure you are in decent physical shape. Tell your doctor your plans to become a vegan and ask if there are any considerations to take into account given your medical history. For example, those with anemia need to be particularly attentive to get enough iron in their vegan diet. Some doctors aren't well educated in veganism and mistakenly believe it is unhealthy or that you can't get enough protein or calcium. You only need about 50 grams (2 oz) of protein if you're a female, 60 if you are a male. 1000 to 1200 milligrams of calcium are needed depending on your age. Calcium-fortified plant milks and orange juices are an excellent substitute for dairy products as a source of calcium.
Ask your doctor how to maintain a balanced diet with your new eating habits. They'll be able to shed some light on how to obtain the necessary vitamins and minerals you need to function on top of your game.
1-3. Be clear about why you're becoming a vegan.
This is a huge change in your lifestyle, not to be taken lightly as a trend. Having your reasons lined out will not only ensure that you don't waste your time and efforts doing something you're not really passionate about, but it'll also help you stick with it. And answer questions when people raise an eyebrow at your dining choices!
If there's a particular essay, picture, or quote that reinforces your desire to become a vegan, print it out and put it in a place where you'll see it often, like your refrigerator.
In case anyone asks, the vegan diet is appropriate for all lifestyles (as long as it's done well). Athletes, pregnant women, children, and seniors all can benefit from a healthy vegan diet. No need to defend yourself when the in-laws start the inquisition. You've got science.
1-4. Investigate the science behind nutrition, food and health.
You don't have to be a nutritionist or medical doctor to understand the background of healthful living. Learning as much as you can about nutrition, food and health will only do you good. You'll become an expert in no time when it comes to plant-based alternatives.
You'll still get your protein if know what to look for. Luckily, plenty of plants are high in it: tofu, beans, nut, seeds, quinoa and whole grains are all protein-packers.
When you buy soy, almond, or rice milk, make sure it's fortified with calcium. Same goes for orange juice!
Avocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil are all good sources of healthy fats. Those are necessary too!
1-5. Ask questions.
Real vegans (or a buddy with similar interests) can help you on your new adventure. Surf for communities online or look for a local club or group in your area. The easiest way to do this is to find a new favorite vegan restaurant, a favorite table, and go from there.
The Vegan Society has a great website that's full of resources, news, and even helps you shop! Talk about an exciting, addictive hobby. Who needs Pinterest?
2. Forming the Habits
2-1. Ease into it.
Make a plan to give up one kind of non-vegan food per week. Not only will this make for an easier lifestyle adjustment, but it will also help your body make the transition as smoothly as possible. Any sudden, drastic change in your diet would likely wreak havoc on your body, especially if you go from being an omnivore to being a vegan.
Listen to your body and be easy on yourself. Don't force yourself to completely change everything at once without guidance. You need to know how to properly substitute for certain elements such as protein and fats before thinking that a head of lettuce is all you need for the rest of your life. Start by removing meat, then eggs and cheese, then all dairy products, and then worry about diligence when it comes to ingredients lists (some get pretty sneaky).
2-2. Know the difference between live foods and life-less products consumed as food.
It's much trickier for vegans than for vegetarians. You already know that you can't eat cheese because cows are exploited in order to generate the milk to make cheese, but did you know that even most cheese alternatives contain casein, a milk protein? Do your homework and read ingredient labels to prevent accidental consumption of non-vegan food.
You'll soon find that vegan websites will endorse certain brand name products. Knowing what to look for in the aisles will cut down on turning grocery shopping into a tedious chore.
2-3. Learn about tofu (and soy products in general).
It's a good source of both protein and calcium, and you can prepare it in a variety of ways. It takes a little getting used to, especially if you've never eaten much tofu before, but give it a chance.
Tofu, along with soy or rice milk and other non-meat alternatives, can be your best friends in the vegan world. Name a product, there's a tofu version of it. And it doesn't taste bad either!
2-4. Make time to cook.
Most prepared foods are going to be off-limits, so whether you like it or not, you're going to have to learn to cook. It'll give you a greater connection with your food, as it can be exciting and very rewarding (your friends and family will dig it, too). Recognize that the taste and experience of your food is just as important as the practicality of implementing it into your lifestyle. Be creative and choose a variety of produce and products to avoid monotony and boredom.
There are many vegan cookbooks and free online recipes nowadays to provide you with inspiration. Investing of your best energies and mental capabilities to the daily task of cooking vegan meals can enhance your enjoyment and satisfaction of re-training your taste buds to savor new, even strange flavors. Who knew this path was going to be so exciting?
3. Staying On Track
3-1. Maintain balance.
If you find yourself constantly fatigued or groggy, you may be missing something imperative to your diet. It can get pretty easy to eat the same things day in and day out, but with a vegan diet, that's not kosher. Make sure you're getting enough protein, calcium, iron, vitamin everything...the list could go on, but it would exceed your bandwidth usage.
Taking a supplement is a good idea. A daily multi-vitamin will ensure that you're getting everything you need. If you have questions, talk to your local pharmacist or get in a quick chat with your doctor.
There are no reliable plant sources of B12 (B12 found in plants is usually due to contamination with animal feces), which can lead to deficiency. You should take a B12 supplement. Deficiency in best cases can cause significant fatigue/debility. In worst cases, it can increase heart disease risk and anemia and may also cause severe irreversible damage to the nervous system. A good tip is to eat foods that are fortified with B12 (check the label) such as yeast flakes, cereals and nondairy milk.
If taking Omega-3 supplements, keep in mind that most are made from fish oil, and are not vegan. Vegan sources of Omega-3s include flaxseeds, flax oil, and walnuts. 1 tsp of flax oil meets your daily needs.
3-2. Reward yourself.
After learning how to cope with the extreme makeover in your kitchen, your budget, your past time, your health, and your appearance, make it a point to treat yourself to a new wardrobe, a vacation, or a new kitchen. You've earned it!
3-3. Share your delight.
There is nothing more satisfying than being acknowledged for pleasing somebody else's tummy. Treat some family or friends to a gourmet meal that you yourself prepared with all the trimmings. Be a vegan evangelist through positive demonstration (not through nagging) and help others discover how they too can make that transition from eating flesh to savoring fresh, whole foods.
That being said, those around you take into account your dietary needs, so take into account theirs. Not everyone will be thrilled when presented with a tofu steak. But that doesn't mean you need to incorporate their love for eating animals in your cooking. If you go eat at someone else's house, be sure to bring your own food just in case. Thank them if they make you a dish or even try to cook something vegan, regardless of whether or not its actually vegan.
Tips
Quinoa is a great tasting, nutrient packed food for if you're a vegan.
Bananas can be used to replace eggs in certain recipes.
Find vegan remakes of your favorite non-vegan recipes so that you don't feel deprived. It is pretty easy to find ¨veganized¨ versions of almost any recipe on the internet.
Warnings
Do not use veganism as a way of masking anorexia or other eating disorders. Like any diet, veganism may be abused. Learn what your body needs to be healthy, then provide yourself with that nutrition.
Soaps, toothpastes, shaving cream, etc. can all have animal sources (if you don't just want to be a dietary vegan).
It's useful to remember that not everyone will support you in your decision to become vegan. Some family members that enjoy eating meat might not be supportive of your choice. Do not let their thoughts affect your decision because it's you that you are changing, not them. They may tease you about it and some may eat meat in front of you thinking they are teasing you that you can't have any (even if you absolutely do not want any). Some people will not try to accommodate you at meals, or when going out to eat, so remember to bring your own food just in case.
Some restaurants/waiters/servers may tell you something is vegan when its not. Whether they are trying to scam you or just clueless and guessing, its probably best to just check ingredients online, or call up and ask for an ingredient list.
Shoes may be made with leather or suede, hats/scarves etc. may be made with wool or other fur, almost any clothing can be made out of wool or silk. Angora is an animal skin as well.
Be careful of sweets, as many contain honey or gelatin. Some contain carmine, which is a coloring that comes from bugs.
If you have existing special medical conditions, always consult your physician first before embarking on a drastic change in your diet and lifestyle. Proceed with caution, and listen to your body. This applies to any diet. Being vegan cuts out quite a few options and if you already have an allergy or intolerance it can be difficult to work with all the special dietary requirements.
Don't overdo the dessert and cake substitutes. Even if vegan, they can still render you overweight if you overindulge. Everything in moderation is key.
Being a vegan does not necessarily mean one is healthier; take care to study nutrition thoroughly from unbiased sources before proceeding
Be aware that most doctors receive astonishingly little instruction in nutrition during medical school. Furthermore, most doctors today received that education while veganism was largely ridiculed by mainstream Western societies. If your doctor opposes a vegan diet for apparently ideological reasons, then consult a registered dietician (RD), as they are typically trained in plant-based diets.
Veganism doesn't make you cool, nor does it make you any better (necessarily) than your omnivorous peers. Don't be a snob about it.
Be wary of too much soy; research soy side effects, as recent studies have found that it can be harmful (by messing with your hormones). If you base your diet on them, tofu and soy might quickly turn into your worst nutritional enemies. It's also been said that our bodies have trouble digesting soy.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:02",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Doing It the Healthy Way\\n1-1. Plan it out.\\nJust because a vegan diet is low in calories and fats (and completely cholesterol free), that doesn't mean it's healthy. Most vegan things will be better for you than otherwise. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics says a vegan diet is only healthy when it's well-rounded and planned out. If you're considering going vegan for health reasons, you might also want to consider buying organic. If it's not, you're missing out on vitamins and nutrients that your body needs to function. So do yourself a favor and do it right.\\nDo your homework. What foods that you like (that are vegan-friendly) do you need to start putting in your diet? Nuts? Quinoa? Beans? Be sure to consider whether or not you think it is important to cut out honey, gelatin, etc. As well as if you want to be a \\\"full vegan\\\" or just a dietary vegan. There are animal fats in soaps, there may be leather or the like in your shoes and clothes, etc. Does animal testing bother you? Some products and foods are tested on animals and that can also be something to avoid.\\nGet online. There are tons of websites catered to budding vegans that are full of recipes, quizzes, fun facts, and interactive tools to get you on board. They'll even do a week's worth of recipes for you! Utilize what you have at your disposal to ensure you're partaking in a balanced diet.\\n1-2. Get a physical.\\nVisit your doctor and make sure you are in decent physical shape. Tell your doctor your plans to become a vegan and ask if there are any considerations to take into account given your medical history. For example, those with anemia need to be particularly attentive to get enough iron in their vegan diet. Some doctors aren't well educated in veganism and mistakenly believe it is unhealthy or that you can't get enough protein or calcium. You only need about 50 grams (2 oz) of protein if you're a female, 60 if you are a male. 1000 to 1200 milligrams of calcium are needed depending on your age. Calcium-fortified plant milks and orange juices are an excellent substitute for dairy products as a source of calcium.\\nAsk your doctor how to maintain a balanced diet with your new eating habits. They'll be able to shed some light on how to obtain the necessary vitamins and minerals you need to function on top of your game.\\n1-3. Be clear about why you're becoming a vegan.\\nThis is a huge change in your lifestyle, not to be taken lightly as a trend. Having your reasons lined out will not only ensure that you don't waste your time and efforts doing something you're not really passionate about, but it'll also help you stick with it. And answer questions when people raise an eyebrow at your dining choices!\\nIf there's a particular essay, picture, or quote that reinforces your desire to become a vegan, print it out and put it in a place where you'll see it often, like your refrigerator.\\nIn case anyone asks, the vegan diet is appropriate for all lifestyles (as long as it's done well). Athletes, pregnant women, children, and seniors all can benefit from a healthy vegan diet. No need to defend yourself when the in-laws start the inquisition. You've got science.\\n1-4. Investigate the science behind nutrition, food and health.\\nYou don't have to be a nutritionist or medical doctor to understand the background of healthful living. Learning as much as you can about nutrition, food and health will only do you good. You'll become an expert in no time when it comes to plant-based alternatives.\\nYou'll still get your protein if know what to look for. Luckily, plenty of plants are high in it: tofu, beans, nut, seeds, quinoa and whole grains are all protein-packers.\\nWhen you buy soy, almond, or rice milk, make sure it's fortified with calcium. Same goes for orange juice!\\nAvocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil are all good sources of healthy fats. Those are necessary too!\\n1-5. Ask questions.\\nReal vegans (or a buddy with similar interests) can help you on your new adventure. Surf for communities online or look for a local club or group in your area. The easiest way to do this is to find a new favorite vegan restaurant, a favorite table, and go from there.\\nThe Vegan Society has a great website that's full of resources, news, and even helps you shop! Talk about an exciting, addictive hobby. Who needs Pinterest?\\n2. Forming the Habits\\n2-1. Ease into it.\\nMake a plan to give up one kind of non-vegan food per week. Not only will this make for an easier lifestyle adjustment, but it will also help your body make the transition as smoothly as possible. Any sudden, drastic change in your diet would likely wreak havoc on your body, especially if you go from being an omnivore to being a vegan.\\nListen to your body and be easy on yourself. Don't force yourself to completely change everything at once without guidance. You need to know how to properly substitute for certain elements such as protein and fats before thinking that a head of lettuce is all you need for the rest of your life. Start by removing meat, then eggs and cheese, then all dairy products, and then worry about diligence when it comes to ingredients lists (some get pretty sneaky).\\n2-2. Know the difference between live foods and life-less products consumed as food.\\nIt's much trickier for vegans than for vegetarians. You already know that you can't eat cheese because cows are exploited in order to generate the milk to make cheese, but did you know that even most cheese alternatives contain casein, a milk protein? Do your homework and read ingredient labels to prevent accidental consumption of non-vegan food.\\nYou'll soon find that vegan websites will endorse certain brand name products. Knowing what to look for in the aisles will cut down on turning grocery shopping into a tedious chore.\\n2-3. Learn about tofu (and soy products in general).\\nIt's a good source of both protein and calcium, and you can prepare it in a variety of ways. It takes a little getting used to, especially if you've never eaten much tofu before, but give it a chance.\\nTofu, along with soy or rice milk and other non-meat alternatives, can be your best friends in the vegan world. Name a product, there's a tofu version of it. And it doesn't taste bad either!\\n2-4. Make time to cook.\\nMost prepared foods are going to be off-limits, so whether you like it or not, you're going to have to learn to cook. It'll give you a greater connection with your food, as it can be exciting and very rewarding (your friends and family will dig it, too). Recognize that the taste and experience of your food is just as important as the practicality of implementing it into your lifestyle. Be creative and choose a variety of produce and products to avoid monotony and boredom.\\nThere are many vegan cookbooks and free online recipes nowadays to provide you with inspiration. Investing of your best energies and mental capabilities to the daily task of cooking vegan meals can enhance your enjoyment and satisfaction of re-training your taste buds to savor new, even strange flavors. Who knew this path was going to be so exciting?\\n3. Staying On Track\\n3-1. Maintain balance.\\nIf you find yourself constantly fatigued or groggy, you may be missing something imperative to your diet. It can get pretty easy to eat the same things day in and day out, but with a vegan diet, that's not kosher. Make sure you're getting enough protein, calcium, iron, vitamin everything...the list could go on, but it would exceed your bandwidth usage.\\nTaking a supplement is a good idea. A daily multi-vitamin will ensure that you're getting everything you need. If you have questions, talk to your local pharmacist or get in a quick chat with your doctor.\\nThere are no reliable plant sources of B12 (B12 found in plants is usually due to contamination with animal feces), which can lead to deficiency. You should take a B12 supplement. Deficiency in best cases can cause significant fatigue/debility. In worst cases, it can increase heart disease risk and anemia and may also cause severe irreversible damage to the nervous system. A good tip is to eat foods that are fortified with B12 (check the label) such as yeast flakes, cereals and nondairy milk.\\nIf taking Omega-3 supplements, keep in mind that most are made from fish oil, and are not vegan. Vegan sources of Omega-3s include flaxseeds, flax oil, and walnuts. 1 tsp of flax oil meets your daily needs.\\n3-2. Reward yourself.\\nAfter learning how to cope with the extreme makeover in your kitchen, your budget, your past time, your health, and your appearance, make it a point to treat yourself to a new wardrobe, a vacation, or a new kitchen. You've earned it!\\n3-3. Share your delight.\\nThere is nothing more satisfying than being acknowledged for pleasing somebody else's tummy. Treat some family or friends to a gourmet meal that you yourself prepared with all the trimmings. Be a vegan evangelist through positive demonstration (not through nagging) and help others discover how they too can make that transition from eating flesh to savoring fresh, whole foods.\\nThat being said, those around you take into account your dietary needs, so take into account theirs. Not everyone will be thrilled when presented with a tofu steak. But that doesn't mean you need to incorporate their love for eating animals in your cooking. If you go eat at someone else's house, be sure to bring your own food just in case. Thank them if they make you a dish or even try to cook something vegan, regardless of whether or not its actually vegan.\\nTips\\nQuinoa is a great tasting, nutrient packed food for if you're a vegan.\\nBananas can be used to replace eggs in certain recipes.\\nFind vegan remakes of your favorite non-vegan recipes so that you don't feel deprived. It is pretty easy to find ¨veganized¨ versions of almost any recipe on the internet.\\nWarnings\\nDo not use veganism as a way of masking anorexia or other eating disorders. Like any diet, veganism may be abused. Learn what your body needs to be healthy, then provide yourself with that nutrition.\\nSoaps, toothpastes, shaving cream, etc. can all have animal sources (if you don't just want to be a dietary vegan).\\nIt's useful to remember that not everyone will support you in your decision to become vegan. Some family members that enjoy eating meat might not be supportive of your choice. Do not let their thoughts affect your decision because it's you that you are changing, not them. They may tease you about it and some may eat meat in front of you thinking they are teasing you that you can't have any (even if you absolutely do not want any). Some people will not try to accommodate you at meals, or when going out to eat, so remember to bring your own food just in case.\\nSome restaurants/waiters/servers may tell you something is vegan when its not. Whether they are trying to scam you or just clueless and guessing, its probably best to just check ingredients online, or call up and ask for an ingredient list.\\nShoes may be made with leather or suede, hats/scarves etc. may be made with wool or other fur, almost any clothing can be made out of wool or silk. Angora is an animal skin as well.\\nBe careful of sweets, as many contain honey or gelatin. Some contain carmine, which is a coloring that comes from bugs.\\nIf you have existing special medical conditions, always consult your physician first before embarking on a drastic change in your diet and lifestyle. Proceed with caution, and listen to your body. This applies to any diet. Being vegan cuts out quite a few options and if you already have an allergy or intolerance it can be difficult to work with all the special dietary requirements.\\nDon't overdo the dessert and cake substitutes. Even if vegan, they can still render you overweight if you overindulge. Everything in moderation is key.\\nBeing a vegan does not necessarily mean one is healthier; take care to study nutrition thoroughly from unbiased sources before proceeding\\nBe aware that most doctors receive astonishingly little instruction in nutrition during medical school. Furthermore, most doctors today received that education while veganism was largely ridiculed by mainstream Western societies. If your doctor opposes a vegan diet for apparently ideological reasons, then consult a registered dietician (RD), as they are typically trained in plant-based diets.\\nVeganism doesn't make you cool, nor does it make you any better (necessarily) than your omnivorous peers. Don't be a snob about it.\\nBe wary of too much soy; research soy side effects, as recent studies have found that it can be harmful (by messing with your hormones). If you base your diet on them, tofu and soy might quickly turn into your worst nutritional enemies. It's also been said that our bodies have trouble digesting soy.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Most omnivores think becoming a vegan is impossible and can't even begin to imagine how they might be able to survive, let alone enjoy life without typical flavors they have been used to. They're just not being creative enough! With a positive attitude, a desire to make a change in a healthy direction, and some diligence in grocery aisles, it is possible to discover a whole new world (possibly a better one) and reap a multitude of physical, mental and emotional benefits (not to mention financial savings!).\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Doing It the Healthy Way\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Plan it out.\", \"描述\": \"Just because a vegan diet is low in calories and fats (and completely cholesterol free), that doesn't mean it's healthy. Most vegan things will be better for you than otherwise. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics says a vegan diet is only healthy when it's well-rounded and planned out. If you're considering going vegan for health reasons, you might also want to consider buying organic. If it's not, you're missing out on vitamins and nutrients that your body needs to function. So do yourself a favor and do it right.\\nDo your homework. What foods that you like (that are vegan-friendly) do you need to start putting in your diet? Nuts? Quinoa? Beans? Be sure to consider whether or not you think it is important to cut out honey, gelatin, etc. As well as if you want to be a \\\"full vegan\\\" or just a dietary vegan. There are animal fats in soaps, there may be leather or the like in your shoes and clothes, etc. Does animal testing bother you? Some products and foods are tested on animals and that can also be something to avoid.\\nGet online. There are tons of websites catered to budding vegans that are full of recipes, quizzes, fun facts, and interactive tools to get you on board. They'll even do a week's worth of recipes for you! Utilize what you have at your disposal to ensure you're partaking in a balanced diet.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a physical.\", \"描述\": \"Visit your doctor and make sure you are in decent physical shape. Tell your doctor your plans to become a vegan and ask if there are any considerations to take into account given your medical history. For example, those with anemia need to be particularly attentive to get enough iron in their vegan diet. Some doctors aren't well educated in veganism and mistakenly believe it is unhealthy or that you can't get enough protein or calcium. You only need about 50 grams (2 oz) of protein if you're a female, 60 if you are a male. 1000 to 1200 milligrams of calcium are needed depending on your age. Calcium-fortified plant milks and orange juices are an excellent substitute for dairy products as a source of calcium.\\nAsk your doctor how to maintain a balanced diet with your new eating habits. They'll be able to shed some light on how to obtain the necessary vitamins and minerals you need to function on top of your game.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be clear about why you're becoming a vegan.\", \"描述\": \"This is a huge change in your lifestyle, not to be taken lightly as a trend. Having your reasons lined out will not only ensure that you don't waste your time and efforts doing something you're not really passionate about, but it'll also help you stick with it. And answer questions when people raise an eyebrow at your dining choices!\\nIf there's a particular essay, picture, or quote that reinforces your desire to become a vegan, print it out and put it in a place where you'll see it often, like your refrigerator.\\nIn case anyone asks, the vegan diet is appropriate for all lifestyles (as long as it's done well). Athletes, pregnant women, children, and seniors all can benefit from a healthy vegan diet. No need to defend yourself when the in-laws start the inquisition. You've got science.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Investigate the science behind nutrition, food and health.\", \"描述\": \"You don't have to be a nutritionist or medical doctor to understand the background of healthful living. Learning as much as you can about nutrition, food and health will only do you good. You'll become an expert in no time when it comes to plant-based alternatives.\\nYou'll still get your protein if know what to look for. Luckily, plenty of plants are high in it: tofu, beans, nut, seeds, quinoa and whole grains are all protein-packers.\\nWhen you buy soy, almond, or rice milk, make sure it's fortified with calcium. Same goes for orange juice!\\nAvocados, nuts, seeds, and olive oil are all good sources of healthy fats. Those are necessary too!\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ask questions.\", \"描述\": \"Real vegans (or a buddy with similar interests) can help you on your new adventure. Surf for communities online or look for a local club or group in your area. The easiest way to do this is to find a new favorite vegan restaurant, a favorite table, and go from there.\\nThe Vegan Society has a great website that's full of resources, news, and even helps you shop! Talk about an exciting, addictive hobby. Who needs Pinterest?\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Forming the Habits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ease into it.\", \"描述\": \"Make a plan to give up one kind of non-vegan food per week. Not only will this make for an easier lifestyle adjustment, but it will also help your body make the transition as smoothly as possible. Any sudden, drastic change in your diet would likely wreak havoc on your body, especially if you go from being an omnivore to being a vegan.\\nListen to your body and be easy on yourself. Don't force yourself to completely change everything at once without guidance. You need to know how to properly substitute for certain elements such as protein and fats before thinking that a head of lettuce is all you need for the rest of your life. Start by removing meat, then eggs and cheese, then all dairy products, and then worry about diligence when it comes to ingredients lists (some get pretty sneaky).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know the difference between live foods and life-less products consumed as food.\", \"描述\": \"It's much trickier for vegans than for vegetarians. You already know that you can't eat cheese because cows are exploited in order to generate the milk to make cheese, but did you know that even most cheese alternatives contain casein, a milk protein? Do your homework and read ingredient labels to prevent accidental consumption of non-vegan food.\\nYou'll soon find that vegan websites will endorse certain brand name products. Knowing what to look for in the aisles will cut down on turning grocery shopping into a tedious chore.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn about tofu (and soy products in general).\", \"描述\": \"It's a good source of both protein and calcium, and you can prepare it in a variety of ways. It takes a little getting used to, especially if you've never eaten much tofu before, but give it a chance.\\nTofu, along with soy or rice milk and other non-meat alternatives, can be your best friends in the vegan world. Name a product, there's a tofu version of it. And it doesn't taste bad either!\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make time to cook.\", \"描述\": \"Most prepared foods are going to be off-limits, so whether you like it or not, you're going to have to learn to cook. It'll give you a greater connection with your food, as it can be exciting and very rewarding (your friends and family will dig it, too). Recognize that the taste and experience of your food is just as important as the practicality of implementing it into your lifestyle. Be creative and choose a variety of produce and products to avoid monotony and boredom.\\nThere are many vegan cookbooks and free online recipes nowadays to provide you with inspiration. Investing of your best energies and mental capabilities to the daily task of cooking vegan meals can enhance your enjoyment and satisfaction of re-training your taste buds to savor new, even strange flavors. Who knew this path was going to be so exciting?\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Staying On Track\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Maintain balance.\", \"描述\": \"If you find yourself constantly fatigued or groggy, you may be missing something imperative to your diet. It can get pretty easy to eat the same things day in and day out, but with a vegan diet, that's not kosher. Make sure you're getting enough protein, calcium, iron, vitamin everything...the list could go on, but it would exceed your bandwidth usage.\\nTaking a supplement is a good idea. A daily multi-vitamin will ensure that you're getting everything you need. If you have questions, talk to your local pharmacist or get in a quick chat with your doctor.\\nThere are no reliable plant sources of B12 (B12 found in plants is usually due to contamination with animal feces), which can lead to deficiency. You should take a B12 supplement. Deficiency in best cases can cause significant fatigue/debility. In worst cases, it can increase heart disease risk and anemia and may also cause severe irreversible damage to the nervous system. A good tip is to eat foods that are fortified with B12 (check the label) such as yeast flakes, cereals and nondairy milk.\\nIf taking Omega-3 supplements, keep in mind that most are made from fish oil, and are not vegan. Vegan sources of Omega-3s include flaxseeds, flax oil, and walnuts. 1 tsp of flax oil meets your daily needs.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Reward yourself.\", \"描述\": \"After learning how to cope with the extreme makeover in your kitchen, your budget, your past time, your health, and your appearance, make it a point to treat yourself to a new wardrobe, a vacation, or a new kitchen. You've earned it!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Share your delight.\", \"描述\": \"There is nothing more satisfying than being acknowledged for pleasing somebody else's tummy. Treat some family or friends to a gourmet meal that you yourself prepared with all the trimmings. Be a vegan evangelist through positive demonstration (not through nagging) and help others discover how they too can make that transition from eating flesh to savoring fresh, whole foods.\\nThat being said, those around you take into account your dietary needs, so take into account theirs. Not everyone will be thrilled when presented with a tofu steak. But that doesn't mean you need to incorporate their love for eating animals in your cooking. If you go eat at someone else's house, be sure to bring your own food just in case. Thank them if they make you a dish or even try to cook something vegan, regardless of whether or not its actually vegan.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Quinoa is a great tasting, nutrient packed food for if you're a vegan.\\n\", \"Bananas can be used to replace eggs in certain recipes.\\n\", \"Find vegan remakes of your favorite non-vegan recipes so that you don't feel deprived. It is pretty easy to find ¨veganized¨ versions of almost any recipe on the internet.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Do not use veganism as a way of masking anorexia or other eating disorders. Like any diet, veganism may be abused. Learn what your body needs to be healthy, then provide yourself with that nutrition.\\n\", \"Soaps, toothpastes, shaving cream, etc. can all have animal sources (if you don't just want to be a dietary vegan).\\n\", \"It's useful to remember that not everyone will support you in your decision to become vegan. Some family members that enjoy eating meat might not be supportive of your choice. Do not let their thoughts affect your decision because it's you that you are changing, not them. They may tease you about it and some may eat meat in front of you thinking they are teasing you that you can't have any (even if you absolutely do not want any). Some people will not try to accommodate you at meals, or when going out to eat, so remember to bring your own food just in case.\\n\", \"Some restaurants/waiters/servers may tell you something is vegan when its not. Whether they are trying to scam you or just clueless and guessing, its probably best to just check ingredients online, or call up and ask for an ingredient list.\\n\", \"Shoes may be made with leather or suede, hats/scarves etc. may be made with wool or other fur, almost any clothing can be made out of wool or silk. Angora is an animal skin as well.\\n\", \"Be careful of sweets, as many contain honey or gelatin. Some contain carmine, which is a coloring that comes from bugs.\\n\", \"If you have existing special medical conditions, always consult your physician first before embarking on a drastic change in your diet and lifestyle. Proceed with caution, and listen to your body. This applies to any diet. Being vegan cuts out quite a few options and if you already have an allergy or intolerance it can be difficult to work with all the special dietary requirements.\\n\", \"Don't overdo the dessert and cake substitutes. Even if vegan, they can still render you overweight if you overindulge. Everything in moderation is key.\\n\", \"Being a vegan does not necessarily mean one is healthier; take care to study nutrition thoroughly from unbiased sources before proceeding\\n\", \"Be aware that most doctors receive astonishingly little instruction in nutrition during medical school. Furthermore, most doctors today received that education while veganism was largely ridiculed by mainstream Western societies. If your doctor opposes a vegan diet for apparently ideological reasons, then consult a registered dietician (RD), as they are typically trained in plant-based diets.\\n\", \"Veganism doesn't make you cool, nor does it make you any better (necessarily) than your omnivorous peers. Don't be a snob about it.\\n\", \"Be wary of too much soy; research soy side effects, as recent studies have found that it can be harmful (by messing with your hormones). If you base your diet on them, tofu and soy might quickly turn into your worst nutritional enemies. It's also been said that our bodies have trouble digesting soy.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,859 |
How to Become a Vegetarian
|
1. Experiment with new recipes.
Check out vegetarian menus and cookbooks for new ideas.
When you're starting out as a vegetarian, it's usually easiest to adapt recipes you already like. However, there's a whole world of vegetarian food out there, so don't feel like you're limited to just meals you already know! Read vegetarian cookbooks, blogs, and menus to find recipes that interest you. Branch out into new cuisines, as well—Indian food, for instance, has tons of tasty vegetarian dishes you can try!
Visit vegetarian restaurants to find new foods you like, then try to recreate those dishes at home.
Get creative—the more variety you can include in your diet, the more likely you'll be to get all the nutrients you need.
2. Find plant-based substitutes at the grocery store.
Try meat alternatives when a craving hits.
If you're really missing a certain food, check out which meat substitutes are available at your local grocery store. For instance, you might be able to grab some veggie burgers, wheat-based "chicken" cutlets, rice-paper "bacon," or soy "hot dogs." If you're going vegan, you might be able to find alternatives for things like eggs and cheese, as well.
The texture and taste of these products usually aren't exactly the same as their meat-based counterparts, but you may find that you develop a preference for them anyway.
Tofu, tempeh, and seitan can be used as a substitute for meat in a lot of conventional recipes.
Avoid basing your whole diet on these meat alternatives—they're usually highly processed, and you usually won't get the same nutritional benefits as you would from adding in more veggies to your meal.
3. Start by introducing a few meatless meals into your diet.
Gradually increase how many plant-based meals you eat each week.
Jumping straight into a vegetarian diet can be a little tough if you're used to eating meat most days of the week. Instead, try reworking a few of your favorite meals each week so they're vegetarian-friendly. Over time, replace more and more of your meals with plant-based options until you're able to completely switch to a vegetarian diet.
For instance, if you love to eat spaghetti, you can still enjoy it—just leave out the ground beef. Instead, load up your pasta with hearty veggies like zucchini, mushrooms, yellow squash, carrots, and red peppers.
If you love chicken stir-fry, try substituting extra-firm tofu instead.
4. Give up one type of meat at a time.
Don't try to quit everything all at once.
Try eliminating foods on a schedule, like cutting out one meat every week. Not only will it be easier for you to adapt your meals if you switch gradually, but it can also give your body more time to adjust to the different diet. You might even plan to have one "last meal" with each ingredient you're giving up before you resolve not to eat it again.
For instance, you might start by cutting all red meat from your diet, like beef, lamb, or venison. After a week, you might eliminate pork, such as bacon and ham, followed by chicken, then fish and shellfish.
5. Decide what kind of vegetarian you want to be.
There are a number of different vegetarian diets to choose from.
Vegetarians range from vegan—meaning they don't consume or use any type of animal products at all—to partial vegetarians, who just try to stick to a plant-based diet the majority of the time. This is a really personal choice, and it's okay if you need to experiment for a while to find out what works for you. In the end, it comes down to what makes you feel the best, both physically and mentally. Some of your choices include:
Vegan: No animal products, including meat, dairy, eggs, gelatin, or honey.
Lacto-ovo vegetarian: No meat, including poultry and fish, but can eat eggs and dairy
Lacto vegetarian: No meat or eggs, but can have dairy
Ovo vegetarian: No meat or dairy, but can eat eggs
Partial: May eat fish (pesco-vegetarian), poultry (pollo-vegetarian), or fish and poultry (pesce-pollotarian).
6. Eat tons of fruits, veggies, and whole grains.
Don't just rely on pasta and junk food.
Technically, as a vegetarian, you could just eat chips, noodles, and fries all day. However, that's not going to be very good for your body. Instead of eating a lot of processed, high-calorie foods, make sure you're getting plenty of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables in your diet. In general, each day you need about:
2 1/2 cups (around 400 g) of vegetables
2 cups (around 220 g) of fruits
6 1/2 oz of whole grains (the equivalent of 6 slices of bread or 650 g of cooked rice or pasta)
3 cups of dairy (equal to 237 ml of milk or 83 g of shredded cheese, for instance)
7. Research your nutritional needs.
Pay close attention to your intake of important nutrients.
In particular, be sure you're eating enough vitamin B12, calcium, protein, iron, zinc, and other vitamins and minerals that you'd normally get from meat. Luckily, you can get a lot of the nutrients you need just by eating a variety of fruits and veggies each day. For instance, to get:
Iron: Eat legumes (like chickpeas and lentils), tofu, dried fruit, broccoli, and iron-fortified cereals.
Calcium: Drink milk, fortified soy milk, and fortified orange juice; eat tofu and leafy greens like kale.
Vitamin D: Drink milk or fortified soy milk and eat fortified breakfast cereals. Also, spend time outside—your body produces vitamin D when you're exposed to sunlight.
Protein: Eat eggs, dairy, nuts, tofu, beans, whole grains and cereals, and tofu.
B12: Consume eggs, dairy, fortified soy milk, fortified breakfast cereals, and nutritional yeast.
Zinc: Eat dairy, dried beans, tofu, and fortified cereals.
Omega-3 fatty acids: Vegetable oils like soybean, canola, and flaxseed, as well as eggs, walnuts, and chia seeds.
Iodine: Use iodized salt to season your food.
8. Read ingredient labels with care.
Be aware that some surprising foods contain animal products.
The only way to know for sure if a prepared product like a sauce, condiment, or soup is vegetarian is to read the label carefully. When you're starting out, it can help to carry a card with the names of animal-based ingredients so you can compare it to the label while you're at the store. A few foods to be mindful of:
Cheese—may be made with rennet, which is made from the stomach lining of young animals
Worcestershire sauce—contains anchovies
Curry pastes—may contain fish sauce or shrimp paste
Desserts—may be made with gelatin or colored with cochineal, a food coloring made from beetle shells
Alcoholic drinks—may be filtered using animal products
9. Don't give up if you eat something with meat.
It's normal to have a relapse once in a while.
Many vegetarians have cravings for meat once in a while, especially in the early days. If that happens and you give in, it doesn't mean you're any less committed to a plant-based diet, so don't be too hard on yourself. Just remind yourself why you wanted to be a vegetarian in the first place, and keep trying.
You might even find that it's easier for you to eat a mostly plant-based diet, but to still have meat or fish occasionally. If that's the case, don't fret—you'll still get many of the same health benefits as you would from following a fully vegetarian diet.
One study found that as many as 84% of vegetarians have a relapse after a year, so if you do give in and have a meat-based meal, keep in mind that you're definitely not alone.
If you suddenly start craving meat, you might not be getting enough food. Be sure you eat at least 1200 calories a day, and include legumes, nuts, and seeds in your diet so you'll get enough healthy fats.
10. Ask your family and friends for support.
Talk to the people you're closest to.
Let them know your wishes for your diet, and briefly explain your reasons for going vegetarian. For instance, you might let them know that it fits your religious beliefs, that you want to improve your health, or that you care deeply about animal welfare and want to do your part to make a difference. You might even say that it's more affordable—plant-based meals often cost less than meals made with meat. No matter your reasons, try to keep an open mind about these conversations and ask people to respect your decision even if they don't agree.
Don't be surprised if you're met with a little resistance when people find out you're a vegetarian. There can be a lot of reasons for people to be critical—they might feel defensive of their own choice to eat meat, they might be ill-informed about vegetarianism, or they might have concerns about your health.
Offer to cook for the people in your life—they might be surprised how delicious a plant-based meal can be! If you're invited to gatherings, bring vegetarian-friendly foods so you know there will be something you can eat.
11. Plan ahead if you're going to eat out.
Check out the restaurant's options ahead of time.
If you're invited to a restaurant you've never been to before, go online and scope out their menu. See if they have any vegetarian options that will work for you, like veggie burgers, cheese quesadillas, or meat-free salads. Some restaurants will be willing to make small changes to their meals to make them meat-free, but if there's nothing on the menu that you can eat, either suggest somewhere different or politely decline the invitation.
If you're going on vacation, take some time to research any vegetarian-friendly restaurants in the area before you leave.
Tips
Many of your favorites can be turned vegetarian, such as lasagna, chili, and spaghetti without the meat or with meat substitutes. Also, many familiar foods such as peanut butter and jelly, pasta and tomato sauce, or black beans and rice are already vegetarian.
If you're not getting enough nutrients from your diet, you may need to talk to your doctor about taking a daily multivitamin or other supplements so you stay healthy.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:02",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Experiment with new recipes.\\nCheck out vegetarian menus and cookbooks for new ideas.\\nWhen you're starting out as a vegetarian, it's usually easiest to adapt recipes you already like. However, there's a whole world of vegetarian food out there, so don't feel like you're limited to just meals you already know! Read vegetarian cookbooks, blogs, and menus to find recipes that interest you. Branch out into new cuisines, as well—Indian food, for instance, has tons of tasty vegetarian dishes you can try!\\nVisit vegetarian restaurants to find new foods you like, then try to recreate those dishes at home.\\nGet creative—the more variety you can include in your diet, the more likely you'll be to get all the nutrients you need.\\n2. Find plant-based substitutes at the grocery store.\\nTry meat alternatives when a craving hits.\\nIf you're really missing a certain food, check out which meat substitutes are available at your local grocery store. For instance, you might be able to grab some veggie burgers, wheat-based \\\"chicken\\\" cutlets, rice-paper \\\"bacon,\\\" or soy \\\"hot dogs.\\\" If you're going vegan, you might be able to find alternatives for things like eggs and cheese, as well.\\nThe texture and taste of these products usually aren't exactly the same as their meat-based counterparts, but you may find that you develop a preference for them anyway.\\nTofu, tempeh, and seitan can be used as a substitute for meat in a lot of conventional recipes.\\nAvoid basing your whole diet on these meat alternatives—they're usually highly processed, and you usually won't get the same nutritional benefits as you would from adding in more veggies to your meal.\\n3. Start by introducing a few meatless meals into your diet.\\nGradually increase how many plant-based meals you eat each week.\\nJumping straight into a vegetarian diet can be a little tough if you're used to eating meat most days of the week. Instead, try reworking a few of your favorite meals each week so they're vegetarian-friendly. Over time, replace more and more of your meals with plant-based options until you're able to completely switch to a vegetarian diet.\\nFor instance, if you love to eat spaghetti, you can still enjoy it—just leave out the ground beef. Instead, load up your pasta with hearty veggies like zucchini, mushrooms, yellow squash, carrots, and red peppers.\\nIf you love chicken stir-fry, try substituting extra-firm tofu instead.\\n4. Give up one type of meat at a time.\\nDon't try to quit everything all at once.\\nTry eliminating foods on a schedule, like cutting out one meat every week. Not only will it be easier for you to adapt your meals if you switch gradually, but it can also give your body more time to adjust to the different diet. You might even plan to have one \\\"last meal\\\" with each ingredient you're giving up before you resolve not to eat it again.\\nFor instance, you might start by cutting all red meat from your diet, like beef, lamb, or venison. After a week, you might eliminate pork, such as bacon and ham, followed by chicken, then fish and shellfish.\\n5. Decide what kind of vegetarian you want to be.\\nThere are a number of different vegetarian diets to choose from.\\nVegetarians range from vegan—meaning they don't consume or use any type of animal products at all—to partial vegetarians, who just try to stick to a plant-based diet the majority of the time. This is a really personal choice, and it's okay if you need to experiment for a while to find out what works for you. In the end, it comes down to what makes you feel the best, both physically and mentally. Some of your choices include:\\nVegan: No animal products, including meat, dairy, eggs, gelatin, or honey.\\nLacto-ovo vegetarian: No meat, including poultry and fish, but can eat eggs and dairy\\nLacto vegetarian: No meat or eggs, but can have dairy\\nOvo vegetarian: No meat or dairy, but can eat eggs\\nPartial: May eat fish (pesco-vegetarian), poultry (pollo-vegetarian), or fish and poultry (pesce-pollotarian).\\n6. Eat tons of fruits, veggies, and whole grains.\\nDon't just rely on pasta and junk food.\\nTechnically, as a vegetarian, you could just eat chips, noodles, and fries all day. However, that's not going to be very good for your body. Instead of eating a lot of processed, high-calorie foods, make sure you're getting plenty of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables in your diet. In general, each day you need about:\\n2 1/2 cups (around 400 g) of vegetables\\n2 cups (around 220 g) of fruits\\n6 1/2 oz of whole grains (the equivalent of 6 slices of bread or 650 g of cooked rice or pasta)\\n3 cups of dairy (equal to 237 ml of milk or 83 g of shredded cheese, for instance)\\n7. Research your nutritional needs.\\nPay close attention to your intake of important nutrients.\\nIn particular, be sure you're eating enough vitamin B12, calcium, protein, iron, zinc, and other vitamins and minerals that you'd normally get from meat. Luckily, you can get a lot of the nutrients you need just by eating a variety of fruits and veggies each day. For instance, to get:\\nIron: Eat legumes (like chickpeas and lentils), tofu, dried fruit, broccoli, and iron-fortified cereals.\\nCalcium: Drink milk, fortified soy milk, and fortified orange juice; eat tofu and leafy greens like kale.\\nVitamin D: Drink milk or fortified soy milk and eat fortified breakfast cereals. Also, spend time outside—your body produces vitamin D when you're exposed to sunlight.\\nProtein: Eat eggs, dairy, nuts, tofu, beans, whole grains and cereals, and tofu.\\nB12: Consume eggs, dairy, fortified soy milk, fortified breakfast cereals, and nutritional yeast.\\nZinc: Eat dairy, dried beans, tofu, and fortified cereals.\\nOmega-3 fatty acids: Vegetable oils like soybean, canola, and flaxseed, as well as eggs, walnuts, and chia seeds.\\nIodine: Use iodized salt to season your food.\\n8. Read ingredient labels with care.\\nBe aware that some surprising foods contain animal products.\\nThe only way to know for sure if a prepared product like a sauce, condiment, or soup is vegetarian is to read the label carefully. When you're starting out, it can help to carry a card with the names of animal-based ingredients so you can compare it to the label while you're at the store. A few foods to be mindful of:\\nCheese—may be made with rennet, which is made from the stomach lining of young animals\\nWorcestershire sauce—contains anchovies\\nCurry pastes—may contain fish sauce or shrimp paste\\nDesserts—may be made with gelatin or colored with cochineal, a food coloring made from beetle shells\\nAlcoholic drinks—may be filtered using animal products\\n9. Don't give up if you eat something with meat.\\nIt's normal to have a relapse once in a while.\\nMany vegetarians have cravings for meat once in a while, especially in the early days. If that happens and you give in, it doesn't mean you're any less committed to a plant-based diet, so don't be too hard on yourself. Just remind yourself why you wanted to be a vegetarian in the first place, and keep trying.\\nYou might even find that it's easier for you to eat a mostly plant-based diet, but to still have meat or fish occasionally. If that's the case, don't fret—you'll still get many of the same health benefits as you would from following a fully vegetarian diet.\\nOne study found that as many as 84% of vegetarians have a relapse after a year, so if you do give in and have a meat-based meal, keep in mind that you're definitely not alone.\\nIf you suddenly start craving meat, you might not be getting enough food. Be sure you eat at least 1200 calories a day, and include legumes, nuts, and seeds in your diet so you'll get enough healthy fats.\\n10. Ask your family and friends for support.\\nTalk to the people you're closest to.\\nLet them know your wishes for your diet, and briefly explain your reasons for going vegetarian. For instance, you might let them know that it fits your religious beliefs, that you want to improve your health, or that you care deeply about animal welfare and want to do your part to make a difference. You might even say that it's more affordable—plant-based meals often cost less than meals made with meat. No matter your reasons, try to keep an open mind about these conversations and ask people to respect your decision even if they don't agree.\\nDon't be surprised if you're met with a little resistance when people find out you're a vegetarian. There can be a lot of reasons for people to be critical—they might feel defensive of their own choice to eat meat, they might be ill-informed about vegetarianism, or they might have concerns about your health.\\nOffer to cook for the people in your life—they might be surprised how delicious a plant-based meal can be! If you're invited to gatherings, bring vegetarian-friendly foods so you know there will be something you can eat.\\n11. Plan ahead if you're going to eat out.\\nCheck out the restaurant's options ahead of time.\\nIf you're invited to a restaurant you've never been to before, go online and scope out their menu. See if they have any vegetarian options that will work for you, like veggie burgers, cheese quesadillas, or meat-free salads. Some restaurants will be willing to make small changes to their meals to make them meat-free, but if there's nothing on the menu that you can eat, either suggest somewhere different or politely decline the invitation.\\nIf you're going on vacation, take some time to research any vegetarian-friendly restaurants in the area before you leave.\\nTips\\nMany of your favorites can be turned vegetarian, such as lasagna, chili, and spaghetti without the meat or with meat substitutes. Also, many familiar foods such as peanut butter and jelly, pasta and tomato sauce, or black beans and rice are already vegetarian.\\nIf you're not getting enough nutrients from your diet, you may need to talk to your doctor about taking a daily multivitamin or other supplements so you stay healthy.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"There are a lot of reasons you might consider switching to a plant-based diet—maybe you're passionate about the treatment of animals, have a desire to decrease your impact on the environment, or want to improve your health. Whatever your reasons, you might be concerned that becoming a vegetarian will be tough. While you can expect a few hurdles along the path, making the switch can actually be a lot easier—and tastier—than you expected!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Experiment with new recipes.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check out vegetarian menus and cookbooks for new ideas.\", \"描述\": \"When you're starting out as a vegetarian, it's usually easiest to adapt recipes you already like. However, there's a whole world of vegetarian food out there, so don't feel like you're limited to just meals you already know! Read vegetarian cookbooks, blogs, and menus to find recipes that interest you. Branch out into new cuisines, as well—Indian food, for instance, has tons of tasty vegetarian dishes you can try!\\nVisit vegetarian restaurants to find new foods you like, then try to recreate those dishes at home.\\nGet creative—the more variety you can include in your diet, the more likely you'll be to get all the nutrients you need.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find plant-based substitutes at the grocery store.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Try meat alternatives when a craving hits.\", \"描述\": \"If you're really missing a certain food, check out which meat substitutes are available at your local grocery store. For instance, you might be able to grab some veggie burgers, wheat-based \\\"chicken\\\" cutlets, rice-paper \\\"bacon,\\\" or soy \\\"hot dogs.\\\" If you're going vegan, you might be able to find alternatives for things like eggs and cheese, as well.\\nThe texture and taste of these products usually aren't exactly the same as their meat-based counterparts, but you may find that you develop a preference for them anyway.\\nTofu, tempeh, and seitan can be used as a substitute for meat in a lot of conventional recipes.\\nAvoid basing your whole diet on these meat alternatives—they're usually highly processed, and you usually won't get the same nutritional benefits as you would from adding in more veggies to your meal.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Start by introducing a few meatless meals into your diet.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Gradually increase how many plant-based meals you eat each week.\", \"描述\": \"Jumping straight into a vegetarian diet can be a little tough if you're used to eating meat most days of the week. Instead, try reworking a few of your favorite meals each week so they're vegetarian-friendly. Over time, replace more and more of your meals with plant-based options until you're able to completely switch to a vegetarian diet.\\nFor instance, if you love to eat spaghetti, you can still enjoy it—just leave out the ground beef. Instead, load up your pasta with hearty veggies like zucchini, mushrooms, yellow squash, carrots, and red peppers.\\nIf you love chicken stir-fry, try substituting extra-firm tofu instead.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Give up one type of meat at a time.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don't try to quit everything all at once.\", \"描述\": \"Try eliminating foods on a schedule, like cutting out one meat every week. Not only will it be easier for you to adapt your meals if you switch gradually, but it can also give your body more time to adjust to the different diet. You might even plan to have one \\\"last meal\\\" with each ingredient you're giving up before you resolve not to eat it again.\\nFor instance, you might start by cutting all red meat from your diet, like beef, lamb, or venison. After a week, you might eliminate pork, such as bacon and ham, followed by chicken, then fish and shellfish.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Decide what kind of vegetarian you want to be.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"There are a number of different vegetarian diets to choose from.\", \"描述\": \"Vegetarians range from vegan—meaning they don't consume or use any type of animal products at all—to partial vegetarians, who just try to stick to a plant-based diet the majority of the time. This is a really personal choice, and it's okay if you need to experiment for a while to find out what works for you. In the end, it comes down to what makes you feel the best, both physically and mentally. Some of your choices include:\\nVegan: No animal products, including meat, dairy, eggs, gelatin, or honey.\\nLacto-ovo vegetarian: No meat, including poultry and fish, but can eat eggs and dairy\\nLacto vegetarian: No meat or eggs, but can have dairy\\nOvo vegetarian: No meat or dairy, but can eat eggs\\nPartial: May eat fish (pesco-vegetarian), poultry (pollo-vegetarian), or fish and poultry (pesce-pollotarian).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Eat tons of fruits, veggies, and whole grains.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don't just rely on pasta and junk food.\", \"描述\": \"Technically, as a vegetarian, you could just eat chips, noodles, and fries all day. However, that's not going to be very good for your body. Instead of eating a lot of processed, high-calorie foods, make sure you're getting plenty of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables in your diet. In general, each day you need about:\\n2 1/2 cups (around 400 g) of vegetables\\n2 cups (around 220 g) of fruits\\n6 1/2 oz of whole grains (the equivalent of 6 slices of bread or 650 g of cooked rice or pasta)\\n3 cups of dairy (equal to 237 ml of milk or 83 g of shredded cheese, for instance)\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Research your nutritional needs.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pay close attention to your intake of important nutrients.\", \"描述\": \"In particular, be sure you're eating enough vitamin B12, calcium, protein, iron, zinc, and other vitamins and minerals that you'd normally get from meat. Luckily, you can get a lot of the nutrients you need just by eating a variety of fruits and veggies each day. For instance, to get:\\nIron: Eat legumes (like chickpeas and lentils), tofu, dried fruit, broccoli, and iron-fortified cereals.\\nCalcium: Drink milk, fortified soy milk, and fortified orange juice; eat tofu and leafy greens like kale.\\nVitamin D: Drink milk or fortified soy milk and eat fortified breakfast cereals. Also, spend time outside—your body produces vitamin D when you're exposed to sunlight.\\nProtein: Eat eggs, dairy, nuts, tofu, beans, whole grains and cereals, and tofu.\\nB12: Consume eggs, dairy, fortified soy milk, fortified breakfast cereals, and nutritional yeast.\\nZinc: Eat dairy, dried beans, tofu, and fortified cereals.\\nOmega-3 fatty acids: Vegetable oils like soybean, canola, and flaxseed, as well as eggs, walnuts, and chia seeds.\\nIodine: Use iodized salt to season your food.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Read ingredient labels with care.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be aware that some surprising foods contain animal products.\", \"描述\": \"The only way to know for sure if a prepared product like a sauce, condiment, or soup is vegetarian is to read the label carefully. When you're starting out, it can help to carry a card with the names of animal-based ingredients so you can compare it to the label while you're at the store. A few foods to be mindful of:\\nCheese—may be made with rennet, which is made from the stomach lining of young animals\\nWorcestershire sauce—contains anchovies\\nCurry pastes—may contain fish sauce or shrimp paste\\nDesserts—may be made with gelatin or colored with cochineal, a food coloring made from beetle shells\\nAlcoholic drinks—may be filtered using animal products\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Don't give up if you eat something with meat.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"It's normal to have a relapse once in a while.\", \"描述\": \"Many vegetarians have cravings for meat once in a while, especially in the early days. If that happens and you give in, it doesn't mean you're any less committed to a plant-based diet, so don't be too hard on yourself. Just remind yourself why you wanted to be a vegetarian in the first place, and keep trying.\\nYou might even find that it's easier for you to eat a mostly plant-based diet, but to still have meat or fish occasionally. If that's the case, don't fret—you'll still get many of the same health benefits as you would from following a fully vegetarian diet.\\nOne study found that as many as 84% of vegetarians have a relapse after a year, so if you do give in and have a meat-based meal, keep in mind that you're definitely not alone.\\nIf you suddenly start craving meat, you might not be getting enough food. Be sure you eat at least 1200 calories a day, and include legumes, nuts, and seeds in your diet so you'll get enough healthy fats.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Ask your family and friends for support.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Talk to the people you're closest to.\", \"描述\": \"Let them know your wishes for your diet, and briefly explain your reasons for going vegetarian. For instance, you might let them know that it fits your religious beliefs, that you want to improve your health, or that you care deeply about animal welfare and want to do your part to make a difference. You might even say that it's more affordable—plant-based meals often cost less than meals made with meat. No matter your reasons, try to keep an open mind about these conversations and ask people to respect your decision even if they don't agree.\\nDon't be surprised if you're met with a little resistance when people find out you're a vegetarian. There can be a lot of reasons for people to be critical—they might feel defensive of their own choice to eat meat, they might be ill-informed about vegetarianism, or they might have concerns about your health.\\nOffer to cook for the people in your life—they might be surprised how delicious a plant-based meal can be! If you're invited to gatherings, bring vegetarian-friendly foods so you know there will be something you can eat.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Plan ahead if you're going to eat out.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check out the restaurant's options ahead of time.\", \"描述\": \"If you're invited to a restaurant you've never been to before, go online and scope out their menu. See if they have any vegetarian options that will work for you, like veggie burgers, cheese quesadillas, or meat-free salads. Some restaurants will be willing to make small changes to their meals to make them meat-free, but if there's nothing on the menu that you can eat, either suggest somewhere different or politely decline the invitation.\\nIf you're going on vacation, take some time to research any vegetarian-friendly restaurants in the area before you leave.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Many of your favorites can be turned vegetarian, such as lasagna, chili, and spaghetti without the meat or with meat substitutes. Also, many familiar foods such as peanut butter and jelly, pasta and tomato sauce, or black beans and rice are already vegetarian.\\n\", \"If you're not getting enough nutrients from your diet, you may need to talk to your doctor about taking a daily multivitamin or other supplements so you stay healthy.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,860 |
How to Become a Vendor
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1. Getting Started
1-1. Get the proper vendor's license in your city.
The steps to obtain a vendor's license vary widely, depending on the type of things you want to sell and the place in which you want to sell it. Visit the revenue agency and the county clerk's office to find out what you need to do to sell things on the street. In general, though, a street vendor needs to obtain:
A sales tax permit from the revenue agency of your state
A tax certificate
A business license from the county clerk's office
A vendor or peddler's license
1-2. Develop a compelling product or service.
What do people want in your area? What do they need? Try to find a hole in the market that you're trying to crack into and fill that space. If you want to become a farmer's market vendor, what could your farmer's market use? If you want to sell things at concerts, what do concert-goers need?
Try to avoid picking something very common to sell at a particular location. Being the new guy with the taco truck in a city loaded with taco trucks will be a tough challenge. Think of ways to make your product unique and sellable.
If you've got a common product that you need to get rid of, think of how to spin it so it seems different from other varieties, even if it isn't particularly. Consider ways you may change your product so it stands distinct. If someone else sells artisanal jam at the farmer's market, what will make yours different?
1-3. Get the gear.
If you want to sell clothes off a blanket in the park, you're probably ready to go. But if you want to start a more complicated or professional vending service, you'll need to plan for a full day of working and how to easily bring everything that you'll need for the service. Will you need a cart? A truck? Bags in which to put your merchandise? What about a change box?
Consider refrigeration and food-service guidelines if you're going to sell food. You'll need a food-handler's license if you want to sell anything edible.
1-4. Brand yourself and your product
What do you have that other vendors don't have? What makes you stand out from the crowd? If your taco cart was in line with fifty other taco carts, why should someone come to your place over the others? Give some thought to creating a brand for your vending service and making it stand out. Consider:
The name of your service
The visual aesthetic of your space
Your unique take on the product or service
Your customers' desires
1-5. Find the appropriate avenue for your business.
It may be that the farmer's market or other common street location isn't the best place to sell your wares. Explore other options to find a place you can reliably make money. Vendors are common mainstays at all kinds of other places, like:
Corporate office parks
Outside bars
Outdoor concert venues
Public parks
Zoos
Theme parks
Festivals
Busy street corners or intersections
Downtown business districts
Outside metro stations or subways
2. Making Money
2-1. Price your products appropriately.
For street vendors there are two basic pricing options, to price your product cheaply and hope to sell a large quantity of it, or to price your product at a premium and hope that the quality speaks for itself. Customers, in general, want a discount, and to feel as if they're getting a good deal when they buy something from a vendor, or that they're getting something special that they couldn't get anywhere else, and are willing to pay more for it.
are beneficial because you've already done the customer the service of bringing the product to them. You're out on the street, in a convenient location for them to access, and offering a product at a cheap price. If it's too close to the operating cost, however, you'll be close to breaking even unless you sell a lot of whatever it is you're making or providing.
can drive business away unless the product is very good. If you're selling watches, for example, they'll need to be relatively cheap, because customers might just think, "Why not go to a store and buy something for face value." If you have a super-unique item, like a homemade organic popsicle, people might be willing to shell out a bit more.
2-2. Uncomplicate your sales.
Whatever you're selling should be easy for the customer to understand, featuring simple pricing and an easy access to the product. If you've got a complicated list of features and levels of pricing for your various taco toppings, it's going to make people less willing to come up to your booth. If, written huge on your sign, you have "$2 Tacos," people will get the picture.
2-3. Be professional.
Even if you're just selling some cheap jewelry off a blanket, you need to treat it like a serious business and act with the same professionalism and seriousness you'd take to a 9-5 job. Look the part, be fair, and treat your customers with respect. You want to develop a reputation as a serious vendor who can be trusted, not as a sleazy person who can't be trusted.
Understand that it takes time to build a reputation. It's nothing that's going to happen overnight, but you must center your business around good customer service, good hospitality, and creating a good product in general.
2-4. Stick to it.
People won't line up right away. At the end of your first several days, you might be somewhat frustrated at the lack of business. Customers are understandably weary of new vendors, and the same person might pass by your location several times before deciding to pull the trigger and offer you business. Try to stay upbeat, positive, and stay out there. You can't sell anything if you pack it in for the day.
You must be flexible and roll with the punches. Not everything is going to work out like you plan, especially at first. There's going to be a lot of trial and error. So, being flexible, understanding that your idea or your product might not fit with the clientele that you're going after are essential things to keep in mind.
2-5. Stay safe.
Try not to stay out there alone selling things. There's safety in numbers if you're going to be posted up outside with a bunch of loose change and cash on hand. Stick with another person to make sure you won't be alone and become a target for robbers.
3. Expanding Your Business
3-1. Promote your brand with promotions and deals.
When people start to patronize your vending service, give them a deal. Give them a reason to come back. Give them something to talk about with their friends. People need to feel as if they're getting something for a good price, or they're coming out on top of the exchange for some reason. Promoting your business by some kind of promotional tactic can help bring people in. Consider trying out:
Buy one get one free promotions
Half-price happy hours
Coupon flyers
Free samples
Punch card coupons, for repeat business
Don't forget about word of mouth, too! Word of mouth is one of the best ways to grow a business.
3-2. Develop an online presence.
You don't have to maintain an expensive website to advertise your business, but it's a good idea at least to advertise on Facebook or other social networking sites to keep people updated on your location, your products, and other aspects of your business.
Especially if you're somewhat mobile, maintaining an online presence is critical. How will your fans know you're going to be posted up outside the Friday concert if you don't shoot off a Facebook post?
If you're not big on social networking, create an email list and have people sign up for it at your booth or cart. Send out periodic updates about what you're working on and what you'll be selling.
3-3. Hook up with other vendors to create "pods."
There's strength in numbers. Hook up with complementary vendors to create your own row of similar-but-different booths that will create a destination for shoppers. This is somewhat common adjacent to farmer's markets, where booths that don't fit in with the farmer's market guidelines, but ones that still provide high-quality and interesting goods, can take advantage of the traffic. Post-up with others and everyone will benefit.
3-4. Grow your operation.
If the money starts coming in, hire someone else to start up another location and offer the same service. If you've got two taco carts, you can cover twice the ground, sell twice the product, and get to that many more people in the same amount of time. Save up your funds until you've got enough to make it financially viable, and then start expanding aggressively.
3-5. Consider incorporation
Many new restaurants started as food carts or simple operations. If you get to the point where you think it might be time to start a formal business, make it formal. Move into a brick and mortar store and get the proper forms to form an LLC, consulting investors and getting the capital you need to start your own successful business.
Tips
Do some additional research. Remember, becoming a vendor is no small thing.
Try selling a variety of things, like if you sell bracelets, do many designs and colors.
For security, make sure you hide your cash box.
Warnings
Never sell food, jewelry, or other items without the proper license from your local government.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:02",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting Started\\n1-1. Get the proper vendor's license in your city.\\nThe steps to obtain a vendor's license vary widely, depending on the type of things you want to sell and the place in which you want to sell it. Visit the revenue agency and the county clerk's office to find out what you need to do to sell things on the street. In general, though, a street vendor needs to obtain:\\nA sales tax permit from the revenue agency of your state\\nA tax certificate\\nA business license from the county clerk's office\\nA vendor or peddler's license\\n1-2. Develop a compelling product or service.\\nWhat do people want in your area? What do they need? Try to find a hole in the market that you're trying to crack into and fill that space. If you want to become a farmer's market vendor, what could your farmer's market use? If you want to sell things at concerts, what do concert-goers need?\\nTry to avoid picking something very common to sell at a particular location. Being the new guy with the taco truck in a city loaded with taco trucks will be a tough challenge. Think of ways to make your product unique and sellable.\\nIf you've got a common product that you need to get rid of, think of how to spin it so it seems different from other varieties, even if it isn't particularly. Consider ways you may change your product so it stands distinct. If someone else sells artisanal jam at the farmer's market, what will make yours different?\\n1-3. Get the gear.\\nIf you want to sell clothes off a blanket in the park, you're probably ready to go. But if you want to start a more complicated or professional vending service, you'll need to plan for a full day of working and how to easily bring everything that you'll need for the service. Will you need a cart? A truck? Bags in which to put your merchandise? What about a change box?\\nConsider refrigeration and food-service guidelines if you're going to sell food. You'll need a food-handler's license if you want to sell anything edible.\\n1-4. Brand yourself and your product\\nWhat do you have that other vendors don't have? What makes you stand out from the crowd? If your taco cart was in line with fifty other taco carts, why should someone come to your place over the others? Give some thought to creating a brand for your vending service and making it stand out. Consider:\\nThe name of your service\\nThe visual aesthetic of your space\\nYour unique take on the product or service\\nYour customers' desires\\n1-5. Find the appropriate avenue for your business.\\nIt may be that the farmer's market or other common street location isn't the best place to sell your wares. Explore other options to find a place you can reliably make money. Vendors are common mainstays at all kinds of other places, like:\\nCorporate office parks\\nOutside bars\\nOutdoor concert venues\\nPublic parks\\nZoos\\nTheme parks\\nFestivals\\nBusy street corners or intersections\\nDowntown business districts\\nOutside metro stations or subways\\n2. Making Money\\n2-1. Price your products appropriately.\\nFor street vendors there are two basic pricing options, to price your product cheaply and hope to sell a large quantity of it, or to price your product at a premium and hope that the quality speaks for itself. Customers, in general, want a discount, and to feel as if they're getting a good deal when they buy something from a vendor, or that they're getting something special that they couldn't get anywhere else, and are willing to pay more for it.\\n\\n are beneficial because you've already done the customer the service of bringing the product to them. You're out on the street, in a convenient location for them to access, and offering a product at a cheap price. If it's too close to the operating cost, however, you'll be close to breaking even unless you sell a lot of whatever it is you're making or providing.\\n can drive business away unless the product is very good. If you're selling watches, for example, they'll need to be relatively cheap, because customers might just think, \\\"Why not go to a store and buy something for face value.\\\" If you have a super-unique item, like a homemade organic popsicle, people might be willing to shell out a bit more.\\n2-2. Uncomplicate your sales.\\nWhatever you're selling should be easy for the customer to understand, featuring simple pricing and an easy access to the product. If you've got a complicated list of features and levels of pricing for your various taco toppings, it's going to make people less willing to come up to your booth. If, written huge on your sign, you have \\\"$2 Tacos,\\\" people will get the picture.\\n2-3. Be professional.\\nEven if you're just selling some cheap jewelry off a blanket, you need to treat it like a serious business and act with the same professionalism and seriousness you'd take to a 9-5 job. Look the part, be fair, and treat your customers with respect. You want to develop a reputation as a serious vendor who can be trusted, not as a sleazy person who can't be trusted.\\nUnderstand that it takes time to build a reputation. It's nothing that's going to happen overnight, but you must center your business around good customer service, good hospitality, and creating a good product in general.\\n2-4. Stick to it.\\nPeople won't line up right away. At the end of your first several days, you might be somewhat frustrated at the lack of business. Customers are understandably weary of new vendors, and the same person might pass by your location several times before deciding to pull the trigger and offer you business. Try to stay upbeat, positive, and stay out there. You can't sell anything if you pack it in for the day.\\nYou must be flexible and roll with the punches. Not everything is going to work out like you plan, especially at first. There's going to be a lot of trial and error. So, being flexible, understanding that your idea or your product might not fit with the clientele that you're going after are essential things to keep in mind.\\n2-5. Stay safe.\\nTry not to stay out there alone selling things. There's safety in numbers if you're going to be posted up outside with a bunch of loose change and cash on hand. Stick with another person to make sure you won't be alone and become a target for robbers.\\n3. Expanding Your Business\\n3-1. Promote your brand with promotions and deals.\\nWhen people start to patronize your vending service, give them a deal. Give them a reason to come back. Give them something to talk about with their friends. People need to feel as if they're getting something for a good price, or they're coming out on top of the exchange for some reason. Promoting your business by some kind of promotional tactic can help bring people in. Consider trying out:\\nBuy one get one free promotions\\nHalf-price happy hours\\nCoupon flyers\\nFree samples\\nPunch card coupons, for repeat business\\nDon't forget about word of mouth, too! Word of mouth is one of the best ways to grow a business.\\n3-2. Develop an online presence.\\nYou don't have to maintain an expensive website to advertise your business, but it's a good idea at least to advertise on Facebook or other social networking sites to keep people updated on your location, your products, and other aspects of your business.\\nEspecially if you're somewhat mobile, maintaining an online presence is critical. How will your fans know you're going to be posted up outside the Friday concert if you don't shoot off a Facebook post?\\nIf you're not big on social networking, create an email list and have people sign up for it at your booth or cart. Send out periodic updates about what you're working on and what you'll be selling.\\n3-3. Hook up with other vendors to create \\\"pods.\\\"\\nThere's strength in numbers. Hook up with complementary vendors to create your own row of similar-but-different booths that will create a destination for shoppers. This is somewhat common adjacent to farmer's markets, where booths that don't fit in with the farmer's market guidelines, but ones that still provide high-quality and interesting goods, can take advantage of the traffic. Post-up with others and everyone will benefit.\\n3-4. Grow your operation.\\nIf the money starts coming in, hire someone else to start up another location and offer the same service. If you've got two taco carts, you can cover twice the ground, sell twice the product, and get to that many more people in the same amount of time. Save up your funds until you've got enough to make it financially viable, and then start expanding aggressively.\\n3-5. Consider incorporation\\nMany new restaurants started as food carts or simple operations. If you get to the point where you think it might be time to start a formal business, make it formal. Move into a brick and mortar store and get the proper forms to form an LLC, consulting investors and getting the capital you need to start your own successful business.\\nTips\\nDo some additional research. Remember, becoming a vendor is no small thing.\\nTry selling a variety of things, like if you sell bracelets, do many designs and colors.\\nFor security, make sure you hide your cash box.\\nWarnings\\nNever sell food, jewelry, or other items without the proper license from your local government.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Vendors give a city its personality. Being able to buy things from a person who's operating their own business is exciting and personal, giving customers the opportunity to interact with business owners in a unique way. If you want to become a vendor and sell a unique product, you can learn to get the proper documents to make it legal, grow your business and expand into a successful vending operation.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting Started\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get the proper vendor's license in your city.\", \"描述\": \"The steps to obtain a vendor's license vary widely, depending on the type of things you want to sell and the place in which you want to sell it. Visit the revenue agency and the county clerk's office to find out what you need to do to sell things on the street. In general, though, a street vendor needs to obtain:\\nA sales tax permit from the revenue agency of your state\\nA tax certificate\\nA business license from the county clerk's office\\nA vendor or peddler's license\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Develop a compelling product or service.\", \"描述\": \"What do people want in your area? What do they need? Try to find a hole in the market that you're trying to crack into and fill that space. If you want to become a farmer's market vendor, what could your farmer's market use? If you want to sell things at concerts, what do concert-goers need?\\nTry to avoid picking something very common to sell at a particular location. Being the new guy with the taco truck in a city loaded with taco trucks will be a tough challenge. Think of ways to make your product unique and sellable.\\nIf you've got a common product that you need to get rid of, think of how to spin it so it seems different from other varieties, even if it isn't particularly. Consider ways you may change your product so it stands distinct. If someone else sells artisanal jam at the farmer's market, what will make yours different?\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get the gear.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to sell clothes off a blanket in the park, you're probably ready to go. But if you want to start a more complicated or professional vending service, you'll need to plan for a full day of working and how to easily bring everything that you'll need for the service. Will you need a cart? A truck? Bags in which to put your merchandise? What about a change box?\\nConsider refrigeration and food-service guidelines if you're going to sell food. You'll need a food-handler's license if you want to sell anything edible.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Brand yourself and your product\", \"描述\": \"What do you have that other vendors don't have? What makes you stand out from the crowd? If your taco cart was in line with fifty other taco carts, why should someone come to your place over the others? Give some thought to creating a brand for your vending service and making it stand out. Consider:\\nThe name of your service\\nThe visual aesthetic of your space\\nYour unique take on the product or service\\nYour customers' desires\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Find the appropriate avenue for your business.\", \"描述\": \"It may be that the farmer's market or other common street location isn't the best place to sell your wares. Explore other options to find a place you can reliably make money. Vendors are common mainstays at all kinds of other places, like:\\nCorporate office parks\\nOutside bars\\nOutdoor concert venues\\nPublic parks\\nZoos\\nTheme parks\\nFestivals\\nBusy street corners or intersections\\nDowntown business districts\\nOutside metro stations or subways\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Making Money\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Price your products appropriately.\", \"描述\": \"For street vendors there are two basic pricing options, to price your product cheaply and hope to sell a large quantity of it, or to price your product at a premium and hope that the quality speaks for itself. Customers, in general, want a discount, and to feel as if they're getting a good deal when they buy something from a vendor, or that they're getting something special that they couldn't get anywhere else, and are willing to pay more for it.\\n\\n are beneficial because you've already done the customer the service of bringing the product to them. You're out on the street, in a convenient location for them to access, and offering a product at a cheap price. If it's too close to the operating cost, however, you'll be close to breaking even unless you sell a lot of whatever it is you're making or providing.\\n can drive business away unless the product is very good. If you're selling watches, for example, they'll need to be relatively cheap, because customers might just think, \\\"Why not go to a store and buy something for face value.\\\" If you have a super-unique item, like a homemade organic popsicle, people might be willing to shell out a bit more.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Uncomplicate your sales.\", \"描述\": \"Whatever you're selling should be easy for the customer to understand, featuring simple pricing and an easy access to the product. If you've got a complicated list of features and levels of pricing for your various taco toppings, it's going to make people less willing to come up to your booth. If, written huge on your sign, you have \\\"$2 Tacos,\\\" people will get the picture.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be professional.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you're just selling some cheap jewelry off a blanket, you need to treat it like a serious business and act with the same professionalism and seriousness you'd take to a 9-5 job. Look the part, be fair, and treat your customers with respect. You want to develop a reputation as a serious vendor who can be trusted, not as a sleazy person who can't be trusted.\\nUnderstand that it takes time to build a reputation. It's nothing that's going to happen overnight, but you must center your business around good customer service, good hospitality, and creating a good product in general.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stick to it.\", \"描述\": \"People won't line up right away. At the end of your first several days, you might be somewhat frustrated at the lack of business. Customers are understandably weary of new vendors, and the same person might pass by your location several times before deciding to pull the trigger and offer you business. Try to stay upbeat, positive, and stay out there. You can't sell anything if you pack it in for the day.\\nYou must be flexible and roll with the punches. Not everything is going to work out like you plan, especially at first. There's going to be a lot of trial and error. So, being flexible, understanding that your idea or your product might not fit with the clientele that you're going after are essential things to keep in mind.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Stay safe.\", \"描述\": \"Try not to stay out there alone selling things. There's safety in numbers if you're going to be posted up outside with a bunch of loose change and cash on hand. Stick with another person to make sure you won't be alone and become a target for robbers.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Expanding Your Business\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Promote your brand with promotions and deals.\", \"描述\": \"When people start to patronize your vending service, give them a deal. Give them a reason to come back. Give them something to talk about with their friends. People need to feel as if they're getting something for a good price, or they're coming out on top of the exchange for some reason. Promoting your business by some kind of promotional tactic can help bring people in. Consider trying out:\\nBuy one get one free promotions\\nHalf-price happy hours\\nCoupon flyers\\nFree samples\\nPunch card coupons, for repeat business\\nDon't forget about word of mouth, too! Word of mouth is one of the best ways to grow a business.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Develop an online presence.\", \"描述\": \"You don't have to maintain an expensive website to advertise your business, but it's a good idea at least to advertise on Facebook or other social networking sites to keep people updated on your location, your products, and other aspects of your business.\\nEspecially if you're somewhat mobile, maintaining an online presence is critical. How will your fans know you're going to be posted up outside the Friday concert if you don't shoot off a Facebook post?\\nIf you're not big on social networking, create an email list and have people sign up for it at your booth or cart. Send out periodic updates about what you're working on and what you'll be selling.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Hook up with other vendors to create \\\"pods.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"There's strength in numbers. Hook up with complementary vendors to create your own row of similar-but-different booths that will create a destination for shoppers. This is somewhat common adjacent to farmer's markets, where booths that don't fit in with the farmer's market guidelines, but ones that still provide high-quality and interesting goods, can take advantage of the traffic. Post-up with others and everyone will benefit.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Grow your operation.\", \"描述\": \"If the money starts coming in, hire someone else to start up another location and offer the same service. If you've got two taco carts, you can cover twice the ground, sell twice the product, and get to that many more people in the same amount of time. Save up your funds until you've got enough to make it financially viable, and then start expanding aggressively.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Consider incorporation\", \"描述\": \"Many new restaurants started as food carts or simple operations. If you get to the point where you think it might be time to start a formal business, make it formal. Move into a brick and mortar store and get the proper forms to form an LLC, consulting investors and getting the capital you need to start your own successful business.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Do some additional research. Remember, becoming a vendor is no small thing.\\n\", \"Try selling a variety of things, like if you sell bracelets, do many designs and colors.\\n\", \"For security, make sure you hide your cash box.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Never sell food, jewelry, or other items without the proper license from your local government.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,861 |
How to Become a Veterinarian
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1. Preparing to Get Into Veterinary College
1-1. Gain experience in the veterinary field.
Preparing for a career as a veterinarian begins long before even graduating from high school. You will want to gain as much experience with animals and in the veterinary field as possible during high school and your undergraduate career. This experience will expose you to what veterinarians actually do, and will give you veterinary experience to put on your resume for veterinary school.
In the United States there are 30 colleges of veterinary medicine which graduate about 3,000 veterinarians a year.
You could volunteer at your local animal shelter, or you could shadow your pet's veterinarian. Working at a livestock farm can also help you gain valuable animal experience.
Most colleges of veterinary medicine require a minimum of 400 hours of animal related experience
1-2. Graduate from high school.
While in high school, you should pay attention to your performance in science courses, such as Chemistry, Biology, and Physics. Also pay attention to math courses, such as Trigonometry, Geometry, and Algebra. If you can excel in these areas, it may be a good indicator that medicine is the right field for you.
If possible, take AP classes. Also, excelling in English class will help, as veterinarians need to be good at communicating to other people.
If you do not have a high school diploma, you can try to pass the GED exam, and earn a GED instead. Passing the GED exam might seem like a good idea, but many veterinary colleges prefer that you have completed high school. However, if you excel in undergraduate school, you will at least be a competitive applicant.
1-3. Get a bachelors degree.
You will need to attend an undergraduate college or university which offers the pre-requisite courses for admittance into veterinary college. Make sure to complete all prerequisite courses for veterinary school. If one school's prerequisites vary from some of the others, make sure to take the prerequisite courses for all of these schools.
These courses consist of many advanced science courses, such as biochemistry, organic and inorganic chemistry, and physics. They are necessary to prepare the student for the vigorous coursework in veterinary college.
Keep in mind, required to get into veterinary schools, nor is there any "preferred" degrees so no need to take a STEM degree. However, if you still want to go with Biology, Physics, Chemistry, at least you will be a fierce applicant which is good because colleges like to see students try to push themselves to the limit.
1-4. Consider an accelerated path to veterinary school.
This may save considerable time and money. According to the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), more than 10% of recent incoming vet school students did not earn a bachelor's degree. These students may have earned an associate's degree in a field like animal science, or earned no degree in college while completing the prerequisite courses for veterinary school.
1-5. Take the GRE (graduate record examination).
You will most likely need to take the GRE towards the end of your college studies. These tests are standardized tests which graduate and professional schools use in deciding admission to their colleges.
Odds are that the veterinary school of your choice wants your GRE scores. However, some schools accept the MCAT as well.
The GRE is mainly a test to see if you're ready to study at a higher level (and to weed out those that aren't serious).
The scores you need will vary by school.
1-6. Work hard on your application to veterinary school.
Getting into veterinary school is very hard. There are far fewer veterinary schools than medical schools. So, you need to make your application stand out! Making your application stand out is not hard! First, you will need to get lots of veterinary experience and animal experience.
Veterinary experience only qualifies as work done under a veterinarian.
As for recommendation letters, you'll probably need three: one from your academic adviser, one from a veterinarian, and one from an individual choice. If you can choose to waive the right to see your letters before they are submitted, do so. It shows that you trust your superiors' opinions of you, and the admissions panel will know that the person writing about you was honest.
1-7. Prepare for the financial strain of veterinary school.
Just like with most colleges, veterinary college is expensive. In the US the average tuition each year for in-state students is $22,500. For out of state students it is $46,000. The average veterinary student graduates with $135,000 of debt.
Salaries starting out in the veterinary field are much lower than those of other equivalent professions, such as dentists or physicians. In the US the average starting salary is around $67,000 a year but this varies widely.
There are only a few options to help with loan repayment. These include two government sponsored loan forgiveness programs. These programs are competitive and mainly for people serving as veterinarians in the livestock or food and public health fields.
States without veterinary colleges often have agreements with a neighboring state to have their residents be granted in-state tuition.
2. Becoming a Veterinarian
2-1. Complete veterinary school.
The professional veterinary college program typically lasts for four years before the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) degree is earned. Two accredited schools in the US, Ross University and St. Matthew's University, have a trimester schedule, which allows students to graduate in just over three years. The coursework involved in veterinary school includes anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, along with specific veterinary courses in surgery and medicine.
During the first two years, you will focus on a breadth of subjects in science in order to build the basic framework for your education. During your third and fourth years, you will focus on clinical studies, working directly with animals, and participating in externships and/or research projects. You may also consider doing an internship or residency program while working toward your degree. This will teach you practical skills from professionals in the field, and improve your employment prospects in the future.
There are only 30 accredited veterinary schools in the US, making the program quite competitive. Tuition will vary dramatically depending on the institution you choose.
Consider doing an internship or residency program while working toward your degree. This will teach you practical skills from professionals in the field, and improve your employment prospects in the future.
2-2. Pass your licensing exam.
At the end of the fourth year of study veterinary students in North America will take the North American Veterinary Licensing Exam. This test is required in order for you to obtain a license to practice veterinary medicine.
In addition, each state board of veterinary medicine may impose additional testing requirements to obtaining a license to practice in the state. You will need to pass these examination with a minimum score in order to be licensed to practice.
In order to be eligible for enrollment, you must have completed a four year veterinary program that is accredited by the Council on Education of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA).
2-3. Consider interning for one year prior to finding a permanent position.
This will offer you the chance to have a specialization, like internal medicine or surgery. That way you'll really be a pro in your chosen area of expertise.
Your vet school should be able to point you in the right direction. This one-year period could be just a temporary gig or it could turn into something more substantial. Whatever it is, find someone who can serve as your mentor that's doing what you want to do in the future.
3. Being a Veterinarian
3-1. Start your job search.
Most veterinary students begin their job search during their final half of the fourth year of college. Most veterinarians work in private veterinary clinics that provide medical care for small, companion pets. Other veterinarians specialize in working with large animals, like horses, cows, and sheep, traveling to ranches and farms to provide care.
Still other veterinarians specialize in treating exotic animals in zoos or aquariums.
Veterinarians can also find employment in the military (a good option to pay for college expenses), the government, or in research.
3-2. Take the veterinarian's oath.
Before you start working and caring for animals, you need to take the veterinarian's oath. You're basically promising that you'll use your powers for good and not evil.
3-3. Be able to communicate with both animals and people.
In order to succeed in this job, you must be compassionate, confident, and able to communicate and make decisions. Despite the opportunity to work with kittens and puppies (along with all other animals) there will always be a person attached to that animal that you will need to communicate with to give the pets and animals the best care possible.
3-4. Consider getting further education.
Some vets even go so far as to get their PhDs. If you'd like to lead the field in research, this is a great idea. Having a PhD will have the added benefit of potentially giving you a massive bump in your salary!
The Bureau of Labor Statistics says that the need for vets is going to increase in the near future. Since there are so few schools, the output to trained veterinarians generated isn't much, which means you stand a good chance of steady employment once you finish school.
Tips
In addition to their breadth of knowledge, veterinarians must also have strong communication skills, as the job entails working with both animals and their owners or trainers.
There are many great sources of additional information for helping you become a veterinarian. For further reading, consider visiting websites for the American Veterinarian Medical Association (AVMA), American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), or your state's veterinary medical association.
Warnings
Clinical practice, especially with livestock, can be dangerous and physically demanding. In rural areas, jobs will also include emergency on-call duties on weekends, evenings, holiday, and overnight in addition to a full day’s work.
The coursework required for veterinary college will be very heavy. It will be hard to manage a job in addition to your schooling, especially during the first year. So plan your finances accordingly.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:02",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing to Get Into Veterinary College\\n1-1. Gain experience in the veterinary field.\\nPreparing for a career as a veterinarian begins long before even graduating from high school. You will want to gain as much experience with animals and in the veterinary field as possible during high school and your undergraduate career. This experience will expose you to what veterinarians actually do, and will give you veterinary experience to put on your resume for veterinary school.\\nIn the United States there are 30 colleges of veterinary medicine which graduate about 3,000 veterinarians a year.\\nYou could volunteer at your local animal shelter, or you could shadow your pet's veterinarian. Working at a livestock farm can also help you gain valuable animal experience.\\nMost colleges of veterinary medicine require a minimum of 400 hours of animal related experience\\n1-2. Graduate from high school.\\nWhile in high school, you should pay attention to your performance in science courses, such as Chemistry, Biology, and Physics. Also pay attention to math courses, such as Trigonometry, Geometry, and Algebra. If you can excel in these areas, it may be a good indicator that medicine is the right field for you.\\nIf possible, take AP classes. Also, excelling in English class will help, as veterinarians need to be good at communicating to other people.\\nIf you do not have a high school diploma, you can try to pass the GED exam, and earn a GED instead. Passing the GED exam might seem like a good idea, but many veterinary colleges prefer that you have completed high school. However, if you excel in undergraduate school, you will at least be a competitive applicant.\\n1-3. Get a bachelors degree.\\nYou will need to attend an undergraduate college or university which offers the pre-requisite courses for admittance into veterinary college. Make sure to complete all prerequisite courses for veterinary school. If one school's prerequisites vary from some of the others, make sure to take the prerequisite courses for all of these schools.\\nThese courses consist of many advanced science courses, such as biochemistry, organic and inorganic chemistry, and physics. They are necessary to prepare the student for the vigorous coursework in veterinary college.\\nKeep in mind, required to get into veterinary schools, nor is there any \\\"preferred\\\" degrees so no need to take a STEM degree. However, if you still want to go with Biology, Physics, Chemistry, at least you will be a fierce applicant which is good because colleges like to see students try to push themselves to the limit.\\n1-4. Consider an accelerated path to veterinary school.\\nThis may save considerable time and money. According to the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), more than 10% of recent incoming vet school students did not earn a bachelor's degree. These students may have earned an associate's degree in a field like animal science, or earned no degree in college while completing the prerequisite courses for veterinary school.\\n1-5. Take the GRE (graduate record examination).\\nYou will most likely need to take the GRE towards the end of your college studies. These tests are standardized tests which graduate and professional schools use in deciding admission to their colleges.\\nOdds are that the veterinary school of your choice wants your GRE scores. However, some schools accept the MCAT as well.\\nThe GRE is mainly a test to see if you're ready to study at a higher level (and to weed out those that aren't serious).\\nThe scores you need will vary by school.\\n1-6. Work hard on your application to veterinary school.\\nGetting into veterinary school is very hard. There are far fewer veterinary schools than medical schools. So, you need to make your application stand out! Making your application stand out is not hard! First, you will need to get lots of veterinary experience and animal experience.\\nVeterinary experience only qualifies as work done under a veterinarian.\\nAs for recommendation letters, you'll probably need three: one from your academic adviser, one from a veterinarian, and one from an individual choice. If you can choose to waive the right to see your letters before they are submitted, do so. It shows that you trust your superiors' opinions of you, and the admissions panel will know that the person writing about you was honest.\\n1-7. Prepare for the financial strain of veterinary school.\\nJust like with most colleges, veterinary college is expensive. In the US the average tuition each year for in-state students is $22,500. For out of state students it is $46,000. The average veterinary student graduates with $135,000 of debt.\\nSalaries starting out in the veterinary field are much lower than those of other equivalent professions, such as dentists or physicians. In the US the average starting salary is around $67,000 a year but this varies widely.\\nThere are only a few options to help with loan repayment. These include two government sponsored loan forgiveness programs. These programs are competitive and mainly for people serving as veterinarians in the livestock or food and public health fields.\\nStates without veterinary colleges often have agreements with a neighboring state to have their residents be granted in-state tuition.\\n2. Becoming a Veterinarian\\n2-1. Complete veterinary school.\\nThe professional veterinary college program typically lasts for four years before the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) degree is earned. Two accredited schools in the US, Ross University and St. Matthew's University, have a trimester schedule, which allows students to graduate in just over three years. The coursework involved in veterinary school includes anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, along with specific veterinary courses in surgery and medicine.\\nDuring the first two years, you will focus on a breadth of subjects in science in order to build the basic framework for your education. During your third and fourth years, you will focus on clinical studies, working directly with animals, and participating in externships and/or research projects. You may also consider doing an internship or residency program while working toward your degree. This will teach you practical skills from professionals in the field, and improve your employment prospects in the future.\\nThere are only 30 accredited veterinary schools in the US, making the program quite competitive. Tuition will vary dramatically depending on the institution you choose.\\nConsider doing an internship or residency program while working toward your degree. This will teach you practical skills from professionals in the field, and improve your employment prospects in the future.\\n2-2. Pass your licensing exam.\\nAt the end of the fourth year of study veterinary students in North America will take the North American Veterinary Licensing Exam. This test is required in order for you to obtain a license to practice veterinary medicine.\\nIn addition, each state board of veterinary medicine may impose additional testing requirements to obtaining a license to practice in the state. You will need to pass these examination with a minimum score in order to be licensed to practice.\\nIn order to be eligible for enrollment, you must have completed a four year veterinary program that is accredited by the Council on Education of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA).\\n2-3. Consider interning for one year prior to finding a permanent position.\\nThis will offer you the chance to have a specialization, like internal medicine or surgery. That way you'll really be a pro in your chosen area of expertise.\\nYour vet school should be able to point you in the right direction. This one-year period could be just a temporary gig or it could turn into something more substantial. Whatever it is, find someone who can serve as your mentor that's doing what you want to do in the future.\\n3. Being a Veterinarian\\n3-1. Start your job search.\\nMost veterinary students begin their job search during their final half of the fourth year of college. Most veterinarians work in private veterinary clinics that provide medical care for small, companion pets. Other veterinarians specialize in working with large animals, like horses, cows, and sheep, traveling to ranches and farms to provide care.\\nStill other veterinarians specialize in treating exotic animals in zoos or aquariums.\\nVeterinarians can also find employment in the military (a good option to pay for college expenses), the government, or in research.\\n3-2. Take the veterinarian's oath.\\nBefore you start working and caring for animals, you need to take the veterinarian's oath. You're basically promising that you'll use your powers for good and not evil.\\n3-3. Be able to communicate with both animals and people.\\nIn order to succeed in this job, you must be compassionate, confident, and able to communicate and make decisions. Despite the opportunity to work with kittens and puppies (along with all other animals) there will always be a person attached to that animal that you will need to communicate with to give the pets and animals the best care possible.\\n3-4. Consider getting further education.\\nSome vets even go so far as to get their PhDs. If you'd like to lead the field in research, this is a great idea. Having a PhD will have the added benefit of potentially giving you a massive bump in your salary!\\nThe Bureau of Labor Statistics says that the need for vets is going to increase in the near future. Since there are so few schools, the output to trained veterinarians generated isn't much, which means you stand a good chance of steady employment once you finish school.\\nTips\\nIn addition to their breadth of knowledge, veterinarians must also have strong communication skills, as the job entails working with both animals and their owners or trainers.\\nThere are many great sources of additional information for helping you become a veterinarian. For further reading, consider visiting websites for the American Veterinarian Medical Association (AVMA), American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), or your state's veterinary medical association.\\nWarnings\\nClinical practice, especially with livestock, can be dangerous and physically demanding. In rural areas, jobs will also include emergency on-call duties on weekends, evenings, holiday, and overnight in addition to a full day’s work.\\nThe coursework required for veterinary college will be very heavy. It will be hard to manage a job in addition to your schooling, especially during the first year. So plan your finances accordingly.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Do you want to become a veterinarian? Being a vet isn’t about playing with animals all day, but instead is a challenging but fulfilling career path that gives you the experience and ability to help all sorts of animals!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing to Get Into Veterinary College\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Gain experience in the veterinary field.\", \"描述\": \"Preparing for a career as a veterinarian begins long before even graduating from high school. You will want to gain as much experience with animals and in the veterinary field as possible during high school and your undergraduate career. This experience will expose you to what veterinarians actually do, and will give you veterinary experience to put on your resume for veterinary school.\\nIn the United States there are 30 colleges of veterinary medicine which graduate about 3,000 veterinarians a year.\\nYou could volunteer at your local animal shelter, or you could shadow your pet's veterinarian. Working at a livestock farm can also help you gain valuable animal experience.\\nMost colleges of veterinary medicine require a minimum of 400 hours of animal related experience\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Graduate from high school.\", \"描述\": \"While in high school, you should pay attention to your performance in science courses, such as Chemistry, Biology, and Physics. Also pay attention to math courses, such as Trigonometry, Geometry, and Algebra. If you can excel in these areas, it may be a good indicator that medicine is the right field for you.\\nIf possible, take AP classes. Also, excelling in English class will help, as veterinarians need to be good at communicating to other people.\\nIf you do not have a high school diploma, you can try to pass the GED exam, and earn a GED instead. Passing the GED exam might seem like a good idea, but many veterinary colleges prefer that you have completed high school. However, if you excel in undergraduate school, you will at least be a competitive applicant.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a bachelors degree.\", \"描述\": \"You will need to attend an undergraduate college or university which offers the pre-requisite courses for admittance into veterinary college. Make sure to complete all prerequisite courses for veterinary school. If one school's prerequisites vary from some of the others, make sure to take the prerequisite courses for all of these schools.\\nThese courses consist of many advanced science courses, such as biochemistry, organic and inorganic chemistry, and physics. They are necessary to prepare the student for the vigorous coursework in veterinary college.\\nKeep in mind, required to get into veterinary schools, nor is there any \\\"preferred\\\" degrees so no need to take a STEM degree. However, if you still want to go with Biology, Physics, Chemistry, at least you will be a fierce applicant which is good because colleges like to see students try to push themselves to the limit.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider an accelerated path to veterinary school.\", \"描述\": \"This may save considerable time and money. According to the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), more than 10% of recent incoming vet school students did not earn a bachelor's degree. These students may have earned an associate's degree in a field like animal science, or earned no degree in college while completing the prerequisite courses for veterinary school.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take the GRE (graduate record examination).\", \"描述\": \"You will most likely need to take the GRE towards the end of your college studies. These tests are standardized tests which graduate and professional schools use in deciding admission to their colleges.\\nOdds are that the veterinary school of your choice wants your GRE scores. However, some schools accept the MCAT as well.\\nThe GRE is mainly a test to see if you're ready to study at a higher level (and to weed out those that aren't serious).\\nThe scores you need will vary by school.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Work hard on your application to veterinary school.\", \"描述\": \"Getting into veterinary school is very hard. There are far fewer veterinary schools than medical schools. So, you need to make your application stand out! Making your application stand out is not hard! First, you will need to get lots of veterinary experience and animal experience.\\nVeterinary experience only qualifies as work done under a veterinarian.\\nAs for recommendation letters, you'll probably need three: one from your academic adviser, one from a veterinarian, and one from an individual choice. If you can choose to waive the right to see your letters before they are submitted, do so. It shows that you trust your superiors' opinions of you, and the admissions panel will know that the person writing about you was honest.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Prepare for the financial strain of veterinary school.\", \"描述\": \"Just like with most colleges, veterinary college is expensive. In the US the average tuition each year for in-state students is $22,500. For out of state students it is $46,000. The average veterinary student graduates with $135,000 of debt.\\nSalaries starting out in the veterinary field are much lower than those of other equivalent professions, such as dentists or physicians. In the US the average starting salary is around $67,000 a year but this varies widely.\\nThere are only a few options to help with loan repayment. These include two government sponsored loan forgiveness programs. These programs are competitive and mainly for people serving as veterinarians in the livestock or food and public health fields.\\nStates without veterinary colleges often have agreements with a neighboring state to have their residents be granted in-state tuition.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Veterinarian\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete veterinary school.\", \"描述\": \"The professional veterinary college program typically lasts for four years before the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) degree is earned. Two accredited schools in the US, Ross University and St. Matthew's University, have a trimester schedule, which allows students to graduate in just over three years. The coursework involved in veterinary school includes anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology, along with specific veterinary courses in surgery and medicine.\\nDuring the first two years, you will focus on a breadth of subjects in science in order to build the basic framework for your education. During your third and fourth years, you will focus on clinical studies, working directly with animals, and participating in externships and/or research projects. You may also consider doing an internship or residency program while working toward your degree. This will teach you practical skills from professionals in the field, and improve your employment prospects in the future.\\nThere are only 30 accredited veterinary schools in the US, making the program quite competitive. Tuition will vary dramatically depending on the institution you choose.\\nConsider doing an internship or residency program while working toward your degree. This will teach you practical skills from professionals in the field, and improve your employment prospects in the future.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pass your licensing exam.\", \"描述\": \"At the end of the fourth year of study veterinary students in North America will take the North American Veterinary Licensing Exam. This test is required in order for you to obtain a license to practice veterinary medicine.\\nIn addition, each state board of veterinary medicine may impose additional testing requirements to obtaining a license to practice in the state. You will need to pass these examination with a minimum score in order to be licensed to practice.\\nIn order to be eligible for enrollment, you must have completed a four year veterinary program that is accredited by the Council on Education of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA).\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Consider interning for one year prior to finding a permanent position.\", \"描述\": \"This will offer you the chance to have a specialization, like internal medicine or surgery. That way you'll really be a pro in your chosen area of expertise.\\nYour vet school should be able to point you in the right direction. This one-year period could be just a temporary gig or it could turn into something more substantial. Whatever it is, find someone who can serve as your mentor that's doing what you want to do in the future.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Being a Veterinarian\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start your job search.\", \"描述\": \"Most veterinary students begin their job search during their final half of the fourth year of college. Most veterinarians work in private veterinary clinics that provide medical care for small, companion pets. Other veterinarians specialize in working with large animals, like horses, cows, and sheep, traveling to ranches and farms to provide care.\\nStill other veterinarians specialize in treating exotic animals in zoos or aquariums.\\nVeterinarians can also find employment in the military (a good option to pay for college expenses), the government, or in research.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take the veterinarian's oath.\", \"描述\": \"Before you start working and caring for animals, you need to take the veterinarian's oath. You're basically promising that you'll use your powers for good and not evil.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be able to communicate with both animals and people.\", \"描述\": \"In order to succeed in this job, you must be compassionate, confident, and able to communicate and make decisions. Despite the opportunity to work with kittens and puppies (along with all other animals) there will always be a person attached to that animal that you will need to communicate with to give the pets and animals the best care possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider getting further education.\", \"描述\": \"Some vets even go so far as to get their PhDs. If you'd like to lead the field in research, this is a great idea. Having a PhD will have the added benefit of potentially giving you a massive bump in your salary!\\nThe Bureau of Labor Statistics says that the need for vets is going to increase in the near future. Since there are so few schools, the output to trained veterinarians generated isn't much, which means you stand a good chance of steady employment once you finish school.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"In addition to their breadth of knowledge, veterinarians must also have strong communication skills, as the job entails working with both animals and their owners or trainers.\\n\", \"There are many great sources of additional information for helping you become a veterinarian. For further reading, consider visiting websites for the American Veterinarian Medical Association (AVMA), American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges (AAVMC), or your state's veterinary medical association.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Clinical practice, especially with livestock, can be dangerous and physically demanding. In rural areas, jobs will also include emergency on-call duties on weekends, evenings, holiday, and overnight in addition to a full day’s work.\\n\", \"The coursework required for veterinary college will be very heavy. It will be hard to manage a job in addition to your schooling, especially during the first year. So plan your finances accordingly.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,862 |
How to Become a Vicar
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1. Committing to Your Calling Early On
1-1. Learn about the demands of a vicar.
Becoming a vicar is not a decision you should make lightly. The path to becoming a vicar is long, and the job itself is extremely demanding. Those who decide to become vicars have strong faith, and see the job as more of a calling than a vocational path. Spend some time learning about the demands of the career to decide if it's right for you.
Vicars are the backbone of any parish. As a vicar, you are responsible for many ceremonial duties such as marriages, funerals, communal worships, and christenings. If you have a large parish, this can be a very demanding job.
Your job is not just ceremonial. As a vicar, you must help your parish navigate their spiritual paths. You must provide one-on-one guidance to members of your church, advising them on how to live Christ-like lives and carry out God's work. People rely on you to assure them passage into heaven, so your job is quite serious.
While the job can be incredibly taxing, it can also be rewarding. If you have strong religious faith, and feel a personal calling from God, becoming a vicar may be the right career for you.
1-2. Consider if the benefits and salary work for you.
You should take some practical considerations into account. How much you make depends on your denomination and the length of time you've been working. Some vicars are paid on a stipend that ranges from $600 to $2,000 a month, but you may also be provided lodging by your parish. Benefits in terms of things like health insurance range by church. Other vicars are paid a regular salary. Most vicars do not become greatly wealthy, so make sure you're prepared to get by with less as a vicar.
1-3. Get involved with your local church.
Start early if you want to become a vicar. You'll want to be heavily involved in your church so you'll know the ins and outs of the church's ceremonies, values, and customs. You'll also learn the Bible more significantly, and be exposed to different teaching and interpretations of the Gospels and other religious doctrine.
Obviously, you should attend church regularly. Go to any weekly communal worships and pay close attention during the session.
You should also develop a one-on-one relationships with the leaders of your church. Talk to priests and other vicars about your desire to become a religious leader. Ask them for advice and guidance.
If your church has a vestry, consider joining. Being an active vestry member can help you build the skills necessary to succeed as a vicar.
1-4. Study the Bible.
An in-depth knowledge of the Bible and its teachings is necessary if you want to be a vicar. Spend time reading the Bible each day, join a local Bible study club, and ask priests and religious leaders to recommend supplementary texts written by renown Biblical scholars. You want to be able to understand the text of the Bible and its application in the world.
It can help to take a religious studies course. If you are in high school or college, see if there are any religious studies courses offered by your school. You can also look into enrolling in or auditing a religious studies class at a community college or four year college in your area.
1-5. Spend time alone in prayer or meditation.
You want to foster a one-on-one relationship with God if you want to become a vicar. This means spending time alone in prayer or meditation. You want to make sure you feel as close to God as possible going into the vicar career path.
Close yourself off daily for personal prayer and meditation. This should become a necessary part of your day, as important as showering and brushing your teeth.
How you pray and meditate depends on your church and personal preferences. If you're unsure on how to get started, talk to a religious leader in your local church. Ask him or her for advice on how to pray and mediate when alone.
2. Gaining the Necessary Skills and Training
2-1. Volunteer with organizations focused on helping others.
To become a vicar, you need excellent interpersonal communication skills. You'll want to spend time working with your community. Volunteer work that involves helping others and bettering your local town or city is an excellent way to gain the skills necessary to becoming a vicar.
You can always volunteer at your church, and this may be the best place to start if you want to be a religious leader. Talk to your priest about volunteer opportunities at your church, particularly those working with others. You may even be able to go on faith-based volunteer trips with your church, helping communities across the world or country.
You can also look for local religious organizations, that fall within the values of your denomination, and volunteer here.
In addition to church-based volunteer work, strive to work with any organization with a focus on community outreach. You could volunteer at a local nursing home, work with an organization like Little Brothers/Big Sisters, or outreach programs that provide food to impoverished families.
2-2. Gain public speaking experience.
As a vicar, public speaking will be a vital part of your job. You will have to give weekly sermons and speak at events like weddings and funerals. Look into ways to gain public speaking experience as you move along your path to becoming a vicar.
Ask your priest if there are any public speaking opportunities within your church. Your priest may, for example, allow you to give a lecture or brief sermon on special occasions.
If you're still in high school, join the debate club. This will provide you with invaluable public speaking experience.
You can also attend open mic nights if you're a creative type. If you, say, write poetry, you may be able to read your poetry at various events. This can help you hone your public speaking skills.
2-3. Contact a local vicar to discuss your calling.
Once you're ready to move forward with more official studies, contact your local vicar or Bishop. Which religious figure you ask depends on your church, so make sure you review your church's specific rules regarding vicar training. Talk to him or her about your desire to become a vicar, and your commitment to the church. If your vicar believes you're ready, he or she will help you start on the path to officially becoming a vicar.
Make sure to prepare before speaking to the vicar. You want to make it clear that you're sincere in your intent and your commitment is strong. Review the Bible and spend some time thinking about how to articulate your beliefs about God, community, and religious duty.
When you talk to your bishop or vicar, mention any experience you have. Talk about past volunteer work with the church, and the relationships you've fostered in your current religious community. You want to make sure the bishop think that you're ready to start on the official path to become a vicar.
2-4. Interview with an advisory panel about your goals.
If your local vicar thinks you have what it takes to become a vicar, you will go through a round of interviews with an advisory panel from the church. For around three days, you will be interviewed various times about your career plans, beliefs, and commitment to the church.
You may also have written work to complete during these interviews, as well as activities to engage in before the panel.
You can prepare by studying your Bible, reviewing your beliefs and goals, and talking to your local priest and parish.
2-5. Attend a theological college.
Once you have been approved by an advisory committee, you will attend a four year theological college. At a theological college, you will study the works of the Bible in depth so you'll be fully equipped to guide members of your parish on their spiritual journeys.
Your church may select a seminary for you, or offer a recommendation. If you have to decide on a seminary on your own, think about what you want in a community. Make sure any seminary you choose is rooted in the right denomination for your goals. If you want to become a vicar, you want a school that is committed to the Bible and scripture. You'll want to avoid secular colleges when obtaining a theological degree to become a vicar.
The duration of your studies varies depending on your current knowledge of the Bible, and any previous theological training you've had. In general, training lasts two to three years. As your job is to be a spiritual guide for your parish, you'll need an incredibly detailed and informed view of the Bible, its history, and its teachings. Your studies will be long and, at times, difficult, but try to stay committed and keep your faith strong.
2-6. Commit to a four year period as a curate.
After you complete your theological studies, you'll need to become a curate. A curate is a lower position in the church's hierarchy, and you'll do some work like conducing funerals and giving some sermons. This is sort of like a practice/apprenticeship to becoming a vicar.
During this period, you will be supervised by a priest. During your first year, you will primarily conduct funerals and baptisms while learning more about the church's workings.
During your second year, you will begin to take on more duties. You will be promoted to the position of priesthood, allowing you to perform marriages.
By the end of the four years, you should be familiar with a wide variety of duties of the parish. At this point, you can begin to apply to various parishes to become a vicar.
2-7. Apply to a parish to become a vicar.
The application process varies by denomination and church. You usually apply to the head of a local branch or division of your church, after which you will be assigned a parish based on your specific skills and qualifications. You may not have a lot of choice in where you are assigned to serve, so be prepared to move if necessary.
3. Continuing Your Career
3-1. Perform all expected duties.
Once you are assigned a parish, you can begin fulfilling your duties as a vicar. A vicar is not a job confined to Sunday services. Your duties will be diverse, and you may have little downtime some weeks.
You will be responsible for a variety of ceremonies such as weddings, funerals, baptisms, and so on. This involves talking to families to make sure such ceremonies are conducted with respect and regard for everyone's wishes, so make sure to listen to the requests of your parish.
You also have certain administrative tasks you must do. You must keep track of church's bank accounts, fundraising campaigns, and run church meetings.
3-2. Be available to your ministry at all times.
As a vicar, people rely on you to guide them in their own spiritual journey. This is an incredibly important task that you need to take seriously. Be available for your parish as much as you can, offering support and guidance to those suffering from crises or spiritual doubt.
You may have to make house calls for elderly or housebound members of your parish.
You will have to be open to one-on-one discussions with members of your parish in need of personal guidance. You may also have to guide young church members who want to become vicars themselves someday.
3-3. Get comfortable speaking in public.
As a vicar, public speaking will be part of your job. You'll be asked to hold morning prayer meetings and other services for your church. Try to get comfortable speaking in front of a group of people and work on keeping your voice clear and audible.
It will get easier with time to speak publicly. As you'll be conducting multiple services a week, you'll find yourself gaining confidence as time goes by.
Make sure you work on enunciation. You can record yourself speaking and play it back to yourself. Listen for words you commonly fumble over and mispronounce.
3-4. Stay involved with your local community.
As a vicar, community outreach will be a key part of your job. In addition to working with your own church, you'll frequently have to work with local hospitals, other churches, and community centers. Make sure you're willing to work weeknights and weekends if you're needed outside your church. Remain and open an accessible member of your community throughout your time as a vicar.
3-5. Keep your faith strong through daily prayer.
The job of a vicar can be taxing. You'll be dealing with people going through a host of personal struggles. Keep daily prayer, as well as meditation, a part of your regular routine. This will help you maintain a solid relationship with God, keeping your faith strong for the long hall.
Tips
In the Catholic Church, only the Pope is called the Vicar of Christ.
Check regulations on requirements to become a vicar in your church. In some churches, women cannot become vicars.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:02",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Committing to Your Calling Early On\\n1-1. Learn about the demands of a vicar.\\nBecoming a vicar is not a decision you should make lightly. The path to becoming a vicar is long, and the job itself is extremely demanding. Those who decide to become vicars have strong faith, and see the job as more of a calling than a vocational path. Spend some time learning about the demands of the career to decide if it's right for you.\\nVicars are the backbone of any parish. As a vicar, you are responsible for many ceremonial duties such as marriages, funerals, communal worships, and christenings. If you have a large parish, this can be a very demanding job.\\nYour job is not just ceremonial. As a vicar, you must help your parish navigate their spiritual paths. You must provide one-on-one guidance to members of your church, advising them on how to live Christ-like lives and carry out God's work. People rely on you to assure them passage into heaven, so your job is quite serious.\\nWhile the job can be incredibly taxing, it can also be rewarding. If you have strong religious faith, and feel a personal calling from God, becoming a vicar may be the right career for you.\\n1-2. Consider if the benefits and salary work for you.\\nYou should take some practical considerations into account. How much you make depends on your denomination and the length of time you've been working. Some vicars are paid on a stipend that ranges from $600 to $2,000 a month, but you may also be provided lodging by your parish. Benefits in terms of things like health insurance range by church. Other vicars are paid a regular salary. Most vicars do not become greatly wealthy, so make sure you're prepared to get by with less as a vicar.\\n1-3. Get involved with your local church.\\nStart early if you want to become a vicar. You'll want to be heavily involved in your church so you'll know the ins and outs of the church's ceremonies, values, and customs. You'll also learn the Bible more significantly, and be exposed to different teaching and interpretations of the Gospels and other religious doctrine.\\nObviously, you should attend church regularly. Go to any weekly communal worships and pay close attention during the session.\\nYou should also develop a one-on-one relationships with the leaders of your church. Talk to priests and other vicars about your desire to become a religious leader. Ask them for advice and guidance.\\nIf your church has a vestry, consider joining. Being an active vestry member can help you build the skills necessary to succeed as a vicar.\\n1-4. Study the Bible.\\nAn in-depth knowledge of the Bible and its teachings is necessary if you want to be a vicar. Spend time reading the Bible each day, join a local Bible study club, and ask priests and religious leaders to recommend supplementary texts written by renown Biblical scholars. You want to be able to understand the text of the Bible and its application in the world.\\nIt can help to take a religious studies course. If you are in high school or college, see if there are any religious studies courses offered by your school. You can also look into enrolling in or auditing a religious studies class at a community college or four year college in your area.\\n1-5. Spend time alone in prayer or meditation.\\nYou want to foster a one-on-one relationship with God if you want to become a vicar. This means spending time alone in prayer or meditation. You want to make sure you feel as close to God as possible going into the vicar career path.\\nClose yourself off daily for personal prayer and meditation. This should become a necessary part of your day, as important as showering and brushing your teeth.\\nHow you pray and meditate depends on your church and personal preferences. If you're unsure on how to get started, talk to a religious leader in your local church. Ask him or her for advice on how to pray and mediate when alone.\\n2. Gaining the Necessary Skills and Training\\n2-1. Volunteer with organizations focused on helping others.\\nTo become a vicar, you need excellent interpersonal communication skills. You'll want to spend time working with your community. Volunteer work that involves helping others and bettering your local town or city is an excellent way to gain the skills necessary to becoming a vicar.\\nYou can always volunteer at your church, and this may be the best place to start if you want to be a religious leader. Talk to your priest about volunteer opportunities at your church, particularly those working with others. You may even be able to go on faith-based volunteer trips with your church, helping communities across the world or country.\\nYou can also look for local religious organizations, that fall within the values of your denomination, and volunteer here.\\nIn addition to church-based volunteer work, strive to work with any organization with a focus on community outreach. You could volunteer at a local nursing home, work with an organization like Little Brothers/Big Sisters, or outreach programs that provide food to impoverished families.\\n2-2. Gain public speaking experience.\\nAs a vicar, public speaking will be a vital part of your job. You will have to give weekly sermons and speak at events like weddings and funerals. Look into ways to gain public speaking experience as you move along your path to becoming a vicar.\\nAsk your priest if there are any public speaking opportunities within your church. Your priest may, for example, allow you to give a lecture or brief sermon on special occasions.\\nIf you're still in high school, join the debate club. This will provide you with invaluable public speaking experience.\\nYou can also attend open mic nights if you're a creative type. If you, say, write poetry, you may be able to read your poetry at various events. This can help you hone your public speaking skills.\\n2-3. Contact a local vicar to discuss your calling.\\nOnce you're ready to move forward with more official studies, contact your local vicar or Bishop. Which religious figure you ask depends on your church, so make sure you review your church's specific rules regarding vicar training. Talk to him or her about your desire to become a vicar, and your commitment to the church. If your vicar believes you're ready, he or she will help you start on the path to officially becoming a vicar.\\nMake sure to prepare before speaking to the vicar. You want to make it clear that you're sincere in your intent and your commitment is strong. Review the Bible and spend some time thinking about how to articulate your beliefs about God, community, and religious duty.\\nWhen you talk to your bishop or vicar, mention any experience you have. Talk about past volunteer work with the church, and the relationships you've fostered in your current religious community. You want to make sure the bishop think that you're ready to start on the official path to become a vicar.\\n2-4. Interview with an advisory panel about your goals.\\nIf your local vicar thinks you have what it takes to become a vicar, you will go through a round of interviews with an advisory panel from the church. For around three days, you will be interviewed various times about your career plans, beliefs, and commitment to the church.\\nYou may also have written work to complete during these interviews, as well as activities to engage in before the panel.\\nYou can prepare by studying your Bible, reviewing your beliefs and goals, and talking to your local priest and parish.\\n2-5. Attend a theological college.\\nOnce you have been approved by an advisory committee, you will attend a four year theological college. At a theological college, you will study the works of the Bible in depth so you'll be fully equipped to guide members of your parish on their spiritual journeys.\\nYour church may select a seminary for you, or offer a recommendation. If you have to decide on a seminary on your own, think about what you want in a community. Make sure any seminary you choose is rooted in the right denomination for your goals. If you want to become a vicar, you want a school that is committed to the Bible and scripture. You'll want to avoid secular colleges when obtaining a theological degree to become a vicar.\\nThe duration of your studies varies depending on your current knowledge of the Bible, and any previous theological training you've had. In general, training lasts two to three years. As your job is to be a spiritual guide for your parish, you'll need an incredibly detailed and informed view of the Bible, its history, and its teachings. Your studies will be long and, at times, difficult, but try to stay committed and keep your faith strong.\\n2-6. Commit to a four year period as a curate.\\nAfter you complete your theological studies, you'll need to become a curate. A curate is a lower position in the church's hierarchy, and you'll do some work like conducing funerals and giving some sermons. This is sort of like a practice/apprenticeship to becoming a vicar.\\nDuring this period, you will be supervised by a priest. During your first year, you will primarily conduct funerals and baptisms while learning more about the church's workings.\\nDuring your second year, you will begin to take on more duties. You will be promoted to the position of priesthood, allowing you to perform marriages.\\nBy the end of the four years, you should be familiar with a wide variety of duties of the parish. At this point, you can begin to apply to various parishes to become a vicar.\\n2-7. Apply to a parish to become a vicar.\\nThe application process varies by denomination and church. You usually apply to the head of a local branch or division of your church, after which you will be assigned a parish based on your specific skills and qualifications. You may not have a lot of choice in where you are assigned to serve, so be prepared to move if necessary.\\n3. Continuing Your Career\\n3-1. Perform all expected duties.\\nOnce you are assigned a parish, you can begin fulfilling your duties as a vicar. A vicar is not a job confined to Sunday services. Your duties will be diverse, and you may have little downtime some weeks.\\nYou will be responsible for a variety of ceremonies such as weddings, funerals, baptisms, and so on. This involves talking to families to make sure such ceremonies are conducted with respect and regard for everyone's wishes, so make sure to listen to the requests of your parish.\\nYou also have certain administrative tasks you must do. You must keep track of church's bank accounts, fundraising campaigns, and run church meetings.\\n3-2. Be available to your ministry at all times.\\nAs a vicar, people rely on you to guide them in their own spiritual journey. This is an incredibly important task that you need to take seriously. Be available for your parish as much as you can, offering support and guidance to those suffering from crises or spiritual doubt.\\nYou may have to make house calls for elderly or housebound members of your parish.\\nYou will have to be open to one-on-one discussions with members of your parish in need of personal guidance. You may also have to guide young church members who want to become vicars themselves someday.\\n3-3. Get comfortable speaking in public.\\nAs a vicar, public speaking will be part of your job. You'll be asked to hold morning prayer meetings and other services for your church. Try to get comfortable speaking in front of a group of people and work on keeping your voice clear and audible.\\nIt will get easier with time to speak publicly. As you'll be conducting multiple services a week, you'll find yourself gaining confidence as time goes by.\\nMake sure you work on enunciation. You can record yourself speaking and play it back to yourself. Listen for words you commonly fumble over and mispronounce.\\n3-4. Stay involved with your local community.\\nAs a vicar, community outreach will be a key part of your job. In addition to working with your own church, you'll frequently have to work with local hospitals, other churches, and community centers. Make sure you're willing to work weeknights and weekends if you're needed outside your church. Remain and open an accessible member of your community throughout your time as a vicar.\\n3-5. Keep your faith strong through daily prayer.\\nThe job of a vicar can be taxing. You'll be dealing with people going through a host of personal struggles. Keep daily prayer, as well as meditation, a part of your regular routine. This will help you maintain a solid relationship with God, keeping your faith strong for the long hall.\\nTips\\nIn the Catholic Church, only the Pope is called the Vicar of Christ.\\nCheck regulations on requirements to become a vicar in your church. In some churches, women cannot become vicars.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A vicar is a parish's representative of a particular church, and is charged with leading all church duties for his parish. If you want to become a vicar, you'll need to go through an extensive assessment to determine whether you're the right fit for the calling. This will be followed by a long training period. Becoming a vicar can be a very rewarding process, but it is also extremely demanding. If you want to become a vicar, commit to your calling early on. Spend time getting invested in your current church, studying the Bible, and dedicating time to prayer and meditation. Such things will set you apart from the group, and result in your local vicar taking you seriously as a candidate.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Committing to Your Calling Early On\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn about the demands of a vicar.\", \"描述\": \"Becoming a vicar is not a decision you should make lightly. The path to becoming a vicar is long, and the job itself is extremely demanding. Those who decide to become vicars have strong faith, and see the job as more of a calling than a vocational path. Spend some time learning about the demands of the career to decide if it's right for you.\\nVicars are the backbone of any parish. As a vicar, you are responsible for many ceremonial duties such as marriages, funerals, communal worships, and christenings. If you have a large parish, this can be a very demanding job.\\nYour job is not just ceremonial. As a vicar, you must help your parish navigate their spiritual paths. You must provide one-on-one guidance to members of your church, advising them on how to live Christ-like lives and carry out God's work. People rely on you to assure them passage into heaven, so your job is quite serious.\\nWhile the job can be incredibly taxing, it can also be rewarding. If you have strong religious faith, and feel a personal calling from God, becoming a vicar may be the right career for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider if the benefits and salary work for you.\", \"描述\": \"You should take some practical considerations into account. How much you make depends on your denomination and the length of time you've been working. Some vicars are paid on a stipend that ranges from $600 to $2,000 a month, but you may also be provided lodging by your parish. Benefits in terms of things like health insurance range by church. Other vicars are paid a regular salary. Most vicars do not become greatly wealthy, so make sure you're prepared to get by with less as a vicar.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get involved with your local church.\", \"描述\": \"Start early if you want to become a vicar. You'll want to be heavily involved in your church so you'll know the ins and outs of the church's ceremonies, values, and customs. You'll also learn the Bible more significantly, and be exposed to different teaching and interpretations of the Gospels and other religious doctrine.\\nObviously, you should attend church regularly. Go to any weekly communal worships and pay close attention during the session.\\nYou should also develop a one-on-one relationships with the leaders of your church. Talk to priests and other vicars about your desire to become a religious leader. Ask them for advice and guidance.\\nIf your church has a vestry, consider joining. Being an active vestry member can help you build the skills necessary to succeed as a vicar.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Study the Bible.\", \"描述\": \"An in-depth knowledge of the Bible and its teachings is necessary if you want to be a vicar. Spend time reading the Bible each day, join a local Bible study club, and ask priests and religious leaders to recommend supplementary texts written by renown Biblical scholars. You want to be able to understand the text of the Bible and its application in the world.\\nIt can help to take a religious studies course. If you are in high school or college, see if there are any religious studies courses offered by your school. You can also look into enrolling in or auditing a religious studies class at a community college or four year college in your area.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Spend time alone in prayer or meditation.\", \"描述\": \"You want to foster a one-on-one relationship with God if you want to become a vicar. This means spending time alone in prayer or meditation. You want to make sure you feel as close to God as possible going into the vicar career path.\\nClose yourself off daily for personal prayer and meditation. This should become a necessary part of your day, as important as showering and brushing your teeth.\\nHow you pray and meditate depends on your church and personal preferences. If you're unsure on how to get started, talk to a religious leader in your local church. Ask him or her for advice on how to pray and mediate when alone.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Gaining the Necessary Skills and Training\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Volunteer with organizations focused on helping others.\", \"描述\": \"To become a vicar, you need excellent interpersonal communication skills. You'll want to spend time working with your community. Volunteer work that involves helping others and bettering your local town or city is an excellent way to gain the skills necessary to becoming a vicar.\\nYou can always volunteer at your church, and this may be the best place to start if you want to be a religious leader. Talk to your priest about volunteer opportunities at your church, particularly those working with others. You may even be able to go on faith-based volunteer trips with your church, helping communities across the world or country.\\nYou can also look for local religious organizations, that fall within the values of your denomination, and volunteer here.\\nIn addition to church-based volunteer work, strive to work with any organization with a focus on community outreach. You could volunteer at a local nursing home, work with an organization like Little Brothers/Big Sisters, or outreach programs that provide food to impoverished families.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Gain public speaking experience.\", \"描述\": \"As a vicar, public speaking will be a vital part of your job. You will have to give weekly sermons and speak at events like weddings and funerals. Look into ways to gain public speaking experience as you move along your path to becoming a vicar.\\nAsk your priest if there are any public speaking opportunities within your church. Your priest may, for example, allow you to give a lecture or brief sermon on special occasions.\\nIf you're still in high school, join the debate club. This will provide you with invaluable public speaking experience.\\nYou can also attend open mic nights if you're a creative type. If you, say, write poetry, you may be able to read your poetry at various events. This can help you hone your public speaking skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Contact a local vicar to discuss your calling.\", \"描述\": \"Once you're ready to move forward with more official studies, contact your local vicar or Bishop. Which religious figure you ask depends on your church, so make sure you review your church's specific rules regarding vicar training. Talk to him or her about your desire to become a vicar, and your commitment to the church. If your vicar believes you're ready, he or she will help you start on the path to officially becoming a vicar.\\nMake sure to prepare before speaking to the vicar. You want to make it clear that you're sincere in your intent and your commitment is strong. Review the Bible and spend some time thinking about how to articulate your beliefs about God, community, and religious duty.\\nWhen you talk to your bishop or vicar, mention any experience you have. Talk about past volunteer work with the church, and the relationships you've fostered in your current religious community. You want to make sure the bishop think that you're ready to start on the official path to become a vicar.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Interview with an advisory panel about your goals.\", \"描述\": \"If your local vicar thinks you have what it takes to become a vicar, you will go through a round of interviews with an advisory panel from the church. For around three days, you will be interviewed various times about your career plans, beliefs, and commitment to the church.\\nYou may also have written work to complete during these interviews, as well as activities to engage in before the panel.\\nYou can prepare by studying your Bible, reviewing your beliefs and goals, and talking to your local priest and parish.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Attend a theological college.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have been approved by an advisory committee, you will attend a four year theological college. At a theological college, you will study the works of the Bible in depth so you'll be fully equipped to guide members of your parish on their spiritual journeys.\\nYour church may select a seminary for you, or offer a recommendation. If you have to decide on a seminary on your own, think about what you want in a community. Make sure any seminary you choose is rooted in the right denomination for your goals. If you want to become a vicar, you want a school that is committed to the Bible and scripture. You'll want to avoid secular colleges when obtaining a theological degree to become a vicar.\\nThe duration of your studies varies depending on your current knowledge of the Bible, and any previous theological training you've had. In general, training lasts two to three years. As your job is to be a spiritual guide for your parish, you'll need an incredibly detailed and informed view of the Bible, its history, and its teachings. Your studies will be long and, at times, difficult, but try to stay committed and keep your faith strong.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Commit to a four year period as a curate.\", \"描述\": \"After you complete your theological studies, you'll need to become a curate. A curate is a lower position in the church's hierarchy, and you'll do some work like conducing funerals and giving some sermons. This is sort of like a practice/apprenticeship to becoming a vicar.\\nDuring this period, you will be supervised by a priest. During your first year, you will primarily conduct funerals and baptisms while learning more about the church's workings.\\nDuring your second year, you will begin to take on more duties. You will be promoted to the position of priesthood, allowing you to perform marriages.\\nBy the end of the four years, you should be familiar with a wide variety of duties of the parish. At this point, you can begin to apply to various parishes to become a vicar.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Apply to a parish to become a vicar.\", \"描述\": \"The application process varies by denomination and church. You usually apply to the head of a local branch or division of your church, after which you will be assigned a parish based on your specific skills and qualifications. You may not have a lot of choice in where you are assigned to serve, so be prepared to move if necessary.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Continuing Your Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Perform all expected duties.\", \"描述\": \"Once you are assigned a parish, you can begin fulfilling your duties as a vicar. A vicar is not a job confined to Sunday services. Your duties will be diverse, and you may have little downtime some weeks.\\nYou will be responsible for a variety of ceremonies such as weddings, funerals, baptisms, and so on. This involves talking to families to make sure such ceremonies are conducted with respect and regard for everyone's wishes, so make sure to listen to the requests of your parish.\\nYou also have certain administrative tasks you must do. You must keep track of church's bank accounts, fundraising campaigns, and run church meetings.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be available to your ministry at all times.\", \"描述\": \"As a vicar, people rely on you to guide them in their own spiritual journey. This is an incredibly important task that you need to take seriously. Be available for your parish as much as you can, offering support and guidance to those suffering from crises or spiritual doubt.\\nYou may have to make house calls for elderly or housebound members of your parish.\\nYou will have to be open to one-on-one discussions with members of your parish in need of personal guidance. You may also have to guide young church members who want to become vicars themselves someday.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get comfortable speaking in public.\", \"描述\": \"As a vicar, public speaking will be part of your job. You'll be asked to hold morning prayer meetings and other services for your church. Try to get comfortable speaking in front of a group of people and work on keeping your voice clear and audible.\\nIt will get easier with time to speak publicly. As you'll be conducting multiple services a week, you'll find yourself gaining confidence as time goes by.\\nMake sure you work on enunciation. You can record yourself speaking and play it back to yourself. Listen for words you commonly fumble over and mispronounce.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stay involved with your local community.\", \"描述\": \"As a vicar, community outreach will be a key part of your job. In addition to working with your own church, you'll frequently have to work with local hospitals, other churches, and community centers. Make sure you're willing to work weeknights and weekends if you're needed outside your church. Remain and open an accessible member of your community throughout your time as a vicar.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Keep your faith strong through daily prayer.\", \"描述\": \"The job of a vicar can be taxing. You'll be dealing with people going through a host of personal struggles. Keep daily prayer, as well as meditation, a part of your regular routine. This will help you maintain a solid relationship with God, keeping your faith strong for the long hall.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"In the Catholic Church, only the Pope is called the Vicar of Christ.\\n\", \"Check regulations on requirements to become a vicar in your church. In some churches, women cannot become vicars.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,863 |
How to Become a Video Editor
|
1. Teaching Yourself Basic Editing Skills
1-1. Teach yourself video editing programs to build your skills.
Some programs you need to be familiar with include Final Cut Pro, Media Composer, and Premiere Pro. Software can be a pricey investment, but you will likely use these programs for years, and it will be difficult to get a job in the industry without a solid understanding of each. You can learn how to use video editing software in college classes or by using online resources provided by Apple, Avid, and Adobe.
Other video editing programs include iMovie, Filmora9, DaVinci Resolve. Although they are less commonly used in professional film editing, being familiar with them can't hurt.
Keep an eye out for new technology and software you may need to familiarize yourself with.
1-2. Use online tutorials to get the most out of editing software.
Apple, Avid, and Adobe all put out materials that can help you learn their programs on your own. There are also materials available from third parties, hobbyists, and professionals. Watch how-to videos, read tutorials, and do practice projects.
Try searching for footage for practice editing online. You don't need to shoot your own video to practice editing.
1-3. Practice cutting films on your own.
Shoot film with whatever you have on hand, it doesn't have to be a high quality image to get practice. A phone, camcorder, or DSLR will all work to capture some video. Work on taking whatever you capture on camera and cutting it into a story.
The more practice you can get, the better.
Consider adding in sound effects and music. Although this isn't traditionally a film editor's job, you will probably get your start with smaller organizations who will be happy if you can handle sound as well as video.
1-4. Look for internship opportunities to get experience in the industry.
Many non-profits and small companies need help editing videos but can't pay established editors. Volunteer your skills to get some experience and add a few projects to your resume.
Having a few projects on your resume will help get you more video editing jobs.
2. Getting a Formal Education
2-1. Get a bachelor's degree in film production or communications.
There are a lot of different skills you need to be a successful video editor. Majoring in film production, communications, or a related area will train you in many of those skills.
In addition to learning how to use different editing software, you need to know how to talk about the artistic vision for the film with the director, discuss expectations, make decisions about keeping and cutting clips, and create stories.
2-2. Take courses in editing software, film history or appreciation, and production.
Your most important skill set as an editor will be knowledge of different editing programs. However, you will need to know about other areas of film production and how editing fits in. Since editing also shapes the story of a film, you will need to understand how storytelling in film works.
The more you can learn about film, the better. Take courses to help you understand acting, directing, sound and the flow of narrative.
2-3. Look for online courses if attending film school isn't for you.
Film school can be expensive and inaccessible. Luckily, there are a wealth of resources available online, including online film degrees. Look into distance learning options if attending school won't work for you.
If you don't want to do a bachelor's degree online, you can still find courses, tutorials, and projects to boost your knowledge online.
2-4. Edit a student film for practice.
Even if you don't need to edit a film for any of your classes, look for an opportunity to do some editing work. Make connections with other film students and offer to edit for them.
The more practice you can get, the better.
2-5. Pursue a Master's degree in film production to increase your opportunities.
Although it isn't necessary to get a Master's to have a career in film editing, it can give you an advantage. You can make lots of connections and work on personal projects for around 2 years.
You may have to have a reel or portfolio in order to get into a graduate program.
3. Taking on Editing Jobs
3-1. Keep an updated reel of your recent projects.
In the film industry, your reel matters more than your resume, since it shows off your skills and lets the producer know exactly what you can do. To create a reel, choose 60-90 seconds worth of film that shows off your editing skills. Each clip should be no longer than 15 seconds. Put your contact information at the beginning and end of the video, and in the video description.
Start with your strongest work. Not everyone will finish watching your demo reel, so you want to capture the attention right away with your first clip.
Editors starting out in the industry usually put their reels on YouTube and Vimeo.
Share examples of different styles or creative directions you can take.
3-2. Look for production assistant jobs when you are getting started.
Film editors often start out as production assistants (PAs). As a PA, you will do odd jobs and support tasks for different departments on set. Since you will work for every department, you can get to know lots of different people. Try to make connections with editors.
A PA job can include paperwork, cleaning up, setting up craft services, answering the phone, and getting coffee.
You may need to work long or odd hours as a PA. Employment usually lasts as long as production lasts. A typical PA job might last around 3-4 months.
3-3. Network with established video editors.
Making connections in the industry and building trust can be just as important as having a strong reel and resume. Make connections with video editors by introducing yourself to editors working on set with you, meeting with local creatives, and asking people you know to help make introductions.
Don't be afraid to ask for an introduction if you know someone who knows a video editor.
3-4. Offer to do editing work for low-budget projects.
There are a lot of directors and producers also trying to get their start in the film industry who have exciting projects but don't have much of a budget. Offer your services for a low fee to gain experience.
Cutting music videos, trailers, or short films is a good way to add projects to your reel.
3-5. Build up to an assistant editor position.
Once you have a few projects under your belt, you can start looking for assistant editor jobs. As an assistant editor, you will prepare clips for the editor to work with. This most often means watching many hours of footage and selecting the clips that match the editor's vision for the project. You will also be asked to organize and label clips according to the editor's system.
To have a better shot at getting an assistant editor job, get certified in using Avid or Premiere Pro.
3-6. Go for an editor job after you have several years of experience.
After working as an assistant editor for several years, making good connections in the industry, and proving your talents on multiple projects, you can be hired as an editor for a big project. Being a hired as a film editor is a sign of trust from the producer and director, since the edit of a film can make a huge difference in the story.
Have patience while you looking for your first editor job.
Tips
Hollywood and New York are 2 places that come to mind when people think of film jobs, but film production is expanding to other areas of the United States right now. Keep an eye out for jobs in up-and-coming filming locations.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:02",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Teaching Yourself Basic Editing Skills\\n1-1. Teach yourself video editing programs to build your skills.\\nSome programs you need to be familiar with include Final Cut Pro, Media Composer, and Premiere Pro. Software can be a pricey investment, but you will likely use these programs for years, and it will be difficult to get a job in the industry without a solid understanding of each. You can learn how to use video editing software in college classes or by using online resources provided by Apple, Avid, and Adobe.\\nOther video editing programs include iMovie, Filmora9, DaVinci Resolve. Although they are less commonly used in professional film editing, being familiar with them can't hurt.\\nKeep an eye out for new technology and software you may need to familiarize yourself with.\\n1-2. Use online tutorials to get the most out of editing software.\\nApple, Avid, and Adobe all put out materials that can help you learn their programs on your own. There are also materials available from third parties, hobbyists, and professionals. Watch how-to videos, read tutorials, and do practice projects.\\nTry searching for footage for practice editing online. You don't need to shoot your own video to practice editing.\\n1-3. Practice cutting films on your own.\\nShoot film with whatever you have on hand, it doesn't have to be a high quality image to get practice. A phone, camcorder, or DSLR will all work to capture some video. Work on taking whatever you capture on camera and cutting it into a story.\\nThe more practice you can get, the better.\\nConsider adding in sound effects and music. Although this isn't traditionally a film editor's job, you will probably get your start with smaller organizations who will be happy if you can handle sound as well as video.\\n1-4. Look for internship opportunities to get experience in the industry.\\nMany non-profits and small companies need help editing videos but can't pay established editors. Volunteer your skills to get some experience and add a few projects to your resume.\\nHaving a few projects on your resume will help get you more video editing jobs.\\n2. Getting a Formal Education\\n2-1. Get a bachelor's degree in film production or communications.\\nThere are a lot of different skills you need to be a successful video editor. Majoring in film production, communications, or a related area will train you in many of those skills.\\nIn addition to learning how to use different editing software, you need to know how to talk about the artistic vision for the film with the director, discuss expectations, make decisions about keeping and cutting clips, and create stories.\\n2-2. Take courses in editing software, film history or appreciation, and production.\\nYour most important skill set as an editor will be knowledge of different editing programs. However, you will need to know about other areas of film production and how editing fits in. Since editing also shapes the story of a film, you will need to understand how storytelling in film works.\\nThe more you can learn about film, the better. Take courses to help you understand acting, directing, sound and the flow of narrative.\\n2-3. Look for online courses if attending film school isn't for you.\\nFilm school can be expensive and inaccessible. Luckily, there are a wealth of resources available online, including online film degrees. Look into distance learning options if attending school won't work for you.\\nIf you don't want to do a bachelor's degree online, you can still find courses, tutorials, and projects to boost your knowledge online.\\n2-4. Edit a student film for practice.\\nEven if you don't need to edit a film for any of your classes, look for an opportunity to do some editing work. Make connections with other film students and offer to edit for them.\\nThe more practice you can get, the better.\\n2-5. Pursue a Master's degree in film production to increase your opportunities.\\nAlthough it isn't necessary to get a Master's to have a career in film editing, it can give you an advantage. You can make lots of connections and work on personal projects for around 2 years.\\nYou may have to have a reel or portfolio in order to get into a graduate program.\\n3. Taking on Editing Jobs\\n3-1. Keep an updated reel of your recent projects.\\nIn the film industry, your reel matters more than your resume, since it shows off your skills and lets the producer know exactly what you can do. To create a reel, choose 60-90 seconds worth of film that shows off your editing skills. Each clip should be no longer than 15 seconds. Put your contact information at the beginning and end of the video, and in the video description.\\nStart with your strongest work. Not everyone will finish watching your demo reel, so you want to capture the attention right away with your first clip.\\nEditors starting out in the industry usually put their reels on YouTube and Vimeo.\\nShare examples of different styles or creative directions you can take.\\n3-2. Look for production assistant jobs when you are getting started.\\nFilm editors often start out as production assistants (PAs). As a PA, you will do odd jobs and support tasks for different departments on set. Since you will work for every department, you can get to know lots of different people. Try to make connections with editors.\\nA PA job can include paperwork, cleaning up, setting up craft services, answering the phone, and getting coffee.\\nYou may need to work long or odd hours as a PA. Employment usually lasts as long as production lasts. A typical PA job might last around 3-4 months.\\n3-3. Network with established video editors.\\nMaking connections in the industry and building trust can be just as important as having a strong reel and resume. Make connections with video editors by introducing yourself to editors working on set with you, meeting with local creatives, and asking people you know to help make introductions.\\nDon't be afraid to ask for an introduction if you know someone who knows a video editor.\\n3-4. Offer to do editing work for low-budget projects.\\nThere are a lot of directors and producers also trying to get their start in the film industry who have exciting projects but don't have much of a budget. Offer your services for a low fee to gain experience.\\nCutting music videos, trailers, or short films is a good way to add projects to your reel.\\n3-5. Build up to an assistant editor position.\\nOnce you have a few projects under your belt, you can start looking for assistant editor jobs. As an assistant editor, you will prepare clips for the editor to work with. This most often means watching many hours of footage and selecting the clips that match the editor's vision for the project. You will also be asked to organize and label clips according to the editor's system.\\nTo have a better shot at getting an assistant editor job, get certified in using Avid or Premiere Pro.\\n3-6. Go for an editor job after you have several years of experience.\\nAfter working as an assistant editor for several years, making good connections in the industry, and proving your talents on multiple projects, you can be hired as an editor for a big project. Being a hired as a film editor is a sign of trust from the producer and director, since the edit of a film can make a huge difference in the story.\\nHave patience while you looking for your first editor job.\\nTips\\nHollywood and New York are 2 places that come to mind when people think of film jobs, but film production is expanding to other areas of the United States right now. Keep an eye out for jobs in up-and-coming filming locations.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Editors take the raw footage of a video and cut it into clips that tell a story. As a video editor, you might work on a film set, or you might work on a reality show, music video, trailer, or commercial. You can go to school for film production to become an editor, or you can be self-taught. Either way, you will probably need to start out on smaller projects, do internships, and work as a production assistant before getting an editing job. With some patience, experience, and a killer reel of projects, you can become a video editing master!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Teaching Yourself Basic Editing Skills\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Teach yourself video editing programs to build your skills.\", \"描述\": \"Some programs you need to be familiar with include Final Cut Pro, Media Composer, and Premiere Pro. Software can be a pricey investment, but you will likely use these programs for years, and it will be difficult to get a job in the industry without a solid understanding of each. You can learn how to use video editing software in college classes or by using online resources provided by Apple, Avid, and Adobe.\\nOther video editing programs include iMovie, Filmora9, DaVinci Resolve. Although they are less commonly used in professional film editing, being familiar with them can't hurt.\\nKeep an eye out for new technology and software you may need to familiarize yourself with.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use online tutorials to get the most out of editing software.\", \"描述\": \"Apple, Avid, and Adobe all put out materials that can help you learn their programs on your own. There are also materials available from third parties, hobbyists, and professionals. Watch how-to videos, read tutorials, and do practice projects.\\nTry searching for footage for practice editing online. You don't need to shoot your own video to practice editing.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice cutting films on your own.\", \"描述\": \"Shoot film with whatever you have on hand, it doesn't have to be a high quality image to get practice. A phone, camcorder, or DSLR will all work to capture some video. Work on taking whatever you capture on camera and cutting it into a story.\\nThe more practice you can get, the better.\\nConsider adding in sound effects and music. Although this isn't traditionally a film editor's job, you will probably get your start with smaller organizations who will be happy if you can handle sound as well as video.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Look for internship opportunities to get experience in the industry.\", \"描述\": \"Many non-profits and small companies need help editing videos but can't pay established editors. Volunteer your skills to get some experience and add a few projects to your resume.\\nHaving a few projects on your resume will help get you more video editing jobs.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting a Formal Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a bachelor's degree in film production or communications.\", \"描述\": \"There are a lot of different skills you need to be a successful video editor. Majoring in film production, communications, or a related area will train you in many of those skills.\\nIn addition to learning how to use different editing software, you need to know how to talk about the artistic vision for the film with the director, discuss expectations, make decisions about keeping and cutting clips, and create stories.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take courses in editing software, film history or appreciation, and production.\", \"描述\": \"Your most important skill set as an editor will be knowledge of different editing programs. However, you will need to know about other areas of film production and how editing fits in. Since editing also shapes the story of a film, you will need to understand how storytelling in film works.\\nThe more you can learn about film, the better. Take courses to help you understand acting, directing, sound and the flow of narrative.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for online courses if attending film school isn't for you.\", \"描述\": \"Film school can be expensive and inaccessible. Luckily, there are a wealth of resources available online, including online film degrees. Look into distance learning options if attending school won't work for you.\\nIf you don't want to do a bachelor's degree online, you can still find courses, tutorials, and projects to boost your knowledge online.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Edit a student film for practice.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you don't need to edit a film for any of your classes, look for an opportunity to do some editing work. Make connections with other film students and offer to edit for them.\\nThe more practice you can get, the better.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Pursue a Master's degree in film production to increase your opportunities.\", \"描述\": \"Although it isn't necessary to get a Master's to have a career in film editing, it can give you an advantage. You can make lots of connections and work on personal projects for around 2 years.\\nYou may have to have a reel or portfolio in order to get into a graduate program.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Taking on Editing Jobs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep an updated reel of your recent projects.\", \"描述\": \"In the film industry, your reel matters more than your resume, since it shows off your skills and lets the producer know exactly what you can do. To create a reel, choose 60-90 seconds worth of film that shows off your editing skills. Each clip should be no longer than 15 seconds. Put your contact information at the beginning and end of the video, and in the video description.\\nStart with your strongest work. Not everyone will finish watching your demo reel, so you want to capture the attention right away with your first clip.\\nEditors starting out in the industry usually put their reels on YouTube and Vimeo.\\nShare examples of different styles or creative directions you can take.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look for production assistant jobs when you are getting started.\", \"描述\": \"Film editors often start out as production assistants (PAs). As a PA, you will do odd jobs and support tasks for different departments on set. Since you will work for every department, you can get to know lots of different people. Try to make connections with editors.\\nA PA job can include paperwork, cleaning up, setting up craft services, answering the phone, and getting coffee.\\nYou may need to work long or odd hours as a PA. Employment usually lasts as long as production lasts. A typical PA job might last around 3-4 months.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Network with established video editors.\", \"描述\": \"Making connections in the industry and building trust can be just as important as having a strong reel and resume. Make connections with video editors by introducing yourself to editors working on set with you, meeting with local creatives, and asking people you know to help make introductions.\\nDon't be afraid to ask for an introduction if you know someone who knows a video editor.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Offer to do editing work for low-budget projects.\", \"描述\": \"There are a lot of directors and producers also trying to get their start in the film industry who have exciting projects but don't have much of a budget. Offer your services for a low fee to gain experience.\\nCutting music videos, trailers, or short films is a good way to add projects to your reel.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Build up to an assistant editor position.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have a few projects under your belt, you can start looking for assistant editor jobs. As an assistant editor, you will prepare clips for the editor to work with. This most often means watching many hours of footage and selecting the clips that match the editor's vision for the project. You will also be asked to organize and label clips according to the editor's system.\\nTo have a better shot at getting an assistant editor job, get certified in using Avid or Premiere Pro.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Go for an editor job after you have several years of experience.\", \"描述\": \"After working as an assistant editor for several years, making good connections in the industry, and proving your talents on multiple projects, you can be hired as an editor for a big project. Being a hired as a film editor is a sign of trust from the producer and director, since the edit of a film can make a huge difference in the story.\\nHave patience while you looking for your first editor job.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Hollywood and New York are 2 places that come to mind when people think of film jobs, but film production is expanding to other areas of the United States right now. Keep an eye out for jobs in up-and-coming filming locations.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,864 |
How to Become a Vigilante
|
1. Understanding the Mindset
1-1. Realize you cannot be easily intimidated.
You're going to be facing society's lowest who possibly could have been living off stealing, rape and murder to the point where it's justified to them. Stay cool, you need to be convinced mentally that you are superior to them in every way possible, but be ready to back it up physically.
1-2. Be vigilant.
Clue is in the name: you need to be on your guard, knowing where crime is likely to happen, the likely verdicts of a crime and most importantly, to make sure you don't chase down a person who just started a play fight with their friend.
1-3. Know your area.
Chances are, if you start chasing someone who's just pulled a crime on another, they may try to vacate the area if they're not stupid enough to try and stand and defend themselves. When this happens, you need to know all the possible routes the could take and where you can head them off and where you can keep at them without losing them.
1-4. Don't break the law.
At least, not too much. You're trying to be better than the criminal, that means you should deal with them in a rational manner. If you catch up to them, don't start beating them to a bloody pulp, deal enough to let them know that they didn't get away with breaking the law, and they can expect the same if they try again.
1-5. Be realistic.
Vigilantes don't work like in movies. Simply watching a marathon of Batman, V For Vendetta, etc movies isn't going to prepare you for real life scenarios. In movies, the skills and abilities of such characters are greatly exaggerated. Once you confront a criminal, the only difference between you and him is mindset and physical ability. Chances are, you can get hurt, possibly killed if you try and follow your favourite fictional superhero's footsteps.
2. Being Equipped
2-1. Choose your weapon.
Simply hunting bad guys with your two fists isn't going to get you far if your target pulls out a knife or gun on you. Make sure to keep it exclusively non-lethal, yet concealable. Civilian tasers are a natural choice, if not available, telescopic batons are also very practical and effective. Your options are not limited to these two of course, but keep in mind your weapon's requirements.
Also keep in mind you cannot take any form of firearm of sharp weapons; you aren`t Frank Castle but more like Daredevil as he doesn`t kill his opponents. Blunt but light objects like a staff that can become a baton are ideal as they cover long range and close range combat.
2-2. Train yourself.
You need to be at your physical peak, jog, sprint, take up martial arts, as much as you can cram into your system. It'll mean the difference between life and death during a confrontation.
2-3. Have an item of clothing to preserve anonymity.
Chances are, the person you just saved would be questioned by the police about your appearance. Masks are rather conspicuous, apparel like hoodies and brimmed hats are as effective as they are discardable.
2-4. Recruit members.
Your close friends may feel the same way about the adequacy of authority and be willing to fight crime alongside you. The more members you have, the better it is, but make sure you are all well co-ordinated and they accept the leader's authority.
Tips
Crimes are much more likely to occur at night.
Relax a little, being on the streets searching for crime can make you a little edgy, being paranoid and pulling out your weapon at the wrong time could end you in a sticky situation.
Avoid areas with a majority of other people, as well as the fact major crimes don't tend to happen here (although you may catch the odd pickpocket) someone could interfere or call the police, making the situation harder for you to control.
Warnings
There's a difference between being a vigilante and playing hero. Ask yourself if you really want to do justice or just want to be thanked.
Criminals could pull weapons of their own on you. If you are not prepared for this, then you could end up severely injured or killed.
This guide does not take responsibility for (but not limited to) injury or death of you or those around you. Ultimately, being a vigilante is your choice and yours alone, this guide is simply a basis of information.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:02",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Understanding the Mindset\\n1-1. Realize you cannot be easily intimidated.\\nYou're going to be facing society's lowest who possibly could have been living off stealing, rape and murder to the point where it's justified to them. Stay cool, you need to be convinced mentally that you are superior to them in every way possible, but be ready to back it up physically.\\n1-2. Be vigilant.\\nClue is in the name: you need to be on your guard, knowing where crime is likely to happen, the likely verdicts of a crime and most importantly, to make sure you don't chase down a person who just started a play fight with their friend.\\n1-3. Know your area.\\nChances are, if you start chasing someone who's just pulled a crime on another, they may try to vacate the area if they're not stupid enough to try and stand and defend themselves. When this happens, you need to know all the possible routes the could take and where you can head them off and where you can keep at them without losing them.\\n1-4. Don't break the law.\\nAt least, not too much. You're trying to be better than the criminal, that means you should deal with them in a rational manner. If you catch up to them, don't start beating them to a bloody pulp, deal enough to let them know that they didn't get away with breaking the law, and they can expect the same if they try again.\\n1-5. Be realistic.\\nVigilantes don't work like in movies. Simply watching a marathon of Batman, V For Vendetta, etc movies isn't going to prepare you for real life scenarios. In movies, the skills and abilities of such characters are greatly exaggerated. Once you confront a criminal, the only difference between you and him is mindset and physical ability. Chances are, you can get hurt, possibly killed if you try and follow your favourite fictional superhero's footsteps.\\n2. Being Equipped\\n2-1. Choose your weapon.\\nSimply hunting bad guys with your two fists isn't going to get you far if your target pulls out a knife or gun on you. Make sure to keep it exclusively non-lethal, yet concealable. Civilian tasers are a natural choice, if not available, telescopic batons are also very practical and effective. Your options are not limited to these two of course, but keep in mind your weapon's requirements.\\nAlso keep in mind you cannot take any form of firearm of sharp weapons; you aren`t Frank Castle but more like Daredevil as he doesn`t kill his opponents. Blunt but light objects like a staff that can become a baton are ideal as they cover long range and close range combat.\\n2-2. Train yourself.\\nYou need to be at your physical peak, jog, sprint, take up martial arts, as much as you can cram into your system. It'll mean the difference between life and death during a confrontation.\\n2-3. Have an item of clothing to preserve anonymity.\\nChances are, the person you just saved would be questioned by the police about your appearance. Masks are rather conspicuous, apparel like hoodies and brimmed hats are as effective as they are discardable.\\n2-4. Recruit members.\\nYour close friends may feel the same way about the adequacy of authority and be willing to fight crime alongside you. The more members you have, the better it is, but make sure you are all well co-ordinated and they accept the leader's authority.\\nTips\\nCrimes are much more likely to occur at night.\\nRelax a little, being on the streets searching for crime can make you a little edgy, being paranoid and pulling out your weapon at the wrong time could end you in a sticky situation.\\nAvoid areas with a majority of other people, as well as the fact major crimes don't tend to happen here (although you may catch the odd pickpocket) someone could interfere or call the police, making the situation harder for you to control.\\nWarnings\\nThere's a difference between being a vigilante and playing hero. Ask yourself if you really want to do justice or just want to be thanked.\\nCriminals could pull weapons of their own on you. If you are not prepared for this, then you could end up severely injured or killed.\\nThis guide does not take responsibility for (but not limited to) injury or death of you or those around you. Ultimately, being a vigilante is your choice and yours alone, this guide is simply a basis of information.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Authority is never perfect at keeping civilians safe from crime; sometimes its up to the civilians themselves to take arms and protect each other. Engaging in vigilante justice is not to be taken lightly; chances are, as a vigilante, you'll end up breaking the law yourself. But if you're just curious about what it takes to be a vigilante, start from step 1 below to learn more.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understanding the Mindset\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Realize you cannot be easily intimidated.\", \"描述\": \"You're going to be facing society's lowest who possibly could have been living off stealing, rape and murder to the point where it's justified to them. Stay cool, you need to be convinced mentally that you are superior to them in every way possible, but be ready to back it up physically.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be vigilant.\", \"描述\": \"Clue is in the name: you need to be on your guard, knowing where crime is likely to happen, the likely verdicts of a crime and most importantly, to make sure you don't chase down a person who just started a play fight with their friend.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know your area.\", \"描述\": \"Chances are, if you start chasing someone who's just pulled a crime on another, they may try to vacate the area if they're not stupid enough to try and stand and defend themselves. When this happens, you need to know all the possible routes the could take and where you can head them off and where you can keep at them without losing them.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don't break the law.\", \"描述\": \"At least, not too much. You're trying to be better than the criminal, that means you should deal with them in a rational manner. If you catch up to them, don't start beating them to a bloody pulp, deal enough to let them know that they didn't get away with breaking the law, and they can expect the same if they try again.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be realistic.\", \"描述\": \"Vigilantes don't work like in movies. Simply watching a marathon of Batman, V For Vendetta, etc movies isn't going to prepare you for real life scenarios. In movies, the skills and abilities of such characters are greatly exaggerated. Once you confront a criminal, the only difference between you and him is mindset and physical ability. Chances are, you can get hurt, possibly killed if you try and follow your favourite fictional superhero's footsteps.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Being Equipped\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose your weapon.\", \"描述\": \"Simply hunting bad guys with your two fists isn't going to get you far if your target pulls out a knife or gun on you. Make sure to keep it exclusively non-lethal, yet concealable. Civilian tasers are a natural choice, if not available, telescopic batons are also very practical and effective. Your options are not limited to these two of course, but keep in mind your weapon's requirements.\\nAlso keep in mind you cannot take any form of firearm of sharp weapons; you aren`t Frank Castle but more like Daredevil as he doesn`t kill his opponents. Blunt but light objects like a staff that can become a baton are ideal as they cover long range and close range combat.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Train yourself.\", \"描述\": \"You need to be at your physical peak, jog, sprint, take up martial arts, as much as you can cram into your system. It'll mean the difference between life and death during a confrontation.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Have an item of clothing to preserve anonymity.\", \"描述\": \"Chances are, the person you just saved would be questioned by the police about your appearance. Masks are rather conspicuous, apparel like hoodies and brimmed hats are as effective as they are discardable.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Recruit members.\", \"描述\": \"Your close friends may feel the same way about the adequacy of authority and be willing to fight crime alongside you. The more members you have, the better it is, but make sure you are all well co-ordinated and they accept the leader's authority.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Crimes are much more likely to occur at night.\\n\", \"Relax a little, being on the streets searching for crime can make you a little edgy, being paranoid and pulling out your weapon at the wrong time could end you in a sticky situation.\\n\", \"Avoid areas with a majority of other people, as well as the fact major crimes don't tend to happen here (although you may catch the odd pickpocket) someone could interfere or call the police, making the situation harder for you to control.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"There's a difference between being a vigilante and playing hero. Ask yourself if you really want to do justice or just want to be thanked.\\n\", \"Criminals could pull weapons of their own on you. If you are not prepared for this, then you could end up severely injured or killed.\\n\", \"This guide does not take responsibility for (but not limited to) injury or death of you or those around you. Ultimately, being a vigilante is your choice and yours alone, this guide is simply a basis of information.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,865 |
How to Start Working as a Virtual Assistant from Home (or Anywhere)
|
1. What is a virtual assistant?
Virtual assistants do administrative work for entrepreneurs or businesses.
Generally, you’ll be doing basic office work, such as emailing clients or scheduling meetings. Since this is a remote job, you can do it over your computer from anywhere. As a virtual assistant, you’ll likely be a freelancer or contract worker, which means you’re essentially self-employed.
As a virtual assistant, you have the power to choose what types of services you want to offer. That way, you’re always playing to your strengths.
You don’t need any experience to become a virtual assistant, but you’ll have more success if you beef up your administrative skills.
2. Job Tasks
2-1. Maintain schedules
An entrepreneur might hire you to schedule meetings or manage their calendar. Similarly, you might create employee schedules or manage company events.
Your client will tell you which scheduling software to use. It’s a good idea to familiarize yourself with popular programs like Microsoft Teams and Google Calendar.
2-2. Respond to emails
Since entrepreneurs are so busy, they often need someone to help manage their own client lists. As a virtual assistant, you might be the person checking their email, responding to customers, and sending requested documents. It’s a simple task, but it’ll free up your client to focus on bigger business tasks.
2-3. Research
Virtual assistants do several different types of research, depending on what the business needs. Talk to your clients about what type of research you’re about to do when you’re offering your services. Here’s a breakdown of what you could offer:
Finding more information about the industry or recent developments.
Learning about new products or finding the right product for your client.
Learning more about the client’s customer base or finding potential customer leads on sites like LinkedIn.
Finding more information about the current market and potential gaps in it. This might include compiling data about the market.
2-4. Prepare and manage documents
Virtual assistants can help with common office tasks like completing forms or putting together packets for a meeting. Your client may prefer to pass their paperwork to you so they don’t waste precious work hours on administrative tasks.
If you’re in charge of your client’s paperwork, you may also be organizing and maintaining their files—virtually, of course. This could include managing a Google Drive or a Microsoft Teams account.
2-5. Content creation and marketing
Many businesses are recognizing the benefits of content marketing. Helpful blog posts and eye-catching videos can draw more customers to your client’s website or social media. As a virtual assistant, you could be in charge of creating content like:
Blog posts
Pictures of your client and their product or services
Images related to the industry
Videos depicting your client or something related to the industry
2-6. Billing and invoicing
Your client might need help managing their finances. You could prepare client invoices and send out bills for services. Additionally, your client may hire you to do basic bookkeeping.
If you plan to do bookkeeping, you might learn QuickBooks Pro, which is a popular accounting software.
2-7. Data entry
If you love spreadsheets, you’re in luck! Most businesses manage data, and that’s something a virtual assistant can easily handle. Your client might hire you to fill out spreadsheets with things like sales data, product inventory, or customer information. Additionally, you might transcribe meeting minutes or combine multiple spreadsheets into one.
New to data entry? It’s easy to learn data entry by practicing with an Excel spreadsheet or Google Sheets.
2-8. Customer support
Customers are the bread and butter of a business. If they aren’t happy, they’re not going to keep coming back. As a virtual assistant, it might be your job to answer client calls and emails and resolve any issues they might be having.
2-9. Manage social media or a website
Most businesses promote themselves online, and they need someone to post regularly. A good virtual assistant can create and schedule posts to keep the business accounts active. You might also interact with customers.
Maintaining your own website and social media accounts will help you get the skills you need to help your clients.
2-10. Transcription
Virtual assistants often transcribe business meetings so there's documentation of what was said. Your transcription will also make it easier for people to check the meeting minutes without having go through the entire recording.
Going to do transcription? Learn how to transcribe faster.
3. 8 Steps to Becoming a Virtual Assistant
3-1. Inventory your skills.
You definitely have some skills that would make you a great virtual assistant, you just need to figure out what they are. That way, you can determine what skills you need to polish up a bit more and what services you can offer right away. Ask yourself:
What computer programs do I know how to use? (Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Drive)
What skills have I mastered at school? (Email, writing essays, research)
What tasks have I done at my job or while volunteering? (Customer service, maintaining a schedule)
What are my hobbies? (Writing, taking photos, making videos)
3-2. Take online classes to build your skillset.
Chances are, there are some services you’d like to offer but you aren’t quite ready to do. Or, maybe you know how to do something but just want to feel more credentialed. Complete a few online classes to bulk up your resume. Here are some sites to try:
EdX
Skillshare
Khan Academy
3-3. Decide what services you want to offer.
Think about what you’re good at doing, and what you enjoy doing. Then, make a list of all of the services you feel confident offering your clients. Here’s an example of what your list might look like:
Email management
Social media management and marketing
Scheduling
Content marketing for websites
Video production and editing
Market, product, and customer research
Billing and invoicing
3-4. Create a website and social media accounts to market yourself.
Clients need a way to find you, and you need a place to advertise your skills. Plus, an online presence makes you look professional and in-demand. Make your own website for free and list your services, include a price chart, and provide examples of your work. Then, create a professional profile on LinkedIn, Facebook, and Twitter.
Create a career portfolio to include on your website.
3-5. Set your prices.
As a freelancer, you get to decide how much money you make. To cover taxes, you might set your rates for 25% more than what you hope to earn per hour. You could also do a pricing menu, like this one:
I charge $18 hourly rate for any task.
I charge $25 per blog post, $10 per document, and $50 for scheduling a week of social media posts.
I charge $250 a week to manage an email account and $500 biweekly for billing and invoicing.
I charge $1250 per month for unlimited services.
3-6. Post on job sites to look for clients.
As a virtual assistant, you’ll need to build our own client base. Fortunately, there are a ton of sites that help match virtual assistants to clients who need your services. Create an account on these websites, then make a post advertising your skills. Here are some great sites for getting work as a virtual assistant:
Upwork
Boldly
Thumbtack
Toptal
Fancy Hands
3-7. Call local businesses to offer your services.
Cold calling is a great way to attract new clients. Start by making a list of small businesses in your area. Then, call them one-by-one to ask if they need your services. To seal the deal, explain how you could help them save money or improve productivity by taking over some of their office tasks.
“I’m a virtual assistant who manages your email, social media accounts, and billing. For an hourly rate, I’ll take care of your admin tasks so you can spend more time on what’s important. My clients typically see an increase in productivity, thanks to my help.”
3-8. Create a contract if you’re working as a freelancer.
You don’t need a super complicated contract to do freelance work. However, it’s a good idea to protect yourself by putting what you’re going to do in writing. Make a simple contract that includes the services you’re going to complete and how much you’ll be paid, as well as when.
You can use free sample contracts as a starting point, such as these.
4. Skills Needed
4-1. Time-management
As a virtual assistant, you’ll be in charge of your own schedule. You’ll be able to take on more clients and make more money if you have good time management skills.
Make a schedule for yourself.
Stick to a daily routine.
Don’t multitask.
Take breaks to clear your head.
4-2. Organization skills
Your clients will expect you to be organized and be efficient. Start by removing clutter from your workspace and finding a spot for everything. Then, organize your computer files so you can easily find everything. Additionally, keep a daily planner so you can organize your tasks.
Prioritize the most important tasks you need to do.
4-3. Basic tech skills
As a virtual assistant, you’ll likely use email, spreadsheets, and a word processor. You may also use other programs, like Microsoft Teams or Wordpress. You definitely don’t need to be a tech expert, but it helps to be a bit tech savvy.
Take a few computer classes on a site like Skillshare to beef up your skills. Skillshare offers a 7-day free trial, but you’ll be charged a membership fee after it ends.
4-4. Communication skills
You’ll be communicating with other professionals both verbally and in writing. To have good communication skills, practice holding a conversation with a friend or stranger you met in public. If you want to improve your writing skills take an online class to learn how to better communicate.
Edx.org offers free classes, like Business Communications - The Basics and Effective Business Writing.
4-5. Research skills
Conducting research is really easy, and you’ve probably already done it before. For the most part, you’ll be doing business research online and compiling what you find.
Want to take a deep dive into research skills? Take this free EdX course on Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Beginners.
You might also like this free class about Market Research.
4-6. Customer service skills
Many businesses need help keeping their customers happy. Build client relationships by listening to what they have to say and helping them the best you can. Additionally, pay attention to their feedback and try to change how you handle customer problems if something isn’t working.
On EdX, you can take free classes on Customer Experience Innovation and Customer Relationship Management.
4-7. Special skills
While you don’t need any special skills, you’ll probably get more clients if you can do more advanced tasks. Some virtual assistants do web design, do graphic design, or make videos. Wanna learn a special skill? Check out these free and low cost classes:
Web Design
Graphic Design
Video for Content Creators
5. Average Salary
On average, administrative assistants make about $19.08 an hour.
You can make about the same amount working virtually. Keep in mind that you’ll be able to set your own rates depending on what you do for your clients.
Most virtual assistants make between $16.00 and $28.00 an hour.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:03",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. What is a virtual assistant?\\nVirtual assistants do administrative work for entrepreneurs or businesses.\\nGenerally, you’ll be doing basic office work, such as emailing clients or scheduling meetings. Since this is a remote job, you can do it over your computer from anywhere. As a virtual assistant, you’ll likely be a freelancer or contract worker, which means you’re essentially self-employed.\\nAs a virtual assistant, you have the power to choose what types of services you want to offer. That way, you’re always playing to your strengths.\\nYou don’t need any experience to become a virtual assistant, but you’ll have more success if you beef up your administrative skills.\\n2. Job Tasks\\n2-1. Maintain schedules\\nAn entrepreneur might hire you to schedule meetings or manage their calendar. Similarly, you might create employee schedules or manage company events.\\nYour client will tell you which scheduling software to use. It’s a good idea to familiarize yourself with popular programs like Microsoft Teams and Google Calendar.\\n2-2. Respond to emails\\nSince entrepreneurs are so busy, they often need someone to help manage their own client lists. As a virtual assistant, you might be the person checking their email, responding to customers, and sending requested documents. It’s a simple task, but it’ll free up your client to focus on bigger business tasks.\\n2-3. Research\\nVirtual assistants do several different types of research, depending on what the business needs. Talk to your clients about what type of research you’re about to do when you’re offering your services. Here’s a breakdown of what you could offer:\\n\\n Finding more information about the industry or recent developments.\\n Learning about new products or finding the right product for your client.\\n Learning more about the client’s customer base or finding potential customer leads on sites like LinkedIn.\\n Finding more information about the current market and potential gaps in it. This might include compiling data about the market.\\n2-4. Prepare and manage documents\\nVirtual assistants can help with common office tasks like completing forms or putting together packets for a meeting. Your client may prefer to pass their paperwork to you so they don’t waste precious work hours on administrative tasks.\\nIf you’re in charge of your client’s paperwork, you may also be organizing and maintaining their files—virtually, of course. This could include managing a Google Drive or a Microsoft Teams account.\\n2-5. Content creation and marketing\\nMany businesses are recognizing the benefits of content marketing. Helpful blog posts and eye-catching videos can draw more customers to your client’s website or social media. As a virtual assistant, you could be in charge of creating content like:\\nBlog posts\\nPictures of your client and their product or services\\nImages related to the industry\\nVideos depicting your client or something related to the industry\\n2-6. Billing and invoicing\\nYour client might need help managing their finances. You could prepare client invoices and send out bills for services. Additionally, your client may hire you to do basic bookkeeping.\\nIf you plan to do bookkeeping, you might learn QuickBooks Pro, which is a popular accounting software.\\n2-7. Data entry\\nIf you love spreadsheets, you’re in luck! Most businesses manage data, and that’s something a virtual assistant can easily handle. Your client might hire you to fill out spreadsheets with things like sales data, product inventory, or customer information. Additionally, you might transcribe meeting minutes or combine multiple spreadsheets into one.\\nNew to data entry? It’s easy to learn data entry by practicing with an Excel spreadsheet or Google Sheets.\\n2-8. Customer support\\nCustomers are the bread and butter of a business. If they aren’t happy, they’re not going to keep coming back. As a virtual assistant, it might be your job to answer client calls and emails and resolve any issues they might be having.\\n2-9. Manage social media or a website\\nMost businesses promote themselves online, and they need someone to post regularly. A good virtual assistant can create and schedule posts to keep the business accounts active. You might also interact with customers.\\nMaintaining your own website and social media accounts will help you get the skills you need to help your clients.\\n2-10. Transcription\\nVirtual assistants often transcribe business meetings so there's documentation of what was said. Your transcription will also make it easier for people to check the meeting minutes without having go through the entire recording.\\nGoing to do transcription? Learn how to transcribe faster.\\n3. 8 Steps to Becoming a Virtual Assistant\\n3-1. Inventory your skills.\\nYou definitely have some skills that would make you a great virtual assistant, you just need to figure out what they are. That way, you can determine what skills you need to polish up a bit more and what services you can offer right away. Ask yourself:\\nWhat computer programs do I know how to use? (Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Drive)\\nWhat skills have I mastered at school? (Email, writing essays, research)\\nWhat tasks have I done at my job or while volunteering? (Customer service, maintaining a schedule)\\nWhat are my hobbies? (Writing, taking photos, making videos)\\n3-2. Take online classes to build your skillset.\\nChances are, there are some services you’d like to offer but you aren’t quite ready to do. Or, maybe you know how to do something but just want to feel more credentialed. Complete a few online classes to bulk up your resume. Here are some sites to try:\\nEdX\\nSkillshare\\nKhan Academy\\n3-3. Decide what services you want to offer.\\nThink about what you’re good at doing, and what you enjoy doing. Then, make a list of all of the services you feel confident offering your clients. Here’s an example of what your list might look like:\\nEmail management\\nSocial media management and marketing\\nScheduling\\nContent marketing for websites\\nVideo production and editing\\nMarket, product, and customer research\\nBilling and invoicing\\n3-4. Create a website and social media accounts to market yourself.\\nClients need a way to find you, and you need a place to advertise your skills. Plus, an online presence makes you look professional and in-demand. Make your own website for free and list your services, include a price chart, and provide examples of your work. Then, create a professional profile on LinkedIn, Facebook, and Twitter.\\nCreate a career portfolio to include on your website.\\n3-5. Set your prices.\\nAs a freelancer, you get to decide how much money you make. To cover taxes, you might set your rates for 25% more than what you hope to earn per hour. You could also do a pricing menu, like this one:\\n\\n I charge $18 hourly rate for any task.\\n I charge $25 per blog post, $10 per document, and $50 for scheduling a week of social media posts.\\n I charge $250 a week to manage an email account and $500 biweekly for billing and invoicing.\\n I charge $1250 per month for unlimited services.\\n3-6. Post on job sites to look for clients.\\nAs a virtual assistant, you’ll need to build our own client base. Fortunately, there are a ton of sites that help match virtual assistants to clients who need your services. Create an account on these websites, then make a post advertising your skills. Here are some great sites for getting work as a virtual assistant:\\nUpwork\\nBoldly\\nThumbtack\\nToptal\\nFancy Hands\\n3-7. Call local businesses to offer your services.\\nCold calling is a great way to attract new clients. Start by making a list of small businesses in your area. Then, call them one-by-one to ask if they need your services. To seal the deal, explain how you could help them save money or improve productivity by taking over some of their office tasks.\\n“I’m a virtual assistant who manages your email, social media accounts, and billing. For an hourly rate, I’ll take care of your admin tasks so you can spend more time on what’s important. My clients typically see an increase in productivity, thanks to my help.”\\n3-8. Create a contract if you’re working as a freelancer.\\nYou don’t need a super complicated contract to do freelance work. However, it’s a good idea to protect yourself by putting what you’re going to do in writing. Make a simple contract that includes the services you’re going to complete and how much you’ll be paid, as well as when.\\nYou can use free sample contracts as a starting point, such as these.\\n4. Skills Needed\\n4-1. Time-management\\nAs a virtual assistant, you’ll be in charge of your own schedule. You’ll be able to take on more clients and make more money if you have good time management skills.\\nMake a schedule for yourself.\\nStick to a daily routine.\\nDon’t multitask.\\nTake breaks to clear your head.\\n4-2. Organization skills\\nYour clients will expect you to be organized and be efficient. Start by removing clutter from your workspace and finding a spot for everything. Then, organize your computer files so you can easily find everything. Additionally, keep a daily planner so you can organize your tasks.\\nPrioritize the most important tasks you need to do.\\n4-3. Basic tech skills\\nAs a virtual assistant, you’ll likely use email, spreadsheets, and a word processor. You may also use other programs, like Microsoft Teams or Wordpress. You definitely don’t need to be a tech expert, but it helps to be a bit tech savvy.\\nTake a few computer classes on a site like Skillshare to beef up your skills. Skillshare offers a 7-day free trial, but you’ll be charged a membership fee after it ends.\\n4-4. Communication skills\\nYou’ll be communicating with other professionals both verbally and in writing. To have good communication skills, practice holding a conversation with a friend or stranger you met in public. If you want to improve your writing skills take an online class to learn how to better communicate.\\nEdx.org offers free classes, like Business Communications - The Basics and Effective Business Writing.\\n4-5. Research skills\\nConducting research is really easy, and you’ve probably already done it before. For the most part, you’ll be doing business research online and compiling what you find.\\nWant to take a deep dive into research skills? Take this free EdX course on Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Beginners.\\nYou might also like this free class about Market Research.\\n4-6. Customer service skills\\nMany businesses need help keeping their customers happy. Build client relationships by listening to what they have to say and helping them the best you can. Additionally, pay attention to their feedback and try to change how you handle customer problems if something isn’t working.\\nOn EdX, you can take free classes on Customer Experience Innovation and Customer Relationship Management.\\n4-7. Special skills\\nWhile you don’t need any special skills, you’ll probably get more clients if you can do more advanced tasks. Some virtual assistants do web design, do graphic design, or make videos. Wanna learn a special skill? Check out these free and low cost classes:\\nWeb Design\\nGraphic Design\\nVideo for Content Creators\\n5. Average Salary\\nOn average, administrative assistants make about $19.08 an hour.\\nYou can make about the same amount working virtually. Keep in mind that you’ll be able to set your own rates depending on what you do for your clients.\\nMost virtual assistants make between $16.00 and $28.00 an hour.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Wanna work from home and make great money? Of course you do! As a virtual assistant, you’ll be part of a fast growing career with lots of opportunities. Virtual assistants are usually self-employed, and it’s common to work for several people at the same time to make more money. Best of all, you don’t need any experience to get started. We’ll show you the easiest way to become a virtual assistant, and you can get started today.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"What is a virtual assistant?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Virtual assistants do administrative work for entrepreneurs or businesses.\", \"描述\": \"Generally, you’ll be doing basic office work, such as emailing clients or scheduling meetings. Since this is a remote job, you can do it over your computer from anywhere. As a virtual assistant, you’ll likely be a freelancer or contract worker, which means you’re essentially self-employed.\\nAs a virtual assistant, you have the power to choose what types of services you want to offer. That way, you’re always playing to your strengths.\\nYou don’t need any experience to become a virtual assistant, but you’ll have more success if you beef up your administrative skills.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Job Tasks\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Maintain schedules\", \"描述\": \"An entrepreneur might hire you to schedule meetings or manage their calendar. Similarly, you might create employee schedules or manage company events.\\nYour client will tell you which scheduling software to use. It’s a good idea to familiarize yourself with popular programs like Microsoft Teams and Google Calendar.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Respond to emails\", \"描述\": \"Since entrepreneurs are so busy, they often need someone to help manage their own client lists. As a virtual assistant, you might be the person checking their email, responding to customers, and sending requested documents. It’s a simple task, but it’ll free up your client to focus on bigger business tasks.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Research\", \"描述\": \"Virtual assistants do several different types of research, depending on what the business needs. Talk to your clients about what type of research you’re about to do when you’re offering your services. Here’s a breakdown of what you could offer:\\n\\n Finding more information about the industry or recent developments.\\n Learning about new products or finding the right product for your client.\\n Learning more about the client’s customer base or finding potential customer leads on sites like LinkedIn.\\n Finding more information about the current market and potential gaps in it. This might include compiling data about the market.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Prepare and manage documents\", \"描述\": \"Virtual assistants can help with common office tasks like completing forms or putting together packets for a meeting. Your client may prefer to pass their paperwork to you so they don’t waste precious work hours on administrative tasks.\\nIf you’re in charge of your client’s paperwork, you may also be organizing and maintaining their files—virtually, of course. This could include managing a Google Drive or a Microsoft Teams account.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Content creation and marketing\", \"描述\": \"Many businesses are recognizing the benefits of content marketing. Helpful blog posts and eye-catching videos can draw more customers to your client’s website or social media. As a virtual assistant, you could be in charge of creating content like:\\nBlog posts\\nPictures of your client and their product or services\\nImages related to the industry\\nVideos depicting your client or something related to the industry\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Billing and invoicing\", \"描述\": \"Your client might need help managing their finances. You could prepare client invoices and send out bills for services. Additionally, your client may hire you to do basic bookkeeping.\\nIf you plan to do bookkeeping, you might learn QuickBooks Pro, which is a popular accounting software.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Data entry\", \"描述\": \"If you love spreadsheets, you’re in luck! Most businesses manage data, and that’s something a virtual assistant can easily handle. Your client might hire you to fill out spreadsheets with things like sales data, product inventory, or customer information. Additionally, you might transcribe meeting minutes or combine multiple spreadsheets into one.\\nNew to data entry? It’s easy to learn data entry by practicing with an Excel spreadsheet or Google Sheets.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Customer support\", \"描述\": \"Customers are the bread and butter of a business. If they aren’t happy, they’re not going to keep coming back. As a virtual assistant, it might be your job to answer client calls and emails and resolve any issues they might be having.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Manage social media or a website\", \"描述\": \"Most businesses promote themselves online, and they need someone to post regularly. A good virtual assistant can create and schedule posts to keep the business accounts active. You might also interact with customers.\\nMaintaining your own website and social media accounts will help you get the skills you need to help your clients.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Transcription\", \"描述\": \"Virtual assistants often transcribe business meetings so there's documentation of what was said. Your transcription will also make it easier for people to check the meeting minutes without having go through the entire recording.\\nGoing to do transcription? Learn how to transcribe faster.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"8 Steps to Becoming a Virtual Assistant\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Inventory your skills.\", \"描述\": \"You definitely have some skills that would make you a great virtual assistant, you just need to figure out what they are. That way, you can determine what skills you need to polish up a bit more and what services you can offer right away. Ask yourself:\\nWhat computer programs do I know how to use? (Zoom, Microsoft Teams, Google Drive)\\nWhat skills have I mastered at school? (Email, writing essays, research)\\nWhat tasks have I done at my job or while volunteering? (Customer service, maintaining a schedule)\\nWhat are my hobbies? (Writing, taking photos, making videos)\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take online classes to build your skillset.\", \"描述\": \"Chances are, there are some services you’d like to offer but you aren’t quite ready to do. Or, maybe you know how to do something but just want to feel more credentialed. Complete a few online classes to bulk up your resume. Here are some sites to try:\\nEdX\\nSkillshare\\nKhan Academy\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Decide what services you want to offer.\", \"描述\": \"Think about what you’re good at doing, and what you enjoy doing. Then, make a list of all of the services you feel confident offering your clients. Here’s an example of what your list might look like:\\nEmail management\\nSocial media management and marketing\\nScheduling\\nContent marketing for websites\\nVideo production and editing\\nMarket, product, and customer research\\nBilling and invoicing\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Create a website and social media accounts to market yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Clients need a way to find you, and you need a place to advertise your skills. Plus, an online presence makes you look professional and in-demand. Make your own website for free and list your services, include a price chart, and provide examples of your work. Then, create a professional profile on LinkedIn, Facebook, and Twitter.\\nCreate a career portfolio to include on your website.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Set your prices.\", \"描述\": \"As a freelancer, you get to decide how much money you make. To cover taxes, you might set your rates for 25% more than what you hope to earn per hour. You could also do a pricing menu, like this one:\\n\\n I charge $18 hourly rate for any task.\\n I charge $25 per blog post, $10 per document, and $50 for scheduling a week of social media posts.\\n I charge $250 a week to manage an email account and $500 biweekly for billing and invoicing.\\n I charge $1250 per month for unlimited services.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Post on job sites to look for clients.\", \"描述\": \"As a virtual assistant, you’ll need to build our own client base. Fortunately, there are a ton of sites that help match virtual assistants to clients who need your services. Create an account on these websites, then make a post advertising your skills. Here are some great sites for getting work as a virtual assistant:\\nUpwork\\nBoldly\\nThumbtack\\nToptal\\nFancy Hands\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Call local businesses to offer your services.\", \"描述\": \"Cold calling is a great way to attract new clients. Start by making a list of small businesses in your area. Then, call them one-by-one to ask if they need your services. To seal the deal, explain how you could help them save money or improve productivity by taking over some of their office tasks.\\n“I’m a virtual assistant who manages your email, social media accounts, and billing. For an hourly rate, I’ll take care of your admin tasks so you can spend more time on what’s important. My clients typically see an increase in productivity, thanks to my help.”\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Create a contract if you’re working as a freelancer.\", \"描述\": \"You don’t need a super complicated contract to do freelance work. However, it’s a good idea to protect yourself by putting what you’re going to do in writing. Make a simple contract that includes the services you’re going to complete and how much you’ll be paid, as well as when.\\nYou can use free sample contracts as a starting point, such as these.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Skills Needed\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Time-management\", \"描述\": \"As a virtual assistant, you’ll be in charge of your own schedule. You’ll be able to take on more clients and make more money if you have good time management skills.\\nMake a schedule for yourself.\\nStick to a daily routine.\\nDon’t multitask.\\nTake breaks to clear your head.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Organization skills\", \"描述\": \"Your clients will expect you to be organized and be efficient. Start by removing clutter from your workspace and finding a spot for everything. Then, organize your computer files so you can easily find everything. Additionally, keep a daily planner so you can organize your tasks.\\nPrioritize the most important tasks you need to do.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Basic tech skills\", \"描述\": \"As a virtual assistant, you’ll likely use email, spreadsheets, and a word processor. You may also use other programs, like Microsoft Teams or Wordpress. You definitely don’t need to be a tech expert, but it helps to be a bit tech savvy.\\nTake a few computer classes on a site like Skillshare to beef up your skills. Skillshare offers a 7-day free trial, but you’ll be charged a membership fee after it ends.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Communication skills\", \"描述\": \"You’ll be communicating with other professionals both verbally and in writing. To have good communication skills, practice holding a conversation with a friend or stranger you met in public. If you want to improve your writing skills take an online class to learn how to better communicate.\\nEdx.org offers free classes, like Business Communications - The Basics and Effective Business Writing.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Research skills\", \"描述\": \"Conducting research is really easy, and you’ve probably already done it before. For the most part, you’ll be doing business research online and compiling what you find.\\nWant to take a deep dive into research skills? Take this free EdX course on Quantitative and Qualitative Research for Beginners.\\nYou might also like this free class about Market Research.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Customer service skills\", \"描述\": \"Many businesses need help keeping their customers happy. Build client relationships by listening to what they have to say and helping them the best you can. Additionally, pay attention to their feedback and try to change how you handle customer problems if something isn’t working.\\nOn EdX, you can take free classes on Customer Experience Innovation and Customer Relationship Management.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Special skills\", \"描述\": \"While you don’t need any special skills, you’ll probably get more clients if you can do more advanced tasks. Some virtual assistants do web design, do graphic design, or make videos. Wanna learn a special skill? Check out these free and low cost classes:\\nWeb Design\\nGraphic Design\\nVideo for Content Creators\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Average Salary\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"On average, administrative assistants make about $19.08 an hour.\", \"描述\": \"You can make about the same amount working virtually. Keep in mind that you’ll be able to set your own rates depending on what you do for your clients.\\nMost virtual assistants make between $16.00 and $28.00 an hour.\"}]}]}}",
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wikihow
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5,866 |
How to Become a Vocal Coach
|
1. Developing Your Musical Talent
1-1. Practice your singing voice.
Start with singing a note that comes most naturally to you. Test your ability to carry the note by singing it as high as you can without straining. Then, go as low as you can without straining. For added practice, sing your favorite tune at the highest pitch and lowest pitch you can. Smile while you sing for a brighter, clearer vocal sound. Once you learn your range, identify your voice type.
If you’re female, and your voice is high, your voice will be considered a Soprano. If it’s low, it will be considered an alto. If you’re male and your voice is high, your voice will be considered a Tenor. If it’s low, it will be considered Bass.
Practice at least one singing/warm-up exercise for at least 10 minutes a day. Listen to your pitch, and focus on your tone to deliver the best sound for your voice. Challenge yourself by singing in different pitches, volumes and speeds.
Be comfortable and learn to sing well with your own voice before teaching others. You will need to make your voice versatile, and know how to sing in many different ranges and styles.
1-2. Acquire vocal training.
Research and find vocal coaches in your area. Scan their websites or call them to find out what services they specialize in. Request to meet with them, and if possible, ask them to evaluate your voice for a class that fits you best. Take the lessons on a weekly basis, or as recommended by your vocal coach for best results.
You might also pursue professional vocal or opera training from a performing or liberal arts school for professional results. Be mindful that lessons can be pricy, and run as much as $30 for a 30 minute session. Getting vocal training is often seen as a prerequisite, as many vocal coaches begin their careers as professional singers.
1-3. Study music.
Pursue a college degree in music, preferably from a performing arts school or a program that offers singing and vocal work, as well as teaching and education classes. Learn music theory and how it applies to sounds. Learn how to read notes, in a class, or creatively using online apps. Take yourself out to musical concerts and train yourself to listen to harmony, tone and other important elements of music. Become familiar with a variety of singing voices and vocal styles.
Learn to play an instrument, like the piano or guitar, to use as a guide to study notes and pitch. Start with playing simple notes or songs, like Mary Had A Little Lamb to learn the keys. Practice matching your voice to the musical keys. Use online tutorials, or take lessons from a professional, if needed.
2. Getting Trained As a Vocal Coach
2-1. Make a decision on the type of vocal coach you want to be.
Decide if you want to be a certified teacher, private instructor, or a commercial vocal coach. Ask yourself if you want to work in a studio, or for a recording company. This will help you be clear on your course of study and how much training you’ll need. While there is no formal training required to become a vocal coach, many professionals spend as much as 10 years developing their skills.
Determine who you want to teach, and who you want your customers and clients to be. For example, do you want to teach children, teenagers or adults? Or do you want to work with up-and-coming singers or celebrities?
2-2. Choose a certification program.
Search for “vocal training services” online and look into at least five different training programs for aspiring vocal coaches. Compare and contrast which is best for you according to cost, the length of program, and the types of courses offered. You can choose to get a certificate, enroll in a diploma or degree-based program, or take courses in pedagogy or speech. Create a budget for a full-year of classes at least, as you might need to take out a loan and pay-out-of-pocket for your training.
Check with your instructor to verify the classes will offer you personalized training for your vocal technique, and also teach you the best way to meet the needs of your students. A good vocal training program should teach you proper voice technique, vocal science and psychology.
Note: you can train for as little as six months if you want to be a private vocal coach. However, if you want to be a vocal teacher in a school, it may take you as long as four years, as you’ll be required to have a degree. Be serious about your professional development.
2-3. Brand yourself as a vocal coach.
Put together a resume and cover letter featuring all your education, certification and training so far as a vocal coach. Design a logo, and come up with a catch phrase for your services. Create a website that showcases yourself as a vocal coach. Invest in business cards, and other marketing materials, like flyers and ads, to promote yourself.
2-4. Get involved in industry events.
Join a singing or songwriter’s guild or association. Sign up for vocal workshops with an established vocal coach to observe how they teach and how students respond to them. Research dance and recording studios online and the services they offer. Nail down a few you’d be interested in working with and pitch volunteering as a vocal coach to them.
3. Landing A Job As a Vocal Coach
3-1. Seek an internship or practical work experience.
Search online job boards, such as Monster and CareerBuilder for internship, part-time or temporary work opportunities as a vocal coach. Research vocal coaches in your area to find out when they offer classes.
If possible, call or email them and request to shadow them or assist with teaching their classes. Research dance and recording studios in your area, and do a walk in. Ask for the director or heads of the studio, and express your interest in working for them
3-2. Build your client list.
Make it known to your family and friends that you’ve become a vocal coach. Ask them to spread the word. Market yourself as a vocal coach online, i.e. your website and on social media. To build your following, try creating a blog or vlog that is designed to answer and address questions about getting vocal coaching. Attend networking events to meet and mingle with other professionals in your industry to gain recognition among your peers.
Offer free vocal coach lessons in bookstores or coffee shops to aspiring students. This will help build your credibility and experience as a vocal coach. Be sure to ask for leads and referrals.
3-3. Determine your hours and pricing.
Ask around to see what other vocal coaches in your area charge for classes. Charge the same price, or a little higher, depending on your experience. Some coaches start with $30, and some as much as $50 per hour. Determine how much you’d need to launch your career as a full-time vocal coach, depending on your monthly spend. For example, if you had monthly expenses of $1,800, you might only need to teach three students for five hours a week, if you charge them $30 an hour per class.
Be flexible with your hours. Make yourself available as much as you can to to prospective students, and those who want to learn more about your services.
3-4. Be passionate and persistent.
Answer as many phone calls and questions about vocal coaching as you can. Be honest in sharing what your experience and expectations for students. Your teaching style might not be best for every student.
4. Offering Vocal Training
4-1. Decide where to offer your classes.
Nail down a space to provide your vocal lessons. A recording studio is preferred for independent, commercial or celebrity vocal coaches. If you decide to teach vocal lessons for grade-aged children, than a school would be appropriate for you. Have sound equipment essentials, including a keyboard, microphone and speakers on hand for your students to use. Make sure your space clean, airy and welcoming.
4-2. Interview prospective students.
Ask possible students about their desires to be a singer. Find out their career goals. Tune in to their needs, and any ways they’d like to improve their voice. Ask about any singing experience, or previous vocal training they’ve had. Create a profile for the student that shows their end goal, and how you plan to help them reach it. Hold a formal or on-the-spot audition, if possible, to learn their voice.
4-3. Tailor your lesson plans for each student.
Have your students sing for you, both in their head voice, and in their chest voice with vocal warm-up exercises. If they struggle with singing loudly, or on key, help them to find their note. Be kind, and mindful not to pass judgment or give harsh criticism on how they sound.
Plan lessons that offer give them singing and music basics, such as finding your music register, singing with notes and how to breathe properly while singing. If you need assistance with planning your lessons, Google “vocal lessons for teachers online” to find examples, or print and download vocal lesson plans.
Consider teaching quick hacks to improving your singing voice, such as using vocal control, clear pronunciation and musical phrasing. Include lessons in stage presence for students that want to be commercial singers or actors.
4-4. Focus on success.
Listen to concerns and future goals of your students in regards to your singing. Offer USBs, or recording devices during your sessions to record students as they sing. Have your students practice self-evaluation exercises. Be honest and constructive when giving feedback. Not all of your students will have what is considered to be a ‘great singing voice’, or star quality. Set reasonable, but measurable expectations for each student based on their voice. Their mental and vocal health will be a top priority.
4-5. Be professional.
Show up on time to teach your lessons, both in person and online. Be presentable and approachable for students. Address any concerns your students, or parents of the students might have as they progress with lessons. Develop a good rapport, so that students will continue to take your classes and support your business.
Tips
The industry for vocal coaches is very competitive. Putting strong effort into your work really helps your coaching business develop.
It's good to start with $30 an hour when charging customers, then you can increase your prices later.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:03",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Developing Your Musical Talent\\n1-1. Practice your singing voice.\\nStart with singing a note that comes most naturally to you. Test your ability to carry the note by singing it as high as you can without straining. Then, go as low as you can without straining. For added practice, sing your favorite tune at the highest pitch and lowest pitch you can. Smile while you sing for a brighter, clearer vocal sound. Once you learn your range, identify your voice type.\\nIf you’re female, and your voice is high, your voice will be considered a Soprano. If it’s low, it will be considered an alto. If you’re male and your voice is high, your voice will be considered a Tenor. If it’s low, it will be considered Bass. \\nPractice at least one singing/warm-up exercise for at least 10 minutes a day. Listen to your pitch, and focus on your tone to deliver the best sound for your voice. Challenge yourself by singing in different pitches, volumes and speeds.\\nBe comfortable and learn to sing well with your own voice before teaching others. You will need to make your voice versatile, and know how to sing in many different ranges and styles.\\n1-2. Acquire vocal training.\\nResearch and find vocal coaches in your area. Scan their websites or call them to find out what services they specialize in. Request to meet with them, and if possible, ask them to evaluate your voice for a class that fits you best. Take the lessons on a weekly basis, or as recommended by your vocal coach for best results.\\nYou might also pursue professional vocal or opera training from a performing or liberal arts school for professional results. Be mindful that lessons can be pricy, and run as much as $30 for a 30 minute session. Getting vocal training is often seen as a prerequisite, as many vocal coaches begin their careers as professional singers.\\n1-3. Study music.\\nPursue a college degree in music, preferably from a performing arts school or a program that offers singing and vocal work, as well as teaching and education classes. Learn music theory and how it applies to sounds. Learn how to read notes, in a class, or creatively using online apps. Take yourself out to musical concerts and train yourself to listen to harmony, tone and other important elements of music. Become familiar with a variety of singing voices and vocal styles. \\nLearn to play an instrument, like the piano or guitar, to use as a guide to study notes and pitch. Start with playing simple notes or songs, like Mary Had A Little Lamb to learn the keys. Practice matching your voice to the musical keys. Use online tutorials, or take lessons from a professional, if needed.\\n2. Getting Trained As a Vocal Coach\\n2-1. Make a decision on the type of vocal coach you want to be.\\nDecide if you want to be a certified teacher, private instructor, or a commercial vocal coach. Ask yourself if you want to work in a studio, or for a recording company. This will help you be clear on your course of study and how much training you’ll need. While there is no formal training required to become a vocal coach, many professionals spend as much as 10 years developing their skills. \\nDetermine who you want to teach, and who you want your customers and clients to be. For example, do you want to teach children, teenagers or adults? Or do you want to work with up-and-coming singers or celebrities?\\n2-2. Choose a certification program.\\nSearch for “vocal training services” online and look into at least five different training programs for aspiring vocal coaches. Compare and contrast which is best for you according to cost, the length of program, and the types of courses offered. You can choose to get a certificate, enroll in a diploma or degree-based program, or take courses in pedagogy or speech. Create a budget for a full-year of classes at least, as you might need to take out a loan and pay-out-of-pocket for your training.\\nCheck with your instructor to verify the classes will offer you personalized training for your vocal technique, and also teach you the best way to meet the needs of your students. A good vocal training program should teach you proper voice technique, vocal science and psychology.\\nNote: you can train for as little as six months if you want to be a private vocal coach. However, if you want to be a vocal teacher in a school, it may take you as long as four years, as you’ll be required to have a degree. Be serious about your professional development.\\n2-3. Brand yourself as a vocal coach.\\nPut together a resume and cover letter featuring all your education, certification and training so far as a vocal coach. Design a logo, and come up with a catch phrase for your services. Create a website that showcases yourself as a vocal coach. Invest in business cards, and other marketing materials, like flyers and ads, to promote yourself.\\n2-4. Get involved in industry events.\\nJoin a singing or songwriter’s guild or association. Sign up for vocal workshops with an established vocal coach to observe how they teach and how students respond to them. Research dance and recording studios online and the services they offer. Nail down a few you’d be interested in working with and pitch volunteering as a vocal coach to them.\\n3. Landing A Job As a Vocal Coach\\n3-1. Seek an internship or practical work experience.\\nSearch online job boards, such as Monster and CareerBuilder for internship, part-time or temporary work opportunities as a vocal coach. Research vocal coaches in your area to find out when they offer classes.\\nIf possible, call or email them and request to shadow them or assist with teaching their classes. Research dance and recording studios in your area, and do a walk in. Ask for the director or heads of the studio, and express your interest in working for them\\n3-2. Build your client list.\\nMake it known to your family and friends that you’ve become a vocal coach. Ask them to spread the word. Market yourself as a vocal coach online, i.e. your website and on social media. To build your following, try creating a blog or vlog that is designed to answer and address questions about getting vocal coaching. Attend networking events to meet and mingle with other professionals in your industry to gain recognition among your peers.\\nOffer free vocal coach lessons in bookstores or coffee shops to aspiring students. This will help build your credibility and experience as a vocal coach. Be sure to ask for leads and referrals.\\n3-3. Determine your hours and pricing.\\nAsk around to see what other vocal coaches in your area charge for classes. Charge the same price, or a little higher, depending on your experience. Some coaches start with $30, and some as much as $50 per hour. Determine how much you’d need to launch your career as a full-time vocal coach, depending on your monthly spend. For example, if you had monthly expenses of $1,800, you might only need to teach three students for five hours a week, if you charge them $30 an hour per class.\\nBe flexible with your hours. Make yourself available as much as you can to to prospective students, and those who want to learn more about your services.\\n3-4. Be passionate and persistent.\\nAnswer as many phone calls and questions about vocal coaching as you can. Be honest in sharing what your experience and expectations for students. Your teaching style might not be best for every student.\\n4. Offering Vocal Training\\n4-1. Decide where to offer your classes.\\nNail down a space to provide your vocal lessons. A recording studio is preferred for independent, commercial or celebrity vocal coaches. If you decide to teach vocal lessons for grade-aged children, than a school would be appropriate for you. Have sound equipment essentials, including a keyboard, microphone and speakers on hand for your students to use. Make sure your space clean, airy and welcoming.\\n4-2. Interview prospective students.\\nAsk possible students about their desires to be a singer. Find out their career goals. Tune in to their needs, and any ways they’d like to improve their voice. Ask about any singing experience, or previous vocal training they’ve had. Create a profile for the student that shows their end goal, and how you plan to help them reach it. Hold a formal or on-the-spot audition, if possible, to learn their voice.\\n4-3. Tailor your lesson plans for each student.\\nHave your students sing for you, both in their head voice, and in their chest voice with vocal warm-up exercises. If they struggle with singing loudly, or on key, help them to find their note. Be kind, and mindful not to pass judgment or give harsh criticism on how they sound. \\nPlan lessons that offer give them singing and music basics, such as finding your music register, singing with notes and how to breathe properly while singing. If you need assistance with planning your lessons, Google “vocal lessons for teachers online” to find examples, or print and download vocal lesson plans.\\nConsider teaching quick hacks to improving your singing voice, such as using vocal control, clear pronunciation and musical phrasing. Include lessons in stage presence for students that want to be commercial singers or actors.\\n4-4. Focus on success.\\nListen to concerns and future goals of your students in regards to your singing. Offer USBs, or recording devices during your sessions to record students as they sing. Have your students practice self-evaluation exercises. Be honest and constructive when giving feedback. Not all of your students will have what is considered to be a ‘great singing voice’, or star quality. Set reasonable, but measurable expectations for each student based on their voice. Their mental and vocal health will be a top priority.\\n4-5. Be professional.\\nShow up on time to teach your lessons, both in person and online. Be presentable and approachable for students. Address any concerns your students, or parents of the students might have as they progress with lessons. Develop a good rapport, so that students will continue to take your classes and support your business.\\nTips\\nThe industry for vocal coaches is very competitive. Putting strong effort into your work really helps your coaching business develop.\\nIt's good to start with $30 an hour when charging customers, then you can increase your prices later.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Vocal coaches play an undeniable role in making others successful in the music industry. Vocal coaches are music trainers, counselors and mentors, with the ability to make or break an aspiring musician, actor or entertainer as they progress in their career. Good vocal coaches possess the attractive combination of a great singing voice, understanding of music and the ability to teach and inspire others to master their voice. With that said, there are many important steps and qualities that one must undertake to become a vocal coach.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Developing Your Musical Talent\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Practice your singing voice.\", \"描述\": \"Start with singing a note that comes most naturally to you. Test your ability to carry the note by singing it as high as you can without straining. Then, go as low as you can without straining. For added practice, sing your favorite tune at the highest pitch and lowest pitch you can. Smile while you sing for a brighter, clearer vocal sound. Once you learn your range, identify your voice type.\\nIf you’re female, and your voice is high, your voice will be considered a Soprano. If it’s low, it will be considered an alto. If you’re male and your voice is high, your voice will be considered a Tenor. If it’s low, it will be considered Bass. \\nPractice at least one singing/warm-up exercise for at least 10 minutes a day. Listen to your pitch, and focus on your tone to deliver the best sound for your voice. Challenge yourself by singing in different pitches, volumes and speeds.\\nBe comfortable and learn to sing well with your own voice before teaching others. You will need to make your voice versatile, and know how to sing in many different ranges and styles.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Acquire vocal training.\", \"描述\": \"Research and find vocal coaches in your area. Scan their websites or call them to find out what services they specialize in. Request to meet with them, and if possible, ask them to evaluate your voice for a class that fits you best. Take the lessons on a weekly basis, or as recommended by your vocal coach for best results.\\nYou might also pursue professional vocal or opera training from a performing or liberal arts school for professional results. Be mindful that lessons can be pricy, and run as much as $30 for a 30 minute session. Getting vocal training is often seen as a prerequisite, as many vocal coaches begin their careers as professional singers.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Study music.\", \"描述\": \"Pursue a college degree in music, preferably from a performing arts school or a program that offers singing and vocal work, as well as teaching and education classes. Learn music theory and how it applies to sounds. Learn how to read notes, in a class, or creatively using online apps. Take yourself out to musical concerts and train yourself to listen to harmony, tone and other important elements of music. Become familiar with a variety of singing voices and vocal styles. \\nLearn to play an instrument, like the piano or guitar, to use as a guide to study notes and pitch. Start with playing simple notes or songs, like Mary Had A Little Lamb to learn the keys. Practice matching your voice to the musical keys. Use online tutorials, or take lessons from a professional, if needed.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Trained As a Vocal Coach\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make a decision on the type of vocal coach you want to be.\", \"描述\": \"Decide if you want to be a certified teacher, private instructor, or a commercial vocal coach. Ask yourself if you want to work in a studio, or for a recording company. This will help you be clear on your course of study and how much training you’ll need. While there is no formal training required to become a vocal coach, many professionals spend as much as 10 years developing their skills. \\nDetermine who you want to teach, and who you want your customers and clients to be. For example, do you want to teach children, teenagers or adults? Or do you want to work with up-and-coming singers or celebrities?\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose a certification program.\", \"描述\": \"Search for “vocal training services” online and look into at least five different training programs for aspiring vocal coaches. Compare and contrast which is best for you according to cost, the length of program, and the types of courses offered. You can choose to get a certificate, enroll in a diploma or degree-based program, or take courses in pedagogy or speech. Create a budget for a full-year of classes at least, as you might need to take out a loan and pay-out-of-pocket for your training.\\nCheck with your instructor to verify the classes will offer you personalized training for your vocal technique, and also teach you the best way to meet the needs of your students. A good vocal training program should teach you proper voice technique, vocal science and psychology.\\nNote: you can train for as little as six months if you want to be a private vocal coach. However, if you want to be a vocal teacher in a school, it may take you as long as four years, as you’ll be required to have a degree. Be serious about your professional development.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Brand yourself as a vocal coach.\", \"描述\": \"Put together a resume and cover letter featuring all your education, certification and training so far as a vocal coach. Design a logo, and come up with a catch phrase for your services. Create a website that showcases yourself as a vocal coach. Invest in business cards, and other marketing materials, like flyers and ads, to promote yourself.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get involved in industry events.\", \"描述\": \"Join a singing or songwriter’s guild or association. Sign up for vocal workshops with an established vocal coach to observe how they teach and how students respond to them. Research dance and recording studios online and the services they offer. Nail down a few you’d be interested in working with and pitch volunteering as a vocal coach to them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Landing A Job As a Vocal Coach\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Seek an internship or practical work experience.\", \"描述\": \"Search online job boards, such as Monster and CareerBuilder for internship, part-time or temporary work opportunities as a vocal coach. Research vocal coaches in your area to find out when they offer classes.\\nIf possible, call or email them and request to shadow them or assist with teaching their classes. Research dance and recording studios in your area, and do a walk in. Ask for the director or heads of the studio, and express your interest in working for them\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Build your client list.\", \"描述\": \"Make it known to your family and friends that you’ve become a vocal coach. Ask them to spread the word. Market yourself as a vocal coach online, i.e. your website and on social media. To build your following, try creating a blog or vlog that is designed to answer and address questions about getting vocal coaching. Attend networking events to meet and mingle with other professionals in your industry to gain recognition among your peers.\\nOffer free vocal coach lessons in bookstores or coffee shops to aspiring students. This will help build your credibility and experience as a vocal coach. Be sure to ask for leads and referrals.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Determine your hours and pricing.\", \"描述\": \"Ask around to see what other vocal coaches in your area charge for classes. Charge the same price, or a little higher, depending on your experience. Some coaches start with $30, and some as much as $50 per hour. Determine how much you’d need to launch your career as a full-time vocal coach, depending on your monthly spend. For example, if you had monthly expenses of $1,800, you might only need to teach three students for five hours a week, if you charge them $30 an hour per class.\\nBe flexible with your hours. Make yourself available as much as you can to to prospective students, and those who want to learn more about your services.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be passionate and persistent.\", \"描述\": \"Answer as many phone calls and questions about vocal coaching as you can. Be honest in sharing what your experience and expectations for students. Your teaching style might not be best for every student.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Offering Vocal Training\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Decide where to offer your classes.\", \"描述\": \"Nail down a space to provide your vocal lessons. A recording studio is preferred for independent, commercial or celebrity vocal coaches. If you decide to teach vocal lessons for grade-aged children, than a school would be appropriate for you. Have sound equipment essentials, including a keyboard, microphone and speakers on hand for your students to use. Make sure your space clean, airy and welcoming.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Interview prospective students.\", \"描述\": \"Ask possible students about their desires to be a singer. Find out their career goals. Tune in to their needs, and any ways they’d like to improve their voice. Ask about any singing experience, or previous vocal training they’ve had. Create a profile for the student that shows their end goal, and how you plan to help them reach it. Hold a formal or on-the-spot audition, if possible, to learn their voice.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tailor your lesson plans for each student.\", \"描述\": \"Have your students sing for you, both in their head voice, and in their chest voice with vocal warm-up exercises. If they struggle with singing loudly, or on key, help them to find their note. Be kind, and mindful not to pass judgment or give harsh criticism on how they sound. \\nPlan lessons that offer give them singing and music basics, such as finding your music register, singing with notes and how to breathe properly while singing. If you need assistance with planning your lessons, Google “vocal lessons for teachers online” to find examples, or print and download vocal lesson plans.\\nConsider teaching quick hacks to improving your singing voice, such as using vocal control, clear pronunciation and musical phrasing. Include lessons in stage presence for students that want to be commercial singers or actors.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Focus on success.\", \"描述\": \"Listen to concerns and future goals of your students in regards to your singing. Offer USBs, or recording devices during your sessions to record students as they sing. Have your students practice self-evaluation exercises. Be honest and constructive when giving feedback. Not all of your students will have what is considered to be a ‘great singing voice’, or star quality. Set reasonable, but measurable expectations for each student based on their voice. Their mental and vocal health will be a top priority.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be professional.\", \"描述\": \"Show up on time to teach your lessons, both in person and online. Be presentable and approachable for students. Address any concerns your students, or parents of the students might have as they progress with lessons. Develop a good rapport, so that students will continue to take your classes and support your business.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"The industry for vocal coaches is very competitive. Putting strong effort into your work really helps your coaching business develop.\\n\", \"It's good to start with $30 an hour when charging customers, then you can increase your prices later.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,867 |
How to Become a Volunteer Firefighter
|
1. Applying to Volunteer
1-1. Contact your local fire department.
In the U.S., each county runs its own fire department, and not every department has a dedicated website. Run a web search to find email contacts and station addresses or visit the National Volunteer Firefighter Recruitment Center at [ http://www.nvfrc.com ] .Call, write an email, or go down to the nearest fire station. Say that you're interested in becoming a volunteer firefighter.
If you call, make sure to use the non-emergency number! This should be listed on the department website. The emergency line is reserved for fires, and the people at the station won't appreciate a non-urgent call.
If you are in the U.S., you can go through your state firefighters' association. Visit the website and look for information about firefighting in your area.
1-2. Ask if they need volunteers.
Not all stations take volunteers. Even if your local station does take volunteers, it might already have plenty of help. Ask about non-firefighting roles like communications, support, and fundraising.
If there are no current openings, ask if there is any sort of waiting list. The department may need more help at some point.
1-3. Meet the requirements.
The qualifications for volunteer firefighting vary widely from department to department. However, all fire stations do enforce a minimum age requirement. Most fire departments require that you have a valid driver's license and can legally work in the U.S. Make sure that you live within the service area of the fire department so that you can respond to local emergencies!
Most departments require that you are at least 14 years old. Some only accept volunteers older than 18.
Some departments only accept volunteers with a high school diploma or an equivalent degree.
1-4. Apply.
You will need to fill out an application form, and you may need to undergo a background check. Check the requirements! The screening process and the qualifications are slightly different for every fire department. Wait for the station administration to review your application. If they want your help, they will contact you.
1-5. Take the next steps.
If the department accepts your application, you'll usually be asked to come into the station and meet the firefighting team. There may be an interview, and you may even sit in on a training session. If the fire squad approves you for volunteering, then you will need to get a physical examination before you start your training. Be respectful and engaged. Focus on your goal.
2. Making a Commitment
2-1. Get serious.
If you're going to be a volunteer firefighter, you'll need to commit to hundreds of hours of training. You must be prepared to step up for your community and take action when there is a fire. Volunteer firefighting can be a rewarding way to spend your time, but you will need to be focused and committed to the role.
2-2. Research the role.
Visit a local fire department, if you haven't already. Ask the firefighters about what it's like to work there. If you personally know any paid or volunteer firefighters, ask them to explain the risks and rewards of volunteering. Read articles and expert columns at sites like http://www.firerescue1.com/volunteer/.
It's important to visit the local fire station. Every fire department is different, and you should make sure that this is a place where you want to spend your time.
Go for a ride-along, if possible. If you're serious about volunteering, most fire departments will allow you to ride along in the fire engine for a day while firefighters are responding to emergencies. This might help clarify your decision.
2-3. Make sure that you have enough time.
Most fire departments require that you sign up for a volunteer schedule or pledge a certain amount of hours to the program. The training is difficult and expensive, so try to make it count. Be realistic with yourself. If you won't be able to commit to the life of a volunteer firefighter, consider other ways to give back to your community.
3. Training for the Role
3-1. Complete the training program.
In the U.S., all firefighters must finish a minimum 110-hour NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) certification course. You may also undergo additional training in order to stay current with new technology. Visit the NFPA website for more information.
If you are going to be physically putting out fires, many departments require that you train in a live fire situation before you start going out on calls.
3-2. Get fit
You will need to be in great physical shape. Take care of your physical and mental health so that you can best serve your community. Some departments maintain an actual fitness requirement, while others only suggest it.
3-3. Be engaged.
Spend as much time at the station as you can. Part of your informal training is to get to know the other firefighters. You will be working on a team to respond to emergencies with these people, so it's important that you mesh well.
Tips
Consider other volunteer roles. Even if you decide not to become a firefighter, there are many other ways to help out your local fire department. Ask about fundraising, support organizations, or even helping to clean the trucks.
Once you join: be dedicated. This can be incredibly time-consuming.
Many departments have strict health requirements, but not all do. These health conditions may or may not prevent you from properly doing your job. Remember that you are responsible for the safety of others. Make the best choice for yourself and your community.
Warnings
Being a volunteer firefighter is a risky role. You are endangering your life for the lives of others. However, many find the experience to be deeply rewarding.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:03",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Applying to Volunteer\\n1-1. Contact your local fire department.\\nIn the U.S., each county runs its own fire department, and not every department has a dedicated website. Run a web search to find email contacts and station addresses or visit the National Volunteer Firefighter Recruitment Center at [ http://www.nvfrc.com ] .Call, write an email, or go down to the nearest fire station. Say that you're interested in becoming a volunteer firefighter.\\nIf you call, make sure to use the non-emergency number! This should be listed on the department website. The emergency line is reserved for fires, and the people at the station won't appreciate a non-urgent call.\\nIf you are in the U.S., you can go through your state firefighters' association. Visit the website and look for information about firefighting in your area.\\n1-2. Ask if they need volunteers.\\nNot all stations take volunteers. Even if your local station does take volunteers, it might already have plenty of help. Ask about non-firefighting roles like communications, support, and fundraising.\\nIf there are no current openings, ask if there is any sort of waiting list. The department may need more help at some point.\\n1-3. Meet the requirements.\\nThe qualifications for volunteer firefighting vary widely from department to department. However, all fire stations do enforce a minimum age requirement. Most fire departments require that you have a valid driver's license and can legally work in the U.S. Make sure that you live within the service area of the fire department so that you can respond to local emergencies!\\nMost departments require that you are at least 14 years old. Some only accept volunteers older than 18.\\nSome departments only accept volunteers with a high school diploma or an equivalent degree.\\n1-4. Apply.\\nYou will need to fill out an application form, and you may need to undergo a background check. Check the requirements! The screening process and the qualifications are slightly different for every fire department. Wait for the station administration to review your application. If they want your help, they will contact you.\\n1-5. Take the next steps.\\nIf the department accepts your application, you'll usually be asked to come into the station and meet the firefighting team. There may be an interview, and you may even sit in on a training session. If the fire squad approves you for volunteering, then you will need to get a physical examination before you start your training. Be respectful and engaged. Focus on your goal.\\n2. Making a Commitment\\n2-1. Get serious.\\nIf you're going to be a volunteer firefighter, you'll need to commit to hundreds of hours of training. You must be prepared to step up for your community and take action when there is a fire. Volunteer firefighting can be a rewarding way to spend your time, but you will need to be focused and committed to the role.\\n2-2. Research the role.\\nVisit a local fire department, if you haven't already. Ask the firefighters about what it's like to work there. If you personally know any paid or volunteer firefighters, ask them to explain the risks and rewards of volunteering. Read articles and expert columns at sites like http://www.firerescue1.com/volunteer/.\\nIt's important to visit the local fire station. Every fire department is different, and you should make sure that this is a place where you want to spend your time.\\nGo for a ride-along, if possible. If you're serious about volunteering, most fire departments will allow you to ride along in the fire engine for a day while firefighters are responding to emergencies. This might help clarify your decision.\\n2-3. Make sure that you have enough time.\\nMost fire departments require that you sign up for a volunteer schedule or pledge a certain amount of hours to the program. The training is difficult and expensive, so try to make it count. Be realistic with yourself. If you won't be able to commit to the life of a volunteer firefighter, consider other ways to give back to your community.\\n3. Training for the Role\\n3-1. Complete the training program.\\nIn the U.S., all firefighters must finish a minimum 110-hour NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) certification course. You may also undergo additional training in order to stay current with new technology. Visit the NFPA website for more information.\\nIf you are going to be physically putting out fires, many departments require that you train in a live fire situation before you start going out on calls.\\n3-2. Get fit\\nYou will need to be in great physical shape. Take care of your physical and mental health so that you can best serve your community. Some departments maintain an actual fitness requirement, while others only suggest it.\\n3-3. Be engaged.\\nSpend as much time at the station as you can. Part of your informal training is to get to know the other firefighters. You will be working on a team to respond to emergencies with these people, so it's important that you mesh well.\\nTips\\nConsider other volunteer roles. Even if you decide not to become a firefighter, there are many other ways to help out your local fire department. Ask about fundraising, support organizations, or even helping to clean the trucks.\\nOnce you join: be dedicated. This can be incredibly time-consuming.\\nMany departments have strict health requirements, but not all do. These health conditions may or may not prevent you from properly doing your job. Remember that you are responsible for the safety of others. Make the best choice for yourself and your community.\\nWarnings\\nBeing a volunteer firefighter is a risky role. You are endangering your life for the lives of others. However, many find the experience to be deeply rewarding.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Volunteer firefighting can be a great way to get involved in your community. If you're serious, then contact the local fire department and ask for an application. Be aware that this is a big commitment. You'll need to complete hundreds of hours of training, and you will need to be on call for local emergencies. This is a risky way to spend your time, but it can be deeply rewarding.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Applying to Volunteer\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Contact your local fire department.\", \"描述\": \"In the U.S., each county runs its own fire department, and not every department has a dedicated website. Run a web search to find email contacts and station addresses or visit the National Volunteer Firefighter Recruitment Center at [ http://www.nvfrc.com ] .Call, write an email, or go down to the nearest fire station. Say that you're interested in becoming a volunteer firefighter.\\nIf you call, make sure to use the non-emergency number! This should be listed on the department website. The emergency line is reserved for fires, and the people at the station won't appreciate a non-urgent call.\\nIf you are in the U.S., you can go through your state firefighters' association. Visit the website and look for information about firefighting in your area.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask if they need volunteers.\", \"描述\": \"Not all stations take volunteers. Even if your local station does take volunteers, it might already have plenty of help. Ask about non-firefighting roles like communications, support, and fundraising.\\nIf there are no current openings, ask if there is any sort of waiting list. The department may need more help at some point.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Meet the requirements.\", \"描述\": \"The qualifications for volunteer firefighting vary widely from department to department. However, all fire stations do enforce a minimum age requirement. Most fire departments require that you have a valid driver's license and can legally work in the U.S. Make sure that you live within the service area of the fire department so that you can respond to local emergencies!\\nMost departments require that you are at least 14 years old. Some only accept volunteers older than 18.\\nSome departments only accept volunteers with a high school diploma or an equivalent degree.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply.\", \"描述\": \"You will need to fill out an application form, and you may need to undergo a background check. Check the requirements! The screening process and the qualifications are slightly different for every fire department. Wait for the station administration to review your application. If they want your help, they will contact you.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take the next steps.\", \"描述\": \"If the department accepts your application, you'll usually be asked to come into the station and meet the firefighting team. There may be an interview, and you may even sit in on a training session. If the fire squad approves you for volunteering, then you will need to get a physical examination before you start your training. Be respectful and engaged. Focus on your goal.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Making a Commitment\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get serious.\", \"描述\": \"If you're going to be a volunteer firefighter, you'll need to commit to hundreds of hours of training. You must be prepared to step up for your community and take action when there is a fire. Volunteer firefighting can be a rewarding way to spend your time, but you will need to be focused and committed to the role.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Research the role.\", \"描述\": \"Visit a local fire department, if you haven't already. Ask the firefighters about what it's like to work there. If you personally know any paid or volunteer firefighters, ask them to explain the risks and rewards of volunteering. Read articles and expert columns at sites like http://www.firerescue1.com/volunteer/.\\nIt's important to visit the local fire station. Every fire department is different, and you should make sure that this is a place where you want to spend your time.\\nGo for a ride-along, if possible. If you're serious about volunteering, most fire departments will allow you to ride along in the fire engine for a day while firefighters are responding to emergencies. This might help clarify your decision.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make sure that you have enough time.\", \"描述\": \"Most fire departments require that you sign up for a volunteer schedule or pledge a certain amount of hours to the program. The training is difficult and expensive, so try to make it count. Be realistic with yourself. If you won't be able to commit to the life of a volunteer firefighter, consider other ways to give back to your community.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Training for the Role\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete the training program.\", \"描述\": \"In the U.S., all firefighters must finish a minimum 110-hour NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) certification course. You may also undergo additional training in order to stay current with new technology. Visit the NFPA website for more information.\\nIf you are going to be physically putting out fires, many departments require that you train in a live fire situation before you start going out on calls.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get fit\", \"描述\": \"You will need to be in great physical shape. Take care of your physical and mental health so that you can best serve your community. Some departments maintain an actual fitness requirement, while others only suggest it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be engaged.\", \"描述\": \"Spend as much time at the station as you can. Part of your informal training is to get to know the other firefighters. You will be working on a team to respond to emergencies with these people, so it's important that you mesh well.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Consider other volunteer roles. Even if you decide not to become a firefighter, there are many other ways to help out your local fire department. Ask about fundraising, support organizations, or even helping to clean the trucks.\\n\", \"Once you join: be dedicated. This can be incredibly time-consuming.\\n\", \"Many departments have strict health requirements, but not all do. These health conditions may or may not prevent you from properly doing your job. Remember that you are responsible for the safety of others. Make the best choice for yourself and your community.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Being a volunteer firefighter is a risky role. You are endangering your life for the lives of others. However, many find the experience to be deeply rewarding.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,868 |
How to Become a VTuber (Equipment, Cost, & Hololive)
|
1. What equipment do you need to become a VTuber?
1-1. Get a good quality computer with high-speed internet.
No matter what kind of content you’re creating, this will be key. In general, you’ll probably want a newer desktop computer with at least 8 GB of RAM. A laptop works too, but it may run a little bit slower with the software you’ll need for VTubing.
1-2. You need a motion-tracking webcam.
Pick out a webcam that will recognize your face and translate your expressions onto an avatar. You can find a decent webcam like this for under $100, like the Logitech Pro or the Microsoft LifeCam.
1-3. You can upgrade to a VR rig if you want to later on.
It’s not necessary to track all of your movements (like your hands, legs, and feet) when you’re first starting out. However, if you ever want to upgrade your avatar to a full-body one, you might consider getting a VR, or virtual reality setup. You can find a decent VR headset for around $400.
2. Which software should I use for VTubing?
Facerig, Luppet, VSeeFace, and VTube Studio are a few popular ones.
You can download most of these applications on both Windows and Mac. Some of them will help you create an avatar, while others are strictly for capturing motion and streaming your character.
Wakaru, 3tene, and Puppemoji are also good options.
Most of these websites require a monthly or a one-time download fee. The price varies greatly depending on which one you’re using, but you can expect to spend around $100 on your software.
3. How much does it cost to become a VTuber?
Expect to spend between a few hundred and a few thousand dollars.
The exact amount depends a lot on what you already have and how much you want to upgrade your equipment and your avatar. At minimum, you may have to shell out a few hundred dollars for a new webcam and a program to create a 3D model.
Feel free to get started as a VTuber with a limited amount of equipment. Over time, as you get better and start making money, you can upgrade your situation.
4. How do I create a 3D model?
4-1. Make your own in an online studio.
If you want to customize your model, try using programs like Blender, Daz3D, or Pixiv. In these studios, you can create a model from scratch, sculpting the facial features, body, and clothing items on your own. Both Blender and Pixiv have free versions, but they are slightly limited in what you can do. If you want to upgrade your account, you can pay a monthly fee of around $5 for full access.
4-2. Commission an artist to make you one.
If you aren’t feeling super artistic, try reaching out to an animator or a Photoshop expert to make a model for you. Find an artist in the community by searching “3D model commission” on Twitter or Google. Rates vary, but you can expect to spend around $50 to $100 for a commission.
5. Can you be a VTuber on mobile?
Yes, if you download VTube studio.
This app lets you upload your 2D model directly onto your phone and track your facial movements. Keep in mind, though, that it doesn’t support 3D models just yet.
The iOS version (for Apple devices) has pupil tracking, but the Android version doesn’t.
To download VTube studio, visit https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.denchi.vtubestudio&hl=en_GB.
6. How do I join Hololive?
6-1. Find out when they’re holding auditions.
Hololive holds auditions every time they want to find new VTubers. They don’t have a set schedule, so you can check the website periodically to find out when they’re open by visiting https://en.hololive.tv/audition.
6-2. Submit an online application.
After you hit “Apply” on the Hololive auditions page, you’ll be transferred to an online questionnaire. Usually, the questionnaire will ask you to submit a 5-minute video explaining who you are and what your online persona is.
6-3. Go through the interview process.
If your application is accepted, you’ll be invited to interview with the Hololive team! If you live near the offices, you can head there in person; otherwise, they’ll do it over the phone. They’ll ask you questions about your YouTube experience, why you want to join Hololive, and if you can keep up with the content they require.
Tips
Don’t feel like you have to spend a ton of money to become a VTuber. All you need is basic equipment and a standard avatar to get started!
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:03",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. What equipment do you need to become a VTuber?\\n1-1. Get a good quality computer with high-speed internet.\\nNo matter what kind of content you’re creating, this will be key. In general, you’ll probably want a newer desktop computer with at least 8 GB of RAM. A laptop works too, but it may run a little bit slower with the software you’ll need for VTubing.\\n1-2. You need a motion-tracking webcam.\\nPick out a webcam that will recognize your face and translate your expressions onto an avatar. You can find a decent webcam like this for under $100, like the Logitech Pro or the Microsoft LifeCam.\\n1-3. You can upgrade to a VR rig if you want to later on.\\nIt’s not necessary to track all of your movements (like your hands, legs, and feet) when you’re first starting out. However, if you ever want to upgrade your avatar to a full-body one, you might consider getting a VR, or virtual reality setup. You can find a decent VR headset for around $400.\\n2. Which software should I use for VTubing?\\nFacerig, Luppet, VSeeFace, and VTube Studio are a few popular ones.\\nYou can download most of these applications on both Windows and Mac. Some of them will help you create an avatar, while others are strictly for capturing motion and streaming your character.\\nWakaru, 3tene, and Puppemoji are also good options.\\nMost of these websites require a monthly or a one-time download fee. The price varies greatly depending on which one you’re using, but you can expect to spend around $100 on your software.\\n3. How much does it cost to become a VTuber?\\nExpect to spend between a few hundred and a few thousand dollars.\\nThe exact amount depends a lot on what you already have and how much you want to upgrade your equipment and your avatar. At minimum, you may have to shell out a few hundred dollars for a new webcam and a program to create a 3D model.\\nFeel free to get started as a VTuber with a limited amount of equipment. Over time, as you get better and start making money, you can upgrade your situation.\\n4. How do I create a 3D model?\\n4-1. Make your own in an online studio.\\nIf you want to customize your model, try using programs like Blender, Daz3D, or Pixiv. In these studios, you can create a model from scratch, sculpting the facial features, body, and clothing items on your own. Both Blender and Pixiv have free versions, but they are slightly limited in what you can do. If you want to upgrade your account, you can pay a monthly fee of around $5 for full access.\\n4-2. Commission an artist to make you one.\\nIf you aren’t feeling super artistic, try reaching out to an animator or a Photoshop expert to make a model for you. Find an artist in the community by searching “3D model commission” on Twitter or Google. Rates vary, but you can expect to spend around $50 to $100 for a commission.\\n5. Can you be a VTuber on mobile?\\nYes, if you download VTube studio.\\nThis app lets you upload your 2D model directly onto your phone and track your facial movements. Keep in mind, though, that it doesn’t support 3D models just yet.\\nThe iOS version (for Apple devices) has pupil tracking, but the Android version doesn’t.\\nTo download VTube studio, visit https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.denchi.vtubestudio&hl=en_GB.\\n6. How do I join Hololive?\\n6-1. Find out when they’re holding auditions.\\nHololive holds auditions every time they want to find new VTubers. They don’t have a set schedule, so you can check the website periodically to find out when they’re open by visiting https://en.hololive.tv/audition.\\n6-2. Submit an online application.\\nAfter you hit “Apply” on the Hololive auditions page, you’ll be transferred to an online questionnaire. Usually, the questionnaire will ask you to submit a 5-minute video explaining who you are and what your online persona is.\\n6-3. Go through the interview process.\\nIf your application is accepted, you’ll be invited to interview with the Hololive team! If you live near the offices, you can head there in person; otherwise, they’ll do it over the phone. They’ll ask you questions about your YouTube experience, why you want to join Hololive, and if you can keep up with the content they require.\\nTips\\nDon’t feel like you have to spend a ton of money to become a VTuber. All you need is basic equipment and a standard avatar to get started!\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you’ve been on YouTube for a little while, you’ve probably noticed the VTuber trend that’s been popping up since 2017. VTubers, or Virtual YouTubers, talk to their audience through an avatar instead of showing their faces. As this trend becomes more and more popular (and VTubers get more and more subscribers), tons of people want to know: how do they do it? We’ve answered your questions about becoming a VTuber so you can achieve your virtual dreams on YouTube.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"What equipment do you need to become a VTuber?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a good quality computer with high-speed internet.\", \"描述\": \"No matter what kind of content you’re creating, this will be key. In general, you’ll probably want a newer desktop computer with at least 8 GB of RAM. A laptop works too, but it may run a little bit slower with the software you’ll need for VTubing.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"You need a motion-tracking webcam.\", \"描述\": \"Pick out a webcam that will recognize your face and translate your expressions onto an avatar. You can find a decent webcam like this for under $100, like the Logitech Pro or the Microsoft LifeCam.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"You can upgrade to a VR rig if you want to later on.\", \"描述\": \"It’s not necessary to track all of your movements (like your hands, legs, and feet) when you’re first starting out. However, if you ever want to upgrade your avatar to a full-body one, you might consider getting a VR, or virtual reality setup. You can find a decent VR headset for around $400.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Which software should I use for VTubing?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Facerig, Luppet, VSeeFace, and VTube Studio are a few popular ones.\", \"描述\": \"You can download most of these applications on both Windows and Mac. Some of them will help you create an avatar, while others are strictly for capturing motion and streaming your character.\\nWakaru, 3tene, and Puppemoji are also good options.\\nMost of these websites require a monthly or a one-time download fee. The price varies greatly depending on which one you’re using, but you can expect to spend around $100 on your software.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"How much does it cost to become a VTuber?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Expect to spend between a few hundred and a few thousand dollars.\", \"描述\": \"The exact amount depends a lot on what you already have and how much you want to upgrade your equipment and your avatar. At minimum, you may have to shell out a few hundred dollars for a new webcam and a program to create a 3D model.\\nFeel free to get started as a VTuber with a limited amount of equipment. Over time, as you get better and start making money, you can upgrade your situation.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"How do I create a 3D model?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make your own in an online studio.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to customize your model, try using programs like Blender, Daz3D, or Pixiv. In these studios, you can create a model from scratch, sculpting the facial features, body, and clothing items on your own. Both Blender and Pixiv have free versions, but they are slightly limited in what you can do. If you want to upgrade your account, you can pay a monthly fee of around $5 for full access.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Commission an artist to make you one.\", \"描述\": \"If you aren’t feeling super artistic, try reaching out to an animator or a Photoshop expert to make a model for you. Find an artist in the community by searching “3D model commission” on Twitter or Google. Rates vary, but you can expect to spend around $50 to $100 for a commission.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Can you be a VTuber on mobile?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Yes, if you download VTube studio.\", \"描述\": \"This app lets you upload your 2D model directly onto your phone and track your facial movements. Keep in mind, though, that it doesn’t support 3D models just yet.\\nThe iOS version (for Apple devices) has pupil tracking, but the Android version doesn’t.\\nTo download VTube studio, visit https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.denchi.vtubestudio&hl=en_GB.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"How do I join Hololive?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find out when they’re holding auditions.\", \"描述\": \"Hololive holds auditions every time they want to find new VTubers. They don’t have a set schedule, so you can check the website periodically to find out when they’re open by visiting https://en.hololive.tv/audition.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Submit an online application.\", \"描述\": \"After you hit “Apply” on the Hololive auditions page, you’ll be transferred to an online questionnaire. Usually, the questionnaire will ask you to submit a 5-minute video explaining who you are and what your online persona is.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Go through the interview process.\", \"描述\": \"If your application is accepted, you’ll be invited to interview with the Hololive team! If you live near the offices, you can head there in person; otherwise, they’ll do it over the phone. They’ll ask you questions about your YouTube experience, why you want to join Hololive, and if you can keep up with the content they require.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Don’t feel like you have to spend a ton of money to become a VTuber. All you need is basic equipment and a standard avatar to get started!\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,869 |
How to Become a WWE Superstar
|
1. Getting in Shape
1-1. Play football
Professional wrestlers come from all kinds of athletic backgrounds. WWE talent scouts recruit new wrestlers based on a criteria of athleticism, charisma, coachability, etc. Athletes are encouraged to apply on their recruiting website WWEPerformanceCenter.com for a chance to be invited to an upcoming tryout.
The Rock, "Stone Cold" Steve Austin, Bray Wyatt and Roman Reigns all got their start on the football field, not in the squared circle.
Other notable stars including Brock Lesnar, Kurt Angle, and Dolph Ziggler, started out as skilled amateur wrestlers before signing deals with WWE.
Wrestlers like CM Punk, Chris Jericho, Seth Rollins, and The Hardy Boyz didn't come from athletic backgrounds. Instead, they received training at private wrestling schools, then joined indy wrestling promotions and got good enough to get WWE's attention.
1-2. Start strength-training
How did Ryback get so ripped? Hitting the weights at the age of 12. WWE wrestlers need to be strong enough to pick up a 200+ pound brawler and slam him to the mat safely. Even if you want to be a high-flyer or a mat-wrestler, you need to be strong. Focus on building strength in your upper body, your core, and your legs.
While wrestlers used to look like beer-drinking bar-room brawlers, most wrestlers these days have bodybuilder muscles. It takes serious commitment to diet and exercise if you want to be in the WWE.
Join a gym and consult a personal trainer if you want to get into WWE shape. Wrestler Triple H also offers a strength and conditioning workout video series you can buy commercially.
1-3. Focus on high-intensity cardio
Running around the ring between the ropes, landing flat on your back, and doing hip-tosses That's hard. Wrestling will have you gasping for breath pretty quick if you're not in shape. Pro wrestlers need to be in excellent cardio condition, ready to go 10-20 minutes per match at a fast clip.
Try grouping your favorite 5-10 strength workouts and do them in short, timed bursts to introduce some cardio to your strength-training routine. Do as many reps as you can with a manageable weight in 60 seconds, then give yourself 15 seconds of rest before moving to the next workout. Do all 10 exercises before taking a two minutes break, then repeat the circuit twice.
Former pro wrestler "Diamond" Dallas Page leads a wrestling-themed yoga workout that's available commercially, involving low-impact flexibility and cardio exercise. Lots of wrestlers use his method in their training.
1-4. Take dance classes
Pro wrestling is about learning to move with other people, to make the contest look realistic. Moonsaults, bodyslams, and hurricanranas are a lot more like dancing than they are like actual wrestling. You won't see anyone come off the top rope in an amateur contest or do an RKO, so gymnastics and dance are good ways to get coordinated.
Learning to tumble and take bumps will be part of your wrestling training, but you'll be a much faster learner if you've got experience doing flips and learning to spot yourself. It's an excellent way to build a foundation.
1-5. Take acting classes
The Rock didn't become a movie star by accident. Wrestlers have to be great actors, learning to sell moves and tell a convincing and compelling story in the ring. Even if you've got a ripped bod and a killer finishing move, nobody's going to care if you can't talk on the microphone.
Promos used to be improvised in the days of the Hulkster. Now, memorizing lines is a part of the routine in the WWE. If you want to be on TV, you're going to have to learn to read a script and memorize your lines.
1-6. Eat a clean diet
A common joke among pro wrestlers is that they eat nothing but grilled chicken breasts, steamed broccoli, and brown rice. Even though you might be on the road 300 days a year, it's not going to be all hamburgers and french fries. You've got to commit to eating a diet rich in lean proteins, vitamin-rich vegetables, and slow-digesting carbohydrates, to keep your body working for you.
2. Learning the Art of Wrestling
2-1. Join a private wrestling school.
Learning to do pro wrestling moves needs to happen in person, taught by a wrestling instructor in a proper wrestling ring. Wrestling schools and academies are available in most regions, offering 6-week courses and other packages for interested wrestlers. The best of these will sometimes be offered spots in local promotions.
Lots of notable wrestling schools are run by former wrestlers. Shawn Michaels, Lance Storm, Devon and Bubba Ray Dudley, Harley Race, and Killer Kowalski all run esteemed wrestling schools in the US, from which many WWE superstars have graduated.
Likewise, many indie promotions like Ring of Honor and Ohio Valley Wrestling also offer training programs.
Never, under any circumstances, should you start practicing the wrestling moves you see on television, when you're at home. Done incorrectly, those moves can be deadly.
2-2. Learn to take bumps.
The big secret to those devastating moves that look like they really hurt? They actually really hurt. Pro wrestlers learn to fall properly, however, to control those falls and protect their heads and necks from more serious injury. While landing flat on your back will never feel great, in training you'll learn to do it safely. Other skills you'll learn in wrestling school involve:
Locking up
Striking
Running the ropes
Chain wrestling
Taking specific moves
Communicating in the ring
Selling other wrestlers' moves
2-3. Learn to make your matches dramatic.
Like a good movie, a good wrestling match isn't all shoot-outs and love scenes, even though those might be the best parts. Matches need to be paced properly, mixing high spots and low spots to create drama for the audience. Learning how to do this is one of the most difficult but important parts of learning the art of wrestling.
Contrary to popular belief, most wrestling matches aren't actually scripted move-for-move. Lots of the bigger spots and the finish is usually planned out, but getting from point A to point B will usually be called in the ring.
Talk to older and more experienced wrestlers. Take every opportunity to work with them yourself if you want to learn about match pacing. Most beginners rush, going from move to move pretty quickly. Slowing down is a skill that you'll gain with time and effort.
2-4. Build a unique character.
Pro wrestling characters are usually flamboyant, over-the-top, larger-than-life personas. Regular guys named Terry and James became Hulk Hogan and the Ultimate Warrior when they set foot in the ring. Connect with a crowd by developing a kind of character they'll be able to relate to if you're a babyface, or despise if you're a heel.
Good characters are usually just amplified versions of your real personality. John Cena could really freestyle rap before he became the Doctor of Thuganomics, and Chris Jericho, the Ayatollah of Rock 'n Rolla, really is the singer in a band.
Character traits are sometimes called "gimmicks" in pro wrestling. Even if you're wrestling under your regular name, you need a good gimmick or prop. Think of Bret Hart's leather jacket and pink sunglasses, or Shawn Michaels' sparkly chaps.
2-5. Learn to talk well on the mic.
Remember: The wins and losses don't matter. Wrestlers aren't always great because they're the best wrestlers. Some of them just talk so charismatically, they get you to believe they are. Study the work of some promo masters, like Ric Flair, The Rock, Chris Jericho, Paul Heyman, and Randy Savage to learn how to talk smack with the best of them.
Practice talking in front of the mirror, perfecting the mannerisms and movements of your character. Become someone else and commit to as wide a range of emotions as possible.
Good catchphrases are important for wrestlers, but cutting an intense promo about your upcoming match is even more important. You can practice promos any time. Pick a wrestler you hate and practice talking in the mirror. Talk how you're going to rip his head off this coming Sunday. Make it intense. Make it entertaining.
2-6. Learn to do the job.
Being a good pro wrestler isn't about winning the most matches, or being the strongest person in the world. It's about getting the crowd interested in your matches enough to want to see you win, or lose. It's a performance, and sometimes the performance won't involve you getting the win.
Pro wrestlers usually work as "heels" or "babyfaces." If you're a heel, your job is to make the crowd hate you so much they'll pay good money to see you get a beat-down. If you're a babyface, your job is to be sympathetic with the crowd, so they'll want to see you do the beating. Not everyone can be a babyface.
Some wrestlers do pretty much nothing but lose. When you first get started, you'll probably be doing "jobs" for more experienced wrestlers. It's a great opportunity to learn the ins and outs of the business. Try to keep your ego out of it.
2-7. Study the history of wrestling.
WWE wrestlers need to be fans of the product. The WWE Network has an enormous archive of original content available online for cheap, including every pay-per-view event ever, but check out other VOD sources and YouTube to find the classics of the territory days, and try to keep up with what's going on in the current indy promotions as well.
Watch WCW's great cruiserweight matches with Sting and Vader, as well as classics by Dean Malenko, Eddy Guerrero, and Rey Mysterio Jr.
Watch Sandman, Raven, and Tommy Dreamer tear it up in the wild days of ECW.
Check out NWA classics from the 70s and 80s to see Harley Race, Tully Blanchard, Dusty Rhodes and Ric Flair in their prime.
Watch Verne Gagne, Mad Dog Vachon, Nick Bockwinkel, and Larry Zbyszko go head to head in AWA.
Lots of current and former wrestlers have podcasts, which include lots of wrestlers talking about the details of the wrestling business and telling stories. It's a great way to learn about what it takes. Check out podcasts by Colt Cabana, Jim Ross, and Steve Austin for a good perspective on the art of pro wrestling.
3. Joining WWE
3-1. Wrestle for an independent promotion for a while.
Wrestlers who try out for WWE need at least 3-5 years of pro wrestling experience. The only wrestlers who go immediately into the WWE are recruited from amateur college wrestling programs or other athletics. Most other wrestlers get started wrestling for some kind of promotion other than the WWE and climb their way through the ranks. Here's a list of regional independent promotions, some of which have training schools as well:
Ring of Honor
Dragon Force
Global Force Wrestling
AAA
AEW
NWA
Pro Wrestling Guerilla
Combat Zone Wrestling
3-2. Hit the road.
Smaller promotions will hire wrestlers who have received training. Many wrestlers start making a living by traveling between promotions in the region, doing a few shows at a time and gradually making connections in the business. Start getting yourself booked in as many territories as possible and working your way between them.
In the United States, the northeast is especially friendly to pro wrestling shows and indie wrestlers. Start working the circuit in your area.
3-3. Market yourself.
Go into business for yourself. Meet as many other wrestlers and promoters as you can and let them know that you're in the business of wrestling. Make yourself available to make appearance at shows of any kind, and try to get as many gigs as possible.
Print up and start selling your own merch at events. This is an excellent way to start coming up with some extra money, as well as to get to know other sides of the business. Think about what kind of a shirt people will be likely to buy. Then wrestle in it and sell it after the show.
Make up highlight packages of your matches. Start marketing your skills and your abilities in the squared circle by compiling highlight reels of your abilities. Load these up onto YouTube, or a personal website of your own.
3-4. Go to a WWE tryout.
On the WWE website is a career page, which regularly posts job openings in a variety of different departments. Jobs include production, writing, and talent. Regional tryouts are held occasionally, where wrestlers may show off in an attempt to get the recruiters' attention. These tryouts will be posted on the WWE site and held at the NXT facility in Orlando, FL.
According to some estimates, WWE gets as many as 2000 unsolicited wrestler applications every single week. You can send video and press to World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. Attention: Talent Relations, 1241 East Main Street, Stamford, CT 06902. It's very difficult to get a foot in the door this way.
Another way to try out for WWE is to tryout for their reality program, called Tough Enough. The show follows wrestlers who compete for a contract with WWE. The Miz, Ryback, and Big E were all contestants on Tough Enough.
3-5. Put in your time in NXT.
Almost all new recruits are sent to NXT, which is the training facility and wrestling promotion located in Orlando, FL, before joining the main WWE roster. There, you'll take promo classes, learn the details of TV production and working the camera, and hone your craft even more with some of the best wrestlers from around the world.
At any given time, there are roughly 70 trainees signed to NXT, 10-15 of whom are featured on the NXT programming on the WWE network. Of them, maybe 5 or so from any given group will come to the main roster. NXT has produced such wrestlers as Dean Ambrose, Bray Wyatt, Seth Rollins, Roman Reigns, and Neville.
3-6. Stand out from the crowd.
The only sure way to make it to the main WWE roster? Shine. There's an "it" factor that every wrestler needs to have. It's something that can't be taught. You've got to have the charisma that will make people want to watch you, buy your merch, and follow your career. Find some way to distinguish yourself from the rest of the wrestlers on the card and take your spot.
There's no one way to be, because it's about being different. Daniel Bryan fits nobody's mold of what a WWE wrestler should look like or act like, but he is a huge superstar because of his "every man" style. Find yours.
Tips
Watch WWE shows to get some new moves to be better and try the moves so you know how to do them.
Always start with the basics to tire your opponents out.
Get a soft thing to wrestle at like a mattress or a teddy/wrestling dummy.
Warnings
Never, under any circumstances, try wrestling moves at home.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:03",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting in Shape\\n1-1. Play football\\nProfessional wrestlers come from all kinds of athletic backgrounds. WWE talent scouts recruit new wrestlers based on a criteria of athleticism, charisma, coachability, etc. Athletes are encouraged to apply on their recruiting website WWEPerformanceCenter.com for a chance to be invited to an upcoming tryout. \\nThe Rock, \\\"Stone Cold\\\" Steve Austin, Bray Wyatt and Roman Reigns all got their start on the football field, not in the squared circle.\\nOther notable stars including Brock Lesnar, Kurt Angle, and Dolph Ziggler, started out as skilled amateur wrestlers before signing deals with WWE.\\nWrestlers like CM Punk, Chris Jericho, Seth Rollins, and The Hardy Boyz didn't come from athletic backgrounds. Instead, they received training at private wrestling schools, then joined indy wrestling promotions and got good enough to get WWE's attention.\\n1-2. Start strength-training\\nHow did Ryback get so ripped? Hitting the weights at the age of 12. WWE wrestlers need to be strong enough to pick up a 200+ pound brawler and slam him to the mat safely. Even if you want to be a high-flyer or a mat-wrestler, you need to be strong. Focus on building strength in your upper body, your core, and your legs.\\nWhile wrestlers used to look like beer-drinking bar-room brawlers, most wrestlers these days have bodybuilder muscles. It takes serious commitment to diet and exercise if you want to be in the WWE.\\nJoin a gym and consult a personal trainer if you want to get into WWE shape. Wrestler Triple H also offers a strength and conditioning workout video series you can buy commercially.\\n1-3. Focus on high-intensity cardio\\nRunning around the ring between the ropes, landing flat on your back, and doing hip-tosses That's hard. Wrestling will have you gasping for breath pretty quick if you're not in shape. Pro wrestlers need to be in excellent cardio condition, ready to go 10-20 minutes per match at a fast clip.\\nTry grouping your favorite 5-10 strength workouts and do them in short, timed bursts to introduce some cardio to your strength-training routine. Do as many reps as you can with a manageable weight in 60 seconds, then give yourself 15 seconds of rest before moving to the next workout. Do all 10 exercises before taking a two minutes break, then repeat the circuit twice.\\nFormer pro wrestler \\\"Diamond\\\" Dallas Page leads a wrestling-themed yoga workout that's available commercially, involving low-impact flexibility and cardio exercise. Lots of wrestlers use his method in their training.\\n1-4. Take dance classes\\nPro wrestling is about learning to move with other people, to make the contest look realistic. Moonsaults, bodyslams, and hurricanranas are a lot more like dancing than they are like actual wrestling. You won't see anyone come off the top rope in an amateur contest or do an RKO, so gymnastics and dance are good ways to get coordinated.\\nLearning to tumble and take bumps will be part of your wrestling training, but you'll be a much faster learner if you've got experience doing flips and learning to spot yourself. It's an excellent way to build a foundation.\\n1-5. Take acting classes\\nThe Rock didn't become a movie star by accident. Wrestlers have to be great actors, learning to sell moves and tell a convincing and compelling story in the ring. Even if you've got a ripped bod and a killer finishing move, nobody's going to care if you can't talk on the microphone.\\nPromos used to be improvised in the days of the Hulkster. Now, memorizing lines is a part of the routine in the WWE. If you want to be on TV, you're going to have to learn to read a script and memorize your lines.\\n1-6. Eat a clean diet\\nA common joke among pro wrestlers is that they eat nothing but grilled chicken breasts, steamed broccoli, and brown rice. Even though you might be on the road 300 days a year, it's not going to be all hamburgers and french fries. You've got to commit to eating a diet rich in lean proteins, vitamin-rich vegetables, and slow-digesting carbohydrates, to keep your body working for you.\\n2. Learning the Art of Wrestling\\n2-1. Join a private wrestling school.\\nLearning to do pro wrestling moves needs to happen in person, taught by a wrestling instructor in a proper wrestling ring. Wrestling schools and academies are available in most regions, offering 6-week courses and other packages for interested wrestlers. The best of these will sometimes be offered spots in local promotions.\\nLots of notable wrestling schools are run by former wrestlers. Shawn Michaels, Lance Storm, Devon and Bubba Ray Dudley, Harley Race, and Killer Kowalski all run esteemed wrestling schools in the US, from which many WWE superstars have graduated.\\nLikewise, many indie promotions like Ring of Honor and Ohio Valley Wrestling also offer training programs.\\nNever, under any circumstances, should you start practicing the wrestling moves you see on television, when you're at home. Done incorrectly, those moves can be deadly.\\n2-2. Learn to take bumps.\\nThe big secret to those devastating moves that look like they really hurt? They actually really hurt. Pro wrestlers learn to fall properly, however, to control those falls and protect their heads and necks from more serious injury. While landing flat on your back will never feel great, in training you'll learn to do it safely. Other skills you'll learn in wrestling school involve:\\nLocking up\\nStriking\\nRunning the ropes\\nChain wrestling\\nTaking specific moves\\nCommunicating in the ring\\nSelling other wrestlers' moves\\n2-3. Learn to make your matches dramatic.\\nLike a good movie, a good wrestling match isn't all shoot-outs and love scenes, even though those might be the best parts. Matches need to be paced properly, mixing high spots and low spots to create drama for the audience. Learning how to do this is one of the most difficult but important parts of learning the art of wrestling.\\nContrary to popular belief, most wrestling matches aren't actually scripted move-for-move. Lots of the bigger spots and the finish is usually planned out, but getting from point A to point B will usually be called in the ring.\\nTalk to older and more experienced wrestlers. Take every opportunity to work with them yourself if you want to learn about match pacing. Most beginners rush, going from move to move pretty quickly. Slowing down is a skill that you'll gain with time and effort.\\n2-4. Build a unique character.\\nPro wrestling characters are usually flamboyant, over-the-top, larger-than-life personas. Regular guys named Terry and James became Hulk Hogan and the Ultimate Warrior when they set foot in the ring. Connect with a crowd by developing a kind of character they'll be able to relate to if you're a babyface, or despise if you're a heel.\\nGood characters are usually just amplified versions of your real personality. John Cena could really freestyle rap before he became the Doctor of Thuganomics, and Chris Jericho, the Ayatollah of Rock 'n Rolla, really is the singer in a band.\\nCharacter traits are sometimes called \\\"gimmicks\\\" in pro wrestling. Even if you're wrestling under your regular name, you need a good gimmick or prop. Think of Bret Hart's leather jacket and pink sunglasses, or Shawn Michaels' sparkly chaps.\\n2-5. Learn to talk well on the mic.\\nRemember: The wins and losses don't matter. Wrestlers aren't always great because they're the best wrestlers. Some of them just talk so charismatically, they get you to believe they are. Study the work of some promo masters, like Ric Flair, The Rock, Chris Jericho, Paul Heyman, and Randy Savage to learn how to talk smack with the best of them.\\nPractice talking in front of the mirror, perfecting the mannerisms and movements of your character. Become someone else and commit to as wide a range of emotions as possible.\\nGood catchphrases are important for wrestlers, but cutting an intense promo about your upcoming match is even more important. You can practice promos any time. Pick a wrestler you hate and practice talking in the mirror. Talk how you're going to rip his head off this coming Sunday. Make it intense. Make it entertaining.\\n2-6. Learn to do the job.\\nBeing a good pro wrestler isn't about winning the most matches, or being the strongest person in the world. It's about getting the crowd interested in your matches enough to want to see you win, or lose. It's a performance, and sometimes the performance won't involve you getting the win.\\nPro wrestlers usually work as \\\"heels\\\" or \\\"babyfaces.\\\" If you're a heel, your job is to make the crowd hate you so much they'll pay good money to see you get a beat-down. If you're a babyface, your job is to be sympathetic with the crowd, so they'll want to see you do the beating. Not everyone can be a babyface.\\nSome wrestlers do pretty much nothing but lose. When you first get started, you'll probably be doing \\\"jobs\\\" for more experienced wrestlers. It's a great opportunity to learn the ins and outs of the business. Try to keep your ego out of it.\\n2-7. Study the history of wrestling.\\nWWE wrestlers need to be fans of the product. The WWE Network has an enormous archive of original content available online for cheap, including every pay-per-view event ever, but check out other VOD sources and YouTube to find the classics of the territory days, and try to keep up with what's going on in the current indy promotions as well.\\nWatch WCW's great cruiserweight matches with Sting and Vader, as well as classics by Dean Malenko, Eddy Guerrero, and Rey Mysterio Jr.\\nWatch Sandman, Raven, and Tommy Dreamer tear it up in the wild days of ECW.\\nCheck out NWA classics from the 70s and 80s to see Harley Race, Tully Blanchard, Dusty Rhodes and Ric Flair in their prime.\\nWatch Verne Gagne, Mad Dog Vachon, Nick Bockwinkel, and Larry Zbyszko go head to head in AWA.\\nLots of current and former wrestlers have podcasts, which include lots of wrestlers talking about the details of the wrestling business and telling stories. It's a great way to learn about what it takes. Check out podcasts by Colt Cabana, Jim Ross, and Steve Austin for a good perspective on the art of pro wrestling.\\n3. Joining WWE\\n3-1. Wrestle for an independent promotion for a while.\\nWrestlers who try out for WWE need at least 3-5 years of pro wrestling experience. The only wrestlers who go immediately into the WWE are recruited from amateur college wrestling programs or other athletics. Most other wrestlers get started wrestling for some kind of promotion other than the WWE and climb their way through the ranks. Here's a list of regional independent promotions, some of which have training schools as well:\\nRing of Honor\\nDragon Force\\nGlobal Force Wrestling\\nAAA\\nAEW\\nNWA\\nPro Wrestling Guerilla\\nCombat Zone Wrestling\\n3-2. Hit the road.\\nSmaller promotions will hire wrestlers who have received training. Many wrestlers start making a living by traveling between promotions in the region, doing a few shows at a time and gradually making connections in the business. Start getting yourself booked in as many territories as possible and working your way between them.\\nIn the United States, the northeast is especially friendly to pro wrestling shows and indie wrestlers. Start working the circuit in your area.\\n3-3. Market yourself.\\nGo into business for yourself. Meet as many other wrestlers and promoters as you can and let them know that you're in the business of wrestling. Make yourself available to make appearance at shows of any kind, and try to get as many gigs as possible.\\nPrint up and start selling your own merch at events. This is an excellent way to start coming up with some extra money, as well as to get to know other sides of the business. Think about what kind of a shirt people will be likely to buy. Then wrestle in it and sell it after the show.\\nMake up highlight packages of your matches. Start marketing your skills and your abilities in the squared circle by compiling highlight reels of your abilities. Load these up onto YouTube, or a personal website of your own.\\n3-4. Go to a WWE tryout.\\nOn the WWE website is a career page, which regularly posts job openings in a variety of different departments. Jobs include production, writing, and talent. Regional tryouts are held occasionally, where wrestlers may show off in an attempt to get the recruiters' attention. These tryouts will be posted on the WWE site and held at the NXT facility in Orlando, FL.\\nAccording to some estimates, WWE gets as many as 2000 unsolicited wrestler applications every single week. You can send video and press to World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. Attention: Talent Relations, 1241 East Main Street, Stamford, CT 06902. It's very difficult to get a foot in the door this way.\\nAnother way to try out for WWE is to tryout for their reality program, called Tough Enough. The show follows wrestlers who compete for a contract with WWE. The Miz, Ryback, and Big E were all contestants on Tough Enough.\\n3-5. Put in your time in NXT.\\nAlmost all new recruits are sent to NXT, which is the training facility and wrestling promotion located in Orlando, FL, before joining the main WWE roster. There, you'll take promo classes, learn the details of TV production and working the camera, and hone your craft even more with some of the best wrestlers from around the world.\\nAt any given time, there are roughly 70 trainees signed to NXT, 10-15 of whom are featured on the NXT programming on the WWE network. Of them, maybe 5 or so from any given group will come to the main roster. NXT has produced such wrestlers as Dean Ambrose, Bray Wyatt, Seth Rollins, Roman Reigns, and Neville.\\n3-6. Stand out from the crowd.\\nThe only sure way to make it to the main WWE roster? Shine. There's an \\\"it\\\" factor that every wrestler needs to have. It's something that can't be taught. You've got to have the charisma that will make people want to watch you, buy your merch, and follow your career. Find some way to distinguish yourself from the rest of the wrestlers on the card and take your spot.\\nThere's no one way to be, because it's about being different. Daniel Bryan fits nobody's mold of what a WWE wrestler should look like or act like, but he is a huge superstar because of his \\\"every man\\\" style. Find yours.\\nTips\\nWatch WWE shows to get some new moves to be better and try the moves so you know how to do them.\\nAlways start with the basics to tire your opponents out.\\nGet a soft thing to wrestle at like a mattress or a teddy/wrestling dummy.\\nWarnings\\nNever, under any circumstances, try wrestling moves at home.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"What'cha gonna do, brother? If you want to be a World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) superstar, you've got to have a unique combination of athletic skills, looks, and acting abilities. It's a total package. You can learn to train your body and mind. Give yourself the best chance to compete on the grandest stage of them all.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting in Shape\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Play football\", \"描述\": \"Professional wrestlers come from all kinds of athletic backgrounds. WWE talent scouts recruit new wrestlers based on a criteria of athleticism, charisma, coachability, etc. Athletes are encouraged to apply on their recruiting website WWEPerformanceCenter.com for a chance to be invited to an upcoming tryout. \\nThe Rock, \\\"Stone Cold\\\" Steve Austin, Bray Wyatt and Roman Reigns all got their start on the football field, not in the squared circle.\\nOther notable stars including Brock Lesnar, Kurt Angle, and Dolph Ziggler, started out as skilled amateur wrestlers before signing deals with WWE.\\nWrestlers like CM Punk, Chris Jericho, Seth Rollins, and The Hardy Boyz didn't come from athletic backgrounds. Instead, they received training at private wrestling schools, then joined indy wrestling promotions and got good enough to get WWE's attention.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start strength-training\", \"描述\": \"How did Ryback get so ripped? Hitting the weights at the age of 12. WWE wrestlers need to be strong enough to pick up a 200+ pound brawler and slam him to the mat safely. Even if you want to be a high-flyer or a mat-wrestler, you need to be strong. Focus on building strength in your upper body, your core, and your legs.\\nWhile wrestlers used to look like beer-drinking bar-room brawlers, most wrestlers these days have bodybuilder muscles. It takes serious commitment to diet and exercise if you want to be in the WWE.\\nJoin a gym and consult a personal trainer if you want to get into WWE shape. Wrestler Triple H also offers a strength and conditioning workout video series you can buy commercially.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Focus on high-intensity cardio\", \"描述\": \"Running around the ring between the ropes, landing flat on your back, and doing hip-tosses That's hard. Wrestling will have you gasping for breath pretty quick if you're not in shape. Pro wrestlers need to be in excellent cardio condition, ready to go 10-20 minutes per match at a fast clip.\\nTry grouping your favorite 5-10 strength workouts and do them in short, timed bursts to introduce some cardio to your strength-training routine. Do as many reps as you can with a manageable weight in 60 seconds, then give yourself 15 seconds of rest before moving to the next workout. Do all 10 exercises before taking a two minutes break, then repeat the circuit twice.\\nFormer pro wrestler \\\"Diamond\\\" Dallas Page leads a wrestling-themed yoga workout that's available commercially, involving low-impact flexibility and cardio exercise. Lots of wrestlers use his method in their training.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take dance classes\", \"描述\": \"Pro wrestling is about learning to move with other people, to make the contest look realistic. Moonsaults, bodyslams, and hurricanranas are a lot more like dancing than they are like actual wrestling. You won't see anyone come off the top rope in an amateur contest or do an RKO, so gymnastics and dance are good ways to get coordinated.\\nLearning to tumble and take bumps will be part of your wrestling training, but you'll be a much faster learner if you've got experience doing flips and learning to spot yourself. It's an excellent way to build a foundation.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take acting classes\", \"描述\": \"The Rock didn't become a movie star by accident. Wrestlers have to be great actors, learning to sell moves and tell a convincing and compelling story in the ring. Even if you've got a ripped bod and a killer finishing move, nobody's going to care if you can't talk on the microphone.\\nPromos used to be improvised in the days of the Hulkster. Now, memorizing lines is a part of the routine in the WWE. If you want to be on TV, you're going to have to learn to read a script and memorize your lines.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Eat a clean diet\", \"描述\": \"A common joke among pro wrestlers is that they eat nothing but grilled chicken breasts, steamed broccoli, and brown rice. Even though you might be on the road 300 days a year, it's not going to be all hamburgers and french fries. You've got to commit to eating a diet rich in lean proteins, vitamin-rich vegetables, and slow-digesting carbohydrates, to keep your body working for you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learning the Art of Wrestling\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Join a private wrestling school.\", \"描述\": \"Learning to do pro wrestling moves needs to happen in person, taught by a wrestling instructor in a proper wrestling ring. Wrestling schools and academies are available in most regions, offering 6-week courses and other packages for interested wrestlers. The best of these will sometimes be offered spots in local promotions.\\nLots of notable wrestling schools are run by former wrestlers. Shawn Michaels, Lance Storm, Devon and Bubba Ray Dudley, Harley Race, and Killer Kowalski all run esteemed wrestling schools in the US, from which many WWE superstars have graduated.\\nLikewise, many indie promotions like Ring of Honor and Ohio Valley Wrestling also offer training programs.\\nNever, under any circumstances, should you start practicing the wrestling moves you see on television, when you're at home. Done incorrectly, those moves can be deadly.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn to take bumps.\", \"描述\": \"The big secret to those devastating moves that look like they really hurt? They actually really hurt. Pro wrestlers learn to fall properly, however, to control those falls and protect their heads and necks from more serious injury. While landing flat on your back will never feel great, in training you'll learn to do it safely. Other skills you'll learn in wrestling school involve:\\nLocking up\\nStriking\\nRunning the ropes\\nChain wrestling\\nTaking specific moves\\nCommunicating in the ring\\nSelling other wrestlers' moves\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn to make your matches dramatic.\", \"描述\": \"Like a good movie, a good wrestling match isn't all shoot-outs and love scenes, even though those might be the best parts. Matches need to be paced properly, mixing high spots and low spots to create drama for the audience. Learning how to do this is one of the most difficult but important parts of learning the art of wrestling.\\nContrary to popular belief, most wrestling matches aren't actually scripted move-for-move. Lots of the bigger spots and the finish is usually planned out, but getting from point A to point B will usually be called in the ring.\\nTalk to older and more experienced wrestlers. Take every opportunity to work with them yourself if you want to learn about match pacing. Most beginners rush, going from move to move pretty quickly. Slowing down is a skill that you'll gain with time and effort.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Build a unique character.\", \"描述\": \"Pro wrestling characters are usually flamboyant, over-the-top, larger-than-life personas. Regular guys named Terry and James became Hulk Hogan and the Ultimate Warrior when they set foot in the ring. Connect with a crowd by developing a kind of character they'll be able to relate to if you're a babyface, or despise if you're a heel.\\nGood characters are usually just amplified versions of your real personality. John Cena could really freestyle rap before he became the Doctor of Thuganomics, and Chris Jericho, the Ayatollah of Rock 'n Rolla, really is the singer in a band.\\nCharacter traits are sometimes called \\\"gimmicks\\\" in pro wrestling. Even if you're wrestling under your regular name, you need a good gimmick or prop. Think of Bret Hart's leather jacket and pink sunglasses, or Shawn Michaels' sparkly chaps.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Learn to talk well on the mic.\", \"描述\": \"Remember: The wins and losses don't matter. Wrestlers aren't always great because they're the best wrestlers. Some of them just talk so charismatically, they get you to believe they are. Study the work of some promo masters, like Ric Flair, The Rock, Chris Jericho, Paul Heyman, and Randy Savage to learn how to talk smack with the best of them.\\nPractice talking in front of the mirror, perfecting the mannerisms and movements of your character. Become someone else and commit to as wide a range of emotions as possible.\\nGood catchphrases are important for wrestlers, but cutting an intense promo about your upcoming match is even more important. You can practice promos any time. Pick a wrestler you hate and practice talking in the mirror. Talk how you're going to rip his head off this coming Sunday. Make it intense. Make it entertaining.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Learn to do the job.\", \"描述\": \"Being a good pro wrestler isn't about winning the most matches, or being the strongest person in the world. It's about getting the crowd interested in your matches enough to want to see you win, or lose. It's a performance, and sometimes the performance won't involve you getting the win.\\nPro wrestlers usually work as \\\"heels\\\" or \\\"babyfaces.\\\" If you're a heel, your job is to make the crowd hate you so much they'll pay good money to see you get a beat-down. If you're a babyface, your job is to be sympathetic with the crowd, so they'll want to see you do the beating. Not everyone can be a babyface.\\nSome wrestlers do pretty much nothing but lose. When you first get started, you'll probably be doing \\\"jobs\\\" for more experienced wrestlers. It's a great opportunity to learn the ins and outs of the business. Try to keep your ego out of it.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Study the history of wrestling.\", \"描述\": \"WWE wrestlers need to be fans of the product. The WWE Network has an enormous archive of original content available online for cheap, including every pay-per-view event ever, but check out other VOD sources and YouTube to find the classics of the territory days, and try to keep up with what's going on in the current indy promotions as well.\\nWatch WCW's great cruiserweight matches with Sting and Vader, as well as classics by Dean Malenko, Eddy Guerrero, and Rey Mysterio Jr.\\nWatch Sandman, Raven, and Tommy Dreamer tear it up in the wild days of ECW.\\nCheck out NWA classics from the 70s and 80s to see Harley Race, Tully Blanchard, Dusty Rhodes and Ric Flair in their prime.\\nWatch Verne Gagne, Mad Dog Vachon, Nick Bockwinkel, and Larry Zbyszko go head to head in AWA.\\nLots of current and former wrestlers have podcasts, which include lots of wrestlers talking about the details of the wrestling business and telling stories. It's a great way to learn about what it takes. Check out podcasts by Colt Cabana, Jim Ross, and Steve Austin for a good perspective on the art of pro wrestling.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Joining WWE\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wrestle for an independent promotion for a while.\", \"描述\": \"Wrestlers who try out for WWE need at least 3-5 years of pro wrestling experience. The only wrestlers who go immediately into the WWE are recruited from amateur college wrestling programs or other athletics. Most other wrestlers get started wrestling for some kind of promotion other than the WWE and climb their way through the ranks. Here's a list of regional independent promotions, some of which have training schools as well:\\nRing of Honor\\nDragon Force\\nGlobal Force Wrestling\\nAAA\\nAEW\\nNWA\\nPro Wrestling Guerilla\\nCombat Zone Wrestling\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Hit the road.\", \"描述\": \"Smaller promotions will hire wrestlers who have received training. Many wrestlers start making a living by traveling between promotions in the region, doing a few shows at a time and gradually making connections in the business. Start getting yourself booked in as many territories as possible and working your way between them.\\nIn the United States, the northeast is especially friendly to pro wrestling shows and indie wrestlers. Start working the circuit in your area.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Market yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Go into business for yourself. Meet as many other wrestlers and promoters as you can and let them know that you're in the business of wrestling. Make yourself available to make appearance at shows of any kind, and try to get as many gigs as possible.\\nPrint up and start selling your own merch at events. This is an excellent way to start coming up with some extra money, as well as to get to know other sides of the business. Think about what kind of a shirt people will be likely to buy. Then wrestle in it and sell it after the show.\\nMake up highlight packages of your matches. Start marketing your skills and your abilities in the squared circle by compiling highlight reels of your abilities. Load these up onto YouTube, or a personal website of your own.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Go to a WWE tryout.\", \"描述\": \"On the WWE website is a career page, which regularly posts job openings in a variety of different departments. Jobs include production, writing, and talent. Regional tryouts are held occasionally, where wrestlers may show off in an attempt to get the recruiters' attention. These tryouts will be posted on the WWE site and held at the NXT facility in Orlando, FL.\\nAccording to some estimates, WWE gets as many as 2000 unsolicited wrestler applications every single week. You can send video and press to World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. Attention: Talent Relations, 1241 East Main Street, Stamford, CT 06902. It's very difficult to get a foot in the door this way.\\nAnother way to try out for WWE is to tryout for their reality program, called Tough Enough. The show follows wrestlers who compete for a contract with WWE. The Miz, Ryback, and Big E were all contestants on Tough Enough.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Put in your time in NXT.\", \"描述\": \"Almost all new recruits are sent to NXT, which is the training facility and wrestling promotion located in Orlando, FL, before joining the main WWE roster. There, you'll take promo classes, learn the details of TV production and working the camera, and hone your craft even more with some of the best wrestlers from around the world.\\nAt any given time, there are roughly 70 trainees signed to NXT, 10-15 of whom are featured on the NXT programming on the WWE network. Of them, maybe 5 or so from any given group will come to the main roster. NXT has produced such wrestlers as Dean Ambrose, Bray Wyatt, Seth Rollins, Roman Reigns, and Neville.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Stand out from the crowd.\", \"描述\": \"The only sure way to make it to the main WWE roster? Shine. There's an \\\"it\\\" factor that every wrestler needs to have. It's something that can't be taught. You've got to have the charisma that will make people want to watch you, buy your merch, and follow your career. Find some way to distinguish yourself from the rest of the wrestlers on the card and take your spot.\\nThere's no one way to be, because it's about being different. Daniel Bryan fits nobody's mold of what a WWE wrestler should look like or act like, but he is a huge superstar because of his \\\"every man\\\" style. Find yours.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Watch WWE shows to get some new moves to be better and try the moves so you know how to do them.\\n\", \"Always start with the basics to tire your opponents out.\\n\", \"Get a soft thing to wrestle at like a mattress or a teddy/wrestling dummy.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Never, under any circumstances, try wrestling moves at home.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,870 |
How to Become a Warrant Officer
|
1. Starting Off
1-1. Learn about the career path.
As a warrant officer, you're part of the technical foundation of the US army. Specializing in a particular area like aviation or military police, you would be responsible for training soldiers for missions and helping army personnel advance in their career specialties.
As a warrant officer, you spend your career developing a level of expertise in a certain field. This places you in a leadership role that will always have relevance in the army. There are many tangible benefits of the Army National Guard, such as a steady income, healthcare, life insurance, and retirement planning.
The career is good for longterm stability and income. However, as you'll need to have up-to-date information regarding technical aspects of army training, there will be continual training throughout your career. You may have to spend time away from your home or family at training sessions.
1-2. Get in physical shape.
In order to become a warrant officer, you'll first need to join the Army National Guard. Enlisting in the army means you'll need to be in top physical shape. There are a number of fitness exams you'll need to pass during your initial army training and later on when applying to become a warrant officer.
Join in a gym and work on both cardiovascular fitness and weight lifting. You'll need to have both stamina as well as basic strength to become a member of an army.
Consider hiring a personal trainer or talking to your doctor before starting a fitness program. If you are currently sedentary or otherwise out of shape, you'll need to start working out gradually and build your strength. A doctor or trainer can take stock of your current physical health and provide workout recommendations and fitness goals for you.
1-3. Join the Army.
In order to become a warrant officer, you will first need to serve in the Army. The necessary length of your service varies based on what Military Occupation Speciality you go into when you apply to become a warrant officer.
You can enlist in the Army when you reach 17 years old. You must be between 17 and 35 years-old to enlist. Education wise, you should be at least a junior in high school or have a GED.
You must be a U.S citizen or permanent resident.
You must meet the moral, physical, and medical requirements. You can review the National Guard's website for further details of physical and medical requirements. A height/weight chart is provided online to gauge whether you would qualify. You may have to gain or lose weight to meet requirements. A medical exam is usually conducted sometime during the application process to make sure you don't have any medical problems that would disqualify you for service.
1-4. Complete basic training.
Once you've enlisted in the Army, you'll undergo an intensive 10-week basic training program. Make sure to prepare physically and emotionally for the commitment.
To prepare for basic training, know what you are and are not allowed to bring to training. There is a Basic Training Essential checklist on the Army website that keeps up-to-date information regarding the necessary supplies. Make sure you inform your school or employer that you will be away and get any necessary leaves of absences. Any unresolved legal or financial issues should be resolved before you leave for training.
During basic training, you'll be trained in all the necessary skills for combat. Training is physically and emotionally demanding, but by the end of training you will be well prepared for an army related career. At the end of training, you'll be required to pass the Army Physical Fitness Test.
Once you complete basic training, you will receive advanced individualized training. The duration and details of this training depend on what area of military operations you choose as a specialization.
2. Applying
2-1. Learn the basic requirements.
As you begin your service in the Army National Guard, familiarize yourself with the basic requirements needed to become a warrant officer. In addition to passing the Army Physical Fitness test in basic training, there are other requirements necessary if you want to become a warrant officer.
The education requirements are the same for the Army National Guard. No additional education is needed beyond high school. However, as becoming a warrant officer requires a great deal of technical skill a degree in an engineering field related to your specialization could help. For example, if you want to become a flight warrant officer consider a bachelor's degree in something like aviation technology.
You must be between 18 and 33 at the time you apply. You must also be a US citizen.
You must have at least 12 months remaining on your enlistment contract to apply.
You will once again have to complete a physical exam to assure you meet all medical and physical requirements.
2-2. Score high on the necessary tests.
There are a number of standardized issued by the Army National Guard to assess your level of expertise in a variety of areas. Depending on the specialization you're going into, you'll need to score high on these tests.
Regardless of specialization, all warrant officers need a score of at least 110 on the Armed Forces Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) exam. Waivers may be available for this exam if you have a long history of service.
If you're aiming to become a Flight Warrant Officer, you will have to take the Selection Instrument for Flight Training (SIFT) test. Qualify scores change with time, so consult the Army National Guard website for information about what score you should aim for. You cannot retake the SIFT test and scores indefinitely valid. No waivers are available for this exam.
2-3. Decide on a Military Occupation Specialty (MOS).
As your precise career path and training is dependent on your military occupation specialty, you must decide what area you want to specialize in before applying. Choose an MOS for which you are qualified and that you have an active interest in.
The most common MOS is for a 153A aviator position. This requires no prior skill or training. However, you do have to have at least 20/50 distance vision that is correctable to 20/20 with glasses or contacts.
All other specializations require 4 to 6 years of experience in a field that's highly related to your specialization. You can browse all specializations and their specific requirements on the Army National Guard website.
2-4. Start your application.
You can download the warrant officer application guide on the Army National Guard website. This extensive document provides an overview of all necessary forms, information, and other components of your application and walks you through the process. It also provides details on the training you can expect to receive if your application is accepted.
2-5. Submit the application to your commanding officer.
Applicants must meet the specific experience and education requirements for their chosen specialty to receive consideration. How long it takes to hear back on an application varies depending on the specialization you chose.
3. Completing Training
3-1. Complete Warrant Officer Candidate School.
If your application is accepted, you will have to attend Warrant Officer Candidate school. This is a seven week course, similar in its intensity to basic training, where you learn the necessary technical and physical skills required to become a warrant officer. You will be stationed in Alabama during training. Training is a combination of experiential and classroom learning.
3-2. Complete any necessary MOS training.
Depending on your speciality, you will need further training after the initial seven weeks. The type and duration of training varies based on your MOS. For more specific information, consult the Army National Guard website.
3-3. Keep up to date throughout your career.
As a warrant officer, you'll need to be a technical expert in your field. Make sure you continue your education as required by the Army National Guard. Additional training and schooling will be necessary throughout your career as the army changes and adapts.
Tips
Do not submit incomplete applications. Avoid submitting stapled copies, double sided copies or report covers. Minor errors can result in your application being rejected or delayed.
Warnings
Extensive background checks are performed on each applicant.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:03",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Starting Off\\n1-1. Learn about the career path.\\nAs a warrant officer, you're part of the technical foundation of the US army. Specializing in a particular area like aviation or military police, you would be responsible for training soldiers for missions and helping army personnel advance in their career specialties.\\nAs a warrant officer, you spend your career developing a level of expertise in a certain field. This places you in a leadership role that will always have relevance in the army. There are many tangible benefits of the Army National Guard, such as a steady income, healthcare, life insurance, and retirement planning.\\nThe career is good for longterm stability and income. However, as you'll need to have up-to-date information regarding technical aspects of army training, there will be continual training throughout your career. You may have to spend time away from your home or family at training sessions.\\n1-2. Get in physical shape.\\nIn order to become a warrant officer, you'll first need to join the Army National Guard. Enlisting in the army means you'll need to be in top physical shape. There are a number of fitness exams you'll need to pass during your initial army training and later on when applying to become a warrant officer.\\nJoin in a gym and work on both cardiovascular fitness and weight lifting. You'll need to have both stamina as well as basic strength to become a member of an army.\\nConsider hiring a personal trainer or talking to your doctor before starting a fitness program. If you are currently sedentary or otherwise out of shape, you'll need to start working out gradually and build your strength. A doctor or trainer can take stock of your current physical health and provide workout recommendations and fitness goals for you.\\n1-3. Join the Army.\\nIn order to become a warrant officer, you will first need to serve in the Army. The necessary length of your service varies based on what Military Occupation Speciality you go into when you apply to become a warrant officer.\\nYou can enlist in the Army when you reach 17 years old. You must be between 17 and 35 years-old to enlist. Education wise, you should be at least a junior in high school or have a GED.\\nYou must be a U.S citizen or permanent resident.\\nYou must meet the moral, physical, and medical requirements. You can review the National Guard's website for further details of physical and medical requirements. A height/weight chart is provided online to gauge whether you would qualify. You may have to gain or lose weight to meet requirements. A medical exam is usually conducted sometime during the application process to make sure you don't have any medical problems that would disqualify you for service.\\n1-4. Complete basic training.\\nOnce you've enlisted in the Army, you'll undergo an intensive 10-week basic training program. Make sure to prepare physically and emotionally for the commitment.\\nTo prepare for basic training, know what you are and are not allowed to bring to training. There is a Basic Training Essential checklist on the Army website that keeps up-to-date information regarding the necessary supplies. Make sure you inform your school or employer that you will be away and get any necessary leaves of absences. Any unresolved legal or financial issues should be resolved before you leave for training.\\nDuring basic training, you'll be trained in all the necessary skills for combat. Training is physically and emotionally demanding, but by the end of training you will be well prepared for an army related career. At the end of training, you'll be required to pass the Army Physical Fitness Test.\\nOnce you complete basic training, you will receive advanced individualized training. The duration and details of this training depend on what area of military operations you choose as a specialization.\\n2. Applying\\n2-1. Learn the basic requirements.\\nAs you begin your service in the Army National Guard, familiarize yourself with the basic requirements needed to become a warrant officer. In addition to passing the Army Physical Fitness test in basic training, there are other requirements necessary if you want to become a warrant officer.\\nThe education requirements are the same for the Army National Guard. No additional education is needed beyond high school. However, as becoming a warrant officer requires a great deal of technical skill a degree in an engineering field related to your specialization could help. For example, if you want to become a flight warrant officer consider a bachelor's degree in something like aviation technology.\\nYou must be between 18 and 33 at the time you apply. You must also be a US citizen.\\nYou must have at least 12 months remaining on your enlistment contract to apply.\\nYou will once again have to complete a physical exam to assure you meet all medical and physical requirements.\\n2-2. Score high on the necessary tests.\\nThere are a number of standardized issued by the Army National Guard to assess your level of expertise in a variety of areas. Depending on the specialization you're going into, you'll need to score high on these tests.\\nRegardless of specialization, all warrant officers need a score of at least 110 on the Armed Forces Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) exam. Waivers may be available for this exam if you have a long history of service.\\nIf you're aiming to become a Flight Warrant Officer, you will have to take the Selection Instrument for Flight Training (SIFT) test. Qualify scores change with time, so consult the Army National Guard website for information about what score you should aim for. You cannot retake the SIFT test and scores indefinitely valid. No waivers are available for this exam.\\n2-3. Decide on a Military Occupation Specialty (MOS).\\nAs your precise career path and training is dependent on your military occupation specialty, you must decide what area you want to specialize in before applying. Choose an MOS for which you are qualified and that you have an active interest in.\\nThe most common MOS is for a 153A aviator position. This requires no prior skill or training. However, you do have to have at least 20/50 distance vision that is correctable to 20/20 with glasses or contacts.\\nAll other specializations require 4 to 6 years of experience in a field that's highly related to your specialization. You can browse all specializations and their specific requirements on the Army National Guard website.\\n2-4. Start your application.\\nYou can download the warrant officer application guide on the Army National Guard website. This extensive document provides an overview of all necessary forms, information, and other components of your application and walks you through the process. It also provides details on the training you can expect to receive if your application is accepted.\\n2-5. Submit the application to your commanding officer.\\nApplicants must meet the specific experience and education requirements for their chosen specialty to receive consideration. How long it takes to hear back on an application varies depending on the specialization you chose.\\n3. Completing Training\\n3-1. Complete Warrant Officer Candidate School.\\nIf your application is accepted, you will have to attend Warrant Officer Candidate school. This is a seven week course, similar in its intensity to basic training, where you learn the necessary technical and physical skills required to become a warrant officer. You will be stationed in Alabama during training. Training is a combination of experiential and classroom learning.\\n3-2. Complete any necessary MOS training.\\nDepending on your speciality, you will need further training after the initial seven weeks. The type and duration of training varies based on your MOS. For more specific information, consult the Army National Guard website.\\n3-3. Keep up to date throughout your career.\\nAs a warrant officer, you'll need to be a technical expert in your field. Make sure you continue your education as required by the Army National Guard. Additional training and schooling will be necessary throughout your career as the army changes and adapts.\\nTips\\nDo not submit incomplete applications. Avoid submitting stapled copies, double sided copies or report covers. Minor errors can result in your application being rejected or delayed.\\nWarnings\\nExtensive background checks are performed on each applicant.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The Warrant Officer (WO) administers, maintains, operates and manages equipment that requires advanced and specialized training. Becoming a warrant officer is a long term commitment. You will need to be an active member of the Army when applying and pass a variety of exams and physical tests.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Starting Off\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn about the career path.\", \"描述\": \"As a warrant officer, you're part of the technical foundation of the US army. Specializing in a particular area like aviation or military police, you would be responsible for training soldiers for missions and helping army personnel advance in their career specialties.\\nAs a warrant officer, you spend your career developing a level of expertise in a certain field. This places you in a leadership role that will always have relevance in the army. There are many tangible benefits of the Army National Guard, such as a steady income, healthcare, life insurance, and retirement planning.\\nThe career is good for longterm stability and income. However, as you'll need to have up-to-date information regarding technical aspects of army training, there will be continual training throughout your career. You may have to spend time away from your home or family at training sessions.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get in physical shape.\", \"描述\": \"In order to become a warrant officer, you'll first need to join the Army National Guard. Enlisting in the army means you'll need to be in top physical shape. There are a number of fitness exams you'll need to pass during your initial army training and later on when applying to become a warrant officer.\\nJoin in a gym and work on both cardiovascular fitness and weight lifting. You'll need to have both stamina as well as basic strength to become a member of an army.\\nConsider hiring a personal trainer or talking to your doctor before starting a fitness program. If you are currently sedentary or otherwise out of shape, you'll need to start working out gradually and build your strength. A doctor or trainer can take stock of your current physical health and provide workout recommendations and fitness goals for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Join the Army.\", \"描述\": \"In order to become a warrant officer, you will first need to serve in the Army. The necessary length of your service varies based on what Military Occupation Speciality you go into when you apply to become a warrant officer.\\nYou can enlist in the Army when you reach 17 years old. You must be between 17 and 35 years-old to enlist. Education wise, you should be at least a junior in high school or have a GED.\\nYou must be a U.S citizen or permanent resident.\\nYou must meet the moral, physical, and medical requirements. You can review the National Guard's website for further details of physical and medical requirements. A height/weight chart is provided online to gauge whether you would qualify. You may have to gain or lose weight to meet requirements. A medical exam is usually conducted sometime during the application process to make sure you don't have any medical problems that would disqualify you for service.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Complete basic training.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've enlisted in the Army, you'll undergo an intensive 10-week basic training program. Make sure to prepare physically and emotionally for the commitment.\\nTo prepare for basic training, know what you are and are not allowed to bring to training. There is a Basic Training Essential checklist on the Army website that keeps up-to-date information regarding the necessary supplies. Make sure you inform your school or employer that you will be away and get any necessary leaves of absences. Any unresolved legal or financial issues should be resolved before you leave for training.\\nDuring basic training, you'll be trained in all the necessary skills for combat. Training is physically and emotionally demanding, but by the end of training you will be well prepared for an army related career. At the end of training, you'll be required to pass the Army Physical Fitness Test.\\nOnce you complete basic training, you will receive advanced individualized training. The duration and details of this training depend on what area of military operations you choose as a specialization.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Applying\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn the basic requirements.\", \"描述\": \"As you begin your service in the Army National Guard, familiarize yourself with the basic requirements needed to become a warrant officer. In addition to passing the Army Physical Fitness test in basic training, there are other requirements necessary if you want to become a warrant officer.\\nThe education requirements are the same for the Army National Guard. No additional education is needed beyond high school. However, as becoming a warrant officer requires a great deal of technical skill a degree in an engineering field related to your specialization could help. For example, if you want to become a flight warrant officer consider a bachelor's degree in something like aviation technology.\\nYou must be between 18 and 33 at the time you apply. You must also be a US citizen.\\nYou must have at least 12 months remaining on your enlistment contract to apply.\\nYou will once again have to complete a physical exam to assure you meet all medical and physical requirements.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Score high on the necessary tests.\", \"描述\": \"There are a number of standardized issued by the Army National Guard to assess your level of expertise in a variety of areas. Depending on the specialization you're going into, you'll need to score high on these tests.\\nRegardless of specialization, all warrant officers need a score of at least 110 on the Armed Forces Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) exam. Waivers may be available for this exam if you have a long history of service.\\nIf you're aiming to become a Flight Warrant Officer, you will have to take the Selection Instrument for Flight Training (SIFT) test. Qualify scores change with time, so consult the Army National Guard website for information about what score you should aim for. You cannot retake the SIFT test and scores indefinitely valid. No waivers are available for this exam.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Decide on a Military Occupation Specialty (MOS).\", \"描述\": \"As your precise career path and training is dependent on your military occupation specialty, you must decide what area you want to specialize in before applying. Choose an MOS for which you are qualified and that you have an active interest in.\\nThe most common MOS is for a 153A aviator position. This requires no prior skill or training. However, you do have to have at least 20/50 distance vision that is correctable to 20/20 with glasses or contacts.\\nAll other specializations require 4 to 6 years of experience in a field that's highly related to your specialization. You can browse all specializations and their specific requirements on the Army National Guard website.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Start your application.\", \"描述\": \"You can download the warrant officer application guide on the Army National Guard website. This extensive document provides an overview of all necessary forms, information, and other components of your application and walks you through the process. It also provides details on the training you can expect to receive if your application is accepted.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Submit the application to your commanding officer.\", \"描述\": \"Applicants must meet the specific experience and education requirements for their chosen specialty to receive consideration. How long it takes to hear back on an application varies depending on the specialization you chose.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Completing Training\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete Warrant Officer Candidate School.\", \"描述\": \"If your application is accepted, you will have to attend Warrant Officer Candidate school. This is a seven week course, similar in its intensity to basic training, where you learn the necessary technical and physical skills required to become a warrant officer. You will be stationed in Alabama during training. Training is a combination of experiential and classroom learning.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Complete any necessary MOS training.\", \"描述\": \"Depending on your speciality, you will need further training after the initial seven weeks. The type and duration of training varies based on your MOS. For more specific information, consult the Army National Guard website.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep up to date throughout your career.\", \"描述\": \"As a warrant officer, you'll need to be a technical expert in your field. Make sure you continue your education as required by the Army National Guard. Additional training and schooling will be necessary throughout your career as the army changes and adapts.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Do not submit incomplete applications. Avoid submitting stapled copies, double sided copies or report covers. Minor errors can result in your application being rejected or delayed.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Extensive background checks are performed on each applicant.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,871 |
How to Become a Warrior
|
1. Steps
1-1. Learn.
You have to learn about a lot of different subjects and skills to do this. Here are some of them:
Combat: You should know either a basic martial art or a way to defend yourself. Consider taking a self-defense class. A warrior always knows hand-to-hand combat. Try thinking about taking a Krav Maga Class. Krav Maga is an Israeli Martial Art that incorporates tons of stuff in. You can learn more by doing a search on Google or Yahoo.
Disguise: Sure, warriors charge all the time, but sometimes, warriors also know stealth & disguise. We will talk about stealth later. For basic camouflage, try to blend in either with the crowd or with the environment. Wear what everybody else is wearing.
Stealth: Learn how to walk silently by having a friend help you. Have him stand in the middle of the room with his eyes closed as you try to sneak by him. As soon as you become proficient at this, try to sneak up on animals that have more sensitive hearing.
1-2. Train.
You have to be physically fit and healthy at the same time. To get that impression of a warrior, weight-lift. A lot. Also be sure to run at least 3–5 miles (4.8–8.0 km) a day. You never know when you'll have to chase somebody through a crowded city street. And on that note try to learn basic parkour, and always remember to start out slow and work your way up.
1-3. Practice and work hard on your strategies.
If you want to be a warrior you'll have practice hard and plan on improving your strategies. Learn new techniques to develop your combating skills.
1-4. Train like a warrior.
Look at workouts online and a 7 minute workout app is brill. Press-ups and sit ups will do though
1-5. Do not give up, ever.
Giving up is not the way of a warrior. You'll have to last till the end even if you are not strong. You should concentrate only on your training and thus only can you improve.
1-6. Live your life as a warrior from the crack of dawn to midnight.
including, eggs, ham, vegetables, milk or orange juice, and any other healthy stuff you can find around your kitchen. For lunch, eat some grilled meat or a deli sandwich with some potatoes and an apple or banana for desert. The key here is to eat healthy.
Tips
A true warrior is fearless. Do not let anything stand in your way.
Try to learn survival skills. Better safe then sorry.
Be courageous.
Warnings
You can customize the physical program to your own level, but remember, doing the same thing all the time won't do you any good.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:04",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Learn.\\nYou have to learn about a lot of different subjects and skills to do this. Here are some of them:\\nCombat: You should know either a basic martial art or a way to defend yourself. Consider taking a self-defense class. A warrior always knows hand-to-hand combat. Try thinking about taking a Krav Maga Class. Krav Maga is an Israeli Martial Art that incorporates tons of stuff in. You can learn more by doing a search on Google or Yahoo.\\nDisguise: Sure, warriors charge all the time, but sometimes, warriors also know stealth & disguise. We will talk about stealth later. For basic camouflage, try to blend in either with the crowd or with the environment. Wear what everybody else is wearing.\\nStealth: Learn how to walk silently by having a friend help you. Have him stand in the middle of the room with his eyes closed as you try to sneak by him. As soon as you become proficient at this, try to sneak up on animals that have more sensitive hearing.\\n1-2. Train.\\nYou have to be physically fit and healthy at the same time. To get that impression of a warrior, weight-lift. A lot. Also be sure to run at least 3–5 miles (4.8–8.0 km) a day. You never know when you'll have to chase somebody through a crowded city street. And on that note try to learn basic parkour, and always remember to start out slow and work your way up.\\n1-3. Practice and work hard on your strategies.\\nIf you want to be a warrior you'll have practice hard and plan on improving your strategies. Learn new techniques to develop your combating skills.\\n1-4. Train like a warrior.\\nLook at workouts online and a 7 minute workout app is brill. Press-ups and sit ups will do though\\n1-5. Do not give up, ever.\\nGiving up is not the way of a warrior. You'll have to last till the end even if you are not strong. You should concentrate only on your training and thus only can you improve.\\n1-6. Live your life as a warrior from the crack of dawn to midnight.\\nincluding, eggs, ham, vegetables, milk or orange juice, and any other healthy stuff you can find around your kitchen. For lunch, eat some grilled meat or a deli sandwich with some potatoes and an apple or banana for desert. The key here is to eat healthy.\\nTips\\nA true warrior is fearless. Do not let anything stand in your way.\\nTry to learn survival skills. Better safe then sorry.\\nBe courageous.\\nWarnings\\nYou can customize the physical program to your own level, but remember, doing the same thing all the time won't do you any good.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you want to be a warrior, read on. Remember that this a way of life and you cannot do this overnight.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn.\", \"描述\": \"You have to learn about a lot of different subjects and skills to do this. Here are some of them:\\nCombat: You should know either a basic martial art or a way to defend yourself. Consider taking a self-defense class. A warrior always knows hand-to-hand combat. Try thinking about taking a Krav Maga Class. Krav Maga is an Israeli Martial Art that incorporates tons of stuff in. You can learn more by doing a search on Google or Yahoo.\\nDisguise: Sure, warriors charge all the time, but sometimes, warriors also know stealth & disguise. We will talk about stealth later. For basic camouflage, try to blend in either with the crowd or with the environment. Wear what everybody else is wearing.\\nStealth: Learn how to walk silently by having a friend help you. Have him stand in the middle of the room with his eyes closed as you try to sneak by him. As soon as you become proficient at this, try to sneak up on animals that have more sensitive hearing.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Train.\", \"描述\": \"You have to be physically fit and healthy at the same time. To get that impression of a warrior, weight-lift. A lot. Also be sure to run at least 3–5 miles (4.8–8.0 km) a day. You never know when you'll have to chase somebody through a crowded city street. And on that note try to learn basic parkour, and always remember to start out slow and work your way up.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice and work hard on your strategies.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to be a warrior you'll have practice hard and plan on improving your strategies. Learn new techniques to develop your combating skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Train like a warrior.\", \"描述\": \"Look at workouts online and a 7 minute workout app is brill. Press-ups and sit ups will do though\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Do not give up, ever.\", \"描述\": \"Giving up is not the way of a warrior. You'll have to last till the end even if you are not strong. You should concentrate only on your training and thus only can you improve.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Live your life as a warrior from the crack of dawn to midnight.\", \"描述\": \"including, eggs, ham, vegetables, milk or orange juice, and any other healthy stuff you can find around your kitchen. For lunch, eat some grilled meat or a deli sandwich with some potatoes and an apple or banana for desert. The key here is to eat healthy.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"A true warrior is fearless. Do not let anything stand in your way.\\n\", \"Try to learn survival skills. Better safe then sorry.\\n\", \"Be courageous.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"You can customize the physical program to your own level, but remember, doing the same thing all the time won't do you any good.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,872 |
How to Become a Web Developer
|
1. Understanding What is Required to Become a Web Developer
1-1. Know what employers are looking for.
Most companies wishing to hire a web developer will advertise for a person who has several qualifications.
Many employers will want a web developer to hold a Bachelors degree in computer science.
Computer science degrees prepare an individual by teaching them the skills needed for web development: programming, web design, database management, networking, and mathematics.
In lieu of getting a degree, many web developers hold professional certifications. You can obtain these from community colleges, continuing education services, and several technology companies.
For example, Microsoft offers a web development training course that requires you to pass an exam and hold 2-3 years of work experience.
While having a degree or certification is most desirable, there are many freelance web developers in the market who are building successful business.
1-2. Understand what computer skills you need to become a web developer.
Being able to design a basic website is the bare minimum you will need to be able to do.
You need to know how the web works and how to program.
There are many different programming languages that a good web developer should have knowledge of. You will need to know how to code in different programming languages and when to use them.
New programming languages and interfaces are appearing everyday. You need to keep up with the trends in technology to move forward in this field.
You will need to know some basic aspects of design: color theory, grid blocking, fonts etc.
While your job isn't primarily to design graphics, you should know how to make a website or app look attractive and be user friendly at the same time.
1-3. Understand that web development is a very demanding career.
You will need to have the interpersonal skills to relate to clients as well as to handle stress and a busy work environment.
Interpersonal skills are a very important aspect of the field of web development. You will be interfacing with clients, co-workers and companies on a daily basis.
Knowing how to handle a person who is impatient or who doesn't understand technology is essential.
You may be dealing with difficult clients or people who need some extra help in learning how to use the technology you are developing.
You will also need stress management and time management skills. Being a web developer is very demanding.
You may be working on several projects at a time and have hard deadlines.
2. Learning About Programming Languages
2-1. Understand the purpose and function of programming languages and platforms.
Without these, the web and other programs wouldn't function properly.
Programming languages and platforms are what developers use to create applications, scripts, or other sets of instructions for computers to follow.
There are dozens of different programming languages.
Each language uses a different platform or program to write scripts, programs, and instructions.
2-2. Become familiar with HTML.
This is one of the simplest and most commonly used programming languages for websites.
Most people can learn the basics of HTML in an afternoon using one of the many online tutorials available.
HTML is a language that consists of multiple short codes are typed into a text document. It has its own grammar and syntax just like any language.
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.
Hypertext is the method by which you move around the internet. You click on a link, which is hypertext that directs you from one page to another.
When you write in HTML, you will use a series of tags. These tags tell the text what to do: be italicized, link to another page, be a bulleted point etc.
When you write HTML in a text file, it is then saved as an html file. This file is then opened by a browser, like Google Chrome or Firefox.
Your browser reads the file and translates your code into visual form. That's the website you see.
To utilize HTML, you can use a simple text editor or a powerful HTML editing tool like HTML Kit.
Other programming languages work similarly, but use different syntax and tags. Other languages are available for more complicated types of webpages.
2-3. Learn about Java.
This is a very commonly used programming language for web developers.
The main goal of Java is to allow web developers to write a script or set of instructions for an application.
This language allows application writers to "write once, run anywhere".
Some popular websites that use this language are Netflix, Edmunds and Zappos.
Some of the most popular tools for writing and coding in Java are JSON and CORE.
2-4. Develop skills using NET/ C#.
This is essential if you work on Microsoft based systems.
This programming language was created for Microsoft platforms.
Popular websites that use this as a development tool are ExactTarget, Comcast, and XBOX.
Development tools that will help you write in NET/C# are Flippy, SQL Helper, Imagehandler, and CodeSmith.
Other tools that can check your code and help to run your apps more smoothly are FxCop, Regulator, NUnit, and NDoc.
2-5. Think about learning PHP.
This is another language that is especially suited for web development.
It is the most commonly used scripting language.
This language allows web developers to write quickly. This language is more flexible in its code than others.
Facebook, Tumblr, and Wikipedia utilize PHP as their programming language.
Some of the top tools for using PHP are Slim.PHP, Secureimage, and Webgrind.
Other tools for PHP include, but aren't limited to, Scavenger, PHP DOX, and PHP_Debug. Multiple testers, debuggers, and documenters are available for use with PHP.
2-6. Consider developing skills in writing C++ code.
This language is mostly used for systems programming.
This programming language is easy to use and has flexibility in its code.
Popular websites that use C++ are JPMorgan Chase, DIRECTTV, and Sony.
There are multiple tools that can help you code in C++, such as Doxygen, Graphviz, and Mscgen.
Eclipse is another popular tool for using C++.
2-7. Learn how to code in Python.
This is a very popular coding language used by many popular websites.
Python is a programming language known for its ease of use that allows developers to quickly create code and integrate systems.
This language has programming syntax that is easy to read and follow. This reduces the cost of program maintenance.
Some of the websites that you probably use everyday are Python based, such as Google and Youtube.
Some of the tools you can try for working with Python are Komodo Edit IDE, PyCharm IDE, and Eclipse with PyDev.
3. Learning about Graphic Design
3-1. Understand the basics of graphics on a webpage.
Most web developers don't do their own graphic design, but its important to know the basics.
You should know how to crop a graphic, resize it, change color scheme, and add text.
There are many different graphic and photo editing apps and programs for you to use.
Each has their own interface and methods.
While most web developers at larger companies don't do the graphic design for apps and pages, its important to have a good general sense of basic graphic editing.
Many web developers will end up doing some basic graphic editing, especially at smaller firms or if they are self-employed.
3-2. Download free graphic editing software.
This will allow you to practice and get oriented with simple graphic editing.
Free editing software suites such as GIMP and Inkscape are available for download.
There are number of online tutorial for GIMP and Inkscape.
These free editing software packages allow you to do the basics of graphic and photo editing.
With GIMP and Inkscape you can crop and resize a photo or graphic, add shapes and text, remove red-eye and change the colors of your graphic.
3-3. Practice adding images to a website.
Create a simple website based on a topic you are interested in.
Use your HTML coding skills to place simple images and graphics onto the website.
Use GIMP or Inkscape to edit the images.
Check the website to see how changes in your images affect the way the site looks.
You will have to practice and play with options to find out the ways you prefer to edit images.
Once you have a client, you should be able to edit images and graphics according to their needs.
Make it easy for visitors to understand, use, and interact with your website. Use images and designs to simplify your webpage.
4. Advertising Your Skills
4-1. Plan several websites.
This is something that you can show potential clients to demonstrate your skills.
You should make several different types of websites: one for displaying images such as artwork or photos and videos, one for a business and another for a blog, hobby, or interest.
These types of websites are what you will commonly encounter as a web developer.
Create a mock business page including the type of business it is, what products and services are sold, images of potential work, a products and services page, and contact page.
Make your own personal website, including what types of programming you are familiar with, your rates, and links to any websites you have worked on or created.
This will allow clients to see your work.
Build a blog site where users can use an interface to add content.
Work with various languages so your potential clients can see what you can work with.
4-2. Make business cards.
Hand them out at events.
Make sure you have a link to a personal or business website for your freelance web development.
Provide contact information on your card.
Provide links to websites you have worked on so potential clients can see your work.
4-3. Beef up your social media presence.
Create a page about your business and what kinds of web development you specialize in.
Just like a business website, this is a very important step in getting business for yourself.
Try making a Facebook page for your business, and include what types of programming you can do, your rates for services, and your contact information.
Create a Twitter account and give updates and links to sites you are working on.
Make sure you have a Google + page or blog about what you are working on and doing with web development.
Use LinkedIn to communicate with other industry professionals.
4-4. Advertise online and in newspapers.
Once you are comfortable with doing a wide range of web development services, you should advertise widely.
Make an ad on Craigslist under the Services page for your area.
Make sure to include links to sites you have worked on and some contact information.
Try taking an ad out in local newspapers and magazines.
This might get your business some local development from local social groups, charities, and business owners looking to build or improve their websites.
5. Getting A Job as A Web Developer
5-1. Prepare and update your curriculum vitae or resume.
Include any experience, even voluntary, that you have designing and programming for websites or apps.
It is important that you are honest when developing your CV. Don't include false experience or exaggerate.
Steer clear of industry jargon and buzzwords. Present clearly what your experience is with out using words such as "synergy" or "creative".
Include testimonials of your work and links to code or websites you have developed.
Have a friend or colleague review your CV before you apply to jobs.
Put your CV online after it has been completed or updated. Try using sites like LinkedIn or Career 2.0.
Ask any industry connections you have to look at your CV to see if they know of any opportunities.
5-2. Put some of the code you have written online.
An online presence for a web developer is vital to a successful career.
Put out a side project onto collaborative sites like GitHub.
Contribute to open sourced projects on GitHub and similar websites.
A prospective employer who sees that a candidate works with others on a web project in their spare time will be an attractive potential employee.
Put your highest quality code on your online profiles.
Once you have written some code or contributed to a project, you can put this on your CV.
You could also start a blog about projects you are working on or trends in web development. Put a link to this on you CV. Potential employers will often look to see if a candidate is keeping up to date on trends and projects in the field.
5-3. Research tech companies.
Especially if you are contacted by a recruiter or have applied to a specific job, it is important to know the ins and outs of a company.
Know how long a company has been in operation.
Make sure you understand the goals and mission of the company.
Become familiar with the companies products or services.
A potential employer won't want to interview someone who clearly does not know what his company does or how they operate.
5-4. Spend time on technical tests.
Many companies will want you to take a technical competency test before or after an interview.
Take this seriously, even if the task seems trivial.
Companies will want to see if you can code in a particular language or develop a specific type of website.
Put as much effort into the exam as you can. You will want to make sure you don't have any errors in your code and that it compiles correctly.
Use an online test to deploy your code for the test. This will show a potential employer that you know how to deploy code you have written.
5-5. Go to any interviews prepared.
Do some of your own research about the company climate.
You should try to deduce what the company dress code is, the hours required, and if you will need to travel.
Arrive 15 minutes early for an interview. This will show you are punctual and have time management skills.
Prepare several questions of your own to ask an interviewer. You should ask questions about the work environment, company culture, what types of projects you will be expected to work on etc.
Going to an interview with questions about the job is a good indicator to an employer that you have thought carefully about the interview and the job.
Avoid common interview pitfalls. Don't ask about salary or badmouth past employers and colleagues. Don't exaggerate your experience when asked about projects you have worked on.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:04",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Understanding What is Required to Become a Web Developer\\n1-1. Know what employers are looking for.\\nMost companies wishing to hire a web developer will advertise for a person who has several qualifications. \\nMany employers will want a web developer to hold a Bachelors degree in computer science.\\nComputer science degrees prepare an individual by teaching them the skills needed for web development: programming, web design, database management, networking, and mathematics.\\nIn lieu of getting a degree, many web developers hold professional certifications. You can obtain these from community colleges, continuing education services, and several technology companies.\\nFor example, Microsoft offers a web development training course that requires you to pass an exam and hold 2-3 years of work experience.\\nWhile having a degree or certification is most desirable, there are many freelance web developers in the market who are building successful business.\\n1-2. Understand what computer skills you need to become a web developer.\\nBeing able to design a basic website is the bare minimum you will need to be able to do. \\nYou need to know how the web works and how to program.\\nThere are many different programming languages that a good web developer should have knowledge of. You will need to know how to code in different programming languages and when to use them.\\nNew programming languages and interfaces are appearing everyday. You need to keep up with the trends in technology to move forward in this field.\\nYou will need to know some basic aspects of design: color theory, grid blocking, fonts etc.\\nWhile your job isn't primarily to design graphics, you should know how to make a website or app look attractive and be user friendly at the same time.\\n1-3. Understand that web development is a very demanding career.\\nYou will need to have the interpersonal skills to relate to clients as well as to handle stress and a busy work environment.\\nInterpersonal skills are a very important aspect of the field of web development. You will be interfacing with clients, co-workers and companies on a daily basis.\\nKnowing how to handle a person who is impatient or who doesn't understand technology is essential.\\nYou may be dealing with difficult clients or people who need some extra help in learning how to use the technology you are developing.\\nYou will also need stress management and time management skills. Being a web developer is very demanding.\\nYou may be working on several projects at a time and have hard deadlines.\\n2. Learning About Programming Languages\\n2-1. Understand the purpose and function of programming languages and platforms.\\nWithout these, the web and other programs wouldn't function properly. \\nProgramming languages and platforms are what developers use to create applications, scripts, or other sets of instructions for computers to follow.\\nThere are dozens of different programming languages.\\nEach language uses a different platform or program to write scripts, programs, and instructions.\\n2-2. Become familiar with HTML.\\nThis is one of the simplest and most commonly used programming languages for websites. \\nMost people can learn the basics of HTML in an afternoon using one of the many online tutorials available.\\nHTML is a language that consists of multiple short codes are typed into a text document. It has its own grammar and syntax just like any language.\\nHTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.\\nHypertext is the method by which you move around the internet. You click on a link, which is hypertext that directs you from one page to another.\\nWhen you write in HTML, you will use a series of tags. These tags tell the text what to do: be italicized, link to another page, be a bulleted point etc.\\nWhen you write HTML in a text file, it is then saved as an html file. This file is then opened by a browser, like Google Chrome or Firefox.\\nYour browser reads the file and translates your code into visual form. That's the website you see.\\nTo utilize HTML, you can use a simple text editor or a powerful HTML editing tool like HTML Kit.\\nOther programming languages work similarly, but use different syntax and tags. Other languages are available for more complicated types of webpages.\\n2-3. Learn about Java.\\nThis is a very commonly used programming language for web developers. \\nThe main goal of Java is to allow web developers to write a script or set of instructions for an application.\\nThis language allows application writers to \\\"write once, run anywhere\\\".\\nSome popular websites that use this language are Netflix, Edmunds and Zappos.\\nSome of the most popular tools for writing and coding in Java are JSON and CORE.\\n2-4. Develop skills using NET/ C#.\\nThis is essential if you work on Microsoft based systems. \\nThis programming language was created for Microsoft platforms.\\nPopular websites that use this as a development tool are ExactTarget, Comcast, and XBOX.\\nDevelopment tools that will help you write in NET/C# are Flippy, SQL Helper, Imagehandler, and CodeSmith.\\nOther tools that can check your code and help to run your apps more smoothly are FxCop, Regulator, NUnit, and NDoc.\\n2-5. Think about learning PHP.\\nThis is another language that is especially suited for web development. \\nIt is the most commonly used scripting language. \\nThis language allows web developers to write quickly. This language is more flexible in its code than others. \\nFacebook, Tumblr, and Wikipedia utilize PHP as their programming language.\\nSome of the top tools for using PHP are Slim.PHP, Secureimage, and Webgrind.\\nOther tools for PHP include, but aren't limited to, Scavenger, PHP DOX, and PHP_Debug. Multiple testers, debuggers, and documenters are available for use with PHP.\\n2-6. Consider developing skills in writing C++ code.\\nThis language is mostly used for systems programming. \\nThis programming language is easy to use and has flexibility in its code.\\nPopular websites that use C++ are JPMorgan Chase, DIRECTTV, and Sony.\\nThere are multiple tools that can help you code in C++, such as Doxygen, Graphviz, and Mscgen.\\nEclipse is another popular tool for using C++.\\n2-7. Learn how to code in Python.\\nThis is a very popular coding language used by many popular websites. \\nPython is a programming language known for its ease of use that allows developers to quickly create code and integrate systems.\\nThis language has programming syntax that is easy to read and follow. This reduces the cost of program maintenance. \\nSome of the websites that you probably use everyday are Python based, such as Google and Youtube.\\nSome of the tools you can try for working with Python are Komodo Edit IDE, PyCharm IDE, and Eclipse with PyDev.\\n3. Learning about Graphic Design\\n3-1. Understand the basics of graphics on a webpage.\\nMost web developers don't do their own graphic design, but its important to know the basics. \\nYou should know how to crop a graphic, resize it, change color scheme, and add text.\\nThere are many different graphic and photo editing apps and programs for you to use.\\nEach has their own interface and methods.\\nWhile most web developers at larger companies don't do the graphic design for apps and pages, its important to have a good general sense of basic graphic editing.\\nMany web developers will end up doing some basic graphic editing, especially at smaller firms or if they are self-employed.\\n3-2. Download free graphic editing software.\\nThis will allow you to practice and get oriented with simple graphic editing.\\nFree editing software suites such as GIMP and Inkscape are available for download.\\nThere are number of online tutorial for GIMP and Inkscape. \\nThese free editing software packages allow you to do the basics of graphic and photo editing.\\nWith GIMP and Inkscape you can crop and resize a photo or graphic, add shapes and text, remove red-eye and change the colors of your graphic.\\n3-3. Practice adding images to a website.\\nCreate a simple website based on a topic you are interested in.\\nUse your HTML coding skills to place simple images and graphics onto the website.\\nUse GIMP or Inkscape to edit the images.\\nCheck the website to see how changes in your images affect the way the site looks.\\nYou will have to practice and play with options to find out the ways you prefer to edit images.\\nOnce you have a client, you should be able to edit images and graphics according to their needs.\\nMake it easy for visitors to understand, use, and interact with your website. Use images and designs to simplify your webpage.\\n4. Advertising Your Skills\\n4-1. Plan several websites.\\nThis is something that you can show potential clients to demonstrate your skills.\\nYou should make several different types of websites: one for displaying images such as artwork or photos and videos, one for a business and another for a blog, hobby, or interest.\\nThese types of websites are what you will commonly encounter as a web developer.\\nCreate a mock business page including the type of business it is, what products and services are sold, images of potential work, a products and services page, and contact page.\\nMake your own personal website, including what types of programming you are familiar with, your rates, and links to any websites you have worked on or created.\\nThis will allow clients to see your work.\\nBuild a blog site where users can use an interface to add content.\\nWork with various languages so your potential clients can see what you can work with.\\n4-2. Make business cards.\\nHand them out at events.\\nMake sure you have a link to a personal or business website for your freelance web development.\\nProvide contact information on your card.\\nProvide links to websites you have worked on so potential clients can see your work.\\n4-3. Beef up your social media presence.\\nCreate a page about your business and what kinds of web development you specialize in.\\nJust like a business website, this is a very important step in getting business for yourself.\\nTry making a Facebook page for your business, and include what types of programming you can do, your rates for services, and your contact information.\\nCreate a Twitter account and give updates and links to sites you are working on.\\nMake sure you have a Google + page or blog about what you are working on and doing with web development.\\nUse LinkedIn to communicate with other industry professionals.\\n4-4. Advertise online and in newspapers.\\nOnce you are comfortable with doing a wide range of web development services, you should advertise widely.\\nMake an ad on Craigslist under the Services page for your area.\\nMake sure to include links to sites you have worked on and some contact information.\\nTry taking an ad out in local newspapers and magazines.\\nThis might get your business some local development from local social groups, charities, and business owners looking to build or improve their websites.\\n5. Getting A Job as A Web Developer\\n5-1. Prepare and update your curriculum vitae or resume.\\nInclude any experience, even voluntary, that you have designing and programming for websites or apps. \\nIt is important that you are honest when developing your CV. Don't include false experience or exaggerate.\\nSteer clear of industry jargon and buzzwords. Present clearly what your experience is with out using words such as \\\"synergy\\\" or \\\"creative\\\".\\nInclude testimonials of your work and links to code or websites you have developed.\\nHave a friend or colleague review your CV before you apply to jobs.\\nPut your CV online after it has been completed or updated. Try using sites like LinkedIn or Career 2.0.\\nAsk any industry connections you have to look at your CV to see if they know of any opportunities.\\n5-2. Put some of the code you have written online.\\nAn online presence for a web developer is vital to a successful career. \\nPut out a side project onto collaborative sites like GitHub.\\nContribute to open sourced projects on GitHub and similar websites.\\nA prospective employer who sees that a candidate works with others on a web project in their spare time will be an attractive potential employee.\\nPut your highest quality code on your online profiles.\\nOnce you have written some code or contributed to a project, you can put this on your CV.\\nYou could also start a blog about projects you are working on or trends in web development. Put a link to this on you CV. Potential employers will often look to see if a candidate is keeping up to date on trends and projects in the field.\\n5-3. Research tech companies.\\nEspecially if you are contacted by a recruiter or have applied to a specific job, it is important to know the ins and outs of a company.\\nKnow how long a company has been in operation.\\nMake sure you understand the goals and mission of the company.\\nBecome familiar with the companies products or services.\\nA potential employer won't want to interview someone who clearly does not know what his company does or how they operate.\\n5-4. Spend time on technical tests.\\nMany companies will want you to take a technical competency test before or after an interview.\\nTake this seriously, even if the task seems trivial.\\nCompanies will want to see if you can code in a particular language or develop a specific type of website.\\nPut as much effort into the exam as you can. You will want to make sure you don't have any errors in your code and that it compiles correctly.\\nUse an online test to deploy your code for the test. This will show a potential employer that you know how to deploy code you have written.\\n5-5. Go to any interviews prepared.\\nDo some of your own research about the company climate.\\nYou should try to deduce what the company dress code is, the hours required, and if you will need to travel.\\nArrive 15 minutes early for an interview. This will show you are punctual and have time management skills.\\nPrepare several questions of your own to ask an interviewer. You should ask questions about the work environment, company culture, what types of projects you will be expected to work on etc.\\nGoing to an interview with questions about the job is a good indicator to an employer that you have thought carefully about the interview and the job.\\nAvoid common interview pitfalls. Don't ask about salary or badmouth past employers and colleagues. Don't exaggerate your experience when asked about projects you have worked on.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Web development is a field that is expanding with the introduction of new technologies, such as apps on smartphones and tablets. The demand for people who are familiar with creating new apps and programs is very high.\\nBecoming a web developer is a good strategy for people who are tech savvy, but it will take some work and learning. If you are looking to build a career as a web developer, you will need to learn a set of skills involving programming languages, graphic editing, and marketing.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understanding What is Required to Become a Web Developer\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know what employers are looking for.\", \"描述\": \"Most companies wishing to hire a web developer will advertise for a person who has several qualifications. \\nMany employers will want a web developer to hold a Bachelors degree in computer science.\\nComputer science degrees prepare an individual by teaching them the skills needed for web development: programming, web design, database management, networking, and mathematics.\\nIn lieu of getting a degree, many web developers hold professional certifications. You can obtain these from community colleges, continuing education services, and several technology companies.\\nFor example, Microsoft offers a web development training course that requires you to pass an exam and hold 2-3 years of work experience.\\nWhile having a degree or certification is most desirable, there are many freelance web developers in the market who are building successful business.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understand what computer skills you need to become a web developer.\", \"描述\": \"Being able to design a basic website is the bare minimum you will need to be able to do. \\nYou need to know how the web works and how to program.\\nThere are many different programming languages that a good web developer should have knowledge of. You will need to know how to code in different programming languages and when to use them.\\nNew programming languages and interfaces are appearing everyday. You need to keep up with the trends in technology to move forward in this field.\\nYou will need to know some basic aspects of design: color theory, grid blocking, fonts etc.\\nWhile your job isn't primarily to design graphics, you should know how to make a website or app look attractive and be user friendly at the same time.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understand that web development is a very demanding career.\", \"描述\": \"You will need to have the interpersonal skills to relate to clients as well as to handle stress and a busy work environment.\\nInterpersonal skills are a very important aspect of the field of web development. You will be interfacing with clients, co-workers and companies on a daily basis.\\nKnowing how to handle a person who is impatient or who doesn't understand technology is essential.\\nYou may be dealing with difficult clients or people who need some extra help in learning how to use the technology you are developing.\\nYou will also need stress management and time management skills. Being a web developer is very demanding.\\nYou may be working on several projects at a time and have hard deadlines.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learning About Programming Languages\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understand the purpose and function of programming languages and platforms.\", \"描述\": \"Without these, the web and other programs wouldn't function properly. \\nProgramming languages and platforms are what developers use to create applications, scripts, or other sets of instructions for computers to follow.\\nThere are dozens of different programming languages.\\nEach language uses a different platform or program to write scripts, programs, and instructions.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Become familiar with HTML.\", \"描述\": \"This is one of the simplest and most commonly used programming languages for websites. \\nMost people can learn the basics of HTML in an afternoon using one of the many online tutorials available.\\nHTML is a language that consists of multiple short codes are typed into a text document. It has its own grammar and syntax just like any language.\\nHTML stands for HyperText Markup Language.\\nHypertext is the method by which you move around the internet. You click on a link, which is hypertext that directs you from one page to another.\\nWhen you write in HTML, you will use a series of tags. These tags tell the text what to do: be italicized, link to another page, be a bulleted point etc.\\nWhen you write HTML in a text file, it is then saved as an html file. This file is then opened by a browser, like Google Chrome or Firefox.\\nYour browser reads the file and translates your code into visual form. That's the website you see.\\nTo utilize HTML, you can use a simple text editor or a powerful HTML editing tool like HTML Kit.\\nOther programming languages work similarly, but use different syntax and tags. Other languages are available for more complicated types of webpages.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn about Java.\", \"描述\": \"This is a very commonly used programming language for web developers. \\nThe main goal of Java is to allow web developers to write a script or set of instructions for an application.\\nThis language allows application writers to \\\"write once, run anywhere\\\".\\nSome popular websites that use this language are Netflix, Edmunds and Zappos.\\nSome of the most popular tools for writing and coding in Java are JSON and CORE.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Develop skills using NET/ C#.\", \"描述\": \"This is essential if you work on Microsoft based systems. \\nThis programming language was created for Microsoft platforms.\\nPopular websites that use this as a development tool are ExactTarget, Comcast, and XBOX.\\nDevelopment tools that will help you write in NET/C# are Flippy, SQL Helper, Imagehandler, and CodeSmith.\\nOther tools that can check your code and help to run your apps more smoothly are FxCop, Regulator, NUnit, and NDoc.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Think about learning PHP.\", \"描述\": \"This is another language that is especially suited for web development. \\nIt is the most commonly used scripting language. \\nThis language allows web developers to write quickly. This language is more flexible in its code than others. \\nFacebook, Tumblr, and Wikipedia utilize PHP as their programming language.\\nSome of the top tools for using PHP are Slim.PHP, Secureimage, and Webgrind.\\nOther tools for PHP include, but aren't limited to, Scavenger, PHP DOX, and PHP_Debug. Multiple testers, debuggers, and documenters are available for use with PHP.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Consider developing skills in writing C++ code.\", \"描述\": \"This language is mostly used for systems programming. \\nThis programming language is easy to use and has flexibility in its code.\\nPopular websites that use C++ are JPMorgan Chase, DIRECTTV, and Sony.\\nThere are multiple tools that can help you code in C++, such as Doxygen, Graphviz, and Mscgen.\\nEclipse is another popular tool for using C++.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Learn how to code in Python.\", \"描述\": \"This is a very popular coding language used by many popular websites. \\nPython is a programming language known for its ease of use that allows developers to quickly create code and integrate systems.\\nThis language has programming syntax that is easy to read and follow. This reduces the cost of program maintenance. \\nSome of the websites that you probably use everyday are Python based, such as Google and Youtube.\\nSome of the tools you can try for working with Python are Komodo Edit IDE, PyCharm IDE, and Eclipse with PyDev.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learning about Graphic Design\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understand the basics of graphics on a webpage.\", \"描述\": \"Most web developers don't do their own graphic design, but its important to know the basics. \\nYou should know how to crop a graphic, resize it, change color scheme, and add text.\\nThere are many different graphic and photo editing apps and programs for you to use.\\nEach has their own interface and methods.\\nWhile most web developers at larger companies don't do the graphic design for apps and pages, its important to have a good general sense of basic graphic editing.\\nMany web developers will end up doing some basic graphic editing, especially at smaller firms or if they are self-employed.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Download free graphic editing software.\", \"描述\": \"This will allow you to practice and get oriented with simple graphic editing.\\nFree editing software suites such as GIMP and Inkscape are available for download.\\nThere are number of online tutorial for GIMP and Inkscape. \\nThese free editing software packages allow you to do the basics of graphic and photo editing.\\nWith GIMP and Inkscape you can crop and resize a photo or graphic, add shapes and text, remove red-eye and change the colors of your graphic.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice adding images to a website.\", \"描述\": \"Create a simple website based on a topic you are interested in.\\nUse your HTML coding skills to place simple images and graphics onto the website.\\nUse GIMP or Inkscape to edit the images.\\nCheck the website to see how changes in your images affect the way the site looks.\\nYou will have to practice and play with options to find out the ways you prefer to edit images.\\nOnce you have a client, you should be able to edit images and graphics according to their needs.\\nMake it easy for visitors to understand, use, and interact with your website. Use images and designs to simplify your webpage.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Advertising Your Skills\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Plan several websites.\", \"描述\": \"This is something that you can show potential clients to demonstrate your skills.\\nYou should make several different types of websites: one for displaying images such as artwork or photos and videos, one for a business and another for a blog, hobby, or interest.\\nThese types of websites are what you will commonly encounter as a web developer.\\nCreate a mock business page including the type of business it is, what products and services are sold, images of potential work, a products and services page, and contact page.\\nMake your own personal website, including what types of programming you are familiar with, your rates, and links to any websites you have worked on or created.\\nThis will allow clients to see your work.\\nBuild a blog site where users can use an interface to add content.\\nWork with various languages so your potential clients can see what you can work with.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make business cards.\", \"描述\": \"Hand them out at events.\\nMake sure you have a link to a personal or business website for your freelance web development.\\nProvide contact information on your card.\\nProvide links to websites you have worked on so potential clients can see your work.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Beef up your social media presence.\", \"描述\": \"Create a page about your business and what kinds of web development you specialize in.\\nJust like a business website, this is a very important step in getting business for yourself.\\nTry making a Facebook page for your business, and include what types of programming you can do, your rates for services, and your contact information.\\nCreate a Twitter account and give updates and links to sites you are working on.\\nMake sure you have a Google + page or blog about what you are working on and doing with web development.\\nUse LinkedIn to communicate with other industry professionals.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Advertise online and in newspapers.\", \"描述\": \"Once you are comfortable with doing a wide range of web development services, you should advertise widely.\\nMake an ad on Craigslist under the Services page for your area.\\nMake sure to include links to sites you have worked on and some contact information.\\nTry taking an ad out in local newspapers and magazines.\\nThis might get your business some local development from local social groups, charities, and business owners looking to build or improve their websites.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Getting A Job as A Web Developer\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepare and update your curriculum vitae or resume.\", \"描述\": \"Include any experience, even voluntary, that you have designing and programming for websites or apps. \\nIt is important that you are honest when developing your CV. Don't include false experience or exaggerate.\\nSteer clear of industry jargon and buzzwords. Present clearly what your experience is with out using words such as \\\"synergy\\\" or \\\"creative\\\".\\nInclude testimonials of your work and links to code or websites you have developed.\\nHave a friend or colleague review your CV before you apply to jobs.\\nPut your CV online after it has been completed or updated. Try using sites like LinkedIn or Career 2.0.\\nAsk any industry connections you have to look at your CV to see if they know of any opportunities.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Put some of the code you have written online.\", \"描述\": \"An online presence for a web developer is vital to a successful career. \\nPut out a side project onto collaborative sites like GitHub.\\nContribute to open sourced projects on GitHub and similar websites.\\nA prospective employer who sees that a candidate works with others on a web project in their spare time will be an attractive potential employee.\\nPut your highest quality code on your online profiles.\\nOnce you have written some code or contributed to a project, you can put this on your CV.\\nYou could also start a blog about projects you are working on or trends in web development. Put a link to this on you CV. Potential employers will often look to see if a candidate is keeping up to date on trends and projects in the field.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Research tech companies.\", \"描述\": \"Especially if you are contacted by a recruiter or have applied to a specific job, it is important to know the ins and outs of a company.\\nKnow how long a company has been in operation.\\nMake sure you understand the goals and mission of the company.\\nBecome familiar with the companies products or services.\\nA potential employer won't want to interview someone who clearly does not know what his company does or how they operate.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Spend time on technical tests.\", \"描述\": \"Many companies will want you to take a technical competency test before or after an interview.\\nTake this seriously, even if the task seems trivial.\\nCompanies will want to see if you can code in a particular language or develop a specific type of website.\\nPut as much effort into the exam as you can. You will want to make sure you don't have any errors in your code and that it compiles correctly.\\nUse an online test to deploy your code for the test. This will show a potential employer that you know how to deploy code you have written.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Go to any interviews prepared.\", \"描述\": \"Do some of your own research about the company climate.\\nYou should try to deduce what the company dress code is, the hours required, and if you will need to travel.\\nArrive 15 minutes early for an interview. This will show you are punctual and have time management skills.\\nPrepare several questions of your own to ask an interviewer. You should ask questions about the work environment, company culture, what types of projects you will be expected to work on etc.\\nGoing to an interview with questions about the job is a good indicator to an employer that you have thought carefully about the interview and the job.\\nAvoid common interview pitfalls. Don't ask about salary or badmouth past employers and colleagues. Don't exaggerate your experience when asked about projects you have worked on.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,873 |
How to Become a Webcam Model
|
1. Researching Reputable Companies
1-1. Do a Google search of webcam modeling companies.
Make a list of 3-5 companies you will inquire further about. The legitimacy of companies like LiveJasmin or I-Camz has been backed by many users. However, it is still advisable to thoroughly review each company you might consider working for and to check that the company is indeed reputable.
1-2. Give the company a call or send them an email.
Not only is this a way to get any questions you may have answered, but it’s also a way to see how responsive the company is. A legitimate company will respond to your call promptly or message you back within a few days, whereas a scam will not respond. In fact, scam sites may not even have contact information posted.
1-3. Recognize scams.
Scams are common in the camming industry and could be harmful to you. They could damage your reputation or even threaten your safety. There are several ways you can recognize scams:
Beware of companies that reach out to you first. Legitimate cam sites will advertise, but they will never contact you first. A cold contact through social media, messaging, or email is likely a scam.
Reputable companies will ask for verification that you are over 18 since this is the legal age requirement for adult work of an explicit nature. A scam will not ask for such documentation.
If a company requests nude pictures or an interview via webcam, this is most likely an attempt to get a free show. No legitimate company will ask for such an interview or for nude pictures. Instead, a reputable company will ask for a full-body picture and a headshot.
A company with a registration, application, or processing fee is rarely reputable. If anything, your initial investments will have to do with purchasing a quality webcam, lingerie, or novelty items.
If the company guarantees a certain income, it is most likely a scam. Webcam models make money when customers pay, and that is a variable factor.
The company is most likely a scam if it says it uses PayPal as a payment service. PayPal has a zero-tolerance policy for adult services.
1-4. Inquire about the payment structure.
Typically, users pay tokens - credits or “tips” - which allow them to interact with cam models. Webcam models, in turn, make money when the host site, the middleman, distributes the tips. Every camming company will take a different percentage of the tips, so find out exactly what the rate is. Some sites, for example, will allow you to keep 50-60% of the profits from tips.
You should also find out how frequently you will be paid. Some companies will pay you twice a month, some monthly, a very select few daily. Factor this into your considerations for what company you will sign up with.
Know that as an independent contractor, you will still owe taxes to the IRS. You will have to pay these on your own through quarterly estimated payments or by filing a tax return at the end of the year.
1-5. Evaluate whether the pay is worth the cost.
Being a webcam model involves incurring certain expenses on your part. These can range from buying a variety of outfits and lingerie to purchasing high-definition equipment. Consider whether these are costs you are willing to bear up-front in order to in turn potentially earn money in the long-run.
Making money as a cam model is not guaranteed. You could have days when you don’t make any money. Determine whether this is acceptable to you prior to signing up for a camming website.
1-6. Read reviews written by other models.
You can do this by doing a Google search of camming site reviews. Multiple favorable reviews will likely mean the company can be trusted. However, you should always use your own discretion to determine if this is indeed the case for each particular site you are considering.
You can also watch YouTube videos by webcam models to get their insight into the webcam industry.
2. Signing up to be a Webcam Model
2-1. Meet the age requirement.
You must be age 18 or older to be a webcam model. Any webcam content involving a performer under age 18 is considered child pornography given the often explicit nature of the cam modeling industry.
2-2. Complete an application.
Every company will have a different application process, but all legitimate companies will ask you to fill out the required paperwork. This will include a model contract and release form.
Recall that a reputable company will never ask you for a webcam interview or for nude images.
2-3. Create an account.
Once your paperwork has been processed, you will receive an email notifying you that you can begin to update your profile. This will include choosing a username, which should be simple and easy to remember. A simple username will make it easier to get repeat visitors and is also something you could use to promote yourself on social media sites like Twitter or Instagram.
2-4. Write a description.
This should include information about what you are willing to do on camera as well as any talents you may have, such as dancing or speaking foreign languages. Do not offer to do anything you are not comfortable with. At the same time, know that your willingness to fulfill requests and perform a variety of acts can set you apart and increase your earning potential.
Never reveal any personal information about yourself in your description.
2-5. Upload a profile picture.
This image should be eye-catching and colorful so as to entice viewers to click on your profile. If possible, upload multiple pictures to your profile. Once you upload your images, your profile will go through an approval process. Once approved, you can begin hosting live shows.
2-6. Set your limits.
A live broadcast is your show. You are the one who sets the rules. If you don’t want to show your face, don’t. If you would rather perform without audio, do just that. The same goes for if you don’t want to perform fully nude. You are the one with full control over your broadcast.
2-7. Evaluate the risks involved.
Do this prior to signing up for any camming company. Being a webcam model involves potentially exposing yourself to scams, blackmail, or various forms of exploitation. Furthermore, your videos are accessible by practically anyone and have the potential to remain on the internet forever. Your true identity could also be revealed.
If you fear that somebody you know might stumble across your video or that a potential employer might notice your cam activity, carefully consider whether camming is the right profession for you.
3. Performing Live
3-1. Set up a quality feed.
You can use the camera on your laptop if you have a solid, high-speed internet connection. The better the picture quality, the more users your broadcasts will attract.
If you have dedicated, loyal viewers, you could create a wishlist that includes an HD webcam to improve the quality of your stream. A regular visitor might gift this to you.
Check whether your laptop’s audio and microphone are working well, if applicable.
3-2. Set the stage.
Choose a single area as your workspace and use this as your background every time you broadcast live. You should also set up the room in a way that attracts visitors, so clean the area around you, consider performing in front of a brightly-colored wall, and choose a room with good lighting.
3-3. Prepare your appearance.
Groom as you see fit and dress as you intend to perform. If you want to have a seductive broadcast, choose an alluring outfit. If you want your broadcast to be more casual or low-key, choose an outfit that is less revealing but still cute. If you plan on accepting role-play requests, have a few costumes on hand in case you decide to switch to a private show.
3-4. Create a consistent persona.
If you decide to be a kawaii anime girl, be a kawaii anime girl during every broadcast. You want the vibe in your room to be the same every time users join your broadcast. This will create a feeling of familiarity and comfort which will attract regular users.
By putting users at ease with a consistent persona, loyal viewers will likely tip you generously or help you create an even better page if you don’t have experience with photo editing or HTML.
3-5. Go live.
Be outgoing, smile, and engage in conversation with the users. Talk to them, the goal being to keep them entertained and in your room. Look directly at the camera to create a more intense and realistic connection with your users.
4. Maximizing Profits
4-1. Be extra active during your first week.
Many sites, like I-Camz, will spotlight new models. You can leverage this additional exposure to boost your earnings and to begin establishing a regular clientele.
4-2. Set an earnings goal.
This will allow you to estimate approximately how many hours a week you should be working and how many regular clients you should have so as to obtain your desired income.
4-3. Promote yourself.
You can do this by establishing an active presence on social media. Twitter and Instagram are great ways to extend your fan base and to attract new clients to your page. You could also use Twitter, for example, to announce to followers at what time you’ll be doing a live broadcast that day.
4-4. Set a schedule on your page.
This is a simple yet fantastic way to establish a regular clientele. When clients know at what time you’ll be online, they can log in as well. Be online when you say you will be and you could start to develop regular clients.
Once you have established a regular clientele, you could consider creating a fan club membership with a monthly subscription. This is another way to earn extra cash.
4-5. Be patient.
Becoming a successful webcam model takes time and dedication. Stick to your schedule, be enthusiastic and engaging when doing a live show, and create a connection with your clients. Slowly but surely, you could start earning regular profits.
Warnings
Beware of scams and exploitation. Remove yourself immediately from any online situation which seems dangerous - your safety comes first.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:04",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Researching Reputable Companies\\n1-1. Do a Google search of webcam modeling companies.\\nMake a list of 3-5 companies you will inquire further about. The legitimacy of companies like LiveJasmin or I-Camz has been backed by many users. However, it is still advisable to thoroughly review each company you might consider working for and to check that the company is indeed reputable.\\n1-2. Give the company a call or send them an email.\\nNot only is this a way to get any questions you may have answered, but it’s also a way to see how responsive the company is. A legitimate company will respond to your call promptly or message you back within a few days, whereas a scam will not respond. In fact, scam sites may not even have contact information posted.\\n1-3. Recognize scams.\\nScams are common in the camming industry and could be harmful to you. They could damage your reputation or even threaten your safety. There are several ways you can recognize scams:\\nBeware of companies that reach out to you first. Legitimate cam sites will advertise, but they will never contact you first. A cold contact through social media, messaging, or email is likely a scam.\\nReputable companies will ask for verification that you are over 18 since this is the legal age requirement for adult work of an explicit nature. A scam will not ask for such documentation.\\nIf a company requests nude pictures or an interview via webcam, this is most likely an attempt to get a free show. No legitimate company will ask for such an interview or for nude pictures. Instead, a reputable company will ask for a full-body picture and a headshot.\\nA company with a registration, application, or processing fee is rarely reputable. If anything, your initial investments will have to do with purchasing a quality webcam, lingerie, or novelty items.\\nIf the company guarantees a certain income, it is most likely a scam. Webcam models make money when customers pay, and that is a variable factor.\\nThe company is most likely a scam if it says it uses PayPal as a payment service. PayPal has a zero-tolerance policy for adult services.\\n1-4. Inquire about the payment structure.\\nTypically, users pay tokens - credits or “tips” - which allow them to interact with cam models. Webcam models, in turn, make money when the host site, the middleman, distributes the tips. Every camming company will take a different percentage of the tips, so find out exactly what the rate is. Some sites, for example, will allow you to keep 50-60% of the profits from tips.\\nYou should also find out how frequently you will be paid. Some companies will pay you twice a month, some monthly, a very select few daily. Factor this into your considerations for what company you will sign up with.\\nKnow that as an independent contractor, you will still owe taxes to the IRS. You will have to pay these on your own through quarterly estimated payments or by filing a tax return at the end of the year.\\n1-5. Evaluate whether the pay is worth the cost.\\nBeing a webcam model involves incurring certain expenses on your part. These can range from buying a variety of outfits and lingerie to purchasing high-definition equipment. Consider whether these are costs you are willing to bear up-front in order to in turn potentially earn money in the long-run.\\nMaking money as a cam model is not guaranteed. You could have days when you don’t make any money. Determine whether this is acceptable to you prior to signing up for a camming website.\\n1-6. Read reviews written by other models.\\nYou can do this by doing a Google search of camming site reviews. Multiple favorable reviews will likely mean the company can be trusted. However, you should always use your own discretion to determine if this is indeed the case for each particular site you are considering.\\nYou can also watch YouTube videos by webcam models to get their insight into the webcam industry.\\n2. Signing up to be a Webcam Model\\n2-1. Meet the age requirement.\\nYou must be age 18 or older to be a webcam model. Any webcam content involving a performer under age 18 is considered child pornography given the often explicit nature of the cam modeling industry.\\n2-2. Complete an application.\\nEvery company will have a different application process, but all legitimate companies will ask you to fill out the required paperwork. This will include a model contract and release form.\\nRecall that a reputable company will never ask you for a webcam interview or for nude images.\\n2-3. Create an account.\\nOnce your paperwork has been processed, you will receive an email notifying you that you can begin to update your profile. This will include choosing a username, which should be simple and easy to remember. A simple username will make it easier to get repeat visitors and is also something you could use to promote yourself on social media sites like Twitter or Instagram.\\n2-4. Write a description.\\nThis should include information about what you are willing to do on camera as well as any talents you may have, such as dancing or speaking foreign languages. Do not offer to do anything you are not comfortable with. At the same time, know that your willingness to fulfill requests and perform a variety of acts can set you apart and increase your earning potential.\\nNever reveal any personal information about yourself in your description.\\n2-5. Upload a profile picture.\\nThis image should be eye-catching and colorful so as to entice viewers to click on your profile. If possible, upload multiple pictures to your profile. Once you upload your images, your profile will go through an approval process. Once approved, you can begin hosting live shows.\\n2-6. Set your limits.\\nA live broadcast is your show. You are the one who sets the rules. If you don’t want to show your face, don’t. If you would rather perform without audio, do just that. The same goes for if you don’t want to perform fully nude. You are the one with full control over your broadcast.\\n2-7. Evaluate the risks involved.\\nDo this prior to signing up for any camming company. Being a webcam model involves potentially exposing yourself to scams, blackmail, or various forms of exploitation. Furthermore, your videos are accessible by practically anyone and have the potential to remain on the internet forever. Your true identity could also be revealed.\\nIf you fear that somebody you know might stumble across your video or that a potential employer might notice your cam activity, carefully consider whether camming is the right profession for you.\\n3. Performing Live\\n3-1. Set up a quality feed.\\nYou can use the camera on your laptop if you have a solid, high-speed internet connection. The better the picture quality, the more users your broadcasts will attract.\\nIf you have dedicated, loyal viewers, you could create a wishlist that includes an HD webcam to improve the quality of your stream. A regular visitor might gift this to you.\\nCheck whether your laptop’s audio and microphone are working well, if applicable.\\n3-2. Set the stage.\\nChoose a single area as your workspace and use this as your background every time you broadcast live. You should also set up the room in a way that attracts visitors, so clean the area around you, consider performing in front of a brightly-colored wall, and choose a room with good lighting.\\n3-3. Prepare your appearance.\\nGroom as you see fit and dress as you intend to perform. If you want to have a seductive broadcast, choose an alluring outfit. If you want your broadcast to be more casual or low-key, choose an outfit that is less revealing but still cute. If you plan on accepting role-play requests, have a few costumes on hand in case you decide to switch to a private show.\\n3-4. Create a consistent persona.\\nIf you decide to be a kawaii anime girl, be a kawaii anime girl during every broadcast. You want the vibe in your room to be the same every time users join your broadcast. This will create a feeling of familiarity and comfort which will attract regular users.\\nBy putting users at ease with a consistent persona, loyal viewers will likely tip you generously or help you create an even better page if you don’t have experience with photo editing or HTML.\\n3-5. Go live.\\nBe outgoing, smile, and engage in conversation with the users. Talk to them, the goal being to keep them entertained and in your room. Look directly at the camera to create a more intense and realistic connection with your users.\\n4. Maximizing Profits\\n4-1. Be extra active during your first week.\\nMany sites, like I-Camz, will spotlight new models. You can leverage this additional exposure to boost your earnings and to begin establishing a regular clientele.\\n4-2. Set an earnings goal.\\nThis will allow you to estimate approximately how many hours a week you should be working and how many regular clients you should have so as to obtain your desired income.\\n4-3. Promote yourself.\\nYou can do this by establishing an active presence on social media. Twitter and Instagram are great ways to extend your fan base and to attract new clients to your page. You could also use Twitter, for example, to announce to followers at what time you’ll be doing a live broadcast that day.\\n4-4. Set a schedule on your page.\\nThis is a simple yet fantastic way to establish a regular clientele. When clients know at what time you’ll be online, they can log in as well. Be online when you say you will be and you could start to develop regular clients.\\nOnce you have established a regular clientele, you could consider creating a fan club membership with a monthly subscription. This is another way to earn extra cash.\\n4-5. Be patient.\\nBecoming a successful webcam model takes time and dedication. Stick to your schedule, be enthusiastic and engaging when doing a live show, and create a connection with your clients. Slowly but surely, you could start earning regular profits.\\nWarnings\\nBeware of scams and exploitation. Remove yourself immediately from any online situation which seems dangerous - your safety comes first.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Becoming a webcam model is an option you might consider if you are looking for a way to work from home and earn some extra cash in your spare time. Being a webcam model often involves presenting yourself in an adult or sexual context. With the right amount of dedication and persistence, you could even turn cam modeling into a full-time job. By creating an account, learning how to maximize your visibility, and working for a reputable company, you could become a successful webcam model in no time.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Researching Reputable Companies\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do a Google search of webcam modeling companies.\", \"描述\": \"Make a list of 3-5 companies you will inquire further about. The legitimacy of companies like LiveJasmin or I-Camz has been backed by many users. However, it is still advisable to thoroughly review each company you might consider working for and to check that the company is indeed reputable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Give the company a call or send them an email.\", \"描述\": \"Not only is this a way to get any questions you may have answered, but it’s also a way to see how responsive the company is. A legitimate company will respond to your call promptly or message you back within a few days, whereas a scam will not respond. In fact, scam sites may not even have contact information posted.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Recognize scams.\", \"描述\": \"Scams are common in the camming industry and could be harmful to you. They could damage your reputation or even threaten your safety. There are several ways you can recognize scams:\\nBeware of companies that reach out to you first. Legitimate cam sites will advertise, but they will never contact you first. A cold contact through social media, messaging, or email is likely a scam.\\nReputable companies will ask for verification that you are over 18 since this is the legal age requirement for adult work of an explicit nature. A scam will not ask for such documentation.\\nIf a company requests nude pictures or an interview via webcam, this is most likely an attempt to get a free show. No legitimate company will ask for such an interview or for nude pictures. Instead, a reputable company will ask for a full-body picture and a headshot.\\nA company with a registration, application, or processing fee is rarely reputable. If anything, your initial investments will have to do with purchasing a quality webcam, lingerie, or novelty items.\\nIf the company guarantees a certain income, it is most likely a scam. Webcam models make money when customers pay, and that is a variable factor.\\nThe company is most likely a scam if it says it uses PayPal as a payment service. PayPal has a zero-tolerance policy for adult services.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Inquire about the payment structure.\", \"描述\": \"Typically, users pay tokens - credits or “tips” - which allow them to interact with cam models. Webcam models, in turn, make money when the host site, the middleman, distributes the tips. Every camming company will take a different percentage of the tips, so find out exactly what the rate is. Some sites, for example, will allow you to keep 50-60% of the profits from tips.\\nYou should also find out how frequently you will be paid. Some companies will pay you twice a month, some monthly, a very select few daily. Factor this into your considerations for what company you will sign up with.\\nKnow that as an independent contractor, you will still owe taxes to the IRS. You will have to pay these on your own through quarterly estimated payments or by filing a tax return at the end of the year.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Evaluate whether the pay is worth the cost.\", \"描述\": \"Being a webcam model involves incurring certain expenses on your part. These can range from buying a variety of outfits and lingerie to purchasing high-definition equipment. Consider whether these are costs you are willing to bear up-front in order to in turn potentially earn money in the long-run.\\nMaking money as a cam model is not guaranteed. You could have days when you don’t make any money. Determine whether this is acceptable to you prior to signing up for a camming website.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Read reviews written by other models.\", \"描述\": \"You can do this by doing a Google search of camming site reviews. Multiple favorable reviews will likely mean the company can be trusted. However, you should always use your own discretion to determine if this is indeed the case for each particular site you are considering.\\nYou can also watch YouTube videos by webcam models to get their insight into the webcam industry.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Signing up to be a Webcam Model\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meet the age requirement.\", \"描述\": \"You must be age 18 or older to be a webcam model. Any webcam content involving a performer under age 18 is considered child pornography given the often explicit nature of the cam modeling industry.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Complete an application.\", \"描述\": \"Every company will have a different application process, but all legitimate companies will ask you to fill out the required paperwork. This will include a model contract and release form.\\nRecall that a reputable company will never ask you for a webcam interview or for nude images.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Create an account.\", \"描述\": \"Once your paperwork has been processed, you will receive an email notifying you that you can begin to update your profile. This will include choosing a username, which should be simple and easy to remember. A simple username will make it easier to get repeat visitors and is also something you could use to promote yourself on social media sites like Twitter or Instagram.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Write a description.\", \"描述\": \"This should include information about what you are willing to do on camera as well as any talents you may have, such as dancing or speaking foreign languages. Do not offer to do anything you are not comfortable with. At the same time, know that your willingness to fulfill requests and perform a variety of acts can set you apart and increase your earning potential.\\nNever reveal any personal information about yourself in your description.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Upload a profile picture.\", \"描述\": \"This image should be eye-catching and colorful so as to entice viewers to click on your profile. If possible, upload multiple pictures to your profile. Once you upload your images, your profile will go through an approval process. Once approved, you can begin hosting live shows.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Set your limits.\", \"描述\": \"A live broadcast is your show. You are the one who sets the rules. If you don’t want to show your face, don’t. If you would rather perform without audio, do just that. The same goes for if you don’t want to perform fully nude. You are the one with full control over your broadcast.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Evaluate the risks involved.\", \"描述\": \"Do this prior to signing up for any camming company. Being a webcam model involves potentially exposing yourself to scams, blackmail, or various forms of exploitation. Furthermore, your videos are accessible by practically anyone and have the potential to remain on the internet forever. Your true identity could also be revealed.\\nIf you fear that somebody you know might stumble across your video or that a potential employer might notice your cam activity, carefully consider whether camming is the right profession for you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Performing Live\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set up a quality feed.\", \"描述\": \"You can use the camera on your laptop if you have a solid, high-speed internet connection. The better the picture quality, the more users your broadcasts will attract.\\nIf you have dedicated, loyal viewers, you could create a wishlist that includes an HD webcam to improve the quality of your stream. A regular visitor might gift this to you.\\nCheck whether your laptop’s audio and microphone are working well, if applicable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set the stage.\", \"描述\": \"Choose a single area as your workspace and use this as your background every time you broadcast live. You should also set up the room in a way that attracts visitors, so clean the area around you, consider performing in front of a brightly-colored wall, and choose a room with good lighting.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Prepare your appearance.\", \"描述\": \"Groom as you see fit and dress as you intend to perform. If you want to have a seductive broadcast, choose an alluring outfit. If you want your broadcast to be more casual or low-key, choose an outfit that is less revealing but still cute. If you plan on accepting role-play requests, have a few costumes on hand in case you decide to switch to a private show.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Create a consistent persona.\", \"描述\": \"If you decide to be a kawaii anime girl, be a kawaii anime girl during every broadcast. You want the vibe in your room to be the same every time users join your broadcast. This will create a feeling of familiarity and comfort which will attract regular users.\\nBy putting users at ease with a consistent persona, loyal viewers will likely tip you generously or help you create an even better page if you don’t have experience with photo editing or HTML.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Go live.\", \"描述\": \"Be outgoing, smile, and engage in conversation with the users. Talk to them, the goal being to keep them entertained and in your room. Look directly at the camera to create a more intense and realistic connection with your users.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Maximizing Profits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be extra active during your first week.\", \"描述\": \"Many sites, like I-Camz, will spotlight new models. You can leverage this additional exposure to boost your earnings and to begin establishing a regular clientele.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set an earnings goal.\", \"描述\": \"This will allow you to estimate approximately how many hours a week you should be working and how many regular clients you should have so as to obtain your desired income.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Promote yourself.\", \"描述\": \"You can do this by establishing an active presence on social media. Twitter and Instagram are great ways to extend your fan base and to attract new clients to your page. You could also use Twitter, for example, to announce to followers at what time you’ll be doing a live broadcast that day.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Set a schedule on your page.\", \"描述\": \"This is a simple yet fantastic way to establish a regular clientele. When clients know at what time you’ll be online, they can log in as well. Be online when you say you will be and you could start to develop regular clients.\\nOnce you have established a regular clientele, you could consider creating a fan club membership with a monthly subscription. This is another way to earn extra cash.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be patient.\", \"描述\": \"Becoming a successful webcam model takes time and dedication. Stick to your schedule, be enthusiastic and engaging when doing a live show, and create a connection with your clients. Slowly but surely, you could start earning regular profits.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Beware of scams and exploitation. Remove yourself immediately from any online situation which seems dangerous - your safety comes first.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,874 |
How to Become a Wedding DJ
|
1. Preparing Your New Business
1-1. Shadow a wedding DJ before taking the plunge.
Audio equipment is expensive, so ask to observe a wedding DJ in action (with approval from the bride and groom, of course) before investing time and money in equipment and classes. Make sure that the high-pressure culture of weddings is appealing to you, since you only get one shot to help make that couple’s day perfect!
1-2. Take classes on audio mixing.
Expert-level DJ skills are a must for any successful wedding DJ. Take classes online or at your local community college so that you know how to mix, edit, and match songs flawlessly. DJing a wedding is not for amateurs, since you don’t get a do-over.
Check out tutorials on YouTube so you can learn new DJing skills quickly.
1-3. Make a business plan.
If you plan on making wedding DJing a large part of your income, writing out a business plan is essential. If you plan on being more of a hobbyist, you won’t necessarily need an official business plan - but make sure wedding DJing is right for you, since it can be a stressful job.
1-4. Buy or borrow gear.
You will need a laptop with good mixing software, an outside controller, headphones, and a speaker system. Have backups of cables, speakers, laptop batteries, and other essential parts.
Feel free to buy used gear as it is cheaper, but make sure it works well before using it for a wedding. You can find used gear on Craigslist and going-out-of-business sales for clubs and restaurants.
Some venues have their own PA systems. Verify with the venue what equipment you will need to bring to hook up your DJ software to their speakers.
1-5. Set your rates.
A wedding DJ is usually hired for four hours. Beginner or part-time DJs typically charge $200-300 per four hours, and intermediate DJs with at least a handful of weddings under their belt can charge $400-600. Professional and full-time DJs can charge $1,000-2,000 or more. Increase your rates slowly as you gain more experience.
1-6. Write up a contract.
You can download one from the internet, but make sure you are covered in case of cancellation of the wedding or loss of equipment. Put the contract (with personal details redacted) on your website so couples can see what their obligations are to you before they book with you.
2. Marketing Yourself as a DJ
2-1. Make a website.
If you have previous DJ experience (which hopefully you do!), post professional-quality photos and videos of people enjoying themselves at your past events to gain credibility. Be sure to include contact information on your website, and add more photos and videos as you play more weddings.
2-2. Promote yourself on social media.
Start with Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Make a professional page that’s separate from your personal account where you can post new photos, thank previous clients, and show off how much fun you have DJing!
2-3. Place ads online and in print.
Place an ad on Craigslist and local event planning boards. Send advertisements to local magazines and newspapers to gain visibility. Include your previous DJ experience, the type of equipment you have, and a short blurb about why you’re awesome.
2-4. Tell everyone you know that you’re DJing weddings.
Word-of-mouth will help you get referrals for new clients. Get business cards to hand out whenever someone says the word “wedding.”
2-5. Go to popular venues to get on their DJ list.
Some venues have a list of popular DJs that couples can use if they don’t want to find a DJ on their own. Try to get on as many lists as you can by introducing yourself to the coordinators, giving them your business card, and asking to do an “audition.”
3. Putting Together a Music Library
3-1. Work with the bride and groom to decide songs for the ceremony.
The bride and groom might have a particular song list they want to use for the wedding party processional, bride’s processional, and recessional. If not, send them several tried-and-true options to choose from, such as “First Day of my Life” by Bright Eyes, “Here Comes the Sun” covered by the Sleepy Time Players, and “Make You Feel My Love” by Adele.
If your bride and groom prefer more traditional options, Pachelbel’s Canon in D, Claude Debussy’s “Claire de Lune,” and Bach’s “Air on the G string” are classics.
3-2. Make a cocktail hour, entrance, and dinner playlist.
Great genres for these events include smooth jazz and classical. Match the feel of the music to the atmosphere of the venue.
3-3. Plan out songs for the formal dances.
These include: the father/bride dance, the mother/groom dance, and the first dance as couple. The couple may have songs in mind, but most slow, romantic songs will work. Great options include “When You Need Me” by Bruce Springsteen, “Isn’t She Lovely” by Stevie Wonder, and “Count On Me” by Bruno Mars. Send your list to the couple for approval.
3-4. Create a dance set.
Make sure that it’s at least two hours long, and start with a slow song to get people ready for dancing. Include a wide variety of songs that are suited for every demographic (children, young adults, and older folks). Pick songs that 85% of people would know.
Ask the couple for their list of must-play and don’t-play songs.
Change the genre between each song that so that everyone gets a break sometimes. You want people with different music tastes to have a chance to get a drink, step outside, or talk to the couple while keeping some guests on the dance floor.
4. Being the Master of Ceremonies
4-1. Practice your public speaking.
As a DJ, you’re not only in charge of the music, but also for announcing transitions from one part of the ceremony or reception to the next. Good MCs will use humor and polite, positive language when making announcements.
4-2. Dodge bad requests.
Send the requester for the bride for approval before you play a song that’s questionable. Watch to make sure they talk to the bride before returning to you with a verdict.
If someone requests a song that’s on the don’t-play list, tell them politely and apologetically that the happy couple prohibited that song.
4-3. Announce the last song before you play it.
People want to know when they should be winding down and preparing to say goodbye to the bride and groom.
Tips
Watch your demographics on the dance floor. If you see one demographic sitting for a long period, play a song that gets them up.
Make sure the bride is happy. Watch her closely to make sure she’s having fun. If she looks upset or bored, play a must-play dance song. You want her to get her out of her chair and onto the dance floor at any cost!
Play the clean version. Even if the bride and groom requested the unedited version, keep children and older people on the dance floor (and at the reception!) by playing the profanity-free version instead.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:04",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing Your New Business\\n1-1. Shadow a wedding DJ before taking the plunge.\\nAudio equipment is expensive, so ask to observe a wedding DJ in action (with approval from the bride and groom, of course) before investing time and money in equipment and classes. Make sure that the high-pressure culture of weddings is appealing to you, since you only get one shot to help make that couple’s day perfect!\\n1-2. Take classes on audio mixing.\\nExpert-level DJ skills are a must for any successful wedding DJ. Take classes online or at your local community college so that you know how to mix, edit, and match songs flawlessly. DJing a wedding is not for amateurs, since you don’t get a do-over.\\nCheck out tutorials on YouTube so you can learn new DJing skills quickly.\\n1-3. Make a business plan.\\nIf you plan on making wedding DJing a large part of your income, writing out a business plan is essential. If you plan on being more of a hobbyist, you won’t necessarily need an official business plan - but make sure wedding DJing is right for you, since it can be a stressful job.\\n1-4. Buy or borrow gear.\\nYou will need a laptop with good mixing software, an outside controller, headphones, and a speaker system. Have backups of cables, speakers, laptop batteries, and other essential parts.\\nFeel free to buy used gear as it is cheaper, but make sure it works well before using it for a wedding. You can find used gear on Craigslist and going-out-of-business sales for clubs and restaurants.\\nSome venues have their own PA systems. Verify with the venue what equipment you will need to bring to hook up your DJ software to their speakers.\\n1-5. Set your rates.\\nA wedding DJ is usually hired for four hours. Beginner or part-time DJs typically charge $200-300 per four hours, and intermediate DJs with at least a handful of weddings under their belt can charge $400-600. Professional and full-time DJs can charge $1,000-2,000 or more. Increase your rates slowly as you gain more experience.\\n1-6. Write up a contract.\\nYou can download one from the internet, but make sure you are covered in case of cancellation of the wedding or loss of equipment. Put the contract (with personal details redacted) on your website so couples can see what their obligations are to you before they book with you.\\n2. Marketing Yourself as a DJ\\n2-1. Make a website.\\nIf you have previous DJ experience (which hopefully you do!), post professional-quality photos and videos of people enjoying themselves at your past events to gain credibility. Be sure to include contact information on your website, and add more photos and videos as you play more weddings.\\n2-2. Promote yourself on social media.\\nStart with Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Make a professional page that’s separate from your personal account where you can post new photos, thank previous clients, and show off how much fun you have DJing!\\n2-3. Place ads online and in print.\\nPlace an ad on Craigslist and local event planning boards. Send advertisements to local magazines and newspapers to gain visibility. Include your previous DJ experience, the type of equipment you have, and a short blurb about why you’re awesome.\\n2-4. Tell everyone you know that you’re DJing weddings.\\nWord-of-mouth will help you get referrals for new clients. Get business cards to hand out whenever someone says the word “wedding.”\\n2-5. Go to popular venues to get on their DJ list.\\nSome venues have a list of popular DJs that couples can use if they don’t want to find a DJ on their own. Try to get on as many lists as you can by introducing yourself to the coordinators, giving them your business card, and asking to do an “audition.”\\n3. Putting Together a Music Library\\n3-1. Work with the bride and groom to decide songs for the ceremony.\\nThe bride and groom might have a particular song list they want to use for the wedding party processional, bride’s processional, and recessional. If not, send them several tried-and-true options to choose from, such as “First Day of my Life” by Bright Eyes, “Here Comes the Sun” covered by the Sleepy Time Players, and “Make You Feel My Love” by Adele.\\nIf your bride and groom prefer more traditional options, Pachelbel’s Canon in D, Claude Debussy’s “Claire de Lune,” and Bach’s “Air on the G string” are classics.\\n3-2. Make a cocktail hour, entrance, and dinner playlist.\\nGreat genres for these events include smooth jazz and classical. Match the feel of the music to the atmosphere of the venue.\\n3-3. Plan out songs for the formal dances.\\nThese include: the father/bride dance, the mother/groom dance, and the first dance as couple. The couple may have songs in mind, but most slow, romantic songs will work. Great options include “When You Need Me” by Bruce Springsteen, “Isn’t She Lovely” by Stevie Wonder, and “Count On Me” by Bruno Mars. Send your list to the couple for approval.\\n3-4. Create a dance set.\\nMake sure that it’s at least two hours long, and start with a slow song to get people ready for dancing. Include a wide variety of songs that are suited for every demographic (children, young adults, and older folks). Pick songs that 85% of people would know.\\nAsk the couple for their list of must-play and don’t-play songs.\\nChange the genre between each song that so that everyone gets a break sometimes. You want people with different music tastes to have a chance to get a drink, step outside, or talk to the couple while keeping some guests on the dance floor.\\n4. Being the Master of Ceremonies\\n4-1. Practice your public speaking.\\nAs a DJ, you’re not only in charge of the music, but also for announcing transitions from one part of the ceremony or reception to the next. Good MCs will use humor and polite, positive language when making announcements.\\n4-2. Dodge bad requests.\\nSend the requester for the bride for approval before you play a song that’s questionable. Watch to make sure they talk to the bride before returning to you with a verdict.\\nIf someone requests a song that’s on the don’t-play list, tell them politely and apologetically that the happy couple prohibited that song.\\n4-3. Announce the last song before you play it.\\nPeople want to know when they should be winding down and preparing to say goodbye to the bride and groom.\\nTips\\nWatch your demographics on the dance floor. If you see one demographic sitting for a long period, play a song that gets them up.\\nMake sure the bride is happy. Watch her closely to make sure she’s having fun. If she looks upset or bored, play a must-play dance song. You want her to get her out of her chair and onto the dance floor at any cost!\\nPlay the clean version. Even if the bride and groom requested the unedited version, keep children and older people on the dance floor (and at the reception!) by playing the profanity-free version instead.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A wedding DJ isn’t just someone who spins records, plays music from CDs, or puts on a light show. In addition to being the Master of Ceremonies, a skilled wedding DJ knows how to transition from one part of the wedding to the next, and how to draw the guests out onto the dance floor if they’re stuck in their seats. By carefully planning your business, marketing yourself effectively, and putting together great playlists, you’ll make the event a day to remember!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing Your New Business\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Shadow a wedding DJ before taking the plunge.\", \"描述\": \"Audio equipment is expensive, so ask to observe a wedding DJ in action (with approval from the bride and groom, of course) before investing time and money in equipment and classes. Make sure that the high-pressure culture of weddings is appealing to you, since you only get one shot to help make that couple’s day perfect!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take classes on audio mixing.\", \"描述\": \"Expert-level DJ skills are a must for any successful wedding DJ. Take classes online or at your local community college so that you know how to mix, edit, and match songs flawlessly. DJing a wedding is not for amateurs, since you don’t get a do-over.\\nCheck out tutorials on YouTube so you can learn new DJing skills quickly.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make a business plan.\", \"描述\": \"If you plan on making wedding DJing a large part of your income, writing out a business plan is essential. If you plan on being more of a hobbyist, you won’t necessarily need an official business plan - but make sure wedding DJing is right for you, since it can be a stressful job.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Buy or borrow gear.\", \"描述\": \"You will need a laptop with good mixing software, an outside controller, headphones, and a speaker system. Have backups of cables, speakers, laptop batteries, and other essential parts.\\nFeel free to buy used gear as it is cheaper, but make sure it works well before using it for a wedding. You can find used gear on Craigslist and going-out-of-business sales for clubs and restaurants.\\nSome venues have their own PA systems. Verify with the venue what equipment you will need to bring to hook up your DJ software to their speakers.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Set your rates.\", \"描述\": \"A wedding DJ is usually hired for four hours. Beginner or part-time DJs typically charge $200-300 per four hours, and intermediate DJs with at least a handful of weddings under their belt can charge $400-600. Professional and full-time DJs can charge $1,000-2,000 or more. Increase your rates slowly as you gain more experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Write up a contract.\", \"描述\": \"You can download one from the internet, but make sure you are covered in case of cancellation of the wedding or loss of equipment. Put the contract (with personal details redacted) on your website so couples can see what their obligations are to you before they book with you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Marketing Yourself as a DJ\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make a website.\", \"描述\": \"If you have previous DJ experience (which hopefully you do!), post professional-quality photos and videos of people enjoying themselves at your past events to gain credibility. Be sure to include contact information on your website, and add more photos and videos as you play more weddings.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Promote yourself on social media.\", \"描述\": \"Start with Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Make a professional page that’s separate from your personal account where you can post new photos, thank previous clients, and show off how much fun you have DJing!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Place ads online and in print.\", \"描述\": \"Place an ad on Craigslist and local event planning boards. Send advertisements to local magazines and newspapers to gain visibility. Include your previous DJ experience, the type of equipment you have, and a short blurb about why you’re awesome.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tell everyone you know that you’re DJing weddings.\", \"描述\": \"Word-of-mouth will help you get referrals for new clients. Get business cards to hand out whenever someone says the word “wedding.”\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Go to popular venues to get on their DJ list.\", \"描述\": \"Some venues have a list of popular DJs that couples can use if they don’t want to find a DJ on their own. Try to get on as many lists as you can by introducing yourself to the coordinators, giving them your business card, and asking to do an “audition.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Putting Together a Music Library\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work with the bride and groom to decide songs for the ceremony.\", \"描述\": \"The bride and groom might have a particular song list they want to use for the wedding party processional, bride’s processional, and recessional. If not, send them several tried-and-true options to choose from, such as “First Day of my Life” by Bright Eyes, “Here Comes the Sun” covered by the Sleepy Time Players, and “Make You Feel My Love” by Adele.\\nIf your bride and groom prefer more traditional options, Pachelbel’s Canon in D, Claude Debussy’s “Claire de Lune,” and Bach’s “Air on the G string” are classics.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make a cocktail hour, entrance, and dinner playlist.\", \"描述\": \"Great genres for these events include smooth jazz and classical. Match the feel of the music to the atmosphere of the venue.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Plan out songs for the formal dances.\", \"描述\": \"These include: the father/bride dance, the mother/groom dance, and the first dance as couple. The couple may have songs in mind, but most slow, romantic songs will work. Great options include “When You Need Me” by Bruce Springsteen, “Isn’t She Lovely” by Stevie Wonder, and “Count On Me” by Bruno Mars. Send your list to the couple for approval.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Create a dance set.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure that it’s at least two hours long, and start with a slow song to get people ready for dancing. Include a wide variety of songs that are suited for every demographic (children, young adults, and older folks). Pick songs that 85% of people would know.\\nAsk the couple for their list of must-play and don’t-play songs.\\nChange the genre between each song that so that everyone gets a break sometimes. You want people with different music tastes to have a chance to get a drink, step outside, or talk to the couple while keeping some guests on the dance floor.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Being the Master of Ceremonies\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Practice your public speaking.\", \"描述\": \"As a DJ, you’re not only in charge of the music, but also for announcing transitions from one part of the ceremony or reception to the next. Good MCs will use humor and polite, positive language when making announcements.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Dodge bad requests.\", \"描述\": \"Send the requester for the bride for approval before you play a song that’s questionable. Watch to make sure they talk to the bride before returning to you with a verdict.\\nIf someone requests a song that’s on the don’t-play list, tell them politely and apologetically that the happy couple prohibited that song.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Announce the last song before you play it.\", \"描述\": \"People want to know when they should be winding down and preparing to say goodbye to the bride and groom.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Watch your demographics on the dance floor. If you see one demographic sitting for a long period, play a song that gets them up.\\n\", \"Make sure the bride is happy. Watch her closely to make sure she’s having fun. If she looks upset or bored, play a must-play dance song. You want her to get her out of her chair and onto the dance floor at any cost!\\n\", \"Play the clean version. Even if the bride and groom requested the unedited version, keep children and older people on the dance floor (and at the reception!) by playing the profanity-free version instead.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,875 |
How to Become a Wedding Officiant
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1. Learning the Law
1-1. Check your state’s laws.
A wedding officiant is fulfilling the legal duty of certifying a marriage license so it’s important to understand the law in your state.
Visit your state’s Secretary of State website to see which laws apply.
Some states are very lenient with who can become an officiant, but others require officiants to be a practicing minister with a congregation.
Some states will impose a fine for any marriages officiated illegally.
1-2. Visit or call your local office that issues marriage licenses.
This can be a county clerk, probate court, or town hall. Some counties within a state have different requirements for wedding officiants than others, so it’s a good idea to find out what your county laws are as well.
1-3. Read through your state’s marriage license.
As the officiant of a wedding, it is your job to ensure the people getting married understand what the marriage license means. Thoroughly read through the marriage license and make sure you understand it enough to explain what it means.
2. Becoming Ordained
2-1. Pick a religious organization to get ordained through.
Being ordained means to be appointed as a member of clergy in a religious organization. This makes a person an official representative of the religious organization. Becoming ordained through a religious organization is an important part of becoming a wedding officiant, and it’s required by law in many states. If you are not previously affiliated with a religion, there are many non-denominational or interfaith organizations to choose from.
Many religious organizations will ordain you online, and some will even do it free online. Make sure your state will recognize online ordinations before you choose this route.
Some jurisdictions will not recognize ordinations through certain religious organizations so check your local laws to ensure your ordination will be recognized.
If you want to perform weddings in multiple states, you may have to get ordained from several different organizations depending on the local laws in each state.
2-2. Take the steps to become ordained.
Once you’ve picked the religious organization you want to be ordained through, you need to do the organization’s specific steps to become ordained. Sometimes it’s as easy as filling out a form online, but with others you may have to take a few classes or pay a small fee.
2-3. Check periodically to make sure you’re still ordained.
Many religious organizations only require you to complete the initial process to become ordained and you’re ordained for life, but some require you to periodically update your information. Check to see if the religious organization you chose requires any updating, and if it does, keep up to date with it so you don’t end up performing any illegal ceremonies.
3. Performing the Ceremony
3-1. Meet with the couple getting married.
The first thing to do to officiate a wedding is to sit down with the couple and find out what kind of ceremony they want. You should plan out the ceremony with the couple so that everyone is on the same page.
Does the couple want a long, traditional ceremony with readings from a religious text?
Would the couple rather have a secular ceremony without any religious elements?
Are there people the couple wants to include in the ceremony to sing songs, give readings, or participate in any way?
3-2. Learn about the couple.
As the officiant you’ll be giving a short speech as an introduction and speaking throughout the ceremony to keep it flowing smoothly. Talk to the couple and find out information about them to use in the ceremony.
Find out how the two people met.
Learn what their favorite activities are and what their profession is.
See if there are any fun jokes between them, or if they share a unique experience.
3-3. Practice the ceremony.
On the day of the ceremony, you will be performing it in front of an audience, so it’s a good idea to practice it before the wedding day to make sure things run smoothly. You should write out the ceremony to practice on your own what you’ll be saying, and you should also hold a rehearsal with everyone involved with the ceremony to walk through it unofficially one time.
The rehearsal is usually held at the site of the wedding.
4. Creating a Business
4-1. Name your business and register it.
To make a business officiating weddings, you’ll need to name your business and register it with either your county clerk’s office or your state’s government depending on your state. Your business will be registered as your personal name unless you create a trade or DBA, doing business as, name when you register.
Many people like to use their personal name as part of their business name. For example, you can name your business John Walker’s Wedding Services or Amy’s Wedding Officiants.
4-2. Decide what your fee will be.
Most wedding officiants charge by the hour for their services, but some will have an upcharge if they have to travel a long way for the ceremony. Typically wedding officiants charge between $50 to $100 per hour for their services depending on where they are working.
Typically a wedding officiant will earn around $300 to $400 per wedding.
Officiants in bigger cities like New York can charge more than officiants in a small rural town.
4-3. Collaborate with other professionals.
One way to gain customers is to collaborate with other wedding professionals so you can market a one stop shop for weddings. Find a photographer, videographer, florist, and possibly even a caterer to associate with, and offer couples an easy way to book many aspects of the wedding all at once. When you collaborate with other professionals, you gain the added benefit of all marketing your services together on everyone’s websites giving each person more exposure.
4-4. Market your services.
One great way to market your services as a wedding officiant is to create a website. Most couples will use the internet to search for wedding professionals to contract with, so you want to make sure you have a site for them to find. You can easily build a website by purchasing a domain name and finding a website host that has a template builder. There are also other ways to advertise your new business.
Print business cards with your business name, phone number, and website on them to hand out to people. Keep several business cards on hand at all times because you never know when you’ll run into someone looking for a wedding officiant.
Add your business name to wedding databases.
Get a booth at a wedding trade show to hand out your business card and pamphlets about your services. Make sure you have a fun giveaway for the trade show visitors so they’ll remember you.
Contact wedding venues or wedding planning companies to see if you can keep flyers there or be promoted by them.
Tips
Find a religious organization that will ordain you where you will be recognized to officiate weddings in multiple states.
Do as much research as you can about the laws in your state and local jurisdictions.
If you’re trying to officiate weddings as a job, create a website for yourself to let your services be known. Make sure to include reviews of your services from past couples you’ve married.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:04",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Learning the Law\\n1-1. Check your state’s laws.\\nA wedding officiant is fulfilling the legal duty of certifying a marriage license so it’s important to understand the law in your state.\\nVisit your state’s Secretary of State website to see which laws apply.\\nSome states are very lenient with who can become an officiant, but others require officiants to be a practicing minister with a congregation.\\nSome states will impose a fine for any marriages officiated illegally.\\n1-2. Visit or call your local office that issues marriage licenses.\\nThis can be a county clerk, probate court, or town hall. Some counties within a state have different requirements for wedding officiants than others, so it’s a good idea to find out what your county laws are as well.\\n1-3. Read through your state’s marriage license.\\nAs the officiant of a wedding, it is your job to ensure the people getting married understand what the marriage license means. Thoroughly read through the marriage license and make sure you understand it enough to explain what it means.\\n2. Becoming Ordained\\n2-1. Pick a religious organization to get ordained through.\\nBeing ordained means to be appointed as a member of clergy in a religious organization. This makes a person an official representative of the religious organization. Becoming ordained through a religious organization is an important part of becoming a wedding officiant, and it’s required by law in many states. If you are not previously affiliated with a religion, there are many non-denominational or interfaith organizations to choose from. \\nMany religious organizations will ordain you online, and some will even do it free online. Make sure your state will recognize online ordinations before you choose this route.\\nSome jurisdictions will not recognize ordinations through certain religious organizations so check your local laws to ensure your ordination will be recognized.\\nIf you want to perform weddings in multiple states, you may have to get ordained from several different organizations depending on the local laws in each state.\\n2-2. Take the steps to become ordained.\\nOnce you’ve picked the religious organization you want to be ordained through, you need to do the organization’s specific steps to become ordained. Sometimes it’s as easy as filling out a form online, but with others you may have to take a few classes or pay a small fee.\\n2-3. Check periodically to make sure you’re still ordained.\\nMany religious organizations only require you to complete the initial process to become ordained and you’re ordained for life, but some require you to periodically update your information. Check to see if the religious organization you chose requires any updating, and if it does, keep up to date with it so you don’t end up performing any illegal ceremonies.\\n3. Performing the Ceremony\\n3-1. Meet with the couple getting married.\\nThe first thing to do to officiate a wedding is to sit down with the couple and find out what kind of ceremony they want. You should plan out the ceremony with the couple so that everyone is on the same page.\\nDoes the couple want a long, traditional ceremony with readings from a religious text?\\nWould the couple rather have a secular ceremony without any religious elements?\\nAre there people the couple wants to include in the ceremony to sing songs, give readings, or participate in any way?\\n3-2. Learn about the couple.\\nAs the officiant you’ll be giving a short speech as an introduction and speaking throughout the ceremony to keep it flowing smoothly. Talk to the couple and find out information about them to use in the ceremony.\\nFind out how the two people met.\\nLearn what their favorite activities are and what their profession is.\\nSee if there are any fun jokes between them, or if they share a unique experience.\\n3-3. Practice the ceremony.\\nOn the day of the ceremony, you will be performing it in front of an audience, so it’s a good idea to practice it before the wedding day to make sure things run smoothly. You should write out the ceremony to practice on your own what you’ll be saying, and you should also hold a rehearsal with everyone involved with the ceremony to walk through it unofficially one time.\\nThe rehearsal is usually held at the site of the wedding.\\n4. Creating a Business\\n4-1. Name your business and register it.\\nTo make a business officiating weddings, you’ll need to name your business and register it with either your county clerk’s office or your state’s government depending on your state. Your business will be registered as your personal name unless you create a trade or DBA, doing business as, name when you register.\\nMany people like to use their personal name as part of their business name. For example, you can name your business John Walker’s Wedding Services or Amy’s Wedding Officiants.\\n4-2. Decide what your fee will be.\\nMost wedding officiants charge by the hour for their services, but some will have an upcharge if they have to travel a long way for the ceremony. Typically wedding officiants charge between $50 to $100 per hour for their services depending on where they are working.\\nTypically a wedding officiant will earn around $300 to $400 per wedding.\\nOfficiants in bigger cities like New York can charge more than officiants in a small rural town.\\n4-3. Collaborate with other professionals.\\nOne way to gain customers is to collaborate with other wedding professionals so you can market a one stop shop for weddings. Find a photographer, videographer, florist, and possibly even a caterer to associate with, and offer couples an easy way to book many aspects of the wedding all at once. When you collaborate with other professionals, you gain the added benefit of all marketing your services together on everyone’s websites giving each person more exposure.\\n4-4. Market your services.\\nOne great way to market your services as a wedding officiant is to create a website. Most couples will use the internet to search for wedding professionals to contract with, so you want to make sure you have a site for them to find. You can easily build a website by purchasing a domain name and finding a website host that has a template builder. There are also other ways to advertise your new business.\\nPrint business cards with your business name, phone number, and website on them to hand out to people. Keep several business cards on hand at all times because you never know when you’ll run into someone looking for a wedding officiant.\\nAdd your business name to wedding databases.\\nGet a booth at a wedding trade show to hand out your business card and pamphlets about your services. Make sure you have a fun giveaway for the trade show visitors so they’ll remember you.\\nContact wedding venues or wedding planning companies to see if you can keep flyers there or be promoted by them.\\nTips\\nFind a religious organization that will ordain you where you will be recognized to officiate weddings in multiple states.\\nDo as much research as you can about the laws in your state and local jurisdictions.\\nIf you’re trying to officiate weddings as a job, create a website for yourself to let your services be known. Make sure to include reviews of your services from past couples you’ve married.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A wedding officiant is a person who is acting of the law and certifying a marriage license for a local jurisdiction. This is also the person who performs the wedding ceremony and joins the couple in marriage. Typically, an officiant is ordained by a religious organization to perform the ceremony as a representative of the organization. Many engaged couples want a friend or family member to be the officiant at their wedding to create a more personal ceremony. Becoming an officiant can be an easy process if you do the necessary research.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learning the Law\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check your state’s laws.\", \"描述\": \"A wedding officiant is fulfilling the legal duty of certifying a marriage license so it’s important to understand the law in your state.\\nVisit your state’s Secretary of State website to see which laws apply.\\nSome states are very lenient with who can become an officiant, but others require officiants to be a practicing minister with a congregation.\\nSome states will impose a fine for any marriages officiated illegally.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Visit or call your local office that issues marriage licenses.\", \"描述\": \"This can be a county clerk, probate court, or town hall. Some counties within a state have different requirements for wedding officiants than others, so it’s a good idea to find out what your county laws are as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Read through your state’s marriage license.\", \"描述\": \"As the officiant of a wedding, it is your job to ensure the people getting married understand what the marriage license means. Thoroughly read through the marriage license and make sure you understand it enough to explain what it means.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming Ordained\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pick a religious organization to get ordained through.\", \"描述\": \"Being ordained means to be appointed as a member of clergy in a religious organization. This makes a person an official representative of the religious organization. Becoming ordained through a religious organization is an important part of becoming a wedding officiant, and it’s required by law in many states. If you are not previously affiliated with a religion, there are many non-denominational or interfaith organizations to choose from. \\nMany religious organizations will ordain you online, and some will even do it free online. Make sure your state will recognize online ordinations before you choose this route.\\nSome jurisdictions will not recognize ordinations through certain religious organizations so check your local laws to ensure your ordination will be recognized.\\nIf you want to perform weddings in multiple states, you may have to get ordained from several different organizations depending on the local laws in each state.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take the steps to become ordained.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve picked the religious organization you want to be ordained through, you need to do the organization’s specific steps to become ordained. Sometimes it’s as easy as filling out a form online, but with others you may have to take a few classes or pay a small fee.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check periodically to make sure you’re still ordained.\", \"描述\": \"Many religious organizations only require you to complete the initial process to become ordained and you’re ordained for life, but some require you to periodically update your information. Check to see if the religious organization you chose requires any updating, and if it does, keep up to date with it so you don’t end up performing any illegal ceremonies.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Performing the Ceremony\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meet with the couple getting married.\", \"描述\": \"The first thing to do to officiate a wedding is to sit down with the couple and find out what kind of ceremony they want. You should plan out the ceremony with the couple so that everyone is on the same page.\\nDoes the couple want a long, traditional ceremony with readings from a religious text?\\nWould the couple rather have a secular ceremony without any religious elements?\\nAre there people the couple wants to include in the ceremony to sing songs, give readings, or participate in any way?\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn about the couple.\", \"描述\": \"As the officiant you’ll be giving a short speech as an introduction and speaking throughout the ceremony to keep it flowing smoothly. Talk to the couple and find out information about them to use in the ceremony.\\nFind out how the two people met.\\nLearn what their favorite activities are and what their profession is.\\nSee if there are any fun jokes between them, or if they share a unique experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice the ceremony.\", \"描述\": \"On the day of the ceremony, you will be performing it in front of an audience, so it’s a good idea to practice it before the wedding day to make sure things run smoothly. You should write out the ceremony to practice on your own what you’ll be saying, and you should also hold a rehearsal with everyone involved with the ceremony to walk through it unofficially one time.\\nThe rehearsal is usually held at the site of the wedding.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Creating a Business\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Name your business and register it.\", \"描述\": \"To make a business officiating weddings, you’ll need to name your business and register it with either your county clerk’s office or your state’s government depending on your state. Your business will be registered as your personal name unless you create a trade or DBA, doing business as, name when you register.\\nMany people like to use their personal name as part of their business name. For example, you can name your business John Walker’s Wedding Services or Amy’s Wedding Officiants.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Decide what your fee will be.\", \"描述\": \"Most wedding officiants charge by the hour for their services, but some will have an upcharge if they have to travel a long way for the ceremony. Typically wedding officiants charge between $50 to $100 per hour for their services depending on where they are working.\\nTypically a wedding officiant will earn around $300 to $400 per wedding.\\nOfficiants in bigger cities like New York can charge more than officiants in a small rural town.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Collaborate with other professionals.\", \"描述\": \"One way to gain customers is to collaborate with other wedding professionals so you can market a one stop shop for weddings. Find a photographer, videographer, florist, and possibly even a caterer to associate with, and offer couples an easy way to book many aspects of the wedding all at once. When you collaborate with other professionals, you gain the added benefit of all marketing your services together on everyone’s websites giving each person more exposure.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Market your services.\", \"描述\": \"One great way to market your services as a wedding officiant is to create a website. Most couples will use the internet to search for wedding professionals to contract with, so you want to make sure you have a site for them to find. You can easily build a website by purchasing a domain name and finding a website host that has a template builder. There are also other ways to advertise your new business.\\nPrint business cards with your business name, phone number, and website on them to hand out to people. Keep several business cards on hand at all times because you never know when you’ll run into someone looking for a wedding officiant.\\nAdd your business name to wedding databases.\\nGet a booth at a wedding trade show to hand out your business card and pamphlets about your services. Make sure you have a fun giveaway for the trade show visitors so they’ll remember you.\\nContact wedding venues or wedding planning companies to see if you can keep flyers there or be promoted by them.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Find a religious organization that will ordain you where you will be recognized to officiate weddings in multiple states.\\n\", \"Do as much research as you can about the laws in your state and local jurisdictions.\\n\", \"If you’re trying to officiate weddings as a job, create a website for yourself to let your services be known. Make sure to include reviews of your services from past couples you’ve married.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,876 |
How to Become a Wedding Officiant in California
|
1. Becoming Ordained Through Seminary
1-1. Find a church.
Consider what faith or denomination would best fit your beliefs, and what requirements that group sets for becoming an ordained minister. Sit in on a few services at local churches to see if their style and focus are a good match for you.
Once you find a church whose message resonates with you, seek out senior members of the church and speak to them about ordination via seminary school. Most seminaries have an established history with particular denominations, so senior members can guide you toward a school that will be the best fit for your beliefs.
If you'd rather seek out a school on your own, using an online search tool can be helpful in narrowing down potential options. It's worth noting that California accepts ordinations from institutions across the United States for the purpose of conducting a marriage ceremony, so your choice of school need not be dependent on that.
1-2. Apply for seminary.
Once you've decided on a school, you'll have to send in an application. Requirements for entry will vary by school and by program. Some masters programs may require a four-year college degree, while more general programs may only require a high school diploma.
Typical application steps include an essay detailing your interest in seminary school, letters of recommendation from pastors or spiritual mentors, and an interview process with school officials.
1-3. Prepare for seminary.
Review the logistics of attending the school and make sure you're financially prepared. Costs are similar to attending a four-year university, and most degree programs take at least several years to complete. Given the scope of this commitment, it's important to be sure that you've been called to a life of ministry before beginning the process. This isn’t something you do on a whim or solely to perform a single wedding.
1-4. Apply for pastoral candidacy.
Once you have your degree, you can apply for pastoral candidacy at the church where you wish to conduct your ministry. This involves a thorough interview with senior members of the church. You should be prepared to answer questions like, "Do you agree with everything in this church's statement of faith?" or, "How would you characterize your understanding of church leadership?" The church for which you are applying can be located anywhere in the country, as California recognizes ordained ministers working in any of the fifty states for the purposes of officiating weddings.
Understand that some churches may require you to complete a trial period in a lessor leadership role, though this requirement will vary by organization. Upon successful completion of this process, you will be given the title of ordained minister.
1-5. Begin officiating weddings.
Once you become ordained, you will be eligible to perform legal marriage ceremonies. Note that the State of California does not require ministers to register with the local government in order to solemnize marriages. After performing a wedding ceremony, simply sign the marriage license to make the marriage official.
2. Using Online Ordination
2-1. Find an organization that offers online ordinations.
Due to its relatively low cost and minimal time commitment, online ordination has become a popular alternative to traditional ordination. There are numerous organizations that provide instant online ordination qualifying you to officiate weddings in California.
Some charge an annual fee or a sign up fee for new members seeking to become ministers. Others offer ordination for free, but charge for official documentation confirming your status as an ordained minister. Take some time to research these costs before choosing an organization to join.
2-2. Get ordained.
The ordination process is usually as simple as filling out an online form detailing your personal information. There are rarely tests to pass or prior education requirements. Despite being a much shorter and easier process, ordinations through an online church provide the same legal status as those obtained through a seminary.
2-3. Begin officiating weddings.
After the organization confirms your ordination, you will be eligible to perform wedding ceremonies.
While many other states require ministers to register with the local government before performing weddings, California does not. However, it is recommended that you have a copy of your minister license in case the county clerk does contact you later to verify your status.
3. Becoming a Civil Celebrant
3-1. Contact the county clerk.
California Family Code Section 401(b) permits the Commissioner of Civil Marriages in a county to temporarily grant you the ability to perform a wedding without becoming ordained. Note that a temporary license allows you to perform only a single wedding ceremony in that county, and there is typically a fee involved. The exact amount depends on the county clerk’s office that issues the marriage license, but generally costs range from $100-$150. Call the clerk's office or consult the county website for information specific to that county.
3-2. Acquire a temporary license.
Temporary licenses are only issued at the county clerk's office during business hours, so be sure to plan ahead. You must be over 18 years old to qualify for a temporary license. There are no residency requirements, though you must be able to speak fluent English and take a short oath in which you swear to support and defend the Constitutions of both the United States and the State of California.
3-3. Prepare to officiate the ceremony.
Upon being deputized as a Civil Celebrant, you will be issued an ID number by the county clerk. Make sure to list this number on the California marriage license when the time comes; otherwise, the marriage may be considered invalid.
Warnings
Only the couple is able to obtain the marriage license and this is not something that the minister can do. It must be procured before the ceremony can take place.
If you make an error of any kind while filling out the marriage license, you must purchase another one from the county clerk. Submitted licenses must be error-free.
Some churches restrict what sort of couples you can marry. This may mean no interfaith couples or same-sex couples. Check with your church to see what is permitted.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:04",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Becoming Ordained Through Seminary\\n1-1. Find a church.\\nConsider what faith or denomination would best fit your beliefs, and what requirements that group sets for becoming an ordained minister. Sit in on a few services at local churches to see if their style and focus are a good match for you.\\nOnce you find a church whose message resonates with you, seek out senior members of the church and speak to them about ordination via seminary school. Most seminaries have an established history with particular denominations, so senior members can guide you toward a school that will be the best fit for your beliefs.\\nIf you'd rather seek out a school on your own, using an online search tool can be helpful in narrowing down potential options. It's worth noting that California accepts ordinations from institutions across the United States for the purpose of conducting a marriage ceremony, so your choice of school need not be dependent on that.\\n1-2. Apply for seminary.\\nOnce you've decided on a school, you'll have to send in an application. Requirements for entry will vary by school and by program. Some masters programs may require a four-year college degree, while more general programs may only require a high school diploma.\\nTypical application steps include an essay detailing your interest in seminary school, letters of recommendation from pastors or spiritual mentors, and an interview process with school officials.\\n1-3. Prepare for seminary.\\nReview the logistics of attending the school and make sure you're financially prepared. Costs are similar to attending a four-year university, and most degree programs take at least several years to complete. Given the scope of this commitment, it's important to be sure that you've been called to a life of ministry before beginning the process. This isn’t something you do on a whim or solely to perform a single wedding.\\n1-4. Apply for pastoral candidacy.\\nOnce you have your degree, you can apply for pastoral candidacy at the church where you wish to conduct your ministry. This involves a thorough interview with senior members of the church. You should be prepared to answer questions like, \\\"Do you agree with everything in this church's statement of faith?\\\" or, \\\"How would you characterize your understanding of church leadership?\\\" The church for which you are applying can be located anywhere in the country, as California recognizes ordained ministers working in any of the fifty states for the purposes of officiating weddings.\\nUnderstand that some churches may require you to complete a trial period in a lessor leadership role, though this requirement will vary by organization. Upon successful completion of this process, you will be given the title of ordained minister.\\n1-5. Begin officiating weddings.\\nOnce you become ordained, you will be eligible to perform legal marriage ceremonies. Note that the State of California does not require ministers to register with the local government in order to solemnize marriages. After performing a wedding ceremony, simply sign the marriage license to make the marriage official.\\n2. Using Online Ordination\\n2-1. Find an organization that offers online ordinations.\\nDue to its relatively low cost and minimal time commitment, online ordination has become a popular alternative to traditional ordination. There are numerous organizations that provide instant online ordination qualifying you to officiate weddings in California.\\nSome charge an annual fee or a sign up fee for new members seeking to become ministers. Others offer ordination for free, but charge for official documentation confirming your status as an ordained minister. Take some time to research these costs before choosing an organization to join.\\n2-2. Get ordained.\\nThe ordination process is usually as simple as filling out an online form detailing your personal information. There are rarely tests to pass or prior education requirements. Despite being a much shorter and easier process, ordinations through an online church provide the same legal status as those obtained through a seminary.\\n2-3. Begin officiating weddings.\\nAfter the organization confirms your ordination, you will be eligible to perform wedding ceremonies.\\nWhile many other states require ministers to register with the local government before performing weddings, California does not. However, it is recommended that you have a copy of your minister license in case the county clerk does contact you later to verify your status.\\n3. Becoming a Civil Celebrant\\n3-1. Contact the county clerk.\\nCalifornia Family Code Section 401(b) permits the Commissioner of Civil Marriages in a county to temporarily grant you the ability to perform a wedding without becoming ordained. Note that a temporary license allows you to perform only a single wedding ceremony in that county, and there is typically a fee involved. The exact amount depends on the county clerk’s office that issues the marriage license, but generally costs range from $100-$150. Call the clerk's office or consult the county website for information specific to that county.\\n3-2. Acquire a temporary license.\\nTemporary licenses are only issued at the county clerk's office during business hours, so be sure to plan ahead. You must be over 18 years old to qualify for a temporary license. There are no residency requirements, though you must be able to speak fluent English and take a short oath in which you swear to support and defend the Constitutions of both the United States and the State of California.\\n3-3. Prepare to officiate the ceremony.\\nUpon being deputized as a Civil Celebrant, you will be issued an ID number by the county clerk. Make sure to list this number on the California marriage license when the time comes; otherwise, the marriage may be considered invalid.\\nWarnings\\nOnly the couple is able to obtain the marriage license and this is not something that the minister can do. It must be procured before the ceremony can take place.\\nIf you make an error of any kind while filling out the marriage license, you must purchase another one from the county clerk. Submitted licenses must be error-free.\\nSome churches restrict what sort of couples you can marry. This may mean no interfaith couples or same-sex couples. Check with your church to see what is permitted.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Performing a wedding is a great honor, particularly if it is for friends or family. The State of California is unique compared to other states, in that the government offers a method for someone to perform a civil ceremony or a religious one. The three ways to become a wedding officiant are as follows: to complete a program at a seminary, to get ordained online, or to become deputized as a civil celebrant.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Becoming Ordained Through Seminary\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find a church.\", \"描述\": \"Consider what faith or denomination would best fit your beliefs, and what requirements that group sets for becoming an ordained minister. Sit in on a few services at local churches to see if their style and focus are a good match for you.\\nOnce you find a church whose message resonates with you, seek out senior members of the church and speak to them about ordination via seminary school. Most seminaries have an established history with particular denominations, so senior members can guide you toward a school that will be the best fit for your beliefs.\\nIf you'd rather seek out a school on your own, using an online search tool can be helpful in narrowing down potential options. It's worth noting that California accepts ordinations from institutions across the United States for the purpose of conducting a marriage ceremony, so your choice of school need not be dependent on that.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply for seminary.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've decided on a school, you'll have to send in an application. Requirements for entry will vary by school and by program. Some masters programs may require a four-year college degree, while more general programs may only require a high school diploma.\\nTypical application steps include an essay detailing your interest in seminary school, letters of recommendation from pastors or spiritual mentors, and an interview process with school officials.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Prepare for seminary.\", \"描述\": \"Review the logistics of attending the school and make sure you're financially prepared. Costs are similar to attending a four-year university, and most degree programs take at least several years to complete. Given the scope of this commitment, it's important to be sure that you've been called to a life of ministry before beginning the process. This isn’t something you do on a whim or solely to perform a single wedding.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply for pastoral candidacy.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have your degree, you can apply for pastoral candidacy at the church where you wish to conduct your ministry. This involves a thorough interview with senior members of the church. You should be prepared to answer questions like, \\\"Do you agree with everything in this church's statement of faith?\\\" or, \\\"How would you characterize your understanding of church leadership?\\\" The church for which you are applying can be located anywhere in the country, as California recognizes ordained ministers working in any of the fifty states for the purposes of officiating weddings.\\nUnderstand that some churches may require you to complete a trial period in a lessor leadership role, though this requirement will vary by organization. Upon successful completion of this process, you will be given the title of ordained minister.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Begin officiating weddings.\", \"描述\": \"Once you become ordained, you will be eligible to perform legal marriage ceremonies. Note that the State of California does not require ministers to register with the local government in order to solemnize marriages. After performing a wedding ceremony, simply sign the marriage license to make the marriage official.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using Online Ordination\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find an organization that offers online ordinations.\", \"描述\": \"Due to its relatively low cost and minimal time commitment, online ordination has become a popular alternative to traditional ordination. There are numerous organizations that provide instant online ordination qualifying you to officiate weddings in California.\\nSome charge an annual fee or a sign up fee for new members seeking to become ministers. Others offer ordination for free, but charge for official documentation confirming your status as an ordained minister. Take some time to research these costs before choosing an organization to join.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get ordained.\", \"描述\": \"The ordination process is usually as simple as filling out an online form detailing your personal information. There are rarely tests to pass or prior education requirements. Despite being a much shorter and easier process, ordinations through an online church provide the same legal status as those obtained through a seminary.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Begin officiating weddings.\", \"描述\": \"After the organization confirms your ordination, you will be eligible to perform wedding ceremonies.\\nWhile many other states require ministers to register with the local government before performing weddings, California does not. However, it is recommended that you have a copy of your minister license in case the county clerk does contact you later to verify your status.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Civil Celebrant\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Contact the county clerk.\", \"描述\": \"California Family Code Section 401(b) permits the Commissioner of Civil Marriages in a county to temporarily grant you the ability to perform a wedding without becoming ordained. Note that a temporary license allows you to perform only a single wedding ceremony in that county, and there is typically a fee involved. The exact amount depends on the county clerk’s office that issues the marriage license, but generally costs range from $100-$150. Call the clerk's office or consult the county website for information specific to that county.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Acquire a temporary license.\", \"描述\": \"Temporary licenses are only issued at the county clerk's office during business hours, so be sure to plan ahead. You must be over 18 years old to qualify for a temporary license. There are no residency requirements, though you must be able to speak fluent English and take a short oath in which you swear to support and defend the Constitutions of both the United States and the State of California.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Prepare to officiate the ceremony.\", \"描述\": \"Upon being deputized as a Civil Celebrant, you will be issued an ID number by the county clerk. Make sure to list this number on the California marriage license when the time comes; otherwise, the marriage may be considered invalid.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Only the couple is able to obtain the marriage license and this is not something that the minister can do. It must be procured before the ceremony can take place.\\n\", \"If you make an error of any kind while filling out the marriage license, you must purchase another one from the county clerk. Submitted licenses must be error-free.\\n\", \"Some churches restrict what sort of couples you can marry. This may mean no interfaith couples or same-sex couples. Check with your church to see what is permitted.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,877 |
How to Become a Wedding Officiant in New York
|
1. Using Online Ordination
1-1. Find a church that ordains people online.
Online ordination has grown in popularity in recent years. In order to keep costs down and make the ceremony more personal, engaged couples are increasingly asking friends or family members to get ordained online and officiate their wedding. New York recognizes ordinations received over the internet as valid, though in some cases additional paperwork is required.
There are a number of churches that provide online ordinations, so do some research and choose one that you think is a good fit.
While most online churches offer free ordinations, you generally have to pay for official documents like ordination credentials.
You'll need to make sure that the church meets New York's legal definition of a church; otherwise, the state may not view your ordination as legitimate. For example, clergy ordained by the Universal Life Church are typically not recognized by the state.
1-2. Request ordination.
Applying for ordination usually involves filling out a simple online form with basic information such as your name and email address.
Applicants are generally not required to pass any sort of religious tests.
Most organizations instantly approve ordinations, so the entire process takes only a matter of minutes.
1-3. Start performing weddings.
As soon as you receive confirmation that your ordination request was accepted, you’ll be able to perform legal wedding ceremonies. If the ceremony will be held outside of New York City, ministers aren’t required to register with local marriage officials. However, if the wedding is within city limits, additional paperwork must be submitted.
2. Using Seminary Ordination
2-1. Determine your denomination preference.
Seminary schools generally welcome students from a range of denominations, but deciding where exactly you fall on the spectrum will be helpful in finding a program that closely matches your beliefs and values.
2-2. Join a church.
Establishing yourself within a faith community offers numerous benefits when pursuing a seminary degree. By joining a church, you’ll be able to consult with faith leaders and seminary-trained ministers who can help shed light on the ordination process. They might also connect you with seminary school officials or give you a recommendation to use with your application.
2-3. Apply for seminary school.
The application process will vary depending on the school you have chosen, as some have more stringent requirements than others.
Standard programs may admit applicants with only a high school diploma, but more advanced programs might require a college degree from a four-year university.
The application process could include interviews, written essays, letters of recommendation, or other materials.
2-4. Get your degree.
Once enrolled, you will earn your degree by completing a series of courses, just like in a regular college.
Degree programs typically involve a mix of required courses and electives, and can generally take between 2-4 years to complete.
Since seminary school costs closely mirror those of traditional universities, it’s important to plan out your degree path and budget accordingly.
2-5. Seek out a ministerial position.
After earning your degree, you will then apply for open ministerial positions.
This generally involves a lengthy interview process with church leaders. Questions might include your reasons for becoming a minister, how your beliefs align with those of the church, and what your plans for the future might be.
After the interview you could be offered a position outright, or asked to complete a trial period.
2-6. Start performing wedding ceremonies.
Upon receiving your ordination, you’ll be able to legally officiate marriages. New York recognizes ministerial credentials from any state, so even if you are not based in New York, you will still have authority to perform weddings.
3. Getting Elected to Government Office
3-1. Run for office.
If you’re hoping to officiate weddings in New York but don’t want to become an ordained minister, you have one other potential option: get elected to government office.
New York City wedding officiant eligibility is extended to certain government positions such as the mayor (or former mayor), local judges, and county clerks, among others.
Outside of New York City, the list of government officials officials that can officiate weddings include the mayor (or a former mayor), city clerks, and judges within certain districts.
3-2. Start performing wedding ceremonies.
If you’re fortunate enough to get elected to one such position, you’ll be eligible to perform legal marriage ceremonies upon taking office.
Warnings
For weddings within New York City, religious officiants must register with city officials. In order to register, ministers must provide proof of their ordination, a copy of their church’s articles of incorporation, and a statement of authorization from a church leader. [10]
X
Research source
Ship captains are not eligible to perform weddings in New York state.[11]
X
Research source
A marriage license must be obtained by the couple getting married. The license must be acquired before the wedding can take place.[12]
X
Research source
The officiant will sign the license along with the couple, then the officiant will return the license to be filed.
The marriage license must be error free when returned, or else a new license will have to be purchased if the license is rejected due to errors.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:04",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Using Online Ordination\\n1-1. Find a church that ordains people online.\\nOnline ordination has grown in popularity in recent years. In order to keep costs down and make the ceremony more personal, engaged couples are increasingly asking friends or family members to get ordained online and officiate their wedding. New York recognizes ordinations received over the internet as valid, though in some cases additional paperwork is required.\\nThere are a number of churches that provide online ordinations, so do some research and choose one that you think is a good fit.\\nWhile most online churches offer free ordinations, you generally have to pay for official documents like ordination credentials.\\nYou'll need to make sure that the church meets New York's legal definition of a church; otherwise, the state may not view your ordination as legitimate. For example, clergy ordained by the Universal Life Church are typically not recognized by the state.\\n1-2. Request ordination.\\nApplying for ordination usually involves filling out a simple online form with basic information such as your name and email address.\\nApplicants are generally not required to pass any sort of religious tests.\\nMost organizations instantly approve ordinations, so the entire process takes only a matter of minutes.\\n1-3. Start performing weddings.\\nAs soon as you receive confirmation that your ordination request was accepted, you’ll be able to perform legal wedding ceremonies. If the ceremony will be held outside of New York City, ministers aren’t required to register with local marriage officials. However, if the wedding is within city limits, additional paperwork must be submitted.\\n2. Using Seminary Ordination\\n2-1. Determine your denomination preference.\\nSeminary schools generally welcome students from a range of denominations, but deciding where exactly you fall on the spectrum will be helpful in finding a program that closely matches your beliefs and values.\\n2-2. Join a church.\\nEstablishing yourself within a faith community offers numerous benefits when pursuing a seminary degree. By joining a church, you’ll be able to consult with faith leaders and seminary-trained ministers who can help shed light on the ordination process. They might also connect you with seminary school officials or give you a recommendation to use with your application.\\n2-3. Apply for seminary school.\\nThe application process will vary depending on the school you have chosen, as some have more stringent requirements than others.\\nStandard programs may admit applicants with only a high school diploma, but more advanced programs might require a college degree from a four-year university.\\nThe application process could include interviews, written essays, letters of recommendation, or other materials.\\n2-4. Get your degree.\\nOnce enrolled, you will earn your degree by completing a series of courses, just like in a regular college.\\nDegree programs typically involve a mix of required courses and electives, and can generally take between 2-4 years to complete.\\nSince seminary school costs closely mirror those of traditional universities, it’s important to plan out your degree path and budget accordingly.\\n2-5. Seek out a ministerial position.\\nAfter earning your degree, you will then apply for open ministerial positions.\\nThis generally involves a lengthy interview process with church leaders. Questions might include your reasons for becoming a minister, how your beliefs align with those of the church, and what your plans for the future might be.\\nAfter the interview you could be offered a position outright, or asked to complete a trial period.\\n2-6. Start performing wedding ceremonies.\\nUpon receiving your ordination, you’ll be able to legally officiate marriages. New York recognizes ministerial credentials from any state, so even if you are not based in New York, you will still have authority to perform weddings.\\n3. Getting Elected to Government Office\\n3-1. Run for office.\\nIf you’re hoping to officiate weddings in New York but don’t want to become an ordained minister, you have one other potential option: get elected to government office.\\nNew York City wedding officiant eligibility is extended to certain government positions such as the mayor (or former mayor), local judges, and county clerks, among others. \\nOutside of New York City, the list of government officials officials that can officiate weddings include the mayor (or a former mayor), city clerks, and judges within certain districts.\\n3-2. Start performing wedding ceremonies.\\nIf you’re fortunate enough to get elected to one such position, you’ll be eligible to perform legal marriage ceremonies upon taking office.\\nWarnings\\nFor weddings within New York City, religious officiants must register with city officials. In order to register, ministers must provide proof of their ordination, a copy of their church’s articles of incorporation, and a statement of authorization from a church leader. [10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nShip captains are not eligible to perform weddings in New York state.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nA marriage license must be obtained by the couple getting married. The license must be acquired before the wedding can take place.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nThe officiant will sign the license along with the couple, then the officiant will return the license to be filed.\\nThe marriage license must be error free when returned, or else a new license will have to be purchased if the license is rejected due to errors.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Officiating a wedding means playing a central role in one of the most important days of two people's lives. Each state has different eligibility requirements for its officiants, and New York is no different. In New York, there are three avenues to becoming a legal wedding officiant: becoming a minister over the internet, getting ordained through seminary school, or getting elected to government office.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Using Online Ordination\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find a church that ordains people online.\", \"描述\": \"Online ordination has grown in popularity in recent years. In order to keep costs down and make the ceremony more personal, engaged couples are increasingly asking friends or family members to get ordained online and officiate their wedding. New York recognizes ordinations received over the internet as valid, though in some cases additional paperwork is required.\\nThere are a number of churches that provide online ordinations, so do some research and choose one that you think is a good fit.\\nWhile most online churches offer free ordinations, you generally have to pay for official documents like ordination credentials.\\nYou'll need to make sure that the church meets New York's legal definition of a church; otherwise, the state may not view your ordination as legitimate. For example, clergy ordained by the Universal Life Church are typically not recognized by the state.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Request ordination.\", \"描述\": \"Applying for ordination usually involves filling out a simple online form with basic information such as your name and email address.\\nApplicants are generally not required to pass any sort of religious tests.\\nMost organizations instantly approve ordinations, so the entire process takes only a matter of minutes.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Start performing weddings.\", \"描述\": \"As soon as you receive confirmation that your ordination request was accepted, you’ll be able to perform legal wedding ceremonies. If the ceremony will be held outside of New York City, ministers aren’t required to register with local marriage officials. However, if the wedding is within city limits, additional paperwork must be submitted.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using Seminary Ordination\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine your denomination preference.\", \"描述\": \"Seminary schools generally welcome students from a range of denominations, but deciding where exactly you fall on the spectrum will be helpful in finding a program that closely matches your beliefs and values.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Join a church.\", \"描述\": \"Establishing yourself within a faith community offers numerous benefits when pursuing a seminary degree. By joining a church, you’ll be able to consult with faith leaders and seminary-trained ministers who can help shed light on the ordination process. They might also connect you with seminary school officials or give you a recommendation to use with your application.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Apply for seminary school.\", \"描述\": \"The application process will vary depending on the school you have chosen, as some have more stringent requirements than others.\\nStandard programs may admit applicants with only a high school diploma, but more advanced programs might require a college degree from a four-year university.\\nThe application process could include interviews, written essays, letters of recommendation, or other materials.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get your degree.\", \"描述\": \"Once enrolled, you will earn your degree by completing a series of courses, just like in a regular college.\\nDegree programs typically involve a mix of required courses and electives, and can generally take between 2-4 years to complete.\\nSince seminary school costs closely mirror those of traditional universities, it’s important to plan out your degree path and budget accordingly.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Seek out a ministerial position.\", \"描述\": \"After earning your degree, you will then apply for open ministerial positions.\\nThis generally involves a lengthy interview process with church leaders. Questions might include your reasons for becoming a minister, how your beliefs align with those of the church, and what your plans for the future might be.\\nAfter the interview you could be offered a position outright, or asked to complete a trial period.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Start performing wedding ceremonies.\", \"描述\": \"Upon receiving your ordination, you’ll be able to legally officiate marriages. New York recognizes ministerial credentials from any state, so even if you are not based in New York, you will still have authority to perform weddings.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Getting Elected to Government Office\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Run for office.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re hoping to officiate weddings in New York but don’t want to become an ordained minister, you have one other potential option: get elected to government office.\\nNew York City wedding officiant eligibility is extended to certain government positions such as the mayor (or former mayor), local judges, and county clerks, among others. \\nOutside of New York City, the list of government officials officials that can officiate weddings include the mayor (or a former mayor), city clerks, and judges within certain districts.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start performing wedding ceremonies.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re fortunate enough to get elected to one such position, you’ll be eligible to perform legal marriage ceremonies upon taking office.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"For weddings within New York City, religious officiants must register with city officials. In order to register, ministers must provide proof of their ordination, a copy of their church’s articles of incorporation, and a statement of authorization from a church leader. [10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Ship captains are not eligible to perform weddings in New York state.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"A marriage license must be obtained by the couple getting married. The license must be acquired before the wedding can take place.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"The officiant will sign the license along with the couple, then the officiant will return the license to be filed.\\n\", \"The marriage license must be error free when returned, or else a new license will have to be purchased if the license is rejected due to errors.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
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wikihow
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5,878 |
How to Become a Wedding Photographer
|
1. What qualifications do you need to be a wedding photographer?
1-1. You don’t need a degree, but you do need photography knowledge.
To boost your credibility and enhance your skills, consider taking photography classes at your university, local community college, or online to get a feel for technique and equipment fundamentals.
Gain experience by working as a photography assistant or second shooter to a local wedding photographer.
Watch online tutorials, attend workshops, and practice on your own to learn how to edit photos in software like Adobe Photoshop and Lightroom. Editing software will take your photos to the professional level and allow you to easily import and manage pictures.
1-2. If you’re serious about running a business, you’ll need a business license.
The type of license you need will depend on your jurisdiction. Some places might require a county license (especially if you want to lease office space) while other places might require state or federal licensing.
Apply for a business license by searching online for the local Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR) or State License Bureau.
2. What equipment do you need to start wedding photography?
You’ll need multiple cameras and lenses to get started.
While gear shouldn’t constrain your creativity or style, you’ll be more comfortable and produce higher-quality work if you start with at least mid-range products. As long as your business generates revenue, you can deduct your full equipment expenses through Section 179 to reduce your business-related taxes.
Get at least two DSLR camera bodies ($1,500 to $2,000 each). If anything goes wrong with your primary camera on the wedding day, you’ll need to be prepared.
Choose multiple lenses to be able to shoot different distances and a variety of apertures.
To process and store your photos, you’ll need multiple memory cards ($50+ each), two or more external hard drives ($120 each), and a computer with enough memory to store your photos ($2000).
For working on the big day, you’ll need a tripod, monopod, camera bags, and flashes.
Rent your gear before you purchase to see if it works for you!
3. How do you get experience as a wedding photographer?
3-1. Shadow or second shoot professional wedding photographers.
Email local wedding photographers you admire and ask if you can watch them during a photoshoot, carry their gear, or be their second shooter (either for free or for a discounted rate). You’ll get to see every aspect of a day in the field and make a professional connection in the world of photography.
In your introductory email, include a personalized greeting and talk about your familiarity with the photographer’s work. Let them know you’re willing to work as a second shooter, assistant, or unpaid assistant (depending on your experience level), and include a link to your portfolio.
Email photographers with specific dates when you’re available in order to make the request feel real and practical to them. For instance, try ending your email with, “If you need a second photographer from June 20-29th, please let me know.”
3-2. Connect with local photographers to ask for tips on gear and techniques.
Look for photography organizations or direct message photographers you admire on social media. As a bonus, they may refer clients to you if they’re too busy to take a job.
4. How do you build a portfolio as a wedding photographer?
4-1. Start with styled shoots for wedding vendors, bridal shops, and florists.
In a styled shoot, vendors will work together to make their products look great to get promotional images from photographers like you! Look on social media for local photographers who do styled shoots and ask to join as a second shooter, or reach out directly to businesses and offer to shoot their products for a discounted rate. Make sure the other photographers or businesses are okay with you posting the photos on your website or social media.
Develop your personal style by looking to your favorite photographers’ portfolios for inspiration. See what elements you like, and try to bring them to life in your own work.
4-2. Offer to work friends' weddings for a discounted rate.
This is a great way to get valuable experience and shots for your portfolio. In general, try to avoid doing weddings for free, even if you need the experience. You're trying to launch a real business, and free gigs can be a slippery slope.
4-3. Post your couples, elopement, and wedding shoots on Instagram.
When you create a distinct page just for wedding-themed content, you can make it easier for couples to find you.
Use location tags so that potential clients can find you by searching popular wedding venues.
5. How do you start your wedding photography business?
5-1. Create a pricing guide with three different tiers of packages.
To calculate prices for your packages, add up the cost of equipment/travel, labor costs, overhead costs (like software subscriptions, etc.). Then, decide what profit you’d like to make after expenses (ex. 20% profit). If you’re just starting out, you might charge $1,500 for the cheapest package, $2,500 for your mid-tier package, and $3,500 for your most expensive package.
Your cheapest package might include just an 8-hr wedding shoot and digital files.
For your medium-priced package, consider including an 8-hr wedding shoot, an engagement session, and digital files.
Your highest-priced package might include an 8-hr wedding shoot, an engagement session, digital files, a second photographer, and an album or print photos.
Avoid severely underpricing or undervaluing your work. You’ve built up a portfolio and you have gear upkeep, software subscriptions, and other expenses to pay!
5-2. License your business and set up contracts to give to clients.
Getting a business license can enhance your credibility, and depending on where you live, it may be required for tax purposes. Similarly, contracts provide legal protection for you and your clients in case something goes wrong. You’ll create agreements on your right to use the photos on your website/portfolio, what the clients can expect from the photos, and how much you’ll be paid.
You can hire a lawyer to draw up contracts and photo releases or find several contracts for free online.
5-3. Get insurance.
General liability insurance protects you if you’re unable to complete your normal duties, while equipment insurance protects you in case of accidental injury or damage to your gear. How much you’ll pay for insurance will depend on the value of your gear, the types of locations you shoot, and whether you need special policies like commercial auto insurance (if you use your car exclusively for work). On average, you’ll pay between $1,500-2,500 per year for general liability insurance.
Some venues might even require you to have a certificate of insurance (COI) for you to be able to shoot at a wedding.
Since there’s no official “photography insurance” you can look for a business owner’s policy (BOP) through standard policy providers which will cover general liability and property insurance.
If you’re a member of a photography organization like Professional Photographers of America (PPA), you might be able to get insured through the organization.
You can write off all photography-related insurance costs as a business expense.
6. How much money do wedding photographers make?
Wedding photographers charge $1,000-$10,000 per wedding.
The price you can charge varies depending on your experience, the size of the wedding/wealth of the client, and even your geographical region (rates in a rural area are lower than coastal cities).
The median salary for wedding photographers in 2021 is around $41,280 per year.
7. How should you communicate with clients?
7-1. Set clear expectations with your clients.
Make sure you’re on the same page about your style, the clients’ must-have photos, and delivery. When you initially meet with your clients, encourage them to look through your portfolio again so they can have a solid idea of what photos they’ll be getting.
Create a shoot list with your clients to ensure you don’t miss any must-have photos.
Decide how and when you’ll deliver the photos. Do your clients want digital access only or will you also provide prints? Should they expect the photos in 2 weeks after the wedding or in 2 months?
7-2. Don’t be afraid to communicate with guests who interfere with your job.
At the wedding, if a guest is in the way of one of your shots, politely ask them to move. If you’re concerned about keeping the wedding on schedule, it’s alright to kindly tell guests that it’s time to move along.
To ask a guest to move out of a shot say, “Can you please move a bit to the side? I can’t see the bride, and I want these photos to turn out well for the couple. Thank you!”
To encourage guests to stay on schedule, say, “We’ve already taken a lot of photos, and I think they turned out well, but now it’s time for the couple to head to the reception.”
Tips
Be friendly. You’ll get the best photos when people feel relaxed around you and clients are looking to buy an experience, not just photos.[33]
X
Research source
Visit the venue or take photos of the set up before the wedding. Take some test shots to see how the lighting looks, and look for any especially picturesque spots.[34]
X
Research source
While your photos should focus on the people at the wedding, don’t forget to photograph the little details, like a champagne glass on a table, or the wedding cake.[35]
X
Research source
Warnings
The job of a wedding photographer can be pretty physically demanding. You might be carrying up to twelve pounds of photography gear for eight to ten hours on the wedding day. Wear comfortable shoes on the job, and see a doctor for any aches and pains.[37]
X
Research source
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:05",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. What qualifications do you need to be a wedding photographer?\\n1-1. You don’t need a degree, but you do need photography knowledge.\\nTo boost your credibility and enhance your skills, consider taking photography classes at your university, local community college, or online to get a feel for technique and equipment fundamentals.\\nGain experience by working as a photography assistant or second shooter to a local wedding photographer.\\nWatch online tutorials, attend workshops, and practice on your own to learn how to edit photos in software like Adobe Photoshop and Lightroom. Editing software will take your photos to the professional level and allow you to easily import and manage pictures.\\n1-2. If you’re serious about running a business, you’ll need a business license.\\nThe type of license you need will depend on your jurisdiction. Some places might require a county license (especially if you want to lease office space) while other places might require state or federal licensing.\\nApply for a business license by searching online for the local Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR) or State License Bureau.\\n2. What equipment do you need to start wedding photography?\\nYou’ll need multiple cameras and lenses to get started.\\nWhile gear shouldn’t constrain your creativity or style, you’ll be more comfortable and produce higher-quality work if you start with at least mid-range products. As long as your business generates revenue, you can deduct your full equipment expenses through Section 179 to reduce your business-related taxes.\\nGet at least two DSLR camera bodies ($1,500 to $2,000 each). If anything goes wrong with your primary camera on the wedding day, you’ll need to be prepared.\\n\\nChoose multiple lenses to be able to shoot different distances and a variety of apertures.\\nTo process and store your photos, you’ll need multiple memory cards ($50+ each), two or more external hard drives ($120 each), and a computer with enough memory to store your photos ($2000).\\nFor working on the big day, you’ll need a tripod, monopod, camera bags, and flashes.\\nRent your gear before you purchase to see if it works for you!\\n3. How do you get experience as a wedding photographer?\\n3-1. Shadow or second shoot professional wedding photographers.\\nEmail local wedding photographers you admire and ask if you can watch them during a photoshoot, carry their gear, or be their second shooter (either for free or for a discounted rate). You’ll get to see every aspect of a day in the field and make a professional connection in the world of photography.\\nIn your introductory email, include a personalized greeting and talk about your familiarity with the photographer’s work. Let them know you’re willing to work as a second shooter, assistant, or unpaid assistant (depending on your experience level), and include a link to your portfolio.\\nEmail photographers with specific dates when you’re available in order to make the request feel real and practical to them. For instance, try ending your email with, “If you need a second photographer from June 20-29th, please let me know.”\\n3-2. Connect with local photographers to ask for tips on gear and techniques.\\nLook for photography organizations or direct message photographers you admire on social media. As a bonus, they may refer clients to you if they’re too busy to take a job.\\n4. How do you build a portfolio as a wedding photographer?\\n4-1. Start with styled shoots for wedding vendors, bridal shops, and florists.\\nIn a styled shoot, vendors will work together to make their products look great to get promotional images from photographers like you! Look on social media for local photographers who do styled shoots and ask to join as a second shooter, or reach out directly to businesses and offer to shoot their products for a discounted rate. Make sure the other photographers or businesses are okay with you posting the photos on your website or social media.\\nDevelop your personal style by looking to your favorite photographers’ portfolios for inspiration. See what elements you like, and try to bring them to life in your own work.\\n4-2. Offer to work friends' weddings for a discounted rate.\\nThis is a great way to get valuable experience and shots for your portfolio. In general, try to avoid doing weddings for free, even if you need the experience. You're trying to launch a real business, and free gigs can be a slippery slope.\\n4-3. Post your couples, elopement, and wedding shoots on Instagram.\\nWhen you create a distinct page just for wedding-themed content, you can make it easier for couples to find you.\\nUse location tags so that potential clients can find you by searching popular wedding venues.\\n5. How do you start your wedding photography business?\\n5-1. Create a pricing guide with three different tiers of packages.\\nTo calculate prices for your packages, add up the cost of equipment/travel, labor costs, overhead costs (like software subscriptions, etc.). Then, decide what profit you’d like to make after expenses (ex. 20% profit). If you’re just starting out, you might charge $1,500 for the cheapest package, $2,500 for your mid-tier package, and $3,500 for your most expensive package.\\nYour cheapest package might include just an 8-hr wedding shoot and digital files.\\nFor your medium-priced package, consider including an 8-hr wedding shoot, an engagement session, and digital files.\\nYour highest-priced package might include an 8-hr wedding shoot, an engagement session, digital files, a second photographer, and an album or print photos.\\nAvoid severely underpricing or undervaluing your work. You’ve built up a portfolio and you have gear upkeep, software subscriptions, and other expenses to pay!\\n5-2. License your business and set up contracts to give to clients.\\nGetting a business license can enhance your credibility, and depending on where you live, it may be required for tax purposes. Similarly, contracts provide legal protection for you and your clients in case something goes wrong. You’ll create agreements on your right to use the photos on your website/portfolio, what the clients can expect from the photos, and how much you’ll be paid.\\nYou can hire a lawyer to draw up contracts and photo releases or find several contracts for free online.\\n5-3. Get insurance.\\nGeneral liability insurance protects you if you’re unable to complete your normal duties, while equipment insurance protects you in case of accidental injury or damage to your gear. How much you’ll pay for insurance will depend on the value of your gear, the types of locations you shoot, and whether you need special policies like commercial auto insurance (if you use your car exclusively for work). On average, you’ll pay between $1,500-2,500 per year for general liability insurance.\\nSome venues might even require you to have a certificate of insurance (COI) for you to be able to shoot at a wedding.\\nSince there’s no official “photography insurance” you can look for a business owner’s policy (BOP) through standard policy providers which will cover general liability and property insurance.\\nIf you’re a member of a photography organization like Professional Photographers of America (PPA), you might be able to get insured through the organization.\\nYou can write off all photography-related insurance costs as a business expense.\\n6. How much money do wedding photographers make?\\nWedding photographers charge $1,000-$10,000 per wedding.\\nThe price you can charge varies depending on your experience, the size of the wedding/wealth of the client, and even your geographical region (rates in a rural area are lower than coastal cities).\\nThe median salary for wedding photographers in 2021 is around $41,280 per year.\\n7. How should you communicate with clients?\\n7-1. Set clear expectations with your clients.\\nMake sure you’re on the same page about your style, the clients’ must-have photos, and delivery. When you initially meet with your clients, encourage them to look through your portfolio again so they can have a solid idea of what photos they’ll be getting.\\nCreate a shoot list with your clients to ensure you don’t miss any must-have photos.\\nDecide how and when you’ll deliver the photos. Do your clients want digital access only or will you also provide prints? Should they expect the photos in 2 weeks after the wedding or in 2 months?\\n7-2. Don’t be afraid to communicate with guests who interfere with your job.\\nAt the wedding, if a guest is in the way of one of your shots, politely ask them to move. If you’re concerned about keeping the wedding on schedule, it’s alright to kindly tell guests that it’s time to move along.\\nTo ask a guest to move out of a shot say, “Can you please move a bit to the side? I can’t see the bride, and I want these photos to turn out well for the couple. Thank you!”\\nTo encourage guests to stay on schedule, say, “We’ve already taken a lot of photos, and I think they turned out well, but now it’s time for the couple to head to the reception.”\\nTips\\nBe friendly. You’ll get the best photos when people feel relaxed around you and clients are looking to buy an experience, not just photos.[33]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nVisit the venue or take photos of the set up before the wedding. Take some test shots to see how the lighting looks, and look for any especially picturesque spots.[34]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWhile your photos should focus on the people at the wedding, don’t forget to photograph the little details, like a champagne glass on a table, or the wedding cake.[35]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nThe job of a wedding photographer can be pretty physically demanding. You might be carrying up to twelve pounds of photography gear for eight to ten hours on the wedding day. Wear comfortable shoes on the job, and see a doctor for any aches and pains.[37]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"As a wedding photographer, you’ll capture special moments in photos that couples and families will treasure for generations! Plus, you’ll work in a profession that combines creativity, romance, interpersonal communication, and technical skill on a daily basis. To help you launch your creative career and grow your wedding photography business, we’ve compiled answers to your common questions about getting started in the industry.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"What qualifications do you need to be a wedding photographer?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You don’t need a degree, but you do need photography knowledge.\", \"描述\": \"To boost your credibility and enhance your skills, consider taking photography classes at your university, local community college, or online to get a feel for technique and equipment fundamentals.\\nGain experience by working as a photography assistant or second shooter to a local wedding photographer.\\nWatch online tutorials, attend workshops, and practice on your own to learn how to edit photos in software like Adobe Photoshop and Lightroom. Editing software will take your photos to the professional level and allow you to easily import and manage pictures.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"If you’re serious about running a business, you’ll need a business license.\", \"描述\": \"The type of license you need will depend on your jurisdiction. Some places might require a county license (especially if you want to lease office space) while other places might require state or federal licensing.\\nApply for a business license by searching online for the local Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR) or State License Bureau.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"What equipment do you need to start wedding photography?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You’ll need multiple cameras and lenses to get started.\", \"描述\": \"While gear shouldn’t constrain your creativity or style, you’ll be more comfortable and produce higher-quality work if you start with at least mid-range products. As long as your business generates revenue, you can deduct your full equipment expenses through Section 179 to reduce your business-related taxes.\\nGet at least two DSLR camera bodies ($1,500 to $2,000 each). If anything goes wrong with your primary camera on the wedding day, you’ll need to be prepared.\\n\\nChoose multiple lenses to be able to shoot different distances and a variety of apertures.\\nTo process and store your photos, you’ll need multiple memory cards ($50+ each), two or more external hard drives ($120 each), and a computer with enough memory to store your photos ($2000).\\nFor working on the big day, you’ll need a tripod, monopod, camera bags, and flashes.\\nRent your gear before you purchase to see if it works for you!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"How do you get experience as a wedding photographer?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Shadow or second shoot professional wedding photographers.\", \"描述\": \"Email local wedding photographers you admire and ask if you can watch them during a photoshoot, carry their gear, or be their second shooter (either for free or for a discounted rate). You’ll get to see every aspect of a day in the field and make a professional connection in the world of photography.\\nIn your introductory email, include a personalized greeting and talk about your familiarity with the photographer’s work. Let them know you’re willing to work as a second shooter, assistant, or unpaid assistant (depending on your experience level), and include a link to your portfolio.\\nEmail photographers with specific dates when you’re available in order to make the request feel real and practical to them. For instance, try ending your email with, “If you need a second photographer from June 20-29th, please let me know.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Connect with local photographers to ask for tips on gear and techniques.\", \"描述\": \"Look for photography organizations or direct message photographers you admire on social media. As a bonus, they may refer clients to you if they’re too busy to take a job.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"How do you build a portfolio as a wedding photographer?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start with styled shoots for wedding vendors, bridal shops, and florists.\", \"描述\": \"In a styled shoot, vendors will work together to make their products look great to get promotional images from photographers like you! Look on social media for local photographers who do styled shoots and ask to join as a second shooter, or reach out directly to businesses and offer to shoot their products for a discounted rate. Make sure the other photographers or businesses are okay with you posting the photos on your website or social media.\\nDevelop your personal style by looking to your favorite photographers’ portfolios for inspiration. See what elements you like, and try to bring them to life in your own work.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Offer to work friends' weddings for a discounted rate.\", \"描述\": \"This is a great way to get valuable experience and shots for your portfolio. In general, try to avoid doing weddings for free, even if you need the experience. You're trying to launch a real business, and free gigs can be a slippery slope.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Post your couples, elopement, and wedding shoots on Instagram.\", \"描述\": \"When you create a distinct page just for wedding-themed content, you can make it easier for couples to find you.\\nUse location tags so that potential clients can find you by searching popular wedding venues.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"How do you start your wedding photography business?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Create a pricing guide with three different tiers of packages.\", \"描述\": \"To calculate prices for your packages, add up the cost of equipment/travel, labor costs, overhead costs (like software subscriptions, etc.). Then, decide what profit you’d like to make after expenses (ex. 20% profit). If you’re just starting out, you might charge $1,500 for the cheapest package, $2,500 for your mid-tier package, and $3,500 for your most expensive package.\\nYour cheapest package might include just an 8-hr wedding shoot and digital files.\\nFor your medium-priced package, consider including an 8-hr wedding shoot, an engagement session, and digital files.\\nYour highest-priced package might include an 8-hr wedding shoot, an engagement session, digital files, a second photographer, and an album or print photos.\\nAvoid severely underpricing or undervaluing your work. You’ve built up a portfolio and you have gear upkeep, software subscriptions, and other expenses to pay!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"License your business and set up contracts to give to clients.\", \"描述\": \"Getting a business license can enhance your credibility, and depending on where you live, it may be required for tax purposes. Similarly, contracts provide legal protection for you and your clients in case something goes wrong. You’ll create agreements on your right to use the photos on your website/portfolio, what the clients can expect from the photos, and how much you’ll be paid.\\nYou can hire a lawyer to draw up contracts and photo releases or find several contracts for free online.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get insurance.\", \"描述\": \"General liability insurance protects you if you’re unable to complete your normal duties, while equipment insurance protects you in case of accidental injury or damage to your gear. How much you’ll pay for insurance will depend on the value of your gear, the types of locations you shoot, and whether you need special policies like commercial auto insurance (if you use your car exclusively for work). On average, you’ll pay between $1,500-2,500 per year for general liability insurance.\\nSome venues might even require you to have a certificate of insurance (COI) for you to be able to shoot at a wedding.\\nSince there’s no official “photography insurance” you can look for a business owner’s policy (BOP) through standard policy providers which will cover general liability and property insurance.\\nIf you’re a member of a photography organization like Professional Photographers of America (PPA), you might be able to get insured through the organization.\\nYou can write off all photography-related insurance costs as a business expense.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"How much money do wedding photographers make?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wedding photographers charge $1,000-$10,000 per wedding.\", \"描述\": \"The price you can charge varies depending on your experience, the size of the wedding/wealth of the client, and even your geographical region (rates in a rural area are lower than coastal cities).\\nThe median salary for wedding photographers in 2021 is around $41,280 per year.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"How should you communicate with clients?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set clear expectations with your clients.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure you’re on the same page about your style, the clients’ must-have photos, and delivery. When you initially meet with your clients, encourage them to look through your portfolio again so they can have a solid idea of what photos they’ll be getting.\\nCreate a shoot list with your clients to ensure you don’t miss any must-have photos.\\nDecide how and when you’ll deliver the photos. Do your clients want digital access only or will you also provide prints? Should they expect the photos in 2 weeks after the wedding or in 2 months?\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don’t be afraid to communicate with guests who interfere with your job.\", \"描述\": \"At the wedding, if a guest is in the way of one of your shots, politely ask them to move. If you’re concerned about keeping the wedding on schedule, it’s alright to kindly tell guests that it’s time to move along.\\nTo ask a guest to move out of a shot say, “Can you please move a bit to the side? I can’t see the bride, and I want these photos to turn out well for the couple. Thank you!”\\nTo encourage guests to stay on schedule, say, “We’ve already taken a lot of photos, and I think they turned out well, but now it’s time for the couple to head to the reception.”\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Be friendly. You’ll get the best photos when people feel relaxed around you and clients are looking to buy an experience, not just photos.[33]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Visit the venue or take photos of the set up before the wedding. Take some test shots to see how the lighting looks, and look for any especially picturesque spots.[34]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"While your photos should focus on the people at the wedding, don’t forget to photograph the little details, like a champagne glass on a table, or the wedding cake.[35]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"The job of a wedding photographer can be pretty physically demanding. You might be carrying up to twelve pounds of photography gear for eight to ten hours on the wedding day. Wear comfortable shoes on the job, and see a doctor for any aches and pains.[37]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,879 |
How to Become a Wedding Planner
|
1. Getting Skills and Experience
1-1. Get an internship at a wedding planning company.
Visit the websites of different wedding planning companies to see if they have any internship opportunities available. If you can’t find one, apply to a banquet or event planning internship at a major hotel to get some relevant experience.
Make sure your cover letter and resume are well written and up to date.
If you’re interested in a particular company but can’t find any internship opportunities with them, don’t be afraid to reach out. Just make sure you’ve given their website a thorough search first.
1-2. Volunteer at a wedding planning company if you have limited time.
Internships can be extremely time consuming. If you’re working a full-time job while trying to learn the ropes of the industry, ask to volunteer as an intern at a reputable company a few times a week. It’s free work for them, and valuable experience for you!
1-3. Plan free events for family and friends.
Experience is super important, so if you can’t get an internship or just want more practice, offer to plan birthdays, weddings, and parties for family and friends, free of charge. Treat these people like clients. It’s good practice for your future career, plus they can be valuable references down the line.
Take pictures of the events so you can start building your portfolio.
1-4. Apply for entry-level jobs at public relations or event planning firms.
These jobs can help you develop your event planning and client management skills, both of which are key to breaking into the wedding planning business.
1-5. Take classes in photography and wedding design.
As a wedding planner, you’ll need to help the couple pick out the decorations, the cake, and the wedding photographer. Taking classes in floral design, cake design, and photography can prepare you to make top notch decisions. Take online classes or see what’s available in your community.
1-6. Check out wedding planning blogs, books, and websites.
Read, read, read. While there’s nothing like learning from experience, reading advice from other professionals can give you valuable insights, tips, and tricks.
The FabJob Guide to Become a Wedding Planner by Catherine Goulet & Jan Riddell is a great book for beginners. Wedding Planning and Management by Carrie Loveless & Maggie Daniel has useful information about the planning process, plus some good case studies.
Check out blogs like Bayside Bride and Snippet and Ink for style inspiration.
Visit Brenda’s Wedding Blog for a vendor guide, creative wedding decor and food ideas, and marketing tips: http://www.brendasweddingblog.com/blogs/.
1-7. Take business or marketing courses if you are in college.
As a wedding planner, you’ll be running a business, so a solid understanding of business is helpful. A degree in Communications, Public Relations, or Business can help equip you with the management and business skills that you’ll need in the wedding planning industry.
You can also take classes at your local community college or online.
Don’t worry if you can’t take business classes. They’re helpful, but not necessary. Practical experience trumps all!
2. Understanding the Job Requirements
2-1. Meet with the client to develop a personalized wedding plan.
Working with clients is at the heart of wedding planning. Discuss the client’s preferences in detail and get a budget. Keep in mind that it’s your job to book the venue, select caterers, pick a photographer, hire music and entertainment, and consult the clients on invitations and wardrobe.
You’ll be responsible for coordinating all aspects of the wedding--rehearsals, the reception, the ceremony, and any travel arrangements--while sticking to the budget.
Additionally, the wedding planner has to attend the wedding to make sure everything goes according to plan.
Every client is different. Some will want to be super involved in the planning process, while others will just want to discuss the big picture. Talking to your clients and learning their preferences upfront will make your job a lot easier.
2-2. Respect the couple’s tastes.
Remember, you should plan a wedding according to the couple’s preferences, not your own. It’s good to offer your judgment, but don’t let your own tastes dominate your client’s.
The couple may ask for color schemes or decor that you find downright unattractive. However, it’s their wedding, not yours, so honor their choices.
Couples often ask for style advice. Feel free to give your opinions in this case.
2-3. Work on your people skills.
This job is all about interacting with people. Besides working with the (potentially stressed-out) couple to plan the wedding, you’ll have to deal with people involved in catering, entertainment, decorations, and the venue. Plus, you’ll need to mingle with ease at the wedding and deal gracefully with rowdy relatives.
Being a good listener is key. You need to understand what your clients want so you can deliver a fantastic wedding that’s memorable--in a good way.
Weddings can be stressful and emotional, so it’s important that you stay cool, calm, and collected throughout the process.
2-4. Be organized.
Planning a wedding requires some pretty intense multi-tasking. From flowers to cakes to seating plans, you’ll have to arrange everything on time and under budget. A digital or paper calendar is your best friend.
Create a separate file for each client. Write down all the important dates and every client request and vendor transaction.
Make sure you are easy to reach. Have your phone with you at all times and regularly check your email.
2-5. Maintain good relationships with your professional contacts.
That includes companies you’ve interned for, clients, and vendors you’ve worked with. Always be professional and gracious. Networking can help you get jobs at wedding planning firms, bring in new clients, and get deals from top vendors.
2-6. Be prepared to work on weekends and after normal business hours.
Most clients will have full time jobs, so they’ll need to meet with you outside of business hours. Plus, weddings are usually on the weekends, and you’ll need to be there to supervise.
Expect late night calls and consultations with the bride or groom.
Responsiveness is vital to keeping your clients happy. Be prepared to take occasional unscheduled calls from a frazzled bride.
2-7. Learn to handle issues with vendors.
Planning a wedding isn’t all champagne and cake. In fact, you should expect hiccups throughout the process. A vendor may cancel at the last minute, or the wrong dress may get shipped. You need to stay calm in these situations and work with your available resources to solve the problem.
Always have a backup plan, and show up with extra supplies that vendors might forget.
Don’t tell the couple about these issues unless it’s absolutely necessary. Do your best to sort them out on your own first.
Make sure you maintain good relationships with all your past vendors so you have options in case of last minute cancellations.
3. Starting Your Business
3-1. License your business.
You may want to get a job at a wedding planning firm. However, if you’re starting your own wedding planning business, you’ll need to get it licensed. Licensing involves a combination of federal and local permits. Visit your local government’s website to see what steps you should take.
Keep in mind that there’s no specific wedding planner business license.
3-2. Create a website for your business.
This is like your digital brochure. Your website should include your contact information, services offered, references, and high quality photos of your past weddings. A personalized business story is a nice touch.
Sites like Weebly and Wordpress offer easy-to-use website building software. You can use these tools for free, but you’ll have to pay for things like ad blocking, advanced templates, and a custom domain name.
If you don’t have any photos yet, don’t use stock photos! Either leave your gallery blank, or set up some nice flower arrangements or table settings in your home and snap a few high quality photos.
3-3. Develop a marketing strategy.
Digital marketing is the easiest and cheapest way to reach clients. Consider using Facebook or Google AdWords to promote your business. Search for “wedding planners in [your area]” and try to list your business on a few of the top sites.
Check online directories like Team Wedding and Home of Top Wedding Sites for advertising rates.
Local bridal shows can be a great place to network with vendors and meet potential clients. Presentation here is key, so make sure your booth looks sleek and professional.
Enlist friends and family to distribute old school business cards and pamphlets. Bring them with you to bridals shows and community centers.
3-4. Get the necessary paperwork for your clients.
Ideally, you should have a client services agreement, a liability agreement, and a sales document that outlines your terms. These will protect you in case of legal issues. Talk to a lawyer to help you write up these documents.
3-5. Price your services according to the local market and your experience.
See what your competitors are charging, and pick a similar price point. If you’re new, you should charge a little less than the seasoned professionals, but don’t knock too much off the price. You still need to make a profit, after all.
Negotiating prices with clients isn’t uncommon, but definitely think twice before lowering your prices for client. You don’t want to sell yourself short.
Tips
Join a professional bridal association to stay on top of the latest trends and learn from a supportive community of fellow wedding planners.
Always dress professionally when meeting with clients.
Warnings
Creating a profitable wedding planning business takes time and effort. Make sure you’re passionate about wedding planning before you commit to this career path.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:05",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting Skills and Experience\\n1-1. Get an internship at a wedding planning company.\\nVisit the websites of different wedding planning companies to see if they have any internship opportunities available. If you can’t find one, apply to a banquet or event planning internship at a major hotel to get some relevant experience.\\nMake sure your cover letter and resume are well written and up to date.\\nIf you’re interested in a particular company but can’t find any internship opportunities with them, don’t be afraid to reach out. Just make sure you’ve given their website a thorough search first.\\n1-2. Volunteer at a wedding planning company if you have limited time.\\nInternships can be extremely time consuming. If you’re working a full-time job while trying to learn the ropes of the industry, ask to volunteer as an intern at a reputable company a few times a week. It’s free work for them, and valuable experience for you!\\n1-3. Plan free events for family and friends.\\nExperience is super important, so if you can’t get an internship or just want more practice, offer to plan birthdays, weddings, and parties for family and friends, free of charge. Treat these people like clients. It’s good practice for your future career, plus they can be valuable references down the line.\\nTake pictures of the events so you can start building your portfolio.\\n1-4. Apply for entry-level jobs at public relations or event planning firms.\\nThese jobs can help you develop your event planning and client management skills, both of which are key to breaking into the wedding planning business.\\n1-5. Take classes in photography and wedding design.\\nAs a wedding planner, you’ll need to help the couple pick out the decorations, the cake, and the wedding photographer. Taking classes in floral design, cake design, and photography can prepare you to make top notch decisions. Take online classes or see what’s available in your community.\\n1-6. Check out wedding planning blogs, books, and websites.\\nRead, read, read. While there’s nothing like learning from experience, reading advice from other professionals can give you valuable insights, tips, and tricks.\\n\\nThe FabJob Guide to Become a Wedding Planner by Catherine Goulet & Jan Riddell is a great book for beginners. Wedding Planning and Management by Carrie Loveless & Maggie Daniel has useful information about the planning process, plus some good case studies.\\nCheck out blogs like Bayside Bride and Snippet and Ink for style inspiration.\\nVisit Brenda’s Wedding Blog for a vendor guide, creative wedding decor and food ideas, and marketing tips: http://www.brendasweddingblog.com/blogs/.\\n1-7. Take business or marketing courses if you are in college.\\nAs a wedding planner, you’ll be running a business, so a solid understanding of business is helpful. A degree in Communications, Public Relations, or Business can help equip you with the management and business skills that you’ll need in the wedding planning industry.\\nYou can also take classes at your local community college or online.\\nDon’t worry if you can’t take business classes. They’re helpful, but not necessary. Practical experience trumps all!\\n2. Understanding the Job Requirements\\n2-1. Meet with the client to develop a personalized wedding plan.\\nWorking with clients is at the heart of wedding planning. Discuss the client’s preferences in detail and get a budget. Keep in mind that it’s your job to book the venue, select caterers, pick a photographer, hire music and entertainment, and consult the clients on invitations and wardrobe.\\nYou’ll be responsible for coordinating all aspects of the wedding--rehearsals, the reception, the ceremony, and any travel arrangements--while sticking to the budget.\\nAdditionally, the wedding planner has to attend the wedding to make sure everything goes according to plan.\\nEvery client is different. Some will want to be super involved in the planning process, while others will just want to discuss the big picture. Talking to your clients and learning their preferences upfront will make your job a lot easier.\\n2-2. Respect the couple’s tastes.\\nRemember, you should plan a wedding according to the couple’s preferences, not your own. It’s good to offer your judgment, but don’t let your own tastes dominate your client’s.\\nThe couple may ask for color schemes or decor that you find downright unattractive. However, it’s their wedding, not yours, so honor their choices.\\nCouples often ask for style advice. Feel free to give your opinions in this case.\\n2-3. Work on your people skills.\\nThis job is all about interacting with people. Besides working with the (potentially stressed-out) couple to plan the wedding, you’ll have to deal with people involved in catering, entertainment, decorations, and the venue. Plus, you’ll need to mingle with ease at the wedding and deal gracefully with rowdy relatives.\\nBeing a good listener is key. You need to understand what your clients want so you can deliver a fantastic wedding that’s memorable--in a good way.\\nWeddings can be stressful and emotional, so it’s important that you stay cool, calm, and collected throughout the process.\\n2-4. Be organized.\\nPlanning a wedding requires some pretty intense multi-tasking. From flowers to cakes to seating plans, you’ll have to arrange everything on time and under budget. A digital or paper calendar is your best friend.\\nCreate a separate file for each client. Write down all the important dates and every client request and vendor transaction.\\nMake sure you are easy to reach. Have your phone with you at all times and regularly check your email.\\n2-5. Maintain good relationships with your professional contacts.\\nThat includes companies you’ve interned for, clients, and vendors you’ve worked with. Always be professional and gracious. Networking can help you get jobs at wedding planning firms, bring in new clients, and get deals from top vendors.\\n2-6. Be prepared to work on weekends and after normal business hours.\\nMost clients will have full time jobs, so they’ll need to meet with you outside of business hours. Plus, weddings are usually on the weekends, and you’ll need to be there to supervise.\\nExpect late night calls and consultations with the bride or groom.\\nResponsiveness is vital to keeping your clients happy. Be prepared to take occasional unscheduled calls from a frazzled bride.\\n2-7. Learn to handle issues with vendors.\\nPlanning a wedding isn’t all champagne and cake. In fact, you should expect hiccups throughout the process. A vendor may cancel at the last minute, or the wrong dress may get shipped. You need to stay calm in these situations and work with your available resources to solve the problem.\\nAlways have a backup plan, and show up with extra supplies that vendors might forget.\\nDon’t tell the couple about these issues unless it’s absolutely necessary. Do your best to sort them out on your own first.\\nMake sure you maintain good relationships with all your past vendors so you have options in case of last minute cancellations.\\n3. Starting Your Business\\n3-1. License your business.\\nYou may want to get a job at a wedding planning firm. However, if you’re starting your own wedding planning business, you’ll need to get it licensed. Licensing involves a combination of federal and local permits. Visit your local government’s website to see what steps you should take.\\nKeep in mind that there’s no specific wedding planner business license.\\n3-2. Create a website for your business.\\nThis is like your digital brochure. Your website should include your contact information, services offered, references, and high quality photos of your past weddings. A personalized business story is a nice touch.\\nSites like Weebly and Wordpress offer easy-to-use website building software. You can use these tools for free, but you’ll have to pay for things like ad blocking, advanced templates, and a custom domain name.\\nIf you don’t have any photos yet, don’t use stock photos! Either leave your gallery blank, or set up some nice flower arrangements or table settings in your home and snap a few high quality photos.\\n3-3. Develop a marketing strategy.\\nDigital marketing is the easiest and cheapest way to reach clients. Consider using Facebook or Google AdWords to promote your business. Search for “wedding planners in [your area]” and try to list your business on a few of the top sites.\\nCheck online directories like Team Wedding and Home of Top Wedding Sites for advertising rates.\\nLocal bridal shows can be a great place to network with vendors and meet potential clients. Presentation here is key, so make sure your booth looks sleek and professional.\\nEnlist friends and family to distribute old school business cards and pamphlets. Bring them with you to bridals shows and community centers.\\n3-4. Get the necessary paperwork for your clients.\\nIdeally, you should have a client services agreement, a liability agreement, and a sales document that outlines your terms. These will protect you in case of legal issues. Talk to a lawyer to help you write up these documents.\\n3-5. Price your services according to the local market and your experience.\\nSee what your competitors are charging, and pick a similar price point. If you’re new, you should charge a little less than the seasoned professionals, but don’t knock too much off the price. You still need to make a profit, after all.\\nNegotiating prices with clients isn’t uncommon, but definitely think twice before lowering your prices for client. You don’t want to sell yourself short.\\nTips\\nJoin a professional bridal association to stay on top of the latest trends and learn from a supportive community of fellow wedding planners.\\nAlways dress professionally when meeting with clients.\\nWarnings\\nCreating a profitable wedding planning business takes time and effort. Make sure you’re passionate about wedding planning before you commit to this career path.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Planning a wedding is a challenging, exciting, and sometimes crazy process. If that sounds like your kind of thing, being a wedding planner might be the perfect career move for you. But how do you get started? To help you out, we've put together the ultimate guide to become a wedding planner, regardless of how much experience you have. Keep reading to learn how to start pursuing this exciting, rewarding career.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting Skills and Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get an internship at a wedding planning company.\", \"描述\": \"Visit the websites of different wedding planning companies to see if they have any internship opportunities available. If you can’t find one, apply to a banquet or event planning internship at a major hotel to get some relevant experience.\\nMake sure your cover letter and resume are well written and up to date.\\nIf you’re interested in a particular company but can’t find any internship opportunities with them, don’t be afraid to reach out. Just make sure you’ve given their website a thorough search first.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Volunteer at a wedding planning company if you have limited time.\", \"描述\": \"Internships can be extremely time consuming. If you’re working a full-time job while trying to learn the ropes of the industry, ask to volunteer as an intern at a reputable company a few times a week. It’s free work for them, and valuable experience for you!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Plan free events for family and friends.\", \"描述\": \"Experience is super important, so if you can’t get an internship or just want more practice, offer to plan birthdays, weddings, and parties for family and friends, free of charge. Treat these people like clients. It’s good practice for your future career, plus they can be valuable references down the line.\\nTake pictures of the events so you can start building your portfolio.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply for entry-level jobs at public relations or event planning firms.\", \"描述\": \"These jobs can help you develop your event planning and client management skills, both of which are key to breaking into the wedding planning business.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take classes in photography and wedding design.\", \"描述\": \"As a wedding planner, you’ll need to help the couple pick out the decorations, the cake, and the wedding photographer. Taking classes in floral design, cake design, and photography can prepare you to make top notch decisions. Take online classes or see what’s available in your community.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Check out wedding planning blogs, books, and websites.\", \"描述\": \"Read, read, read. While there’s nothing like learning from experience, reading advice from other professionals can give you valuable insights, tips, and tricks.\\n\\nThe FabJob Guide to Become a Wedding Planner by Catherine Goulet & Jan Riddell is a great book for beginners. Wedding Planning and Management by Carrie Loveless & Maggie Daniel has useful information about the planning process, plus some good case studies.\\nCheck out blogs like Bayside Bride and Snippet and Ink for style inspiration.\\nVisit Brenda’s Wedding Blog for a vendor guide, creative wedding decor and food ideas, and marketing tips: http://www.brendasweddingblog.com/blogs/.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Take business or marketing courses if you are in college.\", \"描述\": \"As a wedding planner, you’ll be running a business, so a solid understanding of business is helpful. A degree in Communications, Public Relations, or Business can help equip you with the management and business skills that you’ll need in the wedding planning industry.\\nYou can also take classes at your local community college or online.\\nDon’t worry if you can’t take business classes. They’re helpful, but not necessary. Practical experience trumps all!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understanding the Job Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meet with the client to develop a personalized wedding plan.\", \"描述\": \"Working with clients is at the heart of wedding planning. Discuss the client’s preferences in detail and get a budget. Keep in mind that it’s your job to book the venue, select caterers, pick a photographer, hire music and entertainment, and consult the clients on invitations and wardrobe.\\nYou’ll be responsible for coordinating all aspects of the wedding--rehearsals, the reception, the ceremony, and any travel arrangements--while sticking to the budget.\\nAdditionally, the wedding planner has to attend the wedding to make sure everything goes according to plan.\\nEvery client is different. Some will want to be super involved in the planning process, while others will just want to discuss the big picture. Talking to your clients and learning their preferences upfront will make your job a lot easier.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Respect the couple’s tastes.\", \"描述\": \"Remember, you should plan a wedding according to the couple’s preferences, not your own. It’s good to offer your judgment, but don’t let your own tastes dominate your client’s.\\nThe couple may ask for color schemes or decor that you find downright unattractive. However, it’s their wedding, not yours, so honor their choices.\\nCouples often ask for style advice. Feel free to give your opinions in this case.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work on your people skills.\", \"描述\": \"This job is all about interacting with people. Besides working with the (potentially stressed-out) couple to plan the wedding, you’ll have to deal with people involved in catering, entertainment, decorations, and the venue. Plus, you’ll need to mingle with ease at the wedding and deal gracefully with rowdy relatives.\\nBeing a good listener is key. You need to understand what your clients want so you can deliver a fantastic wedding that’s memorable--in a good way.\\nWeddings can be stressful and emotional, so it’s important that you stay cool, calm, and collected throughout the process.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be organized.\", \"描述\": \"Planning a wedding requires some pretty intense multi-tasking. From flowers to cakes to seating plans, you’ll have to arrange everything on time and under budget. A digital or paper calendar is your best friend.\\nCreate a separate file for each client. Write down all the important dates and every client request and vendor transaction.\\nMake sure you are easy to reach. Have your phone with you at all times and regularly check your email.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Maintain good relationships with your professional contacts.\", \"描述\": \"That includes companies you’ve interned for, clients, and vendors you’ve worked with. Always be professional and gracious. Networking can help you get jobs at wedding planning firms, bring in new clients, and get deals from top vendors.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Be prepared to work on weekends and after normal business hours.\", \"描述\": \"Most clients will have full time jobs, so they’ll need to meet with you outside of business hours. Plus, weddings are usually on the weekends, and you’ll need to be there to supervise.\\nExpect late night calls and consultations with the bride or groom.\\nResponsiveness is vital to keeping your clients happy. Be prepared to take occasional unscheduled calls from a frazzled bride.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Learn to handle issues with vendors.\", \"描述\": \"Planning a wedding isn’t all champagne and cake. In fact, you should expect hiccups throughout the process. A vendor may cancel at the last minute, or the wrong dress may get shipped. You need to stay calm in these situations and work with your available resources to solve the problem.\\nAlways have a backup plan, and show up with extra supplies that vendors might forget.\\nDon’t tell the couple about these issues unless it’s absolutely necessary. Do your best to sort them out on your own first.\\nMake sure you maintain good relationships with all your past vendors so you have options in case of last minute cancellations.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Starting Your Business\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"License your business.\", \"描述\": \"You may want to get a job at a wedding planning firm. However, if you’re starting your own wedding planning business, you’ll need to get it licensed. Licensing involves a combination of federal and local permits. Visit your local government’s website to see what steps you should take.\\nKeep in mind that there’s no specific wedding planner business license.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Create a website for your business.\", \"描述\": \"This is like your digital brochure. Your website should include your contact information, services offered, references, and high quality photos of your past weddings. A personalized business story is a nice touch.\\nSites like Weebly and Wordpress offer easy-to-use website building software. You can use these tools for free, but you’ll have to pay for things like ad blocking, advanced templates, and a custom domain name.\\nIf you don’t have any photos yet, don’t use stock photos! Either leave your gallery blank, or set up some nice flower arrangements or table settings in your home and snap a few high quality photos.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Develop a marketing strategy.\", \"描述\": \"Digital marketing is the easiest and cheapest way to reach clients. Consider using Facebook or Google AdWords to promote your business. Search for “wedding planners in [your area]” and try to list your business on a few of the top sites.\\nCheck online directories like Team Wedding and Home of Top Wedding Sites for advertising rates.\\nLocal bridal shows can be a great place to network with vendors and meet potential clients. Presentation here is key, so make sure your booth looks sleek and professional.\\nEnlist friends and family to distribute old school business cards and pamphlets. Bring them with you to bridals shows and community centers.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get the necessary paperwork for your clients.\", \"描述\": \"Ideally, you should have a client services agreement, a liability agreement, and a sales document that outlines your terms. These will protect you in case of legal issues. Talk to a lawyer to help you write up these documents.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Price your services according to the local market and your experience.\", \"描述\": \"See what your competitors are charging, and pick a similar price point. If you’re new, you should charge a little less than the seasoned professionals, but don’t knock too much off the price. You still need to make a profit, after all.\\nNegotiating prices with clients isn’t uncommon, but definitely think twice before lowering your prices for client. You don’t want to sell yourself short.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Join a professional bridal association to stay on top of the latest trends and learn from a supportive community of fellow wedding planners.\\n\", \"Always dress professionally when meeting with clients.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Creating a profitable wedding planning business takes time and effort. Make sure you’re passionate about wedding planning before you commit to this career path.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,880 |
How to Become a Welcome Wagon User on wikiHow
|
1. Steps
1-1. Get some experience before applying.
Your account should be at least a month old, with significant editing activity, before you apply. This is because you will need to be able to help users if they come across any problems.
You don't need to know every policy (like an Admin or Booster does), but you do need to know how to be friendly and encouraging, and point people in the correct direction.
Try greeting newcomers from the new contributors page, following these guidelines. This will help you to get some experience and pass the test.
Ask other Welcomers for advice. The best way to improve is to have feedback from a real person. Visit this list for active Welcomers.
1-2. Be familiar with your role as a Welcome Wagon user, should you pass the test.
Read up on How to Use the Welcome Wagon Tool on wikiHow. It will give you a brief explanation on how the tool looks.
1-3. Take the Welcome Wagon test.
Visit and read the ten provided new user scenarios. Write responses to at least five of them. Make sure they are positive and personalized - don't copy from a template!
You can write your answers in an email (that you'll send when finished) or Google Doc (no need to include the questions with your responses). Number each answer (e.g. "User2" right above that answer), and make sure the numbering matches the numbers on the test.
Remember to use steps in the "Writing a Welcome Message" section of How to Welcome New wikiHow Users.
Use wikiText the same way you would when posting a talk page message. Examples are weaving links and formatting text with , italic, and/or underline if you wish.
1-4. Email
Send it to [email protected]. You should receive a reply in a week or so, letting you know if you passed the test.
Be sure to include your wikiHow username in the email so that Jayne (a wikiHow staff member) knows who to add the Welcome Wagon rights to if you pass the test.
Don't lose heart if you don't pass on your first try. You can try again a month later, and in the meantime you can practice other skills!
If you pass, you can add yourself to this list of active Welcomers.
Tips
Don't rush the test. You might want to type the test up somewhere and go back every day, changing your answers as needed. That way, you'll have had rest in between each modification and will probably score better.
If you want to make any links in your answers look real, you can change the color of them to match the colors of links on wikiHow. The color code is #6ba96b.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:05",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Get some experience before applying.\\nYour account should be at least a month old, with significant editing activity, before you apply. This is because you will need to be able to help users if they come across any problems.\\nYou don't need to know every policy (like an Admin or Booster does), but you do need to know how to be friendly and encouraging, and point people in the correct direction.\\nTry greeting newcomers from the new contributors page, following these guidelines. This will help you to get some experience and pass the test.\\nAsk other Welcomers for advice. The best way to improve is to have feedback from a real person. Visit this list for active Welcomers.\\n1-2. Be familiar with your role as a Welcome Wagon user, should you pass the test.\\nRead up on How to Use the Welcome Wagon Tool on wikiHow. It will give you a brief explanation on how the tool looks.\\n1-3. Take the Welcome Wagon test.\\nVisit and read the ten provided new user scenarios. Write responses to at least five of them. Make sure they are positive and personalized - don't copy from a template!\\nYou can write your answers in an email (that you'll send when finished) or Google Doc (no need to include the questions with your responses). Number each answer (e.g. \\\"User2\\\" right above that answer), and make sure the numbering matches the numbers on the test.\\nRemember to use steps in the \\\"Writing a Welcome Message\\\" section of How to Welcome New wikiHow Users.\\nUse wikiText the same way you would when posting a talk page message. Examples are weaving links and formatting text with , italic, and/or underline if you wish.\\n1-4. Email\\nSend it to [email protected]. You should receive a reply in a week or so, letting you know if you passed the test.\\nBe sure to include your wikiHow username in the email so that Jayne (a wikiHow staff member) knows who to add the Welcome Wagon rights to if you pass the test.\\nDon't lose heart if you don't pass on your first try. You can try again a month later, and in the meantime you can practice other skills!\\nIf you pass, you can add yourself to this list of active Welcomers.\\nTips\\nDon't rush the test. You might want to type the test up somewhere and go back every day, changing your answers as needed. That way, you'll have had rest in between each modification and will probably score better.\\nIf you want to make any links in your answers look real, you can change the color of them to match the colors of links on wikiHow. The color code is #6ba96b.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Are you familiar with the basic (or advanced) ins and outs of wikiHow, and interested in using the Welcome Wagon to welcome new contributors to the community? Users who are trusted to use the Welcome Wagon feature are called \\\"Welcomers\\\". Becoming a welcomer is easy - all you need to do is take and pass a simple test. This article explains the steps required to become one.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get some experience before applying.\", \"描述\": \"Your account should be at least a month old, with significant editing activity, before you apply. This is because you will need to be able to help users if they come across any problems.\\nYou don't need to know every policy (like an Admin or Booster does), but you do need to know how to be friendly and encouraging, and point people in the correct direction.\\nTry greeting newcomers from the new contributors page, following these guidelines. This will help you to get some experience and pass the test.\\nAsk other Welcomers for advice. The best way to improve is to have feedback from a real person. Visit this list for active Welcomers.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be familiar with your role as a Welcome Wagon user, should you pass the test.\", \"描述\": \"Read up on How to Use the Welcome Wagon Tool on wikiHow. It will give you a brief explanation on how the tool looks.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take the Welcome Wagon test.\", \"描述\": \"Visit and read the ten provided new user scenarios. Write responses to at least five of them. Make sure they are positive and personalized - don't copy from a template!\\nYou can write your answers in an email (that you'll send when finished) or Google Doc (no need to include the questions with your responses). Number each answer (e.g. \\\"User2\\\" right above that answer), and make sure the numbering matches the numbers on the test.\\nRemember to use steps in the \\\"Writing a Welcome Message\\\" section of How to Welcome New wikiHow Users.\\nUse wikiText the same way you would when posting a talk page message. Examples are weaving links and formatting text with , italic, and/or underline if you wish.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Email\", \"描述\": \"Send it to [email protected]. You should receive a reply in a week or so, letting you know if you passed the test.\\nBe sure to include your wikiHow username in the email so that Jayne (a wikiHow staff member) knows who to add the Welcome Wagon rights to if you pass the test.\\nDon't lose heart if you don't pass on your first try. You can try again a month later, and in the meantime you can practice other skills!\\nIf you pass, you can add yourself to this list of active Welcomers.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Don't rush the test. You might want to type the test up somewhere and go back every day, changing your answers as needed. That way, you'll have had rest in between each modification and will probably score better.\\n\", \"If you want to make any links in your answers look real, you can change the color of them to match the colors of links on wikiHow. The color code is #6ba96b.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,881 |
How to Become a Welder
|
1. Learning to Weld
1-1. Understand the demands of the job.
Commercial welders must be physically and mentally fit, with excellent hand-eye coordination, and the ability to stay focused on a repetitive task for long periods of time. The clumsy and careless need not apply. Welders take serious pride in their work and in the skills required to complete a job properly.
A good welder also needs to be self-motivated and a self-starter, since part of the job might involve freelancing, finding your own projects and jobs. Welders can be in high demand, but it'll be up to you to seek out that demand and find the jobs that require a good and knowledgeable welder.
As a welder, you'll be around hot metal, bright lights, and noxious fumes every day. In many welding jobs, you will be working around heavy equipment that can cause serious injury. It is imperative to gain some understanding of all of the potential dangers possible prior to embarking upon a pursuit of welding certification and employment.
1-2. Research welding training programs near you.
If you don't have any experience welding on-the-job, finding a training program is the best way to get started. Many community colleges have welding programs, as do adult vocational programs and trade schools. These are the most reliable way to get into the industry, and a good program will include job placement assistance to help you get a foot in the door. The American Welding Society (AWS) provides a searchable database of welding schools found here.
In the United States, the three most prestigious private welding schools are the Tulsa Welding School, the Hobart Institute of Welding Technology, and the Lincoln Welding School.
Scholarships are available on the AWS scholarship page on their website. Many companies and unions will also provide scholarships, as many regions have a shortage of welders and both types of organizations have an interest in training more.
1-3. Get some basic experience welding
You can't learn welding from a book. Welding is a hands-on trade that you can only learn by taking an introductory-level class, signing up for an apprenticeship program that will give you on-the job training, or enrolling in a welding school and building the skills necessary to weld metal.
If you've got no experiencing welding, or have some informal training from tinkering around at home and you want to learn more, start by taking an introductory welding course at a community college or tech school in your area to learn about the safety skills required and the mechanics of the job, then practice on your own as much as possible.
Learn to strike an arc, tack, and control your puddles. You've got to start somewhere, and the first essential skills in welding are in making small welds, called tacks, to get the metal to stick together without clamps to hold it, and then accurately controlling your arc and wire or rod feed as you connect the pieces. It'll take some practice and guidance, so seek out experienced welders to show you the ropes when you're first getting started.
Many industrial welding jobs these days are done with flux core welding machines, which automatically unspool wire, making jobs much easier and more efficient. If you want to get experience welding and getting paid for it, practice this kind of welding, which will be one of the most common type of work you'll encounter.
1-4. Learn which types of welding you'll need for specific jobs.
Welders are needed for many different tasks, and some industries or types of job use certain kinds of welding more than others. Learn the basic types, and if you're aiming for a specific industry, learn the correct type:
MIG welding, or metal inert gas welding, is commonly used to fabricate steel, stainless steel, and aluminum. The automotive industry, shipyards, and many other industries use MIG welding, increasingly the flux-cored variety.
Stick welding, also called Shielded-Metal Arc Welding, is a simple and popular type of welding due to its low cost and ease of use. It is often used in construction jobs and in home projects.
TIG welding, or tungsten inert gas welding, is a slow process that requires clean metal. However, it can make a high quality weld for almost any metal. Architectural fabrication shops often use TIG for stainless steel welding. TIG welding is considered high-skill, so if you train in TIG and find a place that uses it, you'll increase your chance at a job.
There are many more varieties of welding which tend to be less common than the three above. Some of these, such as Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding, are highly specialized and only used in a few fields, such as bicycle and airplane manufacturing.
1-5. Participate in an apprenticeship program.
Many companies offer on-the-job training through apprenticeship programs, where you'll be doing entry level welding work but hopefully have the chance to learn more. As you complete more hours in apprenticeship programs, your level of accreditation will rise.
Typically, fully completing your apprenticeship and rising to "journeyman" rank takes around three years. However, this varies widely by region, even within the same country in the case of United States and Canada.
Some areas of the world may not have a formal apprenticeship program at all, but on the job training programs will still help you land a job when you're not yet an experienced welder, and gain the skills you need to qualify for more advanced jobs.
Find programs with job placement assistance. A good welding program should assist its students in finding a job once the program is complete. Preferably, your program should include opportunities to meet potential employers.
2. Getting the Proper Certifications
2-1. Learn about the different types of employment available to welders.
Like any job, it's important to understand the difference between what will be expected of you as an entry-level welder and what will be expected of you in other welding openings for jobs you might find advertised for welders. The type of experience and certifications you'll need will vary, depending on the type of position you want to pursue.
do one thing–weld metal. Good welders can consistently find work in all types of manufacturing, performing their trade skill in the making of cars, ships, heavy machinery, and other essential items. If two pieces of metal need to be fused together, the welder is the person for the job. The welder doesn't usually assemble the metal to be welded, operate any other kind of machinery, or do anything but weld. Fitters, erectors, operators, and other trades are often involved in processes that require welding.
have more responsibilities, including project management and planning, metallurgy, and overseeing the welders. Welding engineers usually need experience drafting in CAD, and are generally required to have a four-year degree in materials engineering or welding engineering, and often an advanced degree.
must have passed the Certified Welding Instructor certification examination from the AWS, becoming certified to instruct others in the skills necessary to weld. If you have ambitions to teach, many jobs are available for qualified instructors. You need several years of experience with different styles of welding to qualify for this certification.
are certified to evaluate and complete quality standards commensurate with the standards of the AWS. On-the-job experience and working alongside a Senior Welding Inspector are required before completing the certification.
2-2. Get the appropriate AWS certification.
Typically, AWS certification involves a welding test and a written exam that you'll take every six months to a year, depending on regional requirements, to keep your certification up to date. You'll need to obtain the certification necessary for the welding discipline pursued.
In commercial welding, welders often need to complete the AWS GMAW or MIG 3G certification, which is a basic skills test in a variety of different physical positions. Further certifications may be necessary, depending on the skills required for a particular job. This certification allows a welder to take the title "Certified Welder," opening up a variety of job opportunities.
Welding engineers must complete their Welding Engineer AWS Certification, which covers a variety of practical topics, fundamental techniques, and some geometry. With the completion of this test, the welding engineer becomes a Certified Welding Engineer (CWE).
In some areas, including certain U.S. states, you can start working as a welder without certification, but unless you have excellent job experience, you'll have a hard time competing with people with training certification. The Catch-22 is that it can be difficult to qualify for the exam without experience, but you can make up for that by attending school or an apprenticeship program.
2-3. Pursue other skills that complement your welding.
If you aspire to be an engineer, learn to read blueprints, oversee projects, and manage staff to make yourself the roundest, most marketable candidate for new jobs. If you never attended a welding training program, or the program didn't teach you certain skills, try to study them on your own, or ask friendly coworkers for basic training.
Even if the job you're currently working doesn't require you to learn TIG welding, or some other skill you haven't yet acquired, consider learning more along the way to make yourself available for more jobs. The more styles of welding you know, the more variety of jobs you're able to perform.
3. Finding Welding Jobs
3-1. Apply at a variety of locations.
Many different industries will hire welders, and the jobs you're applicable for will vary depending on your experience and your level of certification.
For most jobs, you'll need to provide a resume, proof of your certification, and pass a drug screen before being hired.
3-2. Keep your certification up to date.
Stay on top of your AWS certification's expiration date and complete the recertification procedure as soon as possible. This can have an effect on your pay, in some jobs.
If you're lucky enough to be hired on somewhere full-time, you'll probably have to go through regular re-certifications and new on-the-job training programs. Fortunately, this will probably come with a raise in your pay grade, and new skills.
To make yourself the most marketable candidate for each job, it's important to stay certified and actively seek new certifications to up your pay grade and your marketability for new projects and responsibilities.
3-3. Research more specialized welding jobs and the requirements of specific jobs.
If you know you are interested in a specific type of welding, or an industry that requires a specific type of welding, you may need more training to attain the skills necessary to do a more diverse range of jobs.
Common welding jobs take place in shipyards, factories, construction sites, and along pipelines, although there are many more specialized options as well. If you're interested in a particular industry but aren't sure of the requirements, simply look at job postings online or talk to someone employed in that field.
3-4. Work a variety of jobs if possible.
Once you are an experienced welder with 10 – 20 years in the field, you'll probably have no problem finding steady, well paying employment. The more work you do until that point, in as wide a variety of welding jobs as you can, the quicker you'll learn the various techniques and types of welding in a practical setting.
Consider applying to jobs that require travel. If you cannot find steady employment nearby, look for jobs further away. Many welders travel between jobs, as the largest jobs that require the most welders tend to only last a few months. Some people work for a company that gives them several months on the road followed by several months off.
Tips
Seek out on-the-job training programs, which include sponsored training paid for by employers as a means to control costs.
Participate in many training programs to learn several methods and ensure that the skills are transferable and most marketable in various industries.
Don't be afraid to make and admit to mistakes. Remember, you can't learn unless you get it wrong!
Warnings
Welding involves working with complex machinery and tools that apply extreme heat, emit glaring light and produce potentially noxious fumes. Depending upon the industry, discipline and method of welding, the tools used to complete the job can be hazardous if not handled properly using the appropriate protective gear.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:05",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Learning to Weld\\n1-1. Understand the demands of the job.\\nCommercial welders must be physically and mentally fit, with excellent hand-eye coordination, and the ability to stay focused on a repetitive task for long periods of time. The clumsy and careless need not apply. Welders take serious pride in their work and in the skills required to complete a job properly.\\nA good welder also needs to be self-motivated and a self-starter, since part of the job might involve freelancing, finding your own projects and jobs. Welders can be in high demand, but it'll be up to you to seek out that demand and find the jobs that require a good and knowledgeable welder.\\nAs a welder, you'll be around hot metal, bright lights, and noxious fumes every day. In many welding jobs, you will be working around heavy equipment that can cause serious injury. It is imperative to gain some understanding of all of the potential dangers possible prior to embarking upon a pursuit of welding certification and employment.\\n1-2. Research welding training programs near you.\\nIf you don't have any experience welding on-the-job, finding a training program is the best way to get started. Many community colleges have welding programs, as do adult vocational programs and trade schools. These are the most reliable way to get into the industry, and a good program will include job placement assistance to help you get a foot in the door. The American Welding Society (AWS) provides a searchable database of welding schools found here.\\nIn the United States, the three most prestigious private welding schools are the Tulsa Welding School, the Hobart Institute of Welding Technology, and the Lincoln Welding School.\\nScholarships are available on the AWS scholarship page on their website. Many companies and unions will also provide scholarships, as many regions have a shortage of welders and both types of organizations have an interest in training more.\\n1-3. Get some basic experience welding\\nYou can't learn welding from a book. Welding is a hands-on trade that you can only learn by taking an introductory-level class, signing up for an apprenticeship program that will give you on-the job training, or enrolling in a welding school and building the skills necessary to weld metal.\\nIf you've got no experiencing welding, or have some informal training from tinkering around at home and you want to learn more, start by taking an introductory welding course at a community college or tech school in your area to learn about the safety skills required and the mechanics of the job, then practice on your own as much as possible.\\nLearn to strike an arc, tack, and control your puddles. You've got to start somewhere, and the first essential skills in welding are in making small welds, called tacks, to get the metal to stick together without clamps to hold it, and then accurately controlling your arc and wire or rod feed as you connect the pieces. It'll take some practice and guidance, so seek out experienced welders to show you the ropes when you're first getting started.\\nMany industrial welding jobs these days are done with flux core welding machines, which automatically unspool wire, making jobs much easier and more efficient. If you want to get experience welding and getting paid for it, practice this kind of welding, which will be one of the most common type of work you'll encounter.\\n1-4. Learn which types of welding you'll need for specific jobs.\\nWelders are needed for many different tasks, and some industries or types of job use certain kinds of welding more than others. Learn the basic types, and if you're aiming for a specific industry, learn the correct type:\\nMIG welding, or metal inert gas welding, is commonly used to fabricate steel, stainless steel, and aluminum. The automotive industry, shipyards, and many other industries use MIG welding, increasingly the flux-cored variety.\\nStick welding, also called Shielded-Metal Arc Welding, is a simple and popular type of welding due to its low cost and ease of use. It is often used in construction jobs and in home projects.\\nTIG welding, or tungsten inert gas welding, is a slow process that requires clean metal. However, it can make a high quality weld for almost any metal. Architectural fabrication shops often use TIG for stainless steel welding. TIG welding is considered high-skill, so if you train in TIG and find a place that uses it, you'll increase your chance at a job.\\nThere are many more varieties of welding which tend to be less common than the three above. Some of these, such as Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding, are highly specialized and only used in a few fields, such as bicycle and airplane manufacturing.\\n1-5. Participate in an apprenticeship program.\\nMany companies offer on-the-job training through apprenticeship programs, where you'll be doing entry level welding work but hopefully have the chance to learn more. As you complete more hours in apprenticeship programs, your level of accreditation will rise.\\nTypically, fully completing your apprenticeship and rising to \\\"journeyman\\\" rank takes around three years. However, this varies widely by region, even within the same country in the case of United States and Canada.\\nSome areas of the world may not have a formal apprenticeship program at all, but on the job training programs will still help you land a job when you're not yet an experienced welder, and gain the skills you need to qualify for more advanced jobs.\\nFind programs with job placement assistance. A good welding program should assist its students in finding a job once the program is complete. Preferably, your program should include opportunities to meet potential employers.\\n2. Getting the Proper Certifications\\n2-1. Learn about the different types of employment available to welders.\\nLike any job, it's important to understand the difference between what will be expected of you as an entry-level welder and what will be expected of you in other welding openings for jobs you might find advertised for welders. The type of experience and certifications you'll need will vary, depending on the type of position you want to pursue.\\n\\n do one thing–weld metal. Good welders can consistently find work in all types of manufacturing, performing their trade skill in the making of cars, ships, heavy machinery, and other essential items. If two pieces of metal need to be fused together, the welder is the person for the job. The welder doesn't usually assemble the metal to be welded, operate any other kind of machinery, or do anything but weld. Fitters, erectors, operators, and other trades are often involved in processes that require welding.\\n have more responsibilities, including project management and planning, metallurgy, and overseeing the welders. Welding engineers usually need experience drafting in CAD, and are generally required to have a four-year degree in materials engineering or welding engineering, and often an advanced degree.\\n\\n must have passed the Certified Welding Instructor certification examination from the AWS, becoming certified to instruct others in the skills necessary to weld. If you have ambitions to teach, many jobs are available for qualified instructors. You need several years of experience with different styles of welding to qualify for this certification.\\n are certified to evaluate and complete quality standards commensurate with the standards of the AWS. On-the-job experience and working alongside a Senior Welding Inspector are required before completing the certification.\\n2-2. Get the appropriate AWS certification.\\nTypically, AWS certification involves a welding test and a written exam that you'll take every six months to a year, depending on regional requirements, to keep your certification up to date. You'll need to obtain the certification necessary for the welding discipline pursued.\\nIn commercial welding, welders often need to complete the AWS GMAW or MIG 3G certification, which is a basic skills test in a variety of different physical positions. Further certifications may be necessary, depending on the skills required for a particular job. This certification allows a welder to take the title \\\"Certified Welder,\\\" opening up a variety of job opportunities.\\nWelding engineers must complete their Welding Engineer AWS Certification, which covers a variety of practical topics, fundamental techniques, and some geometry. With the completion of this test, the welding engineer becomes a Certified Welding Engineer (CWE).\\nIn some areas, including certain U.S. states, you can start working as a welder without certification, but unless you have excellent job experience, you'll have a hard time competing with people with training certification. The Catch-22 is that it can be difficult to qualify for the exam without experience, but you can make up for that by attending school or an apprenticeship program.\\n2-3. Pursue other skills that complement your welding.\\nIf you aspire to be an engineer, learn to read blueprints, oversee projects, and manage staff to make yourself the roundest, most marketable candidate for new jobs. If you never attended a welding training program, or the program didn't teach you certain skills, try to study them on your own, or ask friendly coworkers for basic training.\\nEven if the job you're currently working doesn't require you to learn TIG welding, or some other skill you haven't yet acquired, consider learning more along the way to make yourself available for more jobs. The more styles of welding you know, the more variety of jobs you're able to perform.\\n3. Finding Welding Jobs\\n3-1. Apply at a variety of locations.\\nMany different industries will hire welders, and the jobs you're applicable for will vary depending on your experience and your level of certification.\\nFor most jobs, you'll need to provide a resume, proof of your certification, and pass a drug screen before being hired.\\n3-2. Keep your certification up to date.\\nStay on top of your AWS certification's expiration date and complete the recertification procedure as soon as possible. This can have an effect on your pay, in some jobs.\\nIf you're lucky enough to be hired on somewhere full-time, you'll probably have to go through regular re-certifications and new on-the-job training programs. Fortunately, this will probably come with a raise in your pay grade, and new skills.\\nTo make yourself the most marketable candidate for each job, it's important to stay certified and actively seek new certifications to up your pay grade and your marketability for new projects and responsibilities.\\n3-3. Research more specialized welding jobs and the requirements of specific jobs.\\nIf you know you are interested in a specific type of welding, or an industry that requires a specific type of welding, you may need more training to attain the skills necessary to do a more diverse range of jobs.\\nCommon welding jobs take place in shipyards, factories, construction sites, and along pipelines, although there are many more specialized options as well. If you're interested in a particular industry but aren't sure of the requirements, simply look at job postings online or talk to someone employed in that field.\\n3-4. Work a variety of jobs if possible.\\nOnce you are an experienced welder with 10 – 20 years in the field, you'll probably have no problem finding steady, well paying employment. The more work you do until that point, in as wide a variety of welding jobs as you can, the quicker you'll learn the various techniques and types of welding in a practical setting.\\nConsider applying to jobs that require travel. If you cannot find steady employment nearby, look for jobs further away. Many welders travel between jobs, as the largest jobs that require the most welders tend to only last a few months. Some people work for a company that gives them several months on the road followed by several months off.\\nTips\\nSeek out on-the-job training programs, which include sponsored training paid for by employers as a means to control costs.\\nParticipate in many training programs to learn several methods and ensure that the skills are transferable and most marketable in various industries.\\nDon't be afraid to make and admit to mistakes. Remember, you can't learn unless you get it wrong!\\nWarnings\\nWelding involves working with complex machinery and tools that apply extreme heat, emit glaring light and produce potentially noxious fumes. Depending upon the industry, discipline and method of welding, the tools used to complete the job can be hazardous if not handled properly using the appropriate protective gear.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Welders help build the world. In fields from construction to car racing to manufacturing, welders use their skills to fuse metal together to the proper specifications and strength. If you're interested in learning to become a welder, there are several ways to build the skills you'll need in the workplace.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learning to Weld\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understand the demands of the job.\", \"描述\": \"Commercial welders must be physically and mentally fit, with excellent hand-eye coordination, and the ability to stay focused on a repetitive task for long periods of time. The clumsy and careless need not apply. Welders take serious pride in their work and in the skills required to complete a job properly.\\nA good welder also needs to be self-motivated and a self-starter, since part of the job might involve freelancing, finding your own projects and jobs. Welders can be in high demand, but it'll be up to you to seek out that demand and find the jobs that require a good and knowledgeable welder.\\nAs a welder, you'll be around hot metal, bright lights, and noxious fumes every day. In many welding jobs, you will be working around heavy equipment that can cause serious injury. It is imperative to gain some understanding of all of the potential dangers possible prior to embarking upon a pursuit of welding certification and employment.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Research welding training programs near you.\", \"描述\": \"If you don't have any experience welding on-the-job, finding a training program is the best way to get started. Many community colleges have welding programs, as do adult vocational programs and trade schools. These are the most reliable way to get into the industry, and a good program will include job placement assistance to help you get a foot in the door. The American Welding Society (AWS) provides a searchable database of welding schools found here.\\nIn the United States, the three most prestigious private welding schools are the Tulsa Welding School, the Hobart Institute of Welding Technology, and the Lincoln Welding School.\\nScholarships are available on the AWS scholarship page on their website. Many companies and unions will also provide scholarships, as many regions have a shortage of welders and both types of organizations have an interest in training more.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get some basic experience welding\", \"描述\": \"You can't learn welding from a book. Welding is a hands-on trade that you can only learn by taking an introductory-level class, signing up for an apprenticeship program that will give you on-the job training, or enrolling in a welding school and building the skills necessary to weld metal.\\nIf you've got no experiencing welding, or have some informal training from tinkering around at home and you want to learn more, start by taking an introductory welding course at a community college or tech school in your area to learn about the safety skills required and the mechanics of the job, then practice on your own as much as possible.\\nLearn to strike an arc, tack, and control your puddles. You've got to start somewhere, and the first essential skills in welding are in making small welds, called tacks, to get the metal to stick together without clamps to hold it, and then accurately controlling your arc and wire or rod feed as you connect the pieces. It'll take some practice and guidance, so seek out experienced welders to show you the ropes when you're first getting started.\\nMany industrial welding jobs these days are done with flux core welding machines, which automatically unspool wire, making jobs much easier and more efficient. If you want to get experience welding and getting paid for it, practice this kind of welding, which will be one of the most common type of work you'll encounter.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn which types of welding you'll need for specific jobs.\", \"描述\": \"Welders are needed for many different tasks, and some industries or types of job use certain kinds of welding more than others. Learn the basic types, and if you're aiming for a specific industry, learn the correct type:\\nMIG welding, or metal inert gas welding, is commonly used to fabricate steel, stainless steel, and aluminum. The automotive industry, shipyards, and many other industries use MIG welding, increasingly the flux-cored variety.\\nStick welding, also called Shielded-Metal Arc Welding, is a simple and popular type of welding due to its low cost and ease of use. It is often used in construction jobs and in home projects.\\nTIG welding, or tungsten inert gas welding, is a slow process that requires clean metal. However, it can make a high quality weld for almost any metal. Architectural fabrication shops often use TIG for stainless steel welding. TIG welding is considered high-skill, so if you train in TIG and find a place that uses it, you'll increase your chance at a job.\\nThere are many more varieties of welding which tend to be less common than the three above. Some of these, such as Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding, are highly specialized and only used in a few fields, such as bicycle and airplane manufacturing.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Participate in an apprenticeship program.\", \"描述\": \"Many companies offer on-the-job training through apprenticeship programs, where you'll be doing entry level welding work but hopefully have the chance to learn more. As you complete more hours in apprenticeship programs, your level of accreditation will rise.\\nTypically, fully completing your apprenticeship and rising to \\\"journeyman\\\" rank takes around three years. However, this varies widely by region, even within the same country in the case of United States and Canada.\\nSome areas of the world may not have a formal apprenticeship program at all, but on the job training programs will still help you land a job when you're not yet an experienced welder, and gain the skills you need to qualify for more advanced jobs.\\nFind programs with job placement assistance. A good welding program should assist its students in finding a job once the program is complete. Preferably, your program should include opportunities to meet potential employers.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting the Proper Certifications\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn about the different types of employment available to welders.\", \"描述\": \"Like any job, it's important to understand the difference between what will be expected of you as an entry-level welder and what will be expected of you in other welding openings for jobs you might find advertised for welders. The type of experience and certifications you'll need will vary, depending on the type of position you want to pursue.\\n\\n do one thing–weld metal. Good welders can consistently find work in all types of manufacturing, performing their trade skill in the making of cars, ships, heavy machinery, and other essential items. If two pieces of metal need to be fused together, the welder is the person for the job. The welder doesn't usually assemble the metal to be welded, operate any other kind of machinery, or do anything but weld. Fitters, erectors, operators, and other trades are often involved in processes that require welding.\\n have more responsibilities, including project management and planning, metallurgy, and overseeing the welders. Welding engineers usually need experience drafting in CAD, and are generally required to have a four-year degree in materials engineering or welding engineering, and often an advanced degree.\\n\\n must have passed the Certified Welding Instructor certification examination from the AWS, becoming certified to instruct others in the skills necessary to weld. If you have ambitions to teach, many jobs are available for qualified instructors. You need several years of experience with different styles of welding to qualify for this certification.\\n are certified to evaluate and complete quality standards commensurate with the standards of the AWS. On-the-job experience and working alongside a Senior Welding Inspector are required before completing the certification.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get the appropriate AWS certification.\", \"描述\": \"Typically, AWS certification involves a welding test and a written exam that you'll take every six months to a year, depending on regional requirements, to keep your certification up to date. You'll need to obtain the certification necessary for the welding discipline pursued.\\nIn commercial welding, welders often need to complete the AWS GMAW or MIG 3G certification, which is a basic skills test in a variety of different physical positions. Further certifications may be necessary, depending on the skills required for a particular job. This certification allows a welder to take the title \\\"Certified Welder,\\\" opening up a variety of job opportunities.\\nWelding engineers must complete their Welding Engineer AWS Certification, which covers a variety of practical topics, fundamental techniques, and some geometry. With the completion of this test, the welding engineer becomes a Certified Welding Engineer (CWE).\\nIn some areas, including certain U.S. states, you can start working as a welder without certification, but unless you have excellent job experience, you'll have a hard time competing with people with training certification. The Catch-22 is that it can be difficult to qualify for the exam without experience, but you can make up for that by attending school or an apprenticeship program.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pursue other skills that complement your welding.\", \"描述\": \"If you aspire to be an engineer, learn to read blueprints, oversee projects, and manage staff to make yourself the roundest, most marketable candidate for new jobs. If you never attended a welding training program, or the program didn't teach you certain skills, try to study them on your own, or ask friendly coworkers for basic training.\\nEven if the job you're currently working doesn't require you to learn TIG welding, or some other skill you haven't yet acquired, consider learning more along the way to make yourself available for more jobs. The more styles of welding you know, the more variety of jobs you're able to perform.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finding Welding Jobs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Apply at a variety of locations.\", \"描述\": \"Many different industries will hire welders, and the jobs you're applicable for will vary depending on your experience and your level of certification.\\nFor most jobs, you'll need to provide a resume, proof of your certification, and pass a drug screen before being hired.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep your certification up to date.\", \"描述\": \"Stay on top of your AWS certification's expiration date and complete the recertification procedure as soon as possible. This can have an effect on your pay, in some jobs.\\nIf you're lucky enough to be hired on somewhere full-time, you'll probably have to go through regular re-certifications and new on-the-job training programs. Fortunately, this will probably come with a raise in your pay grade, and new skills.\\nTo make yourself the most marketable candidate for each job, it's important to stay certified and actively seek new certifications to up your pay grade and your marketability for new projects and responsibilities.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Research more specialized welding jobs and the requirements of specific jobs.\", \"描述\": \"If you know you are interested in a specific type of welding, or an industry that requires a specific type of welding, you may need more training to attain the skills necessary to do a more diverse range of jobs.\\nCommon welding jobs take place in shipyards, factories, construction sites, and along pipelines, although there are many more specialized options as well. If you're interested in a particular industry but aren't sure of the requirements, simply look at job postings online or talk to someone employed in that field.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Work a variety of jobs if possible.\", \"描述\": \"Once you are an experienced welder with 10 – 20 years in the field, you'll probably have no problem finding steady, well paying employment. The more work you do until that point, in as wide a variety of welding jobs as you can, the quicker you'll learn the various techniques and types of welding in a practical setting.\\nConsider applying to jobs that require travel. If you cannot find steady employment nearby, look for jobs further away. Many welders travel between jobs, as the largest jobs that require the most welders tend to only last a few months. Some people work for a company that gives them several months on the road followed by several months off.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Seek out on-the-job training programs, which include sponsored training paid for by employers as a means to control costs.\\n\", \"Participate in many training programs to learn several methods and ensure that the skills are transferable and most marketable in various industries.\\n\", \"Don't be afraid to make and admit to mistakes. Remember, you can't learn unless you get it wrong!\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Welding involves working with complex machinery and tools that apply extreme heat, emit glaring light and produce potentially noxious fumes. Depending upon the industry, discipline and method of welding, the tools used to complete the job can be hazardous if not handled properly using the appropriate protective gear.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,882 |
How to Become a Well‐Rounded Person
|
1. Diversifying Your Experiences
1-1. Allow yourself to explore the world around you.
Nurturing your curiosities by allowing yourself to explore the world around you is one of the best ways to make yourself a more well-rounded person. Activities including travel and trying different foods and hobbies can significantly expand your horizons and help you see new perspectives.
Getting out of your comfort zone can help to develop you and your perspectives so that they are more well-rounded.
1-2. Try new activities.
Trying new activities that interest you or even that someone invites you to join will diversify your experiences and expand your horizons. Even if you don’t enjoy it in the end, you will still be more informed and versatile than you were prior to trying the activity.
You can try artistic activities such as painting, dancing, or making music; do a new sport or even just take part in a pick-up game; or engage in hobbies like bird-watching or collecting coins.
Be open-minded to trying new activities even if they don't seem appealing at first. If a friend wants to go and see a science fiction movie, go along even if you think that sci-fi is not your favorite. Seeing something through another person’s eyes can give you a new appreciation of it.
1-3. Engage in your community or local area.
Engaging with your community or the local area, such as through politics, will put you in contact with a wide variety of people and opinions. Exposure to different perspectives in your community can help you develop into a more well-rounded citizen.
Consider taking part in the politics of different parties to ensure that you expose yourself to as many perspectives and opinions as possible.
If people talk about topics with which you’re unfamiliar, avoid the temptation to walk away. Staying can teach you something new that will encourage your development.
1-4. Travel as often as possible.
There is an unimaginable amount you can learn from other places, especially foreign countries and cultures. Travel experiences will expose you to different perspectives, histories, and opinions, and in turn make you more well-rounded.
Travel will show you that the world, even if it’s a nearby town, is multi-faceted and can add new sides to you, too.
Traveling to foreign countries is the best way to see other perspectives, but domestic travel is also an excellent way to experience this. For example, if you are on the East Coast of the United States, you might be surprised to know that the lifestyle on the West Coast is quite different and could help change your perspective on how you life your life.
Make sure to get off the beaten path when you travel. Sticking to popular tourist destinations can reinforce stereotypes or decrease the richness of seeing a new place.
1-5. Eat new foods.
Eat new foods or cuisines when you get the chance. Trying different foods and tastes can help you appreciate other people and cultures and improve your health.
If you live in an urban area, trying new foods and cuisines is easy. You can find restaurants from most cultures simply by exploring the city a bit.
If you don’t live in a metropolitan area, consider cooking foods from different cuisines. Cookbooks or websites often have recipes that you can easily make at home.
You can even use napkins, special utensils, or other accessories that go with the cuisine you are trying.
1-6. Meet new people.
Every person has their own perspectives and opinions that are formed on the basis of their experiences. Meeting new people who expose you to new information can help you to be more versatile.
In order to meet new people, you should first acknowledge that your truth is not the only or right view.
Get together with people from different races, cultures, ages, socio-economic backgrounds, and religions. You can also try to meet people with disabilities. All of these different people will give you insight into how others live and think.
You can ask new people who you meet questions about their perspectives and what informs them.
The more you talk to other people, the more successful you can become at conversations which in turn can make you more well-rounded.
1-7. Volunteer or help others.
Simple acts of kindness and helping others can do wonders for exposing you to different personal experiences. Volunteering can help put things in perspective for you and help you become more well-rounded.
Consider volunteering at a hospital or soup kitchen. This could lead you to not only more positive feelings, but also stimulate discussions that will help you learn.
Even helping friends and family can help you develop into a more well-rounded person. For example, do you know someone who has a sick family member or a child with special needs? If so, then you might consider offering to help by babysitting or running an errand for the family.
2. Expanding Your Education
2-1. Educate yourself.
An important component of becoming more versatile is educating yourself through the consideration or application of a wide variety of sources. Without knowledge, you can’t grow or develop, and educating yourself broadly will help you to most effectively become well-rounded.
You can use a variety of sources to educate yourself. Taking classes, reading books or a large out of town newspaper like the NY Times, watching documentaries, or even just talking to another person can provide you with new information that will help you develop yourself.
2-2. Take classes or participate in continuing education activities.
Continue your education and training throughout life by taking classes, attending lectures, or getting additional professional training. Developing your intellectual skills will help expose you to different perspectives and will help you develop into a well-rounded individual.
You can attend classes, lectures, seminars, or other continuing education programs in person, or you can take them online. Many universities now post classes or lectures online for the general public, you can also use an online learning site like Udemy.
Training and the type of development that comes from practical experience can also be very valuable to developing your knowledge and skills.
2-3. Read a wide variety of media and sources.
Reading a variety of publications will expose you to different opinions and perspectives. This can help you develop yourself and become more versatile.
Consult different kinds of media such as newspapers, magazines, websites, and books. Documentaries are an excellent way to expose yourself to new information.
Even reading for 20 minutes a day can make a difference in your knowledge base.
Make sure that the sources you read come from a variety of perspectives. For example, if you read something from a liberal politician or news source, then consult something from a conservative politician or news source to see both perspectives of an issue or argument.
2-4. Visit museums and cultural centers.
Visiting museums and cultural centers may expose you to new information and experiences. Whether you visit them in person or virtually, museums and cultural centers can help you to develop yourself into a more well-rounded person.
Any museum or cultural center has something to offer you, though you may want to consider visiting one that allow you to explore your interests and curiosities more fully.
If you can’t get to a museum that interests you, consider seeing if it has a website. Most museums now have sites that allow you at least a preview of their collections.
Stay informed about new exhibits at local museums as well so that you don’t miss something that might interest you.
2-5. Develop your opinions and perspectives.
Use your new experiences and information to develop your opinions and perspectives. Being able to incorporate these elements into your life can show that you are versatile.
See the big picture and focus on developing well-rounded views as you incorporate new information and experiences.
Understand that you don’t have to completely believe every person’s views. You can pick and choose what you like of their perspectives based on what you’ve learned in your research.
3. Balancing Your Personal and Professional Lives
3-1. Focus on your life, not your job.
If your personal life is happy, then chances are your professional life will follow suit. Make sure to spend plenty of time with family and friends so that it doesn’t affect your ability to focus at work.
Try to stick to a routine with work and home life. If you can, arrive at work and leave at the same time every day. Make sure to account for overtime work with some extra time to yourself for a long lunch or a walk.
3-2. Be passionate about what you do.
Let the truism “if you love what you do, you will never work a day in your life” guide you. You can’t be truly successful or find balance in your work and personal lives unless you are passionate about your profession.
Your job will feel like chore if you don’t love it. This will make you more likely to be sloppy in your assignments and not take any initiative that would help you succeed.
3-3. Don’t be afraid to take risks.
Changing your professional or personal course to put yourself on the path to success and happiness requires taking some risk. However, this doesn’t mean making reckless decisions, rather that you should take a calculated risk.
Take a calculated risk, not one that may derail your professional or personal life.
3-4. Take care of your physical and mental health.
You can’t be well-rounded or balanced if you don’t take care of your physical and mental health. Learn to focus on yourself and have a “me party.” Exercise is an excellent way to relieve stress, and increase endorphins and energy.
Taking a short walk twice a day will refresh your body and mind and can help you avoid burnout. For example, a 3-mile run will give you time to work out personal or professional problems if you need to while providing your body with needed exercise to maintain your health.
In a world where you are easily contacted by cell phones, email, and social media, having unplugged alone time is vital to maintaining your health by minimizing how much input you need to process on a daily basis. For example, you can turn off all electronics at 10pm so that you have an hour or two all to yourself or with your family.
3-5. Take breaks and vacations.
Having time away from your job for everything from ten minutes a day to a full vacation is important to your success as well. Time away refreshes you, helps you avoid burnout, and can reset you on your path to success.
Take breaks during the day. They give your brain and body a chance to relax and refresh.
Schedule annual vacations to further help you refresh. While a ten-minute walk or a run will help you decompress throughout a workday, an annual vacation where you completely unplug from your job will refresh your body and mind.
If you don’t get paid vacations, then take weekend trips instead.
Tips
While being well-rounded is important, being passionate may be the key to being successful in your life. You want to balance that passion with other knowledge and experiences.[21]
X
Research source
Avoid being the "jack of all trades, master of none."
Warnings
Don't stress yourself out trying to do everything. Give yourself a chance to explore as you like and have the time.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:05",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Diversifying Your Experiences\\n1-1. Allow yourself to explore the world around you.\\nNurturing your curiosities by allowing yourself to explore the world around you is one of the best ways to make yourself a more well-rounded person. Activities including travel and trying different foods and hobbies can significantly expand your horizons and help you see new perspectives.\\nGetting out of your comfort zone can help to develop you and your perspectives so that they are more well-rounded.\\n1-2. Try new activities.\\nTrying new activities that interest you or even that someone invites you to join will diversify your experiences and expand your horizons. Even if you don’t enjoy it in the end, you will still be more informed and versatile than you were prior to trying the activity.\\nYou can try artistic activities such as painting, dancing, or making music; do a new sport or even just take part in a pick-up game; or engage in hobbies like bird-watching or collecting coins.\\nBe open-minded to trying new activities even if they don't seem appealing at first. If a friend wants to go and see a science fiction movie, go along even if you think that sci-fi is not your favorite. Seeing something through another person’s eyes can give you a new appreciation of it.\\n1-3. Engage in your community or local area.\\nEngaging with your community or the local area, such as through politics, will put you in contact with a wide variety of people and opinions. Exposure to different perspectives in your community can help you develop into a more well-rounded citizen.\\nConsider taking part in the politics of different parties to ensure that you expose yourself to as many perspectives and opinions as possible.\\nIf people talk about topics with which you’re unfamiliar, avoid the temptation to walk away. Staying can teach you something new that will encourage your development.\\n1-4. Travel as often as possible.\\nThere is an unimaginable amount you can learn from other places, especially foreign countries and cultures. Travel experiences will expose you to different perspectives, histories, and opinions, and in turn make you more well-rounded.\\nTravel will show you that the world, even if it’s a nearby town, is multi-faceted and can add new sides to you, too.\\nTraveling to foreign countries is the best way to see other perspectives, but domestic travel is also an excellent way to experience this. For example, if you are on the East Coast of the United States, you might be surprised to know that the lifestyle on the West Coast is quite different and could help change your perspective on how you life your life.\\nMake sure to get off the beaten path when you travel. Sticking to popular tourist destinations can reinforce stereotypes or decrease the richness of seeing a new place.\\n1-5. Eat new foods.\\nEat new foods or cuisines when you get the chance. Trying different foods and tastes can help you appreciate other people and cultures and improve your health.\\nIf you live in an urban area, trying new foods and cuisines is easy. You can find restaurants from most cultures simply by exploring the city a bit.\\nIf you don’t live in a metropolitan area, consider cooking foods from different cuisines. Cookbooks or websites often have recipes that you can easily make at home.\\nYou can even use napkins, special utensils, or other accessories that go with the cuisine you are trying.\\n1-6. Meet new people.\\nEvery person has their own perspectives and opinions that are formed on the basis of their experiences. Meeting new people who expose you to new information can help you to be more versatile.\\nIn order to meet new people, you should first acknowledge that your truth is not the only or right view.\\nGet together with people from different races, cultures, ages, socio-economic backgrounds, and religions. You can also try to meet people with disabilities. All of these different people will give you insight into how others live and think.\\nYou can ask new people who you meet questions about their perspectives and what informs them.\\nThe more you talk to other people, the more successful you can become at conversations which in turn can make you more well-rounded.\\n1-7. Volunteer or help others.\\nSimple acts of kindness and helping others can do wonders for exposing you to different personal experiences. Volunteering can help put things in perspective for you and help you become more well-rounded.\\nConsider volunteering at a hospital or soup kitchen. This could lead you to not only more positive feelings, but also stimulate discussions that will help you learn.\\nEven helping friends and family can help you develop into a more well-rounded person. For example, do you know someone who has a sick family member or a child with special needs? If so, then you might consider offering to help by babysitting or running an errand for the family.\\n2. Expanding Your Education\\n2-1. Educate yourself.\\nAn important component of becoming more versatile is educating yourself through the consideration or application of a wide variety of sources. Without knowledge, you can’t grow or develop, and educating yourself broadly will help you to most effectively become well-rounded.\\nYou can use a variety of sources to educate yourself. Taking classes, reading books or a large out of town newspaper like the NY Times, watching documentaries, or even just talking to another person can provide you with new information that will help you develop yourself.\\n2-2. Take classes or participate in continuing education activities.\\nContinue your education and training throughout life by taking classes, attending lectures, or getting additional professional training. Developing your intellectual skills will help expose you to different perspectives and will help you develop into a well-rounded individual.\\nYou can attend classes, lectures, seminars, or other continuing education programs in person, or you can take them online. Many universities now post classes or lectures online for the general public, you can also use an online learning site like Udemy.\\nTraining and the type of development that comes from practical experience can also be very valuable to developing your knowledge and skills.\\n2-3. Read a wide variety of media and sources.\\nReading a variety of publications will expose you to different opinions and perspectives. This can help you develop yourself and become more versatile.\\nConsult different kinds of media such as newspapers, magazines, websites, and books. Documentaries are an excellent way to expose yourself to new information.\\nEven reading for 20 minutes a day can make a difference in your knowledge base.\\nMake sure that the sources you read come from a variety of perspectives. For example, if you read something from a liberal politician or news source, then consult something from a conservative politician or news source to see both perspectives of an issue or argument.\\n2-4. Visit museums and cultural centers.\\nVisiting museums and cultural centers may expose you to new information and experiences. Whether you visit them in person or virtually, museums and cultural centers can help you to develop yourself into a more well-rounded person.\\nAny museum or cultural center has something to offer you, though you may want to consider visiting one that allow you to explore your interests and curiosities more fully.\\nIf you can’t get to a museum that interests you, consider seeing if it has a website. Most museums now have sites that allow you at least a preview of their collections.\\nStay informed about new exhibits at local museums as well so that you don’t miss something that might interest you.\\n2-5. Develop your opinions and perspectives.\\nUse your new experiences and information to develop your opinions and perspectives. Being able to incorporate these elements into your life can show that you are versatile.\\nSee the big picture and focus on developing well-rounded views as you incorporate new information and experiences.\\nUnderstand that you don’t have to completely believe every person’s views. You can pick and choose what you like of their perspectives based on what you’ve learned in your research.\\n3. Balancing Your Personal and Professional Lives\\n3-1. Focus on your life, not your job.\\nIf your personal life is happy, then chances are your professional life will follow suit. Make sure to spend plenty of time with family and friends so that it doesn’t affect your ability to focus at work.\\nTry to stick to a routine with work and home life. If you can, arrive at work and leave at the same time every day. Make sure to account for overtime work with some extra time to yourself for a long lunch or a walk.\\n3-2. Be passionate about what you do.\\nLet the truism “if you love what you do, you will never work a day in your life” guide you. You can’t be truly successful or find balance in your work and personal lives unless you are passionate about your profession.\\nYour job will feel like chore if you don’t love it. This will make you more likely to be sloppy in your assignments and not take any initiative that would help you succeed.\\n3-3. Don’t be afraid to take risks.\\nChanging your professional or personal course to put yourself on the path to success and happiness requires taking some risk. However, this doesn’t mean making reckless decisions, rather that you should take a calculated risk.\\nTake a calculated risk, not one that may derail your professional or personal life.\\n3-4. Take care of your physical and mental health.\\nYou can’t be well-rounded or balanced if you don’t take care of your physical and mental health. Learn to focus on yourself and have a “me party.” Exercise is an excellent way to relieve stress, and increase endorphins and energy.\\nTaking a short walk twice a day will refresh your body and mind and can help you avoid burnout. For example, a 3-mile run will give you time to work out personal or professional problems if you need to while providing your body with needed exercise to maintain your health.\\nIn a world where you are easily contacted by cell phones, email, and social media, having unplugged alone time is vital to maintaining your health by minimizing how much input you need to process on a daily basis. For example, you can turn off all electronics at 10pm so that you have an hour or two all to yourself or with your family.\\n3-5. Take breaks and vacations.\\nHaving time away from your job for everything from ten minutes a day to a full vacation is important to your success as well. Time away refreshes you, helps you avoid burnout, and can reset you on your path to success.\\nTake breaks during the day. They give your brain and body a chance to relax and refresh.\\nSchedule annual vacations to further help you refresh. While a ten-minute walk or a run will help you decompress throughout a workday, an annual vacation where you completely unplug from your job will refresh your body and mind.\\nIf you don’t get paid vacations, then take weekend trips instead.\\nTips\\nWhile being well-rounded is important, being passionate may be the key to being successful in your life. You want to balance that passion with other knowledge and experiences.[21]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Avoid being the \\\"jack of all trades, master of none.\\\"\\nWarnings\\nDon't stress yourself out trying to do everything. Give yourself a chance to explore as you like and have the time.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Many people want to reap the benefits of being well-rounded in every aspect of their lives. The concept of a well-rounded person started growing in the Renaissance era, with the term \\\"Renaissance man\\\" being used to describe contemporaries such as Leonardo da Vinci. Finding the right path to being a more versatile person can be difficult; however, you can become a more well-rounded person by actively following your interests, diversifying your experiences, and striving for higher education.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Diversifying Your Experiences\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Allow yourself to explore the world around you.\", \"描述\": \"Nurturing your curiosities by allowing yourself to explore the world around you is one of the best ways to make yourself a more well-rounded person. Activities including travel and trying different foods and hobbies can significantly expand your horizons and help you see new perspectives.\\nGetting out of your comfort zone can help to develop you and your perspectives so that they are more well-rounded.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try new activities.\", \"描述\": \"Trying new activities that interest you or even that someone invites you to join will diversify your experiences and expand your horizons. Even if you don’t enjoy it in the end, you will still be more informed and versatile than you were prior to trying the activity.\\nYou can try artistic activities such as painting, dancing, or making music; do a new sport or even just take part in a pick-up game; or engage in hobbies like bird-watching or collecting coins.\\nBe open-minded to trying new activities even if they don't seem appealing at first. If a friend wants to go and see a science fiction movie, go along even if you think that sci-fi is not your favorite. Seeing something through another person’s eyes can give you a new appreciation of it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Engage in your community or local area.\", \"描述\": \"Engaging with your community or the local area, such as through politics, will put you in contact with a wide variety of people and opinions. Exposure to different perspectives in your community can help you develop into a more well-rounded citizen.\\nConsider taking part in the politics of different parties to ensure that you expose yourself to as many perspectives and opinions as possible.\\nIf people talk about topics with which you’re unfamiliar, avoid the temptation to walk away. Staying can teach you something new that will encourage your development.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Travel as often as possible.\", \"描述\": \"There is an unimaginable amount you can learn from other places, especially foreign countries and cultures. Travel experiences will expose you to different perspectives, histories, and opinions, and in turn make you more well-rounded.\\nTravel will show you that the world, even if it’s a nearby town, is multi-faceted and can add new sides to you, too.\\nTraveling to foreign countries is the best way to see other perspectives, but domestic travel is also an excellent way to experience this. For example, if you are on the East Coast of the United States, you might be surprised to know that the lifestyle on the West Coast is quite different and could help change your perspective on how you life your life.\\nMake sure to get off the beaten path when you travel. Sticking to popular tourist destinations can reinforce stereotypes or decrease the richness of seeing a new place.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Eat new foods.\", \"描述\": \"Eat new foods or cuisines when you get the chance. Trying different foods and tastes can help you appreciate other people and cultures and improve your health.\\nIf you live in an urban area, trying new foods and cuisines is easy. You can find restaurants from most cultures simply by exploring the city a bit.\\nIf you don’t live in a metropolitan area, consider cooking foods from different cuisines. Cookbooks or websites often have recipes that you can easily make at home.\\nYou can even use napkins, special utensils, or other accessories that go with the cuisine you are trying.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Meet new people.\", \"描述\": \"Every person has their own perspectives and opinions that are formed on the basis of their experiences. Meeting new people who expose you to new information can help you to be more versatile.\\nIn order to meet new people, you should first acknowledge that your truth is not the only or right view.\\nGet together with people from different races, cultures, ages, socio-economic backgrounds, and religions. You can also try to meet people with disabilities. All of these different people will give you insight into how others live and think.\\nYou can ask new people who you meet questions about their perspectives and what informs them.\\nThe more you talk to other people, the more successful you can become at conversations which in turn can make you more well-rounded.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Volunteer or help others.\", \"描述\": \"Simple acts of kindness and helping others can do wonders for exposing you to different personal experiences. Volunteering can help put things in perspective for you and help you become more well-rounded.\\nConsider volunteering at a hospital or soup kitchen. This could lead you to not only more positive feelings, but also stimulate discussions that will help you learn.\\nEven helping friends and family can help you develop into a more well-rounded person. For example, do you know someone who has a sick family member or a child with special needs? If so, then you might consider offering to help by babysitting or running an errand for the family.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Expanding Your Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Educate yourself.\", \"描述\": \"An important component of becoming more versatile is educating yourself through the consideration or application of a wide variety of sources. Without knowledge, you can’t grow or develop, and educating yourself broadly will help you to most effectively become well-rounded.\\nYou can use a variety of sources to educate yourself. Taking classes, reading books or a large out of town newspaper like the NY Times, watching documentaries, or even just talking to another person can provide you with new information that will help you develop yourself.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take classes or participate in continuing education activities.\", \"描述\": \"Continue your education and training throughout life by taking classes, attending lectures, or getting additional professional training. Developing your intellectual skills will help expose you to different perspectives and will help you develop into a well-rounded individual.\\nYou can attend classes, lectures, seminars, or other continuing education programs in person, or you can take them online. Many universities now post classes or lectures online for the general public, you can also use an online learning site like Udemy.\\nTraining and the type of development that comes from practical experience can also be very valuable to developing your knowledge and skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Read a wide variety of media and sources.\", \"描述\": \"Reading a variety of publications will expose you to different opinions and perspectives. This can help you develop yourself and become more versatile.\\nConsult different kinds of media such as newspapers, magazines, websites, and books. Documentaries are an excellent way to expose yourself to new information.\\nEven reading for 20 minutes a day can make a difference in your knowledge base.\\nMake sure that the sources you read come from a variety of perspectives. For example, if you read something from a liberal politician or news source, then consult something from a conservative politician or news source to see both perspectives of an issue or argument.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Visit museums and cultural centers.\", \"描述\": \"Visiting museums and cultural centers may expose you to new information and experiences. Whether you visit them in person or virtually, museums and cultural centers can help you to develop yourself into a more well-rounded person.\\nAny museum or cultural center has something to offer you, though you may want to consider visiting one that allow you to explore your interests and curiosities more fully.\\nIf you can’t get to a museum that interests you, consider seeing if it has a website. Most museums now have sites that allow you at least a preview of their collections.\\nStay informed about new exhibits at local museums as well so that you don’t miss something that might interest you.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Develop your opinions and perspectives.\", \"描述\": \"Use your new experiences and information to develop your opinions and perspectives. Being able to incorporate these elements into your life can show that you are versatile.\\nSee the big picture and focus on developing well-rounded views as you incorporate new information and experiences.\\nUnderstand that you don’t have to completely believe every person’s views. You can pick and choose what you like of their perspectives based on what you’ve learned in your research.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Balancing Your Personal and Professional Lives\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Focus on your life, not your job.\", \"描述\": \"If your personal life is happy, then chances are your professional life will follow suit. Make sure to spend plenty of time with family and friends so that it doesn’t affect your ability to focus at work.\\nTry to stick to a routine with work and home life. If you can, arrive at work and leave at the same time every day. Make sure to account for overtime work with some extra time to yourself for a long lunch or a walk.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be passionate about what you do.\", \"描述\": \"Let the truism “if you love what you do, you will never work a day in your life” guide you. You can’t be truly successful or find balance in your work and personal lives unless you are passionate about your profession.\\nYour job will feel like chore if you don’t love it. This will make you more likely to be sloppy in your assignments and not take any initiative that would help you succeed.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Don’t be afraid to take risks.\", \"描述\": \"Changing your professional or personal course to put yourself on the path to success and happiness requires taking some risk. However, this doesn’t mean making reckless decisions, rather that you should take a calculated risk.\\nTake a calculated risk, not one that may derail your professional or personal life.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take care of your physical and mental health.\", \"描述\": \"You can’t be well-rounded or balanced if you don’t take care of your physical and mental health. Learn to focus on yourself and have a “me party.” Exercise is an excellent way to relieve stress, and increase endorphins and energy.\\nTaking a short walk twice a day will refresh your body and mind and can help you avoid burnout. For example, a 3-mile run will give you time to work out personal or professional problems if you need to while providing your body with needed exercise to maintain your health.\\nIn a world where you are easily contacted by cell phones, email, and social media, having unplugged alone time is vital to maintaining your health by minimizing how much input you need to process on a daily basis. For example, you can turn off all electronics at 10pm so that you have an hour or two all to yourself or with your family.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take breaks and vacations.\", \"描述\": \"Having time away from your job for everything from ten minutes a day to a full vacation is important to your success as well. Time away refreshes you, helps you avoid burnout, and can reset you on your path to success.\\nTake breaks during the day. They give your brain and body a chance to relax and refresh.\\nSchedule annual vacations to further help you refresh. While a ten-minute walk or a run will help you decompress throughout a workday, an annual vacation where you completely unplug from your job will refresh your body and mind.\\nIf you don’t get paid vacations, then take weekend trips instead.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"While being well-rounded is important, being passionate may be the key to being successful in your life. You want to balance that passion with other knowledge and experiences.[21]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Avoid being the \\\"jack of all trades, master of none.\\\"\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't stress yourself out trying to do everything. Give yourself a chance to explore as you like and have the time.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,883 |
How to Become a Werewolf in Skyrim
|
1. Becoming a Werewolf
1-1. Join the Companions.
Go to Whiterun, the city just north of Riverwood, and join the Companions. You can encounter Aela the Huntress just outside the city or. She will send you on a quest with Vilkas to obtain a fragment of a legendary battle ax. The dungeon where this fragment is found is chock-full with draugr, so be very prepared. Follow Vilkas and the quest updates until you have completed the dungeon. Afterwards, you will need to meet Vilkas in front of Jorrvaskr to more officially join the Companions and move forward towards becoming a werewolf.
1-2. Do another radiant quest.
Same procedure as before. It will sometimes give you the choice to pick between three of the leaders, choose Farkas for the quest of becoming a werewolf (after the quest). During this/another quest you will witness him, turn into a werewolf himself.
1-3. Meet with Skjor.
With the radiant quest complete, you will need to talk to Skjor. He will request to meet you at night. Do so, and soon, Aela will also turn into a werewolf, and you can drink her blood.
1-4. Turn into a werewolf.
Activate the fountain when prompted and you will become a werewolf. Complete further Companions quests or simply enjoy your new powers.
2. After Becoming a Werewolf
2-1. Use the magic menu to activate your power.
You can only transform once a day (unless you have the Ring of Hircine) and the Beast Form lasts for 150 seconds. Time is extended for beast form if you feed off corpses, giving you an additional 30 seconds. Select it from the power menu and activate it in a similar manner to Shouts.
2-2. Know the benefits.
Benefits are only applicable when in beast form.
You will be cured of all diseases. This includes vampirism.
Your health and stamina will increase, as well as stamina regeneration.
Your carrying capacity will increase 2000 pts as a wolf.
You can use Howls, which are similar to shouts. Howls drives enemies away.
You will have claws which act as both weapon and protection.
2-3. Understand downsides.
As nice as the upsides are, there are a number of downsides of which you should be aware.
Silver harms anyone, but as a werewolf--especially in wolf form--silver hurts you even more than before.
You will not receive any resting bonuses.
Racial abilities will not carry over.
You cannot use equipment, magic, or other powers.
If NPC'S witness your transformation, they will run, or attack you. In the least case they will treat you like an outsider, saying "I find your wolfish grin... unsettling." "You smell like a wet dog." "Is that... Hair growing out of your ears?" and even "Ah, you've been playing with your hounds again?" But Eorlund Gray-Mane will defend you if you transform in the middle of Whiterun.
2-4. Cure yourself of lycanthropy.
You may wish to cure yourself of lycanthropy. Unless you have activated the Dawnguard Expansion Pack* (*Aela can give you blood once more) or downloaded a mod, it will be impossible to become a werewolf again.
Tips
If you're too lazy to actually do all the quests and you are playing the PC version of the game, press the tilde key and type "player.addspell 00092c48" to automatically give you Beast Form. Press enter and the tilde key again to close the console.
Wild wolves won't attack you if you're transformed into a werewolf.
You can attack townspeople while in beast form and not get charged with a crime! Just make sure no one sees you transforming.
Warnings
You can't use healing potions or spells while in Beast Form, so be careful.
You can only use it once a day unless you are wearing the Ring of Hircine (then it is two times a day), so use it wisely.
NPCs will turn on you if they see you transform.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:05",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Becoming a Werewolf\\n1-1. Join the Companions.\\nGo to Whiterun, the city just north of Riverwood, and join the Companions. You can encounter Aela the Huntress just outside the city or. She will send you on a quest with Vilkas to obtain a fragment of a legendary battle ax. The dungeon where this fragment is found is chock-full with draugr, so be very prepared. Follow Vilkas and the quest updates until you have completed the dungeon. Afterwards, you will need to meet Vilkas in front of Jorrvaskr to more officially join the Companions and move forward towards becoming a werewolf.\\n1-2. Do another radiant quest.\\nSame procedure as before. It will sometimes give you the choice to pick between three of the leaders, choose Farkas for the quest of becoming a werewolf (after the quest). During this/another quest you will witness him, turn into a werewolf himself.\\n1-3. Meet with Skjor.\\nWith the radiant quest complete, you will need to talk to Skjor. He will request to meet you at night. Do so, and soon, Aela will also turn into a werewolf, and you can drink her blood.\\n1-4. Turn into a werewolf.\\nActivate the fountain when prompted and you will become a werewolf. Complete further Companions quests or simply enjoy your new powers.\\n2. After Becoming a Werewolf\\n2-1. Use the magic menu to activate your power.\\nYou can only transform once a day (unless you have the Ring of Hircine) and the Beast Form lasts for 150 seconds. Time is extended for beast form if you feed off corpses, giving you an additional 30 seconds. Select it from the power menu and activate it in a similar manner to Shouts.\\n2-2. Know the benefits.\\nBenefits are only applicable when in beast form.\\nYou will be cured of all diseases. This includes vampirism.\\nYour health and stamina will increase, as well as stamina regeneration.\\nYour carrying capacity will increase 2000 pts as a wolf.\\nYou can use Howls, which are similar to shouts. Howls drives enemies away.\\nYou will have claws which act as both weapon and protection.\\n2-3. Understand downsides.\\nAs nice as the upsides are, there are a number of downsides of which you should be aware.\\nSilver harms anyone, but as a werewolf--especially in wolf form--silver hurts you even more than before.\\nYou will not receive any resting bonuses.\\nRacial abilities will not carry over.\\nYou cannot use equipment, magic, or other powers.\\nIf NPC'S witness your transformation, they will run, or attack you. In the least case they will treat you like an outsider, saying \\\"I find your wolfish grin... unsettling.\\\" \\\"You smell like a wet dog.\\\" \\\"Is that... Hair growing out of your ears?\\\" and even \\\"Ah, you've been playing with your hounds again?\\\" But Eorlund Gray-Mane will defend you if you transform in the middle of Whiterun.\\n2-4. Cure yourself of lycanthropy.\\nYou may wish to cure yourself of lycanthropy. Unless you have activated the Dawnguard Expansion Pack* (*Aela can give you blood once more) or downloaded a mod, it will be impossible to become a werewolf again.\\nTips\\nIf you're too lazy to actually do all the quests and you are playing the PC version of the game, press the tilde key and type \\\"player.addspell 00092c48\\\" to automatically give you Beast Form. Press enter and the tilde key again to close the console.\\nWild wolves won't attack you if you're transformed into a werewolf.\\nYou can attack townspeople while in beast form and not get charged with a crime! Just make sure no one sees you transforming.\\nWarnings\\nYou can't use healing potions or spells while in Beast Form, so be careful.\\nYou can only use it once a day unless you are wearing the Ring of Hircine (then it is two times a day), so use it wisely.\\nNPCs will turn on you if they see you transform.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Ever wondered how to become a werewolf in Skyrim? As a werewolf, you can do melee attacks with your claws and run on all fours. You also get increased strength and resistance to disease.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Werewolf\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Join the Companions.\", \"描述\": \"Go to Whiterun, the city just north of Riverwood, and join the Companions. You can encounter Aela the Huntress just outside the city or. She will send you on a quest with Vilkas to obtain a fragment of a legendary battle ax. The dungeon where this fragment is found is chock-full with draugr, so be very prepared. Follow Vilkas and the quest updates until you have completed the dungeon. Afterwards, you will need to meet Vilkas in front of Jorrvaskr to more officially join the Companions and move forward towards becoming a werewolf.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Do another radiant quest.\", \"描述\": \"Same procedure as before. It will sometimes give you the choice to pick between three of the leaders, choose Farkas for the quest of becoming a werewolf (after the quest). During this/another quest you will witness him, turn into a werewolf himself.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Meet with Skjor.\", \"描述\": \"With the radiant quest complete, you will need to talk to Skjor. He will request to meet you at night. Do so, and soon, Aela will also turn into a werewolf, and you can drink her blood.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Turn into a werewolf.\", \"描述\": \"Activate the fountain when prompted and you will become a werewolf. Complete further Companions quests or simply enjoy your new powers.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"After Becoming a Werewolf\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use the magic menu to activate your power.\", \"描述\": \"You can only transform once a day (unless you have the Ring of Hircine) and the Beast Form lasts for 150 seconds. Time is extended for beast form if you feed off corpses, giving you an additional 30 seconds. Select it from the power menu and activate it in a similar manner to Shouts.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know the benefits.\", \"描述\": \"Benefits are only applicable when in beast form.\\nYou will be cured of all diseases. This includes vampirism.\\nYour health and stamina will increase, as well as stamina regeneration.\\nYour carrying capacity will increase 2000 pts as a wolf.\\nYou can use Howls, which are similar to shouts. Howls drives enemies away.\\nYou will have claws which act as both weapon and protection.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understand downsides.\", \"描述\": \"As nice as the upsides are, there are a number of downsides of which you should be aware.\\nSilver harms anyone, but as a werewolf--especially in wolf form--silver hurts you even more than before.\\nYou will not receive any resting bonuses.\\nRacial abilities will not carry over.\\nYou cannot use equipment, magic, or other powers.\\nIf NPC'S witness your transformation, they will run, or attack you. In the least case they will treat you like an outsider, saying \\\"I find your wolfish grin... unsettling.\\\" \\\"You smell like a wet dog.\\\" \\\"Is that... Hair growing out of your ears?\\\" and even \\\"Ah, you've been playing with your hounds again?\\\" But Eorlund Gray-Mane will defend you if you transform in the middle of Whiterun.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Cure yourself of lycanthropy.\", \"描述\": \"You may wish to cure yourself of lycanthropy. Unless you have activated the Dawnguard Expansion Pack* (*Aela can give you blood once more) or downloaded a mod, it will be impossible to become a werewolf again.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you're too lazy to actually do all the quests and you are playing the PC version of the game, press the tilde key and type \\\"player.addspell 00092c48\\\" to automatically give you Beast Form. Press enter and the tilde key again to close the console.\\n\", \"Wild wolves won't attack you if you're transformed into a werewolf.\\n\", \"You can attack townspeople while in beast form and not get charged with a crime! Just make sure no one sees you transforming.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"You can't use healing potions or spells while in Beast Form, so be careful.\\n\", \"You can only use it once a day unless you are wearing the Ring of Hircine (then it is two times a day), so use it wisely.\\n\", \"NPCs will turn on you if they see you transform.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,884 |
How to Become a Wet Nurse
|
1. Choosing a Lactation Method
Induce lactation.
In order to become a wet nurse, you must first induce lactation. You can do so either with or without becoming pregnant. The next two parts cover are the two methods you can choose to initiate lactation.
2. Achieving Lactation Through Pregnancy
2-1. Get pregnant.
Decide carefully on which method of fertilization you want. Artificial insemination is becoming more common and has a high success rate. However, if you want to get pregnant the old fashioned way, all you need to do is eliminate birth control from your regime and have unprotected sex when you are most fertile.
Buy pregnancy tests in bulk, as you will need to use one five to six days after you have sex. It is also useful to use more than one pregnancy test to ensure that you are not getting any false positives.
2-2. See a gynecologist if you are having difficulties getting pregnant.
They can help you choose the method of fertilization best suited to your health and lifestyle. When you see your doctor, ask her or him if it would be beneficial for you to start taking prenatal vitamins prior to becoming pregnant.
2-3. Observe changes within your body.
Having sex right before you ovulate increases your chances of getting pregnant. You can determine your ovulation patterns by noticing changes within your body during that time. Normally your body temperature goes up by a few degrees when you ovulate, so keep a thermometer handy. Your vaginal discharge also tells you a lot about your fertility. When is is clear and more fluid like, you are more fertile than when it is a dry, milky white.
2-4. Read this entire guide before marketing yourself as a wet nurse while pregnant.
2-5. Prepare to lactate.
During pregnancy, hormonal changes occur within the body and you need to be ready for them. Your breasts will start to feel swollen, tender, and you may not fit into your normal bra size. Your nipples may also become swollen, puckered, or darker. Little bumps that secrete oils called Montgomery’s tubercles may also appear on the nipples. These are signs that the body is getting ready to produce milk and may start in the first trimester.
2-6. Use a milk pump prior to having your baby.
It is important to pump out the colostrum from your breasts before you start marketing yourself as a wet nurse; unless, of course, your clients want you to breastfeed their children with the excess fats, proteins, and antibodies found in your colostrum. Pumping gets the breasts accustomed to producing milk, thus facilitating the feeding process for your little clients.
2-7. Anticipate increased milk production.
Within two days after giving birth, your body ramps up production of hormones which increase lactation longevity. The clients you had during pregnancy will find your services to be even more useful now. You may even feel as if you have super powers, as your mammary glands are now equipped with tense muscles that make your milk squirt as far as 10 feet!
3. Achieving Lactation Without Pregnancy
3-1. Be aware of side effects.
Side effects may include and are not limited to swollen/sore nipples, enlarged breasts and frequent mood swings. Side effects occur due to the hormone supplements you will take for the lactation process to occur that signal the body to believe that it is pregnant.
3-2. Consult with a professional lactation consultant for advice and guidance.
Lactation specialists are best equipped to provide the necessary prescription to receive pills, supplements or other medications. It is important to obtain a medical examination record to show your customers that you have a drug- and alcohol-free lifestyle.
3-3. Know your hormones.
Domperidone is the most common hormone supplement purposed with inducing lactation. Consult a doctor prior to taking any supplements, as they can prescribe the supplements most appropriate to your health and lifestyle. However, pharmacies within the US do sell this hormone without a prescription. However, it is not advised that you take any pills without a doctor’s prescription.
3-4. Take supplements consistently.
Follow the prescription instructions exactly, as any minor deviation can slow the process of inducing of lactation. Pay attention to the side effects that come along with taking certain hormones and monitor these side effects to ensure that you are not having any allergic reactions.
3-5. Take estrogen pills to trick your body into thinking that it is pregnant.
This will help with the transition of lactation. Six months before you wish to begin breastfeeding, stop taking estrogen because this action tricks the body into thinking you have given birth (How to Lactate) and are now ready to produce larger quantities of milk.
3-6. Create physical stimulation through a breast pump.
Breast pumps can be found in baby department stores and retail stores that sell a wide range of products. Using a breast pump to initiate lactation provides consistent stimulation to the nipple. Use the breast pump three times a day for 15 to 20 minutes. Start with a low suction, allowing the nipples to adjust to the sucking feeling. Lactation may not occur immediately. Improve your chances of lactating sooner by taking your hormones consistently and practicing nipple stimulation daily.
3-7. Opt for manual stimulation, as this method is cheaper but requires more time.
With this labor intensive process, you begin massaging one breast with both hands. It is important to massage your entire breast, focusing especially on the nipple. Stimulate yours nipples in a fashion similar to that of a suckling infant. Massage your breasts 10 to 16 times a day. When you begin to feel engorged with milk, start bending forward while doing your daily massages, allowing the milk to flow downwards and excrete from the nipple. If you do not see any lactation within two months, it is best to resolve to the breast pump method.
4. Preparing Yourself for Work
4-1. Get tested for all kinds of STDs and common viruses.
Your clients will likely want to see your medical history and you will look very professional if you have copies of it. For more details on the things you should be tested for, visit mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sexually-transmitted-diseases-stds/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20034128.
4-2. Sanitize constantly.
The health of your little clients depends on your cleanliness. Ensure that you sanitize your nipples in between clients. It is recommended that you only breastfeed children who do not have teeth, as bites can cause skin breakage and will put you out of commission until they heal. If you are bitten, visit a doctor immediately to get the all clear and also let your clients know about the incident in writing of your being bitten prior to breastfeeding their child.
4-3. Ask your doctor if they would recommend that you take lactation supplements.
Ensure that the supplements you take are safe for both you and the infants you will be breastfeeding. Organic supplements may not last as long as artificial ones and may be more expensive, but they are usually safer and are highly recommended. You can refer to motherlove.com’s homepage for more information on taking organic supplements.
4-4. Shop for your cup size.
You do not want to deal with the discomfort of a bra that is too big or too small during or after breastfeeding. Go to a nearby maternity store and have them measure your bust to ensure that you get the right cup size. Also get a tightly knit cup size to provide ample support for your breasts.
4-5. Look for bras with removable nipple holes in order to facilitate the feeding process.
You can also get a bra that unlatches from the front.
4-6. Purchase cotton bras, as they allow the skin to breathe and prevent the growth of bacteria.
Avoid any lace or silky material that can be easily soiled. Underwire bras may result in irritation of the breasts as the wire may push against the breast tissue and create discomfort.
4-7. Wash your breastfeeding bras regularly.
Washing your bras with hot water and mild laundry detergent is extremely effective. Sanitizing them with chemicals is not recommended because often these chemicals are too harsh and may harm your little clients upon contact.
4-8. Consult a lawyer.
Paperwork is necessary for this exchange of bodily fluid. You must always enforce the safety of the child as well of yourself while wet nursing. Have a lawyer draw up a contract detailing exactly what services you will provide to your little clients and have the lawyer include a consent form that must be signed by the parent with an unbiased witness present.
4-9. Get regular checkups to ensure that you are at optimal health when wet nursing, and have the paperwork to prove this.
A contract also helps to avoid any awkwardness that may accompany this kind of transaction, as it includes the risks, benefits, compensation, binding period (how long you will provide these services), and consent of both parties in writing.
4-10. Market yourself innovatively.
You can start marketing yourself as a wet nurse on freelance websites like Craigslist. If you prefer not to have bodily contact with your clients however, consider opting for freezing and selling your milk to local hospitals or even online (just make sure the seal is airtight).
4-11. Join communities that promote breastfeeding and get yourself acquainted with the maternal wards of nearby hospitals.
Some mothers are not able to produce milk for their infants, or should not because they have harmful substances in their systems. Therefore, making yourself known to local hospitals and OB/GYNs as a wet nurse is a good way to start marketing because hospitals recommend breastfeeding instead of artificial feeding and would likely make use of your services.
4-12. Seek wet nursing affiliated organizations.
A good place to start marketing during your pregnancy is La Leche League, an organization dedicated to providing support and education to breastfeeding women. They hold meetings regularly and you could easily find a client there! There are also companies like Certified Household Staffing, based in Los Angeles, who act as middlemen and connect wet nurses to employers.
4-13. Tailor your client quantity to your tolerance for pain.
Feeling sore is normal. For the first few days of breastfeeding, you may feel discomfort. This pain can be alleviated by gently rubbing ice on your nipples or applying organic, paraben-free ointment. Start wet nursing two to three children a day, slowly adding clients as you grow comfortable.
5. Maximizing Milk Volume
5-1. Drink water in sufficient quantities.
While breastfeeding, women must stay hydrated to continue maximizing their milk volume. Drink five glasses of water per infant, per hour. Another way to balance your liquids is to consume raw vegetables, fruits, and drink herbal teas. Avoid heavily salted foods and caffeinated beverages, like coffee and soda.
5-2. Ensure that you've met all the proper dietary needs.
Consume specific foods like oatmeal, garlic, carrots and nuts. These are nutritional foods that several sources claim increase lactation. Include fenugreek and fennel seeds in your diet to increase milk production. Consider using go-lacta pills or powder, which can be found at www.golacta.com.
5-3. Relax and maintain a positive mindset.
Stay stress free. Getting into the right mindset about lactation will increase the chances of milk production. Maintain a healthy lifestyle mentally and physically. Babies sense stress and fatigue, so do not bring such emotional states into the feeding environment. If you feel stress or anxiety, consider yoga or meditation classes.
6. Maintaining your business
6-1. Develop customer loyalty through professionalism and individualized care.
Monitor your milk production. Keep in mind that your revenue directly correlates to your client base. Whether you chose to become pregnant or not to induce lactation, you must still continue to breastfeed in order to continue producing milk.
6-2. Achieve lactation longevity.
Breastfeed indefinitely, if you choose to. Judith Waterford, a renowned wet nurse in the early 1800s, continued to produce milk until she was on her deathbed at 81 years old! Continue to breastfeed every day, and continue to pump milk on your days off.
Tips
Wash your bras and bathe yourself frequently, especially between clients. Limit the transfer of germs as much as possible.
Always speak to your doctor if you have any questions or concerns.
Obtain a support system to help you get your business started and help you with doctors’ appointments as this profession can be overwhelming at times.
Warnings
If a client makes you uncomfortable, stop working for them immediately. Breastfeeding another’s child is difficult enough without pressure from the parent.
Ensure that your milk pump is sanitary. Bacteria can easily begin to grow inside the tubes of your pump if you do not wash them frequently with hot water and soap.
Do not get too attached to your little clients, as they will inevitably age and will no longer need your services after a while.
Avoid alcohol and do not take any drugs without your consulting your doctor
Protect your reputation as a wet nurse, as online reviews of your services can make or break you.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:05",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Choosing a Lactation Method\\nInduce lactation.\\nIn order to become a wet nurse, you must first induce lactation. You can do so either with or without becoming pregnant. The next two parts cover are the two methods you can choose to initiate lactation.\\n2. Achieving Lactation Through Pregnancy\\n2-1. Get pregnant.\\nDecide carefully on which method of fertilization you want. Artificial insemination is becoming more common and has a high success rate. However, if you want to get pregnant the old fashioned way, all you need to do is eliminate birth control from your regime and have unprotected sex when you are most fertile.\\nBuy pregnancy tests in bulk, as you will need to use one five to six days after you have sex. It is also useful to use more than one pregnancy test to ensure that you are not getting any false positives.\\n2-2. See a gynecologist if you are having difficulties getting pregnant.\\nThey can help you choose the method of fertilization best suited to your health and lifestyle. When you see your doctor, ask her or him if it would be beneficial for you to start taking prenatal vitamins prior to becoming pregnant.\\n2-3. Observe changes within your body.\\nHaving sex right before you ovulate increases your chances of getting pregnant. You can determine your ovulation patterns by noticing changes within your body during that time. Normally your body temperature goes up by a few degrees when you ovulate, so keep a thermometer handy. Your vaginal discharge also tells you a lot about your fertility. When is is clear and more fluid like, you are more fertile than when it is a dry, milky white.\\n2-4. Read this entire guide before marketing yourself as a wet nurse while pregnant.\\n\\n2-5. Prepare to lactate.\\nDuring pregnancy, hormonal changes occur within the body and you need to be ready for them. Your breasts will start to feel swollen, tender, and you may not fit into your normal bra size. Your nipples may also become swollen, puckered, or darker. Little bumps that secrete oils called Montgomery’s tubercles may also appear on the nipples. These are signs that the body is getting ready to produce milk and may start in the first trimester.\\n2-6. Use a milk pump prior to having your baby.\\nIt is important to pump out the colostrum from your breasts before you start marketing yourself as a wet nurse; unless, of course, your clients want you to breastfeed their children with the excess fats, proteins, and antibodies found in your colostrum. Pumping gets the breasts accustomed to producing milk, thus facilitating the feeding process for your little clients.\\n2-7. Anticipate increased milk production.\\nWithin two days after giving birth, your body ramps up production of hormones which increase lactation longevity. The clients you had during pregnancy will find your services to be even more useful now. You may even feel as if you have super powers, as your mammary glands are now equipped with tense muscles that make your milk squirt as far as 10 feet!\\n3. Achieving Lactation Without Pregnancy\\n3-1. Be aware of side effects.\\nSide effects may include and are not limited to swollen/sore nipples, enlarged breasts and frequent mood swings. Side effects occur due to the hormone supplements you will take for the lactation process to occur that signal the body to believe that it is pregnant.\\n3-2. Consult with a professional lactation consultant for advice and guidance.\\nLactation specialists are best equipped to provide the necessary prescription to receive pills, supplements or other medications. It is important to obtain a medical examination record to show your customers that you have a drug- and alcohol-free lifestyle.\\n3-3. Know your hormones.\\nDomperidone is the most common hormone supplement purposed with inducing lactation. Consult a doctor prior to taking any supplements, as they can prescribe the supplements most appropriate to your health and lifestyle. However, pharmacies within the US do sell this hormone without a prescription. However, it is not advised that you take any pills without a doctor’s prescription.\\n3-4. Take supplements consistently.\\nFollow the prescription instructions exactly, as any minor deviation can slow the process of inducing of lactation. Pay attention to the side effects that come along with taking certain hormones and monitor these side effects to ensure that you are not having any allergic reactions.\\n3-5. Take estrogen pills to trick your body into thinking that it is pregnant.\\nThis will help with the transition of lactation. Six months before you wish to begin breastfeeding, stop taking estrogen because this action tricks the body into thinking you have given birth (How to Lactate) and are now ready to produce larger quantities of milk.\\n3-6. Create physical stimulation through a breast pump.\\nBreast pumps can be found in baby department stores and retail stores that sell a wide range of products. Using a breast pump to initiate lactation provides consistent stimulation to the nipple. Use the breast pump three times a day for 15 to 20 minutes. Start with a low suction, allowing the nipples to adjust to the sucking feeling. Lactation may not occur immediately. Improve your chances of lactating sooner by taking your hormones consistently and practicing nipple stimulation daily.\\n3-7. Opt for manual stimulation, as this method is cheaper but requires more time.\\nWith this labor intensive process, you begin massaging one breast with both hands. It is important to massage your entire breast, focusing especially on the nipple. Stimulate yours nipples in a fashion similar to that of a suckling infant. Massage your breasts 10 to 16 times a day. When you begin to feel engorged with milk, start bending forward while doing your daily massages, allowing the milk to flow downwards and excrete from the nipple. If you do not see any lactation within two months, it is best to resolve to the breast pump method.\\n4. Preparing Yourself for Work\\n4-1. Get tested for all kinds of STDs and common viruses.\\nYour clients will likely want to see your medical history and you will look very professional if you have copies of it. For more details on the things you should be tested for, visit mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sexually-transmitted-diseases-stds/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20034128.\\n4-2. Sanitize constantly.\\nThe health of your little clients depends on your cleanliness. Ensure that you sanitize your nipples in between clients. It is recommended that you only breastfeed children who do not have teeth, as bites can cause skin breakage and will put you out of commission until they heal. If you are bitten, visit a doctor immediately to get the all clear and also let your clients know about the incident in writing of your being bitten prior to breastfeeding their child.\\n4-3. Ask your doctor if they would recommend that you take lactation supplements.\\nEnsure that the supplements you take are safe for both you and the infants you will be breastfeeding. Organic supplements may not last as long as artificial ones and may be more expensive, but they are usually safer and are highly recommended. You can refer to motherlove.com’s homepage for more information on taking organic supplements.\\n4-4. Shop for your cup size.\\nYou do not want to deal with the discomfort of a bra that is too big or too small during or after breastfeeding. Go to a nearby maternity store and have them measure your bust to ensure that you get the right cup size. Also get a tightly knit cup size to provide ample support for your breasts.\\n4-5. Look for bras with removable nipple holes in order to facilitate the feeding process.\\nYou can also get a bra that unlatches from the front.\\n4-6. Purchase cotton bras, as they allow the skin to breathe and prevent the growth of bacteria.\\nAvoid any lace or silky material that can be easily soiled. Underwire bras may result in irritation of the breasts as the wire may push against the breast tissue and create discomfort.\\n4-7. Wash your breastfeeding bras regularly.\\nWashing your bras with hot water and mild laundry detergent is extremely effective. Sanitizing them with chemicals is not recommended because often these chemicals are too harsh and may harm your little clients upon contact.\\n4-8. Consult a lawyer.\\nPaperwork is necessary for this exchange of bodily fluid. You must always enforce the safety of the child as well of yourself while wet nursing. Have a lawyer draw up a contract detailing exactly what services you will provide to your little clients and have the lawyer include a consent form that must be signed by the parent with an unbiased witness present.\\n4-9. Get regular checkups to ensure that you are at optimal health when wet nursing, and have the paperwork to prove this.\\nA contract also helps to avoid any awkwardness that may accompany this kind of transaction, as it includes the risks, benefits, compensation, binding period (how long you will provide these services), and consent of both parties in writing.\\n4-10. Market yourself innovatively.\\nYou can start marketing yourself as a wet nurse on freelance websites like Craigslist. If you prefer not to have bodily contact with your clients however, consider opting for freezing and selling your milk to local hospitals or even online (just make sure the seal is airtight).\\n4-11. Join communities that promote breastfeeding and get yourself acquainted with the maternal wards of nearby hospitals.\\nSome mothers are not able to produce milk for their infants, or should not because they have harmful substances in their systems. Therefore, making yourself known to local hospitals and OB/GYNs as a wet nurse is a good way to start marketing because hospitals recommend breastfeeding instead of artificial feeding and would likely make use of your services.\\n4-12. Seek wet nursing affiliated organizations.\\nA good place to start marketing during your pregnancy is La Leche League, an organization dedicated to providing support and education to breastfeeding women. They hold meetings regularly and you could easily find a client there! There are also companies like Certified Household Staffing, based in Los Angeles, who act as middlemen and connect wet nurses to employers.\\n4-13. Tailor your client quantity to your tolerance for pain.\\nFeeling sore is normal. For the first few days of breastfeeding, you may feel discomfort. This pain can be alleviated by gently rubbing ice on your nipples or applying organic, paraben-free ointment. Start wet nursing two to three children a day, slowly adding clients as you grow comfortable.\\n5. Maximizing Milk Volume\\n5-1. Drink water in sufficient quantities.\\nWhile breastfeeding, women must stay hydrated to continue maximizing their milk volume. Drink five glasses of water per infant, per hour. Another way to balance your liquids is to consume raw vegetables, fruits, and drink herbal teas. Avoid heavily salted foods and caffeinated beverages, like coffee and soda.\\n5-2. Ensure that you've met all the proper dietary needs.\\nConsume specific foods like oatmeal, garlic, carrots and nuts. These are nutritional foods that several sources claim increase lactation. Include fenugreek and fennel seeds in your diet to increase milk production. Consider using go-lacta pills or powder, which can be found at www.golacta.com.\\n5-3. Relax and maintain a positive mindset.\\nStay stress free. Getting into the right mindset about lactation will increase the chances of milk production. Maintain a healthy lifestyle mentally and physically. Babies sense stress and fatigue, so do not bring such emotional states into the feeding environment. If you feel stress or anxiety, consider yoga or meditation classes.\\n6. Maintaining your business\\n6-1. Develop customer loyalty through professionalism and individualized care.\\nMonitor your milk production. Keep in mind that your revenue directly correlates to your client base. Whether you chose to become pregnant or not to induce lactation, you must still continue to breastfeed in order to continue producing milk.\\n6-2. Achieve lactation longevity.\\nBreastfeed indefinitely, if you choose to. Judith Waterford, a renowned wet nurse in the early 1800s, continued to produce milk until she was on her deathbed at 81 years old! Continue to breastfeed every day, and continue to pump milk on your days off.\\nTips\\nWash your bras and bathe yourself frequently, especially between clients. Limit the transfer of germs as much as possible.\\nAlways speak to your doctor if you have any questions or concerns.\\nObtain a support system to help you get your business started and help you with doctors’ appointments as this profession can be overwhelming at times.\\nWarnings\\nIf a client makes you uncomfortable, stop working for them immediately. Breastfeeding another’s child is difficult enough without pressure from the parent.\\nEnsure that your milk pump is sanitary. Bacteria can easily begin to grow inside the tubes of your pump if you do not wash them frequently with hot water and soap.\\nDo not get too attached to your little clients, as they will inevitably age and will no longer need your services after a while.\\nAvoid alcohol and do not take any drugs without your consulting your doctor\\nProtect your reputation as a wet nurse, as online reviews of your services can make or break you.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Wet nursing, the breastfeeding of babies from unrelated mothers, is one of the oldest professions in human history. Breast milk is the safest nutritional supplement a baby can consume. It provides the infants with natural antibodies, vitamins, minerals, fats, and proteins that cannot be found in artificial formulas. For mothers who cannot provide breast milk to their newborns, finding a wet nurse is the next best thing and it can be a very lucrative profession.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choosing a Lactation Method\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Induce lactation.\", \"描述\": \"In order to become a wet nurse, you must first induce lactation. You can do so either with or without becoming pregnant. The next two parts cover are the two methods you can choose to initiate lactation.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Achieving Lactation Through Pregnancy\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get pregnant.\", \"描述\": \"Decide carefully on which method of fertilization you want. Artificial insemination is becoming more common and has a high success rate. However, if you want to get pregnant the old fashioned way, all you need to do is eliminate birth control from your regime and have unprotected sex when you are most fertile.\\nBuy pregnancy tests in bulk, as you will need to use one five to six days after you have sex. It is also useful to use more than one pregnancy test to ensure that you are not getting any false positives.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"See a gynecologist if you are having difficulties getting pregnant.\", \"描述\": \"They can help you choose the method of fertilization best suited to your health and lifestyle. When you see your doctor, ask her or him if it would be beneficial for you to start taking prenatal vitamins prior to becoming pregnant.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Observe changes within your body.\", \"描述\": \"Having sex right before you ovulate increases your chances of getting pregnant. You can determine your ovulation patterns by noticing changes within your body during that time. Normally your body temperature goes up by a few degrees when you ovulate, so keep a thermometer handy. Your vaginal discharge also tells you a lot about your fertility. When is is clear and more fluid like, you are more fertile than when it is a dry, milky white.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Read this entire guide before marketing yourself as a wet nurse while pregnant.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Prepare to lactate.\", \"描述\": \"During pregnancy, hormonal changes occur within the body and you need to be ready for them. Your breasts will start to feel swollen, tender, and you may not fit into your normal bra size. Your nipples may also become swollen, puckered, or darker. Little bumps that secrete oils called Montgomery’s tubercles may also appear on the nipples. These are signs that the body is getting ready to produce milk and may start in the first trimester.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Use a milk pump prior to having your baby.\", \"描述\": \"It is important to pump out the colostrum from your breasts before you start marketing yourself as a wet nurse; unless, of course, your clients want you to breastfeed their children with the excess fats, proteins, and antibodies found in your colostrum. Pumping gets the breasts accustomed to producing milk, thus facilitating the feeding process for your little clients.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Anticipate increased milk production.\", \"描述\": \"Within two days after giving birth, your body ramps up production of hormones which increase lactation longevity. The clients you had during pregnancy will find your services to be even more useful now. You may even feel as if you have super powers, as your mammary glands are now equipped with tense muscles that make your milk squirt as far as 10 feet!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Achieving Lactation Without Pregnancy\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be aware of side effects.\", \"描述\": \"Side effects may include and are not limited to swollen/sore nipples, enlarged breasts and frequent mood swings. Side effects occur due to the hormone supplements you will take for the lactation process to occur that signal the body to believe that it is pregnant.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consult with a professional lactation consultant for advice and guidance.\", \"描述\": \"Lactation specialists are best equipped to provide the necessary prescription to receive pills, supplements or other medications. It is important to obtain a medical examination record to show your customers that you have a drug- and alcohol-free lifestyle.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know your hormones.\", \"描述\": \"Domperidone is the most common hormone supplement purposed with inducing lactation. Consult a doctor prior to taking any supplements, as they can prescribe the supplements most appropriate to your health and lifestyle. However, pharmacies within the US do sell this hormone without a prescription. However, it is not advised that you take any pills without a doctor’s prescription.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take supplements consistently.\", \"描述\": \"Follow the prescription instructions exactly, as any minor deviation can slow the process of inducing of lactation. Pay attention to the side effects that come along with taking certain hormones and monitor these side effects to ensure that you are not having any allergic reactions.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take estrogen pills to trick your body into thinking that it is pregnant.\", \"描述\": \"This will help with the transition of lactation. Six months before you wish to begin breastfeeding, stop taking estrogen because this action tricks the body into thinking you have given birth (How to Lactate) and are now ready to produce larger quantities of milk.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Create physical stimulation through a breast pump.\", \"描述\": \"Breast pumps can be found in baby department stores and retail stores that sell a wide range of products. Using a breast pump to initiate lactation provides consistent stimulation to the nipple. Use the breast pump three times a day for 15 to 20 minutes. Start with a low suction, allowing the nipples to adjust to the sucking feeling. Lactation may not occur immediately. Improve your chances of lactating sooner by taking your hormones consistently and practicing nipple stimulation daily.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Opt for manual stimulation, as this method is cheaper but requires more time.\", \"描述\": \"With this labor intensive process, you begin massaging one breast with both hands. It is important to massage your entire breast, focusing especially on the nipple. Stimulate yours nipples in a fashion similar to that of a suckling infant. Massage your breasts 10 to 16 times a day. When you begin to feel engorged with milk, start bending forward while doing your daily massages, allowing the milk to flow downwards and excrete from the nipple. If you do not see any lactation within two months, it is best to resolve to the breast pump method.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Preparing Yourself for Work\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get tested for all kinds of STDs and common viruses.\", \"描述\": \"Your clients will likely want to see your medical history and you will look very professional if you have copies of it. For more details on the things you should be tested for, visit mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sexually-transmitted-diseases-stds/basics/tests-diagnosis/con-20034128.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sanitize constantly.\", \"描述\": \"The health of your little clients depends on your cleanliness. Ensure that you sanitize your nipples in between clients. It is recommended that you only breastfeed children who do not have teeth, as bites can cause skin breakage and will put you out of commission until they heal. If you are bitten, visit a doctor immediately to get the all clear and also let your clients know about the incident in writing of your being bitten prior to breastfeeding their child.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ask your doctor if they would recommend that you take lactation supplements.\", \"描述\": \"Ensure that the supplements you take are safe for both you and the infants you will be breastfeeding. Organic supplements may not last as long as artificial ones and may be more expensive, but they are usually safer and are highly recommended. You can refer to motherlove.com’s homepage for more information on taking organic supplements.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Shop for your cup size.\", \"描述\": \"You do not want to deal with the discomfort of a bra that is too big or too small during or after breastfeeding. Go to a nearby maternity store and have them measure your bust to ensure that you get the right cup size. Also get a tightly knit cup size to provide ample support for your breasts.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Look for bras with removable nipple holes in order to facilitate the feeding process.\", \"描述\": \"You can also get a bra that unlatches from the front.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Purchase cotton bras, as they allow the skin to breathe and prevent the growth of bacteria.\", \"描述\": \"Avoid any lace or silky material that can be easily soiled. Underwire bras may result in irritation of the breasts as the wire may push against the breast tissue and create discomfort.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Wash your breastfeeding bras regularly.\", \"描述\": \"Washing your bras with hot water and mild laundry detergent is extremely effective. Sanitizing them with chemicals is not recommended because often these chemicals are too harsh and may harm your little clients upon contact.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Consult a lawyer.\", \"描述\": \"Paperwork is necessary for this exchange of bodily fluid. You must always enforce the safety of the child as well of yourself while wet nursing. Have a lawyer draw up a contract detailing exactly what services you will provide to your little clients and have the lawyer include a consent form that must be signed by the parent with an unbiased witness present.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Get regular checkups to ensure that you are at optimal health when wet nursing, and have the paperwork to prove this.\", \"描述\": \"A contract also helps to avoid any awkwardness that may accompany this kind of transaction, as it includes the risks, benefits, compensation, binding period (how long you will provide these services), and consent of both parties in writing.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Market yourself innovatively.\", \"描述\": \"You can start marketing yourself as a wet nurse on freelance websites like Craigslist. If you prefer not to have bodily contact with your clients however, consider opting for freezing and selling your milk to local hospitals or even online (just make sure the seal is airtight).\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Join communities that promote breastfeeding and get yourself acquainted with the maternal wards of nearby hospitals.\", \"描述\": \"Some mothers are not able to produce milk for their infants, or should not because they have harmful substances in their systems. Therefore, making yourself known to local hospitals and OB/GYNs as a wet nurse is a good way to start marketing because hospitals recommend breastfeeding instead of artificial feeding and would likely make use of your services.\"}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Seek wet nursing affiliated organizations.\", \"描述\": \"A good place to start marketing during your pregnancy is La Leche League, an organization dedicated to providing support and education to breastfeeding women. They hold meetings regularly and you could easily find a client there! There are also companies like Certified Household Staffing, based in Los Angeles, who act as middlemen and connect wet nurses to employers.\"}, {\"编号\": 13, \"标题\": \"Tailor your client quantity to your tolerance for pain.\", \"描述\": \"Feeling sore is normal. For the first few days of breastfeeding, you may feel discomfort. This pain can be alleviated by gently rubbing ice on your nipples or applying organic, paraben-free ointment. Start wet nursing two to three children a day, slowly adding clients as you grow comfortable.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Maximizing Milk Volume\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Drink water in sufficient quantities.\", \"描述\": \"While breastfeeding, women must stay hydrated to continue maximizing their milk volume. Drink five glasses of water per infant, per hour. Another way to balance your liquids is to consume raw vegetables, fruits, and drink herbal teas. Avoid heavily salted foods and caffeinated beverages, like coffee and soda.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ensure that you've met all the proper dietary needs.\", \"描述\": \"Consume specific foods like oatmeal, garlic, carrots and nuts. These are nutritional foods that several sources claim increase lactation. Include fenugreek and fennel seeds in your diet to increase milk production. Consider using go-lacta pills or powder, which can be found at www.golacta.com.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Relax and maintain a positive mindset.\", \"描述\": \"Stay stress free. Getting into the right mindset about lactation will increase the chances of milk production. Maintain a healthy lifestyle mentally and physically. Babies sense stress and fatigue, so do not bring such emotional states into the feeding environment. If you feel stress or anxiety, consider yoga or meditation classes.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Maintaining your business\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Develop customer loyalty through professionalism and individualized care.\", \"描述\": \"Monitor your milk production. Keep in mind that your revenue directly correlates to your client base. Whether you chose to become pregnant or not to induce lactation, you must still continue to breastfeed in order to continue producing milk.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Achieve lactation longevity.\", \"描述\": \"Breastfeed indefinitely, if you choose to. Judith Waterford, a renowned wet nurse in the early 1800s, continued to produce milk until she was on her deathbed at 81 years old! Continue to breastfeed every day, and continue to pump milk on your days off.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Wash your bras and bathe yourself frequently, especially between clients. Limit the transfer of germs as much as possible.\\n\", \"Always speak to your doctor if you have any questions or concerns.\\n\", \"Obtain a support system to help you get your business started and help you with doctors’ appointments as this profession can be overwhelming at times.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If a client makes you uncomfortable, stop working for them immediately. Breastfeeding another’s child is difficult enough without pressure from the parent.\\n\", \"Ensure that your milk pump is sanitary. Bacteria can easily begin to grow inside the tubes of your pump if you do not wash them frequently with hot water and soap.\\n\", \"Do not get too attached to your little clients, as they will inevitably age and will no longer need your services after a while.\\n\", \"Avoid alcohol and do not take any drugs without your consulting your doctor\\n\", \"Protect your reputation as a wet nurse, as online reviews of your services can make or break you.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,885 |
How to Become a Wholesale Car Dealer in California
|
1. Meeting the Requirements
1-1. Read the DMV's application checklist.
The DMV provides a handy, editable checklist PDF that you can work through to complete your whole dealer application. It lays out each document you will need to complete and submit before being eligible to receive your dealer license.
If it any point you don't understand part of the application, follow the checklist's included links or see the DMV's application guide (OL 248).
1-2. Make sure you have a valid California drivers license.
The checklist does not specify that you must have a California drivers license, but you need to have an in-state drivers license to be a legally-licensed dealer. You may see online opportunities to get licensed as a dealer out of state, but these are usually scams. In any case, make sure your California drivers license is up-to-date.
1-3. Lease or purchase a business location.
In order to become a wholesale dealer, you will need a location for conducting business. However, you do not need a car lot or storefront. You need somewhere to store your vehicles and a business location, but it doesn't matter if they are the same place. You cannot use your home as your business location. Once you have a business location, make sure you have the following ready for later:
A lease contract, rental agreement, or deed to your business location.
A photograph of your business location as defined in the dealer application guide (OL 248).
Your place of business will be inspected during the application process. Make sure it meets all additional requirements, as outlined on under "place of business inspection".
1-4. Come up with a name for your business.
When licensing and creating your business, come you must up with a name to use. Think of something that explains what you do, like "Johnson Wholesale Auto Traders" or something similar. This will make it clear to prospective customers that you are what they are looking for. Your business name will be filed using a Fictitious Name Statement, which you will need to file with your state prior to applying for your dealer license.
1-5. Obtain a resale permit.
Apply with your local Board of Equalization office to get an Equalization Resale permit, which allows you to collect taxes. The application is free, but you may have to pay a deposit, depending on you business's individual situation. You must maintain this permit to obtain and keep your wholesale dealer license.
1-6. Get a business license.
You will need a city and/or a county business license to establish your wholesale dealer business. Check with your local city or country chamber of commerce to apply for a business license. Either a copy of this license or a letter specifying that your county does not issue business licenses is required to obtain your wholesale dealer license.
1-7. Obtain a surety bond.
A surety bond is a guarantee that the dealer will adhere to state and local regulations and laws when dealing with sellers and customers. The bond pays out damages to harmed parties in the event that the dealer commits fraud. For a wholesale dealer, the value of this bond is required to be $10,000. However, you will only pay a percentage of this value that will be based on your credit history. Visit a surety bond agency to get a quote for your bond.
Dealers with good credit (over 680), will pay about $100.
Dealers with medium credit (600-680) can expect to pay between $100 and $500.
Dealers with bad credit (under 600) will pay over $300.
2. Applying For Your License
2-1. Complete the Dealer Education Program.
In order to move forward with the application, you will need to register for and complete the Dealer Education Program and obtain a certificate of completion. This program is available at a number of locations around the state.
2-2. Pass the Used Dealer Test.
Once you have completed the education program, you can visit your local DMV to take the Used Dealer Test. This test will assess what you have learned in the Dealer Education Program. You will be required to pay a $16 fee each time you take the test. You will have to pass the test to complete your dealer application.
2-3. Fill out the required forms and applications.
There are a number of forms required on the wholesale dealer application checklist. Go back to the checklist and either click on the provided links or search for the forms by number on the CA DMV's website. Make sure to fill out each application completely and accurately to the best of your knowledge.
2-4. Attach the necessary documents.
Attach all documents requested by the checklist to your completed application forms. In some cases, these are requested to be in a specific order by the checklist, so make sure to check the order of your documents in these cases. Documents required will generally be proof of your business operations and location.
2-5. Check over your application for completeness.
This is a complicated application, with many required forms, so give your complete application a solid re-read to make sure all parts are present and complete. If your application is incorrect, you will have to pay the application fee again to re-apply.
2-6. Submit your application and fee.
When you have your complete application, bring it to the closest DMV Occupational Licensing Inspections Office. The locations of these offices are available on the CA DMV's website. Hand in your documents are pay your application fees. You will be notified if your application has been accepted or rejected.
There is a non-refundable application fee of $176.
3. Operating Your Business
3-1. Buy vehicles to sell.
Wholesale dealers are able to buy vehicles from a number of sources. Visit wholesale auctions in California or surrounding states to buy larger quantities of cars. Communicate with new and used car dealerships to make bids for unwanted vehicles on their lot. You can also buy vehicles from other wholesale dealers. Search for good deals and jump on them when you see one.
3-2. Create an online presence for your business.
These days, all business must operate online as well as they do in person. This means creating a reputable-looking and functional website that displays your inventory and makes it easy to contact you. This website should act as an extension of your physical location. In addition, you can search for cars to buy on other wholesaler or auction websites.
3-3. Make deals with buyers.
The most important part of being a wholesale dealer is building and maintaining relationships with dealers that buy from you. You want to become known as a fair negotiator who consistently provides accurate representations of vehicle quality. Even if you don't make a lot of money on some sales, that's better than losing your reputation and not being able to make sales at all. Some wholesalers also factor the transportation cost into the price of their cars, which simplifies the buying process for your customers.
3-4. Consider modifying your license.
Many wholesale dealer eventually turn to retail car sales because there can be more money in it. Retail dealers also have wholesale privileges, so if you modify you license to retail, you can simply expand your business rather than change it. Your dealer license can be modified for a fee of $70.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:06",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Meeting the Requirements\\n1-1. Read the DMV's application checklist.\\nThe DMV provides a handy, editable checklist PDF that you can work through to complete your whole dealer application. It lays out each document you will need to complete and submit before being eligible to receive your dealer license. \\nIf it any point you don't understand part of the application, follow the checklist's included links or see the DMV's application guide (OL 248).\\n1-2. Make sure you have a valid California drivers license.\\nThe checklist does not specify that you must have a California drivers license, but you need to have an in-state drivers license to be a legally-licensed dealer. You may see online opportunities to get licensed as a dealer out of state, but these are usually scams. In any case, make sure your California drivers license is up-to-date.\\n1-3. Lease or purchase a business location.\\nIn order to become a wholesale dealer, you will need a location for conducting business. However, you do not need a car lot or storefront. You need somewhere to store your vehicles and a business location, but it doesn't matter if they are the same place. You cannot use your home as your business location. Once you have a business location, make sure you have the following ready for later:\\nA lease contract, rental agreement, or deed to your business location.\\nA photograph of your business location as defined in the dealer application guide (OL 248).\\nYour place of business will be inspected during the application process. Make sure it meets all additional requirements, as outlined on under \\\"place of business inspection\\\".\\n1-4. Come up with a name for your business.\\nWhen licensing and creating your business, come you must up with a name to use. Think of something that explains what you do, like \\\"Johnson Wholesale Auto Traders\\\" or something similar. This will make it clear to prospective customers that you are what they are looking for. Your business name will be filed using a Fictitious Name Statement, which you will need to file with your state prior to applying for your dealer license.\\n1-5. Obtain a resale permit.\\nApply with your local Board of Equalization office to get an Equalization Resale permit, which allows you to collect taxes. The application is free, but you may have to pay a deposit, depending on you business's individual situation. You must maintain this permit to obtain and keep your wholesale dealer license.\\n1-6. Get a business license.\\nYou will need a city and/or a county business license to establish your wholesale dealer business. Check with your local city or country chamber of commerce to apply for a business license. Either a copy of this license or a letter specifying that your county does not issue business licenses is required to obtain your wholesale dealer license.\\n1-7. Obtain a surety bond.\\nA surety bond is a guarantee that the dealer will adhere to state and local regulations and laws when dealing with sellers and customers. The bond pays out damages to harmed parties in the event that the dealer commits fraud. For a wholesale dealer, the value of this bond is required to be $10,000. However, you will only pay a percentage of this value that will be based on your credit history. Visit a surety bond agency to get a quote for your bond.\\nDealers with good credit (over 680), will pay about $100.\\nDealers with medium credit (600-680) can expect to pay between $100 and $500.\\nDealers with bad credit (under 600) will pay over $300.\\n2. Applying For Your License\\n2-1. Complete the Dealer Education Program.\\nIn order to move forward with the application, you will need to register for and complete the Dealer Education Program and obtain a certificate of completion. This program is available at a number of locations around the state.\\n2-2. Pass the Used Dealer Test.\\nOnce you have completed the education program, you can visit your local DMV to take the Used Dealer Test. This test will assess what you have learned in the Dealer Education Program. You will be required to pay a $16 fee each time you take the test. You will have to pass the test to complete your dealer application.\\n2-3. Fill out the required forms and applications.\\nThere are a number of forms required on the wholesale dealer application checklist. Go back to the checklist and either click on the provided links or search for the forms by number on the CA DMV's website. Make sure to fill out each application completely and accurately to the best of your knowledge.\\n2-4. Attach the necessary documents.\\nAttach all documents requested by the checklist to your completed application forms. In some cases, these are requested to be in a specific order by the checklist, so make sure to check the order of your documents in these cases. Documents required will generally be proof of your business operations and location.\\n2-5. Check over your application for completeness.\\nThis is a complicated application, with many required forms, so give your complete application a solid re-read to make sure all parts are present and complete. If your application is incorrect, you will have to pay the application fee again to re-apply.\\n2-6. Submit your application and fee.\\nWhen you have your complete application, bring it to the closest DMV Occupational Licensing Inspections Office. The locations of these offices are available on the CA DMV's website. Hand in your documents are pay your application fees. You will be notified if your application has been accepted or rejected.\\nThere is a non-refundable application fee of $176.\\n3. Operating Your Business\\n3-1. Buy vehicles to sell.\\nWholesale dealers are able to buy vehicles from a number of sources. Visit wholesale auctions in California or surrounding states to buy larger quantities of cars. Communicate with new and used car dealerships to make bids for unwanted vehicles on their lot. You can also buy vehicles from other wholesale dealers. Search for good deals and jump on them when you see one.\\n3-2. Create an online presence for your business.\\nThese days, all business must operate online as well as they do in person. This means creating a reputable-looking and functional website that displays your inventory and makes it easy to contact you. This website should act as an extension of your physical location. In addition, you can search for cars to buy on other wholesaler or auction websites.\\n3-3. Make deals with buyers.\\nThe most important part of being a wholesale dealer is building and maintaining relationships with dealers that buy from you. You want to become known as a fair negotiator who consistently provides accurate representations of vehicle quality. Even if you don't make a lot of money on some sales, that's better than losing your reputation and not being able to make sales at all. Some wholesalers also factor the transportation cost into the price of their cars, which simplifies the buying process for your customers.\\n3-4. Consider modifying your license.\\nMany wholesale dealer eventually turn to retail car sales because there can be more money in it. Retail dealers also have wholesale privileges, so if you modify you license to retail, you can simply expand your business rather than change it. Your dealer license can be modified for a fee of $70.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Wholesale car dealers operate by buying cars and then selling them to other dealers or at wholesale auction. This means that they do not make sales to the general public. Like in other states, obtaining the certification to become a wholesale dealer in California is not difficult if you follow the required steps with the Department of Motor Vehicles. Whether you are hoping to operate a successful wholesale business or are just getting in to switch to retail at a later date, use the steps below to become a wholesale car dealer in California.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Read the DMV's application checklist.\", \"描述\": \"The DMV provides a handy, editable checklist PDF that you can work through to complete your whole dealer application. It lays out each document you will need to complete and submit before being eligible to receive your dealer license. \\nIf it any point you don't understand part of the application, follow the checklist's included links or see the DMV's application guide (OL 248).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make sure you have a valid California drivers license.\", \"描述\": \"The checklist does not specify that you must have a California drivers license, but you need to have an in-state drivers license to be a legally-licensed dealer. You may see online opportunities to get licensed as a dealer out of state, but these are usually scams. In any case, make sure your California drivers license is up-to-date.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Lease or purchase a business location.\", \"描述\": \"In order to become a wholesale dealer, you will need a location for conducting business. However, you do not need a car lot or storefront. You need somewhere to store your vehicles and a business location, but it doesn't matter if they are the same place. You cannot use your home as your business location. Once you have a business location, make sure you have the following ready for later:\\nA lease contract, rental agreement, or deed to your business location.\\nA photograph of your business location as defined in the dealer application guide (OL 248).\\nYour place of business will be inspected during the application process. Make sure it meets all additional requirements, as outlined on under \\\"place of business inspection\\\".\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Come up with a name for your business.\", \"描述\": \"When licensing and creating your business, come you must up with a name to use. Think of something that explains what you do, like \\\"Johnson Wholesale Auto Traders\\\" or something similar. This will make it clear to prospective customers that you are what they are looking for. Your business name will be filed using a Fictitious Name Statement, which you will need to file with your state prior to applying for your dealer license.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Obtain a resale permit.\", \"描述\": \"Apply with your local Board of Equalization office to get an Equalization Resale permit, which allows you to collect taxes. The application is free, but you may have to pay a deposit, depending on you business's individual situation. You must maintain this permit to obtain and keep your wholesale dealer license.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Get a business license.\", \"描述\": \"You will need a city and/or a county business license to establish your wholesale dealer business. Check with your local city or country chamber of commerce to apply for a business license. Either a copy of this license or a letter specifying that your county does not issue business licenses is required to obtain your wholesale dealer license.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Obtain a surety bond.\", \"描述\": \"A surety bond is a guarantee that the dealer will adhere to state and local regulations and laws when dealing with sellers and customers. The bond pays out damages to harmed parties in the event that the dealer commits fraud. For a wholesale dealer, the value of this bond is required to be $10,000. However, you will only pay a percentage of this value that will be based on your credit history. Visit a surety bond agency to get a quote for your bond.\\nDealers with good credit (over 680), will pay about $100.\\nDealers with medium credit (600-680) can expect to pay between $100 and $500.\\nDealers with bad credit (under 600) will pay over $300.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Applying For Your License\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete the Dealer Education Program.\", \"描述\": \"In order to move forward with the application, you will need to register for and complete the Dealer Education Program and obtain a certificate of completion. This program is available at a number of locations around the state.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pass the Used Dealer Test.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have completed the education program, you can visit your local DMV to take the Used Dealer Test. This test will assess what you have learned in the Dealer Education Program. You will be required to pay a $16 fee each time you take the test. You will have to pass the test to complete your dealer application.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Fill out the required forms and applications.\", \"描述\": \"There are a number of forms required on the wholesale dealer application checklist. Go back to the checklist and either click on the provided links or search for the forms by number on the CA DMV's website. Make sure to fill out each application completely and accurately to the best of your knowledge.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Attach the necessary documents.\", \"描述\": \"Attach all documents requested by the checklist to your completed application forms. In some cases, these are requested to be in a specific order by the checklist, so make sure to check the order of your documents in these cases. Documents required will generally be proof of your business operations and location.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Check over your application for completeness.\", \"描述\": \"This is a complicated application, with many required forms, so give your complete application a solid re-read to make sure all parts are present and complete. If your application is incorrect, you will have to pay the application fee again to re-apply.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Submit your application and fee.\", \"描述\": \"When you have your complete application, bring it to the closest DMV Occupational Licensing Inspections Office. The locations of these offices are available on the CA DMV's website. Hand in your documents are pay your application fees. You will be notified if your application has been accepted or rejected.\\nThere is a non-refundable application fee of $176.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Operating Your Business\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Buy vehicles to sell.\", \"描述\": \"Wholesale dealers are able to buy vehicles from a number of sources. Visit wholesale auctions in California or surrounding states to buy larger quantities of cars. Communicate with new and used car dealerships to make bids for unwanted vehicles on their lot. You can also buy vehicles from other wholesale dealers. Search for good deals and jump on them when you see one.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Create an online presence for your business.\", \"描述\": \"These days, all business must operate online as well as they do in person. This means creating a reputable-looking and functional website that displays your inventory and makes it easy to contact you. This website should act as an extension of your physical location. In addition, you can search for cars to buy on other wholesaler or auction websites.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make deals with buyers.\", \"描述\": \"The most important part of being a wholesale dealer is building and maintaining relationships with dealers that buy from you. You want to become known as a fair negotiator who consistently provides accurate representations of vehicle quality. Even if you don't make a lot of money on some sales, that's better than losing your reputation and not being able to make sales at all. Some wholesalers also factor the transportation cost into the price of their cars, which simplifies the buying process for your customers.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider modifying your license.\", \"描述\": \"Many wholesale dealer eventually turn to retail car sales because there can be more money in it. Retail dealers also have wholesale privileges, so if you modify you license to retail, you can simply expand your business rather than change it. Your dealer license can be modified for a fee of $70.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,886 |
How to Become a Wiccan
|
1. Background
1-1. Learn what Wiccan beliefs are.
Wicca is based on a belief of the Goddess at the center of all life and creation. Some versions of Wicca weigh goddesses and gods equally, as there is a general sense in Wicca to believe in duality or balance in the universe. There are no holy books or prophets or intermediaries. All who practice Wicca have direct access to the Goddess or the Divine, and the Divine lives in each person.
The Wiccan Rede, or creed, is the central tenet that most Wiccans follow, which is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” This creed values the harmony with which one should live their life, and as long as your actions do not hurt others or infringe upon their ability to live their lives, then proceed as you will. The threefold rule is also central to Wiccan beliefs, which is the idea that whatever you do will come back to you threefold. This can happen in a positive or negative way.
Wiccans take responsibility for their own actions. This is the belief that you have sole responsibility for your words and actions. You alone determine how you act and react to outside forces, and making amends to those who you have treated poorly is the best approach to taking responsibility.
Harmony with nature is a key aspect, as is the sacredness of all life. Wiccans recognize that people live in partnership with the earth and rely on the earth’s bounty to survive. Nature and life occur in a cycle, and people are very much part of that. Related to this is the belief in reincarnation in some form. Things in nature keep returning, whether it is sea water that returns as clouds or clouds that return as rain, and so on. This also influences how Wiccans perceive death; death is also a part of the cycle of nature.
There are many different forms of Wicca. According to Circle Sanctuary, “Hereditary, Shamanic, Gardnerian, Alexandrian, Celtic, Traditionalist, Dianic, Faerie, and Eclectic are just some of the variety of Wiccan traditions or paths.” These each have specific beliefs and rituals.
1-2. Learn how Wiccans perform rituals and ceremonies.
Wiccans prefer to perform rituals and celebrate outdoors where the connection to nature is closer. Many rituals and celebrations revolve around the cycles of the moon, such as the full moon and new moon, as well as the changing of the seasons. There can be, however, complications related to weather and safety, which means that Wiccans must often perform rituals inside. Some rituals are performed as a gathering of Wiccans in a circle surrounded by candles. There may be an altar at the candle placed at the north end of the circle. This circle creates a space for healing energy and Wiccans gather within the circle. During this circle gathering, there may be healing, divination, discussion or other nature-based activities. Many ceremonies and rituals also include eating food and drinking wine or juice before the circle is dissolved and the ritual ends.
1-3. Learn what Wicca is not.
Wicca is not anti-Christian, nor is it against any other religion. It is sometimes known as pre-Christian since many of its beliefs are rooted in pagan practices of honoring the earth, honoring life and creation, and honoring the Goddess. You also don’t need to dress or look a certain way or act a certain way to be a Wiccan. Wiccan followers may be people from all walks of life, and there is no official look or behavior that absolutely defines all Wiccans.
1-4. Understand the ethics behind Wicca.
This religion does not use magic to curse people or cast hurtful spells. As a Wiccan, you need to be responsible for your relationship to and use of magick. You live by a creed, or the Wiccan Rede, which is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” If you live positively and in harmony with the earth, then you will be a successful Wiccan.
1-5. Read books and other resources to more fully understand Wicca.
The best introduction to self-studying Wicca is to read and research about the religion. Some of the most influential books about Wicca include: “The Heart of Wicca” by Ellen Cannon Reed, “Wicca for a Solitary Practitioner,” by Scott Cunningham, and other titles. There are introductory and advanced texts about Wicca that will give you a solid understanding of the religion.
2. Practices
2-1. Choose your deities and build relationships with them.
Wicca is polytheistic, meaning that its followers believe in multiple goddesses and gods. These goddesses and gods are not set apart from nature, nor do they possess superhuman powers. Rather, they are embodied in nature. These deities are derived from a variety of sources, including Roman, Norse, Hindu and Celtic roots. There are over 200 gods and goddesses that Wiccans might follow, but you won’t just randomly choose one to be your matron or patron deity. One of these deities will become your matron or patron deity. While you certainly have a say in which god or goddess you follow, it will also present itself to you, so be open to learning about a lot of deities. Be sure to research the deities thoroughly so you know which ones might have characteristics, not to your liking.
2-2. Keep track of your journey in a journal or diary.
As you study and learn more about Wicca, you will begin to find associations and preferences within yourself. Writing down these observations will help you make connections and realizations about yourself. This journal will evolve into your Book of Shadows, a journal that you will keep when you become a Wiccan.
2-3. Learn what magick is and how to use it.
Magick within the Wiccan religion is the practice of raising and channeling energy for a purpose. Magick for Wiccans is spelled with a “k” at the end of the word to distinguish it from stage tricks. Most Wiccans believe that magick is a personal manifestation of energy that comes from within. It is not sorcery; rather, it is spiritual and can turn your dreams into reality through spell-casting. You will need to learn how to make magick safe and protected by considering possible consequences of certain requests or spells and understanding the ramifications of using magick to obtain certain things.
Practice meditation and visualization exercises to enhance concentration for using magick. Make a quiet space for yourself where you can meditate without interruption.
2-4. Learn and practice the threefold law.
In Wicca, the threefold law is the principle that whatever you do, it will be returned to you three times over. No matter if you do something good or bad, your actions will reverberate back to you. Following the threefold law and understanding that vengeful or vindictive actions will negatively affect you. Use the threefold principle to be aware and appreciative of your blessings.
2-5. Connect with other Wiccans.
You can find them online in discussion groups and other forums, or you might find them in your local community. It’s likely that you will be able to find Wiccans more easily in a larger city, but that does not mean that smaller communities do not have their fair share of Wiccans. Depending on the perceived tolerance of your community, Wiccans might not be very publicly vocal about their beliefs. Talk with Wiccans about what they believe, how they practice, how they got started, and so on. These conversations will give you greater understanding of the entire faith, and they will help you develop a supportive community.
2-6. Have a self-dedication ceremony.
This ceremony will formalize your personal relationship with Wicca and share your devotion to your deities. There are a number of simple and complex ceremonies that you can use; many suggestions can be found online. One such ceremony is as follows:
Collect symbols that signify a balance of nature. These objects will represent fire, water, air, and earth. It is fine to use objects that are readily available, such as a candle for fire, a glass of water for water, and so on. In a circle around you, place the water in the west, earth in the north, the air in the east and fire in the south.
Walk or swing your arm around in a clockwise manner three times. Close the circle by reciting, “Thrice I cast this circle ’round, sacred is this holy ground.” This creates a space between you and the physical world in which to make your dedication.
Make a statement about why you want to follow Wicca. Attest that you will follow the Rede (“If You Harm None, Do What You Will.”). Open the circle back up by walking or waving your arm three times counterclockwise.
2-7. Join a coven after a year and a day of study.
Most covens and other formal gatherings require that you have studied Wicca for a year and a day before you are considered knowledgeable or serious enough to join the group. Find a coven in your local community if one exists, and introduce yourself to the group. Some covens have closed membership and do not accept new members. Others are more open and welcome new members.
It is not necessary to join a coven to practice Wicca. Like any religion, Wicca can be an individual activity or it can be practiced in a group setting. You may not have an adequate community in your local area, or perhaps you have tried to be in a group setting and it hasn’t worked out. Practicing as a solitary Wiccan can be lonely, but it can also be liberating. You can remain as true to yourself as you allow yourself to be. A circle is a loose gathering of people who might only meet periodically, but they gain support from each other. A coven is a more formal gathering of people, and they are often closed to outsiders. They demand trust and respect, but can often be subject to personality clashes or egos.
2-8. Take an oath of secrecy.
One of the earliest actions that Wiccans should do is take an oath of secrecy. This covers three areas: protection of identity, protection of rituals, and protection of the mysteries of the craft. Wiccans should not assume that other Wiccans have announced publicly that they follow the religion; many remain secretive because of potential discrimination and harassment, or for other personal reasons. Wiccans should keep rituals secret and protected in order to maintain trust and ensure that people can be vulnerable within a trusted group and space. Protecting the mysteries of the craft respects the complexities and fragilities of Wicca as a religious practice. Respecting the mysteries and inexplicable occurrences will help sustain Wicca as a practice and reserve its magical qualities for those who actively practice it.
3. Daily Life
3-1. Follow the Wiccan Rede.
The Rede, creed or approach, as you know it is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” This idea emphasizes freedom to act as you see fit so long as your actions do not harm others. Tied to the Rede is the threefold law, or the idea that whatever you do will come back to you threefold. These principles emphasize positivity and harmony.
3-2. Spend some time every day in meditation or devotion.
Bring Wiccan beliefs into your daily life by reflecting on your religious path regularly. Wicca upholds strong beliefs in creative freedom, connection to the physical, spiritual self-empowerment, the divine feminine, family bonding, and a connection to nature. These ideals can be celebrated and integrated into everyday life through meditation, increased time with family, and engaging with the environment. Many everyday Wicca practices just take a few minutes, such as breathing and centering exercises, meditating for 10-15 minutes, or giving thanks for a meal. You might also perform a brief ritual of devotion to one of your deities, speaking to them about problems you’re having or giving thanks for blessings in your life. Other practices that can take more time might be: building an altar to one of your deities; creating art or writing that reflects your religious beliefs; or taking a long walk or hike in a natural setting.
3-3. Celebrate Wiccan holidays.
There are 8 holidays, or Sabbats, that are typically celebrated by Wiccans throughout the year, with the Wiccan new year being celebrated on October 31. These holidays can be celebrated in a number of ways, but they tend to include some acknowledgement and celebration of nature and family or community. Esbats are the celebrations based on a lunar cycle. Some Wiccans celebrate waning, waxing and full moon but there are some that celebrate only full moons. The Sabbats include:
Samhain (end of summer, around October 31)
Yule (winter solstice, around December 20-23)
Imbolc (February 1)
Ostara (spring equinox, around March 21)
Beltane (April 30-May 1)
Litha (summer solstice, around June 21)
Lughnasadh (July 31-August 1, first day of harvest season)
Mabon (autumn equinox, around September 21)
3-4. Develop your Book of Shadows.
A Book of Shadows is an integral part of being a Wiccan and is a record of your practice as a Wiccan. This book can follow a number of templates and no two books are the same. They are deeply personal and a person can tailor their book to their own experiences. Most books have certain elements, such as a page with the Wiccan Rede; a list or description of the deities you follow; spells and incantations; rituals; mythology; and other elements.
3-5. Grow your Wicca community.
As you practice more and grow more comfortable with how Wicca fits into your life, you can become part of a wider Wiccan community. This does not, however, mean that you should try to recruit other people to become Wiccans. This religion frowns upon proselytizing, or trying to convert people. But you can be a leader in your Wicca community, offering guidance and mentorship to new members.
Tips
Wicca is not just for women, despite its emphasis on the feminine. Plenty of men are Wiccans as well. As Wicca primarily relies on a sense of balance, it makes sense to have both women and men be part of the religion.[26]
X
Research source
Learning and adapting to a new religion is not an overnight decision and it takes time to fully understand beliefs and practices. Many Wiccans have taken much longer – four or five years – before fully becoming Wiccan, and even then, some feel that this timeline is short. There is no deadline or time frame for becoming Wiccan, so go at your own pace.
Warnings
If you are thinking of becoming a Wiccan, you must be careful with what you say. You do not want to start false rumours about the religion because you believed misinformation. Before becoming Wiccan, you MUST find a reliable information source. Try other Wiccans or Wiccan websites.
Wiccans often face discrimination and harassment, often based on the misplaced assumption that Wiccans worship Satan and that Wicca is anti-Christian. Many Wiccans choose to keep their faith preference private because of discrimination and harassment. Many people are put off by Wicca, mostly because of a failure to understand what it actually is. Be ready to talk with family and friends about your choice to become Wiccan. You may decide to keep your faith private from some people, particularly those who you think will be less accepting of your decision.
NEVER threaten to curse people just because you're Wiccan. This will make them distrust other Wiccans and could turn people against you for misusing your religious title.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:06",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Background\\n1-1. Learn what Wiccan beliefs are.\\nWicca is based on a belief of the Goddess at the center of all life and creation. Some versions of Wicca weigh goddesses and gods equally, as there is a general sense in Wicca to believe in duality or balance in the universe. There are no holy books or prophets or intermediaries. All who practice Wicca have direct access to the Goddess or the Divine, and the Divine lives in each person.\\nThe Wiccan Rede, or creed, is the central tenet that most Wiccans follow, which is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” This creed values the harmony with which one should live their life, and as long as your actions do not hurt others or infringe upon their ability to live their lives, then proceed as you will. The threefold rule is also central to Wiccan beliefs, which is the idea that whatever you do will come back to you threefold. This can happen in a positive or negative way.\\nWiccans take responsibility for their own actions. This is the belief that you have sole responsibility for your words and actions. You alone determine how you act and react to outside forces, and making amends to those who you have treated poorly is the best approach to taking responsibility.\\nHarmony with nature is a key aspect, as is the sacredness of all life. Wiccans recognize that people live in partnership with the earth and rely on the earth’s bounty to survive. Nature and life occur in a cycle, and people are very much part of that. Related to this is the belief in reincarnation in some form. Things in nature keep returning, whether it is sea water that returns as clouds or clouds that return as rain, and so on. This also influences how Wiccans perceive death; death is also a part of the cycle of nature.\\nThere are many different forms of Wicca. According to Circle Sanctuary, “Hereditary, Shamanic, Gardnerian, Alexandrian, Celtic, Traditionalist, Dianic, Faerie, and Eclectic are just some of the variety of Wiccan traditions or paths.” These each have specific beliefs and rituals.\\n1-2. Learn how Wiccans perform rituals and ceremonies.\\nWiccans prefer to perform rituals and celebrate outdoors where the connection to nature is closer. Many rituals and celebrations revolve around the cycles of the moon, such as the full moon and new moon, as well as the changing of the seasons. There can be, however, complications related to weather and safety, which means that Wiccans must often perform rituals inside. Some rituals are performed as a gathering of Wiccans in a circle surrounded by candles. There may be an altar at the candle placed at the north end of the circle. This circle creates a space for healing energy and Wiccans gather within the circle. During this circle gathering, there may be healing, divination, discussion or other nature-based activities. Many ceremonies and rituals also include eating food and drinking wine or juice before the circle is dissolved and the ritual ends.\\n1-3. Learn what Wicca is not.\\nWicca is not anti-Christian, nor is it against any other religion. It is sometimes known as pre-Christian since many of its beliefs are rooted in pagan practices of honoring the earth, honoring life and creation, and honoring the Goddess. You also don’t need to dress or look a certain way or act a certain way to be a Wiccan. Wiccan followers may be people from all walks of life, and there is no official look or behavior that absolutely defines all Wiccans.\\n1-4. Understand the ethics behind Wicca.\\nThis religion does not use magic to curse people or cast hurtful spells. As a Wiccan, you need to be responsible for your relationship to and use of magick. You live by a creed, or the Wiccan Rede, which is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” If you live positively and in harmony with the earth, then you will be a successful Wiccan.\\n1-5. Read books and other resources to more fully understand Wicca.\\nThe best introduction to self-studying Wicca is to read and research about the religion. Some of the most influential books about Wicca include: “The Heart of Wicca” by Ellen Cannon Reed, “Wicca for a Solitary Practitioner,” by Scott Cunningham, and other titles. There are introductory and advanced texts about Wicca that will give you a solid understanding of the religion.\\n2. Practices\\n2-1. Choose your deities and build relationships with them.\\nWicca is polytheistic, meaning that its followers believe in multiple goddesses and gods. These goddesses and gods are not set apart from nature, nor do they possess superhuman powers. Rather, they are embodied in nature. These deities are derived from a variety of sources, including Roman, Norse, Hindu and Celtic roots. There are over 200 gods and goddesses that Wiccans might follow, but you won’t just randomly choose one to be your matron or patron deity. One of these deities will become your matron or patron deity. While you certainly have a say in which god or goddess you follow, it will also present itself to you, so be open to learning about a lot of deities. Be sure to research the deities thoroughly so you know which ones might have characteristics, not to your liking.\\n2-2. Keep track of your journey in a journal or diary.\\nAs you study and learn more about Wicca, you will begin to find associations and preferences within yourself. Writing down these observations will help you make connections and realizations about yourself. This journal will evolve into your Book of Shadows, a journal that you will keep when you become a Wiccan.\\n2-3. Learn what magick is and how to use it.\\nMagick within the Wiccan religion is the practice of raising and channeling energy for a purpose. Magick for Wiccans is spelled with a “k” at the end of the word to distinguish it from stage tricks. Most Wiccans believe that magick is a personal manifestation of energy that comes from within. It is not sorcery; rather, it is spiritual and can turn your dreams into reality through spell-casting. You will need to learn how to make magick safe and protected by considering possible consequences of certain requests or spells and understanding the ramifications of using magick to obtain certain things.\\nPractice meditation and visualization exercises to enhance concentration for using magick. Make a quiet space for yourself where you can meditate without interruption.\\n2-4. Learn and practice the threefold law.\\nIn Wicca, the threefold law is the principle that whatever you do, it will be returned to you three times over. No matter if you do something good or bad, your actions will reverberate back to you. Following the threefold law and understanding that vengeful or vindictive actions will negatively affect you. Use the threefold principle to be aware and appreciative of your blessings.\\n2-5. Connect with other Wiccans.\\nYou can find them online in discussion groups and other forums, or you might find them in your local community. It’s likely that you will be able to find Wiccans more easily in a larger city, but that does not mean that smaller communities do not have their fair share of Wiccans. Depending on the perceived tolerance of your community, Wiccans might not be very publicly vocal about their beliefs. Talk with Wiccans about what they believe, how they practice, how they got started, and so on. These conversations will give you greater understanding of the entire faith, and they will help you develop a supportive community.\\n2-6. Have a self-dedication ceremony.\\nThis ceremony will formalize your personal relationship with Wicca and share your devotion to your deities. There are a number of simple and complex ceremonies that you can use; many suggestions can be found online. One such ceremony is as follows:\\nCollect symbols that signify a balance of nature. These objects will represent fire, water, air, and earth. It is fine to use objects that are readily available, such as a candle for fire, a glass of water for water, and so on. In a circle around you, place the water in the west, earth in the north, the air in the east and fire in the south.\\nWalk or swing your arm around in a clockwise manner three times. Close the circle by reciting, “Thrice I cast this circle ’round, sacred is this holy ground.” This creates a space between you and the physical world in which to make your dedication.\\nMake a statement about why you want to follow Wicca. Attest that you will follow the Rede (“If You Harm None, Do What You Will.”). Open the circle back up by walking or waving your arm three times counterclockwise.\\n2-7. Join a coven after a year and a day of study.\\nMost covens and other formal gatherings require that you have studied Wicca for a year and a day before you are considered knowledgeable or serious enough to join the group. Find a coven in your local community if one exists, and introduce yourself to the group. Some covens have closed membership and do not accept new members. Others are more open and welcome new members.\\nIt is not necessary to join a coven to practice Wicca. Like any religion, Wicca can be an individual activity or it can be practiced in a group setting. You may not have an adequate community in your local area, or perhaps you have tried to be in a group setting and it hasn’t worked out. Practicing as a solitary Wiccan can be lonely, but it can also be liberating. You can remain as true to yourself as you allow yourself to be. A circle is a loose gathering of people who might only meet periodically, but they gain support from each other. A coven is a more formal gathering of people, and they are often closed to outsiders. They demand trust and respect, but can often be subject to personality clashes or egos.\\n2-8. Take an oath of secrecy.\\nOne of the earliest actions that Wiccans should do is take an oath of secrecy. This covers three areas: protection of identity, protection of rituals, and protection of the mysteries of the craft. Wiccans should not assume that other Wiccans have announced publicly that they follow the religion; many remain secretive because of potential discrimination and harassment, or for other personal reasons. Wiccans should keep rituals secret and protected in order to maintain trust and ensure that people can be vulnerable within a trusted group and space. Protecting the mysteries of the craft respects the complexities and fragilities of Wicca as a religious practice. Respecting the mysteries and inexplicable occurrences will help sustain Wicca as a practice and reserve its magical qualities for those who actively practice it.\\n3. Daily Life\\n3-1. Follow the Wiccan Rede.\\nThe Rede, creed or approach, as you know it is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” This idea emphasizes freedom to act as you see fit so long as your actions do not harm others. Tied to the Rede is the threefold law, or the idea that whatever you do will come back to you threefold. These principles emphasize positivity and harmony.\\n3-2. Spend some time every day in meditation or devotion.\\nBring Wiccan beliefs into your daily life by reflecting on your religious path regularly. Wicca upholds strong beliefs in creative freedom, connection to the physical, spiritual self-empowerment, the divine feminine, family bonding, and a connection to nature. These ideals can be celebrated and integrated into everyday life through meditation, increased time with family, and engaging with the environment. Many everyday Wicca practices just take a few minutes, such as breathing and centering exercises, meditating for 10-15 minutes, or giving thanks for a meal. You might also perform a brief ritual of devotion to one of your deities, speaking to them about problems you’re having or giving thanks for blessings in your life. Other practices that can take more time might be: building an altar to one of your deities; creating art or writing that reflects your religious beliefs; or taking a long walk or hike in a natural setting.\\n3-3. Celebrate Wiccan holidays.\\nThere are 8 holidays, or Sabbats, that are typically celebrated by Wiccans throughout the year, with the Wiccan new year being celebrated on October 31. These holidays can be celebrated in a number of ways, but they tend to include some acknowledgement and celebration of nature and family or community. Esbats are the celebrations based on a lunar cycle. Some Wiccans celebrate waning, waxing and full moon but there are some that celebrate only full moons. The Sabbats include:\\nSamhain (end of summer, around October 31)\\nYule (winter solstice, around December 20-23)\\nImbolc (February 1)\\nOstara (spring equinox, around March 21)\\nBeltane (April 30-May 1)\\nLitha (summer solstice, around June 21)\\nLughnasadh (July 31-August 1, first day of harvest season)\\nMabon (autumn equinox, around September 21)\\n3-4. Develop your Book of Shadows.\\nA Book of Shadows is an integral part of being a Wiccan and is a record of your practice as a Wiccan. This book can follow a number of templates and no two books are the same. They are deeply personal and a person can tailor their book to their own experiences. Most books have certain elements, such as a page with the Wiccan Rede; a list or description of the deities you follow; spells and incantations; rituals; mythology; and other elements.\\n3-5. Grow your Wicca community.\\nAs you practice more and grow more comfortable with how Wicca fits into your life, you can become part of a wider Wiccan community. This does not, however, mean that you should try to recruit other people to become Wiccans. This religion frowns upon proselytizing, or trying to convert people. But you can be a leader in your Wicca community, offering guidance and mentorship to new members.\\nTips\\nWicca is not just for women, despite its emphasis on the feminine. Plenty of men are Wiccans as well. As Wicca primarily relies on a sense of balance, it makes sense to have both women and men be part of the religion.[26]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nLearning and adapting to a new religion is not an overnight decision and it takes time to fully understand beliefs and practices. Many Wiccans have taken much longer – four or five years – before fully becoming Wiccan, and even then, some feel that this timeline is short. There is no deadline or time frame for becoming Wiccan, so go at your own pace.\\nWarnings\\nIf you are thinking of becoming a Wiccan, you must be careful with what you say. You do not want to start false rumours about the religion because you believed misinformation. Before becoming Wiccan, you MUST find a reliable information source. Try other Wiccans or Wiccan websites.\\nWiccans often face discrimination and harassment, often based on the misplaced assumption that Wiccans worship Satan and that Wicca is anti-Christian. Many Wiccans choose to keep their faith preference private because of discrimination and harassment. Many people are put off by Wicca, mostly because of a failure to understand what it actually is. Be ready to talk with family and friends about your choice to become Wiccan. You may decide to keep your faith private from some people, particularly those who you think will be less accepting of your decision.\\nNEVER threaten to curse people just because you're Wiccan. This will make them distrust other Wiccans and could turn people against you for misusing your religious title.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Also known as “The Old Religion” and “The Craft,” Wicca is a religion with its own practices, tenets, and beliefs rooted in pagan traditions. Just as in any religion, there are a variety of paths and types of Wicca, and people practice it according to their own beliefs and lifestyles. It can be a lengthy process to become a Wiccan, demanding study, concentration, and focus, but it can be a gratifying and satisfying belief system to follow.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Background\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn what Wiccan beliefs are.\", \"描述\": \"Wicca is based on a belief of the Goddess at the center of all life and creation. Some versions of Wicca weigh goddesses and gods equally, as there is a general sense in Wicca to believe in duality or balance in the universe. There are no holy books or prophets or intermediaries. All who practice Wicca have direct access to the Goddess or the Divine, and the Divine lives in each person.\\nThe Wiccan Rede, or creed, is the central tenet that most Wiccans follow, which is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” This creed values the harmony with which one should live their life, and as long as your actions do not hurt others or infringe upon their ability to live their lives, then proceed as you will. The threefold rule is also central to Wiccan beliefs, which is the idea that whatever you do will come back to you threefold. This can happen in a positive or negative way.\\nWiccans take responsibility for their own actions. This is the belief that you have sole responsibility for your words and actions. You alone determine how you act and react to outside forces, and making amends to those who you have treated poorly is the best approach to taking responsibility.\\nHarmony with nature is a key aspect, as is the sacredness of all life. Wiccans recognize that people live in partnership with the earth and rely on the earth’s bounty to survive. Nature and life occur in a cycle, and people are very much part of that. Related to this is the belief in reincarnation in some form. Things in nature keep returning, whether it is sea water that returns as clouds or clouds that return as rain, and so on. This also influences how Wiccans perceive death; death is also a part of the cycle of nature.\\nThere are many different forms of Wicca. According to Circle Sanctuary, “Hereditary, Shamanic, Gardnerian, Alexandrian, Celtic, Traditionalist, Dianic, Faerie, and Eclectic are just some of the variety of Wiccan traditions or paths.” These each have specific beliefs and rituals.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn how Wiccans perform rituals and ceremonies.\", \"描述\": \"Wiccans prefer to perform rituals and celebrate outdoors where the connection to nature is closer. Many rituals and celebrations revolve around the cycles of the moon, such as the full moon and new moon, as well as the changing of the seasons. There can be, however, complications related to weather and safety, which means that Wiccans must often perform rituals inside. Some rituals are performed as a gathering of Wiccans in a circle surrounded by candles. There may be an altar at the candle placed at the north end of the circle. This circle creates a space for healing energy and Wiccans gather within the circle. During this circle gathering, there may be healing, divination, discussion or other nature-based activities. Many ceremonies and rituals also include eating food and drinking wine or juice before the circle is dissolved and the ritual ends.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn what Wicca is not.\", \"描述\": \"Wicca is not anti-Christian, nor is it against any other religion. It is sometimes known as pre-Christian since many of its beliefs are rooted in pagan practices of honoring the earth, honoring life and creation, and honoring the Goddess. You also don’t need to dress or look a certain way or act a certain way to be a Wiccan. Wiccan followers may be people from all walks of life, and there is no official look or behavior that absolutely defines all Wiccans.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Understand the ethics behind Wicca.\", \"描述\": \"This religion does not use magic to curse people or cast hurtful spells. As a Wiccan, you need to be responsible for your relationship to and use of magick. You live by a creed, or the Wiccan Rede, which is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” If you live positively and in harmony with the earth, then you will be a successful Wiccan.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Read books and other resources to more fully understand Wicca.\", \"描述\": \"The best introduction to self-studying Wicca is to read and research about the religion. Some of the most influential books about Wicca include: “The Heart of Wicca” by Ellen Cannon Reed, “Wicca for a Solitary Practitioner,” by Scott Cunningham, and other titles. There are introductory and advanced texts about Wicca that will give you a solid understanding of the religion.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Practices\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose your deities and build relationships with them.\", \"描述\": \"Wicca is polytheistic, meaning that its followers believe in multiple goddesses and gods. These goddesses and gods are not set apart from nature, nor do they possess superhuman powers. Rather, they are embodied in nature. These deities are derived from a variety of sources, including Roman, Norse, Hindu and Celtic roots. There are over 200 gods and goddesses that Wiccans might follow, but you won’t just randomly choose one to be your matron or patron deity. One of these deities will become your matron or patron deity. While you certainly have a say in which god or goddess you follow, it will also present itself to you, so be open to learning about a lot of deities. Be sure to research the deities thoroughly so you know which ones might have characteristics, not to your liking.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep track of your journey in a journal or diary.\", \"描述\": \"As you study and learn more about Wicca, you will begin to find associations and preferences within yourself. Writing down these observations will help you make connections and realizations about yourself. This journal will evolve into your Book of Shadows, a journal that you will keep when you become a Wiccan.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn what magick is and how to use it.\", \"描述\": \"Magick within the Wiccan religion is the practice of raising and channeling energy for a purpose. Magick for Wiccans is spelled with a “k” at the end of the word to distinguish it from stage tricks. Most Wiccans believe that magick is a personal manifestation of energy that comes from within. It is not sorcery; rather, it is spiritual and can turn your dreams into reality through spell-casting. You will need to learn how to make magick safe and protected by considering possible consequences of certain requests or spells and understanding the ramifications of using magick to obtain certain things.\\nPractice meditation and visualization exercises to enhance concentration for using magick. Make a quiet space for yourself where you can meditate without interruption.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn and practice the threefold law.\", \"描述\": \"In Wicca, the threefold law is the principle that whatever you do, it will be returned to you three times over. No matter if you do something good or bad, your actions will reverberate back to you. Following the threefold law and understanding that vengeful or vindictive actions will negatively affect you. Use the threefold principle to be aware and appreciative of your blessings.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Connect with other Wiccans.\", \"描述\": \"You can find them online in discussion groups and other forums, or you might find them in your local community. It’s likely that you will be able to find Wiccans more easily in a larger city, but that does not mean that smaller communities do not have their fair share of Wiccans. Depending on the perceived tolerance of your community, Wiccans might not be very publicly vocal about their beliefs. Talk with Wiccans about what they believe, how they practice, how they got started, and so on. These conversations will give you greater understanding of the entire faith, and they will help you develop a supportive community.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Have a self-dedication ceremony.\", \"描述\": \"This ceremony will formalize your personal relationship with Wicca and share your devotion to your deities. There are a number of simple and complex ceremonies that you can use; many suggestions can be found online. One such ceremony is as follows:\\nCollect symbols that signify a balance of nature. These objects will represent fire, water, air, and earth. It is fine to use objects that are readily available, such as a candle for fire, a glass of water for water, and so on. In a circle around you, place the water in the west, earth in the north, the air in the east and fire in the south.\\nWalk or swing your arm around in a clockwise manner three times. Close the circle by reciting, “Thrice I cast this circle ’round, sacred is this holy ground.” This creates a space between you and the physical world in which to make your dedication.\\nMake a statement about why you want to follow Wicca. Attest that you will follow the Rede (“If You Harm None, Do What You Will.”). Open the circle back up by walking or waving your arm three times counterclockwise.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Join a coven after a year and a day of study.\", \"描述\": \"Most covens and other formal gatherings require that you have studied Wicca for a year and a day before you are considered knowledgeable or serious enough to join the group. Find a coven in your local community if one exists, and introduce yourself to the group. Some covens have closed membership and do not accept new members. Others are more open and welcome new members.\\nIt is not necessary to join a coven to practice Wicca. Like any religion, Wicca can be an individual activity or it can be practiced in a group setting. You may not have an adequate community in your local area, or perhaps you have tried to be in a group setting and it hasn’t worked out. Practicing as a solitary Wiccan can be lonely, but it can also be liberating. You can remain as true to yourself as you allow yourself to be. A circle is a loose gathering of people who might only meet periodically, but they gain support from each other. A coven is a more formal gathering of people, and they are often closed to outsiders. They demand trust and respect, but can often be subject to personality clashes or egos.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Take an oath of secrecy.\", \"描述\": \"One of the earliest actions that Wiccans should do is take an oath of secrecy. This covers three areas: protection of identity, protection of rituals, and protection of the mysteries of the craft. Wiccans should not assume that other Wiccans have announced publicly that they follow the religion; many remain secretive because of potential discrimination and harassment, or for other personal reasons. Wiccans should keep rituals secret and protected in order to maintain trust and ensure that people can be vulnerable within a trusted group and space. Protecting the mysteries of the craft respects the complexities and fragilities of Wicca as a religious practice. Respecting the mysteries and inexplicable occurrences will help sustain Wicca as a practice and reserve its magical qualities for those who actively practice it.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Daily Life\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Follow the Wiccan Rede.\", \"描述\": \"The Rede, creed or approach, as you know it is: “If You Harm None, Do What You Will.” This idea emphasizes freedom to act as you see fit so long as your actions do not harm others. Tied to the Rede is the threefold law, or the idea that whatever you do will come back to you threefold. These principles emphasize positivity and harmony.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Spend some time every day in meditation or devotion.\", \"描述\": \"Bring Wiccan beliefs into your daily life by reflecting on your religious path regularly. Wicca upholds strong beliefs in creative freedom, connection to the physical, spiritual self-empowerment, the divine feminine, family bonding, and a connection to nature. These ideals can be celebrated and integrated into everyday life through meditation, increased time with family, and engaging with the environment. Many everyday Wicca practices just take a few minutes, such as breathing and centering exercises, meditating for 10-15 minutes, or giving thanks for a meal. You might also perform a brief ritual of devotion to one of your deities, speaking to them about problems you’re having or giving thanks for blessings in your life. Other practices that can take more time might be: building an altar to one of your deities; creating art or writing that reflects your religious beliefs; or taking a long walk or hike in a natural setting.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Celebrate Wiccan holidays.\", \"描述\": \"There are 8 holidays, or Sabbats, that are typically celebrated by Wiccans throughout the year, with the Wiccan new year being celebrated on October 31. These holidays can be celebrated in a number of ways, but they tend to include some acknowledgement and celebration of nature and family or community. Esbats are the celebrations based on a lunar cycle. Some Wiccans celebrate waning, waxing and full moon but there are some that celebrate only full moons. The Sabbats include:\\nSamhain (end of summer, around October 31)\\nYule (winter solstice, around December 20-23)\\nImbolc (February 1)\\nOstara (spring equinox, around March 21)\\nBeltane (April 30-May 1)\\nLitha (summer solstice, around June 21)\\nLughnasadh (July 31-August 1, first day of harvest season)\\nMabon (autumn equinox, around September 21)\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Develop your Book of Shadows.\", \"描述\": \"A Book of Shadows is an integral part of being a Wiccan and is a record of your practice as a Wiccan. This book can follow a number of templates and no two books are the same. They are deeply personal and a person can tailor their book to their own experiences. Most books have certain elements, such as a page with the Wiccan Rede; a list or description of the deities you follow; spells and incantations; rituals; mythology; and other elements.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Grow your Wicca community.\", \"描述\": \"As you practice more and grow more comfortable with how Wicca fits into your life, you can become part of a wider Wiccan community. This does not, however, mean that you should try to recruit other people to become Wiccans. This religion frowns upon proselytizing, or trying to convert people. But you can be a leader in your Wicca community, offering guidance and mentorship to new members.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Wicca is not just for women, despite its emphasis on the feminine. Plenty of men are Wiccans as well. As Wicca primarily relies on a sense of balance, it makes sense to have both women and men be part of the religion.[26]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Learning and adapting to a new religion is not an overnight decision and it takes time to fully understand beliefs and practices. Many Wiccans have taken much longer – four or five years – before fully becoming Wiccan, and even then, some feel that this timeline is short. There is no deadline or time frame for becoming Wiccan, so go at your own pace.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you are thinking of becoming a Wiccan, you must be careful with what you say. You do not want to start false rumours about the religion because you believed misinformation. Before becoming Wiccan, you MUST find a reliable information source. Try other Wiccans or Wiccan websites.\\n\", \"Wiccans often face discrimination and harassment, often based on the misplaced assumption that Wiccans worship Satan and that Wicca is anti-Christian. Many Wiccans choose to keep their faith preference private because of discrimination and harassment. Many people are put off by Wicca, mostly because of a failure to understand what it actually is. Be ready to talk with family and friends about your choice to become Wiccan. You may decide to keep your faith private from some people, particularly those who you think will be less accepting of your decision.\\n\", \"NEVER threaten to curse people just because you're Wiccan. This will make them distrust other Wiccans and could turn people against you for misusing your religious title.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
|
5,887 |
How to Become a Wikipedia Editor
|
1. Create a Wikipedia account.
Creating a Wikipedia account gives you credibility.
Only registered users can create new Wikipedia articles.
2. Familiarize yourself with the policies.
Read the five pillars of Wikipedia to know about Wikipedia's main principles.
You'll want to do this before making any edits or creating new articles.
3. Read existing articles before making edits.
Get a feel for the place and ease yourself in.
This will help you learn the proper tone and formatting.
4. Start small.
Make a few edits to existing pages first.
It's good to get some practice before jumping straight into creating a new article.
5. Ask for help.
Don't hesitate to ask for help.
If you need help, there are many ways to get help on Wikipedia, including :
Help:Cheatsheet - a basic guide to wiki text. If there's some syntax you don't know, check here first.
Community portal - a place where you get to know which articles need small editing.
Contact the Help desk for on-wiki support.
6. Take the Wikipedia Adventure.
Learn the basics with an interactive game.
Wikipedia Adventure has seven missions, each with its own skills and surprises. It will teach you about the basic principles and rules of Wikipedia and is designed to help you to become a great Wikipedian.
7. Follow Wikipedia's best practices.
This will help you be a good Wikihow citizen.
Some best practices include:
Use edit summaries.
Avoid controversy and edit wars.
Engage in a collaborative and constructive manner (building good and featured articles or expanding stubs).
Do maintenance tasks like reverting vandalism, removing copyright material
Enable your e-mail address for communication.
8. Stay active.
Keep contributing.
As you continue to make valuable contributions, you will be recognized for your efforts.
Tips
Make unbiased neutral edits on Wikipedia. For example, an edit about how dreadful a certain politician is does not belong in an encyclopedia. However, statistics and facts are allowed, so long as they are from reliable sources. Wikipedia does not allow opinions such as "X's politician suck."
Each fact requires a cited source and you should double check that these sources are reputable and trustworthy.
Always be civil, kind, supportive, and assume good faith. Remember Wikipedia is a collaborative effort and everyone makes mistakes.
Warnings
Do not create an article about yourself, family, friends, clients, employers, or your financial or other relationships on Wikipedia as it is against Wikipedia Conflict of interest policy.
Do not create multiple accounts on Wikipedia as you might get accused of abusive sock puppetry. If that happens, all your accounts will end up being blocked/banned unless you have a legitimate reason to start a new account.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:06",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Create a Wikipedia account.\\nCreating a Wikipedia account gives you credibility.\\nOnly registered users can create new Wikipedia articles.\\n2. Familiarize yourself with the policies.\\nRead the five pillars of Wikipedia to know about Wikipedia's main principles.\\nYou'll want to do this before making any edits or creating new articles.\\n3. Read existing articles before making edits.\\nGet a feel for the place and ease yourself in.\\nThis will help you learn the proper tone and formatting.\\n4. Start small.\\nMake a few edits to existing pages first.\\nIt's good to get some practice before jumping straight into creating a new article.\\n5. Ask for help.\\nDon't hesitate to ask for help.\\nIf you need help, there are many ways to get help on Wikipedia, including :\\n\\nHelp:Cheatsheet - a basic guide to wiki text. If there's some syntax you don't know, check here first.\\nCommunity portal - a place where you get to know which articles need small editing.\\nContact the Help desk for on-wiki support.\\n6. Take the Wikipedia Adventure.\\nLearn the basics with an interactive game.\\nWikipedia Adventure has seven missions, each with its own skills and surprises. It will teach you about the basic principles and rules of Wikipedia and is designed to help you to become a great Wikipedian.\\n7. Follow Wikipedia's best practices.\\nThis will help you be a good Wikihow citizen.\\nSome best practices include: \\nUse edit summaries.\\nAvoid controversy and edit wars.\\nEngage in a collaborative and constructive manner (building good and featured articles or expanding stubs).\\nDo maintenance tasks like reverting vandalism, removing copyright material\\nEnable your e-mail address for communication.\\n8. Stay active.\\nKeep contributing.\\nAs you continue to make valuable contributions, you will be recognized for your efforts.\\nTips\\nMake unbiased neutral edits on Wikipedia. For example, an edit about how dreadful a certain politician is does not belong in an encyclopedia. However, statistics and facts are allowed, so long as they are from reliable sources. Wikipedia does not allow opinions such as \\\"X's politician suck.\\\"\\nEach fact requires a cited source and you should double check that these sources are reputable and trustworthy.\\nAlways be civil, kind, supportive, and assume good faith. Remember Wikipedia is a collaborative effort and everyone makes mistakes.\\nWarnings\\nDo not create an article about yourself, family, friends, clients, employers, or your financial or other relationships on Wikipedia as it is against Wikipedia Conflict of interest policy.\\nDo not create multiple accounts on Wikipedia as you might get accused of abusive sock puppetry. If that happens, all your accounts will end up being blocked/banned unless you have a legitimate reason to start a new account.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The open nature of a wiki lets anyone be a Wikipedia editor. However, to be trusted within the Wikipedia community and ensure that your contributions stay requires a bit more effort. Follow these steps and you'll be a respected member of the community, given a bit of time.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Create a Wikipedia account.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Creating a Wikipedia account gives you credibility.\", \"描述\": \"Only registered users can create new Wikipedia articles.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Familiarize yourself with the policies.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Read the five pillars of Wikipedia to know about Wikipedia's main principles.\", \"描述\": \"You'll want to do this before making any edits or creating new articles.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Read existing articles before making edits.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a feel for the place and ease yourself in.\", \"描述\": \"This will help you learn the proper tone and formatting.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Start small.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make a few edits to existing pages first.\", \"描述\": \"It's good to get some practice before jumping straight into creating a new article.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ask for help.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don't hesitate to ask for help.\", \"描述\": \"If you need help, there are many ways to get help on Wikipedia, including :\\n\\nHelp:Cheatsheet - a basic guide to wiki text. If there's some syntax you don't know, check here first.\\nCommunity portal - a place where you get to know which articles need small editing.\\nContact the Help desk for on-wiki support.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Take the Wikipedia Adventure.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn the basics with an interactive game.\", \"描述\": \"Wikipedia Adventure has seven missions, each with its own skills and surprises. It will teach you about the basic principles and rules of Wikipedia and is designed to help you to become a great Wikipedian.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Follow Wikipedia's best practices.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"This will help you be a good Wikihow citizen.\", \"描述\": \"Some best practices include: \\nUse edit summaries.\\nAvoid controversy and edit wars.\\nEngage in a collaborative and constructive manner (building good and featured articles or expanding stubs).\\nDo maintenance tasks like reverting vandalism, removing copyright material\\nEnable your e-mail address for communication.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Stay active.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep contributing.\", \"描述\": \"As you continue to make valuable contributions, you will be recognized for your efforts.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Make unbiased neutral edits on Wikipedia. For example, an edit about how dreadful a certain politician is does not belong in an encyclopedia. However, statistics and facts are allowed, so long as they are from reliable sources. Wikipedia does not allow opinions such as \\\"X's politician suck.\\\"\\n\", \"Each fact requires a cited source and you should double check that these sources are reputable and trustworthy.\\n\", \"Always be civil, kind, supportive, and assume good faith. Remember Wikipedia is a collaborative effort and everyone makes mistakes.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Do not create an article about yourself, family, friends, clients, employers, or your financial or other relationships on Wikipedia as it is against Wikipedia Conflict of interest policy.\\n\", \"Do not create multiple accounts on Wikipedia as you might get accused of abusive sock puppetry. If that happens, all your accounts will end up being blocked/banned unless you have a legitimate reason to start a new account.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
|
5,888 |
How to Become a Wildland Firefighter
|
1. Building Skills and Qualifications
1-1. Meet the initial qualifications.
In the US you must be a citizen at least 18 years old with a high school diploma or the equivalent in order to work as a firefighter for federal, state, and local agencies or bureaus.
Each country has its own unique set of qualifications. Be sure to check the specifications in your jurisdiction, if you live outside of the United States.
For example, in Canada, you must be 18 years or older, speak English, and complete three training courses.
1-2. Brush up on your outdoor skills.
It's an enormous help if you're familiar with basic survival skills like assembling a tent, reading a topographic map, using a compass, and tying knots. Much of your time on duty will be spent living outdoors, so knowing camp crafts and having wilderness survival knowledge will give you a leg up.
Break in your boots. You will be supplied with most items needed (hard hat, leather gloves, fire resistant clothing, backpack, tent, etc.), but you need to purchase your own boots. The US Fish & Wildlife Service recommends you break these in before turning up for duty to avoid blisters, sores, infection, and other concerns.
Practice hiking with a pack. Increase the distance hiked and weight carried gradually, until you can hike with 45 pounds for several miles.
For perspective: to qualify as a smokejumper, you would need to complete a hike of three miles in under 90 minutes, carrying a 110-pound pack, over level ground, among other things.
Complete a fire training course from a local community college, university, or vocational institute. This will give you the basic information you need to get started on the job.
1-3. Improve your chances by taking classes.
If you have no prior experience in wildland firefighting, there are basic classes you may be able to complete locally. This can increase your chances of being hired. The first step would be to complete courses in fire science and emergency medical training. Beyond this, specific educational requirements vary at the federal, state, and local level, so contact the organization you plan to apply with to find out more.
Earning an associate’s, bachelor’s, or graduate degree in fire science or other related subjects will set you apart from other applicants, but this is not typically required for entry level wildland firefighting positions.
Check the courses offered in fire science at your local community college or university to see if there is at least one course in wildland firefighting.
Contact the school to find out if hands-on training is part of the fire science curriculum.
1-4. Work as a volunteer firefighter.
Many organizations that hire wildland firefighters require previous experience. Volunteering with your local fire department will give you an opportunity to work in the field, receive training, and develop the physical stamina necessary to be an effective wildland firefighter and well qualified applicant.
To improve your stamina on your down time, try "rucking," or going for a walk with a backpack on. Start with a lightweight backpack, then add weight to it as you build strength and stamina.
To condition you to hike through wild terrain, set a treadmill to "incline" mode while you walk on it.
To increase your strength so you can endure long treks and physical exertion, do push ups, pull ups or inverted rows, squats, lunges, step ups, deadlifts, and glute bridges.
1-5. Talk to wildland firefighters.
This gives you an opportunity to find out more about the job from someone with firsthand experience. They can also give you tips for the application, physical test, new job listings, and how to be successful on the job.
1-6. Prepare for potential hazards.
Make sure your will, power of attorney, life insurance policies, etc. are all in order prior to taking a position as a firefighter. Wildland firefighting is an extremely hazardous profession. Before you leave for a season, make sure all of your affairs are in order. While training and safety precautions reduce the risk of death for wildland firefighters, it remains a possibility.
While wildland firefighter safety continues to improve, the job is still very hazardous. In 2013, an entire crew of 19 was lost when their emergency shelters were unsuccessful in protecting them, after they became trapped in unexpected and rapidly deteriorating conditions.
In recent years, annual deaths have decreased dramatically. Apart from 2013, less than 20 fatalities have occurred annually since 2010.
2. Ensuring Your Physical Aptitude
2-1. Meet the fitness qualifications.
Every certified wildland firefighter is required to meet certain physical standards when starting the job. Your physical aptitude for wildland firefighting will be tested through the work capacity test (WCT). Every U.S. agency or bureau requires you to complete this test before becoming a wildland firefighter. Even if your local department doesn't require it, you might not be selected for out-of-state service unless you have qualified.
The WCT is administered as part of the application process for many agencies. If you don't meet the requirements for the test initially, you have two weeks in which to take it again. If unsuccessful the second time, you will likely not be accepted for the position.
The WCT is often referred to as the pack test because it requires applicants to hike several miles with a 45-pound pack.
The WCT is administered when you return to duty each season to ensure you’ve maintained physical aptitude.
2-2. Train for the WCT.
If you're not in shape already, start your training as soon as possible. Running and hiking holding heavy weights while going up and downhill are excellent forms of exercise to prepare for the WCT. For most agencies with temporary assignments, the fire season starts in May, so you will want to give yourself a few months of proper training before this; beginning in February at the latest. If the WCT is part of the application process, you’ll need to begin your training program earlier in the year.
Contact the agencies you’re applying with and local fire science programs to find out if there are group training programs for the WCT in your area.
Get a personal trainer through a local gym. They are great resources to help you safely and successfully reach your training goals, especially if they are familiar with training firefighters.
Give yourself rest time throughout training. Do not run or hike every day. Instead, start with two or three days of activity each week, and gradually increase to five.
Set yourself apart from other applicants by completing practice WCTs before applying.
2-3. Visit your doctor.
Many applicants are required to submit medical clearance from doctor prior to engaging in arduous labor. The United States Forest Service recommends you consult your physician before training to become a wildland firefighter. Substantially increasing your level of activity can be dangerous. If your lifestyle has been mostly inactive, you have a history of a heart condition or chest pain, or you have joint or bone problems that could worsen with a change in physical activity, visiting a physician is essential.
3. Getting the Job
3-1. Search for jobs online.
There are a variety of websites where you can look for current wildland firefighting job opportunities. Each site will also provide information about the application process, whom to contact for assistance, job descriptions, and what training or experience is required prior to application. Carefully review this information before applying for a position.
If you’re interested in applying with US state agencies, there are currently 11 regional organizations that hire wildland firefighters. A full list of these Geographical Area Coordination Centers, with links to their websites can be found at the page.
One place to find federal jobs is through the US Fish & Wildlife Service at http://jobs.fws.gov. Click the “current job listings” tab, and search for “fire.”
The US Department of the Interior has a full page devoted to application information specifically for wildland firefighters. This information is processed through the Fire Integrated Recruitment Employment Systems or FIRES. The FIRES recruitment system, application information, and links to current openings can be found in the US at http://www.firejobs.doi.gov
You can check with US National Park Service’s Fire and Aviation department at http://www.nps.gov/fire. Click on the "Jobs" link. From there, you can search for jobs under "Job Search.” This has customized searches for National Park Service fire-related jobs.
For US Forest Service applicants, you can also search for wildland firefighter job openings, internships, apprenticeships, and more through the United States Department of Agriculture at http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r5/fire-aviation/management/?cid=stelprdb5341420.
3-2. Apply to be a wildland firefighter.
This is typically a digital process though a few local agencies may still have paper forms. Be aware that filling out applications online can be a little tricky due to the way they are worded and set up. If you’re experiencing difficulties filling out the application, ask for help immediately from the human resource department or other contact at the agency you’re applying with.
Set aside adequate time to complete the application. The application usually takes about an hour, though it varies between agencies.
If there’s not a checklist available from the agency you apply with, make your own application checklist to keep track of all necessary steps.
Before applying for a job, make sure you meet all of the minimum education and experience qualifications.
3-3. Pass the application exams.
Many federal and state wildland firefighters take two tests as part of the application process. This allows agencies to quickly cut down a pool of applicants, so you must pass this hurdle in order to be hired as a wildland firefighter. The first exam will be a written test with questions on wildland firefighting basics. The second exam is the Candidate Physical Ability test (sometimes known as CPAT), which evaluates each applicant’s endurance, strength, and physical fitness in standardized exercises.
The written test typically covers things like protective equipment, response procedures, and mechanical reasoning. These topics will all be covered in any basic introduction course to fire science or may be learned from independent study of textbooks or relevant on-the-job training.
If you aren’t able to complete a course in fire science prior to taking the test, there are a number of online resources you can consult free of charge. Search online for “wildland firefighter written exam prep.”
There are often study materials available through the agency you apply with.
Passing the Work Capacity Test (WCT) or "pack test" is essential. This test consists of a three-mile walk carrying a 45-pound pack. You must be able to complete the WCT in 45 minutes or less without jogging or running. Rules may vary as to whether you must wear hiking boots or athletic shoes.
Every wildland firefighter completes the WCT before returning to work each season.
3-4. Complete additional training.
Most organizations require wildland firefighters to become certified or to complete one or more training courses. The most common requirement is completion of fire academy training, which may be required prior to application in some cases. Others require specific degrees, course work, or certifications. Some require no prior training at all, but your application will be compared against others. Make sure you know what these requirements are, and if at all possible, complete them in advance to set yourself apart from other applicants.
Check the website for the federal, state, or local agency you’re applying to. Most sites will have a checklist or outline of the requirements for wildland firefighters. If you’re unsure, contact the organization prior to applying to verify you meet all their prerequisites.
As an example, in Colorado, one of the most popular areas for wildland firefighting, firefighters must earn the Interagency Incident Qualification Card sometimes referred to simply as the “Red Card”, within a limited time of starting. This is completed through the National Wildfire Coordinating Group.
If you’re interested in a specialty subfield, or applying for advanced crews, you will need to complete additional training. For example, aviation firefighters complete training through the US Bureau of Land Management or US Forest Service to learn how to safely parachute or rappel into fire areas.
If you hope to advance within the field, you may need to earn a bachelor’s or graduate degree in fire science, rangeland ecology, or other topics.
Many excellent firefighters and supervisors have little more education than a high-school diploma and some hours of community college, but offset those credentials with massive job qualifications and reputation based upon experience.
Tips
Get experience using a chainsaw. This will set you apart from other applicants.
Look up wildland fire websites and research their materials to gain as much knowledge as you can of the job and what it entails.
Have a good attitude and a willingness to work hard.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:06",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Building Skills and Qualifications\\n1-1. Meet the initial qualifications.\\nIn the US you must be a citizen at least 18 years old with a high school diploma or the equivalent in order to work as a firefighter for federal, state, and local agencies or bureaus.\\nEach country has its own unique set of qualifications. Be sure to check the specifications in your jurisdiction, if you live outside of the United States.\\nFor example, in Canada, you must be 18 years or older, speak English, and complete three training courses.\\n1-2. Brush up on your outdoor skills.\\nIt's an enormous help if you're familiar with basic survival skills like assembling a tent, reading a topographic map, using a compass, and tying knots. Much of your time on duty will be spent living outdoors, so knowing camp crafts and having wilderness survival knowledge will give you a leg up.\\nBreak in your boots. You will be supplied with most items needed (hard hat, leather gloves, fire resistant clothing, backpack, tent, etc.), but you need to purchase your own boots. The US Fish & Wildlife Service recommends you break these in before turning up for duty to avoid blisters, sores, infection, and other concerns.\\nPractice hiking with a pack. Increase the distance hiked and weight carried gradually, until you can hike with 45 pounds for several miles.\\nFor perspective: to qualify as a smokejumper, you would need to complete a hike of three miles in under 90 minutes, carrying a 110-pound pack, over level ground, among other things.\\nComplete a fire training course from a local community college, university, or vocational institute. This will give you the basic information you need to get started on the job.\\n1-3. Improve your chances by taking classes.\\nIf you have no prior experience in wildland firefighting, there are basic classes you may be able to complete locally. This can increase your chances of being hired. The first step would be to complete courses in fire science and emergency medical training. Beyond this, specific educational requirements vary at the federal, state, and local level, so contact the organization you plan to apply with to find out more.\\nEarning an associate’s, bachelor’s, or graduate degree in fire science or other related subjects will set you apart from other applicants, but this is not typically required for entry level wildland firefighting positions.\\nCheck the courses offered in fire science at your local community college or university to see if there is at least one course in wildland firefighting.\\nContact the school to find out if hands-on training is part of the fire science curriculum.\\n1-4. Work as a volunteer firefighter.\\nMany organizations that hire wildland firefighters require previous experience. Volunteering with your local fire department will give you an opportunity to work in the field, receive training, and develop the physical stamina necessary to be an effective wildland firefighter and well qualified applicant.\\nTo improve your stamina on your down time, try \\\"rucking,\\\" or going for a walk with a backpack on. Start with a lightweight backpack, then add weight to it as you build strength and stamina.\\nTo condition you to hike through wild terrain, set a treadmill to \\\"incline\\\" mode while you walk on it.\\nTo increase your strength so you can endure long treks and physical exertion, do push ups, pull ups or inverted rows, squats, lunges, step ups, deadlifts, and glute bridges.\\n1-5. Talk to wildland firefighters.\\nThis gives you an opportunity to find out more about the job from someone with firsthand experience. They can also give you tips for the application, physical test, new job listings, and how to be successful on the job.\\n1-6. Prepare for potential hazards.\\nMake sure your will, power of attorney, life insurance policies, etc. are all in order prior to taking a position as a firefighter. Wildland firefighting is an extremely hazardous profession. Before you leave for a season, make sure all of your affairs are in order. While training and safety precautions reduce the risk of death for wildland firefighters, it remains a possibility.\\nWhile wildland firefighter safety continues to improve, the job is still very hazardous. In 2013, an entire crew of 19 was lost when their emergency shelters were unsuccessful in protecting them, after they became trapped in unexpected and rapidly deteriorating conditions. \\nIn recent years, annual deaths have decreased dramatically. Apart from 2013, less than 20 fatalities have occurred annually since 2010.\\n2. Ensuring Your Physical Aptitude\\n2-1. Meet the fitness qualifications.\\nEvery certified wildland firefighter is required to meet certain physical standards when starting the job. Your physical aptitude for wildland firefighting will be tested through the work capacity test (WCT). Every U.S. agency or bureau requires you to complete this test before becoming a wildland firefighter. Even if your local department doesn't require it, you might not be selected for out-of-state service unless you have qualified.\\nThe WCT is administered as part of the application process for many agencies. If you don't meet the requirements for the test initially, you have two weeks in which to take it again. If unsuccessful the second time, you will likely not be accepted for the position.\\nThe WCT is often referred to as the pack test because it requires applicants to hike several miles with a 45-pound pack.\\nThe WCT is administered when you return to duty each season to ensure you’ve maintained physical aptitude.\\n2-2. Train for the WCT.\\nIf you're not in shape already, start your training as soon as possible. Running and hiking holding heavy weights while going up and downhill are excellent forms of exercise to prepare for the WCT. For most agencies with temporary assignments, the fire season starts in May, so you will want to give yourself a few months of proper training before this; beginning in February at the latest. If the WCT is part of the application process, you’ll need to begin your training program earlier in the year.\\nContact the agencies you’re applying with and local fire science programs to find out if there are group training programs for the WCT in your area.\\nGet a personal trainer through a local gym. They are great resources to help you safely and successfully reach your training goals, especially if they are familiar with training firefighters.\\nGive yourself rest time throughout training. Do not run or hike every day. Instead, start with two or three days of activity each week, and gradually increase to five.\\nSet yourself apart from other applicants by completing practice WCTs before applying.\\n2-3. Visit your doctor.\\nMany applicants are required to submit medical clearance from doctor prior to engaging in arduous labor. The United States Forest Service recommends you consult your physician before training to become a wildland firefighter. Substantially increasing your level of activity can be dangerous. If your lifestyle has been mostly inactive, you have a history of a heart condition or chest pain, or you have joint or bone problems that could worsen with a change in physical activity, visiting a physician is essential.\\n3. Getting the Job\\n3-1. Search for jobs online.\\nThere are a variety of websites where you can look for current wildland firefighting job opportunities. Each site will also provide information about the application process, whom to contact for assistance, job descriptions, and what training or experience is required prior to application. Carefully review this information before applying for a position.\\nIf you’re interested in applying with US state agencies, there are currently 11 regional organizations that hire wildland firefighters. A full list of these Geographical Area Coordination Centers, with links to their websites can be found at the page.\\nOne place to find federal jobs is through the US Fish & Wildlife Service at http://jobs.fws.gov. Click the “current job listings” tab, and search for “fire.”\\nThe US Department of the Interior has a full page devoted to application information specifically for wildland firefighters. This information is processed through the Fire Integrated Recruitment Employment Systems or FIRES. The FIRES recruitment system, application information, and links to current openings can be found in the US at http://www.firejobs.doi.gov\\nYou can check with US National Park Service’s Fire and Aviation department at http://www.nps.gov/fire. Click on the \\\"Jobs\\\" link. From there, you can search for jobs under \\\"Job Search.” This has customized searches for National Park Service fire-related jobs.\\nFor US Forest Service applicants, you can also search for wildland firefighter job openings, internships, apprenticeships, and more through the United States Department of Agriculture at http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r5/fire-aviation/management/?cid=stelprdb5341420.\\n3-2. Apply to be a wildland firefighter.\\nThis is typically a digital process though a few local agencies may still have paper forms. Be aware that filling out applications online can be a little tricky due to the way they are worded and set up. If you’re experiencing difficulties filling out the application, ask for help immediately from the human resource department or other contact at the agency you’re applying with.\\nSet aside adequate time to complete the application. The application usually takes about an hour, though it varies between agencies.\\nIf there’s not a checklist available from the agency you apply with, make your own application checklist to keep track of all necessary steps.\\nBefore applying for a job, make sure you meet all of the minimum education and experience qualifications.\\n3-3. Pass the application exams.\\nMany federal and state wildland firefighters take two tests as part of the application process. This allows agencies to quickly cut down a pool of applicants, so you must pass this hurdle in order to be hired as a wildland firefighter. The first exam will be a written test with questions on wildland firefighting basics. The second exam is the Candidate Physical Ability test (sometimes known as CPAT), which evaluates each applicant’s endurance, strength, and physical fitness in standardized exercises.\\nThe written test typically covers things like protective equipment, response procedures, and mechanical reasoning. These topics will all be covered in any basic introduction course to fire science or may be learned from independent study of textbooks or relevant on-the-job training.\\nIf you aren’t able to complete a course in fire science prior to taking the test, there are a number of online resources you can consult free of charge. Search online for “wildland firefighter written exam prep.”\\nThere are often study materials available through the agency you apply with.\\nPassing the Work Capacity Test (WCT) or \\\"pack test\\\" is essential. This test consists of a three-mile walk carrying a 45-pound pack. You must be able to complete the WCT in 45 minutes or less without jogging or running. Rules may vary as to whether you must wear hiking boots or athletic shoes.\\nEvery wildland firefighter completes the WCT before returning to work each season.\\n3-4. Complete additional training.\\nMost organizations require wildland firefighters to become certified or to complete one or more training courses. The most common requirement is completion of fire academy training, which may be required prior to application in some cases. Others require specific degrees, course work, or certifications. Some require no prior training at all, but your application will be compared against others. Make sure you know what these requirements are, and if at all possible, complete them in advance to set yourself apart from other applicants.\\nCheck the website for the federal, state, or local agency you’re applying to. Most sites will have a checklist or outline of the requirements for wildland firefighters. If you’re unsure, contact the organization prior to applying to verify you meet all their prerequisites.\\nAs an example, in Colorado, one of the most popular areas for wildland firefighting, firefighters must earn the Interagency Incident Qualification Card sometimes referred to simply as the “Red Card”, within a limited time of starting. This is completed through the National Wildfire Coordinating Group.\\nIf you’re interested in a specialty subfield, or applying for advanced crews, you will need to complete additional training. For example, aviation firefighters complete training through the US Bureau of Land Management or US Forest Service to learn how to safely parachute or rappel into fire areas.\\nIf you hope to advance within the field, you may need to earn a bachelor’s or graduate degree in fire science, rangeland ecology, or other topics.\\nMany excellent firefighters and supervisors have little more education than a high-school diploma and some hours of community college, but offset those credentials with massive job qualifications and reputation based upon experience.\\nTips\\nGet experience using a chainsaw. This will set you apart from other applicants.\\nLook up wildland fire websites and research their materials to gain as much knowledge as you can of the job and what it entails.\\nHave a good attitude and a willingness to work hard.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Sick of working in the office 9 to 5? Do you want to get paid to work outdoors? Getting a job at the federal, state, or local level as a wildland firefighter provides you with many opportunities to travel, make great money, lead an active lifestyle, and serve your community through fighting wilderness fires. Most U.S. wildland firefighters work seasonally from May to August, and you should apply for these jobs before the first of the year (though some agencies begin hiring in the fall and train during the winter). Get started today by finding out more about the requirements for becoming a wildland firefighter and how you can apply.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Building Skills and Qualifications\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meet the initial qualifications.\", \"描述\": \"In the US you must be a citizen at least 18 years old with a high school diploma or the equivalent in order to work as a firefighter for federal, state, and local agencies or bureaus.\\nEach country has its own unique set of qualifications. Be sure to check the specifications in your jurisdiction, if you live outside of the United States.\\nFor example, in Canada, you must be 18 years or older, speak English, and complete three training courses.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Brush up on your outdoor skills.\", \"描述\": \"It's an enormous help if you're familiar with basic survival skills like assembling a tent, reading a topographic map, using a compass, and tying knots. Much of your time on duty will be spent living outdoors, so knowing camp crafts and having wilderness survival knowledge will give you a leg up.\\nBreak in your boots. You will be supplied with most items needed (hard hat, leather gloves, fire resistant clothing, backpack, tent, etc.), but you need to purchase your own boots. The US Fish & Wildlife Service recommends you break these in before turning up for duty to avoid blisters, sores, infection, and other concerns.\\nPractice hiking with a pack. Increase the distance hiked and weight carried gradually, until you can hike with 45 pounds for several miles.\\nFor perspective: to qualify as a smokejumper, you would need to complete a hike of three miles in under 90 minutes, carrying a 110-pound pack, over level ground, among other things.\\nComplete a fire training course from a local community college, university, or vocational institute. This will give you the basic information you need to get started on the job.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Improve your chances by taking classes.\", \"描述\": \"If you have no prior experience in wildland firefighting, there are basic classes you may be able to complete locally. This can increase your chances of being hired. The first step would be to complete courses in fire science and emergency medical training. Beyond this, specific educational requirements vary at the federal, state, and local level, so contact the organization you plan to apply with to find out more.\\nEarning an associate’s, bachelor’s, or graduate degree in fire science or other related subjects will set you apart from other applicants, but this is not typically required for entry level wildland firefighting positions.\\nCheck the courses offered in fire science at your local community college or university to see if there is at least one course in wildland firefighting.\\nContact the school to find out if hands-on training is part of the fire science curriculum.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Work as a volunteer firefighter.\", \"描述\": \"Many organizations that hire wildland firefighters require previous experience. Volunteering with your local fire department will give you an opportunity to work in the field, receive training, and develop the physical stamina necessary to be an effective wildland firefighter and well qualified applicant.\\nTo improve your stamina on your down time, try \\\"rucking,\\\" or going for a walk with a backpack on. Start with a lightweight backpack, then add weight to it as you build strength and stamina.\\nTo condition you to hike through wild terrain, set a treadmill to \\\"incline\\\" mode while you walk on it.\\nTo increase your strength so you can endure long treks and physical exertion, do push ups, pull ups or inverted rows, squats, lunges, step ups, deadlifts, and glute bridges.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Talk to wildland firefighters.\", \"描述\": \"This gives you an opportunity to find out more about the job from someone with firsthand experience. They can also give you tips for the application, physical test, new job listings, and how to be successful on the job.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Prepare for potential hazards.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure your will, power of attorney, life insurance policies, etc. are all in order prior to taking a position as a firefighter. Wildland firefighting is an extremely hazardous profession. Before you leave for a season, make sure all of your affairs are in order. While training and safety precautions reduce the risk of death for wildland firefighters, it remains a possibility.\\nWhile wildland firefighter safety continues to improve, the job is still very hazardous. In 2013, an entire crew of 19 was lost when their emergency shelters were unsuccessful in protecting them, after they became trapped in unexpected and rapidly deteriorating conditions. \\nIn recent years, annual deaths have decreased dramatically. Apart from 2013, less than 20 fatalities have occurred annually since 2010.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ensuring Your Physical Aptitude\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meet the fitness qualifications.\", \"描述\": \"Every certified wildland firefighter is required to meet certain physical standards when starting the job. Your physical aptitude for wildland firefighting will be tested through the work capacity test (WCT). Every U.S. agency or bureau requires you to complete this test before becoming a wildland firefighter. Even if your local department doesn't require it, you might not be selected for out-of-state service unless you have qualified.\\nThe WCT is administered as part of the application process for many agencies. If you don't meet the requirements for the test initially, you have two weeks in which to take it again. If unsuccessful the second time, you will likely not be accepted for the position.\\nThe WCT is often referred to as the pack test because it requires applicants to hike several miles with a 45-pound pack.\\nThe WCT is administered when you return to duty each season to ensure you’ve maintained physical aptitude.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Train for the WCT.\", \"描述\": \"If you're not in shape already, start your training as soon as possible. Running and hiking holding heavy weights while going up and downhill are excellent forms of exercise to prepare for the WCT. For most agencies with temporary assignments, the fire season starts in May, so you will want to give yourself a few months of proper training before this; beginning in February at the latest. If the WCT is part of the application process, you’ll need to begin your training program earlier in the year.\\nContact the agencies you’re applying with and local fire science programs to find out if there are group training programs for the WCT in your area.\\nGet a personal trainer through a local gym. They are great resources to help you safely and successfully reach your training goals, especially if they are familiar with training firefighters.\\nGive yourself rest time throughout training. Do not run or hike every day. Instead, start with two or three days of activity each week, and gradually increase to five.\\nSet yourself apart from other applicants by completing practice WCTs before applying.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Visit your doctor.\", \"描述\": \"Many applicants are required to submit medical clearance from doctor prior to engaging in arduous labor. The United States Forest Service recommends you consult your physician before training to become a wildland firefighter. Substantially increasing your level of activity can be dangerous. If your lifestyle has been mostly inactive, you have a history of a heart condition or chest pain, or you have joint or bone problems that could worsen with a change in physical activity, visiting a physician is essential.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Getting the Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Search for jobs online.\", \"描述\": \"There are a variety of websites where you can look for current wildland firefighting job opportunities. Each site will also provide information about the application process, whom to contact for assistance, job descriptions, and what training or experience is required prior to application. Carefully review this information before applying for a position.\\nIf you’re interested in applying with US state agencies, there are currently 11 regional organizations that hire wildland firefighters. A full list of these Geographical Area Coordination Centers, with links to their websites can be found at the page.\\nOne place to find federal jobs is through the US Fish & Wildlife Service at http://jobs.fws.gov. Click the “current job listings” tab, and search for “fire.”\\nThe US Department of the Interior has a full page devoted to application information specifically for wildland firefighters. This information is processed through the Fire Integrated Recruitment Employment Systems or FIRES. The FIRES recruitment system, application information, and links to current openings can be found in the US at http://www.firejobs.doi.gov\\nYou can check with US National Park Service’s Fire and Aviation department at http://www.nps.gov/fire. Click on the \\\"Jobs\\\" link. From there, you can search for jobs under \\\"Job Search.” This has customized searches for National Park Service fire-related jobs.\\nFor US Forest Service applicants, you can also search for wildland firefighter job openings, internships, apprenticeships, and more through the United States Department of Agriculture at http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/r5/fire-aviation/management/?cid=stelprdb5341420.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply to be a wildland firefighter.\", \"描述\": \"This is typically a digital process though a few local agencies may still have paper forms. Be aware that filling out applications online can be a little tricky due to the way they are worded and set up. If you’re experiencing difficulties filling out the application, ask for help immediately from the human resource department or other contact at the agency you’re applying with.\\nSet aside adequate time to complete the application. The application usually takes about an hour, though it varies between agencies.\\nIf there’s not a checklist available from the agency you apply with, make your own application checklist to keep track of all necessary steps.\\nBefore applying for a job, make sure you meet all of the minimum education and experience qualifications.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pass the application exams.\", \"描述\": \"Many federal and state wildland firefighters take two tests as part of the application process. This allows agencies to quickly cut down a pool of applicants, so you must pass this hurdle in order to be hired as a wildland firefighter. The first exam will be a written test with questions on wildland firefighting basics. The second exam is the Candidate Physical Ability test (sometimes known as CPAT), which evaluates each applicant’s endurance, strength, and physical fitness in standardized exercises.\\nThe written test typically covers things like protective equipment, response procedures, and mechanical reasoning. These topics will all be covered in any basic introduction course to fire science or may be learned from independent study of textbooks or relevant on-the-job training.\\nIf you aren’t able to complete a course in fire science prior to taking the test, there are a number of online resources you can consult free of charge. Search online for “wildland firefighter written exam prep.”\\nThere are often study materials available through the agency you apply with.\\nPassing the Work Capacity Test (WCT) or \\\"pack test\\\" is essential. This test consists of a three-mile walk carrying a 45-pound pack. You must be able to complete the WCT in 45 minutes or less without jogging or running. Rules may vary as to whether you must wear hiking boots or athletic shoes.\\nEvery wildland firefighter completes the WCT before returning to work each season.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Complete additional training.\", \"描述\": \"Most organizations require wildland firefighters to become certified or to complete one or more training courses. The most common requirement is completion of fire academy training, which may be required prior to application in some cases. Others require specific degrees, course work, or certifications. Some require no prior training at all, but your application will be compared against others. Make sure you know what these requirements are, and if at all possible, complete them in advance to set yourself apart from other applicants.\\nCheck the website for the federal, state, or local agency you’re applying to. Most sites will have a checklist or outline of the requirements for wildland firefighters. If you’re unsure, contact the organization prior to applying to verify you meet all their prerequisites.\\nAs an example, in Colorado, one of the most popular areas for wildland firefighting, firefighters must earn the Interagency Incident Qualification Card sometimes referred to simply as the “Red Card”, within a limited time of starting. This is completed through the National Wildfire Coordinating Group.\\nIf you’re interested in a specialty subfield, or applying for advanced crews, you will need to complete additional training. For example, aviation firefighters complete training through the US Bureau of Land Management or US Forest Service to learn how to safely parachute or rappel into fire areas.\\nIf you hope to advance within the field, you may need to earn a bachelor’s or graduate degree in fire science, rangeland ecology, or other topics.\\nMany excellent firefighters and supervisors have little more education than a high-school diploma and some hours of community college, but offset those credentials with massive job qualifications and reputation based upon experience.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Get experience using a chainsaw. This will set you apart from other applicants.\\n\", \"Look up wildland fire websites and research their materials to gain as much knowledge as you can of the job and what it entails.\\n\", \"Have a good attitude and a willingness to work hard.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,889 |
How to Become a Wildlife Rehabilitator
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1. Deciding to Become a Wildlife Rehabilitator
1-1. Get vaccinated.
Be prepared, because the rehabilitation center will ask you to get certain vaccinations, and provide the paperwork for them. A Rabies vaccine is a must.
1-2. Find a center where you can volunteer.
Search for centers in your area at: http://www.owra.org/find-a-wildlife-rehabilitator If you can’t locate any on that site, call your state Game and Wildlife Commission for a list of rehabilitators in your state. The "busy season" for wildlife centers starts in the spring. This is when baby animals are born, and the boom continues through the summer. Most places have limited acceptance periods, so they can have a trained staff on hand for spring. Think about volunteering at a couple different places to see which kinds of animals you’d like to work with.
1-3. Volunteer at a wildlife rehabilitation center.
Your experience might include doing office work, helping to fundraise, or assisting with some of the animal care. At first, you will not be doing much with animals, but you might be helping to prepare food or ready or clean cages or bedding. As you get more experience, you might be able to do more hands-on work with the animals. You will need to meet these basic criteria before beginning:
Be 18 or older
Fill out a volunteer form for the center
Have enough time to do a shift per week, minimum (usually 4 hours)
Participate in annual trainings
Be willing and able to transport injured animals
1-4. Do an informational interview with a wildlife rehabilitator.
You might think that you want to train to be a wildlife rehabilitator, but it might be different than you imagine. Ask a wildlife rehabilitator if you can interview him or her to get a sense of what they actually do every day. Some sample questions might be:
What does a typical day look like?
How did you get into wildlife rehabilitation?
What is the most difficult part of your job?
What kinds of suggestions do you have for me?
1-5. Decide where you want to work eventually.
Do you want to try and get a job at one of the centers where you have volunteered? Talk to them to see if they are planning to hire any time soon. Are you planning to do a broad search? You can search internationally here Do you want to start your own rehabilitation center? How will you do that? If you want your own center, where will you get the money to purchase and build the facility? Make sure you are prepared for what your job prospects might be.
2. Getting Training and Permits
2-1. Get a college degree in biology or ecology.
Even though for some positions a college degree is not required, it is for most. A major in a biology-related field, including coursework on mammalogy, ornithology, animal behavior, and ecology would be the best preparation for becoming a wildlife rehabilitator. These courses would give you a background in the way animals function and their environment.
2-2. Approach the head of your facility for an apprenticeship or internship.
This is a year(or more) in which your hours are carefully documented and cataloged, followed by a test. Most states will require this time period before you are able to be licensed.
2-3. Check with your state’s Game and Wildlife Department.
They will have a list of the requirements for becoming a wildlife rehabilitator. It’s common for the list to include specialized training regarding the animals you want to work with, exams to demonstrate proficiency, and possibly participation in a mentorship program.
2-4. Get your license.
Most states require wildlife rehabilitators to have a license issued by the Game and Wildlife Department. Make sure you have all of the qualifications before you apply for the license. Some of the requirements may include:
Veterinarian training, or a period of apprenticeship working in a wildlife rehabilitation center
Passing a wildlife rehabilitation exam for the species you will deal with
Completed application
3. Working as a Rehabilitator
3-1. Find a job.
Keep in mind it might take a while, and it might not be full-time. You can search one database here for possibilities:https://www.nwrawildlife.org/networking/ Hopefully you’ve been able to network and meet enough people during the time you were volunteering and training that you have a group of people in the field that know you. Keep up with these people as you look for a job. If you want to work at one particular location, keep in contact with them until they have an opening, and always let them know that you are ready to help at any time.
3-2. Work hard rehabilitating wildlife.
Most wildlife rehabilitators work closely with a veterinarian to care for wild animals in their care. As a wildlife rehabilitator, each day is likely to be different as you care for a variety of hurt and sick animals. You will be caring for traumatized or wounded animals, new babies whose parents cannot care for them, animals who are disabled in some way, all of whom are wild and undomesticated. Each case will require strong knowledge of animal behavior and biology as well as a medical expertise to make a diagnosis and create a treatment plan.
3-3. Keep up with the field.
Stay in touch with the other people in your network involved in wildlife rehabilitation. Take courses to stay current in your licensing. Read about the latest innovations and discoveries. Think about whether you want to stay in your current position, or if you want to change in the future -- perhaps to open your own center once you’re an experienced wildlife rehabilitator.
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{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:06",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Deciding to Become a Wildlife Rehabilitator\\n1-1. Get vaccinated.\\nBe prepared, because the rehabilitation center will ask you to get certain vaccinations, and provide the paperwork for them. A Rabies vaccine is a must.\\n1-2. Find a center where you can volunteer.\\nSearch for centers in your area at: http://www.owra.org/find-a-wildlife-rehabilitator If you can’t locate any on that site, call your state Game and Wildlife Commission for a list of rehabilitators in your state. The \\\"busy season\\\" for wildlife centers starts in the spring. This is when baby animals are born, and the boom continues through the summer. Most places have limited acceptance periods, so they can have a trained staff on hand for spring. Think about volunteering at a couple different places to see which kinds of animals you’d like to work with.\\n1-3. Volunteer at a wildlife rehabilitation center.\\nYour experience might include doing office work, helping to fundraise, or assisting with some of the animal care. At first, you will not be doing much with animals, but you might be helping to prepare food or ready or clean cages or bedding. As you get more experience, you might be able to do more hands-on work with the animals. You will need to meet these basic criteria before beginning:\\nBe 18 or older\\nFill out a volunteer form for the center\\nHave enough time to do a shift per week, minimum (usually 4 hours)\\nParticipate in annual trainings\\nBe willing and able to transport injured animals\\n1-4. Do an informational interview with a wildlife rehabilitator.\\nYou might think that you want to train to be a wildlife rehabilitator, but it might be different than you imagine. Ask a wildlife rehabilitator if you can interview him or her to get a sense of what they actually do every day. Some sample questions might be:\\nWhat does a typical day look like?\\nHow did you get into wildlife rehabilitation?\\nWhat is the most difficult part of your job?\\nWhat kinds of suggestions do you have for me?\\n1-5. Decide where you want to work eventually.\\nDo you want to try and get a job at one of the centers where you have volunteered? Talk to them to see if they are planning to hire any time soon. Are you planning to do a broad search? You can search internationally here Do you want to start your own rehabilitation center? How will you do that? If you want your own center, where will you get the money to purchase and build the facility? Make sure you are prepared for what your job prospects might be.\\n2. Getting Training and Permits\\n2-1. Get a college degree in biology or ecology.\\nEven though for some positions a college degree is not required, it is for most. A major in a biology-related field, including coursework on mammalogy, ornithology, animal behavior, and ecology would be the best preparation for becoming a wildlife rehabilitator. These courses would give you a background in the way animals function and their environment.\\n2-2. Approach the head of your facility for an apprenticeship or internship.\\nThis is a year(or more) in which your hours are carefully documented and cataloged, followed by a test. Most states will require this time period before you are able to be licensed.\\n2-3. Check with your state’s Game and Wildlife Department.\\nThey will have a list of the requirements for becoming a wildlife rehabilitator. It’s common for the list to include specialized training regarding the animals you want to work with, exams to demonstrate proficiency, and possibly participation in a mentorship program.\\n2-4. Get your license.\\nMost states require wildlife rehabilitators to have a license issued by the Game and Wildlife Department. Make sure you have all of the qualifications before you apply for the license. Some of the requirements may include:\\nVeterinarian training, or a period of apprenticeship working in a wildlife rehabilitation center\\nPassing a wildlife rehabilitation exam for the species you will deal with\\nCompleted application\\n3. Working as a Rehabilitator\\n3-1. Find a job.\\nKeep in mind it might take a while, and it might not be full-time. You can search one database here for possibilities:https://www.nwrawildlife.org/networking/ Hopefully you’ve been able to network and meet enough people during the time you were volunteering and training that you have a group of people in the field that know you. Keep up with these people as you look for a job. If you want to work at one particular location, keep in contact with them until they have an opening, and always let them know that you are ready to help at any time.\\n3-2. Work hard rehabilitating wildlife.\\nMost wildlife rehabilitators work closely with a veterinarian to care for wild animals in their care. As a wildlife rehabilitator, each day is likely to be different as you care for a variety of hurt and sick animals. You will be caring for traumatized or wounded animals, new babies whose parents cannot care for them, animals who are disabled in some way, all of whom are wild and undomesticated. Each case will require strong knowledge of animal behavior and biology as well as a medical expertise to make a diagnosis and create a treatment plan.\\n3-3. Keep up with the field.\\nStay in touch with the other people in your network involved in wildlife rehabilitation. Take courses to stay current in your licensing. Read about the latest innovations and discoveries. Think about whether you want to stay in your current position, or if you want to change in the future -- perhaps to open your own center once you’re an experienced wildlife rehabilitator.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Wild animals that are hurt or sick need care, just like any other animal. Some veterinarians specialize in this kind of work, but the main group of people responsible for healing wild animals are wildlife rehabilitators. Becoming a wildlife rehabilitator can take a long time -- you will need to be properly trained and licensed to work with wild animals -- but can be a very rewarding career.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Deciding to Become a Wildlife Rehabilitator\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get vaccinated.\", \"描述\": \"Be prepared, because the rehabilitation center will ask you to get certain vaccinations, and provide the paperwork for them. A Rabies vaccine is a must.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find a center where you can volunteer.\", \"描述\": \"Search for centers in your area at: http://www.owra.org/find-a-wildlife-rehabilitator If you can’t locate any on that site, call your state Game and Wildlife Commission for a list of rehabilitators in your state. The \\\"busy season\\\" for wildlife centers starts in the spring. This is when baby animals are born, and the boom continues through the summer. Most places have limited acceptance periods, so they can have a trained staff on hand for spring. Think about volunteering at a couple different places to see which kinds of animals you’d like to work with.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Volunteer at a wildlife rehabilitation center.\", \"描述\": \"Your experience might include doing office work, helping to fundraise, or assisting with some of the animal care. At first, you will not be doing much with animals, but you might be helping to prepare food or ready or clean cages or bedding. As you get more experience, you might be able to do more hands-on work with the animals. You will need to meet these basic criteria before beginning:\\nBe 18 or older\\nFill out a volunteer form for the center\\nHave enough time to do a shift per week, minimum (usually 4 hours)\\nParticipate in annual trainings\\nBe willing and able to transport injured animals\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Do an informational interview with a wildlife rehabilitator.\", \"描述\": \"You might think that you want to train to be a wildlife rehabilitator, but it might be different than you imagine. Ask a wildlife rehabilitator if you can interview him or her to get a sense of what they actually do every day. Some sample questions might be:\\nWhat does a typical day look like?\\nHow did you get into wildlife rehabilitation?\\nWhat is the most difficult part of your job?\\nWhat kinds of suggestions do you have for me?\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Decide where you want to work eventually.\", \"描述\": \"Do you want to try and get a job at one of the centers where you have volunteered? Talk to them to see if they are planning to hire any time soon. Are you planning to do a broad search? You can search internationally here Do you want to start your own rehabilitation center? How will you do that? If you want your own center, where will you get the money to purchase and build the facility? Make sure you are prepared for what your job prospects might be.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Training and Permits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a college degree in biology or ecology.\", \"描述\": \"Even though for some positions a college degree is not required, it is for most. A major in a biology-related field, including coursework on mammalogy, ornithology, animal behavior, and ecology would be the best preparation for becoming a wildlife rehabilitator. These courses would give you a background in the way animals function and their environment.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Approach the head of your facility for an apprenticeship or internship.\", \"描述\": \"This is a year(or more) in which your hours are carefully documented and cataloged, followed by a test. Most states will require this time period before you are able to be licensed.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check with your state’s Game and Wildlife Department.\", \"描述\": \"They will have a list of the requirements for becoming a wildlife rehabilitator. It’s common for the list to include specialized training regarding the animals you want to work with, exams to demonstrate proficiency, and possibly participation in a mentorship program.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get your license.\", \"描述\": \"Most states require wildlife rehabilitators to have a license issued by the Game and Wildlife Department. Make sure you have all of the qualifications before you apply for the license. Some of the requirements may include:\\nVeterinarian training, or a period of apprenticeship working in a wildlife rehabilitation center\\nPassing a wildlife rehabilitation exam for the species you will deal with\\nCompleted application\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Working as a Rehabilitator\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find a job.\", \"描述\": \"Keep in mind it might take a while, and it might not be full-time. You can search one database here for possibilities:https://www.nwrawildlife.org/networking/ Hopefully you’ve been able to network and meet enough people during the time you were volunteering and training that you have a group of people in the field that know you. Keep up with these people as you look for a job. If you want to work at one particular location, keep in contact with them until they have an opening, and always let them know that you are ready to help at any time.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Work hard rehabilitating wildlife.\", \"描述\": \"Most wildlife rehabilitators work closely with a veterinarian to care for wild animals in their care. As a wildlife rehabilitator, each day is likely to be different as you care for a variety of hurt and sick animals. You will be caring for traumatized or wounded animals, new babies whose parents cannot care for them, animals who are disabled in some way, all of whom are wild and undomesticated. Each case will require strong knowledge of animal behavior and biology as well as a medical expertise to make a diagnosis and create a treatment plan.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep up with the field.\", \"描述\": \"Stay in touch with the other people in your network involved in wildlife rehabilitation. Take courses to stay current in your licensing. Read about the latest innovations and discoveries. Think about whether you want to stay in your current position, or if you want to change in the future -- perhaps to open your own center once you’re an experienced wildlife rehabilitator.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,890 |
How to Become a Wine Connoisseur
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1. Building Your Wine Know-How
1-1. Drink wine with the 4 S's in mind.
Even if you don't know much about wine, you probably know that there's a certain way you're supposed to drink it. Truly, you can drink it however you want – but to get the most out of its aroma and taste, a legitimate art has been formed. Here are the basics in four steps:
See it. Examine the color. If it's older, a white will be darker and a red will be lighter (by and large). The color can also tell you a bit about the aging processed use. A Chardonnay, for example, will be more golden if aged in oak barrels.
Swirl it. Coat the sides of the glass by swirling the wine around gently. This releases the aroma, helping you truly taste what's in front of you.
Smell it. If it's white, look for citrus-y or tropical notes, like lemon and lime, or even melon. You may also be able to detect vanilla or oak. Generally speaking, cooler places produce more citrus-y, tangy wines. If it's red, look for berry or plum scents. Cooler places will fall on the red berry side of the spectrum (like strawberry and cherry), while warmer places will showcase darker scents, like blackberry or plum. You'll also find coffee, smoke, and chocolate as major contenders.
Sip it. This will be a combination of taste and smell. As you sip it, simply ask yourself whether or not you like it. Then you can move onto why.
1-2. Know your tannins and terroir.
Oenophiles and connoisseurs will throw around the term "tannin." This is a textural element of wine that makes it "dry." Try a very "dry" wine, and you'll get the sense for what this word means (obviously any liquid isn't actually dry). Tannins are naturally occurring in grapes (and bark and wood and leaves, actually) and they add a bitterness, astringency, and complexity to a wine's flavor. For the record, this applies mostly to red wines.
"Terroir" is basically the wine's background – the climate and soil type of where it was grown, the topography, and what other plants were growing in the area. This largely influences the grapes. After all, some wines (American) are bottled by grape, sure, but others (European) are bottled just by region. Terroir is what makes a wine, well, itself.
1-3. Get your temperatures right.
Each type of wine should be served at a slightly different temperature for its best taste to surface. Here's what you should know before you throw that wine-tasting gala and invite all your friends over to your house:
Red wine should be served between 59–64 °F (15–18 °C)
Pink or rosé wines should be served slightly chilled around 44–55 °F (7–13 °C)
White wine and sparkling wine should be kept in the wine fridge between 43–50 °F (6–10 °C)
After that wonderful wine-tasting party, make sure to drink light wines (less alcohol, around 11%) 3 days after opening. Bolder wines are fine for consumption up to a week.
1-4. Use the right glass.
Each type of wine does best in a certain size and shape of glass to open up their aroma to the fullest. To do your wine justice, put it in the right glass:
A standard wine glass will do well for most reds. A Cabernet Sauvignon should have a slightly taller, narrower bowl, and make sure your Pinot Noir pour is just an ounce or two.
White wines are also good in standard glasses – but Chardonnay needs a slightly wider brim.
A Port needs to be in a large flute; Madeira should be in a large hock glass; Sherry is best in a narrow martini-esque glass.
Vintage sparkling wines are best in a coupe, tulip, or flute.
1-5. Know how to hold the glass, too.
You will never be mistaken for a wine connoisseur if you're holding your glass incorrectly. To look like an expert, holding and swilling wine like it's your job, make sure to hold the glass by its stem. This goes double for white wines that are chilled – you don't want the heat of your hands warming the bowl, altering the taste.
To swirl the wine around the bowl, rotate at your wrist, not your entire arm. The smell of the wine will then fill the bowl of the glass, opening up its flavor profile.
1-6. Familiarize yourself with how to describe a wine's aroma.
Being a wine connoisseur is mainly about being able to describe what you're tasting and recognize what's happening on your palette. To get at a wine's aroma, there are generally five categories: fruity, mineral, dairy and nutty, sweet and wooden, and spicy and savory. Here's what "flavors" fall under each:
Fruity. Pretty much any fruit, including the aroma of jam
Mineral. Flint, stones, earthen, gasoline
Dairy and nutty. Butter, cream, yeast, bread, toast, grilled nuts, biscuits, almonds
Sweet and wooden. Chocolate, toffee, butterscotch, honey, vanilla, oak, and cedar
Spicy and savory. Tobacco, smoke, licorice, pepper, truffles, bacon, coffee, cinnamon
2. Cultivating a Taste
2-1. Go to a wine shop and ask the staff for recommendations.
Look for bottles of wine with write-ups near them, award citations and high magazine ratings. Try to go when you know the store is holding a tasting with samples – for many, this is on Saturday mornings. Pick the staff's brains – what are their favorites and why?
Come in with a meal plan in mind. That way you can buy wines that match the taste of the food you're serving and start exploring combinations. As a rule of thumb, red wines go with red meat; white wines go with white meat. And champagne goes with just about everything, but master the basics first.
2-2. Attend a local wine tasting or a wine appreciation class.
These are held at adult schools, wine-making schools, wineries, and fine restaurants. Don't feel intimidated – many people who think they can distinguish between a $2 bottle of dirt and a nice vintage often can't.
If you visit a winery, make time to go in for more than just the tasting. You'll learn how wine is made, see how the grapes are grown and be taught the proper procedure for drinking wine.
2-3. Join a wine group.
Wine is trendy. There are wine bars, wine stores, wine newsletters, and even wine podcasts. Finding a group of wine-lovers in your area is probably much easier than you think it is. Finding like-minded people who have connections and know what's going on in the area is the first step to developing your expertise.
Most groups have individuals at all levels – from those that want to buy their own winery to those who just like drinking wine. There will be a place for you in yours.
2-4. Have an informal tasting at home, a friend's house, or a BYOB restaurant where each person brings a different bottle of wine.
This way you can taste a bunch of different things without spending a lot of money. And, not to mention, you get a great deal of wine experience (and wine!).
Make sure you have palette cleansers to munch on or drink between sips. Stick to bland crackers (like water crackers) or bread (a plain french loaf; nothing grainy) and water. Graber olives and rare roast beef are also sometimes used. Stay away from cheeses and fruits that are normally served with wines, as those will mask the true flavor of each.
2-5. Buy a notebook (or get the app for that).
Now that you're about to be fully immersed in the wide world of wines, get something to remember your experiences with. This could be as simple as a notebook and pen or an app on your phone (search for "wine diary" or something similar). This way you remember which bottles you love, which you hate, and the characteristics of each wine you run across.
Some websites like Cellartracker are community based. You can then share and compare notes with other oenophiles and dive head-first into the cyber wine-loving community, too.
3. Developing Your Palette
3-1. Start exploring wine varieties.
Many people start with a fruity white white that is subtle in flavor and some happen to stop there. You probably have a couple of wines that you know are safe – so start branching out! Move onto rose wines, and start busting into reds with a vengeance. Even if you don't like it, now you know if you like it or not.
Not only should you switch up varieties, but switch up brands and years, too. Just because you dislike one producer's Chardonnay doesn't mean you won't like another's. Every wine is unique – and it can depend on your mood, too.
3-2. Find your "Aha!
. Plenty of people spend years in the realm of, "Oh, I don't really care for robust reds," or "Moscato is just too sweet," and their expertise and understanding stops there. And then bam – an "aha" wine hits. It's that wine where you can actually taste the cedar, or the smoke, or the chocolate. All of a sudden, you get it. And how do you find your "aha" wine? Trial and error.
And an "aha" wine doesn't have to be good or, rather, one you enjoy. It simply has to be one where all of a sudden your palette gets it. It can sort out the variety of aromas in a single glass and knows what it likes and dislikes and better yet, why.
3-3. Start researching.
Now that you've got your feet wet, start going outside of your own circle for information. Read books and blogs on wine. Try The New Sotheby’s Wine Encyclopedia by Tom Stevenson or wineeducation.com, where you can even take quizzes on your growing wine knowledge. Purchase wine guides. Subscribe to wine magazines. The possibilities are almost endless.
Subscribe to free, informative online wine newsletters. Do a quick Google search for reputable websites that are devoted to building a community of wine lovers.
GrapeRadio is a podcast devoted to wine – even in the midst of rush hour, you could be honing your skills.
3-4. Get bolder and bolder.
So you've got the taste of a Pinot Grigio down. You know the difference between a good Merlot and a good Cabernet. But there's so much more to it than that. You've done the basics, so let's get bold. Here's a few to try:
Syrah / Shiraz
Malbec
Petite Sirah
Mourvedre / Monastrell
Touriga Nacional
Cabernet Sauvignon
Petit Verdot
4. Becoming a True Connoisseur
4-1. Start widening your "wine-describing" vocabulary.
The difference between someone who loves wine and someone who is a wine connoisseur is largely the fact that they can confidently talk about it to others (and accurately, to boot). Here's a few goals to hit when describing your next few glasses:
You can name more than 2 fruits as flavors in the wine
You can name more than 3 other characteristics such as cinnamon, oregano, roses, chalk or baking spices
The palate of the wine changes from the moment you taste it to the moment you swallow, and you can identify how
4-2. Try sparkling wines, ice wines and dessert wines.
You've gone bold, now let's go a bit off the main path: try other wines, like sparkling, dessert, and ice wines (ice wines are made from grapes that have experienced a frost). They're not the wines you'll be experiencing with a main course at a 5-star restaurant, but they're important nonetheless.
Experience wines from a variety of countries and various locales, such as a New Zealand and British wines, or wines from South Dakota and Idaho. Don't just stick to Californian wines or European wines – even when it comes to sweet, dessert wines.
4-3. Learn about different grape varieties.
Traditionally fine wine was made from mainly French grape varieties, but now a much wider range of grape varieties are being used. Wineries are popping up all over the place, and the "terroir" of your average grape is changing. How do you feel about each region and variety?
France, Italy, Spain, China,Turkey, and the US are the main producers of wine (though they are by no means the only), and each have specific varieties of grapes that are able to grown in their respective regions. Because of this, wines from different areas of the world will taste different. What's your take on them?
4-4. Go back to the basics.
Now that you're a world traveler when it comes to wine, go back to the very first wines you tried. There will be such difference you'll wonder who the person was that tasted it originally, or how it's possible the wine has completely morphed – but it's undeniable that it has. Take that basic Chardonnay that's been sitting in your cupboard and take a sip, basking in your progress.
It'll become evident to you how much your palette has changed. It'll also become evident which wines you love and which you won't even bother trying anymore. For a real challenge, get blind taste-testing glasses and see if you remain consistent.
4-5. Look for a wine school in your area.
Most host courses or tastings, offering you some sort of "certificate" or "accreditation" upon finishing. Local adult schools and restaurants also hold wine appreciation classes. When people ask if you know wine, you can mention that you've even studied it.
Though, for the record, just like anything else, you don't need school to become a connoisseur. It's just an easy way to prove that you know your stuff.
4-6. Take the Court of Masters test.
In America, to be a master sommelier, you need to take the Court of Masters test. There's a course you can take (you have to apply), though you can take the test without taking the course. This is as high as you can get in the wine world – and it comes with quite the badge of respect.
They also offer international courses. Currently there are only 140 Master Sommeliers in North America. Ready to be the next?
Tips
Pair wine with a meal, while tasting the wine and eating your meal be aware of the experience and write down the greatest pairing
Make wine inexpensively at home. There are starter kits at home brew supply stores or online; you learn about gravity, yeast, fermentation stages, clarification, and adjust yeast and flavorings such as oak. Wine's taste changes most quickly in the first few months of fermentation.
If you get the chance, spend time in a region well known for its wine, such as the Bordeaux region of France. You will find excellent wines at low prices and benefit from the local culture of wine appreciation.
Warnings
Don't be afraid to get started. No one was born knowing all about wine; jump right in and get your feet wet.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:06",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Building Your Wine Know-How\\n1-1. Drink wine with the 4 S's in mind.\\nEven if you don't know much about wine, you probably know that there's a certain way you're supposed to drink it. Truly, you can drink it however you want – but to get the most out of its aroma and taste, a legitimate art has been formed. Here are the basics in four steps:\\n\\nSee it. Examine the color. If it's older, a white will be darker and a red will be lighter (by and large). The color can also tell you a bit about the aging processed use. A Chardonnay, for example, will be more golden if aged in oak barrels.\\nSwirl it. Coat the sides of the glass by swirling the wine around gently. This releases the aroma, helping you truly taste what's in front of you.\\nSmell it. If it's white, look for citrus-y or tropical notes, like lemon and lime, or even melon. You may also be able to detect vanilla or oak. Generally speaking, cooler places produce more citrus-y, tangy wines. If it's red, look for berry or plum scents. Cooler places will fall on the red berry side of the spectrum (like strawberry and cherry), while warmer places will showcase darker scents, like blackberry or plum. You'll also find coffee, smoke, and chocolate as major contenders.\\nSip it. This will be a combination of taste and smell. As you sip it, simply ask yourself whether or not you like it. Then you can move onto why.\\n1-2. Know your tannins and terroir.\\nOenophiles and connoisseurs will throw around the term \\\"tannin.\\\" This is a textural element of wine that makes it \\\"dry.\\\" Try a very \\\"dry\\\" wine, and you'll get the sense for what this word means (obviously any liquid isn't actually dry). Tannins are naturally occurring in grapes (and bark and wood and leaves, actually) and they add a bitterness, astringency, and complexity to a wine's flavor. For the record, this applies mostly to red wines.\\n\\\"Terroir\\\" is basically the wine's background – the climate and soil type of where it was grown, the topography, and what other plants were growing in the area. This largely influences the grapes. After all, some wines (American) are bottled by grape, sure, but others (European) are bottled just by region. Terroir is what makes a wine, well, itself.\\n1-3. Get your temperatures right.\\nEach type of wine should be served at a slightly different temperature for its best taste to surface. Here's what you should know before you throw that wine-tasting gala and invite all your friends over to your house:\\nRed wine should be served between 59–64 °F (15–18 °C)\\nPink or rosé wines should be served slightly chilled around 44–55 °F (7–13 °C)\\nWhite wine and sparkling wine should be kept in the wine fridge between 43–50 °F (6–10 °C)\\nAfter that wonderful wine-tasting party, make sure to drink light wines (less alcohol, around 11%) 3 days after opening. Bolder wines are fine for consumption up to a week.\\n1-4. Use the right glass.\\nEach type of wine does best in a certain size and shape of glass to open up their aroma to the fullest. To do your wine justice, put it in the right glass:\\nA standard wine glass will do well for most reds. A Cabernet Sauvignon should have a slightly taller, narrower bowl, and make sure your Pinot Noir pour is just an ounce or two.\\nWhite wines are also good in standard glasses – but Chardonnay needs a slightly wider brim.\\nA Port needs to be in a large flute; Madeira should be in a large hock glass; Sherry is best in a narrow martini-esque glass.\\nVintage sparkling wines are best in a coupe, tulip, or flute.\\n1-5. Know how to hold the glass, too.\\nYou will never be mistaken for a wine connoisseur if you're holding your glass incorrectly. To look like an expert, holding and swilling wine like it's your job, make sure to hold the glass by its stem. This goes double for white wines that are chilled – you don't want the heat of your hands warming the bowl, altering the taste.\\nTo swirl the wine around the bowl, rotate at your wrist, not your entire arm. The smell of the wine will then fill the bowl of the glass, opening up its flavor profile.\\n1-6. Familiarize yourself with how to describe a wine's aroma.\\nBeing a wine connoisseur is mainly about being able to describe what you're tasting and recognize what's happening on your palette. To get at a wine's aroma, there are generally five categories: fruity, mineral, dairy and nutty, sweet and wooden, and spicy and savory. Here's what \\\"flavors\\\" fall under each:\\nFruity. Pretty much any fruit, including the aroma of jam\\nMineral. Flint, stones, earthen, gasoline\\nDairy and nutty. Butter, cream, yeast, bread, toast, grilled nuts, biscuits, almonds\\nSweet and wooden. Chocolate, toffee, butterscotch, honey, vanilla, oak, and cedar\\nSpicy and savory. Tobacco, smoke, licorice, pepper, truffles, bacon, coffee, cinnamon\\n2. Cultivating a Taste\\n2-1. Go to a wine shop and ask the staff for recommendations.\\nLook for bottles of wine with write-ups near them, award citations and high magazine ratings. Try to go when you know the store is holding a tasting with samples – for many, this is on Saturday mornings. Pick the staff's brains – what are their favorites and why?\\nCome in with a meal plan in mind. That way you can buy wines that match the taste of the food you're serving and start exploring combinations. As a rule of thumb, red wines go with red meat; white wines go with white meat. And champagne goes with just about everything, but master the basics first.\\n2-2. Attend a local wine tasting or a wine appreciation class.\\nThese are held at adult schools, wine-making schools, wineries, and fine restaurants. Don't feel intimidated – many people who think they can distinguish between a $2 bottle of dirt and a nice vintage often can't.\\nIf you visit a winery, make time to go in for more than just the tasting. You'll learn how wine is made, see how the grapes are grown and be taught the proper procedure for drinking wine.\\n2-3. Join a wine group.\\nWine is trendy. There are wine bars, wine stores, wine newsletters, and even wine podcasts. Finding a group of wine-lovers in your area is probably much easier than you think it is. Finding like-minded people who have connections and know what's going on in the area is the first step to developing your expertise.\\nMost groups have individuals at all levels – from those that want to buy their own winery to those who just like drinking wine. There will be a place for you in yours.\\n2-4. Have an informal tasting at home, a friend's house, or a BYOB restaurant where each person brings a different bottle of wine.\\nThis way you can taste a bunch of different things without spending a lot of money. And, not to mention, you get a great deal of wine experience (and wine!).\\nMake sure you have palette cleansers to munch on or drink between sips. Stick to bland crackers (like water crackers) or bread (a plain french loaf; nothing grainy) and water. Graber olives and rare roast beef are also sometimes used. Stay away from cheeses and fruits that are normally served with wines, as those will mask the true flavor of each.\\n2-5. Buy a notebook (or get the app for that).\\nNow that you're about to be fully immersed in the wide world of wines, get something to remember your experiences with. This could be as simple as a notebook and pen or an app on your phone (search for \\\"wine diary\\\" or something similar). This way you remember which bottles you love, which you hate, and the characteristics of each wine you run across.\\nSome websites like Cellartracker are community based. You can then share and compare notes with other oenophiles and dive head-first into the cyber wine-loving community, too.\\n3. Developing Your Palette\\n3-1. Start exploring wine varieties.\\nMany people start with a fruity white white that is subtle in flavor and some happen to stop there. You probably have a couple of wines that you know are safe – so start branching out! Move onto rose wines, and start busting into reds with a vengeance. Even if you don't like it, now you know if you like it or not.\\nNot only should you switch up varieties, but switch up brands and years, too. Just because you dislike one producer's Chardonnay doesn't mean you won't like another's. Every wine is unique – and it can depend on your mood, too.\\n3-2. Find your \\\"Aha!\\n. Plenty of people spend years in the realm of, \\\"Oh, I don't really care for robust reds,\\\" or \\\"Moscato is just too sweet,\\\" and their expertise and understanding stops there. And then bam – an \\\"aha\\\" wine hits. It's that wine where you can actually taste the cedar, or the smoke, or the chocolate. All of a sudden, you get it. And how do you find your \\\"aha\\\" wine? Trial and error.\\nAnd an \\\"aha\\\" wine doesn't have to be good or, rather, one you enjoy. It simply has to be one where all of a sudden your palette gets it. It can sort out the variety of aromas in a single glass and knows what it likes and dislikes and better yet, why.\\n3-3. Start researching.\\nNow that you've got your feet wet, start going outside of your own circle for information. Read books and blogs on wine. Try The New Sotheby’s Wine Encyclopedia by Tom Stevenson or wineeducation.com, where you can even take quizzes on your growing wine knowledge. Purchase wine guides. Subscribe to wine magazines. The possibilities are almost endless.\\nSubscribe to free, informative online wine newsletters. Do a quick Google search for reputable websites that are devoted to building a community of wine lovers.\\nGrapeRadio is a podcast devoted to wine – even in the midst of rush hour, you could be honing your skills.\\n3-4. Get bolder and bolder.\\nSo you've got the taste of a Pinot Grigio down. You know the difference between a good Merlot and a good Cabernet. But there's so much more to it than that. You've done the basics, so let's get bold. Here's a few to try:\\nSyrah / Shiraz\\nMalbec\\nPetite Sirah\\nMourvedre / Monastrell\\nTouriga Nacional\\nCabernet Sauvignon\\nPetit Verdot\\n4. Becoming a True Connoisseur\\n4-1. Start widening your \\\"wine-describing\\\" vocabulary.\\nThe difference between someone who loves wine and someone who is a wine connoisseur is largely the fact that they can confidently talk about it to others (and accurately, to boot). Here's a few goals to hit when describing your next few glasses: \\nYou can name more than 2 fruits as flavors in the wine\\nYou can name more than 3 other characteristics such as cinnamon, oregano, roses, chalk or baking spices\\nThe palate of the wine changes from the moment you taste it to the moment you swallow, and you can identify how\\n4-2. Try sparkling wines, ice wines and dessert wines.\\nYou've gone bold, now let's go a bit off the main path: try other wines, like sparkling, dessert, and ice wines (ice wines are made from grapes that have experienced a frost). They're not the wines you'll be experiencing with a main course at a 5-star restaurant, but they're important nonetheless.\\nExperience wines from a variety of countries and various locales, such as a New Zealand and British wines, or wines from South Dakota and Idaho. Don't just stick to Californian wines or European wines – even when it comes to sweet, dessert wines.\\n4-3. Learn about different grape varieties.\\nTraditionally fine wine was made from mainly French grape varieties, but now a much wider range of grape varieties are being used. Wineries are popping up all over the place, and the \\\"terroir\\\" of your average grape is changing. How do you feel about each region and variety?\\nFrance, Italy, Spain, China,Turkey, and the US are the main producers of wine (though they are by no means the only), and each have specific varieties of grapes that are able to grown in their respective regions. Because of this, wines from different areas of the world will taste different. What's your take on them?\\n4-4. Go back to the basics.\\nNow that you're a world traveler when it comes to wine, go back to the very first wines you tried. There will be such difference you'll wonder who the person was that tasted it originally, or how it's possible the wine has completely morphed – but it's undeniable that it has. Take that basic Chardonnay that's been sitting in your cupboard and take a sip, basking in your progress.\\nIt'll become evident to you how much your palette has changed. It'll also become evident which wines you love and which you won't even bother trying anymore. For a real challenge, get blind taste-testing glasses and see if you remain consistent.\\n4-5. Look for a wine school in your area.\\nMost host courses or tastings, offering you some sort of \\\"certificate\\\" or \\\"accreditation\\\" upon finishing. Local adult schools and restaurants also hold wine appreciation classes. When people ask if you know wine, you can mention that you've even studied it.\\nThough, for the record, just like anything else, you don't need school to become a connoisseur. It's just an easy way to prove that you know your stuff.\\n4-6. Take the Court of Masters test.\\nIn America, to be a master sommelier, you need to take the Court of Masters test. There's a course you can take (you have to apply), though you can take the test without taking the course. This is as high as you can get in the wine world – and it comes with quite the badge of respect.\\nThey also offer international courses. Currently there are only 140 Master Sommeliers in North America. Ready to be the next?\\nTips\\nPair wine with a meal, while tasting the wine and eating your meal be aware of the experience and write down the greatest pairing\\nMake wine inexpensively at home. There are starter kits at home brew supply stores or online; you learn about gravity, yeast, fermentation stages, clarification, and adjust yeast and flavorings such as oak. Wine's taste changes most quickly in the first few months of fermentation.\\nIf you get the chance, spend time in a region well known for its wine, such as the Bordeaux region of France. You will find excellent wines at low prices and benefit from the local culture of wine appreciation.\\nWarnings\\nDon't be afraid to get started. No one was born knowing all about wine; jump right in and get your feet wet.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you're an oenophile (a lover of wine), you're probably wondering what's keeping you from becoming a true connoisseur. Luckily, you don't have to be a wine-maker or have a basement cellar in order to appreciate fine wine. With a notebook and a few bottles handy, you'll be well on your way.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Building Your Wine Know-How\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Drink wine with the 4 S's in mind.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you don't know much about wine, you probably know that there's a certain way you're supposed to drink it. Truly, you can drink it however you want – but to get the most out of its aroma and taste, a legitimate art has been formed. Here are the basics in four steps:\\n\\nSee it. Examine the color. If it's older, a white will be darker and a red will be lighter (by and large). The color can also tell you a bit about the aging processed use. A Chardonnay, for example, will be more golden if aged in oak barrels.\\nSwirl it. Coat the sides of the glass by swirling the wine around gently. This releases the aroma, helping you truly taste what's in front of you.\\nSmell it. If it's white, look for citrus-y or tropical notes, like lemon and lime, or even melon. You may also be able to detect vanilla or oak. Generally speaking, cooler places produce more citrus-y, tangy wines. If it's red, look for berry or plum scents. Cooler places will fall on the red berry side of the spectrum (like strawberry and cherry), while warmer places will showcase darker scents, like blackberry or plum. You'll also find coffee, smoke, and chocolate as major contenders.\\nSip it. This will be a combination of taste and smell. As you sip it, simply ask yourself whether or not you like it. Then you can move onto why.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know your tannins and terroir.\", \"描述\": \"Oenophiles and connoisseurs will throw around the term \\\"tannin.\\\" This is a textural element of wine that makes it \\\"dry.\\\" Try a very \\\"dry\\\" wine, and you'll get the sense for what this word means (obviously any liquid isn't actually dry). Tannins are naturally occurring in grapes (and bark and wood and leaves, actually) and they add a bitterness, astringency, and complexity to a wine's flavor. For the record, this applies mostly to red wines.\\n\\\"Terroir\\\" is basically the wine's background – the climate and soil type of where it was grown, the topography, and what other plants were growing in the area. This largely influences the grapes. After all, some wines (American) are bottled by grape, sure, but others (European) are bottled just by region. Terroir is what makes a wine, well, itself.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get your temperatures right.\", \"描述\": \"Each type of wine should be served at a slightly different temperature for its best taste to surface. Here's what you should know before you throw that wine-tasting gala and invite all your friends over to your house:\\nRed wine should be served between 59–64 °F (15–18 °C)\\nPink or rosé wines should be served slightly chilled around 44–55 °F (7–13 °C)\\nWhite wine and sparkling wine should be kept in the wine fridge between 43–50 °F (6–10 °C)\\nAfter that wonderful wine-tasting party, make sure to drink light wines (less alcohol, around 11%) 3 days after opening. Bolder wines are fine for consumption up to a week.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use the right glass.\", \"描述\": \"Each type of wine does best in a certain size and shape of glass to open up their aroma to the fullest. To do your wine justice, put it in the right glass:\\nA standard wine glass will do well for most reds. A Cabernet Sauvignon should have a slightly taller, narrower bowl, and make sure your Pinot Noir pour is just an ounce or two.\\nWhite wines are also good in standard glasses – but Chardonnay needs a slightly wider brim.\\nA Port needs to be in a large flute; Madeira should be in a large hock glass; Sherry is best in a narrow martini-esque glass.\\nVintage sparkling wines are best in a coupe, tulip, or flute.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Know how to hold the glass, too.\", \"描述\": \"You will never be mistaken for a wine connoisseur if you're holding your glass incorrectly. To look like an expert, holding and swilling wine like it's your job, make sure to hold the glass by its stem. This goes double for white wines that are chilled – you don't want the heat of your hands warming the bowl, altering the taste.\\nTo swirl the wine around the bowl, rotate at your wrist, not your entire arm. The smell of the wine will then fill the bowl of the glass, opening up its flavor profile.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Familiarize yourself with how to describe a wine's aroma.\", \"描述\": \"Being a wine connoisseur is mainly about being able to describe what you're tasting and recognize what's happening on your palette. To get at a wine's aroma, there are generally five categories: fruity, mineral, dairy and nutty, sweet and wooden, and spicy and savory. Here's what \\\"flavors\\\" fall under each:\\nFruity. Pretty much any fruit, including the aroma of jam\\nMineral. Flint, stones, earthen, gasoline\\nDairy and nutty. Butter, cream, yeast, bread, toast, grilled nuts, biscuits, almonds\\nSweet and wooden. Chocolate, toffee, butterscotch, honey, vanilla, oak, and cedar\\nSpicy and savory. Tobacco, smoke, licorice, pepper, truffles, bacon, coffee, cinnamon\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Cultivating a Taste\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Go to a wine shop and ask the staff for recommendations.\", \"描述\": \"Look for bottles of wine with write-ups near them, award citations and high magazine ratings. Try to go when you know the store is holding a tasting with samples – for many, this is on Saturday mornings. Pick the staff's brains – what are their favorites and why?\\nCome in with a meal plan in mind. That way you can buy wines that match the taste of the food you're serving and start exploring combinations. As a rule of thumb, red wines go with red meat; white wines go with white meat. And champagne goes with just about everything, but master the basics first.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Attend a local wine tasting or a wine appreciation class.\", \"描述\": \"These are held at adult schools, wine-making schools, wineries, and fine restaurants. Don't feel intimidated – many people who think they can distinguish between a $2 bottle of dirt and a nice vintage often can't.\\nIf you visit a winery, make time to go in for more than just the tasting. You'll learn how wine is made, see how the grapes are grown and be taught the proper procedure for drinking wine.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Join a wine group.\", \"描述\": \"Wine is trendy. There are wine bars, wine stores, wine newsletters, and even wine podcasts. Finding a group of wine-lovers in your area is probably much easier than you think it is. Finding like-minded people who have connections and know what's going on in the area is the first step to developing your expertise.\\nMost groups have individuals at all levels – from those that want to buy their own winery to those who just like drinking wine. There will be a place for you in yours.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Have an informal tasting at home, a friend's house, or a BYOB restaurant where each person brings a different bottle of wine.\", \"描述\": \"This way you can taste a bunch of different things without spending a lot of money. And, not to mention, you get a great deal of wine experience (and wine!).\\nMake sure you have palette cleansers to munch on or drink between sips. Stick to bland crackers (like water crackers) or bread (a plain french loaf; nothing grainy) and water. Graber olives and rare roast beef are also sometimes used. Stay away from cheeses and fruits that are normally served with wines, as those will mask the true flavor of each.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Buy a notebook (or get the app for that).\", \"描述\": \"Now that you're about to be fully immersed in the wide world of wines, get something to remember your experiences with. This could be as simple as a notebook and pen or an app on your phone (search for \\\"wine diary\\\" or something similar). This way you remember which bottles you love, which you hate, and the characteristics of each wine you run across.\\nSome websites like Cellartracker are community based. You can then share and compare notes with other oenophiles and dive head-first into the cyber wine-loving community, too.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Developing Your Palette\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start exploring wine varieties.\", \"描述\": \"Many people start with a fruity white white that is subtle in flavor and some happen to stop there. You probably have a couple of wines that you know are safe – so start branching out! Move onto rose wines, and start busting into reds with a vengeance. Even if you don't like it, now you know if you like it or not.\\nNot only should you switch up varieties, but switch up brands and years, too. Just because you dislike one producer's Chardonnay doesn't mean you won't like another's. Every wine is unique – and it can depend on your mood, too.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find your \\\"Aha!\", \"描述\": \". Plenty of people spend years in the realm of, \\\"Oh, I don't really care for robust reds,\\\" or \\\"Moscato is just too sweet,\\\" and their expertise and understanding stops there. And then bam – an \\\"aha\\\" wine hits. It's that wine where you can actually taste the cedar, or the smoke, or the chocolate. All of a sudden, you get it. And how do you find your \\\"aha\\\" wine? Trial and error.\\nAnd an \\\"aha\\\" wine doesn't have to be good or, rather, one you enjoy. It simply has to be one where all of a sudden your palette gets it. It can sort out the variety of aromas in a single glass and knows what it likes and dislikes and better yet, why.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Start researching.\", \"描述\": \"Now that you've got your feet wet, start going outside of your own circle for information. Read books and blogs on wine. Try The New Sotheby’s Wine Encyclopedia by Tom Stevenson or wineeducation.com, where you can even take quizzes on your growing wine knowledge. Purchase wine guides. Subscribe to wine magazines. The possibilities are almost endless.\\nSubscribe to free, informative online wine newsletters. Do a quick Google search for reputable websites that are devoted to building a community of wine lovers.\\nGrapeRadio is a podcast devoted to wine – even in the midst of rush hour, you could be honing your skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get bolder and bolder.\", \"描述\": \"So you've got the taste of a Pinot Grigio down. You know the difference between a good Merlot and a good Cabernet. But there's so much more to it than that. You've done the basics, so let's get bold. Here's a few to try:\\nSyrah / Shiraz\\nMalbec\\nPetite Sirah\\nMourvedre / Monastrell\\nTouriga Nacional\\nCabernet Sauvignon\\nPetit Verdot\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Becoming a True Connoisseur\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start widening your \\\"wine-describing\\\" vocabulary.\", \"描述\": \"The difference between someone who loves wine and someone who is a wine connoisseur is largely the fact that they can confidently talk about it to others (and accurately, to boot). Here's a few goals to hit when describing your next few glasses: \\nYou can name more than 2 fruits as flavors in the wine\\nYou can name more than 3 other characteristics such as cinnamon, oregano, roses, chalk or baking spices\\nThe palate of the wine changes from the moment you taste it to the moment you swallow, and you can identify how\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try sparkling wines, ice wines and dessert wines.\", \"描述\": \"You've gone bold, now let's go a bit off the main path: try other wines, like sparkling, dessert, and ice wines (ice wines are made from grapes that have experienced a frost). They're not the wines you'll be experiencing with a main course at a 5-star restaurant, but they're important nonetheless.\\nExperience wines from a variety of countries and various locales, such as a New Zealand and British wines, or wines from South Dakota and Idaho. Don't just stick to Californian wines or European wines – even when it comes to sweet, dessert wines.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn about different grape varieties.\", \"描述\": \"Traditionally fine wine was made from mainly French grape varieties, but now a much wider range of grape varieties are being used. Wineries are popping up all over the place, and the \\\"terroir\\\" of your average grape is changing. How do you feel about each region and variety?\\nFrance, Italy, Spain, China,Turkey, and the US are the main producers of wine (though they are by no means the only), and each have specific varieties of grapes that are able to grown in their respective regions. Because of this, wines from different areas of the world will taste different. What's your take on them?\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Go back to the basics.\", \"描述\": \"Now that you're a world traveler when it comes to wine, go back to the very first wines you tried. There will be such difference you'll wonder who the person was that tasted it originally, or how it's possible the wine has completely morphed – but it's undeniable that it has. Take that basic Chardonnay that's been sitting in your cupboard and take a sip, basking in your progress.\\nIt'll become evident to you how much your palette has changed. It'll also become evident which wines you love and which you won't even bother trying anymore. For a real challenge, get blind taste-testing glasses and see if you remain consistent.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Look for a wine school in your area.\", \"描述\": \"Most host courses or tastings, offering you some sort of \\\"certificate\\\" or \\\"accreditation\\\" upon finishing. Local adult schools and restaurants also hold wine appreciation classes. When people ask if you know wine, you can mention that you've even studied it.\\nThough, for the record, just like anything else, you don't need school to become a connoisseur. It's just an easy way to prove that you know your stuff.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Take the Court of Masters test.\", \"描述\": \"In America, to be a master sommelier, you need to take the Court of Masters test. There's a course you can take (you have to apply), though you can take the test without taking the course. This is as high as you can get in the wine world – and it comes with quite the badge of respect.\\nThey also offer international courses. Currently there are only 140 Master Sommeliers in North America. Ready to be the next?\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Pair wine with a meal, while tasting the wine and eating your meal be aware of the experience and write down the greatest pairing\\n\", \"Make wine inexpensively at home. There are starter kits at home brew supply stores or online; you learn about gravity, yeast, fermentation stages, clarification, and adjust yeast and flavorings such as oak. Wine's taste changes most quickly in the first few months of fermentation.\\n\", \"If you get the chance, spend time in a region well known for its wine, such as the Bordeaux region of France. You will find excellent wines at low prices and benefit from the local culture of wine appreciation.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't be afraid to get started. No one was born knowing all about wine; jump right in and get your feet wet.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,891 |
How to Become a Witch on Sims 2
|
1. Befriending a Witch
1-1. Make sure that you have the Apartment Life Expansion Pack installed.
1-2. Go to a community lot and look for a Sim with a pointy hat, with these colors:
White and Blue, Brown and Gold, or Black and Purple.
1-3. Become friends with the witch/warlock.
If you can't get to 50 Daily Relationship in one conversation, invite them to your house.
1-4. Keep them over there for a while.
Soon they will cast Magus Mutatio on your Sim.
Congratulations, you're a witch or a warlock!
2. Using a Cheat Code
2-1. Type in "boolprop testingcheatsenabled true" while in the neighborhood screen (type it in without the quotations).
2-2. SHIFT+CLICK on the the mailbox of the desired family.
2-3. Go to spawn 'NPC...'
Grand (depends on what alignment you want) Witch/warlock and click it.
2-4. When the witch spawns, shift-click her and press "MAKE SELECTABLE" then click your Sim (not shift-click) and go to 'cast spell...'
Magus Mutatio
Now your Sim is a witch/warlock!
Tips
If you chose the Good alignment, you can use one of the spells to make the weather and day brighter.
Casting spells can change your witch somewhat. For example, casting a good spell makes the witch less evil and more good. Casting a neutral spell makes them less evil and less good, while an evil spell makes a witch less good and more evil. If done enough times, the witch may shift alignments.
Warnings
Be careful about using boolprop, and be sure to turn it off if you are done with the cheat. Leaving it on can cause serious corruption to the game.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:07",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Befriending a Witch\\n1-1. Make sure that you have the Apartment Life Expansion Pack installed.\\n\\n1-2. Go to a community lot and look for a Sim with a pointy hat, with these colors:\\nWhite and Blue, Brown and Gold, or Black and Purple.\\n1-3. Become friends with the witch/warlock.\\nIf you can't get to 50 Daily Relationship in one conversation, invite them to your house.\\n1-4. Keep them over there for a while.\\nSoon they will cast Magus Mutatio on your Sim.\\nCongratulations, you're a witch or a warlock!\\n2. Using a Cheat Code\\n2-1. Type in \\\"boolprop testingcheatsenabled true\\\" while in the neighborhood screen (type it in without the quotations).\\n\\n2-2. SHIFT+CLICK on the the mailbox of the desired family.\\n\\n2-3. Go to spawn 'NPC...'\\nGrand (depends on what alignment you want) Witch/warlock and click it.\\n2-4. When the witch spawns, shift-click her and press \\\"MAKE SELECTABLE\\\" then click your Sim (not shift-click) and go to 'cast spell...'\\nMagus Mutatio\\nNow your Sim is a witch/warlock!\\nTips\\nIf you chose the Good alignment, you can use one of the spells to make the weather and day brighter.\\nCasting spells can change your witch somewhat. For example, casting a good spell makes the witch less evil and more good. Casting a neutral spell makes them less evil and less good, while an evil spell makes a witch less good and more evil. If done enough times, the witch may shift alignments.\\nWarnings\\nBe careful about using boolprop, and be sure to turn it off if you are done with the cheat. Leaving it on can cause serious corruption to the game.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Witches and Warlocks were paranormal Sims who followed with the new expansion pack \\\"Sims 2 - Apartment Life\\\". There are 3 type of witches/warlocks: Good witch/warlock, Dark witch/warlock, and Neutral witch/warlock.\\n\\nThis guide will teach you how to become a witch or warlock on the Sims 2. If you want to know how to do so, read on!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Befriending a Witch\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure that you have the Apartment Life Expansion Pack installed.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go to a community lot and look for a Sim with a pointy hat, with these colors:\", \"描述\": \"White and Blue, Brown and Gold, or Black and Purple.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Become friends with the witch/warlock.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't get to 50 Daily Relationship in one conversation, invite them to your house.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Keep them over there for a while.\", \"描述\": \"Soon they will cast Magus Mutatio on your Sim.\\nCongratulations, you're a witch or a warlock!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using a Cheat Code\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Type in \\\"boolprop testingcheatsenabled true\\\" while in the neighborhood screen (type it in without the quotations).\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"SHIFT+CLICK on the the mailbox of the desired family.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Go to spawn 'NPC...'\", \"描述\": \"Grand (depends on what alignment you want) Witch/warlock and click it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"When the witch spawns, shift-click her and press \\\"MAKE SELECTABLE\\\" then click your Sim (not shift-click) and go to 'cast spell...'\", \"描述\": \"Magus Mutatio\\nNow your Sim is a witch/warlock!\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you chose the Good alignment, you can use one of the spells to make the weather and day brighter.\\n\", \"Casting spells can change your witch somewhat. For example, casting a good spell makes the witch less evil and more good. Casting a neutral spell makes them less evil and less good, while an evil spell makes a witch less good and more evil. If done enough times, the witch may shift alignments.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Be careful about using boolprop, and be sure to turn it off if you are done with the cheat. Leaving it on can cause serious corruption to the game.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,892 |
How to Become a Writer
|
1. Becoming Inspired
1-1. Figure out what you want to write.
The large field of creative writing splits into subcategories (fiction, poetry, creative nonfiction) and there are even specialized genres (sci-fi, mysteries, experimental… the list goes on). Figure out what you want to write. Write what you would want to read. Your best writing will spring forth from something that you, and maybe only you, are passionate about. No one can write the way you write. When your passion is injected into your writing, your readers will, in turn, be interested. Your passion for your writing project is a powerful tool that will serve well as a starting point.
Remember that you don’t have to limit yourself to a single field. Many established writers spread out and explore—perhaps they write creative essays while publishing their creative non-fiction work. Maybe their short novels have poems inside of them. This field is so vast and interesting that you need to have a perfect taste for all of them. Don't stick to fiction, if you write fiction; you should also try non-fiction as well.
1-2. Set your routine.
Routine will help you. Establish a particular time of day, location, and atmosphere for your writing sessions. As you establish this routine, the creative side of your brain will become accustomed to working in these familiar conditions. Things to consider are…
Noise: some writers enjoy absolute quiet. It's similar to a musician practicing music in silence. Others will listen to music to jog their creative juices. Others will want the company of friends to bounce ideas.
Time: Some writers jot down thoughts just before they sleep. Early morning hours work well for others, as fewer people are awake to bother them. Other writers may enjoy being badgered, and therefore write in between coffee breaks or other work sessions. Other writers will like long periods of undisturbed writing time and dedicate their weekends to writing.
Location: establishing a particular building, room, or even a chair can help the writing process. This familiarity will train your brain to work creatively, or technically, to suit your goals. Some places give us the power to write; strange but true!
1-3. Read and learn.
Reread the things you have enjoyed and study them—figure out what makes them effective, what makes them work. Try to understand the structure of your favorite poem, or the evolution of the characters in your favorite novel. Find a sentence that you think is great, and wonder—why did that author choose that phrase? This word? What would you have done if you were in his place?
Do not limit yourself to single genres or fields. To truly enrich your writing experience, you must explore. You may not enjoy fantasy, but other people read and write fantasy for a reason. Read with this motto in mind: “I read to write. I read to learn. I read to be inspired.”
1-4. Be an explorer.
Notice things. Pay attention to the world around you. Look for mysteries and try to solve them. If you have questions, pursue the answers with obsessive interest. Take special note of the quirky and unusual. When writing, having noticed things will help give you something to write about. Moreover, it can help make your writing more compelling, richer, and more realistic. Observation is a necessary thing. Here are some pointers that will help you explore the world around you:
Nothing is ordinary or boring. There’s something odd or special about everyone and everything. Find what it is.
There’s a mystery in front of you: a TV that won’t turn on, a bird that won’t fly. Figure out how things work, don’t work, and why.
Pay attention to details. The leaves are not only green: they've got long, thin veins, rigid stems, and are shaped like spades. Change perspectives, and you'll learn.
Nature is an amazing source of inspiration. Just walk outside and appreciate the outdoors for a couple of minutes to try to get some inspiration.
If you have the means to travel, go somewhere that you've never been before and do something you've never done before, as that might also help inspire you.
1-5. Keep a journal.
Write down things that you notice or that inspire you. Take it everywhere you go. Some famous writers even went as far as to sew extra pockets into their jackets to carry more scraps of paper. Use this journal to produce ideas, take note of things you see, hear, or read, and flesh out your writing material. When you get stuck on your project, you can revisit it for inspiration. Understand that everything can go in your notebook because everything is a source of inspiration. Some useful things are:
Dreams: a major source of the weird and unusual. Write it down before it disappears!
Pictures: photographs and doodles
Quotes: things people say, sentences that surprise you, short poems, the insides of a fortune cookie
1-6. Start your project.
This is the most important part, and it can be very hard. Many of us stare blankly at the computer screen, with no words to write. Some call it “writer's block.” To help, here are some basic writing exercises that can help jog your creative juices and provide material for your project:
Go somewhere busy, preferably a place with lots of people. Imagine that your vision of the scene is a video camera, recording everything. Take out your notebook and write down exactly what is happening. Include all the senses—sight, smell, hearing, taste, and touch.
Take a voice recorder and spy on a conversation. Don’t let the speakers know! Eavesdrop on their conversation. After you've recorded for an adequate amount of time, transcribe the conversation on paper. Play with the words—delete things, change things, add things. Create a new setting or a new situation.
Create a character. What do they want? Fear? What is their secret? Who are they related to, and where do they live? What’s their last name…if they even have one?
As early as you can, set writing goals and try your best to stick to them.
1-7. Commit to finishing your project.
There are a billion half-novels in the world and a trillion half-short stories. Setting a goal and sticking to it, however unpleasant the work gets, is essential to figuring out what you want to write. By the time you finish whatever you set out to write in the first place, you’ll have three things:
a good idea of what you want to write about
some skill with which to write about it
the tenacity to finish the job
1-8. Be a part of a community.
Sharing ideas and getting feedback is one of the best ways to become inspired and improve your work. This can be scary for beginner writers, for your work can be something incredibly personal, and you may be afraid of rejection. However, writing in isolation means that not only is no one reading your work, but you can also run the risk of compounding bad habits (being too wordy, redundant, melodramatic, etc.). Instead of being scared, think that every person you share your work with is a potential person to give you new ideas and inspire you.
1-9. Address financial issues.
Being a writer is almost like being a superhero: awkward office job by day… dragon-riding, super sleuth, a knight in armor WRITER by night. Some creative writers do not have day jobs—but this is very rare. However, having a day job is not a bad thing. A good day job can even be helpful to your goal of becoming a writer. When finding your dream day job, here are some things to consider:
Does it pay the bills? A good day job should ease your financial burdens so you can write without worry. Stress is not conducive to your project.
Does it leave you enough time and energy to write? A good day job should be easy enough on your energy level so that you’re not exhausted afterward.
Does it provide a good “distraction”? Having a space away from your writing work can be helpful. Spending too much time on a single project can be overly immersive. It is good to take a step back, relax and stop overthinking.
Does it have other creative people? A good day job should give you awesome coworkers. Creative people are everywhere! They are not just writers or artists.
2. Transforming Inspiration into Words
2-1. Arrest the reader.
No, don’t put them in handcuffs! Immerse them in your work. Suck them into the writing so that they will read and read and never want to escape so that they will want you to handcuff them to your next book. To do this, here are some techniques you can use:
The senses. We perceive and experience the world through our senses. An immersive and convincing work will often have readers seeing, touching, tasting, hearing, and smell.
Concrete details. These types of details provide a specific sense of understanding of what is going on in the writing. Rather than generalizing an image—“she was pretty”—get specific: “She had long, golden braids, which were interwoven with daisies.”
2-2. Write what you know more about.
If you are more familiar with something, you can write about it in more detail, realism, and depth. If you don’t know a detail that is important for your project, do research. Google it. Ask someone who knows. The more information you know about a situation, a person, or a setting, the more you will be able to render it realistically on the page.
2-3. Consider structure
Sometimes, the best way to write a story is “Linear Structure”: Beginning, Climax, and Resolution. However, there are many, many other ways to write a story. Consider “In Media Res”—when the story begins in the thick of things. Or, a story interspersed with multiple flashbacks. Choose your structure depending on your story’s progression.
2-4. Consider Point of View:
In total, there are 9 different points of view. The 3 main categories are 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Person. When deciding point of view, think about what information you want your readers to have access to.
1st POV: uses "I"
involved – the narrator is an active player and teller of the story
detached – the narrator is not telling their own story specifically, but maybe the story of a central character
Plural (we) – a collective narrator, maybe a large group of people
2nd POV: uses "You"
inverted, the narrator is referring to him or herself as the writer and perhaps dissociating themselves from distasteful thoughts/traits/memories
You = a character, distinct with their unique qualities
You = direct address to the reader
You = reader is an active character in the story
3rd POV: uses a character name
omniscient – narrator knows everything, has free reign in the story and complete authority, and can hurl judgments
limited – this POV is missing something. It is like a window of vision that gets smaller and smaller as you become more limited
single characters’ thoughts and feelings -- Harry Potter is limited to Harry's thoughts and feelings
direct observer -- a narrator's telling of a situation, but cannot explicitly discern the emotions of the characters
fly on the wall--the narrator is a spy, watching the situation from a distant perspective, but is not privy to everything for information is limited by the narrator's location on the wall
3. Nitty-Gritty Rules of Thumb
3-1. Write every day using simple words.
When you are starting, try to write at least 300 words per day, so that you will improve your writing skill every single day. Moreover, simple is the best way to start. While you will undoubtedly need a well-stocked vocabulary (more on that later), too many big words will drive all but the most dedicated readers away. Start small. Don't hold onto a grandiose word just because it sounds fancy.
3-2. Stick with short sentences in the beginning.
Short sentences are easy to digest and are very readable. That's not to say that you can't or shouldn't, write a long sentence every once in a while. It's just that simple sentences deliver information without stopping the reader in his or her tracks, stranding them on an island of befuddlement.
Take a look at a notoriously long, overwrought sentence. The following sentence won the satirical Bad Writing Contest second prize. It's no secret why it qualifies as "bad writing." The sentence is caked in jargon, riddled with imprecise catchphrases, and is way too long:"If, for a while, the ruse of desire is calculable for the uses of discipline soon the repetition of guilt, justification, pseudo-scientific theories, superstition, spurious authorities, and classifications can be seen as the desperate effort to “normalize” formally the disturbance of a discourse of splitting that violates the rational, enlightened claims of its enunciatory modality."
3-3. Let your verbs do the real work.
Verbs are the great drivers of sentences. They carry meaning from one thought to the next. On top of that, they help writers achieve dazzling degrees of precision.
Pay close attention to certain problem verbs. Verbs such as "did," "went," "saw," "felt," and "had," while occasionally appropriate, don't add any spice to your writing. Substitute a more specific word for problem verbs when appropriate: "accomplished," "skipped," "gazed," "experienced," and "secure" all communicate more specific ideas.
Use the active voice instead of the passive voice, as a rule of thumb.
Active voice: "The cat found her master." Here, the cat is doing the work, so to speak. She is actively finding her master.
Passive voice: "The master is found by his cat." Here, the cat is more removed from the action. The master is being found; the cat isn't finding.
3-4. Be careful not to overuse adjectives.
The beginning writer will go crazy with adjectives. There's nothing wrong with adjectives, except that they can sometimes be redundant and are often more obscure — and therefore harder to understand than other parts of speech. Don't feel like you need to include an adjective before every noun to describe the noun.
Sometimes, adjectives are redundant. Take the sentence " I watched as he lifted the last pawn and set it down, checkmating the king, clinching his successful victory." What victory isn't successful? Here, the adjective simply restates what we already know. It doesn't add anything to help the reader comprehend what's going on.
Other times, the adjectives writers use can be pretty obscure. "He is a puissant adversary" is a sentence that is neither accessible nor fitting. "Puissant" means powerful, and substituting "powerful" for "puissant" would have made the sentence both understandable and bearable.
3-5. Be a student of vocabulary.
Keep a dictionary and thesaurus by your side at all times. Whenever you come across a word that you don't know, look it up. It's hard to call yourself a writer if you're not at least marginally interested in etymology. At the same time, use your vocabulary sparingly. Just because you know the words "defenestrate," "pyknic," and "agnomen" doesn't mean you should be finding excuses to use them.
Study roots of words. Word roots (especially Latin roots for the English language) will help you decipher the meanings of unknown words without a dictionary. Knowing the roots mal-, ben-, epi-, EU-, ag-, and con- is a good start.
3-6. Say what you mean.
It's tempting for people who use words for a living to use them a little loosely. Often, when we're stuck and we don't know which word to use, we wing it and write down a word that's "good enough." This strategy is useful and necessary in everyday conversation, but problematic in writing.
For one, there's no social context. The writer can't use his or her hands to gesture, and can't rely on facial expressions to steer the conversation toward clarity. The reader is all alone and must rely solely on the words to gather meaning.
Second, the reader takes what the writer says at face value. The reader doesn't expect to have to ask the writer whether she meant what she wrote; the reader assumes that the writer meant what she wrote. The writer doesn't clarify confusing words, which means that if you write down a confusing word, the reader is left confused.
Figure out what you want to say before you say it. Be dogged about sniffing out the right word, even if it takes you time. A lot of sub-par writing is the refusal to fit the right word with an idea, not issues with plot or stylistic concerns.
3-7. Use figurative language for effect, not as a rule.
Examples of figurative language are metaphor and simile. It's best to use metaphor and simile when you want to dramatize or draw the reader's attention to something specific. Like saying "I love you," figurative language loses much of its power if used incessantly.
3-8. Don't over-or under-use punctuation.
Good punctuation is neither seen nor heard, but is powerful nonetheless. Underuse punctuation and your readers won't be able to understand the meaning of your sentences. "Let's eat, Mommy," and "Let's eat Mommy" have two very different meanings. Overuse punctuation and your readers will be distracted. No one wants to read a sentence in which colons, semicolons, and dashes make more appearances than actual words.
Exclamation points. Use exclamation points sparingly. People don't often exclaim things; nor do sentences often merit exclamation. Elmore Leonard, the great crime writer, has this to say: "Keep your exclamation points under control. You are allowed no more than two or three per 100,000 words of prose."
Semicolons. Semicolons act as hybrid periods, connecting two sentences that have a logical connection. Still, Kurt Vonnegut argues against them: "Do not use semicolons. They are transvestite hermaphrodites representing absolutely nothing. All they do is show you've been to college." Although Vonnegut's assessment might be a little harsh, it's probably only good to use them from time to time.
3-9. Once you've learned all the rules, break them.
Don't be afraid to invert rules or play with them to achieve the sort of writing you want. Some of the greatest writers have successfully broken grammatical, stylistic, and semantic rules, making literature better by doing so. Know why you're breaking the rule in the first place, and understand its likely effect. But if you're not willing to take some risks, what are you doing calling yourself a writer?
Tips
You have to want and desire to become a writer. Know what you want to write about and make sure that it's a passion that will take you places you've never been before and you will see that anything you want to be in life you can because you can do anything if you just believe.
You should never write just because you want fame and fortune.
Be prepared for changes when getting an acceptance. If the book publisher wants to change something in your book, then try to compromise with them, or reject it.
Warnings
It may take many rejections until you get an acceptance.
It may take a lot of time to become the writer that you want to be.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:07",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Becoming Inspired\\n1-1. Figure out what you want to write.\\nThe large field of creative writing splits into subcategories (fiction, poetry, creative nonfiction) and there are even specialized genres (sci-fi, mysteries, experimental… the list goes on). Figure out what you want to write. Write what you would want to read. Your best writing will spring forth from something that you, and maybe only you, are passionate about. No one can write the way you write. When your passion is injected into your writing, your readers will, in turn, be interested. Your passion for your writing project is a powerful tool that will serve well as a starting point.\\nRemember that you don’t have to limit yourself to a single field. Many established writers spread out and explore—perhaps they write creative essays while publishing their creative non-fiction work. Maybe their short novels have poems inside of them. This field is so vast and interesting that you need to have a perfect taste for all of them. Don't stick to fiction, if you write fiction; you should also try non-fiction as well.\\n1-2. Set your routine.\\nRoutine will help you. Establish a particular time of day, location, and atmosphere for your writing sessions. As you establish this routine, the creative side of your brain will become accustomed to working in these familiar conditions. Things to consider are…\\nNoise: some writers enjoy absolute quiet. It's similar to a musician practicing music in silence. Others will listen to music to jog their creative juices. Others will want the company of friends to bounce ideas.\\nTime: Some writers jot down thoughts just before they sleep. Early morning hours work well for others, as fewer people are awake to bother them. Other writers may enjoy being badgered, and therefore write in between coffee breaks or other work sessions. Other writers will like long periods of undisturbed writing time and dedicate their weekends to writing.\\nLocation: establishing a particular building, room, or even a chair can help the writing process. This familiarity will train your brain to work creatively, or technically, to suit your goals. Some places give us the power to write; strange but true!\\n1-3. Read and learn.\\nReread the things you have enjoyed and study them—figure out what makes them effective, what makes them work. Try to understand the structure of your favorite poem, or the evolution of the characters in your favorite novel. Find a sentence that you think is great, and wonder—why did that author choose that phrase? This word? What would you have done if you were in his place?\\nDo not limit yourself to single genres or fields. To truly enrich your writing experience, you must explore. You may not enjoy fantasy, but other people read and write fantasy for a reason. Read with this motto in mind: “I read to write. I read to learn. I read to be inspired.”\\n1-4. Be an explorer.\\nNotice things. Pay attention to the world around you. Look for mysteries and try to solve them. If you have questions, pursue the answers with obsessive interest. Take special note of the quirky and unusual. When writing, having noticed things will help give you something to write about. Moreover, it can help make your writing more compelling, richer, and more realistic. Observation is a necessary thing. Here are some pointers that will help you explore the world around you:\\nNothing is ordinary or boring. There’s something odd or special about everyone and everything. Find what it is.\\nThere’s a mystery in front of you: a TV that won’t turn on, a bird that won’t fly. Figure out how things work, don’t work, and why.\\nPay attention to details. The leaves are not only green: they've got long, thin veins, rigid stems, and are shaped like spades. Change perspectives, and you'll learn.\\nNature is an amazing source of inspiration. Just walk outside and appreciate the outdoors for a couple of minutes to try to get some inspiration.\\nIf you have the means to travel, go somewhere that you've never been before and do something you've never done before, as that might also help inspire you.\\n1-5. Keep a journal.\\nWrite down things that you notice or that inspire you. Take it everywhere you go. Some famous writers even went as far as to sew extra pockets into their jackets to carry more scraps of paper. Use this journal to produce ideas, take note of things you see, hear, or read, and flesh out your writing material. When you get stuck on your project, you can revisit it for inspiration. Understand that everything can go in your notebook because everything is a source of inspiration. Some useful things are:\\nDreams: a major source of the weird and unusual. Write it down before it disappears!\\nPictures: photographs and doodles\\nQuotes: things people say, sentences that surprise you, short poems, the insides of a fortune cookie\\n1-6. Start your project.\\nThis is the most important part, and it can be very hard. Many of us stare blankly at the computer screen, with no words to write. Some call it “writer's block.” To help, here are some basic writing exercises that can help jog your creative juices and provide material for your project:\\nGo somewhere busy, preferably a place with lots of people. Imagine that your vision of the scene is a video camera, recording everything. Take out your notebook and write down exactly what is happening. Include all the senses—sight, smell, hearing, taste, and touch.\\nTake a voice recorder and spy on a conversation. Don’t let the speakers know! Eavesdrop on their conversation. After you've recorded for an adequate amount of time, transcribe the conversation on paper. Play with the words—delete things, change things, add things. Create a new setting or a new situation.\\nCreate a character. What do they want? Fear? What is their secret? Who are they related to, and where do they live? What’s their last name…if they even have one?\\nAs early as you can, set writing goals and try your best to stick to them.\\n1-7. Commit to finishing your project.\\nThere are a billion half-novels in the world and a trillion half-short stories. Setting a goal and sticking to it, however unpleasant the work gets, is essential to figuring out what you want to write. By the time you finish whatever you set out to write in the first place, you’ll have three things:\\na good idea of what you want to write about\\nsome skill with which to write about it\\nthe tenacity to finish the job\\n1-8. Be a part of a community.\\nSharing ideas and getting feedback is one of the best ways to become inspired and improve your work. This can be scary for beginner writers, for your work can be something incredibly personal, and you may be afraid of rejection. However, writing in isolation means that not only is no one reading your work, but you can also run the risk of compounding bad habits (being too wordy, redundant, melodramatic, etc.). Instead of being scared, think that every person you share your work with is a potential person to give you new ideas and inspire you.\\n1-9. Address financial issues.\\nBeing a writer is almost like being a superhero: awkward office job by day… dragon-riding, super sleuth, a knight in armor WRITER by night. Some creative writers do not have day jobs—but this is very rare. However, having a day job is not a bad thing. A good day job can even be helpful to your goal of becoming a writer. When finding your dream day job, here are some things to consider:\\nDoes it pay the bills? A good day job should ease your financial burdens so you can write without worry. Stress is not conducive to your project.\\nDoes it leave you enough time and energy to write? A good day job should be easy enough on your energy level so that you’re not exhausted afterward.\\nDoes it provide a good “distraction”? Having a space away from your writing work can be helpful. Spending too much time on a single project can be overly immersive. It is good to take a step back, relax and stop overthinking.\\nDoes it have other creative people? A good day job should give you awesome coworkers. Creative people are everywhere! They are not just writers or artists.\\n2. Transforming Inspiration into Words\\n2-1. Arrest the reader.\\nNo, don’t put them in handcuffs! Immerse them in your work. Suck them into the writing so that they will read and read and never want to escape so that they will want you to handcuff them to your next book. To do this, here are some techniques you can use:\\nThe senses. We perceive and experience the world through our senses. An immersive and convincing work will often have readers seeing, touching, tasting, hearing, and smell.\\nConcrete details. These types of details provide a specific sense of understanding of what is going on in the writing. Rather than generalizing an image—“she was pretty”—get specific: “She had long, golden braids, which were interwoven with daisies.”\\n2-2. Write what you know more about.\\nIf you are more familiar with something, you can write about it in more detail, realism, and depth. If you don’t know a detail that is important for your project, do research. Google it. Ask someone who knows. The more information you know about a situation, a person, or a setting, the more you will be able to render it realistically on the page.\\n2-3. Consider structure\\nSometimes, the best way to write a story is “Linear Structure”: Beginning, Climax, and Resolution. However, there are many, many other ways to write a story. Consider “In Media Res”—when the story begins in the thick of things. Or, a story interspersed with multiple flashbacks. Choose your structure depending on your story’s progression.\\n2-4. Consider Point of View:\\nIn total, there are 9 different points of view. The 3 main categories are 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Person. When deciding point of view, think about what information you want your readers to have access to.\\n1st POV: uses \\\"I\\\"\\ninvolved – the narrator is an active player and teller of the story\\ndetached – the narrator is not telling their own story specifically, but maybe the story of a central character\\nPlural (we) – a collective narrator, maybe a large group of people\\n\\n2nd POV: uses \\\"You\\\"\\ninverted, the narrator is referring to him or herself as the writer and perhaps dissociating themselves from distasteful thoughts/traits/memories\\nYou = a character, distinct with their unique qualities\\nYou = direct address to the reader\\nYou = reader is an active character in the story\\n\\n3rd POV: uses a character name\\nomniscient – narrator knows everything, has free reign in the story and complete authority, and can hurl judgments\\nlimited – this POV is missing something. It is like a window of vision that gets smaller and smaller as you become more limited\\nsingle characters’ thoughts and feelings -- Harry Potter is limited to Harry's thoughts and feelings\\ndirect observer -- a narrator's telling of a situation, but cannot explicitly discern the emotions of the characters\\nfly on the wall--the narrator is a spy, watching the situation from a distant perspective, but is not privy to everything for information is limited by the narrator's location on the wall\\n3. Nitty-Gritty Rules of Thumb\\n3-1. Write every day using simple words.\\nWhen you are starting, try to write at least 300 words per day, so that you will improve your writing skill every single day. Moreover, simple is the best way to start. While you will undoubtedly need a well-stocked vocabulary (more on that later), too many big words will drive all but the most dedicated readers away. Start small. Don't hold onto a grandiose word just because it sounds fancy.\\n3-2. Stick with short sentences in the beginning.\\nShort sentences are easy to digest and are very readable. That's not to say that you can't or shouldn't, write a long sentence every once in a while. It's just that simple sentences deliver information without stopping the reader in his or her tracks, stranding them on an island of befuddlement.\\nTake a look at a notoriously long, overwrought sentence. The following sentence won the satirical Bad Writing Contest second prize. It's no secret why it qualifies as \\\"bad writing.\\\" The sentence is caked in jargon, riddled with imprecise catchphrases, and is way too long:\\\"If, for a while, the ruse of desire is calculable for the uses of discipline soon the repetition of guilt, justification, pseudo-scientific theories, superstition, spurious authorities, and classifications can be seen as the desperate effort to “normalize” formally the disturbance of a discourse of splitting that violates the rational, enlightened claims of its enunciatory modality.\\\"\\n3-3. Let your verbs do the real work.\\nVerbs are the great drivers of sentences. They carry meaning from one thought to the next. On top of that, they help writers achieve dazzling degrees of precision.\\nPay close attention to certain problem verbs. Verbs such as \\\"did,\\\" \\\"went,\\\" \\\"saw,\\\" \\\"felt,\\\" and \\\"had,\\\" while occasionally appropriate, don't add any spice to your writing. Substitute a more specific word for problem verbs when appropriate: \\\"accomplished,\\\" \\\"skipped,\\\" \\\"gazed,\\\" \\\"experienced,\\\" and \\\"secure\\\" all communicate more specific ideas.\\nUse the active voice instead of the passive voice, as a rule of thumb.\\nActive voice: \\\"The cat found her master.\\\" Here, the cat is doing the work, so to speak. She is actively finding her master.\\nPassive voice: \\\"The master is found by his cat.\\\" Here, the cat is more removed from the action. The master is being found; the cat isn't finding.\\n3-4. Be careful not to overuse adjectives.\\nThe beginning writer will go crazy with adjectives. There's nothing wrong with adjectives, except that they can sometimes be redundant and are often more obscure — and therefore harder to understand than other parts of speech. Don't feel like you need to include an adjective before every noun to describe the noun.\\nSometimes, adjectives are redundant. Take the sentence \\\" I watched as he lifted the last pawn and set it down, checkmating the king, clinching his successful victory.\\\" What victory isn't successful? Here, the adjective simply restates what we already know. It doesn't add anything to help the reader comprehend what's going on.\\nOther times, the adjectives writers use can be pretty obscure. \\\"He is a puissant adversary\\\" is a sentence that is neither accessible nor fitting. \\\"Puissant\\\" means powerful, and substituting \\\"powerful\\\" for \\\"puissant\\\" would have made the sentence both understandable and bearable.\\n3-5. Be a student of vocabulary.\\nKeep a dictionary and thesaurus by your side at all times. Whenever you come across a word that you don't know, look it up. It's hard to call yourself a writer if you're not at least marginally interested in etymology. At the same time, use your vocabulary sparingly. Just because you know the words \\\"defenestrate,\\\" \\\"pyknic,\\\" and \\\"agnomen\\\" doesn't mean you should be finding excuses to use them.\\nStudy roots of words. Word roots (especially Latin roots for the English language) will help you decipher the meanings of unknown words without a dictionary. Knowing the roots mal-, ben-, epi-, EU-, ag-, and con- is a good start.\\n3-6. Say what you mean.\\nIt's tempting for people who use words for a living to use them a little loosely. Often, when we're stuck and we don't know which word to use, we wing it and write down a word that's \\\"good enough.\\\" This strategy is useful and necessary in everyday conversation, but problematic in writing.\\nFor one, there's no social context. The writer can't use his or her hands to gesture, and can't rely on facial expressions to steer the conversation toward clarity. The reader is all alone and must rely solely on the words to gather meaning.\\nSecond, the reader takes what the writer says at face value. The reader doesn't expect to have to ask the writer whether she meant what she wrote; the reader assumes that the writer meant what she wrote. The writer doesn't clarify confusing words, which means that if you write down a confusing word, the reader is left confused.\\n Figure out what you want to say before you say it. Be dogged about sniffing out the right word, even if it takes you time. A lot of sub-par writing is the refusal to fit the right word with an idea, not issues with plot or stylistic concerns.\\n3-7. Use figurative language for effect, not as a rule.\\nExamples of figurative language are metaphor and simile. It's best to use metaphor and simile when you want to dramatize or draw the reader's attention to something specific. Like saying \\\"I love you,\\\" figurative language loses much of its power if used incessantly.\\n3-8. Don't over-or under-use punctuation.\\nGood punctuation is neither seen nor heard, but is powerful nonetheless. Underuse punctuation and your readers won't be able to understand the meaning of your sentences. \\\"Let's eat, Mommy,\\\" and \\\"Let's eat Mommy\\\" have two very different meanings. Overuse punctuation and your readers will be distracted. No one wants to read a sentence in which colons, semicolons, and dashes make more appearances than actual words.\\nExclamation points. Use exclamation points sparingly. People don't often exclaim things; nor do sentences often merit exclamation. Elmore Leonard, the great crime writer, has this to say: \\\"Keep your exclamation points under control. You are allowed no more than two or three per 100,000 words of prose.\\\"\\nSemicolons. Semicolons act as hybrid periods, connecting two sentences that have a logical connection. Still, Kurt Vonnegut argues against them: \\\"Do not use semicolons. They are transvestite hermaphrodites representing absolutely nothing. All they do is show you've been to college.\\\" Although Vonnegut's assessment might be a little harsh, it's probably only good to use them from time to time.\\n3-9. Once you've learned all the rules, break them.\\nDon't be afraid to invert rules or play with them to achieve the sort of writing you want. Some of the greatest writers have successfully broken grammatical, stylistic, and semantic rules, making literature better by doing so. Know why you're breaking the rule in the first place, and understand its likely effect. But if you're not willing to take some risks, what are you doing calling yourself a writer?\\nTips\\nYou have to want and desire to become a writer. Know what you want to write about and make sure that it's a passion that will take you places you've never been before and you will see that anything you want to be in life you can because you can do anything if you just believe.\\nYou should never write just because you want fame and fortune.\\nBe prepared for changes when getting an acceptance. If the book publisher wants to change something in your book, then try to compromise with them, or reject it.\\nWarnings\\nIt may take many rejections until you get an acceptance.\\nIt may take a lot of time to become the writer that you want to be.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"You love to write and express yourself, but how do you turn that passion into a career? It starts with writing as much as possible and learning the ins and outs of the craft, and we're here to help. In this article, we'll walk you through everything you need to know about the writing process and becoming a better writer, from finding inspiration to turning your ideas into words. Follow the tips below, and soon you'll be ready to put your work out there for the world to see.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Becoming Inspired\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Figure out what you want to write.\", \"描述\": \"The large field of creative writing splits into subcategories (fiction, poetry, creative nonfiction) and there are even specialized genres (sci-fi, mysteries, experimental… the list goes on). Figure out what you want to write. Write what you would want to read. Your best writing will spring forth from something that you, and maybe only you, are passionate about. No one can write the way you write. When your passion is injected into your writing, your readers will, in turn, be interested. Your passion for your writing project is a powerful tool that will serve well as a starting point.\\nRemember that you don’t have to limit yourself to a single field. Many established writers spread out and explore—perhaps they write creative essays while publishing their creative non-fiction work. Maybe their short novels have poems inside of them. This field is so vast and interesting that you need to have a perfect taste for all of them. Don't stick to fiction, if you write fiction; you should also try non-fiction as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set your routine.\", \"描述\": \"Routine will help you. Establish a particular time of day, location, and atmosphere for your writing sessions. As you establish this routine, the creative side of your brain will become accustomed to working in these familiar conditions. Things to consider are…\\nNoise: some writers enjoy absolute quiet. It's similar to a musician practicing music in silence. Others will listen to music to jog their creative juices. Others will want the company of friends to bounce ideas.\\nTime: Some writers jot down thoughts just before they sleep. Early morning hours work well for others, as fewer people are awake to bother them. Other writers may enjoy being badgered, and therefore write in between coffee breaks or other work sessions. Other writers will like long periods of undisturbed writing time and dedicate their weekends to writing.\\nLocation: establishing a particular building, room, or even a chair can help the writing process. This familiarity will train your brain to work creatively, or technically, to suit your goals. Some places give us the power to write; strange but true!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Read and learn.\", \"描述\": \"Reread the things you have enjoyed and study them—figure out what makes them effective, what makes them work. Try to understand the structure of your favorite poem, or the evolution of the characters in your favorite novel. Find a sentence that you think is great, and wonder—why did that author choose that phrase? This word? What would you have done if you were in his place?\\nDo not limit yourself to single genres or fields. To truly enrich your writing experience, you must explore. You may not enjoy fantasy, but other people read and write fantasy for a reason. Read with this motto in mind: “I read to write. I read to learn. I read to be inspired.”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be an explorer.\", \"描述\": \"Notice things. Pay attention to the world around you. Look for mysteries and try to solve them. If you have questions, pursue the answers with obsessive interest. Take special note of the quirky and unusual. When writing, having noticed things will help give you something to write about. Moreover, it can help make your writing more compelling, richer, and more realistic. Observation is a necessary thing. Here are some pointers that will help you explore the world around you:\\nNothing is ordinary or boring. There’s something odd or special about everyone and everything. Find what it is.\\nThere’s a mystery in front of you: a TV that won’t turn on, a bird that won’t fly. Figure out how things work, don’t work, and why.\\nPay attention to details. The leaves are not only green: they've got long, thin veins, rigid stems, and are shaped like spades. Change perspectives, and you'll learn.\\nNature is an amazing source of inspiration. Just walk outside and appreciate the outdoors for a couple of minutes to try to get some inspiration.\\nIf you have the means to travel, go somewhere that you've never been before and do something you've never done before, as that might also help inspire you.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Keep a journal.\", \"描述\": \"Write down things that you notice or that inspire you. Take it everywhere you go. Some famous writers even went as far as to sew extra pockets into their jackets to carry more scraps of paper. Use this journal to produce ideas, take note of things you see, hear, or read, and flesh out your writing material. When you get stuck on your project, you can revisit it for inspiration. Understand that everything can go in your notebook because everything is a source of inspiration. Some useful things are:\\nDreams: a major source of the weird and unusual. Write it down before it disappears!\\nPictures: photographs and doodles\\nQuotes: things people say, sentences that surprise you, short poems, the insides of a fortune cookie\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Start your project.\", \"描述\": \"This is the most important part, and it can be very hard. Many of us stare blankly at the computer screen, with no words to write. Some call it “writer's block.” To help, here are some basic writing exercises that can help jog your creative juices and provide material for your project:\\nGo somewhere busy, preferably a place with lots of people. Imagine that your vision of the scene is a video camera, recording everything. Take out your notebook and write down exactly what is happening. Include all the senses—sight, smell, hearing, taste, and touch.\\nTake a voice recorder and spy on a conversation. Don’t let the speakers know! Eavesdrop on their conversation. After you've recorded for an adequate amount of time, transcribe the conversation on paper. Play with the words—delete things, change things, add things. Create a new setting or a new situation.\\nCreate a character. What do they want? Fear? What is their secret? Who are they related to, and where do they live? What’s their last name…if they even have one?\\nAs early as you can, set writing goals and try your best to stick to them.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Commit to finishing your project.\", \"描述\": \"There are a billion half-novels in the world and a trillion half-short stories. Setting a goal and sticking to it, however unpleasant the work gets, is essential to figuring out what you want to write. By the time you finish whatever you set out to write in the first place, you’ll have three things:\\na good idea of what you want to write about\\nsome skill with which to write about it\\nthe tenacity to finish the job\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Be a part of a community.\", \"描述\": \"Sharing ideas and getting feedback is one of the best ways to become inspired and improve your work. This can be scary for beginner writers, for your work can be something incredibly personal, and you may be afraid of rejection. However, writing in isolation means that not only is no one reading your work, but you can also run the risk of compounding bad habits (being too wordy, redundant, melodramatic, etc.). Instead of being scared, think that every person you share your work with is a potential person to give you new ideas and inspire you.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Address financial issues.\", \"描述\": \"Being a writer is almost like being a superhero: awkward office job by day… dragon-riding, super sleuth, a knight in armor WRITER by night. Some creative writers do not have day jobs—but this is very rare. However, having a day job is not a bad thing. A good day job can even be helpful to your goal of becoming a writer. When finding your dream day job, here are some things to consider:\\nDoes it pay the bills? A good day job should ease your financial burdens so you can write without worry. Stress is not conducive to your project.\\nDoes it leave you enough time and energy to write? A good day job should be easy enough on your energy level so that you’re not exhausted afterward.\\nDoes it provide a good “distraction”? Having a space away from your writing work can be helpful. Spending too much time on a single project can be overly immersive. It is good to take a step back, relax and stop overthinking.\\nDoes it have other creative people? A good day job should give you awesome coworkers. Creative people are everywhere! They are not just writers or artists.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Transforming Inspiration into Words\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Arrest the reader.\", \"描述\": \"No, don’t put them in handcuffs! Immerse them in your work. Suck them into the writing so that they will read and read and never want to escape so that they will want you to handcuff them to your next book. To do this, here are some techniques you can use:\\nThe senses. We perceive and experience the world through our senses. An immersive and convincing work will often have readers seeing, touching, tasting, hearing, and smell.\\nConcrete details. These types of details provide a specific sense of understanding of what is going on in the writing. Rather than generalizing an image—“she was pretty”—get specific: “She had long, golden braids, which were interwoven with daisies.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Write what you know more about.\", \"描述\": \"If you are more familiar with something, you can write about it in more detail, realism, and depth. If you don’t know a detail that is important for your project, do research. Google it. Ask someone who knows. The more information you know about a situation, a person, or a setting, the more you will be able to render it realistically on the page.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Consider structure\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, the best way to write a story is “Linear Structure”: Beginning, Climax, and Resolution. However, there are many, many other ways to write a story. Consider “In Media Res”—when the story begins in the thick of things. Or, a story interspersed with multiple flashbacks. Choose your structure depending on your story’s progression.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider Point of View:\", \"描述\": \"In total, there are 9 different points of view. The 3 main categories are 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Person. When deciding point of view, think about what information you want your readers to have access to.\\n1st POV: uses \\\"I\\\"\\ninvolved – the narrator is an active player and teller of the story\\ndetached – the narrator is not telling their own story specifically, but maybe the story of a central character\\nPlural (we) – a collective narrator, maybe a large group of people\\n\\n2nd POV: uses \\\"You\\\"\\ninverted, the narrator is referring to him or herself as the writer and perhaps dissociating themselves from distasteful thoughts/traits/memories\\nYou = a character, distinct with their unique qualities\\nYou = direct address to the reader\\nYou = reader is an active character in the story\\n\\n3rd POV: uses a character name\\nomniscient – narrator knows everything, has free reign in the story and complete authority, and can hurl judgments\\nlimited – this POV is missing something. It is like a window of vision that gets smaller and smaller as you become more limited\\nsingle characters’ thoughts and feelings -- Harry Potter is limited to Harry's thoughts and feelings\\ndirect observer -- a narrator's telling of a situation, but cannot explicitly discern the emotions of the characters\\nfly on the wall--the narrator is a spy, watching the situation from a distant perspective, but is not privy to everything for information is limited by the narrator's location on the wall\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Nitty-Gritty Rules of Thumb\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Write every day using simple words.\", \"描述\": \"When you are starting, try to write at least 300 words per day, so that you will improve your writing skill every single day. Moreover, simple is the best way to start. While you will undoubtedly need a well-stocked vocabulary (more on that later), too many big words will drive all but the most dedicated readers away. Start small. Don't hold onto a grandiose word just because it sounds fancy.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stick with short sentences in the beginning.\", \"描述\": \"Short sentences are easy to digest and are very readable. That's not to say that you can't or shouldn't, write a long sentence every once in a while. It's just that simple sentences deliver information without stopping the reader in his or her tracks, stranding them on an island of befuddlement.\\nTake a look at a notoriously long, overwrought sentence. The following sentence won the satirical Bad Writing Contest second prize. It's no secret why it qualifies as \\\"bad writing.\\\" The sentence is caked in jargon, riddled with imprecise catchphrases, and is way too long:\\\"If, for a while, the ruse of desire is calculable for the uses of discipline soon the repetition of guilt, justification, pseudo-scientific theories, superstition, spurious authorities, and classifications can be seen as the desperate effort to “normalize” formally the disturbance of a discourse of splitting that violates the rational, enlightened claims of its enunciatory modality.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Let your verbs do the real work.\", \"描述\": \"Verbs are the great drivers of sentences. They carry meaning from one thought to the next. On top of that, they help writers achieve dazzling degrees of precision.\\nPay close attention to certain problem verbs. Verbs such as \\\"did,\\\" \\\"went,\\\" \\\"saw,\\\" \\\"felt,\\\" and \\\"had,\\\" while occasionally appropriate, don't add any spice to your writing. Substitute a more specific word for problem verbs when appropriate: \\\"accomplished,\\\" \\\"skipped,\\\" \\\"gazed,\\\" \\\"experienced,\\\" and \\\"secure\\\" all communicate more specific ideas.\\nUse the active voice instead of the passive voice, as a rule of thumb.\\nActive voice: \\\"The cat found her master.\\\" Here, the cat is doing the work, so to speak. She is actively finding her master.\\nPassive voice: \\\"The master is found by his cat.\\\" Here, the cat is more removed from the action. The master is being found; the cat isn't finding.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be careful not to overuse adjectives.\", \"描述\": \"The beginning writer will go crazy with adjectives. There's nothing wrong with adjectives, except that they can sometimes be redundant and are often more obscure — and therefore harder to understand than other parts of speech. Don't feel like you need to include an adjective before every noun to describe the noun.\\nSometimes, adjectives are redundant. Take the sentence \\\" I watched as he lifted the last pawn and set it down, checkmating the king, clinching his successful victory.\\\" What victory isn't successful? Here, the adjective simply restates what we already know. It doesn't add anything to help the reader comprehend what's going on.\\nOther times, the adjectives writers use can be pretty obscure. \\\"He is a puissant adversary\\\" is a sentence that is neither accessible nor fitting. \\\"Puissant\\\" means powerful, and substituting \\\"powerful\\\" for \\\"puissant\\\" would have made the sentence both understandable and bearable.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be a student of vocabulary.\", \"描述\": \"Keep a dictionary and thesaurus by your side at all times. Whenever you come across a word that you don't know, look it up. It's hard to call yourself a writer if you're not at least marginally interested in etymology. At the same time, use your vocabulary sparingly. Just because you know the words \\\"defenestrate,\\\" \\\"pyknic,\\\" and \\\"agnomen\\\" doesn't mean you should be finding excuses to use them.\\nStudy roots of words. Word roots (especially Latin roots for the English language) will help you decipher the meanings of unknown words without a dictionary. Knowing the roots mal-, ben-, epi-, EU-, ag-, and con- is a good start.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Say what you mean.\", \"描述\": \"It's tempting for people who use words for a living to use them a little loosely. Often, when we're stuck and we don't know which word to use, we wing it and write down a word that's \\\"good enough.\\\" This strategy is useful and necessary in everyday conversation, but problematic in writing.\\nFor one, there's no social context. The writer can't use his or her hands to gesture, and can't rely on facial expressions to steer the conversation toward clarity. The reader is all alone and must rely solely on the words to gather meaning.\\nSecond, the reader takes what the writer says at face value. The reader doesn't expect to have to ask the writer whether she meant what she wrote; the reader assumes that the writer meant what she wrote. The writer doesn't clarify confusing words, which means that if you write down a confusing word, the reader is left confused.\\n Figure out what you want to say before you say it. Be dogged about sniffing out the right word, even if it takes you time. A lot of sub-par writing is the refusal to fit the right word with an idea, not issues with plot or stylistic concerns.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Use figurative language for effect, not as a rule.\", \"描述\": \"Examples of figurative language are metaphor and simile. It's best to use metaphor and simile when you want to dramatize or draw the reader's attention to something specific. Like saying \\\"I love you,\\\" figurative language loses much of its power if used incessantly.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Don't over-or under-use punctuation.\", \"描述\": \"Good punctuation is neither seen nor heard, but is powerful nonetheless. Underuse punctuation and your readers won't be able to understand the meaning of your sentences. \\\"Let's eat, Mommy,\\\" and \\\"Let's eat Mommy\\\" have two very different meanings. Overuse punctuation and your readers will be distracted. No one wants to read a sentence in which colons, semicolons, and dashes make more appearances than actual words.\\nExclamation points. Use exclamation points sparingly. People don't often exclaim things; nor do sentences often merit exclamation. Elmore Leonard, the great crime writer, has this to say: \\\"Keep your exclamation points under control. You are allowed no more than two or three per 100,000 words of prose.\\\"\\nSemicolons. Semicolons act as hybrid periods, connecting two sentences that have a logical connection. Still, Kurt Vonnegut argues against them: \\\"Do not use semicolons. They are transvestite hermaphrodites representing absolutely nothing. All they do is show you've been to college.\\\" Although Vonnegut's assessment might be a little harsh, it's probably only good to use them from time to time.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Once you've learned all the rules, break them.\", \"描述\": \"Don't be afraid to invert rules or play with them to achieve the sort of writing you want. Some of the greatest writers have successfully broken grammatical, stylistic, and semantic rules, making literature better by doing so. Know why you're breaking the rule in the first place, and understand its likely effect. But if you're not willing to take some risks, what are you doing calling yourself a writer?\"}], \"小提示\": [\"You have to want and desire to become a writer. Know what you want to write about and make sure that it's a passion that will take you places you've never been before and you will see that anything you want to be in life you can because you can do anything if you just believe.\\n\", \"You should never write just because you want fame and fortune.\\n\", \"Be prepared for changes when getting an acceptance. If the book publisher wants to change something in your book, then try to compromise with them, or reject it.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"It may take many rejections until you get an acceptance.\\n\", \"It may take a lot of time to become the writer that you want to be.\\n\"]}]}}",
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Everything You Need to Know About Becoming a Yacht Stewardess
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1. Yacht Stewardess Job Requirements
1-1. Complete your STCW Basic Safety Training.
To work as a crew member on a yacht, you must pass the SCTW (Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping) course which teaches five key principles of staying safe at sea: personal survival techniques, fire prevention, first aid, personal safety and social responsibility, and proficiency in security awareness.
SCTW certificates are valid for up to five years. After five years, you must take a fire fighting and sea survival refresher course.
Make sure your course is certified by a national maritime organization in the country where you complete it.
1-2. Get your ENG1 Medical Certificate.
Working on a yacht also requires a “seafarer’s medical certificate.” To obtain one, you must pass a medical fitness test ensuring you do not have any medical conditions that would prevent you from your day-to-day duties.
Medical conditions that may inhibit you from receiving your ENG1 include, but are not limited to: epilepsy, heart disease, kidney failure, color-blindness, and history of drug/alcohol addiction.
If you are working on a small boat operating 60 miles from shore or less, an ML5 will suffice as a substitute for an ENG1.
1-3. Ensure your travel documents are up to date.
Since you’re traveling to different countries, make sure you have your passport with all the necessary paperwork to avoid any complications.
2. How to Find a Job as a Yacht Stewardess
2-1. Travel to a yachting hub.
To get a job on a yacht, you need to go where the yachts are. The major spots people dock yachts/hire for yacht work are Antibes, Fort Lauderdale, and Palma de Mallorca. Once you’ve arrived, talk to locals, wander the docks, and see if there are any positions open.
Living near a yacht hub between jobs can be expensive. Look into a crew house - a privately-owned, budget-friendly accommodation where yachties and former yachties live - to stay while you network, complete your training and look for work.
2-2. Network with other yachties.
Talk to other yacht workers to find out who’s hiring. The most-highly suggested methods of getting your resume seen are talking to people near the docks and marinas, visiting agencies for yachting crews, and regularly stopping by the local pubs and cafes that yachties frequent.
Make sure you look presentable while you network. Yacht stewardesses are extremely clean and well-groomed. Dress for the part you want by wearing deck shoes and an appropriate yacht shirt.
2-3. Work through a recruitment agency.
Like with other jobs, there are agencies that help yachts recruit staff. Once you’ve gotten your certifications, working with a yacht recruitment agency can make finding your next job a lot easier. Just be careful: in exchange for their services, they’re likely to take a percentage of your pay.
2-4. Get some experience.
To pad your resume and prepare you for a yacht stewardess job, you should get some experience in both boating and hospitality.
Jobs like bartending, nannying, customer service, and cleaning all look good as these types of duties will be performed on the yacht.
Look into doing free day work on boats to help build your sea legs and make connections with captains and crew.
2-5. Create a memorable CV.
Your resume is your best chance at a first impression on a captain or chief stew. Make sure it highlights your experience and helps you stand out from the pile.
All yacht CV’s list certifications, work history, nationality, spoken languages, body modifications, references, and relevant skills. Some are even more in-depth with details like smoking habits and overall objective.
There are several free yacht CV templates online to help ensure yours fits the industry norm.
Don’t be afraid to play around with the formatting. Your CV should be professional but also as unique as possible.
2-6. Deliver a good interview.
Being a good yacht stewardess requires you to gel well with your prospective yacht crew. Your interview is where the captain or chief stew will test you on how well you fit in. They want to make sure you have a keen understanding of the ship you’re working on, its organizational structure, and its overall vibe. Do your research beforehand!
Most interviewers are also looking for excellent presentation, leadership, and communication. Make sure to highlight these attributes when you answer their questions.
3. You’d Make a Good Yacht Stewardess If…
3-1. You’re comfortable being away from home.
Working on a yacht means you’re away from home (and likely without service) for months on end. If you’re comfortable being away from friends and family for long periods of time, chances are you’d make a great yacht stewardess.
3-2. You’re okay living in tight quarters.
Yacht stewardesses live in cabins while working onboard the ship. Cabin sizes vary depending on boat size, but they’re rarely spacious. If you pack light and don’t mind a compacted living situation, you’ll work great on a yacht.
3-3. You’re good at multitasking.
Yacht stewardesses do a dozen jobs at once. They’re customer service representatives, waitresses, servers, entertainers, mixologists, interior decorators, nannies, occasional nurses, and cleaners. If ever-shifting duties and a fast-paced work environment excite you, you’ll have a blast as a yacht stewardess.
4. Benefits of Being a Yacht Stewardess
4-1. It gives you a chance to see the world.
Becoming a yacht stewardess isn’t for everybody, but if you have wanderlust, this career path gives you the opportunity to travel the high seas and visit faraway countries. And you get paid to do it!
4-2. You make lifelong friends.
Making a yacht run smoothly is a team effort. Being a yacht stewardess, you’ll be working with people from all over the world and your long hours at sea will bond you in ways you never might have imagined!
4-3. You’re never bored.
While working on a yacht is hard work, it’s also incredibly stimulating. You’re juggling multiple roles, no two days ever look the same, and you cater to some unique and unforgettable guests (including the occasional celebrity)!
5. A Day in the Life of a Yacht Stewardess
5-1. You’ll have lots of different jobs day-to-day.
Yacht stewardesses have several responsibilities onboard their ships including delivering food and drinks to guests, attending cocktail parties, performing first aid during medical emergencies, helping with deck work, maintaining inventory, greeting guests on arrival and departure, and making sure cabins are clean and orderly at all times. Plus, many more!
5-2. The work days are long.
Most yacht stewardesses work at least 10 hours a day, with some pulling 16-18 hour shifts. While the work is rewarding, the schedule is demanding.
5-3. Time off is spent traveling.
While there aren’t a whole lot of breaks working as a yacht stewardess, the time off you do get allows you to immerse yourself in the culture of wherever your ship is visiting. During the day, yachties have gone jet skiing in the Caribbean, tried unique lunches at Croatian restaurants, all to get back on the ship ready to work for the cocktail party in the evening.
6. Yacht Stewardess Pay
Yacht stewardesses are paid well.
The general base pay for a yacht stewardess is $2,500 a month with higher wages for higher positions (like senior stewardesses and chief stews) and higher ships. Stewardesses on yachts larger than 55 meters can make well over $4,000 a month. And that doesn’t include tips!
Yacht stewardesses also have no living expenses since food, housing, electricity, water, even toiletries are provided on the ship.
Depending on the countries you sail out of, this can sometimes be tax-free!
Tips are usually divided evenly among the crew.
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{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:07",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Yacht Stewardess Job Requirements\\n1-1. Complete your STCW Basic Safety Training.\\nTo work as a crew member on a yacht, you must pass the SCTW (Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping) course which teaches five key principles of staying safe at sea: personal survival techniques, fire prevention, first aid, personal safety and social responsibility, and proficiency in security awareness.\\nSCTW certificates are valid for up to five years. After five years, you must take a fire fighting and sea survival refresher course.\\nMake sure your course is certified by a national maritime organization in the country where you complete it.\\n1-2. Get your ENG1 Medical Certificate.\\nWorking on a yacht also requires a “seafarer’s medical certificate.” To obtain one, you must pass a medical fitness test ensuring you do not have any medical conditions that would prevent you from your day-to-day duties.\\nMedical conditions that may inhibit you from receiving your ENG1 include, but are not limited to: epilepsy, heart disease, kidney failure, color-blindness, and history of drug/alcohol addiction.\\nIf you are working on a small boat operating 60 miles from shore or less, an ML5 will suffice as a substitute for an ENG1.\\n1-3. Ensure your travel documents are up to date.\\nSince you’re traveling to different countries, make sure you have your passport with all the necessary paperwork to avoid any complications.\\n2. How to Find a Job as a Yacht Stewardess\\n2-1. Travel to a yachting hub.\\nTo get a job on a yacht, you need to go where the yachts are. The major spots people dock yachts/hire for yacht work are Antibes, Fort Lauderdale, and Palma de Mallorca. Once you’ve arrived, talk to locals, wander the docks, and see if there are any positions open.\\nLiving near a yacht hub between jobs can be expensive. Look into a crew house - a privately-owned, budget-friendly accommodation where yachties and former yachties live - to stay while you network, complete your training and look for work.\\n2-2. Network with other yachties.\\nTalk to other yacht workers to find out who’s hiring. The most-highly suggested methods of getting your resume seen are talking to people near the docks and marinas, visiting agencies for yachting crews, and regularly stopping by the local pubs and cafes that yachties frequent.\\nMake sure you look presentable while you network. Yacht stewardesses are extremely clean and well-groomed. Dress for the part you want by wearing deck shoes and an appropriate yacht shirt.\\n2-3. Work through a recruitment agency.\\nLike with other jobs, there are agencies that help yachts recruit staff. Once you’ve gotten your certifications, working with a yacht recruitment agency can make finding your next job a lot easier. Just be careful: in exchange for their services, they’re likely to take a percentage of your pay.\\n2-4. Get some experience.\\nTo pad your resume and prepare you for a yacht stewardess job, you should get some experience in both boating and hospitality.\\nJobs like bartending, nannying, customer service, and cleaning all look good as these types of duties will be performed on the yacht.\\nLook into doing free day work on boats to help build your sea legs and make connections with captains and crew.\\n2-5. Create a memorable CV.\\nYour resume is your best chance at a first impression on a captain or chief stew. Make sure it highlights your experience and helps you stand out from the pile.\\nAll yacht CV’s list certifications, work history, nationality, spoken languages, body modifications, references, and relevant skills. Some are even more in-depth with details like smoking habits and overall objective.\\nThere are several free yacht CV templates online to help ensure yours fits the industry norm.\\nDon’t be afraid to play around with the formatting. Your CV should be professional but also as unique as possible.\\n2-6. Deliver a good interview.\\nBeing a good yacht stewardess requires you to gel well with your prospective yacht crew. Your interview is where the captain or chief stew will test you on how well you fit in. They want to make sure you have a keen understanding of the ship you’re working on, its organizational structure, and its overall vibe. Do your research beforehand!\\nMost interviewers are also looking for excellent presentation, leadership, and communication. Make sure to highlight these attributes when you answer their questions.\\n3. You’d Make a Good Yacht Stewardess If…\\n3-1. You’re comfortable being away from home.\\nWorking on a yacht means you’re away from home (and likely without service) for months on end. If you’re comfortable being away from friends and family for long periods of time, chances are you’d make a great yacht stewardess.\\n3-2. You’re okay living in tight quarters.\\nYacht stewardesses live in cabins while working onboard the ship. Cabin sizes vary depending on boat size, but they’re rarely spacious. If you pack light and don’t mind a compacted living situation, you’ll work great on a yacht.\\n3-3. You’re good at multitasking.\\nYacht stewardesses do a dozen jobs at once. They’re customer service representatives, waitresses, servers, entertainers, mixologists, interior decorators, nannies, occasional nurses, and cleaners. If ever-shifting duties and a fast-paced work environment excite you, you’ll have a blast as a yacht stewardess.\\n4. Benefits of Being a Yacht Stewardess\\n4-1. It gives you a chance to see the world.\\nBecoming a yacht stewardess isn’t for everybody, but if you have wanderlust, this career path gives you the opportunity to travel the high seas and visit faraway countries. And you get paid to do it!\\n4-2. You make lifelong friends.\\nMaking a yacht run smoothly is a team effort. Being a yacht stewardess, you’ll be working with people from all over the world and your long hours at sea will bond you in ways you never might have imagined!\\n4-3. You’re never bored.\\nWhile working on a yacht is hard work, it’s also incredibly stimulating. You’re juggling multiple roles, no two days ever look the same, and you cater to some unique and unforgettable guests (including the occasional celebrity)!\\n5. A Day in the Life of a Yacht Stewardess\\n5-1. You’ll have lots of different jobs day-to-day.\\nYacht stewardesses have several responsibilities onboard their ships including delivering food and drinks to guests, attending cocktail parties, performing first aid during medical emergencies, helping with deck work, maintaining inventory, greeting guests on arrival and departure, and making sure cabins are clean and orderly at all times. Plus, many more!\\n5-2. The work days are long.\\nMost yacht stewardesses work at least 10 hours a day, with some pulling 16-18 hour shifts. While the work is rewarding, the schedule is demanding.\\n5-3. Time off is spent traveling.\\nWhile there aren’t a whole lot of breaks working as a yacht stewardess, the time off you do get allows you to immerse yourself in the culture of wherever your ship is visiting. During the day, yachties have gone jet skiing in the Caribbean, tried unique lunches at Croatian restaurants, all to get back on the ship ready to work for the cocktail party in the evening.\\n6. Yacht Stewardess Pay\\nYacht stewardesses are paid well.\\nThe general base pay for a yacht stewardess is $2,500 a month with higher wages for higher positions (like senior stewardesses and chief stews) and higher ships. Stewardesses on yachts larger than 55 meters can make well over $4,000 a month. And that doesn’t include tips!\\nYacht stewardesses also have no living expenses since food, housing, electricity, water, even toiletries are provided on the ship.\\nDepending on the countries you sail out of, this can sometimes be tax-free!\\nTips are usually divided evenly among the crew.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you’re social and love to travel, yacht stewarding might be the perfect career for you! Spending months at a time exploring exotic locations, helping out on the boat, meeting and working with lifelong friends all day long. It’s a job as rewarding as it is exciting. Keep reading and we’ll teach you everything you need to know about becoming a yacht stewardess.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Yacht Stewardess Job Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete your STCW Basic Safety Training.\", \"描述\": \"To work as a crew member on a yacht, you must pass the SCTW (Standards of Training, Certification, and Watchkeeping) course which teaches five key principles of staying safe at sea: personal survival techniques, fire prevention, first aid, personal safety and social responsibility, and proficiency in security awareness.\\nSCTW certificates are valid for up to five years. After five years, you must take a fire fighting and sea survival refresher course.\\nMake sure your course is certified by a national maritime organization in the country where you complete it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get your ENG1 Medical Certificate.\", \"描述\": \"Working on a yacht also requires a “seafarer’s medical certificate.” To obtain one, you must pass a medical fitness test ensuring you do not have any medical conditions that would prevent you from your day-to-day duties.\\nMedical conditions that may inhibit you from receiving your ENG1 include, but are not limited to: epilepsy, heart disease, kidney failure, color-blindness, and history of drug/alcohol addiction.\\nIf you are working on a small boat operating 60 miles from shore or less, an ML5 will suffice as a substitute for an ENG1.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ensure your travel documents are up to date.\", \"描述\": \"Since you’re traveling to different countries, make sure you have your passport with all the necessary paperwork to avoid any complications.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"How to Find a Job as a Yacht Stewardess\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Travel to a yachting hub.\", \"描述\": \"To get a job on a yacht, you need to go where the yachts are. The major spots people dock yachts/hire for yacht work are Antibes, Fort Lauderdale, and Palma de Mallorca. Once you’ve arrived, talk to locals, wander the docks, and see if there are any positions open.\\nLiving near a yacht hub between jobs can be expensive. Look into a crew house - a privately-owned, budget-friendly accommodation where yachties and former yachties live - to stay while you network, complete your training and look for work.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Network with other yachties.\", \"描述\": \"Talk to other yacht workers to find out who’s hiring. The most-highly suggested methods of getting your resume seen are talking to people near the docks and marinas, visiting agencies for yachting crews, and regularly stopping by the local pubs and cafes that yachties frequent.\\nMake sure you look presentable while you network. Yacht stewardesses are extremely clean and well-groomed. Dress for the part you want by wearing deck shoes and an appropriate yacht shirt.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work through a recruitment agency.\", \"描述\": \"Like with other jobs, there are agencies that help yachts recruit staff. Once you’ve gotten your certifications, working with a yacht recruitment agency can make finding your next job a lot easier. Just be careful: in exchange for their services, they’re likely to take a percentage of your pay.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get some experience.\", \"描述\": \"To pad your resume and prepare you for a yacht stewardess job, you should get some experience in both boating and hospitality.\\nJobs like bartending, nannying, customer service, and cleaning all look good as these types of duties will be performed on the yacht.\\nLook into doing free day work on boats to help build your sea legs and make connections with captains and crew.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Create a memorable CV.\", \"描述\": \"Your resume is your best chance at a first impression on a captain or chief stew. Make sure it highlights your experience and helps you stand out from the pile.\\nAll yacht CV’s list certifications, work history, nationality, spoken languages, body modifications, references, and relevant skills. Some are even more in-depth with details like smoking habits and overall objective.\\nThere are several free yacht CV templates online to help ensure yours fits the industry norm.\\nDon’t be afraid to play around with the formatting. Your CV should be professional but also as unique as possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Deliver a good interview.\", \"描述\": \"Being a good yacht stewardess requires you to gel well with your prospective yacht crew. Your interview is where the captain or chief stew will test you on how well you fit in. They want to make sure you have a keen understanding of the ship you’re working on, its organizational structure, and its overall vibe. Do your research beforehand!\\nMost interviewers are also looking for excellent presentation, leadership, and communication. Make sure to highlight these attributes when you answer their questions.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"You’d Make a Good Yacht Stewardess If…\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You’re comfortable being away from home.\", \"描述\": \"Working on a yacht means you’re away from home (and likely without service) for months on end. If you’re comfortable being away from friends and family for long periods of time, chances are you’d make a great yacht stewardess.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"You’re okay living in tight quarters.\", \"描述\": \"Yacht stewardesses live in cabins while working onboard the ship. Cabin sizes vary depending on boat size, but they’re rarely spacious. If you pack light and don’t mind a compacted living situation, you’ll work great on a yacht.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"You’re good at multitasking.\", \"描述\": \"Yacht stewardesses do a dozen jobs at once. They’re customer service representatives, waitresses, servers, entertainers, mixologists, interior decorators, nannies, occasional nurses, and cleaners. If ever-shifting duties and a fast-paced work environment excite you, you’ll have a blast as a yacht stewardess.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Benefits of Being a Yacht Stewardess\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"It gives you a chance to see the world.\", \"描述\": \"Becoming a yacht stewardess isn’t for everybody, but if you have wanderlust, this career path gives you the opportunity to travel the high seas and visit faraway countries. And you get paid to do it!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"You make lifelong friends.\", \"描述\": \"Making a yacht run smoothly is a team effort. Being a yacht stewardess, you’ll be working with people from all over the world and your long hours at sea will bond you in ways you never might have imagined!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"You’re never bored.\", \"描述\": \"While working on a yacht is hard work, it’s also incredibly stimulating. You’re juggling multiple roles, no two days ever look the same, and you cater to some unique and unforgettable guests (including the occasional celebrity)!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"A Day in the Life of a Yacht Stewardess\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You’ll have lots of different jobs day-to-day.\", \"描述\": \"Yacht stewardesses have several responsibilities onboard their ships including delivering food and drinks to guests, attending cocktail parties, performing first aid during medical emergencies, helping with deck work, maintaining inventory, greeting guests on arrival and departure, and making sure cabins are clean and orderly at all times. Plus, many more!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"The work days are long.\", \"描述\": \"Most yacht stewardesses work at least 10 hours a day, with some pulling 16-18 hour shifts. While the work is rewarding, the schedule is demanding.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Time off is spent traveling.\", \"描述\": \"While there aren’t a whole lot of breaks working as a yacht stewardess, the time off you do get allows you to immerse yourself in the culture of wherever your ship is visiting. During the day, yachties have gone jet skiing in the Caribbean, tried unique lunches at Croatian restaurants, all to get back on the ship ready to work for the cocktail party in the evening.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Yacht Stewardess Pay\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Yacht stewardesses are paid well.\", \"描述\": \"The general base pay for a yacht stewardess is $2,500 a month with higher wages for higher positions (like senior stewardesses and chief stews) and higher ships. Stewardesses on yachts larger than 55 meters can make well over $4,000 a month. And that doesn’t include tips!\\nYacht stewardesses also have no living expenses since food, housing, electricity, water, even toiletries are provided on the ship.\\nDepending on the countries you sail out of, this can sometimes be tax-free!\\nTips are usually divided evenly among the crew.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,894 |
How to Become a YouTube Partner
|
1. Signing up for the Program
1-1. Find out if you qualify for the program.
To qualify, your channel needs to have at least 10,000 lifetime views. You must also be 18 years or older to use the payment system set up by YouTube to earn revenue. If you are under 18 years old, you can get a family account through the payment system by asking a parent or friend 18 and older to apply for you.
You also must live in a country where the program is available to apply. The YouTube Partner Program is available in around 20 countries. You can find a list of countries covered under the program on the YouTube website: https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/7101720?hl=en.
1-2. Enable the monetization status on your YouTube account.
Start by signing into your YouTube account. Then, select your account icon and click on “Creator Studio.” Then, select “Channel > Status features” on the menu that pops up. Look for the “Monetization” tab and click “Enable.”
1-3. Agree to the YouTube Partner Program terms.
Read through the terms to ensure you understand the terms and conditions. Click “accept” once you have read and agreed to the terms.
As part of the terms, you must have a good standing status under the YouTube community guidelines. This means you must create original content only on your YouTube page that does not use music, images, or content made by someone else.
Review the community guidelines for YouTube to ensure your channel does not violate any rules on the YouTube website: https://www.youtube.com/yt/about/policies/#community-guidelines.
1-4. Select your monetizing options.
You will be given 3 options: “Overlay In-Video Ads,” “TrueView In-Stream Ads,” and “Videos Contain a Product Placement.” Overlay In-Video Ads will appear on a banner in the video window during your videos. TrueView In-Stream Ads and Videos Contain a Product Placement means a short commercial or ad is played prior to your video is playing. In all cases, banner ads will automatically appear on your YouTube channel page.
You must choose at least 1 option. You can choose all 3 options if you want to maximize your ad revenue.
You can always adjust the types of ads that appear on your channel in the future or choose to show ads on specific videos on your channel.
1-5. Click “Monetize My Videos” to confirm your enrollment in the program.
This button will appear on the lower left hand corner of the window.
1-6. Wait for program approval from YouTube.
YouTube usually approves most Youtube channels as long as they adhere to the community guidelines specified by YouTube. You should get your approval within seconds confirming you are now a YouTube partner and have a “Partner Verified” status on your YouTube account. Your selected advertisements should appear on your YouTube channel and videos right away so you can start earning money through the program.
If you do not get approval for the program, your videos may have content that is not deemed original or you may have sexually explicit content, gratuitous violence, and hate speech in your videos, which are prohibited on YouTube. You will need to remove any unacceptable videos and reapply for the program.
2. Earning Money through the Program
2-1. Create an AdSense account through your YouTube Account.
To get paid through the YouTube partner program, you must have an AdSense account. You must be 18 years or older to get an AdSense account. You will be directed to set up an AdSense account through your YouTube account once you are approved for the partner program.
You can register several different YouTube accounts through the same AdSense account.
If you are younger than 18, you will need to ask a family member or friend who is 18 years or older to sign up for an AdSense account for you so they can receive revenue on your behalf.
2-2. Provide your email address and your billing information.
To set up the AdSense account, you will need to provide the email address that is linked to your YouTube account. You will also need to provide your full name, your home address, and your banking information.
If you are getting a parent or adult to register the account for you, they will need to provide this information.
2-3. Log into your AdSense account and start collecting revenue.
Once your account has been set up, log in and use your account to keep track of your earnings. If there are any issues with your payments, you can resolve them using your AdSense account.
If your revenue is not appearing in your account, make sure you do not have any payment holds on your account. Payment holds may be placed on your account by YouTube based on your billing information or location. You may need to provide tax statements to remove the payment holds.
3. Maintaining a Profitable Partner Channel
3-1. Enable monetization on your older videos.
As part of the YouTube partner program, you can enable advertising revenue on older videos you have already uploaded to your account. Locate the video you want to monetize and click the “$” next to the video. Then, click the “Monetize my video” box and choose the type of ads you’d like to appear on the video.
You may monetize older videos that continue to get a lot of views or that you plan to repost or recap in a new video.
3-2. Use the added features that come with being a YouTube partner.
With your partner verified account, you get access to features like live streaming, custom thumbnails, and in-video programming. Use these features to improve your YouTube channel and gain more subscribers.
Play around with using at least one new feature a week in your videos. You can also try adding a new segment for your subscribers where you use a feature like live streaming to offer new content to viewers.
3-3. Vary the advertisements you use in your videos.
Try not to select the same types of advertising for all your videos, as this can make your videos seem dull or unappealing to viewers. Instead, choose a variety of different advertising types for your videos. You may find you prefer certain types or that your subscribers respond best to a variety of ads.
You may need to experiment with picking different advertising types for different videos. For example, a video that is full of bold visuals and words on screen may do best with an advertisement that appears before the video plays, rather than a banner ad that will distract the viewer.
3-4. Offer paid subscriptions once you hit 10,000 subscribers.
YouTube has recently announced it will offer a paid subscription service to partner channels that have 10,000 or more subscribers. This means you can earn $0.99-$4.99 a month from subscribers who sign up for the service. You can then offer paid subscribers special content or extra perks to encourage them to pay to subscribe every month.
Keep in mind YouTube will still take a 55% cut your total earnings through this service, meaning you will earn about 45% of the profits.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:07",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Signing up for the Program\\n1-1. Find out if you qualify for the program.\\nTo qualify, your channel needs to have at least 10,000 lifetime views. You must also be 18 years or older to use the payment system set up by YouTube to earn revenue. If you are under 18 years old, you can get a family account through the payment system by asking a parent or friend 18 and older to apply for you.\\nYou also must live in a country where the program is available to apply. The YouTube Partner Program is available in around 20 countries. You can find a list of countries covered under the program on the YouTube website: https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/7101720?hl=en.\\n1-2. Enable the monetization status on your YouTube account.\\nStart by signing into your YouTube account. Then, select your account icon and click on “Creator Studio.” Then, select “Channel > Status features” on the menu that pops up. Look for the “Monetization” tab and click “Enable.”\\n1-3. Agree to the YouTube Partner Program terms.\\nRead through the terms to ensure you understand the terms and conditions. Click “accept” once you have read and agreed to the terms.\\nAs part of the terms, you must have a good standing status under the YouTube community guidelines. This means you must create original content only on your YouTube page that does not use music, images, or content made by someone else.\\nReview the community guidelines for YouTube to ensure your channel does not violate any rules on the YouTube website: https://www.youtube.com/yt/about/policies/#community-guidelines.\\n1-4. Select your monetizing options.\\nYou will be given 3 options: “Overlay In-Video Ads,” “TrueView In-Stream Ads,” and “Videos Contain a Product Placement.” Overlay In-Video Ads will appear on a banner in the video window during your videos. TrueView In-Stream Ads and Videos Contain a Product Placement means a short commercial or ad is played prior to your video is playing. In all cases, banner ads will automatically appear on your YouTube channel page.\\nYou must choose at least 1 option. You can choose all 3 options if you want to maximize your ad revenue.\\nYou can always adjust the types of ads that appear on your channel in the future or choose to show ads on specific videos on your channel.\\n1-5. Click “Monetize My Videos” to confirm your enrollment in the program.\\nThis button will appear on the lower left hand corner of the window.\\n1-6. Wait for program approval from YouTube.\\nYouTube usually approves most Youtube channels as long as they adhere to the community guidelines specified by YouTube. You should get your approval within seconds confirming you are now a YouTube partner and have a “Partner Verified” status on your YouTube account. Your selected advertisements should appear on your YouTube channel and videos right away so you can start earning money through the program.\\nIf you do not get approval for the program, your videos may have content that is not deemed original or you may have sexually explicit content, gratuitous violence, and hate speech in your videos, which are prohibited on YouTube. You will need to remove any unacceptable videos and reapply for the program.\\n2. Earning Money through the Program\\n2-1. Create an AdSense account through your YouTube Account.\\nTo get paid through the YouTube partner program, you must have an AdSense account. You must be 18 years or older to get an AdSense account. You will be directed to set up an AdSense account through your YouTube account once you are approved for the partner program.\\nYou can register several different YouTube accounts through the same AdSense account.\\nIf you are younger than 18, you will need to ask a family member or friend who is 18 years or older to sign up for an AdSense account for you so they can receive revenue on your behalf.\\n2-2. Provide your email address and your billing information.\\nTo set up the AdSense account, you will need to provide the email address that is linked to your YouTube account. You will also need to provide your full name, your home address, and your banking information.\\nIf you are getting a parent or adult to register the account for you, they will need to provide this information.\\n2-3. Log into your AdSense account and start collecting revenue.\\nOnce your account has been set up, log in and use your account to keep track of your earnings. If there are any issues with your payments, you can resolve them using your AdSense account.\\nIf your revenue is not appearing in your account, make sure you do not have any payment holds on your account. Payment holds may be placed on your account by YouTube based on your billing information or location. You may need to provide tax statements to remove the payment holds.\\n3. Maintaining a Profitable Partner Channel\\n3-1. Enable monetization on your older videos.\\nAs part of the YouTube partner program, you can enable advertising revenue on older videos you have already uploaded to your account. Locate the video you want to monetize and click the “$” next to the video. Then, click the “Monetize my video” box and choose the type of ads you’d like to appear on the video.\\nYou may monetize older videos that continue to get a lot of views or that you plan to repost or recap in a new video.\\n3-2. Use the added features that come with being a YouTube partner.\\nWith your partner verified account, you get access to features like live streaming, custom thumbnails, and in-video programming. Use these features to improve your YouTube channel and gain more subscribers.\\nPlay around with using at least one new feature a week in your videos. You can also try adding a new segment for your subscribers where you use a feature like live streaming to offer new content to viewers.\\n3-3. Vary the advertisements you use in your videos.\\nTry not to select the same types of advertising for all your videos, as this can make your videos seem dull or unappealing to viewers. Instead, choose a variety of different advertising types for your videos. You may find you prefer certain types or that your subscribers respond best to a variety of ads.\\nYou may need to experiment with picking different advertising types for different videos. For example, a video that is full of bold visuals and words on screen may do best with an advertisement that appears before the video plays, rather than a banner ad that will distract the viewer.\\n3-4. Offer paid subscriptions once you hit 10,000 subscribers.\\nYouTube has recently announced it will offer a paid subscription service to partner channels that have 10,000 or more subscribers. This means you can earn $0.99-$4.99 a month from subscribers who sign up for the service. You can then offer paid subscribers special content or extra perks to encourage them to pay to subscribe every month.\\nKeep in mind YouTube will still take a 55% cut your total earnings through this service, meaning you will earn about 45% of the profits.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Your YouTube videos are racking up views, and you're gaining new subscribers every day. You’re starting to wonder how you can earn money on your YouTube videos quickly and easily. YouTube offers a program called YouTube Partners that helps you increase your revenue and your subscribers. To become a YouTube partner, start by signing up for the program with your YouTube account. Then, earn money through the program and maintain your YouTube channel so you can gain more subscribers and turn a healthy profit.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Signing up for the Program\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find out if you qualify for the program.\", \"描述\": \"To qualify, your channel needs to have at least 10,000 lifetime views. You must also be 18 years or older to use the payment system set up by YouTube to earn revenue. If you are under 18 years old, you can get a family account through the payment system by asking a parent or friend 18 and older to apply for you.\\nYou also must live in a country where the program is available to apply. The YouTube Partner Program is available in around 20 countries. You can find a list of countries covered under the program on the YouTube website: https://support.google.com/youtube/answer/7101720?hl=en.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Enable the monetization status on your YouTube account.\", \"描述\": \"Start by signing into your YouTube account. Then, select your account icon and click on “Creator Studio.” Then, select “Channel > Status features” on the menu that pops up. Look for the “Monetization” tab and click “Enable.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Agree to the YouTube Partner Program terms.\", \"描述\": \"Read through the terms to ensure you understand the terms and conditions. Click “accept” once you have read and agreed to the terms.\\nAs part of the terms, you must have a good standing status under the YouTube community guidelines. This means you must create original content only on your YouTube page that does not use music, images, or content made by someone else.\\nReview the community guidelines for YouTube to ensure your channel does not violate any rules on the YouTube website: https://www.youtube.com/yt/about/policies/#community-guidelines.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Select your monetizing options.\", \"描述\": \"You will be given 3 options: “Overlay In-Video Ads,” “TrueView In-Stream Ads,” and “Videos Contain a Product Placement.” Overlay In-Video Ads will appear on a banner in the video window during your videos. TrueView In-Stream Ads and Videos Contain a Product Placement means a short commercial or ad is played prior to your video is playing. In all cases, banner ads will automatically appear on your YouTube channel page.\\nYou must choose at least 1 option. You can choose all 3 options if you want to maximize your ad revenue.\\nYou can always adjust the types of ads that appear on your channel in the future or choose to show ads on specific videos on your channel.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Click “Monetize My Videos” to confirm your enrollment in the program.\", \"描述\": \"This button will appear on the lower left hand corner of the window.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Wait for program approval from YouTube.\", \"描述\": \"YouTube usually approves most Youtube channels as long as they adhere to the community guidelines specified by YouTube. You should get your approval within seconds confirming you are now a YouTube partner and have a “Partner Verified” status on your YouTube account. Your selected advertisements should appear on your YouTube channel and videos right away so you can start earning money through the program.\\nIf you do not get approval for the program, your videos may have content that is not deemed original or you may have sexually explicit content, gratuitous violence, and hate speech in your videos, which are prohibited on YouTube. You will need to remove any unacceptable videos and reapply for the program.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Earning Money through the Program\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Create an AdSense account through your YouTube Account.\", \"描述\": \"To get paid through the YouTube partner program, you must have an AdSense account. You must be 18 years or older to get an AdSense account. You will be directed to set up an AdSense account through your YouTube account once you are approved for the partner program.\\nYou can register several different YouTube accounts through the same AdSense account.\\nIf you are younger than 18, you will need to ask a family member or friend who is 18 years or older to sign up for an AdSense account for you so they can receive revenue on your behalf.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Provide your email address and your billing information.\", \"描述\": \"To set up the AdSense account, you will need to provide the email address that is linked to your YouTube account. You will also need to provide your full name, your home address, and your banking information.\\nIf you are getting a parent or adult to register the account for you, they will need to provide this information.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Log into your AdSense account and start collecting revenue.\", \"描述\": \"Once your account has been set up, log in and use your account to keep track of your earnings. If there are any issues with your payments, you can resolve them using your AdSense account.\\nIf your revenue is not appearing in your account, make sure you do not have any payment holds on your account. Payment holds may be placed on your account by YouTube based on your billing information or location. You may need to provide tax statements to remove the payment holds.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Maintaining a Profitable Partner Channel\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Enable monetization on your older videos.\", \"描述\": \"As part of the YouTube partner program, you can enable advertising revenue on older videos you have already uploaded to your account. Locate the video you want to monetize and click the “$” next to the video. Then, click the “Monetize my video” box and choose the type of ads you’d like to appear on the video.\\nYou may monetize older videos that continue to get a lot of views or that you plan to repost or recap in a new video.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use the added features that come with being a YouTube partner.\", \"描述\": \"With your partner verified account, you get access to features like live streaming, custom thumbnails, and in-video programming. Use these features to improve your YouTube channel and gain more subscribers.\\nPlay around with using at least one new feature a week in your videos. You can also try adding a new segment for your subscribers where you use a feature like live streaming to offer new content to viewers.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Vary the advertisements you use in your videos.\", \"描述\": \"Try not to select the same types of advertising for all your videos, as this can make your videos seem dull or unappealing to viewers. Instead, choose a variety of different advertising types for your videos. You may find you prefer certain types or that your subscribers respond best to a variety of ads.\\nYou may need to experiment with picking different advertising types for different videos. For example, a video that is full of bold visuals and words on screen may do best with an advertisement that appears before the video plays, rather than a banner ad that will distract the viewer.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Offer paid subscriptions once you hit 10,000 subscribers.\", \"描述\": \"YouTube has recently announced it will offer a paid subscription service to partner channels that have 10,000 or more subscribers. This means you can earn $0.99-$4.99 a month from subscribers who sign up for the service. You can then offer paid subscribers special content or extra perks to encourage them to pay to subscribe every month.\\nKeep in mind YouTube will still take a 55% cut your total earnings through this service, meaning you will earn about 45% of the profits.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,895 |
How to Become a Young Inventor
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1. Coming up with an Awesome Idea
1-1. Identify a problem worth solving.
The very first step in any inventing process is to identify the problem that your invention will solve. Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What task could be done better or faster? What annoys you and how could you fix it?
Ask friends or family about daily problems they face and record their feedback.
The problem doesn't need to be new and the device doesn't need to be new. Even if a dozen designs for a particular device exist, you're still inventing something if you make a new design to do the same thing in a different way.
Be creative with your ideas. Not every idea will be a great one, but don’t be afraid to think outside the box.
Some problems that have been solved in the past include:
The telephone solved the problem of rapid communication. Before the telephone, the fastest way to communicate was using a telegraph and Morse code. With the telephone, you skip the translation of the code and speak directly to another individual!
Crayon holders: Invented by 12 year-old Cassidy Goldstein who solved the problem of coloring with broken crayons.
1-2. Keep an idea notebook.
Have you ever had a brilliant idea and then forgotten about it later? Carry a notebook around to take notes as ideas come to you so you don’t forget about them. Add a little note about how the idea came to you and write the date next to it.
Use your notebook to keep track of inventions you’re currently working on and to write down ideas about new inventions.
1-3. Make sure your idea doesn’t already exist.
You may have come up with a fantastic idea, but it’s possible that someone else has already thought of it. Do a quick search online to see if something similar has already been made. With your parents help, search for patents that might already exist for your idea.
If your idea does exist, don’t be discouraged; it just means that you came up with such a great solution that it has already been made.
1-4. Read about famous inventors and inventions.
People have been coming up with creative ways to solve problems for thousands of years. Reading about famous inventors and the inventions they came up with can spark your own problem-solving creativity. Learn about their process and apply it to your own life.
Be inspired by reading about other young inventors.
Look at other inventions in your surroundings and learn how they work. Inventions don't need to be complicated, simply functional.
1-5. Meet with other inventors.
Ask your parents to help you contact other inventors to meet with them. Ask them about their process and how they came up with their ideas. Getting first-hand information about what it takes to be an inventor is a great beginning step to becoming an inventor yourself.
Ask them how long it took them to come up with an idea and make a workable device.
Find out how much time and effort they put into their inventions. Did they ever come up with an idea that they couldn’t make work? What do they do when that happens?
2. Building Your Idea
2-1. Sketch your idea.
Draw out a basic diagram of what your invention will look like. Label every component and make notes in the margins about how various pieces will go together. List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project. Don’t hesitate to make multiple sketches of the same design until you are satisfied with the result.
Start the sketch with pencil so you can erase mistakes.
Use colored pencils or markers to add the finishing details.
If you’re a little more advanced, you can use a Computer Aided Design (CAD) program to make a 3D model of your invention on the computer.
2-2. Explain your idea to your parents.
Once you’ve come up with an idea and a basic sketch, talk to your parents about it. They may be able to help you with some of the details and point out any design flaws you may have missed. They can also give you an idea of how much supplies will cost and whether it is feasible to create a working prototype.
2-3. Gather the necessary materials to build a prototype.
A prototype is a working model of your idea. It will likely not be a very polished version, but will prove the concept behind the idea itself. You don’t need to use the highest quality materials, but simply ones that will give you a functional working device.
Make a list of everything you’ll need and how much of it is necessary.
Look around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use and then purchase the rest with permission from your parents. Try checking thrift stores and yard sales for parts that you can use. This will be much more cost effective and you will also be reusing materials.
Learn all you can about the things that will comprise your invention, whether those are wood or metal rods, circuits and software, motors and gears, or fabrics and threads. The more you know about how the pieces work and how they work together, the more robust your invention can be.
If you need any special tools for construction, ask your parents if they have them or if they know anyone who might have access to them. Find out if your school has a workshop that you can use.
2-4. Find a good time to build your invention.
If you will be working with power tools or other dangerous materials, you will likely need adult supervision. Ask your parents when they have enough free time to sit down with you and start building. If you have an older sibling, ask them if they can help you out as well.
If there are components that don’t need adult supervision, work on those when your parents are too busy to help you with the power tools.
2-5. Build the prototype of your idea.
Once you have all the materials you need and the necessary supervision for construction, you can build your prototype. Be precise in your building and try to make it as close as possible to the sketch you’ve made. Measure twice and cut once, and make sure to be consistent with measurements. Don’t switch from inches to centimeters or from feet to meters. You don’t want to mess anything up because you weren’t paying attention while measuring.
You may find that while building the prototype you have to change the design a bit. This is all part of the inventing process.
Always have a parent in the room with you while you are inventing. They know how to use the tools and will be a huge help.
If you have to use a hot glue gun, there are mini ones on the market. You can use those by yourself, but make sure a parent is in the room.
Wear old clothes you don't care about to avoid getting paint and glue all over good clothes.
2-6. Test your prototype.
Does your finished product work? Is it solving the problem the way you envisioned? Are there improvements you can make that will work better? Will a different material work better for the final construction? These are all important questions you need to ask yourself to decide if your idea is going to be a success.
Ask your parents to test out the device and if they have any suggestions for improvements. Ask them what they like about it and what they might change.
Constructive feedback is an important part of the process. If something isn’t working, use the information they give you to make it better.
3. Marketing Your Invention
3-1. Attend an invention workshop.
Invention workshops will guide you through the basics of coming up with an idea, building it, and then telling other people about why your idea is important and useful. There are young inventor workshops all over the world that you can sign-up for and participate in.
There are also camps available for young inventors that might be of interest.
3-2. Name your invention.
In most cases a simple name describing the function of your invention is sufficient, but a catchy name can also help people remember your product. Keep the name short and to-the-point. Avoid using a confusing or misleading name.
Come up with a few different names and ask your friends and family what sounds the best.
3-3. Draft a patent.
In order to protect your invention and claim it as your own, you must patent it. A patent is a legal document stating that you came up with the idea and proves that you own the invention. It prevents other people from stealing your idea.
The patent process can be complicated so ask your parents for help with this if it’s something you are seriously considering.
3-4. Reach out to investors.
If you want to mass produce your invention and start selling it to others, you will likely need to raise some money. Investors are individuals who give you money when you are first starting out so you can produce the product. In return, they will get some of the profits from the sales of product.
You can start by asking friends and family to help out.
Participating in inventor challenges can be a great start because many of them have cash prizes.
3-5. Compete in an inventor challenge.
Inventor challenge competitions are a great way to show your inventions. Some of these competitions may have specific problems that they are trying to solve, while others are completely open to submit whatever you like. If you have a working prototype, consider submitting it to an open competition.
Find a competition near you and register for it.
Turn in all of the components on time to be eligible for the competition.
Some of the top competitions include:
The Young Inventors’ Program, hosted by the Academy of Applied Science
The Invent It Challenge, hosted by the Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation
Warnings
Use all tools safely. If you're not sure how to take proper precautions, don't use them until you know.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:07",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Coming up with an Awesome Idea\\n1-1. Identify a problem worth solving.\\nThe very first step in any inventing process is to identify the problem that your invention will solve. Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What task could be done better or faster? What annoys you and how could you fix it?\\nAsk friends or family about daily problems they face and record their feedback.\\nThe problem doesn't need to be new and the device doesn't need to be new. Even if a dozen designs for a particular device exist, you're still inventing something if you make a new design to do the same thing in a different way.\\nBe creative with your ideas. Not every idea will be a great one, but don’t be afraid to think outside the box.\\nSome problems that have been solved in the past include:\\nThe telephone solved the problem of rapid communication. Before the telephone, the fastest way to communicate was using a telegraph and Morse code. With the telephone, you skip the translation of the code and speak directly to another individual!\\nCrayon holders: Invented by 12 year-old Cassidy Goldstein who solved the problem of coloring with broken crayons.\\n1-2. Keep an idea notebook.\\nHave you ever had a brilliant idea and then forgotten about it later? Carry a notebook around to take notes as ideas come to you so you don’t forget about them. Add a little note about how the idea came to you and write the date next to it.\\nUse your notebook to keep track of inventions you’re currently working on and to write down ideas about new inventions.\\n1-3. Make sure your idea doesn’t already exist.\\nYou may have come up with a fantastic idea, but it’s possible that someone else has already thought of it. Do a quick search online to see if something similar has already been made. With your parents help, search for patents that might already exist for your idea.\\nIf your idea does exist, don’t be discouraged; it just means that you came up with such a great solution that it has already been made.\\n1-4. Read about famous inventors and inventions.\\nPeople have been coming up with creative ways to solve problems for thousands of years. Reading about famous inventors and the inventions they came up with can spark your own problem-solving creativity. Learn about their process and apply it to your own life.\\nBe inspired by reading about other young inventors.\\nLook at other inventions in your surroundings and learn how they work. Inventions don't need to be complicated, simply functional.\\n1-5. Meet with other inventors.\\nAsk your parents to help you contact other inventors to meet with them. Ask them about their process and how they came up with their ideas. Getting first-hand information about what it takes to be an inventor is a great beginning step to becoming an inventor yourself.\\nAsk them how long it took them to come up with an idea and make a workable device.\\nFind out how much time and effort they put into their inventions. Did they ever come up with an idea that they couldn’t make work? What do they do when that happens?\\n2. Building Your Idea\\n2-1. Sketch your idea.\\nDraw out a basic diagram of what your invention will look like. Label every component and make notes in the margins about how various pieces will go together. List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project. Don’t hesitate to make multiple sketches of the same design until you are satisfied with the result.\\nStart the sketch with pencil so you can erase mistakes.\\nUse colored pencils or markers to add the finishing details.\\nIf you’re a little more advanced, you can use a Computer Aided Design (CAD) program to make a 3D model of your invention on the computer.\\n2-2. Explain your idea to your parents.\\nOnce you’ve come up with an idea and a basic sketch, talk to your parents about it. They may be able to help you with some of the details and point out any design flaws you may have missed. They can also give you an idea of how much supplies will cost and whether it is feasible to create a working prototype.\\n2-3. Gather the necessary materials to build a prototype.\\nA prototype is a working model of your idea. It will likely not be a very polished version, but will prove the concept behind the idea itself. You don’t need to use the highest quality materials, but simply ones that will give you a functional working device.\\nMake a list of everything you’ll need and how much of it is necessary.\\nLook around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use and then purchase the rest with permission from your parents. Try checking thrift stores and yard sales for parts that you can use. This will be much more cost effective and you will also be reusing materials.\\nLearn all you can about the things that will comprise your invention, whether those are wood or metal rods, circuits and software, motors and gears, or fabrics and threads. The more you know about how the pieces work and how they work together, the more robust your invention can be.\\nIf you need any special tools for construction, ask your parents if they have them or if they know anyone who might have access to them. Find out if your school has a workshop that you can use.\\n2-4. Find a good time to build your invention.\\nIf you will be working with power tools or other dangerous materials, you will likely need adult supervision. Ask your parents when they have enough free time to sit down with you and start building. If you have an older sibling, ask them if they can help you out as well.\\nIf there are components that don’t need adult supervision, work on those when your parents are too busy to help you with the power tools.\\n2-5. Build the prototype of your idea.\\nOnce you have all the materials you need and the necessary supervision for construction, you can build your prototype. Be precise in your building and try to make it as close as possible to the sketch you’ve made. Measure twice and cut once, and make sure to be consistent with measurements. Don’t switch from inches to centimeters or from feet to meters. You don’t want to mess anything up because you weren’t paying attention while measuring.\\nYou may find that while building the prototype you have to change the design a bit. This is all part of the inventing process.\\nAlways have a parent in the room with you while you are inventing. They know how to use the tools and will be a huge help.\\nIf you have to use a hot glue gun, there are mini ones on the market. You can use those by yourself, but make sure a parent is in the room.\\nWear old clothes you don't care about to avoid getting paint and glue all over good clothes.\\n2-6. Test your prototype.\\nDoes your finished product work? Is it solving the problem the way you envisioned? Are there improvements you can make that will work better? Will a different material work better for the final construction? These are all important questions you need to ask yourself to decide if your idea is going to be a success.\\nAsk your parents to test out the device and if they have any suggestions for improvements. Ask them what they like about it and what they might change.\\nConstructive feedback is an important part of the process. If something isn’t working, use the information they give you to make it better.\\n3. Marketing Your Invention\\n3-1. Attend an invention workshop.\\nInvention workshops will guide you through the basics of coming up with an idea, building it, and then telling other people about why your idea is important and useful. There are young inventor workshops all over the world that you can sign-up for and participate in.\\nThere are also camps available for young inventors that might be of interest.\\n3-2. Name your invention.\\nIn most cases a simple name describing the function of your invention is sufficient, but a catchy name can also help people remember your product. Keep the name short and to-the-point. Avoid using a confusing or misleading name.\\nCome up with a few different names and ask your friends and family what sounds the best.\\n3-3. Draft a patent.\\nIn order to protect your invention and claim it as your own, you must patent it. A patent is a legal document stating that you came up with the idea and proves that you own the invention. It prevents other people from stealing your idea.\\nThe patent process can be complicated so ask your parents for help with this if it’s something you are seriously considering.\\n3-4. Reach out to investors.\\nIf you want to mass produce your invention and start selling it to others, you will likely need to raise some money. Investors are individuals who give you money when you are first starting out so you can produce the product. In return, they will get some of the profits from the sales of product.\\nYou can start by asking friends and family to help out.\\nParticipating in inventor challenges can be a great start because many of them have cash prizes.\\n3-5. Compete in an inventor challenge.\\nInventor challenge competitions are a great way to show your inventions. Some of these competitions may have specific problems that they are trying to solve, while others are completely open to submit whatever you like. If you have a working prototype, consider submitting it to an open competition. \\nFind a competition near you and register for it.\\nTurn in all of the components on time to be eligible for the competition.\\nSome of the top competitions include:\\nThe Young Inventors’ Program, hosted by the Academy of Applied Science\\nThe Invent It Challenge, hosted by the Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation\\nWarnings\\nUse all tools safely. If you're not sure how to take proper precautions, don't use them until you know.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas? You might not know what to do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions. Maybe you don’t have any ideas yet, but want to know how to come up with them. With some research, planning, and prototyping, you can come up with ideas and then make these ideas into a working device.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Coming up with an Awesome Idea\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Identify a problem worth solving.\", \"描述\": \"The very first step in any inventing process is to identify the problem that your invention will solve. Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What task could be done better or faster? What annoys you and how could you fix it?\\nAsk friends or family about daily problems they face and record their feedback.\\nThe problem doesn't need to be new and the device doesn't need to be new. Even if a dozen designs for a particular device exist, you're still inventing something if you make a new design to do the same thing in a different way.\\nBe creative with your ideas. Not every idea will be a great one, but don’t be afraid to think outside the box.\\nSome problems that have been solved in the past include:\\nThe telephone solved the problem of rapid communication. Before the telephone, the fastest way to communicate was using a telegraph and Morse code. With the telephone, you skip the translation of the code and speak directly to another individual!\\nCrayon holders: Invented by 12 year-old Cassidy Goldstein who solved the problem of coloring with broken crayons.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep an idea notebook.\", \"描述\": \"Have you ever had a brilliant idea and then forgotten about it later? Carry a notebook around to take notes as ideas come to you so you don’t forget about them. Add a little note about how the idea came to you and write the date next to it.\\nUse your notebook to keep track of inventions you’re currently working on and to write down ideas about new inventions.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make sure your idea doesn’t already exist.\", \"描述\": \"You may have come up with a fantastic idea, but it’s possible that someone else has already thought of it. Do a quick search online to see if something similar has already been made. With your parents help, search for patents that might already exist for your idea.\\nIf your idea does exist, don’t be discouraged; it just means that you came up with such a great solution that it has already been made.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Read about famous inventors and inventions.\", \"描述\": \"People have been coming up with creative ways to solve problems for thousands of years. Reading about famous inventors and the inventions they came up with can spark your own problem-solving creativity. Learn about their process and apply it to your own life.\\nBe inspired by reading about other young inventors.\\nLook at other inventions in your surroundings and learn how they work. Inventions don't need to be complicated, simply functional.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Meet with other inventors.\", \"描述\": \"Ask your parents to help you contact other inventors to meet with them. Ask them about their process and how they came up with their ideas. Getting first-hand information about what it takes to be an inventor is a great beginning step to becoming an inventor yourself.\\nAsk them how long it took them to come up with an idea and make a workable device.\\nFind out how much time and effort they put into their inventions. Did they ever come up with an idea that they couldn’t make work? What do they do when that happens?\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Building Your Idea\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sketch your idea.\", \"描述\": \"Draw out a basic diagram of what your invention will look like. Label every component and make notes in the margins about how various pieces will go together. List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project. Don’t hesitate to make multiple sketches of the same design until you are satisfied with the result.\\nStart the sketch with pencil so you can erase mistakes.\\nUse colored pencils or markers to add the finishing details.\\nIf you’re a little more advanced, you can use a Computer Aided Design (CAD) program to make a 3D model of your invention on the computer.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Explain your idea to your parents.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve come up with an idea and a basic sketch, talk to your parents about it. They may be able to help you with some of the details and point out any design flaws you may have missed. They can also give you an idea of how much supplies will cost and whether it is feasible to create a working prototype.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Gather the necessary materials to build a prototype.\", \"描述\": \"A prototype is a working model of your idea. It will likely not be a very polished version, but will prove the concept behind the idea itself. You don’t need to use the highest quality materials, but simply ones that will give you a functional working device.\\nMake a list of everything you’ll need and how much of it is necessary.\\nLook around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use and then purchase the rest with permission from your parents. Try checking thrift stores and yard sales for parts that you can use. This will be much more cost effective and you will also be reusing materials.\\nLearn all you can about the things that will comprise your invention, whether those are wood or metal rods, circuits and software, motors and gears, or fabrics and threads. The more you know about how the pieces work and how they work together, the more robust your invention can be.\\nIf you need any special tools for construction, ask your parents if they have them or if they know anyone who might have access to them. Find out if your school has a workshop that you can use.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find a good time to build your invention.\", \"描述\": \"If you will be working with power tools or other dangerous materials, you will likely need adult supervision. Ask your parents when they have enough free time to sit down with you and start building. If you have an older sibling, ask them if they can help you out as well.\\nIf there are components that don’t need adult supervision, work on those when your parents are too busy to help you with the power tools.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Build the prototype of your idea.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have all the materials you need and the necessary supervision for construction, you can build your prototype. Be precise in your building and try to make it as close as possible to the sketch you’ve made. Measure twice and cut once, and make sure to be consistent with measurements. Don’t switch from inches to centimeters or from feet to meters. You don’t want to mess anything up because you weren’t paying attention while measuring.\\nYou may find that while building the prototype you have to change the design a bit. This is all part of the inventing process.\\nAlways have a parent in the room with you while you are inventing. They know how to use the tools and will be a huge help.\\nIf you have to use a hot glue gun, there are mini ones on the market. You can use those by yourself, but make sure a parent is in the room.\\nWear old clothes you don't care about to avoid getting paint and glue all over good clothes.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Test your prototype.\", \"描述\": \"Does your finished product work? Is it solving the problem the way you envisioned? Are there improvements you can make that will work better? Will a different material work better for the final construction? These are all important questions you need to ask yourself to decide if your idea is going to be a success.\\nAsk your parents to test out the device and if they have any suggestions for improvements. Ask them what they like about it and what they might change.\\nConstructive feedback is an important part of the process. If something isn’t working, use the information they give you to make it better.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Marketing Your Invention\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Attend an invention workshop.\", \"描述\": \"Invention workshops will guide you through the basics of coming up with an idea, building it, and then telling other people about why your idea is important and useful. There are young inventor workshops all over the world that you can sign-up for and participate in.\\nThere are also camps available for young inventors that might be of interest.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Name your invention.\", \"描述\": \"In most cases a simple name describing the function of your invention is sufficient, but a catchy name can also help people remember your product. Keep the name short and to-the-point. Avoid using a confusing or misleading name.\\nCome up with a few different names and ask your friends and family what sounds the best.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Draft a patent.\", \"描述\": \"In order to protect your invention and claim it as your own, you must patent it. A patent is a legal document stating that you came up with the idea and proves that you own the invention. It prevents other people from stealing your idea.\\nThe patent process can be complicated so ask your parents for help with this if it’s something you are seriously considering.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Reach out to investors.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to mass produce your invention and start selling it to others, you will likely need to raise some money. Investors are individuals who give you money when you are first starting out so you can produce the product. In return, they will get some of the profits from the sales of product.\\nYou can start by asking friends and family to help out.\\nParticipating in inventor challenges can be a great start because many of them have cash prizes.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Compete in an inventor challenge.\", \"描述\": \"Inventor challenge competitions are a great way to show your inventions. Some of these competitions may have specific problems that they are trying to solve, while others are completely open to submit whatever you like. If you have a working prototype, consider submitting it to an open competition. \\nFind a competition near you and register for it.\\nTurn in all of the components on time to be eligible for the competition.\\nSome of the top competitions include:\\nThe Young Inventors’ Program, hosted by the Academy of Applied Science\\nThe Invent It Challenge, hosted by the Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Use all tools safely. If you're not sure how to take proper precautions, don't use them until you know.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,896 |
How to Become a Zoologist
|
1. Earning the Proper Credentials
1-1. Choose the right program.
In order to become a zoologist, you will definitely have to earn a bachelor’s degree in a field related to zoology. Some universities will offer undergraduate degrees specifically in zoology or wildlife biology, but you could also major in biology, environmental science, or another closely related field.
When looking at different university programs, be sure to consider several different aspects of each university you are considering. You want to find a university that offers the program that you are interested in, but it should also be a good fit in terms of location, resource availability, and overall “personality” of the school.
Don’t forget to look into financial aid as well. You can consider loans as a way to finance your education, but don’t forget to look for grants and scholarships as well. Ask the university’s financial aid office about what opportunities are available, and also ask the department head about scholarships specifically for students of your major.
For example, attending a large, well-known university may look good on a resume, and may have more to offer in terms of educational opportunities and resources, but it may also be more difficult to get to know professors and access to those resources may be limited. On the other hand, a small university may not have the same prestige or resources, but may offer you a chance to really make a name for yourself by forging relationships with professors and other academic staff.
1-2. Earn a bachelor’s degree.
During your studies, you will likely need to take classes in biology, chemistry, math and physics in order to help you understand animal biology. You might also take courses in plant and animal science. Many programs will allow you to choose courses that suit your specific interest once you have completed a core curriculum.
You may be able to choose between completing a bachelor of arts or a bachelor of science. If you don’t plan to go further in your education, then you can choose whichever course of studies is more interesting to you. However, if you think you’d like to pursue graduate studies or do research, a bachelor of science may be more valuable because these programs tend to focus more on math and science.
It is important to keep your grades up during your studies. You may find yourself getting involved in extracurricular activities both related and unrelated to zoology, which is great. However, if you fail to keep your grades up you may be put on academic probation, or you may be unable to graduate.
If you are struggling to understand a specific topic, don’t be afraid to ask for help. Your first step should be to visit the professor during their office hours to discuss the matter. They may be willing to help you directly, they might also refer you to a university tutoring center, or to a private tutor directly.
1-3. Get involved in internships and research.
Look for opportunities that are in line with what you’d ultimately like to do with your career. For example, if you think that you are mostly interested in research, look for any opportunity you can to get involved with that. If your university has a graduate program in zoology or biology, ask to see if there are ways that an undergraduate student can help out.
If, on the other hand, you are more interested in being a zookeeper, then you might visit the local zoo or wildlife ranch to see if there are any ways that you can get involved.
Getting a job can be difficult in any industry if you have no experience. You may not see the value of spending your spare time helping someone else, but it will give you hands-on experience that can help you find a job later on.
Try to stay involved with activities related to expanding your skills outside of formal education as much as you can throughout your education. By doing this, you will have an impressive CV by the time you graduate.
1-4. Earn a master’s degree.
Though you may be able to find a job with just a bachelor’s degree, you will be much more competitive if you earn your master’s degree as well. If you enjoyed your experience at your undergraduate university you can look to see if the university offers a master’s degree program. On the other hand, attending a different university for your master’s degree offers an opportunity to forge new relationships and learn from professors and mentors who might have a different perspective.
A master’s degree is likely to be sufficient for any applied research job.
In many cases, you can fund your graduate studies through research assistantships. Be sure to look into the different opportunities your university offers.
1-5. Consider earning your Ph.D.
If you want to teach in a university or are primarily interested in conducting independent research, then earning a Ph.D. is likely the best option. Additionally, if you are interested in specializing in a specific area (e.g. aquatics, ecology, or marine biology), completing a Ph.D. will give you the chance to do so.
Look for Ph.D. programs that focus on the area that you are interested in. For example, if you are specifically interested in marine biology, then look for universities who are home to professors specializing in that area of research. Your Ph.D. advisor should have interests that are in line with your own.
2. Building Your Skills
2-1. Choose a specialty.
If you are interested in a specific area of zoology (e.g. birds, marine life, urban wildlife, etc.), then do your best to make that apparent as early as possible. This can be helpful in getting you a job related to that specific area.
For example, if you are interested specifically in urban foxes, then take every opportunity to demonstrate that interest. If you have to write a paper in your undergraduate about a topic of your choice, make sure it is about urban foxes. If you complete a master’s degree, focus your thesis on a specific hypothesis related to urban foxes. If you complete a Ph.D., make urban foxes the topic of your dissertation. Doing so will show potential employers what is important to you, and show that you have experience on the topic.
2-2. Get involved in research.
This is particularly useful if you are interested specifically in a research career. Even if you’re looking for a more applied career, involving yourself in research is still a good idea when looking for ways to gain experience. Having experience in research will help you understand how research is conducted in this field and how you can interpret findings when you are reading the literature in the future.
If you are still in university, make sure you are constantly asking for opportunities to get involved. Many professors are happy to pass along some of the work to a responsible student.
If you are unable to find opportunities within the university, don’t give up. Look for opportunities at a zoo, wildlife refuge, conservation society, or even a government agency.
2-3. Volunteer.
There is no such thing as doing too much volunteer work, as long as it isn’t affecting your studies or your well-being. Look for opportunities to get involved with anything that is wildlife-related. Shovel manure at the zoo if that’s the only opportunity you can find, pick up trash at a local conservation site. It may seem insignificant, but volunteer experience is a major plus for many potential employers.
If you are having a hard time finding advertisements for volunteer opportunities, don’t be afraid to take the initiative. For example, a local wildlife refuge may not have a volunteer program set up for a number of reasons, but if you show up and respectably ask how you can help, they are unlikely to turn you away.
2-4. Stay up to date with the latest research findings.
Zoology is a very research-oriented field, and you will need to stay current on new findings and trends. This involves staying up to date with the scientific literature.
In order to find scholarly articles you’ll have to do a bit of work. You can visit the university library to see if they have access to scientific journals related to zoology (e.g. Journal of Animal Ecology, Animal Behaviour, or Mammal Review). Additionally, joining associations related to this field will typically give you access to a few journals in exchange for your membership fee (e.g. Zoological Association of America).
3. Finding a Job
3-1. Be aware of the job outlook.
The field of zoology is growing, but it is growing more slowly than many other fields. The projected growth is 4% between 2012-2024, which means that, while there will be more jobs becoming available, the competition for these jobs will be high. If your dream is to become a zoologist, don’t let these statistics discourage you, just know that you will need to work hard to set yourself apart.
The median salary for a zoologist is about $60,000 per year in the US as of 2015. Be aware that this can vary significantly based on where you live and the type of work you do.
3-2. Learn about potential roles you could take on.
A zoologist can do any number of things. They can do research on a huge variety of topics ranging from the genetics of a specific animal all the way up to understanding the impact of a species on the environment. They can teach and write about the field. They can work in government agencies, in zoos, or at conservation sites.
Where you work depends on what you’re interested in. If you’re interested in looking for answers about animals, then a career in research might be great for you. If you’re interested in working directly with animals, a career at a zoo or wildlife ranch might be more your style.
3-3. Be prepared for traveling and spending time outdoors.
This doesn’t necessarily have to be the case, but many of the most sought after jobs in the field of zoology require the zoologist to travel in order to observe a particular animal in its natural habitat. Additionally, you may need to spend significant amounts of time outside regardless of the weather. If you don’t enjoy the outdoors, you probably won’t enjoy being a zoologist.
That said you could potentially become a zoologist and not have to travel at all; For example, by becoming a teacher or a laboratory researcher.
3-4. Make sure your resume is in good shape.
Without a well-written resume, you will have a tough time finding a job no matter how skilled you are. If you haven’t written a resume, you can write on one your own or you can hire a professional resume writing company. Either way, you’ll want to be sure that your resume highlights exactly why you are a great candidate.
If you are still in school, check to see if your university has a career services department. These departments typically offer free help with resume writing, so there is no reason not to take advantage of it.
3-5. Spend time networking.
When you’re just starting out, finding a job can feel like an impossible task, especially if you don’t have much experience, and you don’t have any contacts in the field. This is why you should spend time networking. If you start talking to people, you’ll likely find that most people found jobs because of someone they knew.
If you aren’t sure where to begin, try getting in touch with a professor you had a good relationship with at school or think of anyone you have met that works in the field. Send them an email re-introducing yourself, and remind them of when you met. Let them know that you are looking for networking opportunities. They may have good suggestions for events you could attend, or they may even put you in touch with someone they know.
Networking can feel scary at first, but it is one of the best ways to find a job. The first time you do it will be the most nerve-wracking, but it will get easier with time and practice.
3-6. Apply for jobs
Although networking may be one of the best ways to get a job, this doesn’t mean you don’t need to actually apply for different jobs. Search the internet with the job title you are seeking, and the location you are interested in. This will provide you with a list of websites where jobs are posted.
If you are looking for a job locally, be sure to look around town for job postings, and perhaps even in the newspaper. If there is a specific organization you’d like to work for, contact them directly to see what’s available.
Take your time preparing job applications. These days, the majority of job applications are submitted online, but you should still check what you’ve typed into the form diligently to avoid spelling errors. A sloppy job application will likely be disregarded without serious consideration.
Tips
If you’re still in high school you can already get started on your dream of becoming a zoologist. Take as many classes related to science as you can, especially classes in biology and chemistry.
Warnings
Before committing to a course of study, be sure to weigh the costs. A university education is a great thing, but it can be very expensive. Have a plan for how you will manage those costs over the long-term.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:07",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Earning the Proper Credentials\\n1-1. Choose the right program.\\nIn order to become a zoologist, you will definitely have to earn a bachelor’s degree in a field related to zoology. Some universities will offer undergraduate degrees specifically in zoology or wildlife biology, but you could also major in biology, environmental science, or another closely related field.\\nWhen looking at different university programs, be sure to consider several different aspects of each university you are considering. You want to find a university that offers the program that you are interested in, but it should also be a good fit in terms of location, resource availability, and overall “personality” of the school.\\nDon’t forget to look into financial aid as well. You can consider loans as a way to finance your education, but don’t forget to look for grants and scholarships as well. Ask the university’s financial aid office about what opportunities are available, and also ask the department head about scholarships specifically for students of your major.\\nFor example, attending a large, well-known university may look good on a resume, and may have more to offer in terms of educational opportunities and resources, but it may also be more difficult to get to know professors and access to those resources may be limited. On the other hand, a small university may not have the same prestige or resources, but may offer you a chance to really make a name for yourself by forging relationships with professors and other academic staff.\\n1-2. Earn a bachelor’s degree.\\nDuring your studies, you will likely need to take classes in biology, chemistry, math and physics in order to help you understand animal biology. You might also take courses in plant and animal science. Many programs will allow you to choose courses that suit your specific interest once you have completed a core curriculum.\\nYou may be able to choose between completing a bachelor of arts or a bachelor of science. If you don’t plan to go further in your education, then you can choose whichever course of studies is more interesting to you. However, if you think you’d like to pursue graduate studies or do research, a bachelor of science may be more valuable because these programs tend to focus more on math and science.\\nIt is important to keep your grades up during your studies. You may find yourself getting involved in extracurricular activities both related and unrelated to zoology, which is great. However, if you fail to keep your grades up you may be put on academic probation, or you may be unable to graduate.\\nIf you are struggling to understand a specific topic, don’t be afraid to ask for help. Your first step should be to visit the professor during their office hours to discuss the matter. They may be willing to help you directly, they might also refer you to a university tutoring center, or to a private tutor directly.\\n1-3. Get involved in internships and research.\\nLook for opportunities that are in line with what you’d ultimately like to do with your career. For example, if you think that you are mostly interested in research, look for any opportunity you can to get involved with that. If your university has a graduate program in zoology or biology, ask to see if there are ways that an undergraduate student can help out.\\nIf, on the other hand, you are more interested in being a zookeeper, then you might visit the local zoo or wildlife ranch to see if there are any ways that you can get involved.\\nGetting a job can be difficult in any industry if you have no experience. You may not see the value of spending your spare time helping someone else, but it will give you hands-on experience that can help you find a job later on.\\nTry to stay involved with activities related to expanding your skills outside of formal education as much as you can throughout your education. By doing this, you will have an impressive CV by the time you graduate.\\n1-4. Earn a master’s degree.\\nThough you may be able to find a job with just a bachelor’s degree, you will be much more competitive if you earn your master’s degree as well. If you enjoyed your experience at your undergraduate university you can look to see if the university offers a master’s degree program. On the other hand, attending a different university for your master’s degree offers an opportunity to forge new relationships and learn from professors and mentors who might have a different perspective.\\nA master’s degree is likely to be sufficient for any applied research job.\\nIn many cases, you can fund your graduate studies through research assistantships. Be sure to look into the different opportunities your university offers.\\n1-5. Consider earning your Ph.D.\\nIf you want to teach in a university or are primarily interested in conducting independent research, then earning a Ph.D. is likely the best option. Additionally, if you are interested in specializing in a specific area (e.g. aquatics, ecology, or marine biology), completing a Ph.D. will give you the chance to do so.\\nLook for Ph.D. programs that focus on the area that you are interested in. For example, if you are specifically interested in marine biology, then look for universities who are home to professors specializing in that area of research. Your Ph.D. advisor should have interests that are in line with your own.\\n2. Building Your Skills\\n2-1. Choose a specialty.\\nIf you are interested in a specific area of zoology (e.g. birds, marine life, urban wildlife, etc.), then do your best to make that apparent as early as possible. This can be helpful in getting you a job related to that specific area.\\nFor example, if you are interested specifically in urban foxes, then take every opportunity to demonstrate that interest. If you have to write a paper in your undergraduate about a topic of your choice, make sure it is about urban foxes. If you complete a master’s degree, focus your thesis on a specific hypothesis related to urban foxes. If you complete a Ph.D., make urban foxes the topic of your dissertation. Doing so will show potential employers what is important to you, and show that you have experience on the topic.\\n2-2. Get involved in research.\\nThis is particularly useful if you are interested specifically in a research career. Even if you’re looking for a more applied career, involving yourself in research is still a good idea when looking for ways to gain experience. Having experience in research will help you understand how research is conducted in this field and how you can interpret findings when you are reading the literature in the future.\\nIf you are still in university, make sure you are constantly asking for opportunities to get involved. Many professors are happy to pass along some of the work to a responsible student.\\nIf you are unable to find opportunities within the university, don’t give up. Look for opportunities at a zoo, wildlife refuge, conservation society, or even a government agency.\\n2-3. Volunteer.\\nThere is no such thing as doing too much volunteer work, as long as it isn’t affecting your studies or your well-being. Look for opportunities to get involved with anything that is wildlife-related. Shovel manure at the zoo if that’s the only opportunity you can find, pick up trash at a local conservation site. It may seem insignificant, but volunteer experience is a major plus for many potential employers.\\nIf you are having a hard time finding advertisements for volunteer opportunities, don’t be afraid to take the initiative. For example, a local wildlife refuge may not have a volunteer program set up for a number of reasons, but if you show up and respectably ask how you can help, they are unlikely to turn you away.\\n2-4. Stay up to date with the latest research findings.\\nZoology is a very research-oriented field, and you will need to stay current on new findings and trends. This involves staying up to date with the scientific literature.\\nIn order to find scholarly articles you’ll have to do a bit of work. You can visit the university library to see if they have access to scientific journals related to zoology (e.g. Journal of Animal Ecology, Animal Behaviour, or Mammal Review). Additionally, joining associations related to this field will typically give you access to a few journals in exchange for your membership fee (e.g. Zoological Association of America).\\n3. Finding a Job\\n3-1. Be aware of the job outlook.\\nThe field of zoology is growing, but it is growing more slowly than many other fields. The projected growth is 4% between 2012-2024, which means that, while there will be more jobs becoming available, the competition for these jobs will be high. If your dream is to become a zoologist, don’t let these statistics discourage you, just know that you will need to work hard to set yourself apart.\\nThe median salary for a zoologist is about $60,000 per year in the US as of 2015. Be aware that this can vary significantly based on where you live and the type of work you do.\\n3-2. Learn about potential roles you could take on.\\nA zoologist can do any number of things. They can do research on a huge variety of topics ranging from the genetics of a specific animal all the way up to understanding the impact of a species on the environment. They can teach and write about the field. They can work in government agencies, in zoos, or at conservation sites.\\nWhere you work depends on what you’re interested in. If you’re interested in looking for answers about animals, then a career in research might be great for you. If you’re interested in working directly with animals, a career at a zoo or wildlife ranch might be more your style.\\n3-3. Be prepared for traveling and spending time outdoors.\\nThis doesn’t necessarily have to be the case, but many of the most sought after jobs in the field of zoology require the zoologist to travel in order to observe a particular animal in its natural habitat. Additionally, you may need to spend significant amounts of time outside regardless of the weather. If you don’t enjoy the outdoors, you probably won’t enjoy being a zoologist.\\nThat said you could potentially become a zoologist and not have to travel at all; For example, by becoming a teacher or a laboratory researcher.\\n3-4. Make sure your resume is in good shape.\\nWithout a well-written resume, you will have a tough time finding a job no matter how skilled you are. If you haven’t written a resume, you can write on one your own or you can hire a professional resume writing company. Either way, you’ll want to be sure that your resume highlights exactly why you are a great candidate.\\nIf you are still in school, check to see if your university has a career services department. These departments typically offer free help with resume writing, so there is no reason not to take advantage of it.\\n3-5. Spend time networking.\\nWhen you’re just starting out, finding a job can feel like an impossible task, especially if you don’t have much experience, and you don’t have any contacts in the field. This is why you should spend time networking. If you start talking to people, you’ll likely find that most people found jobs because of someone they knew.\\nIf you aren’t sure where to begin, try getting in touch with a professor you had a good relationship with at school or think of anyone you have met that works in the field. Send them an email re-introducing yourself, and remind them of when you met. Let them know that you are looking for networking opportunities. They may have good suggestions for events you could attend, or they may even put you in touch with someone they know.\\nNetworking can feel scary at first, but it is one of the best ways to find a job. The first time you do it will be the most nerve-wracking, but it will get easier with time and practice.\\n3-6. Apply for jobs\\nAlthough networking may be one of the best ways to get a job, this doesn’t mean you don’t need to actually apply for different jobs. Search the internet with the job title you are seeking, and the location you are interested in. This will provide you with a list of websites where jobs are posted.\\nIf you are looking for a job locally, be sure to look around town for job postings, and perhaps even in the newspaper. If there is a specific organization you’d like to work for, contact them directly to see what’s available.\\nTake your time preparing job applications. These days, the majority of job applications are submitted online, but you should still check what you’ve typed into the form diligently to avoid spelling errors. A sloppy job application will likely be disregarded without serious consideration.\\nTips\\nIf you’re still in high school you can already get started on your dream of becoming a zoologist. Take as many classes related to science as you can, especially classes in biology and chemistry.\\nWarnings\\nBefore committing to a course of study, be sure to weigh the costs. A university education is a great thing, but it can be very expensive. Have a plan for how you will manage those costs over the long-term.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The field of zoology is focused on observing and understanding a number of different things about animals in and outside of their natural habitat. If you have a love for animals and enjoy learning about them, then a career in zoology might be a perfect fit for you. However, before committing to a career in this field, you should take the time to understand what credentials are required to become a zoologist, how you can build your skills as a zoologist, and what the job entails.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Earning the Proper Credentials\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose the right program.\", \"描述\": \"In order to become a zoologist, you will definitely have to earn a bachelor’s degree in a field related to zoology. Some universities will offer undergraduate degrees specifically in zoology or wildlife biology, but you could also major in biology, environmental science, or another closely related field.\\nWhen looking at different university programs, be sure to consider several different aspects of each university you are considering. You want to find a university that offers the program that you are interested in, but it should also be a good fit in terms of location, resource availability, and overall “personality” of the school.\\nDon’t forget to look into financial aid as well. You can consider loans as a way to finance your education, but don’t forget to look for grants and scholarships as well. Ask the university’s financial aid office about what opportunities are available, and also ask the department head about scholarships specifically for students of your major.\\nFor example, attending a large, well-known university may look good on a resume, and may have more to offer in terms of educational opportunities and resources, but it may also be more difficult to get to know professors and access to those resources may be limited. On the other hand, a small university may not have the same prestige or resources, but may offer you a chance to really make a name for yourself by forging relationships with professors and other academic staff.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Earn a bachelor’s degree.\", \"描述\": \"During your studies, you will likely need to take classes in biology, chemistry, math and physics in order to help you understand animal biology. You might also take courses in plant and animal science. Many programs will allow you to choose courses that suit your specific interest once you have completed a core curriculum.\\nYou may be able to choose between completing a bachelor of arts or a bachelor of science. If you don’t plan to go further in your education, then you can choose whichever course of studies is more interesting to you. However, if you think you’d like to pursue graduate studies or do research, a bachelor of science may be more valuable because these programs tend to focus more on math and science.\\nIt is important to keep your grades up during your studies. You may find yourself getting involved in extracurricular activities both related and unrelated to zoology, which is great. However, if you fail to keep your grades up you may be put on academic probation, or you may be unable to graduate.\\nIf you are struggling to understand a specific topic, don’t be afraid to ask for help. Your first step should be to visit the professor during their office hours to discuss the matter. They may be willing to help you directly, they might also refer you to a university tutoring center, or to a private tutor directly.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get involved in internships and research.\", \"描述\": \"Look for opportunities that are in line with what you’d ultimately like to do with your career. For example, if you think that you are mostly interested in research, look for any opportunity you can to get involved with that. If your university has a graduate program in zoology or biology, ask to see if there are ways that an undergraduate student can help out.\\nIf, on the other hand, you are more interested in being a zookeeper, then you might visit the local zoo or wildlife ranch to see if there are any ways that you can get involved.\\nGetting a job can be difficult in any industry if you have no experience. You may not see the value of spending your spare time helping someone else, but it will give you hands-on experience that can help you find a job later on.\\nTry to stay involved with activities related to expanding your skills outside of formal education as much as you can throughout your education. By doing this, you will have an impressive CV by the time you graduate.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Earn a master’s degree.\", \"描述\": \"Though you may be able to find a job with just a bachelor’s degree, you will be much more competitive if you earn your master’s degree as well. If you enjoyed your experience at your undergraduate university you can look to see if the university offers a master’s degree program. On the other hand, attending a different university for your master’s degree offers an opportunity to forge new relationships and learn from professors and mentors who might have a different perspective.\\nA master’s degree is likely to be sufficient for any applied research job.\\nIn many cases, you can fund your graduate studies through research assistantships. Be sure to look into the different opportunities your university offers.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Consider earning your Ph.D.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to teach in a university or are primarily interested in conducting independent research, then earning a Ph.D. is likely the best option. Additionally, if you are interested in specializing in a specific area (e.g. aquatics, ecology, or marine biology), completing a Ph.D. will give you the chance to do so.\\nLook for Ph.D. programs that focus on the area that you are interested in. For example, if you are specifically interested in marine biology, then look for universities who are home to professors specializing in that area of research. Your Ph.D. advisor should have interests that are in line with your own.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Building Your Skills\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose a specialty.\", \"描述\": \"If you are interested in a specific area of zoology (e.g. birds, marine life, urban wildlife, etc.), then do your best to make that apparent as early as possible. This can be helpful in getting you a job related to that specific area.\\nFor example, if you are interested specifically in urban foxes, then take every opportunity to demonstrate that interest. If you have to write a paper in your undergraduate about a topic of your choice, make sure it is about urban foxes. If you complete a master’s degree, focus your thesis on a specific hypothesis related to urban foxes. If you complete a Ph.D., make urban foxes the topic of your dissertation. Doing so will show potential employers what is important to you, and show that you have experience on the topic.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get involved in research.\", \"描述\": \"This is particularly useful if you are interested specifically in a research career. Even if you’re looking for a more applied career, involving yourself in research is still a good idea when looking for ways to gain experience. Having experience in research will help you understand how research is conducted in this field and how you can interpret findings when you are reading the literature in the future.\\nIf you are still in university, make sure you are constantly asking for opportunities to get involved. Many professors are happy to pass along some of the work to a responsible student.\\nIf you are unable to find opportunities within the university, don’t give up. Look for opportunities at a zoo, wildlife refuge, conservation society, or even a government agency.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Volunteer.\", \"描述\": \"There is no such thing as doing too much volunteer work, as long as it isn’t affecting your studies or your well-being. Look for opportunities to get involved with anything that is wildlife-related. Shovel manure at the zoo if that’s the only opportunity you can find, pick up trash at a local conservation site. It may seem insignificant, but volunteer experience is a major plus for many potential employers.\\nIf you are having a hard time finding advertisements for volunteer opportunities, don’t be afraid to take the initiative. For example, a local wildlife refuge may not have a volunteer program set up for a number of reasons, but if you show up and respectably ask how you can help, they are unlikely to turn you away.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stay up to date with the latest research findings.\", \"描述\": \"Zoology is a very research-oriented field, and you will need to stay current on new findings and trends. This involves staying up to date with the scientific literature.\\nIn order to find scholarly articles you’ll have to do a bit of work. You can visit the university library to see if they have access to scientific journals related to zoology (e.g. Journal of Animal Ecology, Animal Behaviour, or Mammal Review). Additionally, joining associations related to this field will typically give you access to a few journals in exchange for your membership fee (e.g. Zoological Association of America).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finding a Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be aware of the job outlook.\", \"描述\": \"The field of zoology is growing, but it is growing more slowly than many other fields. The projected growth is 4% between 2012-2024, which means that, while there will be more jobs becoming available, the competition for these jobs will be high. If your dream is to become a zoologist, don’t let these statistics discourage you, just know that you will need to work hard to set yourself apart.\\nThe median salary for a zoologist is about $60,000 per year in the US as of 2015. Be aware that this can vary significantly based on where you live and the type of work you do.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn about potential roles you could take on.\", \"描述\": \"A zoologist can do any number of things. They can do research on a huge variety of topics ranging from the genetics of a specific animal all the way up to understanding the impact of a species on the environment. They can teach and write about the field. They can work in government agencies, in zoos, or at conservation sites.\\nWhere you work depends on what you’re interested in. If you’re interested in looking for answers about animals, then a career in research might be great for you. If you’re interested in working directly with animals, a career at a zoo or wildlife ranch might be more your style.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be prepared for traveling and spending time outdoors.\", \"描述\": \"This doesn’t necessarily have to be the case, but many of the most sought after jobs in the field of zoology require the zoologist to travel in order to observe a particular animal in its natural habitat. Additionally, you may need to spend significant amounts of time outside regardless of the weather. If you don’t enjoy the outdoors, you probably won’t enjoy being a zoologist.\\nThat said you could potentially become a zoologist and not have to travel at all; For example, by becoming a teacher or a laboratory researcher.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make sure your resume is in good shape.\", \"描述\": \"Without a well-written resume, you will have a tough time finding a job no matter how skilled you are. If you haven’t written a resume, you can write on one your own or you can hire a professional resume writing company. Either way, you’ll want to be sure that your resume highlights exactly why you are a great candidate.\\nIf you are still in school, check to see if your university has a career services department. These departments typically offer free help with resume writing, so there is no reason not to take advantage of it.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Spend time networking.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re just starting out, finding a job can feel like an impossible task, especially if you don’t have much experience, and you don’t have any contacts in the field. This is why you should spend time networking. If you start talking to people, you’ll likely find that most people found jobs because of someone they knew.\\nIf you aren’t sure where to begin, try getting in touch with a professor you had a good relationship with at school or think of anyone you have met that works in the field. Send them an email re-introducing yourself, and remind them of when you met. Let them know that you are looking for networking opportunities. They may have good suggestions for events you could attend, or they may even put you in touch with someone they know.\\nNetworking can feel scary at first, but it is one of the best ways to find a job. The first time you do it will be the most nerve-wracking, but it will get easier with time and practice.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Apply for jobs\", \"描述\": \"Although networking may be one of the best ways to get a job, this doesn’t mean you don’t need to actually apply for different jobs. Search the internet with the job title you are seeking, and the location you are interested in. This will provide you with a list of websites where jobs are posted.\\nIf you are looking for a job locally, be sure to look around town for job postings, and perhaps even in the newspaper. If there is a specific organization you’d like to work for, contact them directly to see what’s available.\\nTake your time preparing job applications. These days, the majority of job applications are submitted online, but you should still check what you’ve typed into the form diligently to avoid spelling errors. A sloppy job application will likely be disregarded without serious consideration.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you’re still in high school you can already get started on your dream of becoming a zoologist. Take as many classes related to science as you can, especially classes in biology and chemistry.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Before committing to a course of study, be sure to weigh the costs. A university education is a great thing, but it can be very expensive. Have a plan for how you will manage those costs over the long-term.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,897 |
How to Become an AKA
|
1. Joining Alpha Kappa Alpha as an Undergraduate
1-1. Attend a university with an AKA chapter.
If you know you’d like to join AKA prior to choosing a school, consider colleges with their own chapter. If your school doesn’t have a chapter, look up local undergraduate city chapters. Your school might be affiliated with them.
The only difference between a city chapter and a university one is the membership pool. City chapters serve all participating colleges in the area, allowing you to bond with sisters across town.
1-2. Earn at least 12 credit hours in one semester.
You must be a full-time student for at least one semester immediately before applying. Carefully plan your semester in advance.
1-3. Maintain a cumulative GPA of C+ or better.
Your semester average should also be no worse than a C+. If your school uses a 4.0 scale, the numerical equivalent to a C+ is a 2.50.
Some chapters or schools might require a higher semester and/or cumulative average for undergrads.
1-4. Complete the AKA Undergraduate Membership Interest Application.
The application is available on their website, aka1908.com, with a pre-Rush checklist. Some parts of the submission package include an official current transcript, two reference letters, and a letter explaining what you’ll bring to AKA.
Arrange your submission materials in the order given on the checklist.
Your reference letters cannot be written by other undergrads. Ask professors, high school administrators, or employers.
You’ll need proof of campus or community involvement from the last two years. Participate in campus clubs like the school newspaper or an entrepreneurial club. Or highlight your community service to show your commitment to aiding others.
1-5. Attend the official Rush.
Rush begins the undergrad membership process. It lasts about 4 days, with each day sporting a different focus. If you don’t attend Rush, you’re ineligible for AKA consideration.
Add a reminder on your phone so you remember Rush’s location, time, and date.
Day 1 introduces you to all the houses at your school. Day 2 and 3 vary by college, but might include a skit, philanthropy presentation, or a craft, along with a house tour. Day 4 is Preference, where you’ll learn the traditions and values of the house.
Plan your outfits beforehand. Day 1 is the most casual, so try dark jeans and a sweater. Upgrade to a skirt and sandals for Day 2, and heels on Day 3. On Day 4, wear a cocktail dress and a statement necklace.
1-6. Begin the official Membership Intake Process (MiP).
You’ll start this process when you receive a Letter of Acceptance after Rush. There are no membership activities between Rush and receiving an acceptance letter, and participating in prohibited events during this time could impact potential membership. Be patient until your letter arrives, then follow next steps when prompted.
Your school might enforce additional conditions before you can seek membership.
Pledging is not required to join AKA. Knowingly participating in pledge activities could hurt your chances of becoming an AKA, as it’s not part of the process.
2. Becoming an AKA as a College Graduate
2-1. Meet the minimum requirements for graduate consideration.
The requirements are nearly identical to the undergraduate ones, but you must also have a completed degree, either baccalaureate or graduate/professional. These degrees must be from an accredited school, and a C+ minimum cumulative average is required.
The sorority expects all members to promote AKA programs and policies as they enforce them across the organization.
2-2. Learn the rules for joining as a college graduate.
You must be invited in order to begin the application process. This means the members at your graduate chapter must recognize your interest and offer to include you based on your talents and enthusiasm.
2-3. Stay up to date on local graduate chapter events.
Members of the sorority host and attend events that are often open to the public, so participate regularly. Highlight your interest so members can seriously consider whether you’re a match for AKA.
Look at your local chapter’s online calendar for events that interest you. Perhaps the chapter is holding a seminar on a topic you find fascinating. Or maybe there’s a gala, and you love to dress up and socialize.
2-4. Acquaint yourself with the members of your local chapter.
It’s not enough to show your face at all the panels and parties. Network and genuinely learn about the people at the chapter near you. Making an effort to understand the structure shows your investment in the organization.
Learn the positions within the chapter and who holds each role.
Be friendly and interested in the people you meet. You might make a lifelong friend.
Be genuine. If people think you’re being fake or flattering them only so you can acquire an invitation, they’ll be less willing to consider you as a prospective candidate.
2-5. Wait for your Letter of Invitation.
It could be a long time before you receive a formal invitation, allowing you to take the next steps. This is especially true if you have no personal connections to the sorority, like friends or family. Use your time wisely and let relationships develop naturally between you and the members.
2-6. Attend the Information Session after receiving your invitation.
You’ll receive a Letter of Invitation signed by the graduate chapter president and the membership chairman on chapter stationery. Your letter will direct you to the Information Session, where you’ll need to bring certain documents.
The required paperwork will be outlined in your Letter of Invitation; read carefully so you don’t miss anything.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:07",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Joining Alpha Kappa Alpha as an Undergraduate\\n1-1. Attend a university with an AKA chapter.\\nIf you know you’d like to join AKA prior to choosing a school, consider colleges with their own chapter. If your school doesn’t have a chapter, look up local undergraduate city chapters. Your school might be affiliated with them.\\nThe only difference between a city chapter and a university one is the membership pool. City chapters serve all participating colleges in the area, allowing you to bond with sisters across town.\\n1-2. Earn at least 12 credit hours in one semester.\\nYou must be a full-time student for at least one semester immediately before applying. Carefully plan your semester in advance.\\n1-3. Maintain a cumulative GPA of C+ or better.\\nYour semester average should also be no worse than a C+. If your school uses a 4.0 scale, the numerical equivalent to a C+ is a 2.50.\\nSome chapters or schools might require a higher semester and/or cumulative average for undergrads.\\n1-4. Complete the AKA Undergraduate Membership Interest Application.\\nThe application is available on their website, aka1908.com, with a pre-Rush checklist. Some parts of the submission package include an official current transcript, two reference letters, and a letter explaining what you’ll bring to AKA.\\nArrange your submission materials in the order given on the checklist.\\nYour reference letters cannot be written by other undergrads. Ask professors, high school administrators, or employers.\\nYou’ll need proof of campus or community involvement from the last two years. Participate in campus clubs like the school newspaper or an entrepreneurial club. Or highlight your community service to show your commitment to aiding others.\\n1-5. Attend the official Rush.\\nRush begins the undergrad membership process. It lasts about 4 days, with each day sporting a different focus. If you don’t attend Rush, you’re ineligible for AKA consideration.\\nAdd a reminder on your phone so you remember Rush’s location, time, and date.\\nDay 1 introduces you to all the houses at your school. Day 2 and 3 vary by college, but might include a skit, philanthropy presentation, or a craft, along with a house tour. Day 4 is Preference, where you’ll learn the traditions and values of the house.\\nPlan your outfits beforehand. Day 1 is the most casual, so try dark jeans and a sweater. Upgrade to a skirt and sandals for Day 2, and heels on Day 3. On Day 4, wear a cocktail dress and a statement necklace.\\n1-6. Begin the official Membership Intake Process (MiP).\\nYou’ll start this process when you receive a Letter of Acceptance after Rush. There are no membership activities between Rush and receiving an acceptance letter, and participating in prohibited events during this time could impact potential membership. Be patient until your letter arrives, then follow next steps when prompted.\\nYour school might enforce additional conditions before you can seek membership.\\nPledging is not required to join AKA. Knowingly participating in pledge activities could hurt your chances of becoming an AKA, as it’s not part of the process.\\n2. Becoming an AKA as a College Graduate\\n2-1. Meet the minimum requirements for graduate consideration.\\nThe requirements are nearly identical to the undergraduate ones, but you must also have a completed degree, either baccalaureate or graduate/professional. These degrees must be from an accredited school, and a C+ minimum cumulative average is required.\\nThe sorority expects all members to promote AKA programs and policies as they enforce them across the organization.\\n2-2. Learn the rules for joining as a college graduate.\\nYou must be invited in order to begin the application process. This means the members at your graduate chapter must recognize your interest and offer to include you based on your talents and enthusiasm.\\n2-3. Stay up to date on local graduate chapter events.\\nMembers of the sorority host and attend events that are often open to the public, so participate regularly. Highlight your interest so members can seriously consider whether you’re a match for AKA.\\nLook at your local chapter’s online calendar for events that interest you. Perhaps the chapter is holding a seminar on a topic you find fascinating. Or maybe there’s a gala, and you love to dress up and socialize.\\n2-4. Acquaint yourself with the members of your local chapter.\\nIt’s not enough to show your face at all the panels and parties. Network and genuinely learn about the people at the chapter near you. Making an effort to understand the structure shows your investment in the organization.\\nLearn the positions within the chapter and who holds each role.\\nBe friendly and interested in the people you meet. You might make a lifelong friend.\\nBe genuine. If people think you’re being fake or flattering them only so you can acquire an invitation, they’ll be less willing to consider you as a prospective candidate.\\n2-5. Wait for your Letter of Invitation.\\nIt could be a long time before you receive a formal invitation, allowing you to take the next steps. This is especially true if you have no personal connections to the sorority, like friends or family. Use your time wisely and let relationships develop naturally between you and the members.\\n2-6. Attend the Information Session after receiving your invitation.\\nYou’ll receive a Letter of Invitation signed by the graduate chapter president and the membership chairman on chapter stationery. Your letter will direct you to the Information Session, where you’ll need to bring certain documents.\\nThe required paperwork will be outlined in your Letter of Invitation; read carefully so you don’t miss anything.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Alpha Kappa Alpha is a community service-focused sorority for African American women. As an undergraduate, find a local AKA chapter and meet the minimum requirements to apply. Next, complete the Membership Interest Application and attend Rush. For college grads, you must be invited to join. But you can still network with members and participate in chapter events for an opportunity.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Joining Alpha Kappa Alpha as an Undergraduate\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Attend a university with an AKA chapter.\", \"描述\": \"If you know you’d like to join AKA prior to choosing a school, consider colleges with their own chapter. If your school doesn’t have a chapter, look up local undergraduate city chapters. Your school might be affiliated with them.\\nThe only difference between a city chapter and a university one is the membership pool. City chapters serve all participating colleges in the area, allowing you to bond with sisters across town.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Earn at least 12 credit hours in one semester.\", \"描述\": \"You must be a full-time student for at least one semester immediately before applying. Carefully plan your semester in advance.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Maintain a cumulative GPA of C+ or better.\", \"描述\": \"Your semester average should also be no worse than a C+. If your school uses a 4.0 scale, the numerical equivalent to a C+ is a 2.50.\\nSome chapters or schools might require a higher semester and/or cumulative average for undergrads.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Complete the AKA Undergraduate Membership Interest Application.\", \"描述\": \"The application is available on their website, aka1908.com, with a pre-Rush checklist. Some parts of the submission package include an official current transcript, two reference letters, and a letter explaining what you’ll bring to AKA.\\nArrange your submission materials in the order given on the checklist.\\nYour reference letters cannot be written by other undergrads. Ask professors, high school administrators, or employers.\\nYou’ll need proof of campus or community involvement from the last two years. Participate in campus clubs like the school newspaper or an entrepreneurial club. Or highlight your community service to show your commitment to aiding others.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Attend the official Rush.\", \"描述\": \"Rush begins the undergrad membership process. It lasts about 4 days, with each day sporting a different focus. If you don’t attend Rush, you’re ineligible for AKA consideration.\\nAdd a reminder on your phone so you remember Rush’s location, time, and date.\\nDay 1 introduces you to all the houses at your school. Day 2 and 3 vary by college, but might include a skit, philanthropy presentation, or a craft, along with a house tour. Day 4 is Preference, where you’ll learn the traditions and values of the house.\\nPlan your outfits beforehand. Day 1 is the most casual, so try dark jeans and a sweater. Upgrade to a skirt and sandals for Day 2, and heels on Day 3. On Day 4, wear a cocktail dress and a statement necklace.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Begin the official Membership Intake Process (MiP).\", \"描述\": \"You’ll start this process when you receive a Letter of Acceptance after Rush. There are no membership activities between Rush and receiving an acceptance letter, and participating in prohibited events during this time could impact potential membership. Be patient until your letter arrives, then follow next steps when prompted.\\nYour school might enforce additional conditions before you can seek membership.\\nPledging is not required to join AKA. Knowingly participating in pledge activities could hurt your chances of becoming an AKA, as it’s not part of the process.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Becoming an AKA as a College Graduate\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meet the minimum requirements for graduate consideration.\", \"描述\": \"The requirements are nearly identical to the undergraduate ones, but you must also have a completed degree, either baccalaureate or graduate/professional. These degrees must be from an accredited school, and a C+ minimum cumulative average is required.\\nThe sorority expects all members to promote AKA programs and policies as they enforce them across the organization.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn the rules for joining as a college graduate.\", \"描述\": \"You must be invited in order to begin the application process. This means the members at your graduate chapter must recognize your interest and offer to include you based on your talents and enthusiasm.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stay up to date on local graduate chapter events.\", \"描述\": \"Members of the sorority host and attend events that are often open to the public, so participate regularly. Highlight your interest so members can seriously consider whether you’re a match for AKA.\\nLook at your local chapter’s online calendar for events that interest you. Perhaps the chapter is holding a seminar on a topic you find fascinating. Or maybe there’s a gala, and you love to dress up and socialize.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Acquaint yourself with the members of your local chapter.\", \"描述\": \"It’s not enough to show your face at all the panels and parties. Network and genuinely learn about the people at the chapter near you. Making an effort to understand the structure shows your investment in the organization.\\nLearn the positions within the chapter and who holds each role.\\nBe friendly and interested in the people you meet. You might make a lifelong friend.\\nBe genuine. If people think you’re being fake or flattering them only so you can acquire an invitation, they’ll be less willing to consider you as a prospective candidate.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Wait for your Letter of Invitation.\", \"描述\": \"It could be a long time before you receive a formal invitation, allowing you to take the next steps. This is especially true if you have no personal connections to the sorority, like friends or family. Use your time wisely and let relationships develop naturally between you and the members.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Attend the Information Session after receiving your invitation.\", \"描述\": \"You’ll receive a Letter of Invitation signed by the graduate chapter president and the membership chairman on chapter stationery. Your letter will direct you to the Information Session, where you’ll need to bring certain documents.\\nThe required paperwork will be outlined in your Letter of Invitation; read carefully so you don’t miss anything.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,898 |
How to Become an ATM Technician
|
1. Steps
1-1. Maintain a pristine criminal record.
An ATM technician has access to large amounts of cash during the course of their daily activities; however, any discrepancy with an ATM balance will leave an employee at risk for termination and prosecution. In order to be hired at any job, you will be required to undergo a thorough background and reference check.
1-2. Obtain a high school diploma or equivalency.
In order to get the required training you will be required to prove you have received a General Educational Development (GED) certificate or a diploma. This is usually the minimum educational requirement to enroll in technical training programs; however, some exceptions may be made for people who have not completed an equivalency certificate but have high aptitude.
1-3. Enroll in a mechanics vocational program.
These programs are available in some technical high schools and in most technical colleges. You will need to have a basic understanding of mechanics in order to receive training on ATM machines.
An associate's degree is an advisable path. If you want to seek an associate's degree, consider an associate's of applied science or installation and repair. If you want to seek a bachelor's degree, consider mechanical engineering or electronics.
1-4. Seek an ATM repair certificate.
There are a few ways to get this qualification.
Search for a community college or vocational school program in ATM repair. Although these programs are somewhat rare, they will be the best resource for certification and job placement. Call vocational schools to find the best program.
Enroll in a private ATM training course. A few companies, such as ATM Gurus and TestLink Services Ltd, provide training on ATM repair for $800 to $1,000 for a 1 to 3 day training session. Make sure these courses are accredited and offer a certificate.
Apply for a job with an ATM manufacturer or company that provides on the job training. If you already have some mechanical training, this is the best option. You will be sent to a training session before starting work. You will receive a certificate and then begin work with the same type of machines that you were trained to use.
1-5. Apply for a job with an ATM repair company or ATM manufacturer.
Many banks contract out their ATM maintenance to these companies. You are more likely to maintain regular work by being employed in this manner.
1-6. Become a freelance ATM repairman.
Some people in this industry work on a contract basis. If you want to retire or freelance, then you can start an ATM repair business after gaining many years of experience and excellent employer recommendations.
Warnings
Beware that many ATM techs are asked to repair machines at night. They must also troubleshoot during unscheduled times, in case an ATM breaks down.
ATM require less maintenance than they used to. It is a good idea to learn computer repair, office machine repair or other certificates from a vocational school in order to ensure you will have enough work.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:08",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Maintain a pristine criminal record.\\nAn ATM technician has access to large amounts of cash during the course of their daily activities; however, any discrepancy with an ATM balance will leave an employee at risk for termination and prosecution. In order to be hired at any job, you will be required to undergo a thorough background and reference check.\\n1-2. Obtain a high school diploma or equivalency.\\nIn order to get the required training you will be required to prove you have received a General Educational Development (GED) certificate or a diploma. This is usually the minimum educational requirement to enroll in technical training programs; however, some exceptions may be made for people who have not completed an equivalency certificate but have high aptitude.\\n1-3. Enroll in a mechanics vocational program.\\nThese programs are available in some technical high schools and in most technical colleges. You will need to have a basic understanding of mechanics in order to receive training on ATM machines.\\nAn associate's degree is an advisable path. If you want to seek an associate's degree, consider an associate's of applied science or installation and repair. If you want to seek a bachelor's degree, consider mechanical engineering or electronics.\\n1-4. Seek an ATM repair certificate.\\nThere are a few ways to get this qualification.\\nSearch for a community college or vocational school program in ATM repair. Although these programs are somewhat rare, they will be the best resource for certification and job placement. Call vocational schools to find the best program.\\nEnroll in a private ATM training course. A few companies, such as ATM Gurus and TestLink Services Ltd, provide training on ATM repair for $800 to $1,000 for a 1 to 3 day training session. Make sure these courses are accredited and offer a certificate.\\nApply for a job with an ATM manufacturer or company that provides on the job training. If you already have some mechanical training, this is the best option. You will be sent to a training session before starting work. You will receive a certificate and then begin work with the same type of machines that you were trained to use.\\n1-5. Apply for a job with an ATM repair company or ATM manufacturer.\\nMany banks contract out their ATM maintenance to these companies. You are more likely to maintain regular work by being employed in this manner.\\n1-6. Become a freelance ATM repairman.\\nSome people in this industry work on a contract basis. If you want to retire or freelance, then you can start an ATM repair business after gaining many years of experience and excellent employer recommendations.\\nWarnings\\nBeware that many ATM techs are asked to repair machines at night. They must also troubleshoot during unscheduled times, in case an ATM breaks down.\\nATM require less maintenance than they used to. It is a good idea to learn computer repair, office machine repair or other certificates from a vocational school in order to ensure you will have enough work.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Automated Teller Machines (ATM) dispense money and carry information about bank accounts for bank customers around the world. ATM are capable of processing thousands of transactions per day; however, they require regular maintenance to perform. ATM technicians service ATM machines, replacing parts, distributing cash and troubleshooting. A trained ATM tech must be trustworthy, apt with mechanics and able to perform security duties with money as needed. ATM require fewer repairs than they used to, so this field has become increasingly competitive. Find out how to become an ATM technician.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Maintain a pristine criminal record.\", \"描述\": \"An ATM technician has access to large amounts of cash during the course of their daily activities; however, any discrepancy with an ATM balance will leave an employee at risk for termination and prosecution. In order to be hired at any job, you will be required to undergo a thorough background and reference check.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Obtain a high school diploma or equivalency.\", \"描述\": \"In order to get the required training you will be required to prove you have received a General Educational Development (GED) certificate or a diploma. This is usually the minimum educational requirement to enroll in technical training programs; however, some exceptions may be made for people who have not completed an equivalency certificate but have high aptitude.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Enroll in a mechanics vocational program.\", \"描述\": \"These programs are available in some technical high schools and in most technical colleges. You will need to have a basic understanding of mechanics in order to receive training on ATM machines.\\nAn associate's degree is an advisable path. If you want to seek an associate's degree, consider an associate's of applied science or installation and repair. If you want to seek a bachelor's degree, consider mechanical engineering or electronics.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Seek an ATM repair certificate.\", \"描述\": \"There are a few ways to get this qualification.\\nSearch for a community college or vocational school program in ATM repair. Although these programs are somewhat rare, they will be the best resource for certification and job placement. Call vocational schools to find the best program.\\nEnroll in a private ATM training course. A few companies, such as ATM Gurus and TestLink Services Ltd, provide training on ATM repair for $800 to $1,000 for a 1 to 3 day training session. Make sure these courses are accredited and offer a certificate.\\nApply for a job with an ATM manufacturer or company that provides on the job training. If you already have some mechanical training, this is the best option. You will be sent to a training session before starting work. You will receive a certificate and then begin work with the same type of machines that you were trained to use.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Apply for a job with an ATM repair company or ATM manufacturer.\", \"描述\": \"Many banks contract out their ATM maintenance to these companies. You are more likely to maintain regular work by being employed in this manner.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Become a freelance ATM repairman.\", \"描述\": \"Some people in this industry work on a contract basis. If you want to retire or freelance, then you can start an ATM repair business after gaining many years of experience and excellent employer recommendations.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Beware that many ATM techs are asked to repair machines at night. They must also troubleshoot during unscheduled times, in case an ATM breaks down.\\n\", \"ATM require less maintenance than they used to. It is a good idea to learn computer repair, office machine repair or other certificates from a vocational school in order to ensure you will have enough work.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,899 |
How to Become an Academic
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1. Considering an Academic Career
1-1. Learn about being an academic.
Someone who pursues an academic career often works at a university or research institution in a specific discipline such as biology, history, or political science. During their graduate program, academics generally spend 1 or more years working as teaching assistants at a college or university. These are paid positions that feature tuition and fee waivers in addition to a paycheck for teaching 1-2 classes each academic term. You'll also need to conduct research and complete projects, such as a dissertation. Once you graduate, you'll need to competitively seek employment at a college or university, where you'll continue your research, writing, and teaching. If you like studying, writing essays, and teaching, academia might be a good choice for you.
Investigate your job options. The U.S. Department of Labor analyzes job opportunities in 800 fields in its Occupational Outlook Handbook that is published annually and on its website bls.gov. Enter 'Occupational Outlook Handbook' in the bls.gov search window. It's increasingly difficult to find permanent or tenured jobs in academia.
Researching, writing, taking part in academic conferences, and teaching something about which you are passionate can be incredibly rewarding and make academia seem less like a “job.”
1-2. Talk to an academic.
If you think you want to be an academic, consider meeting someone who is already one in the your desired field or discipline. They can tell you about the realities of academia, answer questions you have, give you tips for getting started, and guide your goals for the future.
In the U.S., college and university professors have regular office hours each week as part of their employment. Members of the public can schedule a half hour to an hour appointment to ask questions about entering the profession. If a senior professor is too busy to have time, usually a younger professor will be suggested who is up to date on the most recent trends concerning entering the field and transitioning from graduate school to employment.
Inquire how they got into their academic career. Ask about their education and/ or any professional or practical experience they had.
1-3. Think about your personality.
An academic career can be very demanding. You'll need to constantly be learning about new concepts and sharing that knowledge in a variety of modes, such as journal articles, books, and the classes you teach. You'll also need to compete for positions. In addition, working with a university faculty can require navigating delicate personal and political situations. You will need to set aside your own emotions and biases to provide equal treatment of all. You might want to ask yourself some of the following questions:
How deep is my commitment to this field?
Am I willing to potentially move often and continuously pursue jobs?
Am I willing to start part-time as an adjunct faculty member?
Am I able to work in an unstructured environment and self-start projects?
Can I create and pursue my own research topics?
Am I willing to participate on a campus committee that has meetings?
Do I want to be a mentor to students?
Can I handle the competitive nature of this career?
1-4. Consider your career and salary goals.
Academics often choose their career because it's their passion. However, the jobs you get may depend on what's available at the time. Additionally, salary can vary wildly, as high paying positions are limited. People with the same credentials can make vastly different salaries.
Ask yourself if you'd like to teach and work with students.
Consider if you're only interested in working with other academics, such as in a think tank.
Look up salary amounts in your area. Consider if you can adapt your lifestyle if necessary. For example, a full professor will make considerably more than an adjunct professor or lecturer. The amount can also differ according to your experience and job location.
Think about the other skills you can use to add to your income, and if you'd be willing to take on other work. For example, community college, college, and university faculty in the U.S. sometimes make a significant portion of their income through authoring or co-authoring textbooks used in their fields.
2. Getting Education and Experience
2-1. Finish your bachelor's degree.
You have to finish your bachelor's degree to pursue a PhD, which is generally the education requirement for a career in academia. Take classes in the discipline that you'd like to be an academic to give yourself an advantage of getting into graduate programs and make attaining your PhD somewhat easier.
Save all of your undergraduate and graduate essays, since you may need them when you apply to graduate programs to show as an example of your work. Additionally, they may inspire your future research.
Consider majoring in your preferred academic discipline or one closely related to it. For example, if you want to be an animal behaviorist, you could major in ethology or comparative psychology. If you want to be a historian, you could consider anthropology or philosophy.
Take courses that complement your preferred field of specialization. For example, if want to be an archaeologist, consider classes in history and anthropology.
2-2. Substitute teach to gain experience, if you aren't sure about academia.
With a bachelor's degree in the U.S., you can substitute teach almost anywhere, as long as you have a clean background check. This will allow you to try out the teaching profession for a year with pay to see if you like being in front of the classroom. This also allows you to apply for a graduate teaching assistantship with teaching experience.
If you already know you want to be an academic, you may want to immediately enter an advanced degree program. However, substituting still provides valuable experience to help further your prospects.
2-3. Obtain an advanced degree.
After your bachelor's degree, the next step will be your master's degree. Depending on the field, you may choose a Master of Arts, Master of Science, or Master of Fine Arts. Most academic positions require a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) once you've finished your bachelor's degree or master's degree. Having the right degrees ensures to you—and potential employers-- that you have mastered the required information to pursue a career in academia.
For example, in the U.S., a newly hired assistant professor is frequently assigned to teach courses in the dissertation field, since the new PhD has been vetted already in that topic by a faculty committee in his or her graduate school program.
2-4. Pursue your PhD.
Since most academics teach and do research at universities or colleges, you will need a graduate degree. Most institutions require a PhD, though some institutions and disciplines may only require an MA or MS, or even professional experience.
Some programs allow you to earn both your MA and PhD at the same time, though you'll need to complete the coursework for your MA before pursuing the PhD coursework.
Learn about different programs in your specific discipline. Different universities have different disciplines and fields in which they specialize. For example, if you want to be an animal behaviorist, you might want to find specific programs in this field or related fields. Likewise, if you want to be a historian of Europe, you'd want to figure out the best programs for that instead of for American history.
Make sure your degree granting institution is accredited, which assures that the quality of your education meets acceptable levels. The US Department of Educations provides a list of accredited universities.
2-5. Conduct research.
Most academics conduct original research and then publish it. You'll prepare a dissertation as part of your graduate program. Once you start working as an academic, you'll write articles, books, and other media. Research or creative production is often the bread and butter of any academic.
Be aware that the point of “scholarship” is to expand current knowledge of your particular field.
Make sure your research is original and that no one has used your specific topic and/or method of analysis before you begin. This will require that you master the scholarly literature related to your field.
Choose an area that hasn't been explored in depth.
Make sure to get any permissions or clearances you need to do your research, especially if it requires using human or animal subjects.
Take copious and detailed notes, as this will help you write up and publish your research. You should maintain digital files with notes that include your citations. Then, when you are faced with seminar papers, theses, and dissertation writing, you can cull through these digital files rather than having to start from scratch.
2-6. Publish your findings when they're ready.
One of the primary components of being an academic is publishing your research findings. In fact, sometimes one will hear the phrase “publish or perish.” Start by submitting to journals and conferences. Aim to publish your research at a rate commensurate to your field.
Your thesis is a good starting topic for your dissertation, and your dissertation is a good starting presentation for your first book.
Wait to publish your thesis or dissertation until after it's been accepted. A master's thesis and a PhD dissertation are commonly only acceptable in the U.S. if the material has not already been published--even by the same author.
Begin publishing your research as soon as it is ready, including if you are still in graduate school unless your department or your graduate school only accepts unpublished materials for the thesis/dissertation.
Ask colleagues and friends about what general expectations for publication within your field are. If you work at a university, there may be guidelines on publication expectations.
Aim to publish with the most prestigious academic presses or peer-reviewed journals in your field as possible. This can help you gain exposure and may help complete your portfolio for tenure. Note that print and online journals have 'author guidelines' that you need to check concerning how the specific journal requires submissions to be made.
2-7. Teach courses in your field.
Many academics who work at universities conduct research and teach students. Getting teaching experience in your specific and possibly related fields can not only make you attractive to potential employers, but also help you master your field and round out your curriculum vitae.
Cultural centers, retirement communities, cruise lines, recreational centers and other unexpected places will frequently host academic speakers who are still building a tenure portfolio. Some pay; some accept volunteers only. Keep a copy of each publicity material issued, since you will want to include those in a section on 'Public Presentations in your tenure portfolio.
See if your university requires being a teaching assistant (TA) as a part of your graduate studies. If your campus has a shortage of teaching assistants, consider volunteering to be a TA in a different field than yours to show your ability to be flexible as an academic. For example, if you work on American history, offer to TA a course on African history. This may help you make connections with your own work as well.
Ask if you can teach independent or online courses in your field.
Volunteer to teach courses that may be less popular. The more diversified your teaching experience is, the more attractive you may be to potential employers. Junior faculty are frequently hired to teach the courses senior faculty do not wish to teach. Then over the years, the junior faculty gain the opportunities to list their favorite topics in the curriculum. This develops as colleagues become acquainted and gain trust.
2-8. Obtain practical experience.
Depending on your chosen discipline, consider getting an internship or job that will enhance your coursework with practical experience. Ask if your university or college can help you find internships or jobs that complement your studies.
Be aware that many graduate programs and employers, particularly in health fields or the sciences, may require internships or practical experience to graduate or start a job.
Graduate students in the arts most often have the privilege of reserving campus performance space for free. If your campus has an intellectual property attorney, get a copy of a release for performers to sign that allows you to digitize excepts of the performance for your tenure portfolio--and make certain you save copies of the program/publicity materials to document your efforts. If the campus newspaper or community newspaper publishes review, you should retain a copy of that, also, to document your success
Consider doing an internship complementary to your field. For example, it may be difficult to find an internship as a historian or archaeologist. But you could intern in a library or archives, which would give you experience in conducting research. Explore what is available to you in 'ethnography,' also.
Get different types of experience to give you sense of what work you could do and what kind of work suits you best. For example, you may want to work for your university astronomy lab during the school year and pursue an internship at a local planetarium in the summer.
Many internships and residencies, like universities, are also accredited. The US Department of Education also offers a list of these programs.
2-9. Apply for funding.
Whether you are a student or have finished your graduate education, apply for grants and fellowships from your university and outside institutions. Winning grants and fellowships can not only help pay for your research but also attract other organizations to fund you .
Look for grant and fellowship opportunities at different universities and colleges, research institutions, government agencies, or independent groups. See Chronicle of Philanthropy and its annual register of grants offered. For example, if you are a physicist, see what funding opportunities your university, the National Science Foundation, and the European Physical Society offer. You want to compete for the most prestigious grants as well as smaller ones.
Be aware that some institutions will require that you be a member in order to apply for funding.
2-10. Stay on top of current research.
Inform yourself about current research/performance in your discipline and specific field, as well as any related fields. You can do this by attending conferences and seminars, reading journals, and networking with colleagues. This knowledge may help you more effectively do your job and can also make you attractive to potential employers.
Read journals from your specifics areas of expertise and those related to it. For example, if you work on the history of cultural heritage, you might want to read publications by historians, anthropologists, ethnographers, and archaeologists. Legal journals may also be of use.
Subscribe to journals related to your specific fields, read online journals, and familiarize yourself with library collections of periodicals in your field. This can help you stay most current on research through articles and reviews. You may also find job listings in these journals.
Go to conferences for your specific discipline and field. For example, if you are a quantum physicist, you could attend the American Physical Society's annual conference as well as that of International Quantum Structure Association. Some of these professional associations also offer academic placement services. For example, College Composition and Communications assists graduate students in obtaining placement in non-fiction writing and in speech making.
Be aware that staying on top of current research can also help your teaching profile. As an academic, you will be expected to have things to say, and keeping up with research and performance in your discipline gives you things to talk about person to person with colleagues and in the classroom when you are fielding student questions.
3. Finding Job Opportunities
3-1. Start your job search early.
Ideally, you will learn about shortage areas in your field by reading job postings. Being aware of shortages allows you to add a few graduate courses in those shortage areas, so that you can provide 'coverage' for those topics when you are hired into a faculty. If you wait until you finish your PhD to find a job, your skills might not match the demand, and you may have trouble securing even a term position as an adjunct.
3-2. Reference the job posting when you apply.
Always tie something in your background to the specific requirements listed in the job posting. Make your application relevant to the needs of the institution to which you are applying.
Start researching universities, agencies, institutions, and organizations with which you may be interested in working when you enter graduate school. Discuss with your graduate faculty what research problems your field is trying to solve, and figure out whether any of those research problems interests you for your thesis/dissertation. Cross check that with job offerings.
Ask your doctoral advisor, professors, colleagues, friends, and especially the student placement office for advice on where, when, and how to apply for academic jobs.
3-3. Submit job applications.
Most academics work at places like universities and research institutions. Because competition for academic positions in many fields is strong, apply to as many positions as you can in your field or related fields.
If you have met with any faculty from the posting department, mention that you are applying because of the good impression the department made at the specific conference, how, and why.
Prepare yourself for rejection. Competition for academic jobs can be very high, and it's very likely you'll have several rejections. Remember that the decision is not personal, but that you're likely in a pool of other very qualified candidates.
Search the websites or publications of professional academic associations every day. New jobs may appear daily. Academic positions are generally posted 6 to 9 months before the position is to begin.
Check online listserves specific to your discipline or field.
Talk to your advisor, professors, or colleagues if they're aware of any job openings. They will generally refer you to published sources that you then need to examine frequently. Once a listing produces hundreds of responses, the posting will generally be taken down, so if you are not watching for postings, you probably will miss some.
Submit material requested by the position ad. This often includes a cover letter, CV, writing samples, and proof of ability to obtain funding, if the department position is not funded by the school.
3-4. Consider professional positions.
You may prefer a professional position with a business rather than a job at a university or may not have had any luck on the academic market. There are a multitude of options for academics at places like think tanks, government agencies, or museums.
Remember that you can also try substitute teaching while you seek other positions.
Look for professional positions in academic publications, newspapers, professional recruiting sites, or by asking headhunters.
Submit letters of interest and ask about career opportunities at places that interest you. See if you can set up an informational interview.
3-5. Network with other academics.
Meeting and talking with academic colleagues or professionals from your field or related disciplines can expand your ability to find a job as well as increase your knowledge. Go to conferences, establish a local seminar, and join professional organizations to network with fellow academics.
Join organizations in your specific discipline and field. For example, if you are a historian of modern Germany you might want to join the American Historical Association and the German Studies Association.
Go to conferences. Make sure to attend panels related to your work and any social events offered. These can help you meet new people who share your interests. Academics want to be known in their fields. Being an academic is a social role in addition to a continuing study function
Set up regular meetings or seminar meetings for colleagues in your field and discipline or related disciplines in your local area. Keep the publicity materials for inclusion in your tenure portfolio. These portfolios can be inches thick or feet thick depending on the academic discipline. Circulate feedback forms and retain the most positive ones for inclusion in your tenure portfolio.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:08",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Considering an Academic Career\\n1-1. Learn about being an academic.\\nSomeone who pursues an academic career often works at a university or research institution in a specific discipline such as biology, history, or political science. During their graduate program, academics generally spend 1 or more years working as teaching assistants at a college or university. These are paid positions that feature tuition and fee waivers in addition to a paycheck for teaching 1-2 classes each academic term. You'll also need to conduct research and complete projects, such as a dissertation. Once you graduate, you'll need to competitively seek employment at a college or university, where you'll continue your research, writing, and teaching. If you like studying, writing essays, and teaching, academia might be a good choice for you. \\nInvestigate your job options. The U.S. Department of Labor analyzes job opportunities in 800 fields in its Occupational Outlook Handbook that is published annually and on its website bls.gov. Enter 'Occupational Outlook Handbook' in the bls.gov search window. It's increasingly difficult to find permanent or tenured jobs in academia.\\nResearching, writing, taking part in academic conferences, and teaching something about which you are passionate can be incredibly rewarding and make academia seem less like a “job.”\\n1-2. Talk to an academic.\\nIf you think you want to be an academic, consider meeting someone who is already one in the your desired field or discipline. They can tell you about the realities of academia, answer questions you have, give you tips for getting started, and guide your goals for the future. \\nIn the U.S., college and university professors have regular office hours each week as part of their employment. Members of the public can schedule a half hour to an hour appointment to ask questions about entering the profession. If a senior professor is too busy to have time, usually a younger professor will be suggested who is up to date on the most recent trends concerning entering the field and transitioning from graduate school to employment.\\nInquire how they got into their academic career. Ask about their education and/ or any professional or practical experience they had.\\n1-3. Think about your personality.\\nAn academic career can be very demanding. You'll need to constantly be learning about new concepts and sharing that knowledge in a variety of modes, such as journal articles, books, and the classes you teach. You'll also need to compete for positions. In addition, working with a university faculty can require navigating delicate personal and political situations. You will need to set aside your own emotions and biases to provide equal treatment of all. You might want to ask yourself some of the following questions:\\nHow deep is my commitment to this field?\\nAm I willing to potentially move often and continuously pursue jobs?\\nAm I willing to start part-time as an adjunct faculty member?\\nAm I able to work in an unstructured environment and self-start projects?\\nCan I create and pursue my own research topics?\\nAm I willing to participate on a campus committee that has meetings?\\nDo I want to be a mentor to students?\\nCan I handle the competitive nature of this career?\\n1-4. Consider your career and salary goals.\\nAcademics often choose their career because it's their passion. However, the jobs you get may depend on what's available at the time. Additionally, salary can vary wildly, as high paying positions are limited. People with the same credentials can make vastly different salaries.\\nAsk yourself if you'd like to teach and work with students.\\nConsider if you're only interested in working with other academics, such as in a think tank.\\nLook up salary amounts in your area. Consider if you can adapt your lifestyle if necessary. For example, a full professor will make considerably more than an adjunct professor or lecturer. The amount can also differ according to your experience and job location.\\nThink about the other skills you can use to add to your income, and if you'd be willing to take on other work. For example, community college, college, and university faculty in the U.S. sometimes make a significant portion of their income through authoring or co-authoring textbooks used in their fields.\\n2. Getting Education and Experience\\n2-1. Finish your bachelor's degree.\\nYou have to finish your bachelor's degree to pursue a PhD, which is generally the education requirement for a career in academia. Take classes in the discipline that you'd like to be an academic to give yourself an advantage of getting into graduate programs and make attaining your PhD somewhat easier.\\nSave all of your undergraduate and graduate essays, since you may need them when you apply to graduate programs to show as an example of your work. Additionally, they may inspire your future research.\\nConsider majoring in your preferred academic discipline or one closely related to it. For example, if you want to be an animal behaviorist, you could major in ethology or comparative psychology. If you want to be a historian, you could consider anthropology or philosophy.\\nTake courses that complement your preferred field of specialization. For example, if want to be an archaeologist, consider classes in history and anthropology.\\n2-2. Substitute teach to gain experience, if you aren't sure about academia.\\nWith a bachelor's degree in the U.S., you can substitute teach almost anywhere, as long as you have a clean background check. This will allow you to try out the teaching profession for a year with pay to see if you like being in front of the classroom. This also allows you to apply for a graduate teaching assistantship with teaching experience.\\nIf you already know you want to be an academic, you may want to immediately enter an advanced degree program. However, substituting still provides valuable experience to help further your prospects.\\n2-3. Obtain an advanced degree.\\nAfter your bachelor's degree, the next step will be your master's degree. Depending on the field, you may choose a Master of Arts, Master of Science, or Master of Fine Arts. Most academic positions require a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) once you've finished your bachelor's degree or master's degree. Having the right degrees ensures to you—and potential employers-- that you have mastered the required information to pursue a career in academia.\\nFor example, in the U.S., a newly hired assistant professor is frequently assigned to teach courses in the dissertation field, since the new PhD has been vetted already in that topic by a faculty committee in his or her graduate school program.\\n2-4. Pursue your PhD.\\nSince most academics teach and do research at universities or colleges, you will need a graduate degree. Most institutions require a PhD, though some institutions and disciplines may only require an MA or MS, or even professional experience.\\nSome programs allow you to earn both your MA and PhD at the same time, though you'll need to complete the coursework for your MA before pursuing the PhD coursework.\\nLearn about different programs in your specific discipline. Different universities have different disciplines and fields in which they specialize. For example, if you want to be an animal behaviorist, you might want to find specific programs in this field or related fields. Likewise, if you want to be a historian of Europe, you'd want to figure out the best programs for that instead of for American history.\\nMake sure your degree granting institution is accredited, which assures that the quality of your education meets acceptable levels. The US Department of Educations provides a list of accredited universities.\\n2-5. Conduct research.\\nMost academics conduct original research and then publish it. You'll prepare a dissertation as part of your graduate program. Once you start working as an academic, you'll write articles, books, and other media. Research or creative production is often the bread and butter of any academic.\\nBe aware that the point of “scholarship” is to expand current knowledge of your particular field.\\nMake sure your research is original and that no one has used your specific topic and/or method of analysis before you begin. This will require that you master the scholarly literature related to your field.\\nChoose an area that hasn't been explored in depth.\\nMake sure to get any permissions or clearances you need to do your research, especially if it requires using human or animal subjects.\\nTake copious and detailed notes, as this will help you write up and publish your research. You should maintain digital files with notes that include your citations. Then, when you are faced with seminar papers, theses, and dissertation writing, you can cull through these digital files rather than having to start from scratch.\\n2-6. Publish your findings when they're ready.\\nOne of the primary components of being an academic is publishing your research findings. In fact, sometimes one will hear the phrase “publish or perish.” Start by submitting to journals and conferences. Aim to publish your research at a rate commensurate to your field.\\nYour thesis is a good starting topic for your dissertation, and your dissertation is a good starting presentation for your first book.\\nWait to publish your thesis or dissertation until after it's been accepted. A master's thesis and a PhD dissertation are commonly only acceptable in the U.S. if the material has not already been published--even by the same author.\\nBegin publishing your research as soon as it is ready, including if you are still in graduate school unless your department or your graduate school only accepts unpublished materials for the thesis/dissertation.\\nAsk colleagues and friends about what general expectations for publication within your field are. If you work at a university, there may be guidelines on publication expectations.\\nAim to publish with the most prestigious academic presses or peer-reviewed journals in your field as possible. This can help you gain exposure and may help complete your portfolio for tenure. Note that print and online journals have 'author guidelines' that you need to check concerning how the specific journal requires submissions to be made.\\n2-7. Teach courses in your field.\\nMany academics who work at universities conduct research and teach students. Getting teaching experience in your specific and possibly related fields can not only make you attractive to potential employers, but also help you master your field and round out your curriculum vitae.\\nCultural centers, retirement communities, cruise lines, recreational centers and other unexpected places will frequently host academic speakers who are still building a tenure portfolio. Some pay; some accept volunteers only. Keep a copy of each publicity material issued, since you will want to include those in a section on 'Public Presentations in your tenure portfolio.\\nSee if your university requires being a teaching assistant (TA) as a part of your graduate studies. If your campus has a shortage of teaching assistants, consider volunteering to be a TA in a different field than yours to show your ability to be flexible as an academic. For example, if you work on American history, offer to TA a course on African history. This may help you make connections with your own work as well.\\nAsk if you can teach independent or online courses in your field.\\nVolunteer to teach courses that may be less popular. The more diversified your teaching experience is, the more attractive you may be to potential employers. Junior faculty are frequently hired to teach the courses senior faculty do not wish to teach. Then over the years, the junior faculty gain the opportunities to list their favorite topics in the curriculum. This develops as colleagues become acquainted and gain trust.\\n2-8. Obtain practical experience.\\nDepending on your chosen discipline, consider getting an internship or job that will enhance your coursework with practical experience. Ask if your university or college can help you find internships or jobs that complement your studies.\\nBe aware that many graduate programs and employers, particularly in health fields or the sciences, may require internships or practical experience to graduate or start a job.\\nGraduate students in the arts most often have the privilege of reserving campus performance space for free. If your campus has an intellectual property attorney, get a copy of a release for performers to sign that allows you to digitize excepts of the performance for your tenure portfolio--and make certain you save copies of the program/publicity materials to document your efforts. If the campus newspaper or community newspaper publishes review, you should retain a copy of that, also, to document your success\\nConsider doing an internship complementary to your field. For example, it may be difficult to find an internship as a historian or archaeologist. But you could intern in a library or archives, which would give you experience in conducting research. Explore what is available to you in 'ethnography,' also.\\nGet different types of experience to give you sense of what work you could do and what kind of work suits you best. For example, you may want to work for your university astronomy lab during the school year and pursue an internship at a local planetarium in the summer.\\nMany internships and residencies, like universities, are also accredited. The US Department of Education also offers a list of these programs.\\n2-9. Apply for funding.\\nWhether you are a student or have finished your graduate education, apply for grants and fellowships from your university and outside institutions. Winning grants and fellowships can not only help pay for your research but also attract other organizations to fund you .\\nLook for grant and fellowship opportunities at different universities and colleges, research institutions, government agencies, or independent groups. See Chronicle of Philanthropy and its annual register of grants offered. For example, if you are a physicist, see what funding opportunities your university, the National Science Foundation, and the European Physical Society offer. You want to compete for the most prestigious grants as well as smaller ones.\\nBe aware that some institutions will require that you be a member in order to apply for funding.\\n2-10. Stay on top of current research.\\nInform yourself about current research/performance in your discipline and specific field, as well as any related fields. You can do this by attending conferences and seminars, reading journals, and networking with colleagues. This knowledge may help you more effectively do your job and can also make you attractive to potential employers.\\nRead journals from your specifics areas of expertise and those related to it. For example, if you work on the history of cultural heritage, you might want to read publications by historians, anthropologists, ethnographers, and archaeologists. Legal journals may also be of use.\\nSubscribe to journals related to your specific fields, read online journals, and familiarize yourself with library collections of periodicals in your field. This can help you stay most current on research through articles and reviews. You may also find job listings in these journals.\\nGo to conferences for your specific discipline and field. For example, if you are a quantum physicist, you could attend the American Physical Society's annual conference as well as that of International Quantum Structure Association. Some of these professional associations also offer academic placement services. For example, College Composition and Communications assists graduate students in obtaining placement in non-fiction writing and in speech making.\\nBe aware that staying on top of current research can also help your teaching profile. As an academic, you will be expected to have things to say, and keeping up with research and performance in your discipline gives you things to talk about person to person with colleagues and in the classroom when you are fielding student questions.\\n3. Finding Job Opportunities\\n3-1. Start your job search early.\\nIdeally, you will learn about shortage areas in your field by reading job postings. Being aware of shortages allows you to add a few graduate courses in those shortage areas, so that you can provide 'coverage' for those topics when you are hired into a faculty. If you wait until you finish your PhD to find a job, your skills might not match the demand, and you may have trouble securing even a term position as an adjunct.\\n3-2. Reference the job posting when you apply.\\nAlways tie something in your background to the specific requirements listed in the job posting. Make your application relevant to the needs of the institution to which you are applying.\\nStart researching universities, agencies, institutions, and organizations with which you may be interested in working when you enter graduate school. Discuss with your graduate faculty what research problems your field is trying to solve, and figure out whether any of those research problems interests you for your thesis/dissertation. Cross check that with job offerings.\\nAsk your doctoral advisor, professors, colleagues, friends, and especially the student placement office for advice on where, when, and how to apply for academic jobs.\\n3-3. Submit job applications.\\nMost academics work at places like universities and research institutions. Because competition for academic positions in many fields is strong, apply to as many positions as you can in your field or related fields.\\nIf you have met with any faculty from the posting department, mention that you are applying because of the good impression the department made at the specific conference, how, and why.\\nPrepare yourself for rejection. Competition for academic jobs can be very high, and it's very likely you'll have several rejections. Remember that the decision is not personal, but that you're likely in a pool of other very qualified candidates.\\nSearch the websites or publications of professional academic associations every day. New jobs may appear daily. Academic positions are generally posted 6 to 9 months before the position is to begin.\\nCheck online listserves specific to your discipline or field.\\nTalk to your advisor, professors, or colleagues if they're aware of any job openings. They will generally refer you to published sources that you then need to examine frequently. Once a listing produces hundreds of responses, the posting will generally be taken down, so if you are not watching for postings, you probably will miss some.\\nSubmit material requested by the position ad. This often includes a cover letter, CV, writing samples, and proof of ability to obtain funding, if the department position is not funded by the school.\\n3-4. Consider professional positions.\\nYou may prefer a professional position with a business rather than a job at a university or may not have had any luck on the academic market. There are a multitude of options for academics at places like think tanks, government agencies, or museums.\\nRemember that you can also try substitute teaching while you seek other positions.\\nLook for professional positions in academic publications, newspapers, professional recruiting sites, or by asking headhunters.\\nSubmit letters of interest and ask about career opportunities at places that interest you. See if you can set up an informational interview.\\n3-5. Network with other academics.\\nMeeting and talking with academic colleagues or professionals from your field or related disciplines can expand your ability to find a job as well as increase your knowledge. Go to conferences, establish a local seminar, and join professional organizations to network with fellow academics.\\nJoin organizations in your specific discipline and field. For example, if you are a historian of modern Germany you might want to join the American Historical Association and the German Studies Association.\\nGo to conferences. Make sure to attend panels related to your work and any social events offered. These can help you meet new people who share your interests. Academics want to be known in their fields. Being an academic is a social role in addition to a continuing study function\\nSet up regular meetings or seminar meetings for colleagues in your field and discipline or related disciplines in your local area. Keep the publicity materials for inclusion in your tenure portfolio. These portfolios can be inches thick or feet thick depending on the academic discipline. Circulate feedback forms and retain the most positive ones for inclusion in your tenure portfolio.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"An academic is a person who holds an advanced degree, such as a PhD, and often works as a lecturer or researcher at a university or scholarly institution. However, you may be unsure of how to pursue this rewarding-- and often highly competitive—profession. By choosing your career path, getting your education, and actively seeking out different types of job opportunities, you can become an academic and enjoy the benefits of working in a field you love.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Considering an Academic Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn about being an academic.\", \"描述\": \"Someone who pursues an academic career often works at a university or research institution in a specific discipline such as biology, history, or political science. During their graduate program, academics generally spend 1 or more years working as teaching assistants at a college or university. These are paid positions that feature tuition and fee waivers in addition to a paycheck for teaching 1-2 classes each academic term. You'll also need to conduct research and complete projects, such as a dissertation. Once you graduate, you'll need to competitively seek employment at a college or university, where you'll continue your research, writing, and teaching. If you like studying, writing essays, and teaching, academia might be a good choice for you. \\nInvestigate your job options. The U.S. Department of Labor analyzes job opportunities in 800 fields in its Occupational Outlook Handbook that is published annually and on its website bls.gov. Enter 'Occupational Outlook Handbook' in the bls.gov search window. It's increasingly difficult to find permanent or tenured jobs in academia.\\nResearching, writing, taking part in academic conferences, and teaching something about which you are passionate can be incredibly rewarding and make academia seem less like a “job.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Talk to an academic.\", \"描述\": \"If you think you want to be an academic, consider meeting someone who is already one in the your desired field or discipline. They can tell you about the realities of academia, answer questions you have, give you tips for getting started, and guide your goals for the future. \\nIn the U.S., college and university professors have regular office hours each week as part of their employment. Members of the public can schedule a half hour to an hour appointment to ask questions about entering the profession. If a senior professor is too busy to have time, usually a younger professor will be suggested who is up to date on the most recent trends concerning entering the field and transitioning from graduate school to employment.\\nInquire how they got into their academic career. Ask about their education and/ or any professional or practical experience they had.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Think about your personality.\", \"描述\": \"An academic career can be very demanding. You'll need to constantly be learning about new concepts and sharing that knowledge in a variety of modes, such as journal articles, books, and the classes you teach. You'll also need to compete for positions. In addition, working with a university faculty can require navigating delicate personal and political situations. You will need to set aside your own emotions and biases to provide equal treatment of all. You might want to ask yourself some of the following questions:\\nHow deep is my commitment to this field?\\nAm I willing to potentially move often and continuously pursue jobs?\\nAm I willing to start part-time as an adjunct faculty member?\\nAm I able to work in an unstructured environment and self-start projects?\\nCan I create and pursue my own research topics?\\nAm I willing to participate on a campus committee that has meetings?\\nDo I want to be a mentor to students?\\nCan I handle the competitive nature of this career?\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider your career and salary goals.\", \"描述\": \"Academics often choose their career because it's their passion. However, the jobs you get may depend on what's available at the time. Additionally, salary can vary wildly, as high paying positions are limited. People with the same credentials can make vastly different salaries.\\nAsk yourself if you'd like to teach and work with students.\\nConsider if you're only interested in working with other academics, such as in a think tank.\\nLook up salary amounts in your area. Consider if you can adapt your lifestyle if necessary. For example, a full professor will make considerably more than an adjunct professor or lecturer. The amount can also differ according to your experience and job location.\\nThink about the other skills you can use to add to your income, and if you'd be willing to take on other work. For example, community college, college, and university faculty in the U.S. sometimes make a significant portion of their income through authoring or co-authoring textbooks used in their fields.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Education and Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Finish your bachelor's degree.\", \"描述\": \"You have to finish your bachelor's degree to pursue a PhD, which is generally the education requirement for a career in academia. Take classes in the discipline that you'd like to be an academic to give yourself an advantage of getting into graduate programs and make attaining your PhD somewhat easier.\\nSave all of your undergraduate and graduate essays, since you may need them when you apply to graduate programs to show as an example of your work. Additionally, they may inspire your future research.\\nConsider majoring in your preferred academic discipline or one closely related to it. For example, if you want to be an animal behaviorist, you could major in ethology or comparative psychology. If you want to be a historian, you could consider anthropology or philosophy.\\nTake courses that complement your preferred field of specialization. For example, if want to be an archaeologist, consider classes in history and anthropology.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Substitute teach to gain experience, if you aren't sure about academia.\", \"描述\": \"With a bachelor's degree in the U.S., you can substitute teach almost anywhere, as long as you have a clean background check. This will allow you to try out the teaching profession for a year with pay to see if you like being in front of the classroom. This also allows you to apply for a graduate teaching assistantship with teaching experience.\\nIf you already know you want to be an academic, you may want to immediately enter an advanced degree program. However, substituting still provides valuable experience to help further your prospects.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Obtain an advanced degree.\", \"描述\": \"After your bachelor's degree, the next step will be your master's degree. Depending on the field, you may choose a Master of Arts, Master of Science, or Master of Fine Arts. Most academic positions require a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) once you've finished your bachelor's degree or master's degree. Having the right degrees ensures to you—and potential employers-- that you have mastered the required information to pursue a career in academia.\\nFor example, in the U.S., a newly hired assistant professor is frequently assigned to teach courses in the dissertation field, since the new PhD has been vetted already in that topic by a faculty committee in his or her graduate school program.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pursue your PhD.\", \"描述\": \"Since most academics teach and do research at universities or colleges, you will need a graduate degree. Most institutions require a PhD, though some institutions and disciplines may only require an MA or MS, or even professional experience.\\nSome programs allow you to earn both your MA and PhD at the same time, though you'll need to complete the coursework for your MA before pursuing the PhD coursework.\\nLearn about different programs in your specific discipline. Different universities have different disciplines and fields in which they specialize. For example, if you want to be an animal behaviorist, you might want to find specific programs in this field or related fields. Likewise, if you want to be a historian of Europe, you'd want to figure out the best programs for that instead of for American history.\\nMake sure your degree granting institution is accredited, which assures that the quality of your education meets acceptable levels. The US Department of Educations provides a list of accredited universities.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Conduct research.\", \"描述\": \"Most academics conduct original research and then publish it. You'll prepare a dissertation as part of your graduate program. Once you start working as an academic, you'll write articles, books, and other media. Research or creative production is often the bread and butter of any academic.\\nBe aware that the point of “scholarship” is to expand current knowledge of your particular field.\\nMake sure your research is original and that no one has used your specific topic and/or method of analysis before you begin. This will require that you master the scholarly literature related to your field.\\nChoose an area that hasn't been explored in depth.\\nMake sure to get any permissions or clearances you need to do your research, especially if it requires using human or animal subjects.\\nTake copious and detailed notes, as this will help you write up and publish your research. You should maintain digital files with notes that include your citations. Then, when you are faced with seminar papers, theses, and dissertation writing, you can cull through these digital files rather than having to start from scratch.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Publish your findings when they're ready.\", \"描述\": \"One of the primary components of being an academic is publishing your research findings. In fact, sometimes one will hear the phrase “publish or perish.” Start by submitting to journals and conferences. Aim to publish your research at a rate commensurate to your field.\\nYour thesis is a good starting topic for your dissertation, and your dissertation is a good starting presentation for your first book.\\nWait to publish your thesis or dissertation until after it's been accepted. A master's thesis and a PhD dissertation are commonly only acceptable in the U.S. if the material has not already been published--even by the same author.\\nBegin publishing your research as soon as it is ready, including if you are still in graduate school unless your department or your graduate school only accepts unpublished materials for the thesis/dissertation.\\nAsk colleagues and friends about what general expectations for publication within your field are. If you work at a university, there may be guidelines on publication expectations.\\nAim to publish with the most prestigious academic presses or peer-reviewed journals in your field as possible. This can help you gain exposure and may help complete your portfolio for tenure. Note that print and online journals have 'author guidelines' that you need to check concerning how the specific journal requires submissions to be made.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Teach courses in your field.\", \"描述\": \"Many academics who work at universities conduct research and teach students. Getting teaching experience in your specific and possibly related fields can not only make you attractive to potential employers, but also help you master your field and round out your curriculum vitae.\\nCultural centers, retirement communities, cruise lines, recreational centers and other unexpected places will frequently host academic speakers who are still building a tenure portfolio. Some pay; some accept volunteers only. Keep a copy of each publicity material issued, since you will want to include those in a section on 'Public Presentations in your tenure portfolio.\\nSee if your university requires being a teaching assistant (TA) as a part of your graduate studies. If your campus has a shortage of teaching assistants, consider volunteering to be a TA in a different field than yours to show your ability to be flexible as an academic. For example, if you work on American history, offer to TA a course on African history. This may help you make connections with your own work as well.\\nAsk if you can teach independent or online courses in your field.\\nVolunteer to teach courses that may be less popular. The more diversified your teaching experience is, the more attractive you may be to potential employers. Junior faculty are frequently hired to teach the courses senior faculty do not wish to teach. Then over the years, the junior faculty gain the opportunities to list their favorite topics in the curriculum. This develops as colleagues become acquainted and gain trust.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Obtain practical experience.\", \"描述\": \"Depending on your chosen discipline, consider getting an internship or job that will enhance your coursework with practical experience. Ask if your university or college can help you find internships or jobs that complement your studies.\\nBe aware that many graduate programs and employers, particularly in health fields or the sciences, may require internships or practical experience to graduate or start a job.\\nGraduate students in the arts most often have the privilege of reserving campus performance space for free. If your campus has an intellectual property attorney, get a copy of a release for performers to sign that allows you to digitize excepts of the performance for your tenure portfolio--and make certain you save copies of the program/publicity materials to document your efforts. If the campus newspaper or community newspaper publishes review, you should retain a copy of that, also, to document your success\\nConsider doing an internship complementary to your field. For example, it may be difficult to find an internship as a historian or archaeologist. But you could intern in a library or archives, which would give you experience in conducting research. Explore what is available to you in 'ethnography,' also.\\nGet different types of experience to give you sense of what work you could do and what kind of work suits you best. For example, you may want to work for your university astronomy lab during the school year and pursue an internship at a local planetarium in the summer.\\nMany internships and residencies, like universities, are also accredited. The US Department of Education also offers a list of these programs.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Apply for funding.\", \"描述\": \"Whether you are a student or have finished your graduate education, apply for grants and fellowships from your university and outside institutions. Winning grants and fellowships can not only help pay for your research but also attract other organizations to fund you .\\nLook for grant and fellowship opportunities at different universities and colleges, research institutions, government agencies, or independent groups. See Chronicle of Philanthropy and its annual register of grants offered. For example, if you are a physicist, see what funding opportunities your university, the National Science Foundation, and the European Physical Society offer. You want to compete for the most prestigious grants as well as smaller ones.\\nBe aware that some institutions will require that you be a member in order to apply for funding.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Stay on top of current research.\", \"描述\": \"Inform yourself about current research/performance in your discipline and specific field, as well as any related fields. You can do this by attending conferences and seminars, reading journals, and networking with colleagues. This knowledge may help you more effectively do your job and can also make you attractive to potential employers.\\nRead journals from your specifics areas of expertise and those related to it. For example, if you work on the history of cultural heritage, you might want to read publications by historians, anthropologists, ethnographers, and archaeologists. Legal journals may also be of use.\\nSubscribe to journals related to your specific fields, read online journals, and familiarize yourself with library collections of periodicals in your field. This can help you stay most current on research through articles and reviews. You may also find job listings in these journals.\\nGo to conferences for your specific discipline and field. For example, if you are a quantum physicist, you could attend the American Physical Society's annual conference as well as that of International Quantum Structure Association. Some of these professional associations also offer academic placement services. For example, College Composition and Communications assists graduate students in obtaining placement in non-fiction writing and in speech making.\\nBe aware that staying on top of current research can also help your teaching profile. As an academic, you will be expected to have things to say, and keeping up with research and performance in your discipline gives you things to talk about person to person with colleagues and in the classroom when you are fielding student questions.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finding Job Opportunities\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start your job search early.\", \"描述\": \"Ideally, you will learn about shortage areas in your field by reading job postings. Being aware of shortages allows you to add a few graduate courses in those shortage areas, so that you can provide 'coverage' for those topics when you are hired into a faculty. If you wait until you finish your PhD to find a job, your skills might not match the demand, and you may have trouble securing even a term position as an adjunct.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Reference the job posting when you apply.\", \"描述\": \"Always tie something in your background to the specific requirements listed in the job posting. Make your application relevant to the needs of the institution to which you are applying.\\nStart researching universities, agencies, institutions, and organizations with which you may be interested in working when you enter graduate school. Discuss with your graduate faculty what research problems your field is trying to solve, and figure out whether any of those research problems interests you for your thesis/dissertation. Cross check that with job offerings.\\nAsk your doctoral advisor, professors, colleagues, friends, and especially the student placement office for advice on where, when, and how to apply for academic jobs.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Submit job applications.\", \"描述\": \"Most academics work at places like universities and research institutions. Because competition for academic positions in many fields is strong, apply to as many positions as you can in your field or related fields.\\nIf you have met with any faculty from the posting department, mention that you are applying because of the good impression the department made at the specific conference, how, and why.\\nPrepare yourself for rejection. Competition for academic jobs can be very high, and it's very likely you'll have several rejections. Remember that the decision is not personal, but that you're likely in a pool of other very qualified candidates.\\nSearch the websites or publications of professional academic associations every day. New jobs may appear daily. Academic positions are generally posted 6 to 9 months before the position is to begin.\\nCheck online listserves specific to your discipline or field.\\nTalk to your advisor, professors, or colleagues if they're aware of any job openings. They will generally refer you to published sources that you then need to examine frequently. Once a listing produces hundreds of responses, the posting will generally be taken down, so if you are not watching for postings, you probably will miss some.\\nSubmit material requested by the position ad. This often includes a cover letter, CV, writing samples, and proof of ability to obtain funding, if the department position is not funded by the school.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider professional positions.\", \"描述\": \"You may prefer a professional position with a business rather than a job at a university or may not have had any luck on the academic market. There are a multitude of options for academics at places like think tanks, government agencies, or museums.\\nRemember that you can also try substitute teaching while you seek other positions.\\nLook for professional positions in academic publications, newspapers, professional recruiting sites, or by asking headhunters.\\nSubmit letters of interest and ask about career opportunities at places that interest you. See if you can set up an informational interview.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Network with other academics.\", \"描述\": \"Meeting and talking with academic colleagues or professionals from your field or related disciplines can expand your ability to find a job as well as increase your knowledge. Go to conferences, establish a local seminar, and join professional organizations to network with fellow academics.\\nJoin organizations in your specific discipline and field. For example, if you are a historian of modern Germany you might want to join the American Historical Association and the German Studies Association.\\nGo to conferences. Make sure to attend panels related to your work and any social events offered. These can help you meet new people who share your interests. Academics want to be known in their fields. Being an academic is a social role in addition to a continuing study function\\nSet up regular meetings or seminar meetings for colleagues in your field and discipline or related disciplines in your local area. Keep the publicity materials for inclusion in your tenure portfolio. These portfolios can be inches thick or feet thick depending on the academic discipline. Circulate feedback forms and retain the most positive ones for inclusion in your tenure portfolio.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,900 |
How to Become an Accountant
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1. Meeting the Educational Requirements
1-1. Receive a bachelor’s degree in accounting.
Most accountant positions require at least a bachelor’s degree in accounting or a related field, such as business management or administration. Depending on your state’s requirements, you may not need to have a degree in accounting, but you will likely need to complete a certain number of credits in accounting, business, and ethics. Each state has its own requirements, so talk with an academic counselor before you start a degree program.
If you choose to become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), most states require that you complete 150 hours of college coursework. This is 30 hours more than most bachelor’s degrees. Some schools will let you take a 5-year program and graduate with a bachelor’s and a master’s degree.
If you are not enrolled in a 5-year program, you can take extra courses through your college or university. Your school may have a program to help you get those extra 30 hours.
To help you become eligible to take the CPA exam, your employer may pay for you to take the extra 30 hours or coursework.
1-2. Complete an internship with a firm.
In order to gain practical experience, you will want to participate in an internship program. This will allow you to work in an accounting firm, often for college credit, and better familiarize yourself with the profession.
Internships can be part-time during the school year or full-time in the summer months.
Internships are excellent opportunities to network and develop connections that may help you land a job in the future.
1-3. Obtain a master’s degree.
After completing your bachelor’s degree, you may choose to complete begin a graduate degree in accounting. Many employers prefer hiring a candidate who has a master’s degree in accounting. If you meet their requirements, follow the graduate program’s application requirements and apply. Once you are accepted, it should take you two years to finish your degree.
You will want to consider whether you want a Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) or a Master’s in Accounting (MAcc). An MAcc is geared mostly towards those interested in becoming CPAs or CMAs. The MBA provides a broader understanding of the relationship between business and accounting.
2. Obtaining Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations
2-1. Research your state’s requirements.
Once you have obtained or are near completion of a college degree, you will want to begin looking into the various state and federal licenses and certifications you will need to receive. Each license has specific qualifications (education, experience, testing, and fees) that you will have to meet.
There are multiple roles that an accountant can fill, and each comes with a different type of certification.
Employers will often pay the fees for an employee to gain a certification.
2-2. Become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA).
If you file any reports with the Security and Exchange Commission, the law requires that you be a CPA. Becoming a CPA is particularly attractive if you are looking to advance in a firm or gain a larger clientele. In order to become a CPA you must pass a national exam and meet other state requirements. Check your state’s requirements before you begin the process of becoming a CPA.
Most states require CPA candidates to complete at least 150 semester hours of college coursework
All states will require you to take the Uniform CPA Examination. Most states require that you pass all four parts of the exam within 18 months of passing the first part.
2-3. Obtain a management accountant certification.
You may find yourself managing the finances of a large multinational firm and developing an interest in becoming a Certified Management Accountant (CMA). If you decide that you would like to become a CMA, you will need to have a bachelor’s degree, complete a two part exam, agree to the Institute of Management Accountants’ code of ethics, and have at least two years of experience.
The exam covers a number of subjects, including financial statement analysis, working-capital policy, capital structure, valuation issues, and risk management.
2-4. Receive an internal auditor certification.
If you like evaluating the financial operations of a business and finding ways to streamline its operations, you might want to consider becoming a Certified Internal Auditor (CIA). In order to become a CIA, you must pass a four-part exam, hold a college degree, and have two years of experience as an internal auditor.
Depending on what type of internal auditing you choose to do, there are further specialized certifications. These include the Certified in Control Self-Assessment (CCSA), Certified Government Auditing Professional (CGAP), Certified Financial Services Auditor (CFSA), and Certification in Risk Management Assurance (CRMA).
2-5. Obtain a certification in information systems analysis.
You may find yourself managing and auditing information systems and want to move your career forward by becoming a Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA). In order to become a CISA, you will need to pass an exam with the ISACA and have 5 years of experience auditing information systems. You can also substitute education for experience in certain instances.
Depending on your area of expertise, you may also choose further strengthen your credentials by obtaining a Certified Information Security Manager (CISM), Certified in the Governance of Enterprise IT (CGEIT), or Certified in Risk and Information Systems Control (CRISC).
3. Advancing in the Profession
3-1. Work in a junior position.
Because it can take some time to gain the needed experience to obtain certifications and move up in a firm or business, many accountants will initially find themselves working in a low level position for a few years before they are granted greater responsibility. Once you have obtained the necessary certifications and experience, you will likely begin moving into more senior positions. These posts can be supervisory and eventually turn into partnerships.
It is extremely unlikely that you will become an executive overnight. It can take decades to move up the ladder of an accounting firm.
3-2. Start your own firm.
If you have the necessary experience and financial resources, you may also consider starting your own accounting firm. It is unlikely that you will have the client base, experience, and financial backing necessary immediately after graduating from college. You may need to work at a firm for some time before you decide to strike out on your own.
Most new businesses do not make a profit in their first few years, so make sure that you have saved up enough money to get you through this initial period.
3-3. Continue your education.
Almost every certification requires that you continue your professional education. This can often mean completing a certain number of educational hours, either through classes or seminars. It can also entail going to conferences and taking college courses to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field.
Check with the certification organizations to make sure that you are meeting their requirements for continued education. These organizations also hold seminars and conferences to help you stay up to date on the latest trends in accounting.
Firms are often willing to pay the expenses for employees to continue their education.
Consulting firms and other organizations often hold seminars on topics in your field.
3-4. Gain experience in different types of accounting.
In order for you to progress in your field, you may find that you need to better acquaint yourself with a different area of accounting. For example, if you are a managing accountant, you may need to brush up on information systems, or vice versa. Not only will this help you get promoted, it may help you land a better job somewhere else later on.
Your employer may be willing to pay for you to get this extra expertise.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:08",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Meeting the Educational Requirements\\n1-1. Receive a bachelor’s degree in accounting.\\nMost accountant positions require at least a bachelor’s degree in accounting or a related field, such as business management or administration. Depending on your state’s requirements, you may not need to have a degree in accounting, but you will likely need to complete a certain number of credits in accounting, business, and ethics. Each state has its own requirements, so talk with an academic counselor before you start a degree program.\\nIf you choose to become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), most states require that you complete 150 hours of college coursework. This is 30 hours more than most bachelor’s degrees. Some schools will let you take a 5-year program and graduate with a bachelor’s and a master’s degree.\\nIf you are not enrolled in a 5-year program, you can take extra courses through your college or university. Your school may have a program to help you get those extra 30 hours.\\nTo help you become eligible to take the CPA exam, your employer may pay for you to take the extra 30 hours or coursework.\\n1-2. Complete an internship with a firm.\\nIn order to gain practical experience, you will want to participate in an internship program. This will allow you to work in an accounting firm, often for college credit, and better familiarize yourself with the profession.\\nInternships can be part-time during the school year or full-time in the summer months.\\nInternships are excellent opportunities to network and develop connections that may help you land a job in the future.\\n1-3. Obtain a master’s degree.\\nAfter completing your bachelor’s degree, you may choose to complete begin a graduate degree in accounting. Many employers prefer hiring a candidate who has a master’s degree in accounting. If you meet their requirements, follow the graduate program’s application requirements and apply. Once you are accepted, it should take you two years to finish your degree. \\nYou will want to consider whether you want a Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) or a Master’s in Accounting (MAcc). An MAcc is geared mostly towards those interested in becoming CPAs or CMAs. The MBA provides a broader understanding of the relationship between business and accounting.\\n2. Obtaining Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations\\n2-1. Research your state’s requirements.\\nOnce you have obtained or are near completion of a college degree, you will want to begin looking into the various state and federal licenses and certifications you will need to receive. Each license has specific qualifications (education, experience, testing, and fees) that you will have to meet.\\nThere are multiple roles that an accountant can fill, and each comes with a different type of certification.\\nEmployers will often pay the fees for an employee to gain a certification.\\n2-2. Become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA).\\nIf you file any reports with the Security and Exchange Commission, the law requires that you be a CPA. Becoming a CPA is particularly attractive if you are looking to advance in a firm or gain a larger clientele. In order to become a CPA you must pass a national exam and meet other state requirements. Check your state’s requirements before you begin the process of becoming a CPA.\\nMost states require CPA candidates to complete at least 150 semester hours of college coursework\\nAll states will require you to take the Uniform CPA Examination. Most states require that you pass all four parts of the exam within 18 months of passing the first part.\\n2-3. Obtain a management accountant certification.\\nYou may find yourself managing the finances of a large multinational firm and developing an interest in becoming a Certified Management Accountant (CMA). If you decide that you would like to become a CMA, you will need to have a bachelor’s degree, complete a two part exam, agree to the Institute of Management Accountants’ code of ethics, and have at least two years of experience.\\nThe exam covers a number of subjects, including financial statement analysis, working-capital policy, capital structure, valuation issues, and risk management.\\n2-4. Receive an internal auditor certification.\\nIf you like evaluating the financial operations of a business and finding ways to streamline its operations, you might want to consider becoming a Certified Internal Auditor (CIA). In order to become a CIA, you must pass a four-part exam, hold a college degree, and have two years of experience as an internal auditor.\\nDepending on what type of internal auditing you choose to do, there are further specialized certifications. These include the Certified in Control Self-Assessment (CCSA), Certified Government Auditing Professional (CGAP), Certified Financial Services Auditor (CFSA), and Certification in Risk Management Assurance (CRMA).\\n2-5. Obtain a certification in information systems analysis.\\nYou may find yourself managing and auditing information systems and want to move your career forward by becoming a Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA). In order to become a CISA, you will need to pass an exam with the ISACA and have 5 years of experience auditing information systems. You can also substitute education for experience in certain instances.\\nDepending on your area of expertise, you may also choose further strengthen your credentials by obtaining a Certified Information Security Manager (CISM), Certified in the Governance of Enterprise IT (CGEIT), or Certified in Risk and Information Systems Control (CRISC).\\n3. Advancing in the Profession\\n3-1. Work in a junior position.\\nBecause it can take some time to gain the needed experience to obtain certifications and move up in a firm or business, many accountants will initially find themselves working in a low level position for a few years before they are granted greater responsibility. Once you have obtained the necessary certifications and experience, you will likely begin moving into more senior positions. These posts can be supervisory and eventually turn into partnerships.\\nIt is extremely unlikely that you will become an executive overnight. It can take decades to move up the ladder of an accounting firm.\\n3-2. Start your own firm.\\nIf you have the necessary experience and financial resources, you may also consider starting your own accounting firm. It is unlikely that you will have the client base, experience, and financial backing necessary immediately after graduating from college. You may need to work at a firm for some time before you decide to strike out on your own.\\nMost new businesses do not make a profit in their first few years, so make sure that you have saved up enough money to get you through this initial period.\\n3-3. Continue your education.\\nAlmost every certification requires that you continue your professional education. This can often mean completing a certain number of educational hours, either through classes or seminars. It can also entail going to conferences and taking college courses to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field.\\nCheck with the certification organizations to make sure that you are meeting their requirements for continued education. These organizations also hold seminars and conferences to help you stay up to date on the latest trends in accounting.\\nFirms are often willing to pay the expenses for employees to continue their education.\\nConsulting firms and other organizations often hold seminars on topics in your field.\\n3-4. Gain experience in different types of accounting.\\nIn order for you to progress in your field, you may find that you need to better acquaint yourself with a different area of accounting. For example, if you are a managing accountant, you may need to brush up on information systems, or vice versa. Not only will this help you get promoted, it may help you land a better job somewhere else later on.\\nYour employer may be willing to pay for you to get this extra expertise.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Accountants are highly trained financial professionals who prepare and examine financial records. Depending on your interests, you may find accounting to be an attractive profession. However, in order to become an accountant, you will need to meet a number of educational criteria and, depending on the type of accounting you want to do, gain certain certifications. With the right education and certifications, you will be able to become an accountant and quickly move up in the profession.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Educational Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Receive a bachelor’s degree in accounting.\", \"描述\": \"Most accountant positions require at least a bachelor’s degree in accounting or a related field, such as business management or administration. Depending on your state’s requirements, you may not need to have a degree in accounting, but you will likely need to complete a certain number of credits in accounting, business, and ethics. Each state has its own requirements, so talk with an academic counselor before you start a degree program.\\nIf you choose to become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), most states require that you complete 150 hours of college coursework. This is 30 hours more than most bachelor’s degrees. Some schools will let you take a 5-year program and graduate with a bachelor’s and a master’s degree.\\nIf you are not enrolled in a 5-year program, you can take extra courses through your college or university. Your school may have a program to help you get those extra 30 hours.\\nTo help you become eligible to take the CPA exam, your employer may pay for you to take the extra 30 hours or coursework.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Complete an internship with a firm.\", \"描述\": \"In order to gain practical experience, you will want to participate in an internship program. This will allow you to work in an accounting firm, often for college credit, and better familiarize yourself with the profession.\\nInternships can be part-time during the school year or full-time in the summer months.\\nInternships are excellent opportunities to network and develop connections that may help you land a job in the future.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Obtain a master’s degree.\", \"描述\": \"After completing your bachelor’s degree, you may choose to complete begin a graduate degree in accounting. Many employers prefer hiring a candidate who has a master’s degree in accounting. If you meet their requirements, follow the graduate program’s application requirements and apply. Once you are accepted, it should take you two years to finish your degree. \\nYou will want to consider whether you want a Master’s in Business Administration (MBA) or a Master’s in Accounting (MAcc). An MAcc is geared mostly towards those interested in becoming CPAs or CMAs. The MBA provides a broader understanding of the relationship between business and accounting.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Obtaining Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Research your state’s requirements.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have obtained or are near completion of a college degree, you will want to begin looking into the various state and federal licenses and certifications you will need to receive. Each license has specific qualifications (education, experience, testing, and fees) that you will have to meet.\\nThere are multiple roles that an accountant can fill, and each comes with a different type of certification.\\nEmployers will often pay the fees for an employee to gain a certification.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Become a Certified Public Accountant (CPA).\", \"描述\": \"If you file any reports with the Security and Exchange Commission, the law requires that you be a CPA. Becoming a CPA is particularly attractive if you are looking to advance in a firm or gain a larger clientele. In order to become a CPA you must pass a national exam and meet other state requirements. Check your state’s requirements before you begin the process of becoming a CPA.\\nMost states require CPA candidates to complete at least 150 semester hours of college coursework\\nAll states will require you to take the Uniform CPA Examination. Most states require that you pass all four parts of the exam within 18 months of passing the first part.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Obtain a management accountant certification.\", \"描述\": \"You may find yourself managing the finances of a large multinational firm and developing an interest in becoming a Certified Management Accountant (CMA). If you decide that you would like to become a CMA, you will need to have a bachelor’s degree, complete a two part exam, agree to the Institute of Management Accountants’ code of ethics, and have at least two years of experience.\\nThe exam covers a number of subjects, including financial statement analysis, working-capital policy, capital structure, valuation issues, and risk management.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Receive an internal auditor certification.\", \"描述\": \"If you like evaluating the financial operations of a business and finding ways to streamline its operations, you might want to consider becoming a Certified Internal Auditor (CIA). In order to become a CIA, you must pass a four-part exam, hold a college degree, and have two years of experience as an internal auditor.\\nDepending on what type of internal auditing you choose to do, there are further specialized certifications. These include the Certified in Control Self-Assessment (CCSA), Certified Government Auditing Professional (CGAP), Certified Financial Services Auditor (CFSA), and Certification in Risk Management Assurance (CRMA).\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Obtain a certification in information systems analysis.\", \"描述\": \"You may find yourself managing and auditing information systems and want to move your career forward by becoming a Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA). In order to become a CISA, you will need to pass an exam with the ISACA and have 5 years of experience auditing information systems. You can also substitute education for experience in certain instances.\\nDepending on your area of expertise, you may also choose further strengthen your credentials by obtaining a Certified Information Security Manager (CISM), Certified in the Governance of Enterprise IT (CGEIT), or Certified in Risk and Information Systems Control (CRISC).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Advancing in the Profession\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work in a junior position.\", \"描述\": \"Because it can take some time to gain the needed experience to obtain certifications and move up in a firm or business, many accountants will initially find themselves working in a low level position for a few years before they are granted greater responsibility. Once you have obtained the necessary certifications and experience, you will likely begin moving into more senior positions. These posts can be supervisory and eventually turn into partnerships.\\nIt is extremely unlikely that you will become an executive overnight. It can take decades to move up the ladder of an accounting firm.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start your own firm.\", \"描述\": \"If you have the necessary experience and financial resources, you may also consider starting your own accounting firm. It is unlikely that you will have the client base, experience, and financial backing necessary immediately after graduating from college. You may need to work at a firm for some time before you decide to strike out on your own.\\nMost new businesses do not make a profit in their first few years, so make sure that you have saved up enough money to get you through this initial period.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Continue your education.\", \"描述\": \"Almost every certification requires that you continue your professional education. This can often mean completing a certain number of educational hours, either through classes or seminars. It can also entail going to conferences and taking college courses to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field.\\nCheck with the certification organizations to make sure that you are meeting their requirements for continued education. These organizations also hold seminars and conferences to help you stay up to date on the latest trends in accounting.\\nFirms are often willing to pay the expenses for employees to continue their education.\\nConsulting firms and other organizations often hold seminars on topics in your field.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Gain experience in different types of accounting.\", \"描述\": \"In order for you to progress in your field, you may find that you need to better acquaint yourself with a different area of accounting. For example, if you are a managing accountant, you may need to brush up on information systems, or vice versa. Not only will this help you get promoted, it may help you land a better job somewhere else later on.\\nYour employer may be willing to pay for you to get this extra expertise.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,901 |
How to Become an Activist
|
1. Finding and Supporting Your Passion for Change
1-1. Set ambitious but realistic goals.
Throughout history, individual activists have helped topple empires, liberate the oppressed, and open minds to new ideas. And today, even teens can improve their local neighborhoods or build social equality movements through their own efforts. If you want to achieve something, it’s important to be specific about what you want to see happen and how you can really get there.
A good tip for making goals is to "think global act local". Basically, you should know how you will benefit the whole world, but you should do the action in your own community. For example, if you want to reduce carbon dioxide, make a change to stop emitting too much carbon dioxide yourself.
For instance, while halting human-caused climate change is a noble goal, it’s too broad to be directly actionable. You can, however, advocate for tougher emissions standards for vehicles and industries in your area.
1-2. Join (or start) an organization that supports your cause.
If you share a passion for the same cause as many other activists, you can probably find one or many existing organizations to join. These could be anything from a student club to a national organization (like the American Civil Liberties Union or the National Organizers Alliance).
Most activist organizations offer different levels of involvement. So you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether that means attending meetings and demonstrations, making phone calls to your local representatives, or just donating a little money when you can.
Or, you can set up your own activist organization, whether it be a recycling club at school or an anti-racism group online. It’s okay to start small.
1-3. Volunteer your time.
One of the best ways to make a difference is to donate your time to support your passion. Reach out to organizations in your community that does work for your cause, and ask how you can help.
For example, if you are interested in supporting animals in need, try volunteering at your local animal shelter or wildlife rescue. There are many ways you could help, from caring for the animals to helping with fundraising events or writing content for the web.
1-4. Donate money or supplies.
Most activists or charitable organizations need resources to do their work. If you can’t afford to donate money to an organization that supports your cause, you may be able to donate other things they need, like clothing or canned food.
Be aware that some charities are more reputable than others. If you plan to donate money or goods to support a cause, do some research before you donate. Check out your charity’s rating with organizations like Charity Watch, Charity Navigator, or the BBB Wise Giving Alliance.
1-5. Reach out to family and friends.
Tell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have learned. If you do volunteer work, invite an interested friend or family member to volunteer with you.
If you’re not sure how to begin, start by coming up with a list of five friends or family members you feel you can talk to about your cause. Think about how you would feel most comfortable approaching them (e.g., over email, over the phone, or in-person), and reach out to them in the way that feels right to you.
1-6. Lead by example.
One of the simplest and most important forms of activism is practicing what you believe in, or “conscious activism.” Practicing conscious activism means incorporating activism into your everyday life by living and acting in ways that directly support your cause (e.g., reducing your carbon footprint, using sustainably produced products, and so on).
For example, if you are interested in minimizing animal cruelty, you can start by not using products made from animals (like fur or leather) and avoiding businesses that exploit animals (like circuses or SeaWorld).
1-7. Identify and specify your passions.
When you look at the world around you, what gets you excited? Fills you with hope, makes you angry? Causes you to be fearful of the future? Your passions can focus on supporting what’s good (e.g., healthier menus in schools) or confronting what you see as wrong (e.g., online body-shaming of teens).
Write down or type out a list of things you’re passionate about, and try to be as specific as possible. For each, identify the problem, the solution, and what you can do to help.
2. Partaking in Online Activism
2-1. Promote your cause on social media.
You can use social media to keep your friends and followers informed about the causes you support. Post informative articles, write about what you are doing to stay involved, and invite your friends to attend events or donate to fundraisers for your cause. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram -- each of the above is a good place to start.
2-2. Explain and provide evidence for your perspective.
No matter your cause, from nuclear proliferation to gender identity and bathroom choices, you’ll meet plenty of people online with differing views than yours. Some will never be persuaded no matter what evidence you provide, but others may be willing to listen to reason, thoughtful explanations.
Appealing to others’ emotions (“This product is harmful to our children’s health!”) works best when supported by evidence (“Check out the following scientific studies…”).
There is “fake news” all over the internet, so do a little digging to evaluate the evidence before sharing it.
2-3. Circulate online petitions.
Thanks to the internet, starting a petition no longer has to mean going door to door with a pen and clipboard. There are numerous websites and social media platforms that house petitions, including change.org and petitions.whitehouse.gov. To drum up support for a petition:
Establish a clear, specific, and realistic goal — “Protect the wooded area adjacent to Veterans' Park from development.”
Personalize the cause by telling your story — “I, like many kids in this area, developed an appreciation for nature by walking through those woods.”
Mix online and offline efforts. Encourage friends and colleagues to share your petition both online and in person.
2-4. Provide financial support if you can.
It’s easy to donate money online to existing organizations that focus on your cause, although you should always do some research on how such groups spend their money. You can also turn to the internet for crowdfunding options, either by utilizing websites like indiegogo.com or firstgiving.com or by using social media to encourage direct donations.
If you’re raising money for your local animal shelter, for instance, make sure there is a clear plan in place for using the funds. Many people won’t just give money blindly without knowing what it will be used for.
3. Being an Informed Activist
3-1. Read up on your cause.
Before getting involved in a cause, it’s important to be informed about the issues involved. Check out books related to your cause from your school or public library.
Charities or other activist organizations devoted to your cause may be able to recommend some books to you. Check out their websites for reading lists.
Ask teachers or professors you know who may be familiar with your cause to recommend some books.
3-2. Look at websites related to your cause.
Search to find the websites of activist or charitable organizations that support your cause. Read their summaries of the issues, read up on what they are doing to help, and look at any information they have about how you can get involved.
Use the internet to read up on the topic in general, but always be aware of the sources for the information and any biases that might be apparent.
3-3. Keep an eye on the news.
Watch the news or browse newspapers, magazines, or online news publications for information about new developments related to your cause. If you are a member of a charitable or activist organization for your cause, then they may offer a regular newsletter or roundup of recent stories related to the cause.
Keep in mind that not all sources are credible or reliable. Carefully evaluate any sources you read, especially on the internet, and be aware of the author’s possible biases.
3-4. Take classes on issues related to your cause.
If you are in high school or college, you may be able to sign up for classes that will help you understand your cause better. For example, if you are concerned about environmental issues, an environmental science class would be a good place to start.
Taking a class can not only help you become more informed about your cause, but it can also help you connect to others who are interested in the same issues.
Talk to your teacher or professor outside of class to get more ideas about how to get involved or educate yourself further.
If you’re not in school, or if your school doesn’t offer courses that are helpful to you, you might be able to find a free or affordable online course related to your cause. For example, Smith College offers a free online course on Women’s Activism through the edX website.
3-5. Listen to the people most affected.
If you are interested in a cause that affects other people, then one of the best ways to understand how to help them is to listen to what they have to say. If you can’t reach out to them in person, then try connecting to affected people and communities via social media, or read their stories in books or online.
For example, if you are interested in helping with issues related to LGBT+ rights, speak to members of your local LGBT+ community about what kinds of issues matter the most to them, and what you can do to help. If your campus has a Gay-Straight Alliance club, that might be a good place to start.
3-6. Talk to other activists.
If you know other activists in your community who are involved in the cause you are interested in, talking to them is a great way to find out what work is already being done in your area and what you can do to help out.
Try connecting with other activists in your area via social media or attend meetings for organizations in your area.
If you are in school, talk to other students or teachers who are interested in your cause. Find out if there are any student organizations on campus related to your cause.
4. Pursuing a Career in Activism
4-1. Major in a field related to activism.
If you are in college or getting ready to start college, consider majoring in a field that will help you support your cause. For example, you could major in a field like organizational leadership, or you could focus on something more specific to the cause you are interested in, e.g., environmental science or women’s studies.
Also think about other career paths that would allow you to support your cause. For example, if you are interested in public health, you might seek a career in the medical field.
4-2. Seek internships.
If you're new to the workforce, internships can be a great way to begin a career as an activist. During college or just after college, look for internships related to your interests. See if your favorite grassroots organizations and non-profits offer internships. Talk to your college advisor about where to find internships related to activism. Completing one or more relevant internships can put you on the right track to becoming a career activist.
Some degree programs may require you to complete an internship to graduate. Make sure you check your graduation requirements and complete an internship if it's necessary for your degree.
4-3. Look for activist jobs.
If you are ready to start working, look for jobs that are relevant to your interests. See if charities and grassroots organizations you believe in having any open positions that are suited to your skills. For example, if you have strong writing and editing skills, see if you can work as a copywriter for a grassroots organization. If you have skills with planning and coordinating events, look for work as a volunteer coordinator.
Basically, whatever job skills you have are probably useful to some activist organization out there that supports your cause — they may need accountants, drivers, cooks, carpenters, doctors, etc.
Tips
Be creative! Activism doesn't have to involve large events. Even if you're working out of your garage you can still make a difference. Bloggers can be activists through their writing, teachers can be activists by encouraging students to challenge their beliefs, artists can leave guerrilla activist art around town, computer-savvy folks can arrange an e-zine, and so on.
When working with others, consider the needs of the group. Be willing to compromise on the details, if not on your core values.
Dig deep into what you are researching, don't just skim the top.
Warnings
Be aware of the consequences if you plan to engage in acts of civil disobedience. Carry a lawyer's business card if you believe that you may be arrested. In the USA, the ACLU makes pocket cards for this purpose.
Be respectful of other's opinions, and learn when to recognize when you are turning into a Soapbox, Sally. Once you recognize this, stop being an activist.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:08",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Finding and Supporting Your Passion for Change\\n1-1. Set ambitious but realistic goals.\\nThroughout history, individual activists have helped topple empires, liberate the oppressed, and open minds to new ideas. And today, even teens can improve their local neighborhoods or build social equality movements through their own efforts. If you want to achieve something, it’s important to be specific about what you want to see happen and how you can really get there.\\nA good tip for making goals is to \\\"think global act local\\\". Basically, you should know how you will benefit the whole world, but you should do the action in your own community. For example, if you want to reduce carbon dioxide, make a change to stop emitting too much carbon dioxide yourself.\\nFor instance, while halting human-caused climate change is a noble goal, it’s too broad to be directly actionable. You can, however, advocate for tougher emissions standards for vehicles and industries in your area.\\n1-2. Join (or start) an organization that supports your cause.\\nIf you share a passion for the same cause as many other activists, you can probably find one or many existing organizations to join. These could be anything from a student club to a national organization (like the American Civil Liberties Union or the National Organizers Alliance). \\nMost activist organizations offer different levels of involvement. So you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether that means attending meetings and demonstrations, making phone calls to your local representatives, or just donating a little money when you can.\\nOr, you can set up your own activist organization, whether it be a recycling club at school or an anti-racism group online. It’s okay to start small.\\n1-3. Volunteer your time.\\nOne of the best ways to make a difference is to donate your time to support your passion. Reach out to organizations in your community that does work for your cause, and ask how you can help.\\nFor example, if you are interested in supporting animals in need, try volunteering at your local animal shelter or wildlife rescue. There are many ways you could help, from caring for the animals to helping with fundraising events or writing content for the web.\\n1-4. Donate money or supplies.\\nMost activists or charitable organizations need resources to do their work. If you can’t afford to donate money to an organization that supports your cause, you may be able to donate other things they need, like clothing or canned food.\\nBe aware that some charities are more reputable than others. If you plan to donate money or goods to support a cause, do some research before you donate. Check out your charity’s rating with organizations like Charity Watch, Charity Navigator, or the BBB Wise Giving Alliance.\\n1-5. Reach out to family and friends.\\nTell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have learned. If you do volunteer work, invite an interested friend or family member to volunteer with you.\\nIf you’re not sure how to begin, start by coming up with a list of five friends or family members you feel you can talk to about your cause. Think about how you would feel most comfortable approaching them (e.g., over email, over the phone, or in-person), and reach out to them in the way that feels right to you.\\n1-6. Lead by example.\\nOne of the simplest and most important forms of activism is practicing what you believe in, or “conscious activism.” Practicing conscious activism means incorporating activism into your everyday life by living and acting in ways that directly support your cause (e.g., reducing your carbon footprint, using sustainably produced products, and so on).\\nFor example, if you are interested in minimizing animal cruelty, you can start by not using products made from animals (like fur or leather) and avoiding businesses that exploit animals (like circuses or SeaWorld).\\n1-7. Identify and specify your passions.\\nWhen you look at the world around you, what gets you excited? Fills you with hope, makes you angry? Causes you to be fearful of the future? Your passions can focus on supporting what’s good (e.g., healthier menus in schools) or confronting what you see as wrong (e.g., online body-shaming of teens).\\nWrite down or type out a list of things you’re passionate about, and try to be as specific as possible. For each, identify the problem, the solution, and what you can do to help.\\n2. Partaking in Online Activism\\n2-1. Promote your cause on social media.\\nYou can use social media to keep your friends and followers informed about the causes you support. Post informative articles, write about what you are doing to stay involved, and invite your friends to attend events or donate to fundraisers for your cause. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram -- each of the above is a good place to start.\\n2-2. Explain and provide evidence for your perspective.\\nNo matter your cause, from nuclear proliferation to gender identity and bathroom choices, you’ll meet plenty of people online with differing views than yours. Some will never be persuaded no matter what evidence you provide, but others may be willing to listen to reason, thoughtful explanations.\\nAppealing to others’ emotions (“This product is harmful to our children’s health!”) works best when supported by evidence (“Check out the following scientific studies…”).\\nThere is “fake news” all over the internet, so do a little digging to evaluate the evidence before sharing it.\\n2-3. Circulate online petitions.\\nThanks to the internet, starting a petition no longer has to mean going door to door with a pen and clipboard. There are numerous websites and social media platforms that house petitions, including change.org and petitions.whitehouse.gov. To drum up support for a petition:\\nEstablish a clear, specific, and realistic goal — “Protect the wooded area adjacent to Veterans' Park from development.”\\nPersonalize the cause by telling your story — “I, like many kids in this area, developed an appreciation for nature by walking through those woods.”\\nMix online and offline efforts. Encourage friends and colleagues to share your petition both online and in person.\\n2-4. Provide financial support if you can.\\nIt’s easy to donate money online to existing organizations that focus on your cause, although you should always do some research on how such groups spend their money. You can also turn to the internet for crowdfunding options, either by utilizing websites like indiegogo.com or firstgiving.com or by using social media to encourage direct donations.\\nIf you’re raising money for your local animal shelter, for instance, make sure there is a clear plan in place for using the funds. Many people won’t just give money blindly without knowing what it will be used for.\\n3. Being an Informed Activist\\n3-1. Read up on your cause.\\nBefore getting involved in a cause, it’s important to be informed about the issues involved. Check out books related to your cause from your school or public library.\\nCharities or other activist organizations devoted to your cause may be able to recommend some books to you. Check out their websites for reading lists.\\nAsk teachers or professors you know who may be familiar with your cause to recommend some books.\\n3-2. Look at websites related to your cause.\\nSearch to find the websites of activist or charitable organizations that support your cause. Read their summaries of the issues, read up on what they are doing to help, and look at any information they have about how you can get involved.\\nUse the internet to read up on the topic in general, but always be aware of the sources for the information and any biases that might be apparent.\\n3-3. Keep an eye on the news.\\nWatch the news or browse newspapers, magazines, or online news publications for information about new developments related to your cause. If you are a member of a charitable or activist organization for your cause, then they may offer a regular newsletter or roundup of recent stories related to the cause.\\nKeep in mind that not all sources are credible or reliable. Carefully evaluate any sources you read, especially on the internet, and be aware of the author’s possible biases.\\n3-4. Take classes on issues related to your cause.\\nIf you are in high school or college, you may be able to sign up for classes that will help you understand your cause better. For example, if you are concerned about environmental issues, an environmental science class would be a good place to start.\\nTaking a class can not only help you become more informed about your cause, but it can also help you connect to others who are interested in the same issues.\\nTalk to your teacher or professor outside of class to get more ideas about how to get involved or educate yourself further.\\nIf you’re not in school, or if your school doesn’t offer courses that are helpful to you, you might be able to find a free or affordable online course related to your cause. For example, Smith College offers a free online course on Women’s Activism through the edX website.\\n3-5. Listen to the people most affected.\\nIf you are interested in a cause that affects other people, then one of the best ways to understand how to help them is to listen to what they have to say. If you can’t reach out to them in person, then try connecting to affected people and communities via social media, or read their stories in books or online.\\nFor example, if you are interested in helping with issues related to LGBT+ rights, speak to members of your local LGBT+ community about what kinds of issues matter the most to them, and what you can do to help. If your campus has a Gay-Straight Alliance club, that might be a good place to start.\\n3-6. Talk to other activists.\\nIf you know other activists in your community who are involved in the cause you are interested in, talking to them is a great way to find out what work is already being done in your area and what you can do to help out.\\nTry connecting with other activists in your area via social media or attend meetings for organizations in your area.\\nIf you are in school, talk to other students or teachers who are interested in your cause. Find out if there are any student organizations on campus related to your cause.\\n4. Pursuing a Career in Activism\\n4-1. Major in a field related to activism.\\nIf you are in college or getting ready to start college, consider majoring in a field that will help you support your cause. For example, you could major in a field like organizational leadership, or you could focus on something more specific to the cause you are interested in, e.g., environmental science or women’s studies.\\nAlso think about other career paths that would allow you to support your cause. For example, if you are interested in public health, you might seek a career in the medical field.\\n4-2. Seek internships.\\nIf you're new to the workforce, internships can be a great way to begin a career as an activist. During college or just after college, look for internships related to your interests. See if your favorite grassroots organizations and non-profits offer internships. Talk to your college advisor about where to find internships related to activism. Completing one or more relevant internships can put you on the right track to becoming a career activist.\\nSome degree programs may require you to complete an internship to graduate. Make sure you check your graduation requirements and complete an internship if it's necessary for your degree.\\n4-3. Look for activist jobs.\\nIf you are ready to start working, look for jobs that are relevant to your interests. See if charities and grassroots organizations you believe in having any open positions that are suited to your skills. For example, if you have strong writing and editing skills, see if you can work as a copywriter for a grassroots organization. If you have skills with planning and coordinating events, look for work as a volunteer coordinator.\\nBasically, whatever job skills you have are probably useful to some activist organization out there that supports your cause — they may need accountants, drivers, cooks, carpenters, doctors, etc.\\nTips\\nBe creative! Activism doesn't have to involve large events. Even if you're working out of your garage you can still make a difference. Bloggers can be activists through their writing, teachers can be activists by encouraging students to challenge their beliefs, artists can leave guerrilla activist art around town, computer-savvy folks can arrange an e-zine, and so on.\\nWhen working with others, consider the needs of the group. Be willing to compromise on the details, if not on your core values.\\nDig deep into what you are researching, don't just skim the top.\\nWarnings\\nBe aware of the consequences if you plan to engage in acts of civil disobedience. Carry a lawyer's business card if you believe that you may be arrested. In the USA, the ACLU makes pocket cards for this purpose.\\nBe respectful of other's opinions, and learn when to recognize when you are turning into a Soapbox, Sally. Once you recognize this, stop being an activist.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"An activist is anyone who sees the need for change and devotes their time to doing something about it. And, as successful teen activists prove, structural, social, or economic barriers don’t have to stop you from pursuing your passion and creating positive change. If you are interested in making a difference for a cause you care about, you can do so by educating yourself about the issue, finding ways to get involved in-person and online, and possibly even pursuing a career in a field related to your cause.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Finding and Supporting Your Passion for Change\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set ambitious but realistic goals.\", \"描述\": \"Throughout history, individual activists have helped topple empires, liberate the oppressed, and open minds to new ideas. And today, even teens can improve their local neighborhoods or build social equality movements through their own efforts. If you want to achieve something, it’s important to be specific about what you want to see happen and how you can really get there.\\nA good tip for making goals is to \\\"think global act local\\\". Basically, you should know how you will benefit the whole world, but you should do the action in your own community. For example, if you want to reduce carbon dioxide, make a change to stop emitting too much carbon dioxide yourself.\\nFor instance, while halting human-caused climate change is a noble goal, it’s too broad to be directly actionable. You can, however, advocate for tougher emissions standards for vehicles and industries in your area.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Join (or start) an organization that supports your cause.\", \"描述\": \"If you share a passion for the same cause as many other activists, you can probably find one or many existing organizations to join. These could be anything from a student club to a national organization (like the American Civil Liberties Union or the National Organizers Alliance). \\nMost activist organizations offer different levels of involvement. So you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether that means attending meetings and demonstrations, making phone calls to your local representatives, or just donating a little money when you can.\\nOr, you can set up your own activist organization, whether it be a recycling club at school or an anti-racism group online. It’s okay to start small.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Volunteer your time.\", \"描述\": \"One of the best ways to make a difference is to donate your time to support your passion. Reach out to organizations in your community that does work for your cause, and ask how you can help.\\nFor example, if you are interested in supporting animals in need, try volunteering at your local animal shelter or wildlife rescue. There are many ways you could help, from caring for the animals to helping with fundraising events or writing content for the web.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Donate money or supplies.\", \"描述\": \"Most activists or charitable organizations need resources to do their work. If you can’t afford to donate money to an organization that supports your cause, you may be able to donate other things they need, like clothing or canned food.\\nBe aware that some charities are more reputable than others. If you plan to donate money or goods to support a cause, do some research before you donate. Check out your charity’s rating with organizations like Charity Watch, Charity Navigator, or the BBB Wise Giving Alliance.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Reach out to family and friends.\", \"描述\": \"Tell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have learned. If you do volunteer work, invite an interested friend or family member to volunteer with you.\\nIf you’re not sure how to begin, start by coming up with a list of five friends or family members you feel you can talk to about your cause. Think about how you would feel most comfortable approaching them (e.g., over email, over the phone, or in-person), and reach out to them in the way that feels right to you.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Lead by example.\", \"描述\": \"One of the simplest and most important forms of activism is practicing what you believe in, or “conscious activism.” Practicing conscious activism means incorporating activism into your everyday life by living and acting in ways that directly support your cause (e.g., reducing your carbon footprint, using sustainably produced products, and so on).\\nFor example, if you are interested in minimizing animal cruelty, you can start by not using products made from animals (like fur or leather) and avoiding businesses that exploit animals (like circuses or SeaWorld).\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Identify and specify your passions.\", \"描述\": \"When you look at the world around you, what gets you excited? Fills you with hope, makes you angry? Causes you to be fearful of the future? Your passions can focus on supporting what’s good (e.g., healthier menus in schools) or confronting what you see as wrong (e.g., online body-shaming of teens).\\nWrite down or type out a list of things you’re passionate about, and try to be as specific as possible. For each, identify the problem, the solution, and what you can do to help.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Partaking in Online Activism\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Promote your cause on social media.\", \"描述\": \"You can use social media to keep your friends and followers informed about the causes you support. Post informative articles, write about what you are doing to stay involved, and invite your friends to attend events or donate to fundraisers for your cause. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram -- each of the above is a good place to start.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Explain and provide evidence for your perspective.\", \"描述\": \"No matter your cause, from nuclear proliferation to gender identity and bathroom choices, you’ll meet plenty of people online with differing views than yours. Some will never be persuaded no matter what evidence you provide, but others may be willing to listen to reason, thoughtful explanations.\\nAppealing to others’ emotions (“This product is harmful to our children’s health!”) works best when supported by evidence (“Check out the following scientific studies…”).\\nThere is “fake news” all over the internet, so do a little digging to evaluate the evidence before sharing it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Circulate online petitions.\", \"描述\": \"Thanks to the internet, starting a petition no longer has to mean going door to door with a pen and clipboard. There are numerous websites and social media platforms that house petitions, including change.org and petitions.whitehouse.gov. To drum up support for a petition:\\nEstablish a clear, specific, and realistic goal — “Protect the wooded area adjacent to Veterans' Park from development.”\\nPersonalize the cause by telling your story — “I, like many kids in this area, developed an appreciation for nature by walking through those woods.”\\nMix online and offline efforts. Encourage friends and colleagues to share your petition both online and in person.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Provide financial support if you can.\", \"描述\": \"It’s easy to donate money online to existing organizations that focus on your cause, although you should always do some research on how such groups spend their money. You can also turn to the internet for crowdfunding options, either by utilizing websites like indiegogo.com or firstgiving.com or by using social media to encourage direct donations.\\nIf you’re raising money for your local animal shelter, for instance, make sure there is a clear plan in place for using the funds. Many people won’t just give money blindly without knowing what it will be used for.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Being an Informed Activist\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Read up on your cause.\", \"描述\": \"Before getting involved in a cause, it’s important to be informed about the issues involved. Check out books related to your cause from your school or public library.\\nCharities or other activist organizations devoted to your cause may be able to recommend some books to you. Check out their websites for reading lists.\\nAsk teachers or professors you know who may be familiar with your cause to recommend some books.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look at websites related to your cause.\", \"描述\": \"Search to find the websites of activist or charitable organizations that support your cause. Read their summaries of the issues, read up on what they are doing to help, and look at any information they have about how you can get involved.\\nUse the internet to read up on the topic in general, but always be aware of the sources for the information and any biases that might be apparent.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep an eye on the news.\", \"描述\": \"Watch the news or browse newspapers, magazines, or online news publications for information about new developments related to your cause. If you are a member of a charitable or activist organization for your cause, then they may offer a regular newsletter or roundup of recent stories related to the cause.\\nKeep in mind that not all sources are credible or reliable. Carefully evaluate any sources you read, especially on the internet, and be aware of the author’s possible biases.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take classes on issues related to your cause.\", \"描述\": \"If you are in high school or college, you may be able to sign up for classes that will help you understand your cause better. For example, if you are concerned about environmental issues, an environmental science class would be a good place to start.\\nTaking a class can not only help you become more informed about your cause, but it can also help you connect to others who are interested in the same issues.\\nTalk to your teacher or professor outside of class to get more ideas about how to get involved or educate yourself further.\\nIf you’re not in school, or if your school doesn’t offer courses that are helpful to you, you might be able to find a free or affordable online course related to your cause. For example, Smith College offers a free online course on Women’s Activism through the edX website.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Listen to the people most affected.\", \"描述\": \"If you are interested in a cause that affects other people, then one of the best ways to understand how to help them is to listen to what they have to say. If you can’t reach out to them in person, then try connecting to affected people and communities via social media, or read their stories in books or online.\\nFor example, if you are interested in helping with issues related to LGBT+ rights, speak to members of your local LGBT+ community about what kinds of issues matter the most to them, and what you can do to help. If your campus has a Gay-Straight Alliance club, that might be a good place to start.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Talk to other activists.\", \"描述\": \"If you know other activists in your community who are involved in the cause you are interested in, talking to them is a great way to find out what work is already being done in your area and what you can do to help out.\\nTry connecting with other activists in your area via social media or attend meetings for organizations in your area.\\nIf you are in school, talk to other students or teachers who are interested in your cause. Find out if there are any student organizations on campus related to your cause.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pursuing a Career in Activism\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Major in a field related to activism.\", \"描述\": \"If you are in college or getting ready to start college, consider majoring in a field that will help you support your cause. For example, you could major in a field like organizational leadership, or you could focus on something more specific to the cause you are interested in, e.g., environmental science or women’s studies.\\nAlso think about other career paths that would allow you to support your cause. For example, if you are interested in public health, you might seek a career in the medical field.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Seek internships.\", \"描述\": \"If you're new to the workforce, internships can be a great way to begin a career as an activist. During college or just after college, look for internships related to your interests. See if your favorite grassroots organizations and non-profits offer internships. Talk to your college advisor about where to find internships related to activism. Completing one or more relevant internships can put you on the right track to becoming a career activist.\\nSome degree programs may require you to complete an internship to graduate. Make sure you check your graduation requirements and complete an internship if it's necessary for your degree.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for activist jobs.\", \"描述\": \"If you are ready to start working, look for jobs that are relevant to your interests. See if charities and grassroots organizations you believe in having any open positions that are suited to your skills. For example, if you have strong writing and editing skills, see if you can work as a copywriter for a grassroots organization. If you have skills with planning and coordinating events, look for work as a volunteer coordinator.\\nBasically, whatever job skills you have are probably useful to some activist organization out there that supports your cause — they may need accountants, drivers, cooks, carpenters, doctors, etc.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Be creative! Activism doesn't have to involve large events. Even if you're working out of your garage you can still make a difference. Bloggers can be activists through their writing, teachers can be activists by encouraging students to challenge their beliefs, artists can leave guerrilla activist art around town, computer-savvy folks can arrange an e-zine, and so on.\\n\", \"When working with others, consider the needs of the group. Be willing to compromise on the details, if not on your core values.\\n\", \"Dig deep into what you are researching, don't just skim the top.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Be aware of the consequences if you plan to engage in acts of civil disobedience. Carry a lawyer's business card if you believe that you may be arrested. In the USA, the ACLU makes pocket cards for this purpose.\\n\", \"Be respectful of other's opinions, and learn when to recognize when you are turning into a Soapbox, Sally. Once you recognize this, stop being an activist.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,902 |
How to Become an Actor
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1. Improving Your Craft
1-1. Improve your memory
Start with small sections of the script, working on areas that have the same emotional charge to them. Perfect the line by repeating it and remembering a visual that is represented in the lines. Continue working on line memorization until you’ve perfected a whole scene.
Exercise regularly and have a diet rich in omega-3s to help encourage memory improvement.
Associate the line with any movements you would make during that scene. That way, you have mental cues to help guide you.
Take frequent breaks. Every time you sit down to start memorization again, try to repeat the lines you were practicing where you left off.
1-2. Work on projecting your voice.
Since members of an audience may be sitting rows away, work on enunciating your words clearly and loudly. Stay away from cigarettes, alcohol, and anything that dehydrates your vocal cords and prevents you from performing.
If you’re acting for film, pay attention to the mood of the scene. You don’t want to be loud and projecting while everyone else is sad.
Projecting your voice is not the same as yelling.
Breathe from your diaphragm to get the most depth and volume from your voice.
1-3. Work on different dialects.
Practice reading out loud in different voices and accents to have more versatility as an actor. If you can, watch videos of people speaking in the dialect you’re practicing to see how their mouth moves when they articulate their words.
If you can, talk to a native speaker of the dialect you’re practicing so you can notice small details you may not have picked up before
Hire a dialect coach if possible to help get you started.
1-4. Channel your emotions into the role.
Look over scripts and determine the main emotions of the scene. Whatever your character is supposed to be feeling at that moment, make sure your performance conveys it. For example, if your character is sad, you may be more soft-spoken and use fewer hand gestures than an overly-excited character.
The emotional state of the scene also helps you remember your lines since you will associate the dialogue of the scene with what you’re feeling.
1-5. Work on your stage skills.
Begin emoting with your entire face and using gestures so the audience will understand what your character is feeling. Work on other skills, like dancing, singing, and choreography to help round out your skills and make you more marketable.
Stage combat classes can show you how to fight convincingly without getting injured. Knowing how to do it can open up a number of roles, in both plays and musicals.
Take dance classes. The more skills you have, the more versatile you are and the more likely you are to land roles.
Do something out of the ordinary. Any skills that most other performers don't have may pay off in the long-run, so keep up your hobbies.
1-6. Study acting at a university or an arts academy.
Though it's possible to act without a formal education, if you don't live in LA or New York, this is a pretty standard go-to option. You'll get exposure to the pros, learn about techniques, and get automatic chances to work on a stage. This will also help you build your resume, get exposure, and set up a network of colleagues and contacts. Your teachers will constantly be pushing you to do more, practically taking care of the motivation part for you.
Acting school isn’t required to be a professional actor. As long as you continue honing your craft and practicing, you could become the next star.
1-7. Attend summer camps, acting workshops, or summer stock in your area.
Some of these can be intensive enough that you'll learn months worth of material in a period of 2 to 3 weeks. You can be involved in multiple shows doing multiple roles and possibly even get stipends for your work.
If you're stuck with a job or in school that keeps you from being able to attend these, make sure you're always reading and researching your craft. Go to shows, read up on theory, and expose yourself to new ideas and schools of thought.
Contact your local theatre to see if they have any special events or seminars coming up that you could attend.
If you're interested in stage theatre, summer stock is a great way to get started and it only runs during the summer. Plays, musicals, and even operas get put up in a matter of weeks all throughout the country and offer very valuable life experience. Find an audition near you in the spring to gear up for the season once school's out.
1-8. Practice acting in community theater.
Look at your local theatres to see what shows they’re putting on. Winning a role in a community theater production will put you in contact with others who are polishing their craft just like you and garner you more experience. You'll also get a better idea of where you stand in relation to the competition.
Consider working a role backstage if the shows they’re playing don’t interest you.
Even if you're not looking to work for the stage or do straight plays or musicals, any experience in the field of drama looks good on your resume and will teach you things you didn't know. And you'll make friends, too!
1-9. Hire an acting coach to help you with your technique.
Look for a coach with a lot of industry experience and connections. Your coach can give you the personal attention you need to tackle your weak spots as well as polish what you do well.
Always ask your connections for help on finding a coach. Talk to the staff and faculty at the school you attend or a theatre you've worked with. Someone will surely know somebody that can hook you up with what you're looking for.
Find someone with experience in multiple fields so you can train and get pointers in a few different areas.
2. Building Your Personal Brand
2-1. Get web exposure through social media and acting websites.
Put videos of your performances on YouTube or set up a page on Facebook and Twitter where fans can like and share your content, like photos of you in roles or your headshots. It's a long shot, but you never know who may randomly stumble upon your info and decide to hire you. After building a social media presence, make pages on acting-related sites like Actors Access to connect with the industry.
Think of yourself as an entrepreneur. You are an artist, but you're also in the business for yourself. Use relevant hashtags in posts so you can get the maximum amount of exposure.
Build a personal website with an easy to remember URL. Use your name as the web address if it’s not already taken.
Connect with acting communities on LinkedIn to find like-minded individuals.
2-2. Get headshots
Have a professional take your photos so you can have the best looking headshots. Wear minimal amounts of makeup so directors looking through the photos will know what you look like if you were to walk in at that moment. Look directly into the camera as the pictures are taken.
Ask around for any emerging photographers willing to take you on for a small fee, or even free. The great thing about headshots is that no set is required and nothing fancy-schmancy is necessary.
Update your headshot every 2 or 3 years so casting directors will know what you currently look like.
2-3. Network
Be approachable and build your reputation as a professional. Be the first person to reach out to others so you show a genuine interest in the people close to you. Those in your network can connect you to available jobs and can provide you with valuable insights about your work and about the business.
Avoid developing a bad reputation. If you get coined as lazy, difficult to work with, or just downright snooty, you're less likely to get gigs.
Use websites like LinkedIn to connect with others in your area and field.
2-4. Stay informed about the industry.
Check out industry papers and websites like Variety, Backstage, Show Business Weekly, and the Hollywood Reporter.com to find out what are the current trends in the business. Constantly go to shows and work on side projects with friends and acquaintances to keep your creative flame burning.
Stay up to date on emerging playwrights and directors, familiarize yourself with theories, and get yourself out there. Knowing in which direction "the scene" is going will help keep you ahead of the curve. Maybe you'll be the inspiration for the next big project!
3. Auditioning for Roles
3-1. Learn an array of monologues.
Look up 1-2 minute monologues online or purchase an acting book with monologues from famous pieces. Practice delivering them in your own voice and acting style. Monologues are often used to cast you in plays, movies and shows and they allow you to showcase your talents in a short period of time.
Choose a monologue based on the type of actor you are. Don’t read an old woman’s monologue if you’re a young man, or vice-versa.
You'll want contrasting monologues. Even if you always play the funny man, have a couple serious monologues ready to whip out when requested.
For singers, prepare 16-32 bars of a few songs and master them. Some auditions won't specify a genre while some will want you to show them something similar to what they're producing.
3-2. Assemble your resume
List your acting-related strengths in a notebook and pick your most important skills. Add any productions that you've done at camps, workshops, universities and community theater. Make sure you only list your most recent productions so the casting director isn’t overwhelmed by the amount of work on your resume.
List any special abilities that you have (dancing, singing, dialects, combat, etc.) on your resume. Don't lie about what skills you have.
3-3. Show up prepared.
Show up on time, know your audition material, bring any materials that you need (including a pen or pencil), and look your best. You can't control what the director who's casting the project will think of you, but you can control how well you present yourself.
Be talkative and confident with your talent. You never know who you'll meet that can get you in. That guy hiding in the corner with a headset on probably has way more power than you realize, and even if he doesn't now, he may later. So chat up those around you and dig your toes into the acting sandbox.
3-4. Audition frequently.
Taking auditions is a good way to be seen about town. Once people start to recognize you, they'll be more likely to consider you for roles. Getting your name out there is half the battle.
You will get rejections. Take them lightly and keep going. A yes will come eventually.
4. Continuing Your Career
4-1. Move to a large city if possible.
Start by working in your local film scene or in areas that you can easily get to. Save the money you make so you can make the move to a larger city where more roles are available and movies are frequently made.
Consider moving to Los Angeles, Austin, New York, or Atlanta if you’re in the United States. Try Vancouver, Toronto, London, or Mumbai for film outside of the US.
4-2. Look for roles in commercials when you begin.
Search for casting calls on websites like Backstage or Craigslist for local commercials. As you go in for the audition, dress for the part you’re playing so the casting directors can easily picture you in the role.
Commercial acting is a smaller role, but it will give you exposure to a wide audience and get your face out to the public.
Look out for posts on Craigslist that seem too good to be true since they could possibly be scams. Watch for off-site emails or jobs that seem to be paying too high with no needed experience.
4-3. Become an "extra" actor in larger pictures.
Once you're where you need to be, get connected and take on roles as an extra, or background actor. Open casting calls for these can be found all over the Internet, but a few places to start off are Backstage, Hollywood Reporter and Variety.
Though it may not be a starring role, you can still list an extra role on your resume to show you have experience.
4-4. Get an agent.
Ask around your network for opinions on who to go to and how to get started. Make cold-calls or send inquiry letters to agencies to see if they are looking for new talent to represent. An agent will help you negotiate deals for the roles you take on.
Agents only get paid when they find you work. Don't buy into the ones that demand some exorbitant fee even if your schedule stays wide open.
4-5. Get into a performer's union.
Look into organizations like ACTRA, AEA, AGMA or AGVA. Once you are a member for at least 1 year and worked under union, you’re eligible to get into SAG (the Screen Actor's Guild). Unions provide you with benefits and insurances while you’re working.
Annual SAG fees are $201.96 USD and 1.575% of the earnings you make in that year. Check with the union you’re interested in to see what their annual rates are.
4-6. Consider getting your equity card if you want to do theatre.
Though it's completely possible to run through all the hoops without it and still find success, having your equity card opens up a number of auditions that otherwise wouldn't be available to you. You either have to get a contract that requires equity standing, be a member of a sister group (like SAG, for example), or accumulate enough credits to meet the standard.
It's natural to find the process a bit confusing, so contact a friend or mainstay in your actor's social network for more information on how they received their card.
Tips
Perfect your ability to perform skills such as skiing, surfing, and skating. The more you can do, the more marketable you will be as an actor.
Do NOT get tattoos, especially in conspicuous areas.
Every day act like someone or something you aren't for practice.
Warnings
Acting is an extraordinarily competitive field, and you may never be as famous as you want to be. Be realistic but, at the same time, ambitious.
There may be moments where you won’t find a job and will need to pinch pennies to make it by. Pick up a second job and let them know you’re an actor in case you do land a role.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:08",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Improving Your Craft\\n1-1. Improve your memory\\nStart with small sections of the script, working on areas that have the same emotional charge to them. Perfect the line by repeating it and remembering a visual that is represented in the lines. Continue working on line memorization until you’ve perfected a whole scene.\\nExercise regularly and have a diet rich in omega-3s to help encourage memory improvement.\\nAssociate the line with any movements you would make during that scene. That way, you have mental cues to help guide you.\\nTake frequent breaks. Every time you sit down to start memorization again, try to repeat the lines you were practicing where you left off.\\n1-2. Work on projecting your voice.\\nSince members of an audience may be sitting rows away, work on enunciating your words clearly and loudly. Stay away from cigarettes, alcohol, and anything that dehydrates your vocal cords and prevents you from performing.\\nIf you’re acting for film, pay attention to the mood of the scene. You don’t want to be loud and projecting while everyone else is sad.\\nProjecting your voice is not the same as yelling.\\nBreathe from your diaphragm to get the most depth and volume from your voice.\\n1-3. Work on different dialects.\\nPractice reading out loud in different voices and accents to have more versatility as an actor. If you can, watch videos of people speaking in the dialect you’re practicing to see how their mouth moves when they articulate their words.\\nIf you can, talk to a native speaker of the dialect you’re practicing so you can notice small details you may not have picked up before\\nHire a dialect coach if possible to help get you started.\\n1-4. Channel your emotions into the role.\\nLook over scripts and determine the main emotions of the scene. Whatever your character is supposed to be feeling at that moment, make sure your performance conveys it. For example, if your character is sad, you may be more soft-spoken and use fewer hand gestures than an overly-excited character.\\nThe emotional state of the scene also helps you remember your lines since you will associate the dialogue of the scene with what you’re feeling.\\n1-5. Work on your stage skills.\\nBegin emoting with your entire face and using gestures so the audience will understand what your character is feeling. Work on other skills, like dancing, singing, and choreography to help round out your skills and make you more marketable.\\nStage combat classes can show you how to fight convincingly without getting injured. Knowing how to do it can open up a number of roles, in both plays and musicals.\\nTake dance classes. The more skills you have, the more versatile you are and the more likely you are to land roles.\\nDo something out of the ordinary. Any skills that most other performers don't have may pay off in the long-run, so keep up your hobbies.\\n1-6. Study acting at a university or an arts academy.\\nThough it's possible to act without a formal education, if you don't live in LA or New York, this is a pretty standard go-to option. You'll get exposure to the pros, learn about techniques, and get automatic chances to work on a stage. This will also help you build your resume, get exposure, and set up a network of colleagues and contacts. Your teachers will constantly be pushing you to do more, practically taking care of the motivation part for you.\\nActing school isn’t required to be a professional actor. As long as you continue honing your craft and practicing, you could become the next star.\\n1-7. Attend summer camps, acting workshops, or summer stock in your area.\\nSome of these can be intensive enough that you'll learn months worth of material in a period of 2 to 3 weeks. You can be involved in multiple shows doing multiple roles and possibly even get stipends for your work.\\nIf you're stuck with a job or in school that keeps you from being able to attend these, make sure you're always reading and researching your craft. Go to shows, read up on theory, and expose yourself to new ideas and schools of thought.\\nContact your local theatre to see if they have any special events or seminars coming up that you could attend.\\nIf you're interested in stage theatre, summer stock is a great way to get started and it only runs during the summer. Plays, musicals, and even operas get put up in a matter of weeks all throughout the country and offer very valuable life experience. Find an audition near you in the spring to gear up for the season once school's out.\\n1-8. Practice acting in community theater.\\nLook at your local theatres to see what shows they’re putting on. Winning a role in a community theater production will put you in contact with others who are polishing their craft just like you and garner you more experience. You'll also get a better idea of where you stand in relation to the competition.\\nConsider working a role backstage if the shows they’re playing don’t interest you.\\nEven if you're not looking to work for the stage or do straight plays or musicals, any experience in the field of drama looks good on your resume and will teach you things you didn't know. And you'll make friends, too!\\n1-9. Hire an acting coach to help you with your technique.\\nLook for a coach with a lot of industry experience and connections. Your coach can give you the personal attention you need to tackle your weak spots as well as polish what you do well.\\nAlways ask your connections for help on finding a coach. Talk to the staff and faculty at the school you attend or a theatre you've worked with. Someone will surely know somebody that can hook you up with what you're looking for.\\nFind someone with experience in multiple fields so you can train and get pointers in a few different areas.\\n2. Building Your Personal Brand\\n2-1. Get web exposure through social media and acting websites.\\nPut videos of your performances on YouTube or set up a page on Facebook and Twitter where fans can like and share your content, like photos of you in roles or your headshots. It's a long shot, but you never know who may randomly stumble upon your info and decide to hire you. After building a social media presence, make pages on acting-related sites like Actors Access to connect with the industry.\\nThink of yourself as an entrepreneur. You are an artist, but you're also in the business for yourself. Use relevant hashtags in posts so you can get the maximum amount of exposure.\\nBuild a personal website with an easy to remember URL. Use your name as the web address if it’s not already taken.\\nConnect with acting communities on LinkedIn to find like-minded individuals.\\n2-2. Get headshots\\nHave a professional take your photos so you can have the best looking headshots. Wear minimal amounts of makeup so directors looking through the photos will know what you look like if you were to walk in at that moment. Look directly into the camera as the pictures are taken.\\nAsk around for any emerging photographers willing to take you on for a small fee, or even free. The great thing about headshots is that no set is required and nothing fancy-schmancy is necessary.\\nUpdate your headshot every 2 or 3 years so casting directors will know what you currently look like.\\n2-3. Network\\nBe approachable and build your reputation as a professional. Be the first person to reach out to others so you show a genuine interest in the people close to you. Those in your network can connect you to available jobs and can provide you with valuable insights about your work and about the business. \\nAvoid developing a bad reputation. If you get coined as lazy, difficult to work with, or just downright snooty, you're less likely to get gigs.\\nUse websites like LinkedIn to connect with others in your area and field.\\n2-4. Stay informed about the industry.\\nCheck out industry papers and websites like Variety, Backstage, Show Business Weekly, and the Hollywood Reporter.com to find out what are the current trends in the business. Constantly go to shows and work on side projects with friends and acquaintances to keep your creative flame burning.\\nStay up to date on emerging playwrights and directors, familiarize yourself with theories, and get yourself out there. Knowing in which direction \\\"the scene\\\" is going will help keep you ahead of the curve. Maybe you'll be the inspiration for the next big project!\\n3. Auditioning for Roles\\n3-1. Learn an array of monologues.\\nLook up 1-2 minute monologues online or purchase an acting book with monologues from famous pieces. Practice delivering them in your own voice and acting style. Monologues are often used to cast you in plays, movies and shows and they allow you to showcase your talents in a short period of time.\\nChoose a monologue based on the type of actor you are. Don’t read an old woman’s monologue if you’re a young man, or vice-versa.\\nYou'll want contrasting monologues. Even if you always play the funny man, have a couple serious monologues ready to whip out when requested.\\nFor singers, prepare 16-32 bars of a few songs and master them. Some auditions won't specify a genre while some will want you to show them something similar to what they're producing.\\n3-2. Assemble your resume\\nList your acting-related strengths in a notebook and pick your most important skills. Add any productions that you've done at camps, workshops, universities and community theater. Make sure you only list your most recent productions so the casting director isn’t overwhelmed by the amount of work on your resume.\\nList any special abilities that you have (dancing, singing, dialects, combat, etc.) on your resume. Don't lie about what skills you have.\\n3-3. Show up prepared.\\nShow up on time, know your audition material, bring any materials that you need (including a pen or pencil), and look your best. You can't control what the director who's casting the project will think of you, but you can control how well you present yourself.\\nBe talkative and confident with your talent. You never know who you'll meet that can get you in. That guy hiding in the corner with a headset on probably has way more power than you realize, and even if he doesn't now, he may later. So chat up those around you and dig your toes into the acting sandbox.\\n3-4. Audition frequently.\\nTaking auditions is a good way to be seen about town. Once people start to recognize you, they'll be more likely to consider you for roles. Getting your name out there is half the battle.\\nYou will get rejections. Take them lightly and keep going. A yes will come eventually.\\n4. Continuing Your Career\\n4-1. Move to a large city if possible.\\nStart by working in your local film scene or in areas that you can easily get to. Save the money you make so you can make the move to a larger city where more roles are available and movies are frequently made.\\nConsider moving to Los Angeles, Austin, New York, or Atlanta if you’re in the United States. Try Vancouver, Toronto, London, or Mumbai for film outside of the US.\\n4-2. Look for roles in commercials when you begin.\\nSearch for casting calls on websites like Backstage or Craigslist for local commercials. As you go in for the audition, dress for the part you’re playing so the casting directors can easily picture you in the role.\\nCommercial acting is a smaller role, but it will give you exposure to a wide audience and get your face out to the public.\\nLook out for posts on Craigslist that seem too good to be true since they could possibly be scams. Watch for off-site emails or jobs that seem to be paying too high with no needed experience.\\n4-3. Become an \\\"extra\\\" actor in larger pictures.\\nOnce you're where you need to be, get connected and take on roles as an extra, or background actor. Open casting calls for these can be found all over the Internet, but a few places to start off are Backstage, Hollywood Reporter and Variety.\\nThough it may not be a starring role, you can still list an extra role on your resume to show you have experience.\\n4-4. Get an agent.\\nAsk around your network for opinions on who to go to and how to get started. Make cold-calls or send inquiry letters to agencies to see if they are looking for new talent to represent. An agent will help you negotiate deals for the roles you take on.\\nAgents only get paid when they find you work. Don't buy into the ones that demand some exorbitant fee even if your schedule stays wide open.\\n4-5. Get into a performer's union.\\nLook into organizations like ACTRA, AEA, AGMA or AGVA. Once you are a member for at least 1 year and worked under union, you’re eligible to get into SAG (the Screen Actor's Guild). Unions provide you with benefits and insurances while you’re working.\\nAnnual SAG fees are $201.96 USD and 1.575% of the earnings you make in that year. Check with the union you’re interested in to see what their annual rates are.\\n4-6. Consider getting your equity card if you want to do theatre.\\nThough it's completely possible to run through all the hoops without it and still find success, having your equity card opens up a number of auditions that otherwise wouldn't be available to you. You either have to get a contract that requires equity standing, be a member of a sister group (like SAG, for example), or accumulate enough credits to meet the standard.\\nIt's natural to find the process a bit confusing, so contact a friend or mainstay in your actor's social network for more information on how they received their card.\\nTips\\nPerfect your ability to perform skills such as skiing, surfing, and skating. The more you can do, the more marketable you will be as an actor.\\nDo NOT get tattoos, especially in conspicuous areas.\\nEvery day act like someone or something you aren't for practice.\\nWarnings\\nActing is an extraordinarily competitive field, and you may never be as famous as you want to be. Be realistic but, at the same time, ambitious.\\nThere may be moments where you won’t find a job and will need to pinch pennies to make it by. Pick up a second job and let them know you’re an actor in case you do land a role.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Becoming an actor lets you explore new roles and characters different than yourself. It may be a little intimidating, but remember, every famous actor had to start somewhere. The key to becoming an actor is practicing and learning as much as possible, branding yourself, and auditioning. With hard work and dedication, you could be the star on the big screen someday!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Improving Your Craft\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Improve your memory\", \"描述\": \"Start with small sections of the script, working on areas that have the same emotional charge to them. Perfect the line by repeating it and remembering a visual that is represented in the lines. Continue working on line memorization until you’ve perfected a whole scene.\\nExercise regularly and have a diet rich in omega-3s to help encourage memory improvement.\\nAssociate the line with any movements you would make during that scene. That way, you have mental cues to help guide you.\\nTake frequent breaks. Every time you sit down to start memorization again, try to repeat the lines you were practicing where you left off.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Work on projecting your voice.\", \"描述\": \"Since members of an audience may be sitting rows away, work on enunciating your words clearly and loudly. Stay away from cigarettes, alcohol, and anything that dehydrates your vocal cords and prevents you from performing.\\nIf you’re acting for film, pay attention to the mood of the scene. You don’t want to be loud and projecting while everyone else is sad.\\nProjecting your voice is not the same as yelling.\\nBreathe from your diaphragm to get the most depth and volume from your voice.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work on different dialects.\", \"描述\": \"Practice reading out loud in different voices and accents to have more versatility as an actor. If you can, watch videos of people speaking in the dialect you’re practicing to see how their mouth moves when they articulate their words.\\nIf you can, talk to a native speaker of the dialect you’re practicing so you can notice small details you may not have picked up before\\nHire a dialect coach if possible to help get you started.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Channel your emotions into the role.\", \"描述\": \"Look over scripts and determine the main emotions of the scene. Whatever your character is supposed to be feeling at that moment, make sure your performance conveys it. For example, if your character is sad, you may be more soft-spoken and use fewer hand gestures than an overly-excited character.\\nThe emotional state of the scene also helps you remember your lines since you will associate the dialogue of the scene with what you’re feeling.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Work on your stage skills.\", \"描述\": \"Begin emoting with your entire face and using gestures so the audience will understand what your character is feeling. Work on other skills, like dancing, singing, and choreography to help round out your skills and make you more marketable.\\nStage combat classes can show you how to fight convincingly without getting injured. Knowing how to do it can open up a number of roles, in both plays and musicals.\\nTake dance classes. The more skills you have, the more versatile you are and the more likely you are to land roles.\\nDo something out of the ordinary. Any skills that most other performers don't have may pay off in the long-run, so keep up your hobbies.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Study acting at a university or an arts academy.\", \"描述\": \"Though it's possible to act without a formal education, if you don't live in LA or New York, this is a pretty standard go-to option. You'll get exposure to the pros, learn about techniques, and get automatic chances to work on a stage. This will also help you build your resume, get exposure, and set up a network of colleagues and contacts. Your teachers will constantly be pushing you to do more, practically taking care of the motivation part for you.\\nActing school isn’t required to be a professional actor. As long as you continue honing your craft and practicing, you could become the next star.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Attend summer camps, acting workshops, or summer stock in your area.\", \"描述\": \"Some of these can be intensive enough that you'll learn months worth of material in a period of 2 to 3 weeks. You can be involved in multiple shows doing multiple roles and possibly even get stipends for your work.\\nIf you're stuck with a job or in school that keeps you from being able to attend these, make sure you're always reading and researching your craft. Go to shows, read up on theory, and expose yourself to new ideas and schools of thought.\\nContact your local theatre to see if they have any special events or seminars coming up that you could attend.\\nIf you're interested in stage theatre, summer stock is a great way to get started and it only runs during the summer. Plays, musicals, and even operas get put up in a matter of weeks all throughout the country and offer very valuable life experience. Find an audition near you in the spring to gear up for the season once school's out.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Practice acting in community theater.\", \"描述\": \"Look at your local theatres to see what shows they’re putting on. Winning a role in a community theater production will put you in contact with others who are polishing their craft just like you and garner you more experience. You'll also get a better idea of where you stand in relation to the competition.\\nConsider working a role backstage if the shows they’re playing don’t interest you.\\nEven if you're not looking to work for the stage or do straight plays or musicals, any experience in the field of drama looks good on your resume and will teach you things you didn't know. And you'll make friends, too!\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Hire an acting coach to help you with your technique.\", \"描述\": \"Look for a coach with a lot of industry experience and connections. Your coach can give you the personal attention you need to tackle your weak spots as well as polish what you do well.\\nAlways ask your connections for help on finding a coach. Talk to the staff and faculty at the school you attend or a theatre you've worked with. Someone will surely know somebody that can hook you up with what you're looking for.\\nFind someone with experience in multiple fields so you can train and get pointers in a few different areas.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Building Your Personal Brand\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get web exposure through social media and acting websites.\", \"描述\": \"Put videos of your performances on YouTube or set up a page on Facebook and Twitter where fans can like and share your content, like photos of you in roles or your headshots. It's a long shot, but you never know who may randomly stumble upon your info and decide to hire you. After building a social media presence, make pages on acting-related sites like Actors Access to connect with the industry.\\nThink of yourself as an entrepreneur. You are an artist, but you're also in the business for yourself. Use relevant hashtags in posts so you can get the maximum amount of exposure.\\nBuild a personal website with an easy to remember URL. Use your name as the web address if it’s not already taken.\\nConnect with acting communities on LinkedIn to find like-minded individuals.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get headshots\", \"描述\": \"Have a professional take your photos so you can have the best looking headshots. Wear minimal amounts of makeup so directors looking through the photos will know what you look like if you were to walk in at that moment. Look directly into the camera as the pictures are taken.\\nAsk around for any emerging photographers willing to take you on for a small fee, or even free. The great thing about headshots is that no set is required and nothing fancy-schmancy is necessary.\\nUpdate your headshot every 2 or 3 years so casting directors will know what you currently look like.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Network\", \"描述\": \"Be approachable and build your reputation as a professional. Be the first person to reach out to others so you show a genuine interest in the people close to you. Those in your network can connect you to available jobs and can provide you with valuable insights about your work and about the business. \\nAvoid developing a bad reputation. If you get coined as lazy, difficult to work with, or just downright snooty, you're less likely to get gigs.\\nUse websites like LinkedIn to connect with others in your area and field.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stay informed about the industry.\", \"描述\": \"Check out industry papers and websites like Variety, Backstage, Show Business Weekly, and the Hollywood Reporter.com to find out what are the current trends in the business. Constantly go to shows and work on side projects with friends and acquaintances to keep your creative flame burning.\\nStay up to date on emerging playwrights and directors, familiarize yourself with theories, and get yourself out there. Knowing in which direction \\\"the scene\\\" is going will help keep you ahead of the curve. Maybe you'll be the inspiration for the next big project!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Auditioning for Roles\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn an array of monologues.\", \"描述\": \"Look up 1-2 minute monologues online or purchase an acting book with monologues from famous pieces. Practice delivering them in your own voice and acting style. Monologues are often used to cast you in plays, movies and shows and they allow you to showcase your talents in a short period of time.\\nChoose a monologue based on the type of actor you are. Don’t read an old woman’s monologue if you’re a young man, or vice-versa.\\nYou'll want contrasting monologues. Even if you always play the funny man, have a couple serious monologues ready to whip out when requested.\\nFor singers, prepare 16-32 bars of a few songs and master them. Some auditions won't specify a genre while some will want you to show them something similar to what they're producing.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Assemble your resume\", \"描述\": \"List your acting-related strengths in a notebook and pick your most important skills. Add any productions that you've done at camps, workshops, universities and community theater. Make sure you only list your most recent productions so the casting director isn’t overwhelmed by the amount of work on your resume.\\nList any special abilities that you have (dancing, singing, dialects, combat, etc.) on your resume. Don't lie about what skills you have.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Show up prepared.\", \"描述\": \"Show up on time, know your audition material, bring any materials that you need (including a pen or pencil), and look your best. You can't control what the director who's casting the project will think of you, but you can control how well you present yourself.\\nBe talkative and confident with your talent. You never know who you'll meet that can get you in. That guy hiding in the corner with a headset on probably has way more power than you realize, and even if he doesn't now, he may later. So chat up those around you and dig your toes into the acting sandbox.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Audition frequently.\", \"描述\": \"Taking auditions is a good way to be seen about town. Once people start to recognize you, they'll be more likely to consider you for roles. Getting your name out there is half the battle.\\nYou will get rejections. Take them lightly and keep going. A yes will come eventually.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Continuing Your Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Move to a large city if possible.\", \"描述\": \"Start by working in your local film scene or in areas that you can easily get to. Save the money you make so you can make the move to a larger city where more roles are available and movies are frequently made.\\nConsider moving to Los Angeles, Austin, New York, or Atlanta if you’re in the United States. Try Vancouver, Toronto, London, or Mumbai for film outside of the US.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look for roles in commercials when you begin.\", \"描述\": \"Search for casting calls on websites like Backstage or Craigslist for local commercials. As you go in for the audition, dress for the part you’re playing so the casting directors can easily picture you in the role.\\nCommercial acting is a smaller role, but it will give you exposure to a wide audience and get your face out to the public.\\nLook out for posts on Craigslist that seem too good to be true since they could possibly be scams. Watch for off-site emails or jobs that seem to be paying too high with no needed experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Become an \\\"extra\\\" actor in larger pictures.\", \"描述\": \"Once you're where you need to be, get connected and take on roles as an extra, or background actor. Open casting calls for these can be found all over the Internet, but a few places to start off are Backstage, Hollywood Reporter and Variety.\\nThough it may not be a starring role, you can still list an extra role on your resume to show you have experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get an agent.\", \"描述\": \"Ask around your network for opinions on who to go to and how to get started. Make cold-calls or send inquiry letters to agencies to see if they are looking for new talent to represent. An agent will help you negotiate deals for the roles you take on.\\nAgents only get paid when they find you work. Don't buy into the ones that demand some exorbitant fee even if your schedule stays wide open.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get into a performer's union.\", \"描述\": \"Look into organizations like ACTRA, AEA, AGMA or AGVA. Once you are a member for at least 1 year and worked under union, you’re eligible to get into SAG (the Screen Actor's Guild). Unions provide you with benefits and insurances while you’re working.\\nAnnual SAG fees are $201.96 USD and 1.575% of the earnings you make in that year. Check with the union you’re interested in to see what their annual rates are.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Consider getting your equity card if you want to do theatre.\", \"描述\": \"Though it's completely possible to run through all the hoops without it and still find success, having your equity card opens up a number of auditions that otherwise wouldn't be available to you. You either have to get a contract that requires equity standing, be a member of a sister group (like SAG, for example), or accumulate enough credits to meet the standard.\\nIt's natural to find the process a bit confusing, so contact a friend or mainstay in your actor's social network for more information on how they received their card.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Perfect your ability to perform skills such as skiing, surfing, and skating. The more you can do, the more marketable you will be as an actor.\\n\", \"Do NOT get tattoos, especially in conspicuous areas.\\n\", \"Every day act like someone or something you aren't for practice.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Acting is an extraordinarily competitive field, and you may never be as famous as you want to be. Be realistic but, at the same time, ambitious.\\n\", \"There may be moments where you won’t find a job and will need to pinch pennies to make it by. Pick up a second job and let them know you’re an actor in case you do land a role.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,903 |
How to Become an Actress With No Experience
|
1. Getting into the Acting Industry
1-1. Go to auditions.
What new actors need more than anything is experience. You'll probably have to start off by doing free work, but you'll gain experience and be able to add each role to your resume. For example, if a local car dealership needs a commercial, volunteer to be in it. Go to local colleges and audition for their plays or student films. Doing these free projects will build your resume and get you into the habit of auditioning and performing. There is no better way to learn how to act than to actually act.
Actors typically go on hundreds of auditions and only get called back for a few. When you're new to acting, the auditions can be bigger learning experiences than actually getting cast for the role. Embrace the learning experience of each audition and ask for feedback from the casting directors.
For auditions, you should have two rock-solid, contrasting monologues that aren't frequently performed. This means steering clear of monologues that pop up when you Google "best monologues."
Look online for casting calls. There are a few reputable casting websites for TV, film, commercials, etc – backstage.com and projectcasting.com to name a few. There are also theater auditions on backstage.com.
Look on your local theater websites for casting calls as well as Craigslist.
1-2. Say yes to almost every role.
As a new actor, it's important that you get experience, take on diverse roles, and build your resume. Even if a certain character is different from the roles you typically play, accepting the role will add range to your resume. This will show casting directors that you are versatile, easy to work with, and excited about being involved in different types of projects.
If you are cast for a role that completely goes against your morals or values, then you don't have to take it. It is perfectly okay to turn down roles that make you feel uncomfortable.
As your career progresses and your resume begins to come together, you can start to be more picky with the roles you play and the jobs you accept. Until then, get as much work as possible!
1-3. Learn some special skills.
If you're an actor with no experience, auditioning against seasoned professionals can be challenging and intimidating. This is where special skills can come in handy. Developing skills such as horseback riding, speaking multiple languages, playing tennis, or singing could end up winning you a role over another actor. You never know when a character will come along that requires one of your special skills, so work hard on developing new skills all of the time.
1-4. Audition for commercials.
Whether or not your dream is to be in commercials, auditioning and acting in commercials will give you great experience working with cameras and on sets. This will serve as great practice for bigger roles in your future.
1-5. Become a film extra.
Becoming an extra in a film is a great way to dive into the acting world and make a little money. Struggling as an up and coming actor can be frustrating, especially financially, so be on the lookout for casting calls for film extras. You'll be able to meet people in the industry and have a movie on your resume.
Many extra roles are posted in casting calls online, but you can also contact agencies who specialize in casting extra roles. You'll need to provide them with your headshot and resume. You can contact these agencies by phone, email, or visiting in person. Look up the local casting agencies in your city.
2. Studying Acting
2-1. Take acting classes.
If you want to start acting, start by asking yourself a simple question. Is acting a hobby or a career? It is easier to start when you know where you want to go. (You don't need an entire plan, just an overall idea). Decide what type of acting you'd like to study first – theater, musicals, improv, television, film, etc. – and research teachers and classes in your area.
Commit yourself to that class for at least six months, give yourself a chance to warm up to it. If you love it, then continue. After you've completed your first class, it's recommended to take classes in other areas to see if you are interested in another type of acting.
2-2. Go to plays and watch films.
Although you should take classes and get real-life experience, you can also learn a great deal about acting by simply curling up on the couch for movie night! Study your favorite films to learn about important acting techniques – such as character development, physicality, diction, and reacting – from your favorite on-screen actors and actresses. Going to plays is another great way to study stage actors and actresses. Absorb everything you see!
If you want to be in film or commercials, these are the acting methods you should study. Pick your favorite commercials or movie scenes and try to reenact them.
If you want to get involved with theater or musicals, then study plays and musicals. Observe what the actors do right and what they can improve upon. Apply what you learn while watching them to your own acting.
2-3. Become friends with other actors.
Acting is more of a community sport than a solo hobby, so get comfortable working with others. Many actors love running lines, talking about their creative process, and sharing stories. Make a few actor friends and learn from them. They may even be able to give you a few pointers or point you to some auditions.
2-4. Don't move to a major market right away.
Being an actor in a major city like LA or New York City is hard enough for performers with decades of training and experience. If you're an actor with no experience, it's best to start off in your hometown. Nearly every town has a local theater company, and local theater companies are the perfect place to start. You can also try working with student or local filmmakers if you're more interested in movies and television.
If your hometown happens to be a major city, that's fine! Focus your auditions in the community theater scene or the independent film scene. There are still small community theaters in big cities that will allow you to get some great experience.
If you've decided you want to become a serious actor, moving to a major city would be the smart move for you to get the best training. Wait to make this move until you've decided you want to take acting to the next step.
Make sure you ask yourself why you are willing to commit fully to being actor, and what you are willing to sacrifice over how long a period of time to get there.
2-5. Volunteer at a local theater company.
Local community theatres are always looking for volunteers to help with props, sets, costumes, etc. Being a volunteer will allow you to study actors in rehearsal, will help get you familiar with the acting world, and will introduce you to people in the industry.
Next time the company holds auditions, do a monologue! You already know everyone in the room, so it's the perfect place to start auditioning. They'll most likely give you some good feedback as well.
3. Marketing Yourself
3-1. Get headshots taken.
Headshots are professional photos that every actor should have. Headshots should be included with your audition application along with your resume. Get a few headshots taken so that you have a variety to use for different auditions. Keep them professional, but don't be afraid to show a little personality.
Headshots are needed for any type of acting; film, commercials, plays, musicals, etc.
While it may be tempting to just have a friend take your headshot, anything more competitive than small commercial work will require something professional. A headshot is a critical part of your portfolio, and essentially functions as your calling card early in your career.
3-2. Create a resume.
A resume is a document that lists your acting experience, education, and previous work. Make sure your resume looks professional, as you'll use it for auditions with directors, producers, agents, managers, etc. Filling your resume as a new actor can be difficult, which is why it's important to go on plenty of auditions, try to become a movie extra, or volunteer at a local community theatre. All of these things will make for great additions to your resume.
Creating an online portfolio/resume is also important. As technology develops, some directors prefer to look at your credentials online as opposed to a printed resume. Fill out portfolios on multiple casting websites, you never know who may come across your resume.
3-3. Put together a video reel of your acting experience.
A reel is typically a 2-3 minute long video that highlights the best work that you've done in your acting career. It's important to get footage of every acting role you land so that you can add it to your reel. Your reel is a great way to show your acting skills, versatility, and level of experience.
You should have your reel available online and in hard copies.
Hire a professional to make your reel for you. It's an important marketing tool, so your reel should look polished.
Update your reel every time you get new footage. You want your reel to be the best possible representation of you, so keep it updated.
3-4. Identify your type.
Although it's admirable to have range as an actor, it's still important to identify your "type." We are all born with a certain look, and there's no denying what you actually look like. It’s up to actors to identify that look, harness it, and use it to your advantage. For example, are you the smart, clean-cut young lawyer, or the early thirties slacker guy? Are you the popular girl or the art nerd? Knowing your type can help guide you to certain auditions and can help you to develop your character strengths.
You can still play roles outside of your type, but knowing and mastering your type is a great way to break into the industry.
3-5. Network with people in the industry.
It is often said, "It's not what you know, it's who you know." This reigns true in the world of acting. Become friends with other actors and industry professionals – get people familiar with you. Network with casting directors, managers, talent agents, makeup artists, etc. You never know who you're going to meet or if they'll be able to help you with your career.
As a new actor, you don't need a talent agent or manager right away. Talent agents and managers are beneficial once you have a good amount of experience under your belt and a fairly impressive resume. Network with different talent agents and stay in touch with them as you build your resume – if they're impressed by you, they may be interested in working with you down the line.
3-6. Get an agent.
When you decide it's time to get an agent, do some research online about different agents and agencies. Find a few who you think would be a good fit for you, and submit your headshots and resume with a cover letter explaining that you're looking for a new agent. It can be hard to secure an agent, but if you work on networking and building your resume, it will be a bit easier.
Ask your actor friends, teachers, or anyone else you know in the industry for some recommendations of good agents. If they have any personal connections with good agents, ask them if they'd be able to refer you to them.
Agents get tons of headshots and resumes sent to them daily, so don't be upset if you don't hear back. You should submit yourself to many different agents or agencies, as this will increase your chances of getting a response.
If no agents get back to you, consider revamping your resume and getting new headshots taken.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:08",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting into the Acting Industry\\n1-1. Go to auditions.\\nWhat new actors need more than anything is experience. You'll probably have to start off by doing free work, but you'll gain experience and be able to add each role to your resume. For example, if a local car dealership needs a commercial, volunteer to be in it. Go to local colleges and audition for their plays or student films. Doing these free projects will build your resume and get you into the habit of auditioning and performing. There is no better way to learn how to act than to actually act.\\nActors typically go on hundreds of auditions and only get called back for a few. When you're new to acting, the auditions can be bigger learning experiences than actually getting cast for the role. Embrace the learning experience of each audition and ask for feedback from the casting directors.\\nFor auditions, you should have two rock-solid, contrasting monologues that aren't frequently performed. This means steering clear of monologues that pop up when you Google \\\"best monologues.\\\"\\nLook online for casting calls. There are a few reputable casting websites for TV, film, commercials, etc – backstage.com and projectcasting.com to name a few. There are also theater auditions on backstage.com.\\nLook on your local theater websites for casting calls as well as Craigslist.\\n1-2. Say yes to almost every role.\\nAs a new actor, it's important that you get experience, take on diverse roles, and build your resume. Even if a certain character is different from the roles you typically play, accepting the role will add range to your resume. This will show casting directors that you are versatile, easy to work with, and excited about being involved in different types of projects.\\nIf you are cast for a role that completely goes against your morals or values, then you don't have to take it. It is perfectly okay to turn down roles that make you feel uncomfortable.\\nAs your career progresses and your resume begins to come together, you can start to be more picky with the roles you play and the jobs you accept. Until then, get as much work as possible!\\n1-3. Learn some special skills.\\nIf you're an actor with no experience, auditioning against seasoned professionals can be challenging and intimidating. This is where special skills can come in handy. Developing skills such as horseback riding, speaking multiple languages, playing tennis, or singing could end up winning you a role over another actor. You never know when a character will come along that requires one of your special skills, so work hard on developing new skills all of the time.\\n1-4. Audition for commercials.\\nWhether or not your dream is to be in commercials, auditioning and acting in commercials will give you great experience working with cameras and on sets. This will serve as great practice for bigger roles in your future.\\n1-5. Become a film extra.\\nBecoming an extra in a film is a great way to dive into the acting world and make a little money. Struggling as an up and coming actor can be frustrating, especially financially, so be on the lookout for casting calls for film extras. You'll be able to meet people in the industry and have a movie on your resume.\\nMany extra roles are posted in casting calls online, but you can also contact agencies who specialize in casting extra roles. You'll need to provide them with your headshot and resume. You can contact these agencies by phone, email, or visiting in person. Look up the local casting agencies in your city.\\n2. Studying Acting\\n2-1. Take acting classes.\\nIf you want to start acting, start by asking yourself a simple question. Is acting a hobby or a career? It is easier to start when you know where you want to go. (You don't need an entire plan, just an overall idea). Decide what type of acting you'd like to study first – theater, musicals, improv, television, film, etc. – and research teachers and classes in your area.\\nCommit yourself to that class for at least six months, give yourself a chance to warm up to it. If you love it, then continue. After you've completed your first class, it's recommended to take classes in other areas to see if you are interested in another type of acting.\\n2-2. Go to plays and watch films.\\nAlthough you should take classes and get real-life experience, you can also learn a great deal about acting by simply curling up on the couch for movie night! Study your favorite films to learn about important acting techniques – such as character development, physicality, diction, and reacting – from your favorite on-screen actors and actresses. Going to plays is another great way to study stage actors and actresses. Absorb everything you see!\\nIf you want to be in film or commercials, these are the acting methods you should study. Pick your favorite commercials or movie scenes and try to reenact them.\\nIf you want to get involved with theater or musicals, then study plays and musicals. Observe what the actors do right and what they can improve upon. Apply what you learn while watching them to your own acting.\\n2-3. Become friends with other actors.\\nActing is more of a community sport than a solo hobby, so get comfortable working with others. Many actors love running lines, talking about their creative process, and sharing stories. Make a few actor friends and learn from them. They may even be able to give you a few pointers or point you to some auditions.\\n2-4. Don't move to a major market right away.\\nBeing an actor in a major city like LA or New York City is hard enough for performers with decades of training and experience. If you're an actor with no experience, it's best to start off in your hometown. Nearly every town has a local theater company, and local theater companies are the perfect place to start. You can also try working with student or local filmmakers if you're more interested in movies and television.\\nIf your hometown happens to be a major city, that's fine! Focus your auditions in the community theater scene or the independent film scene. There are still small community theaters in big cities that will allow you to get some great experience.\\nIf you've decided you want to become a serious actor, moving to a major city would be the smart move for you to get the best training. Wait to make this move until you've decided you want to take acting to the next step.\\nMake sure you ask yourself why you are willing to commit fully to being actor, and what you are willing to sacrifice over how long a period of time to get there.\\n2-5. Volunteer at a local theater company.\\nLocal community theatres are always looking for volunteers to help with props, sets, costumes, etc. Being a volunteer will allow you to study actors in rehearsal, will help get you familiar with the acting world, and will introduce you to people in the industry.\\nNext time the company holds auditions, do a monologue! You already know everyone in the room, so it's the perfect place to start auditioning. They'll most likely give you some good feedback as well.\\n3. Marketing Yourself\\n3-1. Get headshots taken.\\nHeadshots are professional photos that every actor should have. Headshots should be included with your audition application along with your resume. Get a few headshots taken so that you have a variety to use for different auditions. Keep them professional, but don't be afraid to show a little personality.\\nHeadshots are needed for any type of acting; film, commercials, plays, musicals, etc.\\nWhile it may be tempting to just have a friend take your headshot, anything more competitive than small commercial work will require something professional. A headshot is a critical part of your portfolio, and essentially functions as your calling card early in your career.\\n3-2. Create a resume.\\nA resume is a document that lists your acting experience, education, and previous work. Make sure your resume looks professional, as you'll use it for auditions with directors, producers, agents, managers, etc. Filling your resume as a new actor can be difficult, which is why it's important to go on plenty of auditions, try to become a movie extra, or volunteer at a local community theatre. All of these things will make for great additions to your resume.\\nCreating an online portfolio/resume is also important. As technology develops, some directors prefer to look at your credentials online as opposed to a printed resume. Fill out portfolios on multiple casting websites, you never know who may come across your resume.\\n3-3. Put together a video reel of your acting experience.\\nA reel is typically a 2-3 minute long video that highlights the best work that you've done in your acting career. It's important to get footage of every acting role you land so that you can add it to your reel. Your reel is a great way to show your acting skills, versatility, and level of experience.\\nYou should have your reel available online and in hard copies.\\nHire a professional to make your reel for you. It's an important marketing tool, so your reel should look polished.\\nUpdate your reel every time you get new footage. You want your reel to be the best possible representation of you, so keep it updated.\\n3-4. Identify your type.\\nAlthough it's admirable to have range as an actor, it's still important to identify your \\\"type.\\\" We are all born with a certain look, and there's no denying what you actually look like. It’s up to actors to identify that look, harness it, and use it to your advantage. For example, are you the smart, clean-cut young lawyer, or the early thirties slacker guy? Are you the popular girl or the art nerd? Knowing your type can help guide you to certain auditions and can help you to develop your character strengths.\\nYou can still play roles outside of your type, but knowing and mastering your type is a great way to break into the industry.\\n3-5. Network with people in the industry.\\nIt is often said, \\\"It's not what you know, it's who you know.\\\" This reigns true in the world of acting. Become friends with other actors and industry professionals – get people familiar with you. Network with casting directors, managers, talent agents, makeup artists, etc. You never know who you're going to meet or if they'll be able to help you with your career.\\nAs a new actor, you don't need a talent agent or manager right away. Talent agents and managers are beneficial once you have a good amount of experience under your belt and a fairly impressive resume. Network with different talent agents and stay in touch with them as you build your resume – if they're impressed by you, they may be interested in working with you down the line.\\n3-6. Get an agent.\\nWhen you decide it's time to get an agent, do some research online about different agents and agencies. Find a few who you think would be a good fit for you, and submit your headshots and resume with a cover letter explaining that you're looking for a new agent. It can be hard to secure an agent, but if you work on networking and building your resume, it will be a bit easier.\\nAsk your actor friends, teachers, or anyone else you know in the industry for some recommendations of good agents. If they have any personal connections with good agents, ask them if they'd be able to refer you to them.\\nAgents get tons of headshots and resumes sent to them daily, so don't be upset if you don't hear back. You should submit yourself to many different agents or agencies, as this will increase your chances of getting a response.\\nIf no agents get back to you, consider revamping your resume and getting new headshots taken.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Every actor or actress has to start somewhere – and you can start right now! Whether you're interested in film, theater, or television, breaking into acting can be both exhilarating and challenging. If you're willing to learn, put in hard work, and be dedicated to your craft, your acting career will be on its way in no time.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting into the Acting Industry\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Go to auditions.\", \"描述\": \"What new actors need more than anything is experience. You'll probably have to start off by doing free work, but you'll gain experience and be able to add each role to your resume. For example, if a local car dealership needs a commercial, volunteer to be in it. Go to local colleges and audition for their plays or student films. Doing these free projects will build your resume and get you into the habit of auditioning and performing. There is no better way to learn how to act than to actually act.\\nActors typically go on hundreds of auditions and only get called back for a few. When you're new to acting, the auditions can be bigger learning experiences than actually getting cast for the role. Embrace the learning experience of each audition and ask for feedback from the casting directors.\\nFor auditions, you should have two rock-solid, contrasting monologues that aren't frequently performed. This means steering clear of monologues that pop up when you Google \\\"best monologues.\\\"\\nLook online for casting calls. There are a few reputable casting websites for TV, film, commercials, etc – backstage.com and projectcasting.com to name a few. There are also theater auditions on backstage.com.\\nLook on your local theater websites for casting calls as well as Craigslist.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Say yes to almost every role.\", \"描述\": \"As a new actor, it's important that you get experience, take on diverse roles, and build your resume. Even if a certain character is different from the roles you typically play, accepting the role will add range to your resume. This will show casting directors that you are versatile, easy to work with, and excited about being involved in different types of projects.\\nIf you are cast for a role that completely goes against your morals or values, then you don't have to take it. It is perfectly okay to turn down roles that make you feel uncomfortable.\\nAs your career progresses and your resume begins to come together, you can start to be more picky with the roles you play and the jobs you accept. Until then, get as much work as possible!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn some special skills.\", \"描述\": \"If you're an actor with no experience, auditioning against seasoned professionals can be challenging and intimidating. This is where special skills can come in handy. Developing skills such as horseback riding, speaking multiple languages, playing tennis, or singing could end up winning you a role over another actor. You never know when a character will come along that requires one of your special skills, so work hard on developing new skills all of the time.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Audition for commercials.\", \"描述\": \"Whether or not your dream is to be in commercials, auditioning and acting in commercials will give you great experience working with cameras and on sets. This will serve as great practice for bigger roles in your future.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Become a film extra.\", \"描述\": \"Becoming an extra in a film is a great way to dive into the acting world and make a little money. Struggling as an up and coming actor can be frustrating, especially financially, so be on the lookout for casting calls for film extras. You'll be able to meet people in the industry and have a movie on your resume.\\nMany extra roles are posted in casting calls online, but you can also contact agencies who specialize in casting extra roles. You'll need to provide them with your headshot and resume. You can contact these agencies by phone, email, or visiting in person. Look up the local casting agencies in your city.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Studying Acting\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take acting classes.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to start acting, start by asking yourself a simple question. Is acting a hobby or a career? It is easier to start when you know where you want to go. (You don't need an entire plan, just an overall idea). Decide what type of acting you'd like to study first – theater, musicals, improv, television, film, etc. – and research teachers and classes in your area.\\nCommit yourself to that class for at least six months, give yourself a chance to warm up to it. If you love it, then continue. After you've completed your first class, it's recommended to take classes in other areas to see if you are interested in another type of acting.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go to plays and watch films.\", \"描述\": \"Although you should take classes and get real-life experience, you can also learn a great deal about acting by simply curling up on the couch for movie night! Study your favorite films to learn about important acting techniques – such as character development, physicality, diction, and reacting – from your favorite on-screen actors and actresses. Going to plays is another great way to study stage actors and actresses. Absorb everything you see!\\nIf you want to be in film or commercials, these are the acting methods you should study. Pick your favorite commercials or movie scenes and try to reenact them.\\nIf you want to get involved with theater or musicals, then study plays and musicals. Observe what the actors do right and what they can improve upon. Apply what you learn while watching them to your own acting.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Become friends with other actors.\", \"描述\": \"Acting is more of a community sport than a solo hobby, so get comfortable working with others. Many actors love running lines, talking about their creative process, and sharing stories. Make a few actor friends and learn from them. They may even be able to give you a few pointers or point you to some auditions.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don't move to a major market right away.\", \"描述\": \"Being an actor in a major city like LA or New York City is hard enough for performers with decades of training and experience. If you're an actor with no experience, it's best to start off in your hometown. Nearly every town has a local theater company, and local theater companies are the perfect place to start. You can also try working with student or local filmmakers if you're more interested in movies and television.\\nIf your hometown happens to be a major city, that's fine! Focus your auditions in the community theater scene or the independent film scene. There are still small community theaters in big cities that will allow you to get some great experience.\\nIf you've decided you want to become a serious actor, moving to a major city would be the smart move for you to get the best training. Wait to make this move until you've decided you want to take acting to the next step.\\nMake sure you ask yourself why you are willing to commit fully to being actor, and what you are willing to sacrifice over how long a period of time to get there.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Volunteer at a local theater company.\", \"描述\": \"Local community theatres are always looking for volunteers to help with props, sets, costumes, etc. Being a volunteer will allow you to study actors in rehearsal, will help get you familiar with the acting world, and will introduce you to people in the industry.\\nNext time the company holds auditions, do a monologue! You already know everyone in the room, so it's the perfect place to start auditioning. They'll most likely give you some good feedback as well.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Marketing Yourself\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get headshots taken.\", \"描述\": \"Headshots are professional photos that every actor should have. Headshots should be included with your audition application along with your resume. Get a few headshots taken so that you have a variety to use for different auditions. Keep them professional, but don't be afraid to show a little personality.\\nHeadshots are needed for any type of acting; film, commercials, plays, musicals, etc.\\nWhile it may be tempting to just have a friend take your headshot, anything more competitive than small commercial work will require something professional. A headshot is a critical part of your portfolio, and essentially functions as your calling card early in your career.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Create a resume.\", \"描述\": \"A resume is a document that lists your acting experience, education, and previous work. Make sure your resume looks professional, as you'll use it for auditions with directors, producers, agents, managers, etc. Filling your resume as a new actor can be difficult, which is why it's important to go on plenty of auditions, try to become a movie extra, or volunteer at a local community theatre. All of these things will make for great additions to your resume.\\nCreating an online portfolio/resume is also important. As technology develops, some directors prefer to look at your credentials online as opposed to a printed resume. Fill out portfolios on multiple casting websites, you never know who may come across your resume.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Put together a video reel of your acting experience.\", \"描述\": \"A reel is typically a 2-3 minute long video that highlights the best work that you've done in your acting career. It's important to get footage of every acting role you land so that you can add it to your reel. Your reel is a great way to show your acting skills, versatility, and level of experience.\\nYou should have your reel available online and in hard copies.\\nHire a professional to make your reel for you. It's an important marketing tool, so your reel should look polished.\\nUpdate your reel every time you get new footage. You want your reel to be the best possible representation of you, so keep it updated.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Identify your type.\", \"描述\": \"Although it's admirable to have range as an actor, it's still important to identify your \\\"type.\\\" We are all born with a certain look, and there's no denying what you actually look like. It’s up to actors to identify that look, harness it, and use it to your advantage. For example, are you the smart, clean-cut young lawyer, or the early thirties slacker guy? Are you the popular girl or the art nerd? Knowing your type can help guide you to certain auditions and can help you to develop your character strengths.\\nYou can still play roles outside of your type, but knowing and mastering your type is a great way to break into the industry.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Network with people in the industry.\", \"描述\": \"It is often said, \\\"It's not what you know, it's who you know.\\\" This reigns true in the world of acting. Become friends with other actors and industry professionals – get people familiar with you. Network with casting directors, managers, talent agents, makeup artists, etc. You never know who you're going to meet or if they'll be able to help you with your career.\\nAs a new actor, you don't need a talent agent or manager right away. Talent agents and managers are beneficial once you have a good amount of experience under your belt and a fairly impressive resume. Network with different talent agents and stay in touch with them as you build your resume – if they're impressed by you, they may be interested in working with you down the line.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Get an agent.\", \"描述\": \"When you decide it's time to get an agent, do some research online about different agents and agencies. Find a few who you think would be a good fit for you, and submit your headshots and resume with a cover letter explaining that you're looking for a new agent. It can be hard to secure an agent, but if you work on networking and building your resume, it will be a bit easier.\\nAsk your actor friends, teachers, or anyone else you know in the industry for some recommendations of good agents. If they have any personal connections with good agents, ask them if they'd be able to refer you to them.\\nAgents get tons of headshots and resumes sent to them daily, so don't be upset if you don't hear back. You should submit yourself to many different agents or agencies, as this will increase your chances of getting a response.\\nIf no agents get back to you, consider revamping your resume and getting new headshots taken.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,904 |
How to Become an Actress in New York
|
1. Steps
1-1. Decide what type of actress you would like to become.
You might have a passion for stage acting or a desire to work strictly in television or film. Comedy might be your area of strength or you might excel in dramatic expression.
1-2. Study acting in a theater program or independently with a drama coach.
Enroll in a theater program. New York has many reputable drama schools that offer high-quality training for actors. Some are undergraduate programs requiring study of general education courses in addition to theater classes. Other programs are strictly theater schools, focusing on the art of acting.
Find a drama coach. If you prefer one-on-one or small group instruction, study with a drama coach. Choose a coach who has trained and guided other actresses through successful acting careers.
1-3. Create an acting resume.
An acting resume is typically 1 page in length and lists your acting qualifications.
Provide your name and contact information at the top. Your full name, phone number, address and email address are required information.
Include a physical description. Acting resumes require your height, weight, eye color and hair color. This information is necessary for directors who must fill specific roles.
Indicate your acting training. If you have a degree in theater or have taken classes with specific instructors, include that information. If you have studied with a reputable theater school or acting coach, mentioning the name might attract positive attention.
List your acting experience. This is typically several columns of information with headings like "Production Name," "Role" and "Date."
Provide a website URL. If you have an actor's website, include the Web address so that directors and casting agents can view pictures or clips of your past work.
1-4. Get a headshot.
This is a professionally produced 8-inch by 10-inch (20.3-cm by 25.4-cm) image taken from the neck up.
1-5. Find an acting agent.
New York City has many acting agencies with close connections to directors and production houses. Research various agencies to select one that has contacts in your preferred acting genre. Agents usually require a resume, headshot and clips of past work.
1-6. Show up for auditions.
A high-quality agent will send you notices of auditions for acting jobs that are a promising fit. Auditions also can be found in acting trade magazines, online acting resources and job search sites.
Prepare for the audition. Familiarize yourself with dress requirements and what to expect by asking your agent or reading the details of the audition posting.
Rehearse your lines. Always show up prepared for the audition. The more prepared you are, the greater the chances of feeling relaxed and performing your best.
Bring music, if necessary. If auditioning for a musical, you might be asked to sing a song. Be prepared with recorded music or sheet music, if an on-site musician will be provided.
1-7. Join an actor's union.
The Taft-Hartley Act, named after its original sponsors, is the acting industry's informal term for labor union requirements. You earn Taft-Hartley status by speaking a line in a film or television show. This entitles you to membership with the Screen Actors Guild, which offers union regulation over actors' work conditions, benefits and monetary compensation.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:08",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Decide what type of actress you would like to become.\\nYou might have a passion for stage acting or a desire to work strictly in television or film. Comedy might be your area of strength or you might excel in dramatic expression.\\n1-2. Study acting in a theater program or independently with a drama coach.\\nEnroll in a theater program. New York has many reputable drama schools that offer high-quality training for actors. Some are undergraduate programs requiring study of general education courses in addition to theater classes. Other programs are strictly theater schools, focusing on the art of acting.\\nFind a drama coach. If you prefer one-on-one or small group instruction, study with a drama coach. Choose a coach who has trained and guided other actresses through successful acting careers.\\n1-3. Create an acting resume.\\nAn acting resume is typically 1 page in length and lists your acting qualifications.\\nProvide your name and contact information at the top. Your full name, phone number, address and email address are required information.\\nInclude a physical description. Acting resumes require your height, weight, eye color and hair color. This information is necessary for directors who must fill specific roles.\\nIndicate your acting training. If you have a degree in theater or have taken classes with specific instructors, include that information. If you have studied with a reputable theater school or acting coach, mentioning the name might attract positive attention.\\nList your acting experience. This is typically several columns of information with headings like \\\"Production Name,\\\" \\\"Role\\\" and \\\"Date.\\\"\\nProvide a website URL. If you have an actor's website, include the Web address so that directors and casting agents can view pictures or clips of your past work.\\n1-4. Get a headshot.\\nThis is a professionally produced 8-inch by 10-inch (20.3-cm by 25.4-cm) image taken from the neck up.\\n1-5. Find an acting agent.\\nNew York City has many acting agencies with close connections to directors and production houses. Research various agencies to select one that has contacts in your preferred acting genre. Agents usually require a resume, headshot and clips of past work.\\n1-6. Show up for auditions.\\nA high-quality agent will send you notices of auditions for acting jobs that are a promising fit. Auditions also can be found in acting trade magazines, online acting resources and job search sites.\\nPrepare for the audition. Familiarize yourself with dress requirements and what to expect by asking your agent or reading the details of the audition posting.\\nRehearse your lines. Always show up prepared for the audition. The more prepared you are, the greater the chances of feeling relaxed and performing your best.\\nBring music, if necessary. If auditioning for a musical, you might be asked to sing a song. Be prepared with recorded music or sheet music, if an on-site musician will be provided.\\n1-7. Join an actor's union.\\nThe Taft-Hartley Act, named after its original sponsors, is the acting industry's informal term for labor union requirements. You earn Taft-Hartley status by speaking a line in a film or television show. This entitles you to membership with the Screen Actors Guild, which offers union regulation over actors' work conditions, benefits and monetary compensation.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Acting opportunities in New York include Broadway musicals, off-Broadway productions, film, television, commercials, soap operas and experimental theater. Becoming a working actress involves developing acting skills, writing an acting resume, acquiring an agent and going on auditions. The following are the steps involved in becoming an actress in New York.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Decide what type of actress you would like to become.\", \"描述\": \"You might have a passion for stage acting or a desire to work strictly in television or film. Comedy might be your area of strength or you might excel in dramatic expression.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Study acting in a theater program or independently with a drama coach.\", \"描述\": \"Enroll in a theater program. New York has many reputable drama schools that offer high-quality training for actors. Some are undergraduate programs requiring study of general education courses in addition to theater classes. Other programs are strictly theater schools, focusing on the art of acting.\\nFind a drama coach. If you prefer one-on-one or small group instruction, study with a drama coach. Choose a coach who has trained and guided other actresses through successful acting careers.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Create an acting resume.\", \"描述\": \"An acting resume is typically 1 page in length and lists your acting qualifications.\\nProvide your name and contact information at the top. Your full name, phone number, address and email address are required information.\\nInclude a physical description. Acting resumes require your height, weight, eye color and hair color. This information is necessary for directors who must fill specific roles.\\nIndicate your acting training. If you have a degree in theater or have taken classes with specific instructors, include that information. If you have studied with a reputable theater school or acting coach, mentioning the name might attract positive attention.\\nList your acting experience. This is typically several columns of information with headings like \\\"Production Name,\\\" \\\"Role\\\" and \\\"Date.\\\"\\nProvide a website URL. If you have an actor's website, include the Web address so that directors and casting agents can view pictures or clips of your past work.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get a headshot.\", \"描述\": \"This is a professionally produced 8-inch by 10-inch (20.3-cm by 25.4-cm) image taken from the neck up.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Find an acting agent.\", \"描述\": \"New York City has many acting agencies with close connections to directors and production houses. Research various agencies to select one that has contacts in your preferred acting genre. Agents usually require a resume, headshot and clips of past work.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Show up for auditions.\", \"描述\": \"A high-quality agent will send you notices of auditions for acting jobs that are a promising fit. Auditions also can be found in acting trade magazines, online acting resources and job search sites.\\nPrepare for the audition. Familiarize yourself with dress requirements and what to expect by asking your agent or reading the details of the audition posting.\\nRehearse your lines. Always show up prepared for the audition. The more prepared you are, the greater the chances of feeling relaxed and performing your best.\\nBring music, if necessary. If auditioning for a musical, you might be asked to sing a song. Be prepared with recorded music or sheet music, if an on-site musician will be provided.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Join an actor's union.\", \"描述\": \"The Taft-Hartley Act, named after its original sponsors, is the acting industry's informal term for labor union requirements. You earn Taft-Hartley status by speaking a line in a film or television show. This entitles you to membership with the Screen Actors Guild, which offers union regulation over actors' work conditions, benefits and monetary compensation.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,905 |
How to Become an Acupuncturist
|
1. Learning About Acupuncture
1-1. Make sure you have the skills to be an acupuncturist.
Not everyone can be an acupuncturist, as it requires several specific skills. You will need good hand-eye coordination, steady hands, strong communications skills, and a passion for working with people.
1-2. Choose your school of acupuncture.
As a traditional practice, there are a variety of different schools of thought regarding best practices, such as traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Five Element.
1-3. Talk to practicing acupuncturists.
Find out what they did to earn their certification, and why they went into the profession. They can also tell you about the difficulties you will encounter in trying to get started, as both a student and practitioner.
1-4. Get a command of the language spoken in your country.
If you want to work in the United States, then you'll have to demonstrate a command of the English language to work as an acupuncturist. You will have to know how to understand and communicate flawlessly with your patients and review clinical records.
When it comes to acupuncture, it is crucial to know exactly what to say to your patients and to understand when your patients are expressing discomfort or concern.
Depending on the school of acupuncture you follow, you may also need to learn the traditional language of that school. At the very least, you'll need to learn the Chinese medical terms that are used in acupuncture.
2. Getting Your License
2-1. Research the acupuncture licensing requirements in the state where you will work.
Certification requirements vary widely by state. Some states require you to earn a doctor of medicine degree, while others only necessitate hourly coursework with supervised training. These requirements will dictate the path you need to take to be an acupuncturist in your state.
Each state will also have rules regarding the "scope of practice," that is, what you are allowed to do once licensed in that state.
Individual states have different rules regarding certification reciprocity. If you want to practice acupuncture in two or more states, check with the individual states to determine what their rules are regarding the recognition of other state certifications.
If you're already a physician and would like to practice acupuncture, check out the American Board of Medical Acupuncture, which offers examinations and explains the standards for physicians who want to practice acupuncture.
2-2. Meet the educational requirements for a training program.
Most acupuncture training programs require students to have a bachelor's degree. Your degree can be in any subject, but you may want to take classes in fields such as physiology, anatomy, biology, and psychology. A bachelor's degree in a healthcare or alternative medicine related subject can also be helpful for a career as an acupuncturist.
While a bachelor's degree is ideal, some acupuncture schools only require two academic years of education at the baccalaureate level, or the equivalent, such as certification for a medical profession such as nursing.
The requirements vary by program and state, so look at the requirements for your state and program.
2-3. Attend an accredited acupuncture college.
Each college will have a different emphasis, but all will involve the study and practice of acupuncture, along with other aspects of Chinese herbal medicine. Most acupuncture programs take about 3 years to finish, and up to 4 years for a program in oriental medicine.
Schools are certified by the Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (ACAOM), which can help you find programs in your state.
2-4. Apply for certification.
The National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM) provides the general certification for the profession. You will need to fill out an application, available on their website, and pay a certification fee. Though this is a private organization, NCCAOM certification can pass for licensing in many states.
The application fee for Acupuncture Certification is currently $475. Different certifications granted by the NCCAOM have different fees, so be sure to check if you intend to get a different certification.
The application also requires official transcripts from your AOM program, so be sure to contact your school and tell them to send those in.
It is best to begin filling out the certification paperwork in the final year of your studies. It is best to check with your school for the best time to get that paperwork in. You don't want to delay certification, as the process takes some time, and it will be very hard (if not impossible) to get a job without it.
2-5. Pass the NCCAOM exam.
Once your application has been processed and approved by the organization and state board, you will be allowed to sign up to take the certification exam. This exam is required for licensure in most states. Once you pass this exam, you are board certified. In most states, you will be recognized as a licensed acupuncturist (L.Ac.). Some states will use the designation "Acupuncture Physician" or "Doctor of Oriental Medicine."
The NCCAOM's website provides study guides to help prepare for the exam.
You cannot take the exam without first having your application approved by the NCCAOM.
Some states will require additional exams for more certification. Check the list provided by the NCCAOM for the requirements in your state.
3. Succeeding in Your Career
3-1. Get a job as an acupuncturist.
Most beginner acupuncturists start out working with an established practice to gain experience and build up a client base. Acupuncturist jobs are typically easier to find in larger metropolitan areas than in small towns. You may have to start with an apprenticeship or an internship to gain more experience to make yourself a desirable candidate for an independent practice.
3-2. Develop meaningful relationships with your clients.
It's not easy to make a living as an acupuncturist, and if you want to survive in the business, then you have to remember that your clients are everything to you. You need to be polite, learn a little bit about them and remember the things they've told you on previous visits, to be friendly and approachable, and to make sure they feel comfortable coming to your office time after time.
After each visit, make sure your clients book a follow-up appointment right away. This will encourage them to keep coming.
Call up your clients the day before their appointments. This will greatly reduce the rate of no-shows and will show them you care.
You can also get referrals from your clients. Ask them if they have any friends who would be interested in your practice. This is a great way to get even more clients.
3-3. Continue your education.
If you want to succeed, you can't just stop with your license to be an acupuncturist. You should take night classes at a community college or pursue another master's degree in a relevant field such as Acupuncture Practice Management, Marketing, or Business Success Principles. Many practitioners get into trouble when they focus only on healing principles and techniques and don't think about the business end of things. If you really want to help your clients, then you have to gain skills to help you keep your business afloat.
Attending any continuing education courses can give you valuable experience, even if they aren't business-related. Just as in any field of medicine, acupuncture treatments are constantly evolving. Pursue continuing training to learn new strategies, improve your techniques and keep your skills current.
3-4. Maintain your certification.
Your certification from NCCAOM will need renewal every four years. You will need to fill out a form, and document your participation in Professional Development Activities (PDA). You will need a minimum of 60 points worth of PDA to qualify for recertification. You should mail your application materials to the NCCAOM at least 60 days before your certification is due to lapse. To prepare for recertification, read the handbook posted on the Council's website.
If you miss these deadlines, your status will be considered "Lapsed" or "Inactive," and require additional work to regain certification.
3-5. Consider starting your own business.
Once you've gained some experience, understood the business side of things, and have developed a client base, you should consider starting your own acupuncture business. With your knowledge, you can become a business owner and have your clients follow you to your new practice. The more connections you have in the field, the better.
If you know a few acupuncturists who would want to move to your business with you, you already have a leg up.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:09",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Learning About Acupuncture\\n1-1. Make sure you have the skills to be an acupuncturist.\\nNot everyone can be an acupuncturist, as it requires several specific skills. You will need good hand-eye coordination, steady hands, strong communications skills, and a passion for working with people.\\n1-2. Choose your school of acupuncture.\\nAs a traditional practice, there are a variety of different schools of thought regarding best practices, such as traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Five Element.\\n1-3. Talk to practicing acupuncturists.\\nFind out what they did to earn their certification, and why they went into the profession. They can also tell you about the difficulties you will encounter in trying to get started, as both a student and practitioner.\\n1-4. Get a command of the language spoken in your country.\\nIf you want to work in the United States, then you'll have to demonstrate a command of the English language to work as an acupuncturist. You will have to know how to understand and communicate flawlessly with your patients and review clinical records.\\nWhen it comes to acupuncture, it is crucial to know exactly what to say to your patients and to understand when your patients are expressing discomfort or concern.\\nDepending on the school of acupuncture you follow, you may also need to learn the traditional language of that school. At the very least, you'll need to learn the Chinese medical terms that are used in acupuncture.\\n2. Getting Your License\\n2-1. Research the acupuncture licensing requirements in the state where you will work.\\nCertification requirements vary widely by state. Some states require you to earn a doctor of medicine degree, while others only necessitate hourly coursework with supervised training. These requirements will dictate the path you need to take to be an acupuncturist in your state. \\nEach state will also have rules regarding the \\\"scope of practice,\\\" that is, what you are allowed to do once licensed in that state.\\nIndividual states have different rules regarding certification reciprocity. If you want to practice acupuncture in two or more states, check with the individual states to determine what their rules are regarding the recognition of other state certifications.\\nIf you're already a physician and would like to practice acupuncture, check out the American Board of Medical Acupuncture, which offers examinations and explains the standards for physicians who want to practice acupuncture.\\n2-2. Meet the educational requirements for a training program.\\nMost acupuncture training programs require students to have a bachelor's degree. Your degree can be in any subject, but you may want to take classes in fields such as physiology, anatomy, biology, and psychology. A bachelor's degree in a healthcare or alternative medicine related subject can also be helpful for a career as an acupuncturist. \\nWhile a bachelor's degree is ideal, some acupuncture schools only require two academic years of education at the baccalaureate level, or the equivalent, such as certification for a medical profession such as nursing.\\nThe requirements vary by program and state, so look at the requirements for your state and program.\\n2-3. Attend an accredited acupuncture college.\\nEach college will have a different emphasis, but all will involve the study and practice of acupuncture, along with other aspects of Chinese herbal medicine. Most acupuncture programs take about 3 years to finish, and up to 4 years for a program in oriental medicine. \\nSchools are certified by the Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (ACAOM), which can help you find programs in your state.\\n2-4. Apply for certification.\\nThe National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM) provides the general certification for the profession. You will need to fill out an application, available on their website, and pay a certification fee. Though this is a private organization, NCCAOM certification can pass for licensing in many states.\\nThe application fee for Acupuncture Certification is currently $475. Different certifications granted by the NCCAOM have different fees, so be sure to check if you intend to get a different certification.\\nThe application also requires official transcripts from your AOM program, so be sure to contact your school and tell them to send those in.\\nIt is best to begin filling out the certification paperwork in the final year of your studies. It is best to check with your school for the best time to get that paperwork in. You don't want to delay certification, as the process takes some time, and it will be very hard (if not impossible) to get a job without it.\\n2-5. Pass the NCCAOM exam.\\nOnce your application has been processed and approved by the organization and state board, you will be allowed to sign up to take the certification exam. This exam is required for licensure in most states. Once you pass this exam, you are board certified. In most states, you will be recognized as a licensed acupuncturist (L.Ac.). Some states will use the designation \\\"Acupuncture Physician\\\" or \\\"Doctor of Oriental Medicine.\\\"\\nThe NCCAOM's website provides study guides to help prepare for the exam.\\nYou cannot take the exam without first having your application approved by the NCCAOM.\\nSome states will require additional exams for more certification. Check the list provided by the NCCAOM for the requirements in your state.\\n3. Succeeding in Your Career\\n3-1. Get a job as an acupuncturist.\\nMost beginner acupuncturists start out working with an established practice to gain experience and build up a client base. Acupuncturist jobs are typically easier to find in larger metropolitan areas than in small towns. You may have to start with an apprenticeship or an internship to gain more experience to make yourself a desirable candidate for an independent practice.\\n3-2. Develop meaningful relationships with your clients.\\nIt's not easy to make a living as an acupuncturist, and if you want to survive in the business, then you have to remember that your clients are everything to you. You need to be polite, learn a little bit about them and remember the things they've told you on previous visits, to be friendly and approachable, and to make sure they feel comfortable coming to your office time after time.\\nAfter each visit, make sure your clients book a follow-up appointment right away. This will encourage them to keep coming.\\nCall up your clients the day before their appointments. This will greatly reduce the rate of no-shows and will show them you care.\\nYou can also get referrals from your clients. Ask them if they have any friends who would be interested in your practice. This is a great way to get even more clients.\\n3-3. Continue your education.\\nIf you want to succeed, you can't just stop with your license to be an acupuncturist. You should take night classes at a community college or pursue another master's degree in a relevant field such as Acupuncture Practice Management, Marketing, or Business Success Principles. Many practitioners get into trouble when they focus only on healing principles and techniques and don't think about the business end of things. If you really want to help your clients, then you have to gain skills to help you keep your business afloat.\\nAttending any continuing education courses can give you valuable experience, even if they aren't business-related. Just as in any field of medicine, acupuncture treatments are constantly evolving. Pursue continuing training to learn new strategies, improve your techniques and keep your skills current.\\n3-4. Maintain your certification.\\nYour certification from NCCAOM will need renewal every four years. You will need to fill out a form, and document your participation in Professional Development Activities (PDA). You will need a minimum of 60 points worth of PDA to qualify for recertification. You should mail your application materials to the NCCAOM at least 60 days before your certification is due to lapse. To prepare for recertification, read the handbook posted on the Council's website.\\nIf you miss these deadlines, your status will be considered \\\"Lapsed\\\" or \\\"Inactive,\\\" and require additional work to regain certification.\\n3-5. Consider starting your own business.\\nOnce you've gained some experience, understood the business side of things, and have developed a client base, you should consider starting your own acupuncture business. With your knowledge, you can become a business owner and have your clients follow you to your new practice. The more connections you have in the field, the better.\\nIf you know a few acupuncturists who would want to move to your business with you, you already have a leg up.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Acupuncturists, and other practitioners of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (AOM), use traditional Chinese medical practices to treat pain. They insert thin needles along the body's meridians, or energy vessels, to relieve tension, release energy, and stimulate the body. Acupuncturists may help treat patients suffering from arthritis, headaches, asthma, lethargy, stress, carpal tunnel syndrome, menstrual discomfort, or addiction. According the American Academy of Medical Acupuncture, requirements for acupuncturist licensure vary by state, so you must look up the regulations where you live to become certified as an acupuncturist.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learning About Acupuncture\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure you have the skills to be an acupuncturist.\", \"描述\": \"Not everyone can be an acupuncturist, as it requires several specific skills. You will need good hand-eye coordination, steady hands, strong communications skills, and a passion for working with people.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose your school of acupuncture.\", \"描述\": \"As a traditional practice, there are a variety of different schools of thought regarding best practices, such as traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Five Element.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Talk to practicing acupuncturists.\", \"描述\": \"Find out what they did to earn their certification, and why they went into the profession. They can also tell you about the difficulties you will encounter in trying to get started, as both a student and practitioner.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get a command of the language spoken in your country.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to work in the United States, then you'll have to demonstrate a command of the English language to work as an acupuncturist. You will have to know how to understand and communicate flawlessly with your patients and review clinical records.\\nWhen it comes to acupuncture, it is crucial to know exactly what to say to your patients and to understand when your patients are expressing discomfort or concern.\\nDepending on the school of acupuncture you follow, you may also need to learn the traditional language of that school. At the very least, you'll need to learn the Chinese medical terms that are used in acupuncture.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Your License\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Research the acupuncture licensing requirements in the state where you will work.\", \"描述\": \"Certification requirements vary widely by state. Some states require you to earn a doctor of medicine degree, while others only necessitate hourly coursework with supervised training. These requirements will dictate the path you need to take to be an acupuncturist in your state. \\nEach state will also have rules regarding the \\\"scope of practice,\\\" that is, what you are allowed to do once licensed in that state.\\nIndividual states have different rules regarding certification reciprocity. If you want to practice acupuncture in two or more states, check with the individual states to determine what their rules are regarding the recognition of other state certifications.\\nIf you're already a physician and would like to practice acupuncture, check out the American Board of Medical Acupuncture, which offers examinations and explains the standards for physicians who want to practice acupuncture.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Meet the educational requirements for a training program.\", \"描述\": \"Most acupuncture training programs require students to have a bachelor's degree. Your degree can be in any subject, but you may want to take classes in fields such as physiology, anatomy, biology, and psychology. A bachelor's degree in a healthcare or alternative medicine related subject can also be helpful for a career as an acupuncturist. \\nWhile a bachelor's degree is ideal, some acupuncture schools only require two academic years of education at the baccalaureate level, or the equivalent, such as certification for a medical profession such as nursing.\\nThe requirements vary by program and state, so look at the requirements for your state and program.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Attend an accredited acupuncture college.\", \"描述\": \"Each college will have a different emphasis, but all will involve the study and practice of acupuncture, along with other aspects of Chinese herbal medicine. Most acupuncture programs take about 3 years to finish, and up to 4 years for a program in oriental medicine. \\nSchools are certified by the Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (ACAOM), which can help you find programs in your state.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply for certification.\", \"描述\": \"The National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM) provides the general certification for the profession. You will need to fill out an application, available on their website, and pay a certification fee. Though this is a private organization, NCCAOM certification can pass for licensing in many states.\\nThe application fee for Acupuncture Certification is currently $475. Different certifications granted by the NCCAOM have different fees, so be sure to check if you intend to get a different certification.\\nThe application also requires official transcripts from your AOM program, so be sure to contact your school and tell them to send those in.\\nIt is best to begin filling out the certification paperwork in the final year of your studies. It is best to check with your school for the best time to get that paperwork in. You don't want to delay certification, as the process takes some time, and it will be very hard (if not impossible) to get a job without it.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Pass the NCCAOM exam.\", \"描述\": \"Once your application has been processed and approved by the organization and state board, you will be allowed to sign up to take the certification exam. This exam is required for licensure in most states. Once you pass this exam, you are board certified. In most states, you will be recognized as a licensed acupuncturist (L.Ac.). Some states will use the designation \\\"Acupuncture Physician\\\" or \\\"Doctor of Oriental Medicine.\\\"\\nThe NCCAOM's website provides study guides to help prepare for the exam.\\nYou cannot take the exam without first having your application approved by the NCCAOM.\\nSome states will require additional exams for more certification. Check the list provided by the NCCAOM for the requirements in your state.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Succeeding in Your Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a job as an acupuncturist.\", \"描述\": \"Most beginner acupuncturists start out working with an established practice to gain experience and build up a client base. Acupuncturist jobs are typically easier to find in larger metropolitan areas than in small towns. You may have to start with an apprenticeship or an internship to gain more experience to make yourself a desirable candidate for an independent practice.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Develop meaningful relationships with your clients.\", \"描述\": \"It's not easy to make a living as an acupuncturist, and if you want to survive in the business, then you have to remember that your clients are everything to you. You need to be polite, learn a little bit about them and remember the things they've told you on previous visits, to be friendly and approachable, and to make sure they feel comfortable coming to your office time after time.\\nAfter each visit, make sure your clients book a follow-up appointment right away. This will encourage them to keep coming.\\nCall up your clients the day before their appointments. This will greatly reduce the rate of no-shows and will show them you care.\\nYou can also get referrals from your clients. Ask them if they have any friends who would be interested in your practice. This is a great way to get even more clients.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Continue your education.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to succeed, you can't just stop with your license to be an acupuncturist. You should take night classes at a community college or pursue another master's degree in a relevant field such as Acupuncture Practice Management, Marketing, or Business Success Principles. Many practitioners get into trouble when they focus only on healing principles and techniques and don't think about the business end of things. If you really want to help your clients, then you have to gain skills to help you keep your business afloat.\\nAttending any continuing education courses can give you valuable experience, even if they aren't business-related. Just as in any field of medicine, acupuncture treatments are constantly evolving. Pursue continuing training to learn new strategies, improve your techniques and keep your skills current.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Maintain your certification.\", \"描述\": \"Your certification from NCCAOM will need renewal every four years. You will need to fill out a form, and document your participation in Professional Development Activities (PDA). You will need a minimum of 60 points worth of PDA to qualify for recertification. You should mail your application materials to the NCCAOM at least 60 days before your certification is due to lapse. To prepare for recertification, read the handbook posted on the Council's website.\\nIf you miss these deadlines, your status will be considered \\\"Lapsed\\\" or \\\"Inactive,\\\" and require additional work to regain certification.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Consider starting your own business.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've gained some experience, understood the business side of things, and have developed a client base, you should consider starting your own acupuncture business. With your knowledge, you can become a business owner and have your clients follow you to your new practice. The more connections you have in the field, the better.\\nIf you know a few acupuncturists who would want to move to your business with you, you already have a leg up.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
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wikihow
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Becoming an Adjunct Professor: Tips to Jumpstart Your Academic Career
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1. Typical Hiring Criteria
1-1. Earn at least a master's degree in your chosen discipline.
To become an adjunct professor at a college or university, you typically need to have earned at least a master's degree. Most community colleges also require a master's degree, but may accept experience in the field in lieu of educational credentials.
For example, if you've built a successful small business from the ground up, you might be able to teach a bachelor's level business class, even without an MBA.
Keep in mind that to get hired as an adjunct professor, you have to be able to show that you have something to teach students at this level. Showing that you earned a degree is only one way to do that.
1-2. Publish research or creative work to boost your standing.
When you have publications, it shows that others have reviewed your work and found it valuable and worth sharing. Publications also show that you have something worth teaching to students. The type of publications you might have will vary widely depending on the field you're in.
For example, if you're an engineer or designer, patents issued to you would qualify as publications that would definitely be impressive to a department chair or hiring committee.
Not all colleges or universities specifically require that you have published work, but any publications you do have can significantly increase your chances of being hired, especially if you don't have any direct teaching experience.
1-3. Pursue a Ph.D. if you want to teach at the graduate level.
Beyond the bachelor's level, you typically need a terminal degree in your field—which might not be a Ph.D. (but usually is). While you're pursuing a Ph.D., though, you can usually work as an adjunct teaching bachelor's level classes.
For example, if you're a lawyer, you could look at becoming an adjunct professor at a law school because you have a JD, which is the terminal degree in your field.
There are exceptions if you happen to be a renowned expert or have some claim to fame in the field.
2. Job Duties
2-1. Create a course syllabus and list of materials for your classes.
If you're teaching a standard introductory class, the department might have core standards that might include a required textbook or the areas you're required to cover. At the same time, it's your responsibility to design the overall flow of the course and write your syllabus, as well as prepare the tests and other assignments you'll use to evaluate your students' progress.
If you're teaching a more niche course based on your personal expertise, you'll likely be designing the course from scratch. It can help to look at syllabi and course materials from other professors who've taught similar courses.
2-2. Teach undergraduate or graduate classes.
Typically, an adjunct professor has primarily a teaching role. You'll give lectures and lead class discussions every week. You'll also answer student questions and guide students toward a better and more complete understanding of the material you're teaching.
As part of your teaching role, many colleges and universities require you to maintain office hours where students can meet you for one-on-one guidance and instruction.
Outside of office hours, you're generally expected to be accessible to your students through email when they have questions or concerns about course material or assignments.
2-3. Grade student exams and papers.
Universities typically have an electronic system for reporting and distributing grades that you'll be responsible for using. As an adjunct, you're generally expected to report student grades in a timely fashion (although the specifics of that will depend on the rules of your department).
Your grading responsibility includes counseling students who aren't doing well in your class. You might also come up with extra credit projects students can do to improve their standing.
2-4. Collaborate with other faculty.
Adjunct professors don't typically have the service requirements of tenure-track professors, but that doesn't mean you just teach your class and go home. There will be plenty of opportunities to work with others in your department, and helping your colleagues out will enhance your reputation and your standing at your school.
You might also find opportunities to collaborate outside your department. For example, if you're a literature professor and you're doing a unit on American literature during the Great Depression, you might collaborate with a history professor.
2-5. Attend school events.
As an adjunct, you're considered part of the university community. Attending school events reinforces your role in that community. It also gives you an opportunity to bond with students and faculty outside of the academic environment.
Since adjuncts are paid by the classroom hour, there's typically no compensation for your attendance at school events.
Even though your presence at various events isn't necessarily required, being seen there can enhance your standing at the institution.
2-6. Research and write academic articles if you're eyeing tenure.
Unlike tenure-track professors, adjuncts typically don't have any research or publishing requirements. If you're a professional with a job outside academia, you might not have any interest in research. On the other hand, if you hope to secure a tenure-track position one day, teaching one class as an adjunct with no other responsibilities gives you a lot of time to work on other projects.
You certainly aren't going to feel any pressure to research and write as an adjunct. If you're only interested in teaching, there's no reason for you to feel that you have to do this.
2-7. Support and provide feedback to students.
An adjunct professor is primarily a teacher and serving as a support system for your students goes right along with that. Because the bulk of your time is spent with students, you're in a great position to mentor and guide them as they make their way in the world.
For example, if you have a student who's struggling in your class, you might spend extra time tutoring them so they have a better understanding of the concepts you're teaching.
Take time to get to know your students and what drives them so they'll get more out of your class and you can become a better teacher.
This is what draws many professionals to adjunct teaching—the idea that they can help a younger generation in their field find their way.
3. Average Salary
Adjunct professors in the US make around $40 an hour on average.
This doesn't mean you'll necessarily get paid the average. Pay depends on the institution, the department, and sometimes even the specific class you teach. Adjuncts are paid per credit hour that they teach and are usually limited to 9 credit hours per semester.
Adjunct professors typically aren't eligible for the perks and benefits offered to full-time, tenure-track faculty, such as health insurance, retirement plans, and paid time off.
Because being an adjunct is part-time, if you're starting a career entirely in academia, you'll likely want to work as an adjunct for several colleges or universities at the same time.
Some adjunct positions are offered entirely without pay. The "benefit" to these positions is essentially that you get the prestige of calling yourself an adjunct professor.
4. Job Outlook
Overall employment is expected to grow around 12% from 2021-2031.
According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, this growth rate is much faster than the average for all professions. That growth rate includes both full-time professors and adjuncts.
By far the highest expected growth is for postsecondary teachers in nursing (22%) and health specialties (24%).
At an expected rate of 13%, postsecondary teachers in engineering come in just above the overall growth rate for postsecondary teachers generally.
Disciplines with the lowest expected growth rates include social sciences (6%), English language and literature (6%), business (6%), and math (6%).
5. Application Materials
5-1. Curriculum vitae (CV)
If you're applying for a position at a community college, you'll typically use a teacher-focused résumé rather than a full CV. Otherwise, write a CV tailored to each specific position that highlights your experiences and expertise in a comprehensive way. There are no length restrictions for CVs, so include anything that bolsters your reputation and makes you stand out from the crowd. Sections of your CV might include:
Education
Relevant experience
Publications
Presentations
Honors and awards
References
Qualifications, licenses, or certifications
Grants received
Community involvement
Professional associations
Institutional service
5-2. Recommendation letters
Talk to former professors or professional colleagues about writing you a recommendation letter. Make sure the people you choose are familiar not only with your work and your expertise but also with your teaching ability. Anyone who has directly supervised your work is always a great candidate to write a recommendation letter.
5-3. Cover letter
Write a specific cover letter each time you apply to a position. In your letter, talk about why you want to teach at that school in particular and what you think you could bring to the faculty. Show that you know something about the school and the department where you're applying to work.
For example, you might mention that you're excited to work with the department because of a recent award or honor they've received.
Read some of the recent publications by the department head to get some other ideas for things you might mention in your cover letter. If they don't make the cut for the letter, you could also bring them up in an interview.
5-4. Teaching statement
You might think of this document as a supplemental teaching résumé that goes into further detail about your teaching experience and pedagogical philosophy and goals. If you don't have any teaching experience yet, use this document as a place to explore ideas of what you'd like to do. Your teaching statement might include sections on:
Courses you've developed or assisted in developing
Courses you're qualified to teach
Ideas for course structure
Experience mentoring students
Feedback from teaching evaluations
How you approach assessment and evaluate student progress
5-5. Research statement (optional)
If you want to work toward a tenure-track position and are focused on research, you might write a research statement and include it with your other application materials. This document summarizes your research accomplishments and current work, as well as the direction and potential of your work. You might have sections discussing:
Funding history and potential
Lab equipment or space requirements
Potential research or industrial collaborations
Contributions to your field
Overall direction and focus
6. Finding a Position
6-1. Contact the department at your alma mater.
The department where you graduated will be a great resource for you, especially if you graduated recently. They might be less helpful if you graduated decades ago and no longer know anyone there, but it's still worth a shot. Professors who know your work and interests can often recommend specific places where you'd fit in well.
Larger departments are typically going to have more resources than bare-bones departments at smaller colleges and universities. But in a smaller department, you're also likely to have closer relationships with the professors.
6-2. Guest lecture in relevant classes at universities near you.
A guest lecture is more than a line on your CV—it's an opportunity to hone your teaching skills in front of other academics. Students who enjoy your lecture will talk about it as well, and word will get back to professors in the department. This is a great way to get your name out there and become a familiar face around the department where you want to teach.
If you know professors in your area, talk to them first. They'll usually be more likely to collaborate with you.
You can also check course listings at local universities and send introductory emails to professors of courses where you might have something to contribute.
6-3. Join academic or trade associations related to your discipline.
Your membership demonstrates that you're keeping up-to-date on issues in your discipline. It also gives you plenty of opportunities to network with professionals in your field, which can lead to opportunities to become an adjunct professor.
Many academic and trade associations also have career services departments that can help match you with opportunities that best suit your needs, education, and experience.
6-4. Attend academic conferences in your discipline.
Academic conferences are a great way to learn about emerging research in your field as well as network with professors and researchers. Tell people you meet that you're interested in an adjunct position—they might be willing to help you out.
Speaking or presenting at conferences is another great way to get your name out there as an expert in your field. Attendees may very well come to you with information about opportunities they know of.
6-5. Network with other adjuncts in your field and related fields.
Adjuncts tend to know when their school is hiring more adjuncts and could potentially recommend you. They can also give you a lot of feedback on your ideas and tips for course development, student relations, and generally surviving as an adjunct.
If you're a working professional in your field, adjuncts who are in the same boat can be a lot of help! Their advice on things like time management can be a real lifesaver when you're first starting out and trying to juggle all the demands on your time.
6-6. Search online databases of open positions.
Most institutions advertise their open positions online. Competition for these positions can be intense, but there's a reason the institution is casting a wide net. Use your CV, recommendations, and other accomplishments to stand out from the pack. Don't just limit yourself to the general job sites—you're likely to have better luck at sites that cater to education specifically, such as The Chronicle of Higher Education's job board.
If you're interested in teaching online classes, you're also not limited by geography—you could potentially work for a school anywhere! Searching online databases is the easiest way to find these positions.
6-7. Interview with department chairs.
Adjunct positions are typically staffed through the academic department, rather than through the institution's human resources office. The chair will meet with you to discuss your experience and expertise and whether you'd be a good fit for the department.
Even if a chair doesn't have any positions available, an informational interview could lead them to put your name in the adjunct pool. Then, you'd be contacted when a position became available.
|
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"create_time": "20230517 10:56:09",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Typical Hiring Criteria\\n1-1. Earn at least a master's degree in your chosen discipline.\\nTo become an adjunct professor at a college or university, you typically need to have earned at least a master's degree. Most community colleges also require a master's degree, but may accept experience in the field in lieu of educational credentials.\\nFor example, if you've built a successful small business from the ground up, you might be able to teach a bachelor's level business class, even without an MBA.\\nKeep in mind that to get hired as an adjunct professor, you have to be able to show that you have something to teach students at this level. Showing that you earned a degree is only one way to do that.\\n1-2. Publish research or creative work to boost your standing.\\nWhen you have publications, it shows that others have reviewed your work and found it valuable and worth sharing. Publications also show that you have something worth teaching to students. The type of publications you might have will vary widely depending on the field you're in.\\nFor example, if you're an engineer or designer, patents issued to you would qualify as publications that would definitely be impressive to a department chair or hiring committee.\\nNot all colleges or universities specifically require that you have published work, but any publications you do have can significantly increase your chances of being hired, especially if you don't have any direct teaching experience.\\n1-3. Pursue a Ph.D. if you want to teach at the graduate level.\\nBeyond the bachelor's level, you typically need a terminal degree in your field—which might not be a Ph.D. (but usually is). While you're pursuing a Ph.D., though, you can usually work as an adjunct teaching bachelor's level classes.\\nFor example, if you're a lawyer, you could look at becoming an adjunct professor at a law school because you have a JD, which is the terminal degree in your field.\\nThere are exceptions if you happen to be a renowned expert or have some claim to fame in the field.\\n2. Job Duties\\n2-1. Create a course syllabus and list of materials for your classes.\\nIf you're teaching a standard introductory class, the department might have core standards that might include a required textbook or the areas you're required to cover. At the same time, it's your responsibility to design the overall flow of the course and write your syllabus, as well as prepare the tests and other assignments you'll use to evaluate your students' progress.\\nIf you're teaching a more niche course based on your personal expertise, you'll likely be designing the course from scratch. It can help to look at syllabi and course materials from other professors who've taught similar courses.\\n2-2. Teach undergraduate or graduate classes.\\nTypically, an adjunct professor has primarily a teaching role. You'll give lectures and lead class discussions every week. You'll also answer student questions and guide students toward a better and more complete understanding of the material you're teaching.\\nAs part of your teaching role, many colleges and universities require you to maintain office hours where students can meet you for one-on-one guidance and instruction.\\nOutside of office hours, you're generally expected to be accessible to your students through email when they have questions or concerns about course material or assignments.\\n2-3. Grade student exams and papers.\\nUniversities typically have an electronic system for reporting and distributing grades that you'll be responsible for using. As an adjunct, you're generally expected to report student grades in a timely fashion (although the specifics of that will depend on the rules of your department).\\nYour grading responsibility includes counseling students who aren't doing well in your class. You might also come up with extra credit projects students can do to improve their standing.\\n2-4. Collaborate with other faculty.\\nAdjunct professors don't typically have the service requirements of tenure-track professors, but that doesn't mean you just teach your class and go home. There will be plenty of opportunities to work with others in your department, and helping your colleagues out will enhance your reputation and your standing at your school.\\nYou might also find opportunities to collaborate outside your department. For example, if you're a literature professor and you're doing a unit on American literature during the Great Depression, you might collaborate with a history professor.\\n2-5. Attend school events.\\nAs an adjunct, you're considered part of the university community. Attending school events reinforces your role in that community. It also gives you an opportunity to bond with students and faculty outside of the academic environment.\\nSince adjuncts are paid by the classroom hour, there's typically no compensation for your attendance at school events.\\nEven though your presence at various events isn't necessarily required, being seen there can enhance your standing at the institution.\\n2-6. Research and write academic articles if you're eyeing tenure.\\nUnlike tenure-track professors, adjuncts typically don't have any research or publishing requirements. If you're a professional with a job outside academia, you might not have any interest in research. On the other hand, if you hope to secure a tenure-track position one day, teaching one class as an adjunct with no other responsibilities gives you a lot of time to work on other projects.\\nYou certainly aren't going to feel any pressure to research and write as an adjunct. If you're only interested in teaching, there's no reason for you to feel that you have to do this.\\n2-7. Support and provide feedback to students.\\nAn adjunct professor is primarily a teacher and serving as a support system for your students goes right along with that. Because the bulk of your time is spent with students, you're in a great position to mentor and guide them as they make their way in the world.\\nFor example, if you have a student who's struggling in your class, you might spend extra time tutoring them so they have a better understanding of the concepts you're teaching.\\nTake time to get to know your students and what drives them so they'll get more out of your class and you can become a better teacher.\\nThis is what draws many professionals to adjunct teaching—the idea that they can help a younger generation in their field find their way.\\n3. Average Salary\\nAdjunct professors in the US make around $40 an hour on average.\\nThis doesn't mean you'll necessarily get paid the average. Pay depends on the institution, the department, and sometimes even the specific class you teach. Adjuncts are paid per credit hour that they teach and are usually limited to 9 credit hours per semester.\\nAdjunct professors typically aren't eligible for the perks and benefits offered to full-time, tenure-track faculty, such as health insurance, retirement plans, and paid time off.\\nBecause being an adjunct is part-time, if you're starting a career entirely in academia, you'll likely want to work as an adjunct for several colleges or universities at the same time.\\nSome adjunct positions are offered entirely without pay. The \\\"benefit\\\" to these positions is essentially that you get the prestige of calling yourself an adjunct professor.\\n4. Job Outlook\\nOverall employment is expected to grow around 12% from 2021-2031.\\nAccording to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, this growth rate is much faster than the average for all professions. That growth rate includes both full-time professors and adjuncts.\\nBy far the highest expected growth is for postsecondary teachers in nursing (22%) and health specialties (24%).\\nAt an expected rate of 13%, postsecondary teachers in engineering come in just above the overall growth rate for postsecondary teachers generally.\\nDisciplines with the lowest expected growth rates include social sciences (6%), English language and literature (6%), business (6%), and math (6%).\\n5. Application Materials\\n5-1. Curriculum vitae (CV)\\nIf you're applying for a position at a community college, you'll typically use a teacher-focused résumé rather than a full CV. Otherwise, write a CV tailored to each specific position that highlights your experiences and expertise in a comprehensive way. There are no length restrictions for CVs, so include anything that bolsters your reputation and makes you stand out from the crowd. Sections of your CV might include:\\nEducation\\nRelevant experience\\nPublications\\nPresentations\\nHonors and awards\\nReferences\\nQualifications, licenses, or certifications\\nGrants received\\nCommunity involvement\\nProfessional associations\\nInstitutional service\\n5-2. Recommendation letters\\nTalk to former professors or professional colleagues about writing you a recommendation letter. Make sure the people you choose are familiar not only with your work and your expertise but also with your teaching ability. Anyone who has directly supervised your work is always a great candidate to write a recommendation letter.\\n5-3. Cover letter\\nWrite a specific cover letter each time you apply to a position. In your letter, talk about why you want to teach at that school in particular and what you think you could bring to the faculty. Show that you know something about the school and the department where you're applying to work.\\nFor example, you might mention that you're excited to work with the department because of a recent award or honor they've received.\\nRead some of the recent publications by the department head to get some other ideas for things you might mention in your cover letter. If they don't make the cut for the letter, you could also bring them up in an interview.\\n5-4. Teaching statement\\nYou might think of this document as a supplemental teaching résumé that goes into further detail about your teaching experience and pedagogical philosophy and goals. If you don't have any teaching experience yet, use this document as a place to explore ideas of what you'd like to do. Your teaching statement might include sections on:\\nCourses you've developed or assisted in developing\\nCourses you're qualified to teach\\nIdeas for course structure\\nExperience mentoring students\\nFeedback from teaching evaluations\\nHow you approach assessment and evaluate student progress\\n5-5. Research statement (optional)\\nIf you want to work toward a tenure-track position and are focused on research, you might write a research statement and include it with your other application materials. This document summarizes your research accomplishments and current work, as well as the direction and potential of your work. You might have sections discussing:\\nFunding history and potential\\nLab equipment or space requirements\\nPotential research or industrial collaborations\\nContributions to your field\\nOverall direction and focus\\n6. Finding a Position\\n6-1. Contact the department at your alma mater.\\nThe department where you graduated will be a great resource for you, especially if you graduated recently. They might be less helpful if you graduated decades ago and no longer know anyone there, but it's still worth a shot. Professors who know your work and interests can often recommend specific places where you'd fit in well.\\nLarger departments are typically going to have more resources than bare-bones departments at smaller colleges and universities. But in a smaller department, you're also likely to have closer relationships with the professors.\\n6-2. Guest lecture in relevant classes at universities near you.\\nA guest lecture is more than a line on your CV—it's an opportunity to hone your teaching skills in front of other academics. Students who enjoy your lecture will talk about it as well, and word will get back to professors in the department. This is a great way to get your name out there and become a familiar face around the department where you want to teach.\\nIf you know professors in your area, talk to them first. They'll usually be more likely to collaborate with you.\\nYou can also check course listings at local universities and send introductory emails to professors of courses where you might have something to contribute.\\n6-3. Join academic or trade associations related to your discipline.\\nYour membership demonstrates that you're keeping up-to-date on issues in your discipline. It also gives you plenty of opportunities to network with professionals in your field, which can lead to opportunities to become an adjunct professor.\\nMany academic and trade associations also have career services departments that can help match you with opportunities that best suit your needs, education, and experience.\\n6-4. Attend academic conferences in your discipline.\\nAcademic conferences are a great way to learn about emerging research in your field as well as network with professors and researchers. Tell people you meet that you're interested in an adjunct position—they might be willing to help you out.\\nSpeaking or presenting at conferences is another great way to get your name out there as an expert in your field. Attendees may very well come to you with information about opportunities they know of.\\n6-5. Network with other adjuncts in your field and related fields.\\nAdjuncts tend to know when their school is hiring more adjuncts and could potentially recommend you. They can also give you a lot of feedback on your ideas and tips for course development, student relations, and generally surviving as an adjunct.\\nIf you're a working professional in your field, adjuncts who are in the same boat can be a lot of help! Their advice on things like time management can be a real lifesaver when you're first starting out and trying to juggle all the demands on your time.\\n6-6. Search online databases of open positions.\\nMost institutions advertise their open positions online. Competition for these positions can be intense, but there's a reason the institution is casting a wide net. Use your CV, recommendations, and other accomplishments to stand out from the pack. Don't just limit yourself to the general job sites—you're likely to have better luck at sites that cater to education specifically, such as The Chronicle of Higher Education's job board.\\nIf you're interested in teaching online classes, you're also not limited by geography—you could potentially work for a school anywhere! Searching online databases is the easiest way to find these positions.\\n6-7. Interview with department chairs.\\nAdjunct positions are typically staffed through the academic department, rather than through the institution's human resources office. The chair will meet with you to discuss your experience and expertise and whether you'd be a good fit for the department.\\nEven if a chair doesn't have any positions available, an informational interview could lead them to put your name in the adjunct pool. Then, you'd be contacted when a position became available.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Whether you've just finished grad school or have years of experience in your profession, becoming an adjunct professor is a great way to mentor the next generation of leaders in your field. The versatility of this part-time role has attracted many professionals who are looking to expand their credentials. If you're interested in becoming an adjunct professor, you've come to the right place! Keep reading to learn everything you need to know to take advantage of this exciting opportunity.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Typical Hiring Criteria\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Earn at least a master's degree in your chosen discipline.\", \"描述\": \"To become an adjunct professor at a college or university, you typically need to have earned at least a master's degree. Most community colleges also require a master's degree, but may accept experience in the field in lieu of educational credentials.\\nFor example, if you've built a successful small business from the ground up, you might be able to teach a bachelor's level business class, even without an MBA.\\nKeep in mind that to get hired as an adjunct professor, you have to be able to show that you have something to teach students at this level. Showing that you earned a degree is only one way to do that.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Publish research or creative work to boost your standing.\", \"描述\": \"When you have publications, it shows that others have reviewed your work and found it valuable and worth sharing. Publications also show that you have something worth teaching to students. The type of publications you might have will vary widely depending on the field you're in.\\nFor example, if you're an engineer or designer, patents issued to you would qualify as publications that would definitely be impressive to a department chair or hiring committee.\\nNot all colleges or universities specifically require that you have published work, but any publications you do have can significantly increase your chances of being hired, especially if you don't have any direct teaching experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pursue a Ph.D. if you want to teach at the graduate level.\", \"描述\": \"Beyond the bachelor's level, you typically need a terminal degree in your field—which might not be a Ph.D. (but usually is). While you're pursuing a Ph.D., though, you can usually work as an adjunct teaching bachelor's level classes.\\nFor example, if you're a lawyer, you could look at becoming an adjunct professor at a law school because you have a JD, which is the terminal degree in your field.\\nThere are exceptions if you happen to be a renowned expert or have some claim to fame in the field.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Job Duties\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Create a course syllabus and list of materials for your classes.\", \"描述\": \"If you're teaching a standard introductory class, the department might have core standards that might include a required textbook or the areas you're required to cover. At the same time, it's your responsibility to design the overall flow of the course and write your syllabus, as well as prepare the tests and other assignments you'll use to evaluate your students' progress.\\nIf you're teaching a more niche course based on your personal expertise, you'll likely be designing the course from scratch. It can help to look at syllabi and course materials from other professors who've taught similar courses.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Teach undergraduate or graduate classes.\", \"描述\": \"Typically, an adjunct professor has primarily a teaching role. You'll give lectures and lead class discussions every week. You'll also answer student questions and guide students toward a better and more complete understanding of the material you're teaching.\\nAs part of your teaching role, many colleges and universities require you to maintain office hours where students can meet you for one-on-one guidance and instruction.\\nOutside of office hours, you're generally expected to be accessible to your students through email when they have questions or concerns about course material or assignments.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Grade student exams and papers.\", \"描述\": \"Universities typically have an electronic system for reporting and distributing grades that you'll be responsible for using. As an adjunct, you're generally expected to report student grades in a timely fashion (although the specifics of that will depend on the rules of your department).\\nYour grading responsibility includes counseling students who aren't doing well in your class. You might also come up with extra credit projects students can do to improve their standing.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Collaborate with other faculty.\", \"描述\": \"Adjunct professors don't typically have the service requirements of tenure-track professors, but that doesn't mean you just teach your class and go home. There will be plenty of opportunities to work with others in your department, and helping your colleagues out will enhance your reputation and your standing at your school.\\nYou might also find opportunities to collaborate outside your department. For example, if you're a literature professor and you're doing a unit on American literature during the Great Depression, you might collaborate with a history professor.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Attend school events.\", \"描述\": \"As an adjunct, you're considered part of the university community. Attending school events reinforces your role in that community. It also gives you an opportunity to bond with students and faculty outside of the academic environment.\\nSince adjuncts are paid by the classroom hour, there's typically no compensation for your attendance at school events.\\nEven though your presence at various events isn't necessarily required, being seen there can enhance your standing at the institution.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Research and write academic articles if you're eyeing tenure.\", \"描述\": \"Unlike tenure-track professors, adjuncts typically don't have any research or publishing requirements. If you're a professional with a job outside academia, you might not have any interest in research. On the other hand, if you hope to secure a tenure-track position one day, teaching one class as an adjunct with no other responsibilities gives you a lot of time to work on other projects.\\nYou certainly aren't going to feel any pressure to research and write as an adjunct. If you're only interested in teaching, there's no reason for you to feel that you have to do this.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Support and provide feedback to students.\", \"描述\": \"An adjunct professor is primarily a teacher and serving as a support system for your students goes right along with that. Because the bulk of your time is spent with students, you're in a great position to mentor and guide them as they make their way in the world.\\nFor example, if you have a student who's struggling in your class, you might spend extra time tutoring them so they have a better understanding of the concepts you're teaching.\\nTake time to get to know your students and what drives them so they'll get more out of your class and you can become a better teacher.\\nThis is what draws many professionals to adjunct teaching—the idea that they can help a younger generation in their field find their way.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Average Salary\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjunct professors in the US make around $40 an hour on average.\", \"描述\": \"This doesn't mean you'll necessarily get paid the average. Pay depends on the institution, the department, and sometimes even the specific class you teach. Adjuncts are paid per credit hour that they teach and are usually limited to 9 credit hours per semester.\\nAdjunct professors typically aren't eligible for the perks and benefits offered to full-time, tenure-track faculty, such as health insurance, retirement plans, and paid time off.\\nBecause being an adjunct is part-time, if you're starting a career entirely in academia, you'll likely want to work as an adjunct for several colleges or universities at the same time.\\nSome adjunct positions are offered entirely without pay. The \\\"benefit\\\" to these positions is essentially that you get the prestige of calling yourself an adjunct professor.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Job Outlook\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Overall employment is expected to grow around 12% from 2021-2031.\", \"描述\": \"According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, this growth rate is much faster than the average for all professions. That growth rate includes both full-time professors and adjuncts.\\nBy far the highest expected growth is for postsecondary teachers in nursing (22%) and health specialties (24%).\\nAt an expected rate of 13%, postsecondary teachers in engineering come in just above the overall growth rate for postsecondary teachers generally.\\nDisciplines with the lowest expected growth rates include social sciences (6%), English language and literature (6%), business (6%), and math (6%).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Application Materials\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Curriculum vitae (CV)\", \"描述\": \"If you're applying for a position at a community college, you'll typically use a teacher-focused résumé rather than a full CV. Otherwise, write a CV tailored to each specific position that highlights your experiences and expertise in a comprehensive way. There are no length restrictions for CVs, so include anything that bolsters your reputation and makes you stand out from the crowd. Sections of your CV might include:\\nEducation\\nRelevant experience\\nPublications\\nPresentations\\nHonors and awards\\nReferences\\nQualifications, licenses, or certifications\\nGrants received\\nCommunity involvement\\nProfessional associations\\nInstitutional service\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Recommendation letters\", \"描述\": \"Talk to former professors or professional colleagues about writing you a recommendation letter. Make sure the people you choose are familiar not only with your work and your expertise but also with your teaching ability. Anyone who has directly supervised your work is always a great candidate to write a recommendation letter.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Cover letter\", \"描述\": \"Write a specific cover letter each time you apply to a position. In your letter, talk about why you want to teach at that school in particular and what you think you could bring to the faculty. Show that you know something about the school and the department where you're applying to work.\\nFor example, you might mention that you're excited to work with the department because of a recent award or honor they've received.\\nRead some of the recent publications by the department head to get some other ideas for things you might mention in your cover letter. If they don't make the cut for the letter, you could also bring them up in an interview.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Teaching statement\", \"描述\": \"You might think of this document as a supplemental teaching résumé that goes into further detail about your teaching experience and pedagogical philosophy and goals. If you don't have any teaching experience yet, use this document as a place to explore ideas of what you'd like to do. Your teaching statement might include sections on:\\nCourses you've developed or assisted in developing\\nCourses you're qualified to teach\\nIdeas for course structure\\nExperience mentoring students\\nFeedback from teaching evaluations\\nHow you approach assessment and evaluate student progress\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Research statement (optional)\", \"描述\": \"If you want to work toward a tenure-track position and are focused on research, you might write a research statement and include it with your other application materials. This document summarizes your research accomplishments and current work, as well as the direction and potential of your work. You might have sections discussing:\\nFunding history and potential\\nLab equipment or space requirements\\nPotential research or industrial collaborations\\nContributions to your field\\nOverall direction and focus\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Finding a Position\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Contact the department at your alma mater.\", \"描述\": \"The department where you graduated will be a great resource for you, especially if you graduated recently. They might be less helpful if you graduated decades ago and no longer know anyone there, but it's still worth a shot. Professors who know your work and interests can often recommend specific places where you'd fit in well.\\nLarger departments are typically going to have more resources than bare-bones departments at smaller colleges and universities. But in a smaller department, you're also likely to have closer relationships with the professors.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Guest lecture in relevant classes at universities near you.\", \"描述\": \"A guest lecture is more than a line on your CV—it's an opportunity to hone your teaching skills in front of other academics. Students who enjoy your lecture will talk about it as well, and word will get back to professors in the department. This is a great way to get your name out there and become a familiar face around the department where you want to teach.\\nIf you know professors in your area, talk to them first. They'll usually be more likely to collaborate with you.\\nYou can also check course listings at local universities and send introductory emails to professors of courses where you might have something to contribute.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Join academic or trade associations related to your discipline.\", \"描述\": \"Your membership demonstrates that you're keeping up-to-date on issues in your discipline. It also gives you plenty of opportunities to network with professionals in your field, which can lead to opportunities to become an adjunct professor.\\nMany academic and trade associations also have career services departments that can help match you with opportunities that best suit your needs, education, and experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Attend academic conferences in your discipline.\", \"描述\": \"Academic conferences are a great way to learn about emerging research in your field as well as network with professors and researchers. Tell people you meet that you're interested in an adjunct position—they might be willing to help you out.\\nSpeaking or presenting at conferences is another great way to get your name out there as an expert in your field. Attendees may very well come to you with information about opportunities they know of.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Network with other adjuncts in your field and related fields.\", \"描述\": \"Adjuncts tend to know when their school is hiring more adjuncts and could potentially recommend you. They can also give you a lot of feedback on your ideas and tips for course development, student relations, and generally surviving as an adjunct.\\nIf you're a working professional in your field, adjuncts who are in the same boat can be a lot of help! Their advice on things like time management can be a real lifesaver when you're first starting out and trying to juggle all the demands on your time.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Search online databases of open positions.\", \"描述\": \"Most institutions advertise their open positions online. Competition for these positions can be intense, but there's a reason the institution is casting a wide net. Use your CV, recommendations, and other accomplishments to stand out from the pack. Don't just limit yourself to the general job sites—you're likely to have better luck at sites that cater to education specifically, such as The Chronicle of Higher Education's job board.\\nIf you're interested in teaching online classes, you're also not limited by geography—you could potentially work for a school anywhere! Searching online databases is the easiest way to find these positions.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Interview with department chairs.\", \"描述\": \"Adjunct positions are typically staffed through the academic department, rather than through the institution's human resources office. The chair will meet with you to discuss your experience and expertise and whether you'd be a good fit for the department.\\nEven if a chair doesn't have any positions available, an informational interview could lead them to put your name in the adjunct pool. Then, you'd be contacted when a position became available.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,907 |
How to Become an Administrative Assistant
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1. Preparing for a Job as an Administrative Assistant
1-1. Graduate from high school.
A high school diploma and a little training is all you need to become an administrative assistant. It is not necessary to have a college degree, but a little training from a technical school or community college can give you the extra edge to appeal to a potential employer.
1-2. Increase your typing speed and accuracy by taking a keyboarding course.
Courses in keyboarding are available at technical, vocational schools, community colleges and online. The goal is to learn how to touch-type, which will allow you to read text and type it into the computer without having to look at the keyboard.
You will also learn how to create, edit and save documents.
Timers will help you increase and accurately count how many words you can type per minute, which is often important to your employer when interviewing for an administrative assistant position.
To improve your typing speed, experts suggest using ergonomic keyboards, which are designed to minimize muscle strain, fatigue, and other problems.
Typing.com is one of the free websites online you can use to learn speed typing.
1-3. Train for the specifics of your industry.
If you are looking to be an administrative assistant in a specific industry, it is helpful to educate yourself on the practices and terminology which may be used in that industry.
For example, medical industry professionals and legal secretaries need to know the terminology and codes based on the field of work.
1-4. Learn informational technology, or IT.
An IT course will be incredibly helpful in learning different software programs you will be expected to use as an administrative assistant. Computer technology is expanding and increasing all of the time. Keep up with the changes by taking an IT course at a local community college or technical school.
Become familiar with the programs included in the Microsoft Office Suite.
Focus specifically on Word for word processing, Excel for spreadsheets and Power Point for presentations.
1-5. Prepare to learn on the job.
Much of the training you will need will happen in the office after you start. Be prepared for a learning curve the first couple of months after you start your new job as an administrative assistant. Each office is different and will have particular styles, needs and expectations.
Have patience and be open to instruction and corrections.
Ask questions and follow up by asking if your work is meeting expectations.
Ask what you can do to improve your work.
Set a check-in meeting with your boss for a few months after your start date to assess your training on the job and track your improvement.
2. Applying for a Job as an Administrative Assistant
2-1. Create a resume.
Your resume should be well-organized and concise. It should lay out your name and contact information followed by your experience, your skills, and your training. Make sure it is easy to read by creating clear, organized sections and columns within each section.
List all software programs you can use proficiently.
Don’t forget to include volunteer work which may not seem like it directly relates to the office work, but shows your altruism and proves that you are trustworthy.
Double and triple check for grammar and spelling mistakes. This is especially important when applying for this position, which will involve you communicating efficiently and correctly through written word and memos.
2-2. Write a cover letter expressing your interest in the position and highlighting the skills which make you excel at the job.
Mention any experience and courses you have taken to prepare for the position, but also make the letter personalized to the office where you are applying. Tell them what you appreciate about their specific business.
Don’t forget to include things which may be missing from your resume, like your trustworthiness, ability to quickly learn on the job, and active communication skills.
2-3. Network with others in the field to increase your chances of being hired.
Having someone in the office who can recommend you personally will give you an edge over a perfect stranger to the team. Even speaking to others in the field gives you a better understanding of a day in the life of an administrative assistant, as well as the expectations and tips to get ahead. Someone may even point you toward a job opening.
Your immediate network can connect you with their network. For example, the coach or your child’s soccer team can connect you with the other parents.
Let people know that you are looking for a job as an administrative assistant. Talk about it with friends and family or on social media and ask to be connected with others in the field.
2-4. Submit your cover letter and resume to companies which interest you.
You can submit your resume online through sites like Monster, Indeed, and CareerBuilder. Find companies which really interest you and apply to those first. The more you are passionate about the company, the more likely you will project a positivity and passion for the position.
Using these online sites will be the first step in proving your technical prowess. Take your time and make sure that you are navigating the site and using its features effectively.
Create a profile on LinkedIn. Continue updating the profile as you take more courses or gain experience.
2-5. Put yourself out there by applying in person.
While applying online and having an updated online presence can show you're tech savvy, applying in person can make sure you actually get in the door. Choose one or two places where you would really like to work, go there during business hours, and hand your resume over in person.
Have a positive and energetic presence while you are in the office. Show them your personality and smile at everyone you meet.
The employers will likely still want a digital version of your resume. Follow up by also submitting your resume through their online system or in an email.
3. Interviewing to be an Administrative Assistant
3-1. Project your honesty and integrity.
You may be expected to handle sensitive, personal and private information in this position. This could include medical records, legal documents, and personal identifying information such as social security numbers and bank account information. Prove to your potential employer that you can be trusted with this information.
List experience on your resume which shows your altruism, like volunteering work you have done to help others.
Provide personal and professional reference your potential employer can call to learn more about your trustworthiness and ethics.
3-2. Communicate effectively within your professional environment.
Administrative assistants are expected to interact with other office workers and clients of the company. Work on communicating in a way which is effective, personable and creates a positive atmosphere.
Interact in a positive and friendly manner with everyone you are exposed to in the office. This includes anyone you meet before and after the interview.
Be an active listener. Focus on what others are saying without interrupting. Repeat back some of what they have said to let them know you understand what they want.
Don’t allow the stress of the interview to take over. Use stalling tactics until you can calm yourself. Another option is to insert some humor into the conversation to cut through the tension.
3-3. Find a place for everything.
A big part of the job of administrative assistant is organization. This includes files and folders, data, and schedules. Learn to keep yourself organized and show it when you go into an interview.
Be on time. Bring a planner. Have your resume, reference letters and any other paperwork organized in a folder and know where to access it.
Show organization and planning skills with simple preparation like bringing your own pen.
3-4. Create an organizational system.
Take your resources, assess the performance capacity you have based on people power, budget, and materials. Take actions within your resources to create the outcome and output you desire. Gather feedback from your clients, community or staff and adjust your strategy accordingly.
This is a basic diagram for creating an organizational system, which can be applied in multiple circumstances. Use this system to keep your job applications organized and improve your future interviews through feedback from your past interviews.
Learn the resources and system of the office you are applying at and don’t be afraid to suggest some changes to improve the outcome and output of their current system.
Tips
Practice your skills while job hunting.
Keep trying and don't feel discouraged by rejections! There are many jobs available.
Speak to people who already work as administrators. Ask them what a typical day is like.
Warnings
Office work may be boring for some, especially on slow days.
Administrative Assistants are sometimes underappreciated in the workplace, and the praise they do get from upper management may be minimal compared to other departments like sales that generate money for the company.
This work may also be stressful with tight deadlines and heavy workloads, depending on the company or work environment.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:09",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing for a Job as an Administrative Assistant\\n1-1. Graduate from high school.\\nA high school diploma and a little training is all you need to become an administrative assistant. It is not necessary to have a college degree, but a little training from a technical school or community college can give you the extra edge to appeal to a potential employer.\\n1-2. Increase your typing speed and accuracy by taking a keyboarding course.\\nCourses in keyboarding are available at technical, vocational schools, community colleges and online. The goal is to learn how to touch-type, which will allow you to read text and type it into the computer without having to look at the keyboard. \\nYou will also learn how to create, edit and save documents.\\nTimers will help you increase and accurately count how many words you can type per minute, which is often important to your employer when interviewing for an administrative assistant position.\\nTo improve your typing speed, experts suggest using ergonomic keyboards, which are designed to minimize muscle strain, fatigue, and other problems. \\nTyping.com is one of the free websites online you can use to learn speed typing.\\n1-3. Train for the specifics of your industry.\\nIf you are looking to be an administrative assistant in a specific industry, it is helpful to educate yourself on the practices and terminology which may be used in that industry.\\nFor example, medical industry professionals and legal secretaries need to know the terminology and codes based on the field of work.\\n1-4. Learn informational technology, or IT.\\nAn IT course will be incredibly helpful in learning different software programs you will be expected to use as an administrative assistant. Computer technology is expanding and increasing all of the time. Keep up with the changes by taking an IT course at a local community college or technical school.\\nBecome familiar with the programs included in the Microsoft Office Suite.\\nFocus specifically on Word for word processing, Excel for spreadsheets and Power Point for presentations.\\n1-5. Prepare to learn on the job.\\nMuch of the training you will need will happen in the office after you start. Be prepared for a learning curve the first couple of months after you start your new job as an administrative assistant. Each office is different and will have particular styles, needs and expectations.\\nHave patience and be open to instruction and corrections.\\nAsk questions and follow up by asking if your work is meeting expectations.\\nAsk what you can do to improve your work.\\nSet a check-in meeting with your boss for a few months after your start date to assess your training on the job and track your improvement.\\n2. Applying for a Job as an Administrative Assistant\\n2-1. Create a resume.\\nYour resume should be well-organized and concise. It should lay out your name and contact information followed by your experience, your skills, and your training. Make sure it is easy to read by creating clear, organized sections and columns within each section.\\nList all software programs you can use proficiently.\\nDon’t forget to include volunteer work which may not seem like it directly relates to the office work, but shows your altruism and proves that you are trustworthy.\\nDouble and triple check for grammar and spelling mistakes. This is especially important when applying for this position, which will involve you communicating efficiently and correctly through written word and memos.\\n2-2. Write a cover letter expressing your interest in the position and highlighting the skills which make you excel at the job.\\nMention any experience and courses you have taken to prepare for the position, but also make the letter personalized to the office where you are applying. Tell them what you appreciate about their specific business.\\nDon’t forget to include things which may be missing from your resume, like your trustworthiness, ability to quickly learn on the job, and active communication skills.\\n2-3. Network with others in the field to increase your chances of being hired.\\nHaving someone in the office who can recommend you personally will give you an edge over a perfect stranger to the team. Even speaking to others in the field gives you a better understanding of a day in the life of an administrative assistant, as well as the expectations and tips to get ahead. Someone may even point you toward a job opening.\\nYour immediate network can connect you with their network. For example, the coach or your child’s soccer team can connect you with the other parents.\\nLet people know that you are looking for a job as an administrative assistant. Talk about it with friends and family or on social media and ask to be connected with others in the field.\\n2-4. Submit your cover letter and resume to companies which interest you.\\nYou can submit your resume online through sites like Monster, Indeed, and CareerBuilder. Find companies which really interest you and apply to those first. The more you are passionate about the company, the more likely you will project a positivity and passion for the position.\\nUsing these online sites will be the first step in proving your technical prowess. Take your time and make sure that you are navigating the site and using its features effectively.\\nCreate a profile on LinkedIn. Continue updating the profile as you take more courses or gain experience.\\n2-5. Put yourself out there by applying in person.\\nWhile applying online and having an updated online presence can show you're tech savvy, applying in person can make sure you actually get in the door. Choose one or two places where you would really like to work, go there during business hours, and hand your resume over in person.\\nHave a positive and energetic presence while you are in the office. Show them your personality and smile at everyone you meet.\\nThe employers will likely still want a digital version of your resume. Follow up by also submitting your resume through their online system or in an email.\\n3. Interviewing to be an Administrative Assistant\\n3-1. Project your honesty and integrity.\\nYou may be expected to handle sensitive, personal and private information in this position. This could include medical records, legal documents, and personal identifying information such as social security numbers and bank account information. Prove to your potential employer that you can be trusted with this information.\\nList experience on your resume which shows your altruism, like volunteering work you have done to help others.\\nProvide personal and professional reference your potential employer can call to learn more about your trustworthiness and ethics.\\n3-2. Communicate effectively within your professional environment.\\nAdministrative assistants are expected to interact with other office workers and clients of the company. Work on communicating in a way which is effective, personable and creates a positive atmosphere.\\nInteract in a positive and friendly manner with everyone you are exposed to in the office. This includes anyone you meet before and after the interview.\\nBe an active listener. Focus on what others are saying without interrupting. Repeat back some of what they have said to let them know you understand what they want.\\nDon’t allow the stress of the interview to take over. Use stalling tactics until you can calm yourself. Another option is to insert some humor into the conversation to cut through the tension.\\n3-3. Find a place for everything.\\nA big part of the job of administrative assistant is organization. This includes files and folders, data, and schedules. Learn to keep yourself organized and show it when you go into an interview.\\nBe on time. Bring a planner. Have your resume, reference letters and any other paperwork organized in a folder and know where to access it.\\nShow organization and planning skills with simple preparation like bringing your own pen.\\n3-4. Create an organizational system.\\nTake your resources, assess the performance capacity you have based on people power, budget, and materials. Take actions within your resources to create the outcome and output you desire. Gather feedback from your clients, community or staff and adjust your strategy accordingly.\\nThis is a basic diagram for creating an organizational system, which can be applied in multiple circumstances. Use this system to keep your job applications organized and improve your future interviews through feedback from your past interviews.\\nLearn the resources and system of the office you are applying at and don’t be afraid to suggest some changes to improve the outcome and output of their current system.\\nTips\\nPractice your skills while job hunting.\\nKeep trying and don't feel discouraged by rejections! There are many jobs available.\\nSpeak to people who already work as administrators. Ask them what a typical day is like.\\nWarnings\\nOffice work may be boring for some, especially on slow days.\\nAdministrative Assistants are sometimes underappreciated in the workplace, and the praise they do get from upper management may be minimal compared to other departments like sales that generate money for the company.\\nThis work may also be stressful with tight deadlines and heavy workloads, depending on the company or work environment.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"As the economy continues to improve, more companies are growing and requiring help to stay organized. Administrative assistants can be invaluable to keeping a company running smoothly. Keep up to date on your computer and communication skills to show a potential employer that you are the person who can help their business stay on track.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing for a Job as an Administrative Assistant\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Graduate from high school.\", \"描述\": \"A high school diploma and a little training is all you need to become an administrative assistant. It is not necessary to have a college degree, but a little training from a technical school or community college can give you the extra edge to appeal to a potential employer.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Increase your typing speed and accuracy by taking a keyboarding course.\", \"描述\": \"Courses in keyboarding are available at technical, vocational schools, community colleges and online. The goal is to learn how to touch-type, which will allow you to read text and type it into the computer without having to look at the keyboard. \\nYou will also learn how to create, edit and save documents.\\nTimers will help you increase and accurately count how many words you can type per minute, which is often important to your employer when interviewing for an administrative assistant position.\\nTo improve your typing speed, experts suggest using ergonomic keyboards, which are designed to minimize muscle strain, fatigue, and other problems. \\nTyping.com is one of the free websites online you can use to learn speed typing.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Train for the specifics of your industry.\", \"描述\": \"If you are looking to be an administrative assistant in a specific industry, it is helpful to educate yourself on the practices and terminology which may be used in that industry.\\nFor example, medical industry professionals and legal secretaries need to know the terminology and codes based on the field of work.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn informational technology, or IT.\", \"描述\": \"An IT course will be incredibly helpful in learning different software programs you will be expected to use as an administrative assistant. Computer technology is expanding and increasing all of the time. Keep up with the changes by taking an IT course at a local community college or technical school.\\nBecome familiar with the programs included in the Microsoft Office Suite.\\nFocus specifically on Word for word processing, Excel for spreadsheets and Power Point for presentations.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Prepare to learn on the job.\", \"描述\": \"Much of the training you will need will happen in the office after you start. Be prepared for a learning curve the first couple of months after you start your new job as an administrative assistant. Each office is different and will have particular styles, needs and expectations.\\nHave patience and be open to instruction and corrections.\\nAsk questions and follow up by asking if your work is meeting expectations.\\nAsk what you can do to improve your work.\\nSet a check-in meeting with your boss for a few months after your start date to assess your training on the job and track your improvement.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Applying for a Job as an Administrative Assistant\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Create a resume.\", \"描述\": \"Your resume should be well-organized and concise. It should lay out your name and contact information followed by your experience, your skills, and your training. Make sure it is easy to read by creating clear, organized sections and columns within each section.\\nList all software programs you can use proficiently.\\nDon’t forget to include volunteer work which may not seem like it directly relates to the office work, but shows your altruism and proves that you are trustworthy.\\nDouble and triple check for grammar and spelling mistakes. This is especially important when applying for this position, which will involve you communicating efficiently and correctly through written word and memos.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Write a cover letter expressing your interest in the position and highlighting the skills which make you excel at the job.\", \"描述\": \"Mention any experience and courses you have taken to prepare for the position, but also make the letter personalized to the office where you are applying. Tell them what you appreciate about their specific business.\\nDon’t forget to include things which may be missing from your resume, like your trustworthiness, ability to quickly learn on the job, and active communication skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Network with others in the field to increase your chances of being hired.\", \"描述\": \"Having someone in the office who can recommend you personally will give you an edge over a perfect stranger to the team. Even speaking to others in the field gives you a better understanding of a day in the life of an administrative assistant, as well as the expectations and tips to get ahead. Someone may even point you toward a job opening.\\nYour immediate network can connect you with their network. For example, the coach or your child’s soccer team can connect you with the other parents.\\nLet people know that you are looking for a job as an administrative assistant. Talk about it with friends and family or on social media and ask to be connected with others in the field.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Submit your cover letter and resume to companies which interest you.\", \"描述\": \"You can submit your resume online through sites like Monster, Indeed, and CareerBuilder. Find companies which really interest you and apply to those first. The more you are passionate about the company, the more likely you will project a positivity and passion for the position.\\nUsing these online sites will be the first step in proving your technical prowess. Take your time and make sure that you are navigating the site and using its features effectively.\\nCreate a profile on LinkedIn. Continue updating the profile as you take more courses or gain experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Put yourself out there by applying in person.\", \"描述\": \"While applying online and having an updated online presence can show you're tech savvy, applying in person can make sure you actually get in the door. Choose one or two places where you would really like to work, go there during business hours, and hand your resume over in person.\\nHave a positive and energetic presence while you are in the office. Show them your personality and smile at everyone you meet.\\nThe employers will likely still want a digital version of your resume. Follow up by also submitting your resume through their online system or in an email.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Interviewing to be an Administrative Assistant\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Project your honesty and integrity.\", \"描述\": \"You may be expected to handle sensitive, personal and private information in this position. This could include medical records, legal documents, and personal identifying information such as social security numbers and bank account information. Prove to your potential employer that you can be trusted with this information.\\nList experience on your resume which shows your altruism, like volunteering work you have done to help others.\\nProvide personal and professional reference your potential employer can call to learn more about your trustworthiness and ethics.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Communicate effectively within your professional environment.\", \"描述\": \"Administrative assistants are expected to interact with other office workers and clients of the company. Work on communicating in a way which is effective, personable and creates a positive atmosphere.\\nInteract in a positive and friendly manner with everyone you are exposed to in the office. This includes anyone you meet before and after the interview.\\nBe an active listener. Focus on what others are saying without interrupting. Repeat back some of what they have said to let them know you understand what they want.\\nDon’t allow the stress of the interview to take over. Use stalling tactics until you can calm yourself. Another option is to insert some humor into the conversation to cut through the tension.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find a place for everything.\", \"描述\": \"A big part of the job of administrative assistant is organization. This includes files and folders, data, and schedules. Learn to keep yourself organized and show it when you go into an interview.\\nBe on time. Bring a planner. Have your resume, reference letters and any other paperwork organized in a folder and know where to access it.\\nShow organization and planning skills with simple preparation like bringing your own pen.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Create an organizational system.\", \"描述\": \"Take your resources, assess the performance capacity you have based on people power, budget, and materials. Take actions within your resources to create the outcome and output you desire. Gather feedback from your clients, community or staff and adjust your strategy accordingly.\\nThis is a basic diagram for creating an organizational system, which can be applied in multiple circumstances. Use this system to keep your job applications organized and improve your future interviews through feedback from your past interviews.\\nLearn the resources and system of the office you are applying at and don’t be afraid to suggest some changes to improve the outcome and output of their current system.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Practice your skills while job hunting.\\n\", \"Keep trying and don't feel discouraged by rejections! There are many jobs available.\\n\", \"Speak to people who already work as administrators. Ask them what a typical day is like.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Office work may be boring for some, especially on slow days.\\n\", \"Administrative Assistants are sometimes underappreciated in the workplace, and the praise they do get from upper management may be minimal compared to other departments like sales that generate money for the company.\\n\", \"This work may also be stressful with tight deadlines and heavy workloads, depending on the company or work environment.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,908 |
How to Become an Administrator on a Mac
|
1. Steps
1-1. Go to System Preferences, if you're already on the user whom you want to be Administrator of.
This should be on your dock.
1-2. Go to "Users and Groups", which is under "System".
Once there, you should see a bar with all of the users. Yours (the current user) should be on top.
Click on the lock at the bottom of the screen.
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Type in a current Administrator's username and password in the spaces provided. If you don't have access to this information, you probably shouldn't be Admin on that computer.
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1-3. Click on the "Allow user to administer this computer" button.
A pop-up should come up, saying that, for these changes to take effect, you must restart your computer. Do so, and your user should be an Admin and have Admin powers!
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|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:09",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Go to System Preferences, if you're already on the user whom you want to be Administrator of.\\nThis should be on your dock.\\n1-2. Go to \\\"Users and Groups\\\", which is under \\\"System\\\".\\nOnce there, you should see a bar with all of the users. Yours (the current user) should be on top.\\nClick on the lock at the bottom of the screen.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/8\\\\/87\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet1.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/8\\\\/87\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet1.jpg\\\\/aid3609569-v4-728px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nType in a current Administrator's username and password in the spaces provided. If you don't have access to this information, you probably shouldn't be Admin on that computer.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/0\\\\/0a\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet2.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/0\\\\/0a\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet2.jpg\\\\/aid3609569-v4-728px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\n1-3. Click on the \\\"Allow user to administer this computer\\\" button.\\nA pop-up should come up, saying that, for these changes to take effect, you must restart your computer. Do so, and your user should be an Admin and have Admin powers!\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/5\\\\/5c\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-5.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-5.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/5\\\\/5c\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-5.jpg\\\\/aid3609569-v4-728px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-5.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This article is for Mac users who want to be an administrator, or more commonly, \\\"Admin\\\" on their computer, but don't know how. Read on to find out!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Go to System Preferences, if you're already on the user whom you want to be Administrator of.\", \"描述\": \"This should be on your dock.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go to \\\"Users and Groups\\\", which is under \\\"System\\\".\", \"描述\": \"Once there, you should see a bar with all of the users. Yours (the current user) should be on top.\\nClick on the lock at the bottom of the screen.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/8\\\\/87\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet1.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/8\\\\/87\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet1.jpg\\\\/aid3609569-v4-728px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nType in a current Administrator's username and password in the spaces provided. If you don't have access to this information, you probably shouldn't be Admin on that computer.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/0\\\\/0a\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet2.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/0\\\\/0a\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet2.jpg\\\\/aid3609569-v4-728px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-3Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Click on the \\\"Allow user to administer this computer\\\" button.\", \"描述\": \"A pop-up should come up, saying that, for these changes to take effect, you must restart your computer. Do so, and your user should be an Admin and have Admin powers!\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/5\\\\/5c\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-5.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-5.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/5\\\\/5c\\\\/Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-5.jpg\\\\/aid3609569-v4-728px-Become-an-Administrator-on-a-Mac-Step-5.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,909 |
How to Become an Adult
|
1. Living an Adult Lifestyle
1-1. Complete your education.
At the very least, earn a high school diploma or GED. If you can, however, consider going for a college Associates or Bachelors degree. This will improve your chances at landing a well-paying job that you enjoy. Afterwards, you can even go back to college and earn a Masters or PhD degree. This will improve your chances of landing that job.
Find something you love to stick with in school, and this will likely give you a purpose in your adult life.
1-2. Get a job.
Diligently search online job hunting sites, newspaper classifieds, or get to know people in your field that might have job opportunities for you to start earning a paycheck. Once you have a job, get to work on time every day, do your work consistently, and find opportunities to learn; this will show your worth as a responsible employee.
Submit quality cover letters and resumes that show your education and experience when applying to jobs.
Don’t forget to ask questions in job interviews, and research the company ahead of time.
1-3. Become financially independent.
Get a job with a consistent and large enough paycheck to cover all of your expenses, and don’t rely on parents or others to provide for your bills, spending money, or other finances.
You may have to cut back on a few luxuries at first, such as going out every Saturday night, until you earn a higher wage.
Learn how to budget your expenses. This will help make you more financially independent.
1-4. Get health, vehicle, and renters/homeowners insurance.
When you’re of age, research and choose an insurance company for your health insurance and start paying premiums. If you have or plan to get a car, house, or apartment, you need insurance to cover those things, too.
Insurance is important because it will help keep costs down in the case of emergencies.
In some instances, you may not be able to own a car or rent an apartment without insurance.
1-5. Find an apartment/house of your own.
Find an apartment or house to rent or buy by searching online, in newspaper classifieds, or at an apartment finder service. You should find something that charges reasonable rent and that’s in a condition and area that makes you feel safe and healthy. Ideally, choose something that is close to work and other activities, and that you can afford to live in without roommates.
Keep in mind that you often get what you pay for. If something is cheap, make sure that it's not a scam and that the surrounding area is safe.
1-6. Have reliable transportation.
Depending on what town or city you live in, buy a vehicle or find public transportation routes that you can easily use. You can find less expensive used cars at used car dealers, online, or in newspaper classifieds. You can often buy bus, train, or subway passes for less when you buy them for frequent use over long periods of time.
If you plan on taking public transportation to work, check with your employer so see if they cover monthly passes; some employers offer that as a benefit.
1-7. Travel the country or world.
Save money and plan to travel to new places in order to experience new things, people, and ways of life.
1-8. Seek committed relationships.
Focus on committing to both friendships and romantic relationships that you see as lasting, with people that are also mature, responsible, and kind to you. Don’t waste time on flings or with people you know won’t last, and cut out anyone that brings out the worst in you.
Keep in mind that not all relationships will work out. If a relationship starts to turn toxic, cut it off; don't let it drag on.
1-9. Take responsibility for your actions.
Recognize that everything you do has a consequence, and you are in control of the outcome of your life through your own words and actions. See that both good and bad actions, and their outcomes, are your choice.
For example, if you want to get into a great college or university, you have to do well in school.
Alternatively, if you talked back to that former boss of yours, you won't be able to use him/her as a reference for a job you really want.
2. Acquiring Responsible Habits
2-1. Be on time to everything.
Be somewhere if you say you will be, and show up on time; a basic sign of responsibility and respect.
2-2. Use money wisely.
Make budgets for your weekly spending on coffee, shopping, groceries, etc., and stick to it. Set a certain fixed amount or percentage of your paycheck that will go directly into a savings account that you don’t spend from.
You can also put money into a retirement fund, or invest it in the stock market with the help of an investor or a phone app.
2-3. Pay off bills, debts, and loans regularly.
Set up auto-payments, email or text alerts, or other methods to easily pay or remind yourself to make payments on time, on a consistent basis. Pay your full credit card or loan balance if you can to avoid incurring interest and fees.
If you don't want to use an auto-payment system, then make it a habit to check your outstanding balances each week or month, and pay them off then.
2-4. Organize your possessions.
Store and organize things in your apartment or home in a logical way that will make being on time, put-together, and responsible much easier. Buy simple storage bins or closet organizers to reduce clutter and make things easy to find.
Put the following on hangers: coats, dresses, nice pants and skirts, button-down shirts, and nice blouses.
Fold the following into drawers: jeans, T-shirts, underwear, socks, and sweaters.
3. Changing Your Mindset
3-1. Let go of childish behavior you still have.
Recognize if you have these common tendencies and work on changing them through simple intention, mental exercises, or therapy:
Sulking, whining, or complaining,
Manipulating others to get sympathy
Continually seeking direction from others
Acting in a disorganized or irresponsible way
Procrastinating, carelessness, and frequently being late
Driving recklessly, or acting without regard to yours or others’ health and safety.
3-2. Make independent decisions.
Make choices in your life, whether they’re about colleges, jobs, relationships, or goals, because they are important to you and make you happy, not because your parents, friends, or other people tell you that you should.
When you're first starting out on your own, it can feel strange to make decisions on your own without anyone holding your hand. However, keep in mind that every problem has a solution, and if you break the issue down step-by-step, you can find that solution.
It is perfectly fine to ask other people for advice. In the end, however, you should be the one making the decision. For example, you can ask your friends which doctor they recommend, but in the end, you should choose your doctor—not your friends.
3-3. Like the things you like.
It may sound obvious, but just own up to the things you genuinely enjoy and that make you happy. If you like a band that most people you know would deem corny or outdated, don’t make excuses or say that you like them in an ironic, joking way; just enjoy them.
Don't force yourself to like something just because everyone else likes it. If you hate a certain popular band, then you don't have to listen to them.
3-4. Respect authority figures, without needing their constant approval.
Let go of any tendency to rebel against or defy those older than you or in a superior position. Listen respectfully to those above you, and know that just because you’re an adult doesn’t mean you don’t have to listen to others. On the other hand, don’t do everything you do just to seek approval of superiors in your school, work, or social life.
For example, if your boss tells you a report is due, complete the report on time. Don’t seek your boss's approval until after every section of the report is complete.
3-5. Seek out constructive criticism.
First, listen carefully to everything the person has to say about you or your performance. Then, decide which parts of their feedback you agree or disagree with, and what could be helpful to you. Finally, respond to them with mature and genuine questions, concerns, and thanks.
Remember to take criticism with a grain of salt. If you feel that something might actually make things worse, then don't do it.
3-6. Develop goals and stick to them.
Make goals that are both readily attainable (such as “Make a new friend this week” or “Go somewhere you’ve never been”) and more long-term (such as “Become a chef in a 5-star restaurant” or “Save enough money for a house”). Write your goals down to keep them in your mind, and reward yourself every time you attain one.
It's okay to adjust your goals. If you realize that your goal may not be realistic, then modify it so that it is.
Use goals for self-improvement and to break bad habits or addictions.
Think about where you want to be when you retire. It might seem like a long way off, but by focusing on your long-term plans, you can make sure each step brings you closer to that goal.
3-7. Don’t blame others for your mistakes; own them.
When something goes wrong, avoid blaming other people or circumstances for the problem. Instead, follow this process to recognizing your mistakes without shame and using them to create better circumstances:
Acknowledge when you’ve made a mistake
Do whatever is possible to correct it
Think of how you can prevent it from happening again
Come up with a mantra or a phrase to repeat in your head to avoid shame, such as, “It’s over and it won’t happen again.”
Tips
Use the information that's at your fingertips—if you run into a problem, look up how other people have solved that issue. You don't always have to reinvent the wheel.[14]
X
Expert Source
Michelle Shahbazyan, MS, MALife Coach
Expert Interview. 22 April 2020.
Don’t compare where you are in becoming an adult with those around you. Everyone accomplishes levels of independence at different times and ages!
Be willing to toss out every suggestion this list and live life your own way. "Adulthood" is a social construct that changes meaning with different cultures. Ultimately, you get to decide how to live your life.
Warnings
Don’t try to rush the process of growing up! Nearly every older person you talk to will say that their youth was the best part of their life and they wished they appreciated it more at the time.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:09",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Living an Adult Lifestyle\\n1-1. Complete your education.\\nAt the very least, earn a high school diploma or GED. If you can, however, consider going for a college Associates or Bachelors degree. This will improve your chances at landing a well-paying job that you enjoy. Afterwards, you can even go back to college and earn a Masters or PhD degree. This will improve your chances of landing that job.\\nFind something you love to stick with in school, and this will likely give you a purpose in your adult life.\\n1-2. Get a job.\\nDiligently search online job hunting sites, newspaper classifieds, or get to know people in your field that might have job opportunities for you to start earning a paycheck. Once you have a job, get to work on time every day, do your work consistently, and find opportunities to learn; this will show your worth as a responsible employee.\\nSubmit quality cover letters and resumes that show your education and experience when applying to jobs.\\nDon’t forget to ask questions in job interviews, and research the company ahead of time.\\n1-3. Become financially independent.\\nGet a job with a consistent and large enough paycheck to cover all of your expenses, and don’t rely on parents or others to provide for your bills, spending money, or other finances.\\nYou may have to cut back on a few luxuries at first, such as going out every Saturday night, until you earn a higher wage.\\nLearn how to budget your expenses. This will help make you more financially independent.\\n1-4. Get health, vehicle, and renters/homeowners insurance.\\nWhen you’re of age, research and choose an insurance company for your health insurance and start paying premiums. If you have or plan to get a car, house, or apartment, you need insurance to cover those things, too.\\nInsurance is important because it will help keep costs down in the case of emergencies.\\nIn some instances, you may not be able to own a car or rent an apartment without insurance.\\n1-5. Find an apartment/house of your own.\\nFind an apartment or house to rent or buy by searching online, in newspaper classifieds, or at an apartment finder service. You should find something that charges reasonable rent and that’s in a condition and area that makes you feel safe and healthy. Ideally, choose something that is close to work and other activities, and that you can afford to live in without roommates.\\nKeep in mind that you often get what you pay for. If something is cheap, make sure that it's not a scam and that the surrounding area is safe.\\n1-6. Have reliable transportation.\\nDepending on what town or city you live in, buy a vehicle or find public transportation routes that you can easily use. You can find less expensive used cars at used car dealers, online, or in newspaper classifieds. You can often buy bus, train, or subway passes for less when you buy them for frequent use over long periods of time.\\nIf you plan on taking public transportation to work, check with your employer so see if they cover monthly passes; some employers offer that as a benefit.\\n1-7. Travel the country or world.\\nSave money and plan to travel to new places in order to experience new things, people, and ways of life.\\n1-8. Seek committed relationships.\\nFocus on committing to both friendships and romantic relationships that you see as lasting, with people that are also mature, responsible, and kind to you. Don’t waste time on flings or with people you know won’t last, and cut out anyone that brings out the worst in you.\\nKeep in mind that not all relationships will work out. If a relationship starts to turn toxic, cut it off; don't let it drag on.\\n1-9. Take responsibility for your actions.\\nRecognize that everything you do has a consequence, and you are in control of the outcome of your life through your own words and actions. See that both good and bad actions, and their outcomes, are your choice.\\nFor example, if you want to get into a great college or university, you have to do well in school.\\nAlternatively, if you talked back to that former boss of yours, you won't be able to use him/her as a reference for a job you really want.\\n2. Acquiring Responsible Habits\\n2-1. Be on time to everything.\\nBe somewhere if you say you will be, and show up on time; a basic sign of responsibility and respect.\\n2-2. Use money wisely.\\nMake budgets for your weekly spending on coffee, shopping, groceries, etc., and stick to it. Set a certain fixed amount or percentage of your paycheck that will go directly into a savings account that you don’t spend from.\\nYou can also put money into a retirement fund, or invest it in the stock market with the help of an investor or a phone app.\\n2-3. Pay off bills, debts, and loans regularly.\\nSet up auto-payments, email or text alerts, or other methods to easily pay or remind yourself to make payments on time, on a consistent basis. Pay your full credit card or loan balance if you can to avoid incurring interest and fees.\\nIf you don't want to use an auto-payment system, then make it a habit to check your outstanding balances each week or month, and pay them off then.\\n2-4. Organize your possessions.\\nStore and organize things in your apartment or home in a logical way that will make being on time, put-together, and responsible much easier. Buy simple storage bins or closet organizers to reduce clutter and make things easy to find.\\nPut the following on hangers: coats, dresses, nice pants and skirts, button-down shirts, and nice blouses.\\nFold the following into drawers: jeans, T-shirts, underwear, socks, and sweaters.\\n3. Changing Your Mindset\\n3-1. Let go of childish behavior you still have.\\nRecognize if you have these common tendencies and work on changing them through simple intention, mental exercises, or therapy:\\nSulking, whining, or complaining,\\nManipulating others to get sympathy\\nContinually seeking direction from others\\nActing in a disorganized or irresponsible way\\nProcrastinating, carelessness, and frequently being late\\nDriving recklessly, or acting without regard to yours or others’ health and safety.\\n3-2. Make independent decisions.\\nMake choices in your life, whether they’re about colleges, jobs, relationships, or goals, because they are important to you and make you happy, not because your parents, friends, or other people tell you that you should.\\nWhen you're first starting out on your own, it can feel strange to make decisions on your own without anyone holding your hand. However, keep in mind that every problem has a solution, and if you break the issue down step-by-step, you can find that solution.\\nIt is perfectly fine to ask other people for advice. In the end, however, you should be the one making the decision. For example, you can ask your friends which doctor they recommend, but in the end, you should choose your doctor—not your friends.\\n3-3. Like the things you like.\\nIt may sound obvious, but just own up to the things you genuinely enjoy and that make you happy. If you like a band that most people you know would deem corny or outdated, don’t make excuses or say that you like them in an ironic, joking way; just enjoy them.\\nDon't force yourself to like something just because everyone else likes it. If you hate a certain popular band, then you don't have to listen to them.\\n3-4. Respect authority figures, without needing their constant approval.\\nLet go of any tendency to rebel against or defy those older than you or in a superior position. Listen respectfully to those above you, and know that just because you’re an adult doesn’t mean you don’t have to listen to others. On the other hand, don’t do everything you do just to seek approval of superiors in your school, work, or social life.\\nFor example, if your boss tells you a report is due, complete the report on time. Don’t seek your boss's approval until after every section of the report is complete.\\n3-5. Seek out constructive criticism.\\nFirst, listen carefully to everything the person has to say about you or your performance. Then, decide which parts of their feedback you agree or disagree with, and what could be helpful to you. Finally, respond to them with mature and genuine questions, concerns, and thanks.\\nRemember to take criticism with a grain of salt. If you feel that something might actually make things worse, then don't do it.\\n3-6. Develop goals and stick to them.\\nMake goals that are both readily attainable (such as “Make a new friend this week” or “Go somewhere you’ve never been”) and more long-term (such as “Become a chef in a 5-star restaurant” or “Save enough money for a house”). Write your goals down to keep them in your mind, and reward yourself every time you attain one.\\nIt's okay to adjust your goals. If you realize that your goal may not be realistic, then modify it so that it is.\\nUse goals for self-improvement and to break bad habits or addictions.\\nThink about where you want to be when you retire. It might seem like a long way off, but by focusing on your long-term plans, you can make sure each step brings you closer to that goal.\\n3-7. Don’t blame others for your mistakes; own them.\\nWhen something goes wrong, avoid blaming other people or circumstances for the problem. Instead, follow this process to recognizing your mistakes without shame and using them to create better circumstances:\\nAcknowledge when you’ve made a mistake\\nDo whatever is possible to correct it\\nThink of how you can prevent it from happening again\\nCome up with a mantra or a phrase to repeat in your head to avoid shame, such as, “It’s over and it won’t happen again.”\\nTips\\nUse the information that's at your fingertips—if you run into a problem, look up how other people have solved that issue. You don't always have to reinvent the wheel.[14]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nMichelle Shahbazyan, MS, MALife Coach\\nExpert Interview. 22 April 2020.\\nDon’t compare where you are in becoming an adult with those around you. Everyone accomplishes levels of independence at different times and ages!\\nBe willing to toss out every suggestion this list and live life your own way. \\\"Adulthood\\\" is a social construct that changes meaning with different cultures. Ultimately, you get to decide how to live your life.\\nWarnings\\nDon’t try to rush the process of growing up! Nearly every older person you talk to will say that their youth was the best part of their life and they wished they appreciated it more at the time.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"It can be difficult to make the transition from childhood or adolescence to becoming a capable adult. Everyone has a different version of what it means to be an adult, but there are some common goals to achieve in order to function as an independent person and make your way through life on your own merit, without the help of parents or guardians.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Living an Adult Lifestyle\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete your education.\", \"描述\": \"At the very least, earn a high school diploma or GED. If you can, however, consider going for a college Associates or Bachelors degree. This will improve your chances at landing a well-paying job that you enjoy. Afterwards, you can even go back to college and earn a Masters or PhD degree. This will improve your chances of landing that job.\\nFind something you love to stick with in school, and this will likely give you a purpose in your adult life.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a job.\", \"描述\": \"Diligently search online job hunting sites, newspaper classifieds, or get to know people in your field that might have job opportunities for you to start earning a paycheck. Once you have a job, get to work on time every day, do your work consistently, and find opportunities to learn; this will show your worth as a responsible employee.\\nSubmit quality cover letters and resumes that show your education and experience when applying to jobs.\\nDon’t forget to ask questions in job interviews, and research the company ahead of time.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Become financially independent.\", \"描述\": \"Get a job with a consistent and large enough paycheck to cover all of your expenses, and don’t rely on parents or others to provide for your bills, spending money, or other finances.\\nYou may have to cut back on a few luxuries at first, such as going out every Saturday night, until you earn a higher wage.\\nLearn how to budget your expenses. This will help make you more financially independent.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get health, vehicle, and renters/homeowners insurance.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re of age, research and choose an insurance company for your health insurance and start paying premiums. If you have or plan to get a car, house, or apartment, you need insurance to cover those things, too.\\nInsurance is important because it will help keep costs down in the case of emergencies.\\nIn some instances, you may not be able to own a car or rent an apartment without insurance.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Find an apartment/house of your own.\", \"描述\": \"Find an apartment or house to rent or buy by searching online, in newspaper classifieds, or at an apartment finder service. You should find something that charges reasonable rent and that’s in a condition and area that makes you feel safe and healthy. Ideally, choose something that is close to work and other activities, and that you can afford to live in without roommates.\\nKeep in mind that you often get what you pay for. If something is cheap, make sure that it's not a scam and that the surrounding area is safe.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Have reliable transportation.\", \"描述\": \"Depending on what town or city you live in, buy a vehicle or find public transportation routes that you can easily use. You can find less expensive used cars at used car dealers, online, or in newspaper classifieds. You can often buy bus, train, or subway passes for less when you buy them for frequent use over long periods of time.\\nIf you plan on taking public transportation to work, check with your employer so see if they cover monthly passes; some employers offer that as a benefit.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Travel the country or world.\", \"描述\": \"Save money and plan to travel to new places in order to experience new things, people, and ways of life.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Seek committed relationships.\", \"描述\": \"Focus on committing to both friendships and romantic relationships that you see as lasting, with people that are also mature, responsible, and kind to you. Don’t waste time on flings or with people you know won’t last, and cut out anyone that brings out the worst in you.\\nKeep in mind that not all relationships will work out. If a relationship starts to turn toxic, cut it off; don't let it drag on.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Take responsibility for your actions.\", \"描述\": \"Recognize that everything you do has a consequence, and you are in control of the outcome of your life through your own words and actions. See that both good and bad actions, and their outcomes, are your choice.\\nFor example, if you want to get into a great college or university, you have to do well in school.\\nAlternatively, if you talked back to that former boss of yours, you won't be able to use him/her as a reference for a job you really want.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Acquiring Responsible Habits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be on time to everything.\", \"描述\": \"Be somewhere if you say you will be, and show up on time; a basic sign of responsibility and respect.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use money wisely.\", \"描述\": \"Make budgets for your weekly spending on coffee, shopping, groceries, etc., and stick to it. Set a certain fixed amount or percentage of your paycheck that will go directly into a savings account that you don’t spend from.\\nYou can also put money into a retirement fund, or invest it in the stock market with the help of an investor or a phone app.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pay off bills, debts, and loans regularly.\", \"描述\": \"Set up auto-payments, email or text alerts, or other methods to easily pay or remind yourself to make payments on time, on a consistent basis. Pay your full credit card or loan balance if you can to avoid incurring interest and fees.\\nIf you don't want to use an auto-payment system, then make it a habit to check your outstanding balances each week or month, and pay them off then.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Organize your possessions.\", \"描述\": \"Store and organize things in your apartment or home in a logical way that will make being on time, put-together, and responsible much easier. Buy simple storage bins or closet organizers to reduce clutter and make things easy to find.\\nPut the following on hangers: coats, dresses, nice pants and skirts, button-down shirts, and nice blouses.\\nFold the following into drawers: jeans, T-shirts, underwear, socks, and sweaters.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Changing Your Mindset\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Let go of childish behavior you still have.\", \"描述\": \"Recognize if you have these common tendencies and work on changing them through simple intention, mental exercises, or therapy:\\nSulking, whining, or complaining,\\nManipulating others to get sympathy\\nContinually seeking direction from others\\nActing in a disorganized or irresponsible way\\nProcrastinating, carelessness, and frequently being late\\nDriving recklessly, or acting without regard to yours or others’ health and safety.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make independent decisions.\", \"描述\": \"Make choices in your life, whether they’re about colleges, jobs, relationships, or goals, because they are important to you and make you happy, not because your parents, friends, or other people tell you that you should.\\nWhen you're first starting out on your own, it can feel strange to make decisions on your own without anyone holding your hand. However, keep in mind that every problem has a solution, and if you break the issue down step-by-step, you can find that solution.\\nIt is perfectly fine to ask other people for advice. In the end, however, you should be the one making the decision. For example, you can ask your friends which doctor they recommend, but in the end, you should choose your doctor—not your friends.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Like the things you like.\", \"描述\": \"It may sound obvious, but just own up to the things you genuinely enjoy and that make you happy. If you like a band that most people you know would deem corny or outdated, don’t make excuses or say that you like them in an ironic, joking way; just enjoy them.\\nDon't force yourself to like something just because everyone else likes it. If you hate a certain popular band, then you don't have to listen to them.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Respect authority figures, without needing their constant approval.\", \"描述\": \"Let go of any tendency to rebel against or defy those older than you or in a superior position. Listen respectfully to those above you, and know that just because you’re an adult doesn’t mean you don’t have to listen to others. On the other hand, don’t do everything you do just to seek approval of superiors in your school, work, or social life.\\nFor example, if your boss tells you a report is due, complete the report on time. Don’t seek your boss's approval until after every section of the report is complete.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Seek out constructive criticism.\", \"描述\": \"First, listen carefully to everything the person has to say about you or your performance. Then, decide which parts of their feedback you agree or disagree with, and what could be helpful to you. Finally, respond to them with mature and genuine questions, concerns, and thanks.\\nRemember to take criticism with a grain of salt. If you feel that something might actually make things worse, then don't do it.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Develop goals and stick to them.\", \"描述\": \"Make goals that are both readily attainable (such as “Make a new friend this week” or “Go somewhere you’ve never been”) and more long-term (such as “Become a chef in a 5-star restaurant” or “Save enough money for a house”). Write your goals down to keep them in your mind, and reward yourself every time you attain one.\\nIt's okay to adjust your goals. If you realize that your goal may not be realistic, then modify it so that it is.\\nUse goals for self-improvement and to break bad habits or addictions.\\nThink about where you want to be when you retire. It might seem like a long way off, but by focusing on your long-term plans, you can make sure each step brings you closer to that goal.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Don’t blame others for your mistakes; own them.\", \"描述\": \"When something goes wrong, avoid blaming other people or circumstances for the problem. Instead, follow this process to recognizing your mistakes without shame and using them to create better circumstances:\\nAcknowledge when you’ve made a mistake\\nDo whatever is possible to correct it\\nThink of how you can prevent it from happening again\\nCome up with a mantra or a phrase to repeat in your head to avoid shame, such as, “It’s over and it won’t happen again.”\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Use the information that's at your fingertips—if you run into a problem, look up how other people have solved that issue. You don't always have to reinvent the wheel.[14]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nMichelle Shahbazyan, MS, MALife Coach\\nExpert Interview. 22 April 2020.\\n\", \"Don’t compare where you are in becoming an adult with those around you. Everyone accomplishes levels of independence at different times and ages!\\n\", \"Be willing to toss out every suggestion this list and live life your own way. \\\"Adulthood\\\" is a social construct that changes meaning with different cultures. Ultimately, you get to decide how to live your life.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don’t try to rush the process of growing up! Nearly every older person you talk to will say that their youth was the best part of their life and they wished they appreciated it more at the time.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,910 |
How to Become an Advanced English Speaker
|
1. Listening to English Speakers
1-1. Pay attention to people when they speak English.
Whenever you notice someone around you speaking English, try to understand what they’re saying. As you improve your English speaking ability, you’ll be better able to comprehend what people are saying when they’re speaking English to other people.
Native English speakers can sometimes talk really quickly and be difficult to understand. Work to comprehend what they’re saying by paying close attention.
Don’t be rude and eavesdrop on someone just because they’re speaking English, but listening to what they’re saying can help you build your English speaking ability.
1-2. Watch English television to hear how the language sounds.
Put on the news or watch a program that uses only English so you can hear how certain words and phrases are used. Go to the movies to watch English-speaking movies. The more you hear the English language, the more natural you’ll sound when you speak it.
Look for news programs such as BBC Worlds, which can be found online as well.
Purchase or rent English-speaking movies so you can watch them at home.
Select English subtitles so you can see the English translation while you’re watching TV or a movie in your native language.
1-3. Listen to English-speaking radio to improve your comprehension.
Tune into radio stations that speak English and pay close attention to what people are saying and how they’re saying it so you can work to sound more natural when you speak. In addition, listen to the songs that are sung in English so you can get better and understanding the language and learning the phrases people use.
Download a radio application to your computer, smartphone, or tablet so you can listen to English radio stations even if you don’t have any playing in your area.
1-4. Download English podcasts to your computer, smartphone, or tablet.
Podcasts are radio programs that you can download and listen to at any time. They’re great to use to improve your English speaking because of how many different types there are. You can choose from podcasts that discuss popular culture, news, music, history, and many other topics. Find one that interests you with hosts that you like and listen to them when you get a free moment.
You’ll also learn something about the topic the podcast discusses.
On a smartphone or tablet, use a podcast application to download episodes.
Download podcasts designed to help you learn English such as Voice of America: Learning English or LearnEnglish Podcasts from the British Council.
2. Reading and Writing in English
2-1. Write in English as often as you can to improve your understanding.
Spend time writing essays or blog posts in English so you can practice your written English and improve your writing ability. Being able to write well in English will help you become an advanced speaker of the language.
Keep a journal that you can use to practice writing in English.
Journaling allows you to write without being judged.
Practice writing essays. It teaches you to put your ideas in the form of proper text.
Create a social media post or a blog entry in English so you can practice.
2-2. Consult a dictionary or thesaurus to learn new words.
If you hear or learn a new English word that you don’t know the meaning of, search for it in a dictionary to find the definition of it. A thesaurus can help you find words that have a similar meaning, so you can have a full and robust knowledge of the English language.
Learn the phonetic notation used in your dictionary so you see how a word is pronounced as well.
Use a thesaurus whenever you’re writing in English and want to use different wording.
2-3. Read in English to improve your comprehension.
Whether they’re works of fiction such as the Harry Potter series or non-fiction, such as news or academic articles, choose to read in English as often as you can. You will become better acquainted with the written rules of the language, which will help you speak English better.
Read books prepared for your level of English. For example, if you’re new to reading English, try reading books written for middle readers or young adults so the language is a little simpler and you can practice.
Remember, it is not about how fast you read. Take your time to make sure you understand the text.
Read daily and read out loud books, magazines, articles, comic books, and news on various topics. It will help you to pronounce the words correctly.
2-4. Find an English-speaking friend that you can write to.
If you meet someone that you enjoy talking to online or in a social media application, stay in touch with them and try to communicate with them in English only. You could also sign up for a pen pal. Use them to help you practice your English by writing to them.
Search for a pen pal program online so you can sign up.
Be careful when becoming friends with someone online that you’ve never met. Never give away any personal information.
3. Improving Your Speaking Confidence
3-1. Take an English class to learn how to speak better.
Check out a local university or an educational organization to see if they offer English speaking classes that you can take. Having an instructor and a group of peers to work with can help you improve your knowledge of the language and the practice will make you a more confident speaker.
An English class will also help you learn the rules of grammar and formal written English.
You can also make friends at your English class so you can practice speaking with them.
3-2. Sing songs in English to get more comfortable using the language.
If you know any songs in English, sing them aloud to help yourself get better at forming the words and sound more natural when you use them. Listen to English radio and English music to learn new songs that you can sing to practice as well.
Look online for English music that you can listen to.
Download English music to your smartphone, computer, or mp3 player so you can listen to it.
3-3. Practice your pronunciation by reading out loud.
Whenever you are reading, try reading the words out loud so you can work on converting the written words into normal speech. Sounding them out will also help you identify words that you don’t know how to pronounce, so you can work to learn them.
Look online to find the pronunciation of a word that you don’t know.
3-4. Communicate as much as possible using English.
The more comfortable you are with speaking English, the more confident you’ll feel and sound. Being confident will keep you from being afraid to try using new words or phrases, which will help you become a better speaker.
Use any opportunity you can to speak English. For example, if you’re at an English-speaking restaurant, try ordering your food in English.
3-5. Be confident and relaxed whenever you try to speak English.
Don’t be afraid to take risks and try using new English words or phrases. Be confident and take every chance you have to use your English skills so you can practice and improve them. As you get better, you’ll get even more confident!
Don't be shy and don't be afraid to make mistakes.
If you are not sure about your English, don't hesitate to ask someone if your English is wrong.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:09",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Listening to English Speakers\\n1-1. Pay attention to people when they speak English.\\nWhenever you notice someone around you speaking English, try to understand what they’re saying. As you improve your English speaking ability, you’ll be better able to comprehend what people are saying when they’re speaking English to other people.\\nNative English speakers can sometimes talk really quickly and be difficult to understand. Work to comprehend what they’re saying by paying close attention.\\nDon’t be rude and eavesdrop on someone just because they’re speaking English, but listening to what they’re saying can help you build your English speaking ability.\\n1-2. Watch English television to hear how the language sounds.\\nPut on the news or watch a program that uses only English so you can hear how certain words and phrases are used. Go to the movies to watch English-speaking movies. The more you hear the English language, the more natural you’ll sound when you speak it.\\nLook for news programs such as BBC Worlds, which can be found online as well.\\nPurchase or rent English-speaking movies so you can watch them at home.\\nSelect English subtitles so you can see the English translation while you’re watching TV or a movie in your native language.\\n1-3. Listen to English-speaking radio to improve your comprehension.\\nTune into radio stations that speak English and pay close attention to what people are saying and how they’re saying it so you can work to sound more natural when you speak. In addition, listen to the songs that are sung in English so you can get better and understanding the language and learning the phrases people use.\\nDownload a radio application to your computer, smartphone, or tablet so you can listen to English radio stations even if you don’t have any playing in your area.\\n1-4. Download English podcasts to your computer, smartphone, or tablet.\\nPodcasts are radio programs that you can download and listen to at any time. They’re great to use to improve your English speaking because of how many different types there are. You can choose from podcasts that discuss popular culture, news, music, history, and many other topics. Find one that interests you with hosts that you like and listen to them when you get a free moment.\\nYou’ll also learn something about the topic the podcast discusses.\\nOn a smartphone or tablet, use a podcast application to download episodes.\\nDownload podcasts designed to help you learn English such as Voice of America: Learning English or LearnEnglish Podcasts from the British Council.\\n2. Reading and Writing in English\\n2-1. Write in English as often as you can to improve your understanding.\\nSpend time writing essays or blog posts in English so you can practice your written English and improve your writing ability. Being able to write well in English will help you become an advanced speaker of the language.\\nKeep a journal that you can use to practice writing in English.\\nJournaling allows you to write without being judged.\\nPractice writing essays. It teaches you to put your ideas in the form of proper text.\\nCreate a social media post or a blog entry in English so you can practice.\\n2-2. Consult a dictionary or thesaurus to learn new words.\\nIf you hear or learn a new English word that you don’t know the meaning of, search for it in a dictionary to find the definition of it. A thesaurus can help you find words that have a similar meaning, so you can have a full and robust knowledge of the English language.\\nLearn the phonetic notation used in your dictionary so you see how a word is pronounced as well.\\nUse a thesaurus whenever you’re writing in English and want to use different wording.\\n2-3. Read in English to improve your comprehension.\\nWhether they’re works of fiction such as the Harry Potter series or non-fiction, such as news or academic articles, choose to read in English as often as you can. You will become better acquainted with the written rules of the language, which will help you speak English better.\\nRead books prepared for your level of English. For example, if you’re new to reading English, try reading books written for middle readers or young adults so the language is a little simpler and you can practice.\\nRemember, it is not about how fast you read. Take your time to make sure you understand the text.\\nRead daily and read out loud books, magazines, articles, comic books, and news on various topics. It will help you to pronounce the words correctly.\\n2-4. Find an English-speaking friend that you can write to.\\nIf you meet someone that you enjoy talking to online or in a social media application, stay in touch with them and try to communicate with them in English only. You could also sign up for a pen pal. Use them to help you practice your English by writing to them.\\nSearch for a pen pal program online so you can sign up.\\nBe careful when becoming friends with someone online that you’ve never met. Never give away any personal information.\\n3. Improving Your Speaking Confidence\\n3-1. Take an English class to learn how to speak better.\\nCheck out a local university or an educational organization to see if they offer English speaking classes that you can take. Having an instructor and a group of peers to work with can help you improve your knowledge of the language and the practice will make you a more confident speaker.\\nAn English class will also help you learn the rules of grammar and formal written English.\\nYou can also make friends at your English class so you can practice speaking with them.\\n3-2. Sing songs in English to get more comfortable using the language.\\nIf you know any songs in English, sing them aloud to help yourself get better at forming the words and sound more natural when you use them. Listen to English radio and English music to learn new songs that you can sing to practice as well.\\nLook online for English music that you can listen to.\\nDownload English music to your smartphone, computer, or mp3 player so you can listen to it.\\n3-3. Practice your pronunciation by reading out loud.\\nWhenever you are reading, try reading the words out loud so you can work on converting the written words into normal speech. Sounding them out will also help you identify words that you don’t know how to pronounce, so you can work to learn them.\\nLook online to find the pronunciation of a word that you don’t know.\\n3-4. Communicate as much as possible using English.\\nThe more comfortable you are with speaking English, the more confident you’ll feel and sound. Being confident will keep you from being afraid to try using new words or phrases, which will help you become a better speaker.\\nUse any opportunity you can to speak English. For example, if you’re at an English-speaking restaurant, try ordering your food in English.\\n3-5. Be confident and relaxed whenever you try to speak English.\\nDon’t be afraid to take risks and try using new English words or phrases. Be confident and take every chance you have to use your English skills so you can practice and improve them. As you get better, you’ll get even more confident!\\nDon't be shy and don't be afraid to make mistakes.\\nIf you are not sure about your English, don't hesitate to ask someone if your English is wrong.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Becoming an advanced speaker of the English language can be a very valuable skill and there are several ways you can improve your English speaking ability. Listening to native English speakers can improve your understanding of the language as well as your accent and pronunciation. Reading and writing in English can build your vocabulary which will improve your speaking ability. Don't be afraid to make mistakes as they are part of the learning process. Soon enough, you'll be speaking English confidently.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Listening to English Speakers\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pay attention to people when they speak English.\", \"描述\": \"Whenever you notice someone around you speaking English, try to understand what they’re saying. As you improve your English speaking ability, you’ll be better able to comprehend what people are saying when they’re speaking English to other people.\\nNative English speakers can sometimes talk really quickly and be difficult to understand. Work to comprehend what they’re saying by paying close attention.\\nDon’t be rude and eavesdrop on someone just because they’re speaking English, but listening to what they’re saying can help you build your English speaking ability.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Watch English television to hear how the language sounds.\", \"描述\": \"Put on the news or watch a program that uses only English so you can hear how certain words and phrases are used. Go to the movies to watch English-speaking movies. The more you hear the English language, the more natural you’ll sound when you speak it.\\nLook for news programs such as BBC Worlds, which can be found online as well.\\nPurchase or rent English-speaking movies so you can watch them at home.\\nSelect English subtitles so you can see the English translation while you’re watching TV or a movie in your native language.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Listen to English-speaking radio to improve your comprehension.\", \"描述\": \"Tune into radio stations that speak English and pay close attention to what people are saying and how they’re saying it so you can work to sound more natural when you speak. In addition, listen to the songs that are sung in English so you can get better and understanding the language and learning the phrases people use.\\nDownload a radio application to your computer, smartphone, or tablet so you can listen to English radio stations even if you don’t have any playing in your area.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Download English podcasts to your computer, smartphone, or tablet.\", \"描述\": \"Podcasts are radio programs that you can download and listen to at any time. They’re great to use to improve your English speaking because of how many different types there are. You can choose from podcasts that discuss popular culture, news, music, history, and many other topics. Find one that interests you with hosts that you like and listen to them when you get a free moment.\\nYou’ll also learn something about the topic the podcast discusses.\\nOn a smartphone or tablet, use a podcast application to download episodes.\\nDownload podcasts designed to help you learn English such as Voice of America: Learning English or LearnEnglish Podcasts from the British Council.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Reading and Writing in English\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Write in English as often as you can to improve your understanding.\", \"描述\": \"Spend time writing essays or blog posts in English so you can practice your written English and improve your writing ability. Being able to write well in English will help you become an advanced speaker of the language.\\nKeep a journal that you can use to practice writing in English.\\nJournaling allows you to write without being judged.\\nPractice writing essays. It teaches you to put your ideas in the form of proper text.\\nCreate a social media post or a blog entry in English so you can practice.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consult a dictionary or thesaurus to learn new words.\", \"描述\": \"If you hear or learn a new English word that you don’t know the meaning of, search for it in a dictionary to find the definition of it. A thesaurus can help you find words that have a similar meaning, so you can have a full and robust knowledge of the English language.\\nLearn the phonetic notation used in your dictionary so you see how a word is pronounced as well.\\nUse a thesaurus whenever you’re writing in English and want to use different wording.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Read in English to improve your comprehension.\", \"描述\": \"Whether they’re works of fiction such as the Harry Potter series or non-fiction, such as news or academic articles, choose to read in English as often as you can. You will become better acquainted with the written rules of the language, which will help you speak English better.\\nRead books prepared for your level of English. For example, if you’re new to reading English, try reading books written for middle readers or young adults so the language is a little simpler and you can practice.\\nRemember, it is not about how fast you read. Take your time to make sure you understand the text.\\nRead daily and read out loud books, magazines, articles, comic books, and news on various topics. It will help you to pronounce the words correctly.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find an English-speaking friend that you can write to.\", \"描述\": \"If you meet someone that you enjoy talking to online or in a social media application, stay in touch with them and try to communicate with them in English only. You could also sign up for a pen pal. Use them to help you practice your English by writing to them.\\nSearch for a pen pal program online so you can sign up.\\nBe careful when becoming friends with someone online that you’ve never met. Never give away any personal information.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Improving Your Speaking Confidence\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take an English class to learn how to speak better.\", \"描述\": \"Check out a local university or an educational organization to see if they offer English speaking classes that you can take. Having an instructor and a group of peers to work with can help you improve your knowledge of the language and the practice will make you a more confident speaker.\\nAn English class will also help you learn the rules of grammar and formal written English.\\nYou can also make friends at your English class so you can practice speaking with them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sing songs in English to get more comfortable using the language.\", \"描述\": \"If you know any songs in English, sing them aloud to help yourself get better at forming the words and sound more natural when you use them. Listen to English radio and English music to learn new songs that you can sing to practice as well.\\nLook online for English music that you can listen to.\\nDownload English music to your smartphone, computer, or mp3 player so you can listen to it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice your pronunciation by reading out loud.\", \"描述\": \"Whenever you are reading, try reading the words out loud so you can work on converting the written words into normal speech. Sounding them out will also help you identify words that you don’t know how to pronounce, so you can work to learn them.\\nLook online to find the pronunciation of a word that you don’t know.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Communicate as much as possible using English.\", \"描述\": \"The more comfortable you are with speaking English, the more confident you’ll feel and sound. Being confident will keep you from being afraid to try using new words or phrases, which will help you become a better speaker.\\nUse any opportunity you can to speak English. For example, if you’re at an English-speaking restaurant, try ordering your food in English.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be confident and relaxed whenever you try to speak English.\", \"描述\": \"Don’t be afraid to take risks and try using new English words or phrases. Be confident and take every chance you have to use your English skills so you can practice and improve them. As you get better, you’ll get even more confident!\\nDon't be shy and don't be afraid to make mistakes.\\nIf you are not sure about your English, don't hesitate to ask someone if your English is wrong.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,911 |
How to Become an Adventurer
|
1. Finding Your Adventure
1-1. Define adventure for yourself.
An adventurer is typically someone who seeks out unusual and uncommon situations. If you want to make a career out of adventuring, how you choose to define "adventure" will shape the plans, methods, destinations, meanings and purpose of your career.
Wanting to be an adventurer doesn't necessarily mean you have to embrace rock climbing if you're interested in the toads of the Amazon. Channel your interests into an adventurous career, and choose something personally fulfilling and meaningful.
1-2. Consider the outdoors.
Were you the kind of kid who had to be dragged inside for dinner? Who picked handfuls of dandelions and daisies? Who loved the poetry of nature? Did you escape to the woods every chance you got? Maybe you love taking early morning swims in the cool chill of a lake.
If the idea of hiking in the mountains among clear streams fills you with tranquility and not a panicky desire for antihistamine, adventure for you might consist of wildlife conservation, eco-tourism, or scenic recreation.
1-3. Count up your scars.
Were you a tree-climber and a daredevil? A skinner-of-knees? The first to volunteer in gym and the last to back down? Always on the move, maybe you feel cooped up while sitting in class. Maybe the idea of working at a computer in a drab office fills you with nameless dread. Maybe you have no fear of riding your bicycle fast in heavy traffic and think scuba diving sounds like a relaxing weekend activity. White water? Bring it on.
For you, adventure might consist of extreme sports, outdoor endurance activities, or exploration.
1-4. Consider cultural exploration.
Does discovering new music, trying new food, and being lost in an unfamiliar land seem exciting to you? Maybe the history of a place interests you. Maybe you've always wanted to learn Japanese, see what Siberia looks like from a train, or spend the day sipping red wine and sampling goat cheeses.
For you, adventure might be archaeological research or journalism. It might be culinary, historical, or artistic. Also consider anthropology and sociology, if you've an aptitude for research.
1-5. Think about helping people.
If there was an injured rabbit in your backyard when you were a kid, you took it in a shoebox and cared for it. Do you always keep up with the news abroad? Does poverty fill you will a sense of injustice and a desire to create change? Do you want to give back to the world and contribute your talents in a way that makes it a better place than you found it?
Humanitarian and philanthropic adventures are right up your alley. Consider legal or medical fields.
1-6. Dig out your bug collection.
Are you fascinated by animals--their names, their classifications, their different peculiarities? Have you always kept pets? Maybe you've always had an unexplainable fascination with rocks? Volcanoes set your mind awhirl. You could name all the dinosaurs when you were a kid. Never afraid to pick up frogs or touch snakes, maybe you always felt at home with other species.
Scientific research adventures are for you. Consider biology, zoology, paleontology, or geology as potential fields.
2. Getting Experience
2-1. Study.
The life of an archaeologist seems glamorous in Indiana Jones, but that's because there are no scenes of him revising 30-page research articles about tertiary religious ceremonies in ancient Sumeria for an editing review with an academic journal so he can get tenure. Before you go off digging African velociraptors, you have to lay the ground work for success. There's no way to "major in Adventure," but you can study something that will allow you to travel and give you the foundations for doing what you want.
If you're interested in scientific adventures, study biology or other related life sciences. Chemistry will keep you in the lab and on the computer, while marine biology will get you into the field.
If you're interested in travel, hospitality and tourism programs would be a smart investment. Study a foreign language as an added bonus in marketing yourself down the road.
If you're interested in outdoor sports or other activities that involve being in nature, ecology programs with all sorts of specialities are available all over the country. Talk to an academic advisor to find out what's right for you.
After graduating, you can apply for Fulbright Fellowship or other grant program to fund a research or teaching experience in another country. They field all manner of different project ideas, from teaching music forms in Russia to poetry in South America.
If college isn't in the cards for you, never fear. Keeping yourself informed about your intended adventurous field doesn't necessarily need to be any more complicated than getting a library card and doing the work yourself. Developing a good set of skills, like videography or photography can likewise be a particularly useful skill. Someone needs to know how to operate those high-definition video cameras in the arctic. Why not you?
2-2. Sign up for the Peace Corps.
One great way to have a guaranteed and semi-organized experience abroad for up to two years is to sign up for the Peace Corps. This can be a good way to pay back student loans, develop the skills necessary to travel, and build connections in other places. It's also an extremely satisfying way to give back, as you'll be participating in humanitarian aid of the most necessary sort.
Combine Peace Corps work with your own side travels over the course of your time there to make the most of it. Take a weekend to jaunt up to the Mediterranean and explore the cuisine, or to check out the scenic Scandinavian hiking trails. It'll leave you rejuvenated and ready to get back to the hard work you'll be doing.
2-3. Look for an au pair or nanny job abroad.
In Europe, it's common for young and unemployed women to work abroad in the childcare industry. It can be a fairly lucrative short-term opportunity, giving you the chance to immerse yourself in a new culture and make some money.
Staying in close quarters with a family is a great way to learn the culture and language, too, as well as building a long-term relationship with a family that you can follow up on later in your adventuring career. If you work in Germany with a family for a year, that's one friendly group of folks you'll always know when you're passing through with a backpack and need a warm place to sleep.
2-4. Teach English.
English skills are in demand worldwide. In Southeast Asia, especially, the demand for English teachers is on the rise. Most programs that facilitate your teaching experience, hooking you up with a job and the necessary qualifications, will require a BA in any field, but not all. You might be able to find a gig teaching private lessons yourself, but an organization that specializes in placing American teachers in positions abroad is the safest and easiest way to go about getting a gig.
2-5. Sign up for a mission trip or a study abroad program.
If you've got the time and the resources, your church or you school may organize yearly trips abroad that will give you some of the flavor of the kind of adventure you seek. Even if it's only for a couple weeks and even if the work is hard, building houses in Guatemala or Peru, you're earning your way and building the necessary skills. Any adventurous job you'll apply for down the road will look on this kind of experience warmly.
This can be especially great for anyone with an interest in humanitarian work, though you'll be at the mercy of a travel group, which may end up on the touristy side of things. Plan side trips and create your own fun.
2-6. Take a "gap year" and plan an adventure yourself.
Just go. Couch surfing organizations and opportunities on organic farms are available for anyone who has the time to invest. This will give you experience traveling, living in another culture, and the support net available might develop into a long term opportunity you'd never have known about otherwise. Even if it's a couple of weeks to take a bike trip from Minnesota to New Orleans, you're laying the foundation for future stories and successes by just getting out and going.
When you get back from your adventure, use the experience as an "in" for getting a job. now that you've got DIY experience, you're a much more marketable adventurer.
3. Making Adventure Your Career
3-1. Get a job doing what you want.
Recreation workers, trail guides, scuba instructors all have salaried positions you can get with the proper experience and certifications. The experience you've gleaned from traveling abroad, adventuring on your own, or studying in your desired field should open up a variety of options doing the type of thing you want to do. Get a job with the state at your favorite park, or start your own business teaching kayaking lessons.
If you're getting paid to teach other people about what you love, every day can be an adventure. Get a job at a ski resort teaching snowboarding lessons, or work your way up at an aquarium. You don't necessarily have to be a marine biologist to work with animals.
3-2. Seek funding for your expeditions.
Your ultimate goal is to do something you love and get paid for it. If adventures are what you love, getting someone else to pay for your mushroom-gathering expedition to France or your next snowboarding trip to Switzerland is the dream.
National Geographic provides a variety of funding for research proposals, from the media-driven to the hypothesis-driven. Explore your funding options on a trip-by-trip basis and work on publishing or selling the results when you return. If you write a best-selling book about your cross-country train journey that was paid for in the first place, you're in great shape.
3-3. Document your adventures.
Write about your adventures. Consider updating people about your adventurous experiences via a blog, websites, or other social media networks. Film your exploits. The best way to get other people interested in your adventures and to get your name out there as an adventurer in need of funding is to market yourself and your particular set of talents.
Selling freelance photography or your videos is one of the best ways to get a foot in the door for a full-time job with a publication or media service. Got great pictures of the great horned owls you saw on a hike? Try sending them to magazines. If you've got a great story about your time in Istanbul that needs to be told, try to get it published. If it's marketable, you may get a job offer.
3-4. Get a job where the adventure is.
If being in Australia is an adventure for you, then whatever you're doing when you're there is adventurous, and will allow you to explore on your own in your own neighborhood. Get a job leading sightseeing tours or doing manual labor in a place you love and work for the weekend.
Many agricultural areas will hire seasonal labor, picking fruit, pruning grape vines, or doing other outdoor work. It can be challenging and low-paying, but if it allows you to move around, pack up, and leave on a regular basis, it may satisfy those adventurers with wanderlust.
3-5. Get a job that requires travel.
Jobs that require travel, like salesmen, activity coordinators, musicians, or migrant laborers will ensure that you're constantly on the move and that every new day of work will yield and exciting and new experience.
Alternatively, try getting a job that you can do from anywhere. Telecommuting work, like copy editing, programming, and other online jobs will allow you the ability to work from home, from abroad, or from wherever you like. Gather together as many opportunities as possible and make your own hours.
3-6. Stay in academia.
While a large portion of the year will be devoted to on campus and in-class work, there are a variety of research positions available that will provide you with ample opportunity to get into the field on salary, the opportunity for sabbatical trips, and the necessary support to do the work that you want to do, whatever it is. If you need to be at the Tower of London to do research for your next historical novel, the support of a university is one of the best chances you're going to get.
Tips
There are plenty of packing lists you can find online for any kind of adventure, so make use of those by doing a quick search online, to save reinventing the wheel.
Ask the locals for information wherever you go. Guidebooks can only take you so far and they're subjective anyway. It's a great opportunity to talk to local people and find out a lot more than you would normally.
Carry a light weight load. Your backpack should carry only a comfortable amount of weight.
Warnings
Spontaneity will still arise as part of the adventure but not without your asthma medication, leech-proof socks, and rain poncho. Be prepared.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:09",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Finding Your Adventure\\n1-1. Define adventure for yourself.\\nAn adventurer is typically someone who seeks out unusual and uncommon situations. If you want to make a career out of adventuring, how you choose to define \\\"adventure\\\" will shape the plans, methods, destinations, meanings and purpose of your career. \\nWanting to be an adventurer doesn't necessarily mean you have to embrace rock climbing if you're interested in the toads of the Amazon. Channel your interests into an adventurous career, and choose something personally fulfilling and meaningful.\\n1-2. Consider the outdoors.\\nWere you the kind of kid who had to be dragged inside for dinner? Who picked handfuls of dandelions and daisies? Who loved the poetry of nature? Did you escape to the woods every chance you got? Maybe you love taking early morning swims in the cool chill of a lake.\\nIf the idea of hiking in the mountains among clear streams fills you with tranquility and not a panicky desire for antihistamine, adventure for you might consist of wildlife conservation, eco-tourism, or scenic recreation.\\n1-3. Count up your scars.\\nWere you a tree-climber and a daredevil? A skinner-of-knees? The first to volunteer in gym and the last to back down? Always on the move, maybe you feel cooped up while sitting in class. Maybe the idea of working at a computer in a drab office fills you with nameless dread. Maybe you have no fear of riding your bicycle fast in heavy traffic and think scuba diving sounds like a relaxing weekend activity. White water? Bring it on.\\nFor you, adventure might consist of extreme sports, outdoor endurance activities, or exploration.\\n1-4. Consider cultural exploration.\\nDoes discovering new music, trying new food, and being lost in an unfamiliar land seem exciting to you? Maybe the history of a place interests you. Maybe you've always wanted to learn Japanese, see what Siberia looks like from a train, or spend the day sipping red wine and sampling goat cheeses. \\nFor you, adventure might be archaeological research or journalism. It might be culinary, historical, or artistic. Also consider anthropology and sociology, if you've an aptitude for research.\\n1-5. Think about helping people.\\nIf there was an injured rabbit in your backyard when you were a kid, you took it in a shoebox and cared for it. Do you always keep up with the news abroad? Does poverty fill you will a sense of injustice and a desire to create change? Do you want to give back to the world and contribute your talents in a way that makes it a better place than you found it?\\nHumanitarian and philanthropic adventures are right up your alley. Consider legal or medical fields.\\n1-6. Dig out your bug collection.\\nAre you fascinated by animals--their names, their classifications, their different peculiarities? Have you always kept pets? Maybe you've always had an unexplainable fascination with rocks? Volcanoes set your mind awhirl. You could name all the dinosaurs when you were a kid. Never afraid to pick up frogs or touch snakes, maybe you always felt at home with other species.\\nScientific research adventures are for you. Consider biology, zoology, paleontology, or geology as potential fields.\\n2. Getting Experience\\n2-1. Study.\\nThe life of an archaeologist seems glamorous in Indiana Jones, but that's because there are no scenes of him revising 30-page research articles about tertiary religious ceremonies in ancient Sumeria for an editing review with an academic journal so he can get tenure. Before you go off digging African velociraptors, you have to lay the ground work for success. There's no way to \\\"major in Adventure,\\\" but you can study something that will allow you to travel and give you the foundations for doing what you want.\\nIf you're interested in scientific adventures, study biology or other related life sciences. Chemistry will keep you in the lab and on the computer, while marine biology will get you into the field.\\nIf you're interested in travel, hospitality and tourism programs would be a smart investment. Study a foreign language as an added bonus in marketing yourself down the road.\\nIf you're interested in outdoor sports or other activities that involve being in nature, ecology programs with all sorts of specialities are available all over the country. Talk to an academic advisor to find out what's right for you.\\nAfter graduating, you can apply for Fulbright Fellowship or other grant program to fund a research or teaching experience in another country. They field all manner of different project ideas, from teaching music forms in Russia to poetry in South America.\\nIf college isn't in the cards for you, never fear. Keeping yourself informed about your intended adventurous field doesn't necessarily need to be any more complicated than getting a library card and doing the work yourself. Developing a good set of skills, like videography or photography can likewise be a particularly useful skill. Someone needs to know how to operate those high-definition video cameras in the arctic. Why not you?\\n2-2. Sign up for the Peace Corps.\\nOne great way to have a guaranteed and semi-organized experience abroad for up to two years is to sign up for the Peace Corps. This can be a good way to pay back student loans, develop the skills necessary to travel, and build connections in other places. It's also an extremely satisfying way to give back, as you'll be participating in humanitarian aid of the most necessary sort.\\nCombine Peace Corps work with your own side travels over the course of your time there to make the most of it. Take a weekend to jaunt up to the Mediterranean and explore the cuisine, or to check out the scenic Scandinavian hiking trails. It'll leave you rejuvenated and ready to get back to the hard work you'll be doing.\\n2-3. Look for an au pair or nanny job abroad.\\nIn Europe, it's common for young and unemployed women to work abroad in the childcare industry. It can be a fairly lucrative short-term opportunity, giving you the chance to immerse yourself in a new culture and make some money.\\nStaying in close quarters with a family is a great way to learn the culture and language, too, as well as building a long-term relationship with a family that you can follow up on later in your adventuring career. If you work in Germany with a family for a year, that's one friendly group of folks you'll always know when you're passing through with a backpack and need a warm place to sleep.\\n2-4. Teach English.\\nEnglish skills are in demand worldwide. In Southeast Asia, especially, the demand for English teachers is on the rise. Most programs that facilitate your teaching experience, hooking you up with a job and the necessary qualifications, will require a BA in any field, but not all. You might be able to find a gig teaching private lessons yourself, but an organization that specializes in placing American teachers in positions abroad is the safest and easiest way to go about getting a gig.\\n2-5. Sign up for a mission trip or a study abroad program.\\nIf you've got the time and the resources, your church or you school may organize yearly trips abroad that will give you some of the flavor of the kind of adventure you seek. Even if it's only for a couple weeks and even if the work is hard, building houses in Guatemala or Peru, you're earning your way and building the necessary skills. Any adventurous job you'll apply for down the road will look on this kind of experience warmly.\\nThis can be especially great for anyone with an interest in humanitarian work, though you'll be at the mercy of a travel group, which may end up on the touristy side of things. Plan side trips and create your own fun.\\n2-6. Take a \\\"gap year\\\" and plan an adventure yourself.\\nJust go. Couch surfing organizations and opportunities on organic farms are available for anyone who has the time to invest. This will give you experience traveling, living in another culture, and the support net available might develop into a long term opportunity you'd never have known about otherwise. Even if it's a couple of weeks to take a bike trip from Minnesota to New Orleans, you're laying the foundation for future stories and successes by just getting out and going.\\nWhen you get back from your adventure, use the experience as an \\\"in\\\" for getting a job. now that you've got DIY experience, you're a much more marketable adventurer.\\n3. Making Adventure Your Career\\n3-1. Get a job doing what you want.\\nRecreation workers, trail guides, scuba instructors all have salaried positions you can get with the proper experience and certifications. The experience you've gleaned from traveling abroad, adventuring on your own, or studying in your desired field should open up a variety of options doing the type of thing you want to do. Get a job with the state at your favorite park, or start your own business teaching kayaking lessons.\\nIf you're getting paid to teach other people about what you love, every day can be an adventure. Get a job at a ski resort teaching snowboarding lessons, or work your way up at an aquarium. You don't necessarily have to be a marine biologist to work with animals.\\n3-2. Seek funding for your expeditions.\\nYour ultimate goal is to do something you love and get paid for it. If adventures are what you love, getting someone else to pay for your mushroom-gathering expedition to France or your next snowboarding trip to Switzerland is the dream.\\nNational Geographic provides a variety of funding for research proposals, from the media-driven to the hypothesis-driven. Explore your funding options on a trip-by-trip basis and work on publishing or selling the results when you return. If you write a best-selling book about your cross-country train journey that was paid for in the first place, you're in great shape.\\n3-3. Document your adventures.\\nWrite about your adventures. Consider updating people about your adventurous experiences via a blog, websites, or other social media networks. Film your exploits. The best way to get other people interested in your adventures and to get your name out there as an adventurer in need of funding is to market yourself and your particular set of talents.\\nSelling freelance photography or your videos is one of the best ways to get a foot in the door for a full-time job with a publication or media service. Got great pictures of the great horned owls you saw on a hike? Try sending them to magazines. If you've got a great story about your time in Istanbul that needs to be told, try to get it published. If it's marketable, you may get a job offer.\\n3-4. Get a job where the adventure is.\\nIf being in Australia is an adventure for you, then whatever you're doing when you're there is adventurous, and will allow you to explore on your own in your own neighborhood. Get a job leading sightseeing tours or doing manual labor in a place you love and work for the weekend.\\nMany agricultural areas will hire seasonal labor, picking fruit, pruning grape vines, or doing other outdoor work. It can be challenging and low-paying, but if it allows you to move around, pack up, and leave on a regular basis, it may satisfy those adventurers with wanderlust.\\n3-5. Get a job that requires travel.\\nJobs that require travel, like salesmen, activity coordinators, musicians, or migrant laborers will ensure that you're constantly on the move and that every new day of work will yield and exciting and new experience.\\nAlternatively, try getting a job that you can do from anywhere. Telecommuting work, like copy editing, programming, and other online jobs will allow you the ability to work from home, from abroad, or from wherever you like. Gather together as many opportunities as possible and make your own hours.\\n3-6. Stay in academia.\\nWhile a large portion of the year will be devoted to on campus and in-class work, there are a variety of research positions available that will provide you with ample opportunity to get into the field on salary, the opportunity for sabbatical trips, and the necessary support to do the work that you want to do, whatever it is. If you need to be at the Tower of London to do research for your next historical novel, the support of a university is one of the best chances you're going to get.\\nTips\\nThere are plenty of packing lists you can find online for any kind of adventure, so make use of those by doing a quick search online, to save reinventing the wheel.\\nAsk the locals for information wherever you go. Guidebooks can only take you so far and they're subjective anyway. It's a great opportunity to talk to local people and find out a lot more than you would normally.\\nCarry a light weight load. Your backpack should carry only a comfortable amount of weight.\\nWarnings\\nSpontaneity will still arise as part of the adventure but not without your asthma medication, leech-proof socks, and rain poncho. Be prepared.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Snowboarders in snowy Colorado, kayakers in the South of France, and hot air balloonists in Scandinavia all made the choice to pursue their dream of adventure. But is it still possible to be an adventurer in an age where most of the world has been discovered, mapped, and trampled through? Is it possible to make a career out of it? Read on to find out how to define your adventure and gain the necessary skills to make adventure your life.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Finding Your Adventure\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Define adventure for yourself.\", \"描述\": \"An adventurer is typically someone who seeks out unusual and uncommon situations. If you want to make a career out of adventuring, how you choose to define \\\"adventure\\\" will shape the plans, methods, destinations, meanings and purpose of your career. \\nWanting to be an adventurer doesn't necessarily mean you have to embrace rock climbing if you're interested in the toads of the Amazon. Channel your interests into an adventurous career, and choose something personally fulfilling and meaningful.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider the outdoors.\", \"描述\": \"Were you the kind of kid who had to be dragged inside for dinner? Who picked handfuls of dandelions and daisies? Who loved the poetry of nature? Did you escape to the woods every chance you got? Maybe you love taking early morning swims in the cool chill of a lake.\\nIf the idea of hiking in the mountains among clear streams fills you with tranquility and not a panicky desire for antihistamine, adventure for you might consist of wildlife conservation, eco-tourism, or scenic recreation.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Count up your scars.\", \"描述\": \"Were you a tree-climber and a daredevil? A skinner-of-knees? The first to volunteer in gym and the last to back down? Always on the move, maybe you feel cooped up while sitting in class. Maybe the idea of working at a computer in a drab office fills you with nameless dread. Maybe you have no fear of riding your bicycle fast in heavy traffic and think scuba diving sounds like a relaxing weekend activity. White water? Bring it on.\\nFor you, adventure might consist of extreme sports, outdoor endurance activities, or exploration.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider cultural exploration.\", \"描述\": \"Does discovering new music, trying new food, and being lost in an unfamiliar land seem exciting to you? Maybe the history of a place interests you. Maybe you've always wanted to learn Japanese, see what Siberia looks like from a train, or spend the day sipping red wine and sampling goat cheeses. \\nFor you, adventure might be archaeological research or journalism. It might be culinary, historical, or artistic. Also consider anthropology and sociology, if you've an aptitude for research.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Think about helping people.\", \"描述\": \"If there was an injured rabbit in your backyard when you were a kid, you took it in a shoebox and cared for it. Do you always keep up with the news abroad? Does poverty fill you will a sense of injustice and a desire to create change? Do you want to give back to the world and contribute your talents in a way that makes it a better place than you found it?\\nHumanitarian and philanthropic adventures are right up your alley. Consider legal or medical fields.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Dig out your bug collection.\", \"描述\": \"Are you fascinated by animals--their names, their classifications, their different peculiarities? Have you always kept pets? Maybe you've always had an unexplainable fascination with rocks? Volcanoes set your mind awhirl. You could name all the dinosaurs when you were a kid. Never afraid to pick up frogs or touch snakes, maybe you always felt at home with other species.\\nScientific research adventures are for you. Consider biology, zoology, paleontology, or geology as potential fields.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Study.\", \"描述\": \"The life of an archaeologist seems glamorous in Indiana Jones, but that's because there are no scenes of him revising 30-page research articles about tertiary religious ceremonies in ancient Sumeria for an editing review with an academic journal so he can get tenure. Before you go off digging African velociraptors, you have to lay the ground work for success. There's no way to \\\"major in Adventure,\\\" but you can study something that will allow you to travel and give you the foundations for doing what you want.\\nIf you're interested in scientific adventures, study biology or other related life sciences. Chemistry will keep you in the lab and on the computer, while marine biology will get you into the field.\\nIf you're interested in travel, hospitality and tourism programs would be a smart investment. Study a foreign language as an added bonus in marketing yourself down the road.\\nIf you're interested in outdoor sports or other activities that involve being in nature, ecology programs with all sorts of specialities are available all over the country. Talk to an academic advisor to find out what's right for you.\\nAfter graduating, you can apply for Fulbright Fellowship or other grant program to fund a research or teaching experience in another country. They field all manner of different project ideas, from teaching music forms in Russia to poetry in South America.\\nIf college isn't in the cards for you, never fear. Keeping yourself informed about your intended adventurous field doesn't necessarily need to be any more complicated than getting a library card and doing the work yourself. Developing a good set of skills, like videography or photography can likewise be a particularly useful skill. Someone needs to know how to operate those high-definition video cameras in the arctic. Why not you?\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sign up for the Peace Corps.\", \"描述\": \"One great way to have a guaranteed and semi-organized experience abroad for up to two years is to sign up for the Peace Corps. This can be a good way to pay back student loans, develop the skills necessary to travel, and build connections in other places. It's also an extremely satisfying way to give back, as you'll be participating in humanitarian aid of the most necessary sort.\\nCombine Peace Corps work with your own side travels over the course of your time there to make the most of it. Take a weekend to jaunt up to the Mediterranean and explore the cuisine, or to check out the scenic Scandinavian hiking trails. It'll leave you rejuvenated and ready to get back to the hard work you'll be doing.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for an au pair or nanny job abroad.\", \"描述\": \"In Europe, it's common for young and unemployed women to work abroad in the childcare industry. It can be a fairly lucrative short-term opportunity, giving you the chance to immerse yourself in a new culture and make some money.\\nStaying in close quarters with a family is a great way to learn the culture and language, too, as well as building a long-term relationship with a family that you can follow up on later in your adventuring career. If you work in Germany with a family for a year, that's one friendly group of folks you'll always know when you're passing through with a backpack and need a warm place to sleep.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Teach English.\", \"描述\": \"English skills are in demand worldwide. In Southeast Asia, especially, the demand for English teachers is on the rise. Most programs that facilitate your teaching experience, hooking you up with a job and the necessary qualifications, will require a BA in any field, but not all. You might be able to find a gig teaching private lessons yourself, but an organization that specializes in placing American teachers in positions abroad is the safest and easiest way to go about getting a gig.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Sign up for a mission trip or a study abroad program.\", \"描述\": \"If you've got the time and the resources, your church or you school may organize yearly trips abroad that will give you some of the flavor of the kind of adventure you seek. Even if it's only for a couple weeks and even if the work is hard, building houses in Guatemala or Peru, you're earning your way and building the necessary skills. Any adventurous job you'll apply for down the road will look on this kind of experience warmly.\\nThis can be especially great for anyone with an interest in humanitarian work, though you'll be at the mercy of a travel group, which may end up on the touristy side of things. Plan side trips and create your own fun.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Take a \\\"gap year\\\" and plan an adventure yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Just go. Couch surfing organizations and opportunities on organic farms are available for anyone who has the time to invest. This will give you experience traveling, living in another culture, and the support net available might develop into a long term opportunity you'd never have known about otherwise. Even if it's a couple of weeks to take a bike trip from Minnesota to New Orleans, you're laying the foundation for future stories and successes by just getting out and going.\\nWhen you get back from your adventure, use the experience as an \\\"in\\\" for getting a job. now that you've got DIY experience, you're a much more marketable adventurer.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Making Adventure Your Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a job doing what you want.\", \"描述\": \"Recreation workers, trail guides, scuba instructors all have salaried positions you can get with the proper experience and certifications. The experience you've gleaned from traveling abroad, adventuring on your own, or studying in your desired field should open up a variety of options doing the type of thing you want to do. Get a job with the state at your favorite park, or start your own business teaching kayaking lessons.\\nIf you're getting paid to teach other people about what you love, every day can be an adventure. Get a job at a ski resort teaching snowboarding lessons, or work your way up at an aquarium. You don't necessarily have to be a marine biologist to work with animals.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Seek funding for your expeditions.\", \"描述\": \"Your ultimate goal is to do something you love and get paid for it. If adventures are what you love, getting someone else to pay for your mushroom-gathering expedition to France or your next snowboarding trip to Switzerland is the dream.\\nNational Geographic provides a variety of funding for research proposals, from the media-driven to the hypothesis-driven. Explore your funding options on a trip-by-trip basis and work on publishing or selling the results when you return. If you write a best-selling book about your cross-country train journey that was paid for in the first place, you're in great shape.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Document your adventures.\", \"描述\": \"Write about your adventures. Consider updating people about your adventurous experiences via a blog, websites, or other social media networks. Film your exploits. The best way to get other people interested in your adventures and to get your name out there as an adventurer in need of funding is to market yourself and your particular set of talents.\\nSelling freelance photography or your videos is one of the best ways to get a foot in the door for a full-time job with a publication or media service. Got great pictures of the great horned owls you saw on a hike? Try sending them to magazines. If you've got a great story about your time in Istanbul that needs to be told, try to get it published. If it's marketable, you may get a job offer.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get a job where the adventure is.\", \"描述\": \"If being in Australia is an adventure for you, then whatever you're doing when you're there is adventurous, and will allow you to explore on your own in your own neighborhood. Get a job leading sightseeing tours or doing manual labor in a place you love and work for the weekend.\\nMany agricultural areas will hire seasonal labor, picking fruit, pruning grape vines, or doing other outdoor work. It can be challenging and low-paying, but if it allows you to move around, pack up, and leave on a regular basis, it may satisfy those adventurers with wanderlust.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get a job that requires travel.\", \"描述\": \"Jobs that require travel, like salesmen, activity coordinators, musicians, or migrant laborers will ensure that you're constantly on the move and that every new day of work will yield and exciting and new experience.\\nAlternatively, try getting a job that you can do from anywhere. Telecommuting work, like copy editing, programming, and other online jobs will allow you the ability to work from home, from abroad, or from wherever you like. Gather together as many opportunities as possible and make your own hours.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Stay in academia.\", \"描述\": \"While a large portion of the year will be devoted to on campus and in-class work, there are a variety of research positions available that will provide you with ample opportunity to get into the field on salary, the opportunity for sabbatical trips, and the necessary support to do the work that you want to do, whatever it is. If you need to be at the Tower of London to do research for your next historical novel, the support of a university is one of the best chances you're going to get.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"There are plenty of packing lists you can find online for any kind of adventure, so make use of those by doing a quick search online, to save reinventing the wheel.\\n\", \"Ask the locals for information wherever you go. Guidebooks can only take you so far and they're subjective anyway. It's a great opportunity to talk to local people and find out a lot more than you would normally.\\n\", \"Carry a light weight load. Your backpack should carry only a comfortable amount of weight.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Spontaneity will still arise as part of the adventure but not without your asthma medication, leech-proof socks, and rain poncho. Be prepared.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,912 |
How to Become an Advocate for the Elderly
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1. Helping With Daily Life
1-1. Volunteer in a nursing home.
Speaking to and spending time with the elderly will increase your awareness about their daily concerns and challenges. Issues you might observe include concerns about healthcare, common health challenges like dementia, unmet nutritional needs, social isolation,and a continued need for physical or recreational activities.
Ask the volunteer coordinators how you can help address issues you see impacting the daily life of those living at the home, on top of your regular volunteering.
If you have a friendly dog or cat, ask if the home participates in an animal visitation program.
Animal visitation programs aim to provide comfort and happiness to senior home residents.
1-2. Volunteer to help independent seniors.
While many seniors live in a nursing home, many opt to stay at home and live independently. Volunteer to help them with household tasks, either by working with a local organization or directly contacting specific seniors you know.
Household chores and heavy lifting can be particularly difficult for some seniors.
Offer to perform basic home maintenance, such as cleaning out the gutters or making basic repairs to fixtures and appliances.
Consider working with a program that delivers meals or provides in-home visits for elderly individuals in your area.
This helps seniors who cannot access a home or who wish to live independently to still get the care they need.
1-3. Learn basic healthcare practices.
Healthcare is a major part of senior care, and you can help improve the lives of the seniors with whom you live or work by learning about healthcare practices and policies. Get certified in senior first aid, CPR, and AED, or attend healthcare conferences to learn more about senior care.
Check course listing at your local community centers or community colleges to see if senior first aid and emergency care classes are offered.
Talk to a local senior center to find resources for learning about senior care.
Try to learn about the physical, social, emotional, and mental health of the elderly in order to advocate effectively and address issues impacting seniors.
If you receive extensive first aid training, consider signing up as a community first responder (specializing in elder care) with your local hospital.
Attend seminars and workshops at healthcare events that are specifically focused on elder care.
1-4. Help get seniors online.
One major daily challenge faced by seniors is that they are unable to locate or access certain services they need because they lack vital computer literacy. Work with seniors in your community to get internet in their homes, and train them on basic computer skills.
Volunteer with a local group dedicated to providing senior technological literacy courses.
You may also be able to volunteer as a guide or lab monitor at your local senior center or community center.
Ask the seniors you work with, “What are you goals when you go online?” so that you can provide specific guidance.
If, for example, their main motivation is to communicate with family, you do not need to confuse them by also teaching them to pay their bills online.
2. Generating Awareness in Your Community
2-1. Host community forums.
Your local community center might serve as a good central location for area residents to gather and learn about the challenges of older adults. Many libraries also have meeting rooms that may be accessible for such gatherings.
Invite the elderly to speak about their concerns.
Hearing the details of an older adult's health concerns, transportation issues or financial difficulties might inspire compassion and solutions from local residents.
Advertise the event to local senior care, health care, and other community activists and organization groups.
Present the event as a chance to meet with seniors in the community in order to understand their needs.
Increase attendance at your community events by providing transportation for older adults who might not be able to attend otherwise.
2-2. Create a blog.
Use an online blogging or microblogging platform to develop content dedicated to the needs of the elderly. Older adults who are uncomfortable expressing their problems in person might be willing to submit them anonymously online.
Inform the elderly about elder rights, local services and community activities that will help them to overcome loneliness, boredom and feelings of helplessness.
Encourage elderly readers to share concerns and challenges that may be going unheard.
Also work on content dedicated to individuals trying to help the elderly.
Provide useful links to resources such as local advocacy groups, pages about what to do in cases of elder abuse, and volunteer organizations.
2-3. Find a community group.
Join an organization dedicated to improving the lives of the elderly. Such organizations typically distribute information and articles about the legislative issues that affect the lives of older people. They may also work with elderly people directly to address the issues that matter to them.
Find community groups by contacting local senior communities or AARP to get recommendations.
Volunteer not only by attending meetings but by also distributing information in your neighborhood and around your community.
Make time to participate in local events, as well.
3. Working Politically
3-1. Work for an advocacy organization.
One of the best ways to advocate for the elderly is to volunteer with or work for an organization that promotes intergenerational communication and engages in legislative advocacy. The National Council on Aging is a good place to start looking for groups and resources to join.
Work on a local level to promote or draft protective legislation that creates access to necessary services in your community.
Host public awareness events that encourage the community to work to protect elderly citizens.
Push for programs that connect older members of your community with resources that can help them medically, legally, and financially.
3-2. Write to legislative officials.
Financial abuse of the elderly, inadequate healthcare,neglect and senior abuse, and lack of transportation services are important issues to bring to the attention of legislatures. Call or write your local and state representatives to let them know that the voting population wants to see more attention to care for the elderly.
You may want to start a whole letter writing campaign to get more support behind the message.
With proper permission and permits, set up a table at your local community center to help others draft and send in letters.
Provide pre-written letters that individuals can read and sign, along with addressed and stamped envelopes and a collections box so that you can take the letters in all at once.
3-3. Lobby at local events.
Advocate through peaceful protest and demonstrations at local political events. Work with national advocacy groups to get resources and develop a plan of action. Then, gather individuals to participate in your demonstration.
Prepare materials in advance to distribute to the public advocating for senior issues.
Include information in how people can get involved, such as writing to their congressional representative or voting on certain measures.
Keep your protest structured and peaceful. The focus should be on the message, not on causing a public scene.
4. Getting Employed as an Elder Care Advocate
4-1. Pick a care area.
There are many ways you may be able to advocate professionally for the elderly. People work as patient advocates between elders and medical professionals, caregivers, or as coordinators helping elderly individuals enroll in medical or government benefit programs.
Understand that most forms of elder care will require some sort of training.
Look into the requirements for the field of elder advocacy that interests you and see if it is feasible for you to accomplish with your schedule and personal finances.
Talk to professionals in different fields of elder advocacy and ask them, "What kind of training did you need for this job? What did the training prepare you for and what did it not cover?"
4-2. Get your credentials.
Once you have your field picked out, enroll in the courses or program necessary for you to get into your field. Check with local colleges, junior colleges, and community centers to see if they offer programs relevant to your field of interest.
Enroll in a patient advocacy certification program to learn about medical programs relevant to seniors and the type of specialized care necessary for the elderly.
Patient advocacy training will also teach you how to work with medical professionals to make sure patient needs are met.
4-3. Offer your services.
Look for employment in under-served elderly communities near you. Talk to local hospitals or nursing homes to see if your services are needed, or look at working as an independent, third-party contractor.
If possible, opt for employment within the elder care community. Third party contracting may be costly for elderly citizens, and may only be accessible for some.
Consider non-traditional jobs such as those working with your local government or for a non-profit organization, as well as those directly within senior communities.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:10",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Helping With Daily Life\\n1-1. Volunteer in a nursing home.\\nSpeaking to and spending time with the elderly will increase your awareness about their daily concerns and challenges. Issues you might observe include concerns about healthcare, common health challenges like dementia, unmet nutritional needs, social isolation,and a continued need for physical or recreational activities.\\nAsk the volunteer coordinators how you can help address issues you see impacting the daily life of those living at the home, on top of your regular volunteering.\\nIf you have a friendly dog or cat, ask if the home participates in an animal visitation program.\\nAnimal visitation programs aim to provide comfort and happiness to senior home residents.\\n1-2. Volunteer to help independent seniors.\\nWhile many seniors live in a nursing home, many opt to stay at home and live independently. Volunteer to help them with household tasks, either by working with a local organization or directly contacting specific seniors you know.\\nHousehold chores and heavy lifting can be particularly difficult for some seniors.\\nOffer to perform basic home maintenance, such as cleaning out the gutters or making basic repairs to fixtures and appliances.\\nConsider working with a program that delivers meals or provides in-home visits for elderly individuals in your area.\\nThis helps seniors who cannot access a home or who wish to live independently to still get the care they need.\\n1-3. Learn basic healthcare practices.\\nHealthcare is a major part of senior care, and you can help improve the lives of the seniors with whom you live or work by learning about healthcare practices and policies. Get certified in senior first aid, CPR, and AED, or attend healthcare conferences to learn more about senior care.\\nCheck course listing at your local community centers or community colleges to see if senior first aid and emergency care classes are offered.\\nTalk to a local senior center to find resources for learning about senior care.\\nTry to learn about the physical, social, emotional, and mental health of the elderly in order to advocate effectively and address issues impacting seniors.\\nIf you receive extensive first aid training, consider signing up as a community first responder (specializing in elder care) with your local hospital.\\nAttend seminars and workshops at healthcare events that are specifically focused on elder care.\\n1-4. Help get seniors online.\\nOne major daily challenge faced by seniors is that they are unable to locate or access certain services they need because they lack vital computer literacy. Work with seniors in your community to get internet in their homes, and train them on basic computer skills.\\nVolunteer with a local group dedicated to providing senior technological literacy courses.\\nYou may also be able to volunteer as a guide or lab monitor at your local senior center or community center.\\nAsk the seniors you work with, “What are you goals when you go online?” so that you can provide specific guidance.\\nIf, for example, their main motivation is to communicate with family, you do not need to confuse them by also teaching them to pay their bills online.\\n2. Generating Awareness in Your Community\\n2-1. Host community forums.\\nYour local community center might serve as a good central location for area residents to gather and learn about the challenges of older adults. Many libraries also have meeting rooms that may be accessible for such gatherings.\\nInvite the elderly to speak about their concerns.\\nHearing the details of an older adult's health concerns, transportation issues or financial difficulties might inspire compassion and solutions from local residents.\\nAdvertise the event to local senior care, health care, and other community activists and organization groups.\\nPresent the event as a chance to meet with seniors in the community in order to understand their needs.\\nIncrease attendance at your community events by providing transportation for older adults who might not be able to attend otherwise.\\n2-2. Create a blog.\\nUse an online blogging or microblogging platform to develop content dedicated to the needs of the elderly. Older adults who are uncomfortable expressing their problems in person might be willing to submit them anonymously online.\\nInform the elderly about elder rights, local services and community activities that will help them to overcome loneliness, boredom and feelings of helplessness.\\nEncourage elderly readers to share concerns and challenges that may be going unheard.\\nAlso work on content dedicated to individuals trying to help the elderly.\\nProvide useful links to resources such as local advocacy groups, pages about what to do in cases of elder abuse, and volunteer organizations.\\n2-3. Find a community group.\\nJoin an organization dedicated to improving the lives of the elderly. Such organizations typically distribute information and articles about the legislative issues that affect the lives of older people. They may also work with elderly people directly to address the issues that matter to them.\\nFind community groups by contacting local senior communities or AARP to get recommendations.\\nVolunteer not only by attending meetings but by also distributing information in your neighborhood and around your community.\\nMake time to participate in local events, as well.\\n3. Working Politically\\n3-1. Work for an advocacy organization.\\nOne of the best ways to advocate for the elderly is to volunteer with or work for an organization that promotes intergenerational communication and engages in legislative advocacy. The National Council on Aging is a good place to start looking for groups and resources to join.\\nWork on a local level to promote or draft protective legislation that creates access to necessary services in your community.\\nHost public awareness events that encourage the community to work to protect elderly citizens.\\nPush for programs that connect older members of your community with resources that can help them medically, legally, and financially.\\n3-2. Write to legislative officials.\\nFinancial abuse of the elderly, inadequate healthcare,neglect and senior abuse, and lack of transportation services are important issues to bring to the attention of legislatures. Call or write your local and state representatives to let them know that the voting population wants to see more attention to care for the elderly.\\nYou may want to start a whole letter writing campaign to get more support behind the message.\\nWith proper permission and permits, set up a table at your local community center to help others draft and send in letters.\\nProvide pre-written letters that individuals can read and sign, along with addressed and stamped envelopes and a collections box so that you can take the letters in all at once.\\n3-3. Lobby at local events.\\nAdvocate through peaceful protest and demonstrations at local political events. Work with national advocacy groups to get resources and develop a plan of action. Then, gather individuals to participate in your demonstration.\\nPrepare materials in advance to distribute to the public advocating for senior issues.\\nInclude information in how people can get involved, such as writing to their congressional representative or voting on certain measures.\\nKeep your protest structured and peaceful. The focus should be on the message, not on causing a public scene.\\n4. Getting Employed as an Elder Care Advocate\\n4-1. Pick a care area.\\nThere are many ways you may be able to advocate professionally for the elderly. People work as patient advocates between elders and medical professionals, caregivers, or as coordinators helping elderly individuals enroll in medical or government benefit programs.\\nUnderstand that most forms of elder care will require some sort of training.\\nLook into the requirements for the field of elder advocacy that interests you and see if it is feasible for you to accomplish with your schedule and personal finances.\\nTalk to professionals in different fields of elder advocacy and ask them, \\\"What kind of training did you need for this job? What did the training prepare you for and what did it not cover?\\\"\\n4-2. Get your credentials.\\nOnce you have your field picked out, enroll in the courses or program necessary for you to get into your field. Check with local colleges, junior colleges, and community centers to see if they offer programs relevant to your field of interest.\\nEnroll in a patient advocacy certification program to learn about medical programs relevant to seniors and the type of specialized care necessary for the elderly.\\nPatient advocacy training will also teach you how to work with medical professionals to make sure patient needs are met.\\n4-3. Offer your services.\\nLook for employment in under-served elderly communities near you. Talk to local hospitals or nursing homes to see if your services are needed, or look at working as an independent, third-party contractor.\\nIf possible, opt for employment within the elder care community. Third party contracting may be costly for elderly citizens, and may only be accessible for some.\\nConsider non-traditional jobs such as those working with your local government or for a non-profit organization, as well as those directly within senior communities.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Advocates for the elderly examine issues that pose challenges for older adults and strive to improve their living conditions. Nursing home elder abuse, lack of access to medication and healthcare, and transportation challenges are a few examples of difficulties that some older adults face. Advocates help the elderly by focusing on pressing issues and creating greater public awareness. You can become an advocate for seniors by helping them individually where they live, spreading information and generating interest in your community, and working to encourage new policies that protect the elderly.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Helping With Daily Life\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Volunteer in a nursing home.\", \"描述\": \"Speaking to and spending time with the elderly will increase your awareness about their daily concerns and challenges. Issues you might observe include concerns about healthcare, common health challenges like dementia, unmet nutritional needs, social isolation,and a continued need for physical or recreational activities.\\nAsk the volunteer coordinators how you can help address issues you see impacting the daily life of those living at the home, on top of your regular volunteering.\\nIf you have a friendly dog or cat, ask if the home participates in an animal visitation program.\\nAnimal visitation programs aim to provide comfort and happiness to senior home residents.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Volunteer to help independent seniors.\", \"描述\": \"While many seniors live in a nursing home, many opt to stay at home and live independently. Volunteer to help them with household tasks, either by working with a local organization or directly contacting specific seniors you know.\\nHousehold chores and heavy lifting can be particularly difficult for some seniors.\\nOffer to perform basic home maintenance, such as cleaning out the gutters or making basic repairs to fixtures and appliances.\\nConsider working with a program that delivers meals or provides in-home visits for elderly individuals in your area.\\nThis helps seniors who cannot access a home or who wish to live independently to still get the care they need.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn basic healthcare practices.\", \"描述\": \"Healthcare is a major part of senior care, and you can help improve the lives of the seniors with whom you live or work by learning about healthcare practices and policies. Get certified in senior first aid, CPR, and AED, or attend healthcare conferences to learn more about senior care.\\nCheck course listing at your local community centers or community colleges to see if senior first aid and emergency care classes are offered.\\nTalk to a local senior center to find resources for learning about senior care.\\nTry to learn about the physical, social, emotional, and mental health of the elderly in order to advocate effectively and address issues impacting seniors.\\nIf you receive extensive first aid training, consider signing up as a community first responder (specializing in elder care) with your local hospital.\\nAttend seminars and workshops at healthcare events that are specifically focused on elder care.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Help get seniors online.\", \"描述\": \"One major daily challenge faced by seniors is that they are unable to locate or access certain services they need because they lack vital computer literacy. Work with seniors in your community to get internet in their homes, and train them on basic computer skills.\\nVolunteer with a local group dedicated to providing senior technological literacy courses.\\nYou may also be able to volunteer as a guide or lab monitor at your local senior center or community center.\\nAsk the seniors you work with, “What are you goals when you go online?” so that you can provide specific guidance.\\nIf, for example, their main motivation is to communicate with family, you do not need to confuse them by also teaching them to pay their bills online.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Generating Awareness in Your Community\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Host community forums.\", \"描述\": \"Your local community center might serve as a good central location for area residents to gather and learn about the challenges of older adults. Many libraries also have meeting rooms that may be accessible for such gatherings.\\nInvite the elderly to speak about their concerns.\\nHearing the details of an older adult's health concerns, transportation issues or financial difficulties might inspire compassion and solutions from local residents.\\nAdvertise the event to local senior care, health care, and other community activists and organization groups.\\nPresent the event as a chance to meet with seniors in the community in order to understand their needs.\\nIncrease attendance at your community events by providing transportation for older adults who might not be able to attend otherwise.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Create a blog.\", \"描述\": \"Use an online blogging or microblogging platform to develop content dedicated to the needs of the elderly. Older adults who are uncomfortable expressing their problems in person might be willing to submit them anonymously online.\\nInform the elderly about elder rights, local services and community activities that will help them to overcome loneliness, boredom and feelings of helplessness.\\nEncourage elderly readers to share concerns and challenges that may be going unheard.\\nAlso work on content dedicated to individuals trying to help the elderly.\\nProvide useful links to resources such as local advocacy groups, pages about what to do in cases of elder abuse, and volunteer organizations.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find a community group.\", \"描述\": \"Join an organization dedicated to improving the lives of the elderly. Such organizations typically distribute information and articles about the legislative issues that affect the lives of older people. They may also work with elderly people directly to address the issues that matter to them.\\nFind community groups by contacting local senior communities or AARP to get recommendations.\\nVolunteer not only by attending meetings but by also distributing information in your neighborhood and around your community.\\nMake time to participate in local events, as well.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Working Politically\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Work for an advocacy organization.\", \"描述\": \"One of the best ways to advocate for the elderly is to volunteer with or work for an organization that promotes intergenerational communication and engages in legislative advocacy. The National Council on Aging is a good place to start looking for groups and resources to join.\\nWork on a local level to promote or draft protective legislation that creates access to necessary services in your community.\\nHost public awareness events that encourage the community to work to protect elderly citizens.\\nPush for programs that connect older members of your community with resources that can help them medically, legally, and financially.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Write to legislative officials.\", \"描述\": \"Financial abuse of the elderly, inadequate healthcare,neglect and senior abuse, and lack of transportation services are important issues to bring to the attention of legislatures. Call or write your local and state representatives to let them know that the voting population wants to see more attention to care for the elderly.\\nYou may want to start a whole letter writing campaign to get more support behind the message.\\nWith proper permission and permits, set up a table at your local community center to help others draft and send in letters.\\nProvide pre-written letters that individuals can read and sign, along with addressed and stamped envelopes and a collections box so that you can take the letters in all at once.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Lobby at local events.\", \"描述\": \"Advocate through peaceful protest and demonstrations at local political events. Work with national advocacy groups to get resources and develop a plan of action. Then, gather individuals to participate in your demonstration.\\nPrepare materials in advance to distribute to the public advocating for senior issues.\\nInclude information in how people can get involved, such as writing to their congressional representative or voting on certain measures.\\nKeep your protest structured and peaceful. The focus should be on the message, not on causing a public scene.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Getting Employed as an Elder Care Advocate\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pick a care area.\", \"描述\": \"There are many ways you may be able to advocate professionally for the elderly. People work as patient advocates between elders and medical professionals, caregivers, or as coordinators helping elderly individuals enroll in medical or government benefit programs.\\nUnderstand that most forms of elder care will require some sort of training.\\nLook into the requirements for the field of elder advocacy that interests you and see if it is feasible for you to accomplish with your schedule and personal finances.\\nTalk to professionals in different fields of elder advocacy and ask them, \\\"What kind of training did you need for this job? What did the training prepare you for and what did it not cover?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get your credentials.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have your field picked out, enroll in the courses or program necessary for you to get into your field. Check with local colleges, junior colleges, and community centers to see if they offer programs relevant to your field of interest.\\nEnroll in a patient advocacy certification program to learn about medical programs relevant to seniors and the type of specialized care necessary for the elderly.\\nPatient advocacy training will also teach you how to work with medical professionals to make sure patient needs are met.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Offer your services.\", \"描述\": \"Look for employment in under-served elderly communities near you. Talk to local hospitals or nursing homes to see if your services are needed, or look at working as an independent, third-party contractor.\\nIf possible, opt for employment within the elder care community. Third party contracting may be costly for elderly citizens, and may only be accessible for some.\\nConsider non-traditional jobs such as those working with your local government or for a non-profit organization, as well as those directly within senior communities.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,913 |
How to Become an Aerospace Engineer
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1. Getting the Right Education
1-1. Develop sound math and science skills in high school.
Aerospace engineering requires advanced science and math skills. Take classes in chemistry, physics, algebra, calculus, and trigonometry in high school to get a head-start on developing the skills you’ll need.
Put your best effort into these classes so you can earn high marks. A high GPA will help you get into a good aerospace engineering program in college.
Participate in related extracurricular activities, such as joining an astronomy or computer programming club or participating in a science or engineering competition.
1-2. Strengthen your analytical skills.
It’s important to have critical thinking and analytical skills for a career in aerospace engineering. You’ll need to solve complex problems using either concrete or intuitive methods. Playing mental games like crossword puzzles, chess, and other strategy games will help you develop these skills.
1-3. Get a Bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering.
Apply to several colleges and universities with aerospace engineering programs to give yourself options when acceptance letters arrive. Make sure each university you apply to is ABET-accredited (ABET is the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology), as most employers will not recognize degrees from universities that are not.
1-4. Take classes in writing and business.
An aerospace engineer will also need strong writing skills in order to document their work and write papers that clearly describe their designs. You’ll also need knowledge of business practices and commercial law, so you should take both writing and business classes in college.
1-5. Earn a graduate degree.
If you’re truly dedicated to becoming an aerospace engineer, you should earn a Master’s or Doctorate degree in the field. Though this will add between two and four years to your studies, it is worth it to begin your career with the best education possible.
You’ll need to take the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) before applying to grad school.
While in grad school, it’s important that you complete and do well in all the required coursework.
Earning a graduate degree requires you to research and complete an original thesis.
2. Gaining Experience
2-1. Complete a summer co-op or internship.
Some universities and colleges offer cooperative programs or internships for students. These programs pair you with experienced members in the aerospace engineering industry to allow you to gain practical experience and exposure to the professional environment while completing your degree.
Completing a co-op or internship will also provide you the opportunity to network and acquire professional references.
2-2. Apply for an apprenticeship.
Doing an apprenticeship will provide you with valuable experience as an aerospace engineer. Not only will you learn the basic requirements of the job, but you’ll also be able to pick up tips and tricks from someone who knows all the ins and outs of aerospace engineering. Several of the NASA field centers offer apprenticeship programs, lasting from 10 weeks to five years.
For NASA apprenticeships, you must be in the process of obtaining, or already have, a degree in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics.
You’ll need a GPA of 3.0 or higher and you must be a U.S. citizen or a legal permanent resident. You can apply online on the NASA website.
2-3. Work as an aerospace engineer technician.
You may find that it’s easier to become a technician in the field of aerospace engineering. Consider taking a position as a technician to gain valuable experience and make connections in the industry. You may even be able to work as a technician part time while you’re finishing your studies, as less education is required for this position.
2-4. Join professional societies and organizations.
There are several societies and organizations you can join, such as the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), SAE International, and the Sigma Gamma Tau: National Aerospace Engineering Honor Society. You’ll be able to attend industry events, receive trade publications, and even visit a career center specifically targeted toward engineers.
The AIAA only charges a $25 membership fee for students, while the SAE membership ranges from $95-$285, depending on the benefits.
The Sigma Gamma Tau: National Aerospace Engineering Honor Society doesn’t charge a membership fee, although you must have completed three semesters of work toward a Bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering.
2-5. Find a mentor in the industry.
A great way to gain experience and make connections is to find a mentor in the industry of aerospace engineering. If you have a good relationship with one of your professors or supervisors of your internship, co-op, or apprenticeship, talk to them about becoming your mentor.
The AIAA as well as the Architecture, Construction, and Engineering (ACE) Mentor Program of America can also help pair you up with a mentor in the industry.
Send an email to or speak with the person you’d like to become your mentor. Say something like, “I really admire your dedication to and knowledge of aerospace engineering. I’m looking for a mentor in the industry to help me learn the ropes and make connections. Would you be interested in, and have the time to, be my mentor?”
3. Establishing Your Career
3-1. Apply with manufacturing companies.
While working for a manufacturing company, you will provide technical expertise as well as troubleshoot projects during all stages of a project, from development from implementation. The ASRC Aerospace Corporation, Boeing Co., SpaceX, and the United Space Alliance are a few examples of manufacturing companies you could contact.
3-2. Apply with engineering services firms.
There are many engineering service firms that require aerospace engineers to use statistical tools to perform modeling and prediction as well as develop standards and guidelines. Contact companies like Ball Aerospace, Lockheed Martin, and Woodward, Inc. to find jobs in your area.
3-3. Apply with federal agencies.
Federal agencies, including the military as well as NASA, need qualified aerospace engineers to develop and test propulsion units for spacecraft, aircraft, and missiles. To find and apply for jobs from these agencies, visit the NASA careers website (nasajobs.nasa.gov) as well as government websites (such as usajobs.gov).
3-4. Get licensed.
If you get a Professional Engineer’s (PE) license, you’ll be qualified for higher levels of leadership in the aerospace engineering field. To get your PE license, you’ll need an ABET-accredited degree as well as four years of work experience. You’ll also need to pass both the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam and the Professional Engineering (PE) exam.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:10",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting the Right Education\\n1-1. Develop sound math and science skills in high school.\\nAerospace engineering requires advanced science and math skills. Take classes in chemistry, physics, algebra, calculus, and trigonometry in high school to get a head-start on developing the skills you’ll need.\\nPut your best effort into these classes so you can earn high marks. A high GPA will help you get into a good aerospace engineering program in college.\\nParticipate in related extracurricular activities, such as joining an astronomy or computer programming club or participating in a science or engineering competition.\\n1-2. Strengthen your analytical skills.\\nIt’s important to have critical thinking and analytical skills for a career in aerospace engineering. You’ll need to solve complex problems using either concrete or intuitive methods. Playing mental games like crossword puzzles, chess, and other strategy games will help you develop these skills.\\n1-3. Get a Bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering.\\nApply to several colleges and universities with aerospace engineering programs to give yourself options when acceptance letters arrive. Make sure each university you apply to is ABET-accredited (ABET is the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology), as most employers will not recognize degrees from universities that are not.\\n1-4. Take classes in writing and business.\\nAn aerospace engineer will also need strong writing skills in order to document their work and write papers that clearly describe their designs. You’ll also need knowledge of business practices and commercial law, so you should take both writing and business classes in college.\\n1-5. Earn a graduate degree.\\nIf you’re truly dedicated to becoming an aerospace engineer, you should earn a Master’s or Doctorate degree in the field. Though this will add between two and four years to your studies, it is worth it to begin your career with the best education possible.\\nYou’ll need to take the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) before applying to grad school.\\nWhile in grad school, it’s important that you complete and do well in all the required coursework.\\nEarning a graduate degree requires you to research and complete an original thesis.\\n2. Gaining Experience\\n2-1. Complete a summer co-op or internship.\\nSome universities and colleges offer cooperative programs or internships for students. These programs pair you with experienced members in the aerospace engineering industry to allow you to gain practical experience and exposure to the professional environment while completing your degree.\\nCompleting a co-op or internship will also provide you the opportunity to network and acquire professional references.\\n2-2. Apply for an apprenticeship.\\nDoing an apprenticeship will provide you with valuable experience as an aerospace engineer. Not only will you learn the basic requirements of the job, but you’ll also be able to pick up tips and tricks from someone who knows all the ins and outs of aerospace engineering. Several of the NASA field centers offer apprenticeship programs, lasting from 10 weeks to five years.\\nFor NASA apprenticeships, you must be in the process of obtaining, or already have, a degree in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics.\\nYou’ll need a GPA of 3.0 or higher and you must be a U.S. citizen or a legal permanent resident. You can apply online on the NASA website.\\n2-3. Work as an aerospace engineer technician.\\nYou may find that it’s easier to become a technician in the field of aerospace engineering. Consider taking a position as a technician to gain valuable experience and make connections in the industry. You may even be able to work as a technician part time while you’re finishing your studies, as less education is required for this position.\\n2-4. Join professional societies and organizations.\\nThere are several societies and organizations you can join, such as the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), SAE International, and the Sigma Gamma Tau: National Aerospace Engineering Honor Society. You’ll be able to attend industry events, receive trade publications, and even visit a career center specifically targeted toward engineers.\\nThe AIAA only charges a $25 membership fee for students, while the SAE membership ranges from $95-$285, depending on the benefits.\\nThe Sigma Gamma Tau: National Aerospace Engineering Honor Society doesn’t charge a membership fee, although you must have completed three semesters of work toward a Bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering.\\n2-5. Find a mentor in the industry.\\nA great way to gain experience and make connections is to find a mentor in the industry of aerospace engineering. If you have a good relationship with one of your professors or supervisors of your internship, co-op, or apprenticeship, talk to them about becoming your mentor.\\nThe AIAA as well as the Architecture, Construction, and Engineering (ACE) Mentor Program of America can also help pair you up with a mentor in the industry.\\nSend an email to or speak with the person you’d like to become your mentor. Say something like, “I really admire your dedication to and knowledge of aerospace engineering. I’m looking for a mentor in the industry to help me learn the ropes and make connections. Would you be interested in, and have the time to, be my mentor?”\\n3. Establishing Your Career\\n3-1. Apply with manufacturing companies.\\nWhile working for a manufacturing company, you will provide technical expertise as well as troubleshoot projects during all stages of a project, from development from implementation. The ASRC Aerospace Corporation, Boeing Co., SpaceX, and the United Space Alliance are a few examples of manufacturing companies you could contact.\\n3-2. Apply with engineering services firms.\\nThere are many engineering service firms that require aerospace engineers to use statistical tools to perform modeling and prediction as well as develop standards and guidelines. Contact companies like Ball Aerospace, Lockheed Martin, and Woodward, Inc. to find jobs in your area.\\n3-3. Apply with federal agencies.\\nFederal agencies, including the military as well as NASA, need qualified aerospace engineers to develop and test propulsion units for spacecraft, aircraft, and missiles. To find and apply for jobs from these agencies, visit the NASA careers website (nasajobs.nasa.gov) as well as government websites (such as usajobs.gov).\\n3-4. Get licensed.\\nIf you get a Professional Engineer’s (PE) license, you’ll be qualified for higher levels of leadership in the aerospace engineering field. To get your PE license, you’ll need an ABET-accredited degree as well as four years of work experience. You’ll also need to pass both the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam and the Professional Engineering (PE) exam.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you have passion for spacecraft or aircraft, in addition to strong math and physics skills, then a career as an aerospace engineer may be a great fit for you. Aerospace engineers design aircraft, spacecraft, and propulsion systems. It is one of the most challenging fields of engineering and requires special academic qualifications and training. However, if you get the right education and gain experience in the field, you’ll have no problem establishing your career in aerospace engineering.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting the Right Education\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Develop sound math and science skills in high school.\", \"描述\": \"Aerospace engineering requires advanced science and math skills. Take classes in chemistry, physics, algebra, calculus, and trigonometry in high school to get a head-start on developing the skills you’ll need.\\nPut your best effort into these classes so you can earn high marks. A high GPA will help you get into a good aerospace engineering program in college.\\nParticipate in related extracurricular activities, such as joining an astronomy or computer programming club or participating in a science or engineering competition.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Strengthen your analytical skills.\", \"描述\": \"It’s important to have critical thinking and analytical skills for a career in aerospace engineering. You’ll need to solve complex problems using either concrete or intuitive methods. Playing mental games like crossword puzzles, chess, and other strategy games will help you develop these skills.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a Bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering.\", \"描述\": \"Apply to several colleges and universities with aerospace engineering programs to give yourself options when acceptance letters arrive. Make sure each university you apply to is ABET-accredited (ABET is the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology), as most employers will not recognize degrees from universities that are not.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take classes in writing and business.\", \"描述\": \"An aerospace engineer will also need strong writing skills in order to document their work and write papers that clearly describe their designs. You’ll also need knowledge of business practices and commercial law, so you should take both writing and business classes in college.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Earn a graduate degree.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re truly dedicated to becoming an aerospace engineer, you should earn a Master’s or Doctorate degree in the field. Though this will add between two and four years to your studies, it is worth it to begin your career with the best education possible.\\nYou’ll need to take the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) before applying to grad school.\\nWhile in grad school, it’s important that you complete and do well in all the required coursework.\\nEarning a graduate degree requires you to research and complete an original thesis.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Gaining Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete a summer co-op or internship.\", \"描述\": \"Some universities and colleges offer cooperative programs or internships for students. These programs pair you with experienced members in the aerospace engineering industry to allow you to gain practical experience and exposure to the professional environment while completing your degree.\\nCompleting a co-op or internship will also provide you the opportunity to network and acquire professional references.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply for an apprenticeship.\", \"描述\": \"Doing an apprenticeship will provide you with valuable experience as an aerospace engineer. Not only will you learn the basic requirements of the job, but you’ll also be able to pick up tips and tricks from someone who knows all the ins and outs of aerospace engineering. Several of the NASA field centers offer apprenticeship programs, lasting from 10 weeks to five years.\\nFor NASA apprenticeships, you must be in the process of obtaining, or already have, a degree in science, technology, engineering, or mathematics.\\nYou’ll need a GPA of 3.0 or higher and you must be a U.S. citizen or a legal permanent resident. You can apply online on the NASA website.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work as an aerospace engineer technician.\", \"描述\": \"You may find that it’s easier to become a technician in the field of aerospace engineering. Consider taking a position as a technician to gain valuable experience and make connections in the industry. You may even be able to work as a technician part time while you’re finishing your studies, as less education is required for this position.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Join professional societies and organizations.\", \"描述\": \"There are several societies and organizations you can join, such as the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), SAE International, and the Sigma Gamma Tau: National Aerospace Engineering Honor Society. You’ll be able to attend industry events, receive trade publications, and even visit a career center specifically targeted toward engineers.\\nThe AIAA only charges a $25 membership fee for students, while the SAE membership ranges from $95-$285, depending on the benefits.\\nThe Sigma Gamma Tau: National Aerospace Engineering Honor Society doesn’t charge a membership fee, although you must have completed three semesters of work toward a Bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Find a mentor in the industry.\", \"描述\": \"A great way to gain experience and make connections is to find a mentor in the industry of aerospace engineering. If you have a good relationship with one of your professors or supervisors of your internship, co-op, or apprenticeship, talk to them about becoming your mentor.\\nThe AIAA as well as the Architecture, Construction, and Engineering (ACE) Mentor Program of America can also help pair you up with a mentor in the industry.\\nSend an email to or speak with the person you’d like to become your mentor. Say something like, “I really admire your dedication to and knowledge of aerospace engineering. I’m looking for a mentor in the industry to help me learn the ropes and make connections. Would you be interested in, and have the time to, be my mentor?”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Establishing Your Career\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Apply with manufacturing companies.\", \"描述\": \"While working for a manufacturing company, you will provide technical expertise as well as troubleshoot projects during all stages of a project, from development from implementation. The ASRC Aerospace Corporation, Boeing Co., SpaceX, and the United Space Alliance are a few examples of manufacturing companies you could contact.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply with engineering services firms.\", \"描述\": \"There are many engineering service firms that require aerospace engineers to use statistical tools to perform modeling and prediction as well as develop standards and guidelines. Contact companies like Ball Aerospace, Lockheed Martin, and Woodward, Inc. to find jobs in your area.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Apply with federal agencies.\", \"描述\": \"Federal agencies, including the military as well as NASA, need qualified aerospace engineers to develop and test propulsion units for spacecraft, aircraft, and missiles. To find and apply for jobs from these agencies, visit the NASA careers website (nasajobs.nasa.gov) as well as government websites (such as usajobs.gov).\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get licensed.\", \"描述\": \"If you get a Professional Engineer’s (PE) license, you’ll be qualified for higher levels of leadership in the aerospace engineering field. To get your PE license, you’ll need an ABET-accredited degree as well as four years of work experience. You’ll also need to pass both the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam and the Professional Engineering (PE) exam.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,914 |
How to Become an Affiliate Marketer Without a Website
|
1. Online Discussion Communities
1-1. Locate online communities relevant to the affiliate you are promoting.
Examples of such communities are forums, discussion boards, chat rooms, and blogs.
Perform an Internet search using keywords such as "forum" or "discussion board" with the subject of the affiliates you are promoting. For example, if you are promoting exercise equipment, search for "exercise forum" or "fitness forum."
1-2. Actively participate in each online community.
This practice may help boost your affiliate income when members begin to view you as an active, trusted presence on each website.
Engage in discussions and participate in online events on a daily or weekly basis. You can also start discussions about topics that are relevant to the products you are promoting through the affiliate links.
1-3. Review member policies on every community website.
This procedure will allow you to verify if you are allowed to post affiliate links to these sites. Some online communities may prohibit affiliate links and consider the links as advertising spam.
1-4. Review your account settings on every website.
If you belong to a forum or discussion group that requires you to register for an account, you may be able to take advantage of a signature box in which you can post affiliate links. The signature box can then be displayed each time you reply to or write a post on the website.
2. E-books
2-1. Choose an e-book topic that is related to your affiliates.
For example, if you team up with an affiliate that sells fitness equipment, you may want to write an e-book about different workout techniques that involve the fitness equipment.
Choose a topic you are knowledgeable about. You may earn more from your affiliates if readers gain value from the information you are providing.
2-2. Embed affiliate links into sections of your e-book.
For example, if your e-book is about fitness, you can write about the importance of wearing appropriate running shoes during your workout, then embed affiliate links for a specific brand of running shoes that you recommend to your readers.
Include affiliate banners and pictures within your e-book. Banners and pictures that contain affiliate links may aesthetically enhance the presentation of information within your e-book.
3. Email
3-1. Write articles about the affiliate products you are promoting.
Readers are more likely to click on affiliate links within articles that contain information that can benefit them; as opposed to links within promotional emails written specifically for the sake of advertising.
3-2. Place affiliate links throughout the body of the article.
For example, if you are marketing video games or video game systems, you can write an article about the best sporting games available on the market. You can then place affiliate links for each video game within each summary that describes each game.
3-3. Send the email to your customers.
Your customers may be actual clients, or they can be friends, family, or members of an online community you belong to. For example, if you have a brick-and-mortar used video game business, you can encourage your customers to provide you with their email addresses so you can send them emails.
4. Article Websites
4-1. Join websites that allow you to contribute content.
A variety of websites exist that allow you to register for an account and contribute articles or reviews on many topics.
Perform an Internet search using keywords such as "article directory" to locate free websites that will allow you to publish articles.
Search for article or review websites that cater specifically to your affiliate niche. For example, if you want to promote affiliates that sell books, you can search for book review websites that allow you to post affiliate links next to your own book reviews.
4-2. Review the policies of each website you join.
Some websites may limit the amount of affiliate links you can place into each article.
4-3. Write reviews or articles related to your affiliates.
Internet users who land on your article page may be searching for information or products that they want or need.
4-4. Embed the affiliate links into your articles before publication.
Visitors to the article website will then have the opportunity to click on the affiliate links within your articles.
Tips
Post affiliate links on social media websites you belong to. Your followers or friends may be inclined to purchase the affiliate products if they already have an established and trusted relationship with you.[6]
X
Research source
Post articles or affiliate links on websites that feature classified ads. Someone in your local area may be searching for a specific product or service that can benefit them; causing them to land on your page that contains the affiliate links.
Warnings
You can market affiliates using pay-per-click advertising; however, some websites and search engines have algorithms and certain listing strategies in place that may not allow your affiliate links to be featured at all times.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:10",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Online Discussion Communities\\n1-1. Locate online communities relevant to the affiliate you are promoting.\\nExamples of such communities are forums, discussion boards, chat rooms, and blogs.\\nPerform an Internet search using keywords such as \\\"forum\\\" or \\\"discussion board\\\" with the subject of the affiliates you are promoting. For example, if you are promoting exercise equipment, search for \\\"exercise forum\\\" or \\\"fitness forum.\\\"\\n1-2. Actively participate in each online community.\\nThis practice may help boost your affiliate income when members begin to view you as an active, trusted presence on each website.\\nEngage in discussions and participate in online events on a daily or weekly basis. You can also start discussions about topics that are relevant to the products you are promoting through the affiliate links.\\n1-3. Review member policies on every community website.\\nThis procedure will allow you to verify if you are allowed to post affiliate links to these sites. Some online communities may prohibit affiliate links and consider the links as advertising spam.\\n1-4. Review your account settings on every website.\\nIf you belong to a forum or discussion group that requires you to register for an account, you may be able to take advantage of a signature box in which you can post affiliate links. The signature box can then be displayed each time you reply to or write a post on the website.\\n2. E-books\\n2-1. Choose an e-book topic that is related to your affiliates.\\nFor example, if you team up with an affiliate that sells fitness equipment, you may want to write an e-book about different workout techniques that involve the fitness equipment.\\nChoose a topic you are knowledgeable about. You may earn more from your affiliates if readers gain value from the information you are providing.\\n2-2. Embed affiliate links into sections of your e-book.\\nFor example, if your e-book is about fitness, you can write about the importance of wearing appropriate running shoes during your workout, then embed affiliate links for a specific brand of running shoes that you recommend to your readers.\\nInclude affiliate banners and pictures within your e-book. Banners and pictures that contain affiliate links may aesthetically enhance the presentation of information within your e-book.\\n3. Email\\n3-1. Write articles about the affiliate products you are promoting.\\nReaders are more likely to click on affiliate links within articles that contain information that can benefit them; as opposed to links within promotional emails written specifically for the sake of advertising.\\n3-2. Place affiliate links throughout the body of the article.\\nFor example, if you are marketing video games or video game systems, you can write an article about the best sporting games available on the market. You can then place affiliate links for each video game within each summary that describes each game.\\n3-3. Send the email to your customers.\\nYour customers may be actual clients, or they can be friends, family, or members of an online community you belong to. For example, if you have a brick-and-mortar used video game business, you can encourage your customers to provide you with their email addresses so you can send them emails.\\n4. Article Websites\\n4-1. Join websites that allow you to contribute content.\\nA variety of websites exist that allow you to register for an account and contribute articles or reviews on many topics.\\nPerform an Internet search using keywords such as \\\"article directory\\\" to locate free websites that will allow you to publish articles.\\nSearch for article or review websites that cater specifically to your affiliate niche. For example, if you want to promote affiliates that sell books, you can search for book review websites that allow you to post affiliate links next to your own book reviews.\\n4-2. Review the policies of each website you join.\\nSome websites may limit the amount of affiliate links you can place into each article.\\n4-3. Write reviews or articles related to your affiliates.\\nInternet users who land on your article page may be searching for information or products that they want or need.\\n4-4. Embed the affiliate links into your articles before publication.\\nVisitors to the article website will then have the opportunity to click on the affiliate links within your articles.\\nTips\\nPost affiliate links on social media websites you belong to. Your followers or friends may be inclined to purchase the affiliate products if they already have an established and trusted relationship with you.[6]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nPost articles or affiliate links on websites that feature classified ads. Someone in your local area may be searching for a specific product or service that can benefit them; causing them to land on your page that contains the affiliate links.\\nWarnings\\nYou can market affiliates using pay-per-click advertising; however, some websites and search engines have algorithms and certain listing strategies in place that may not allow your affiliate links to be featured at all times.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"There are several ways to market products by means of affiliate marketing on the Internet without having your own website. You can become an affiliate marketer by incorporating affiliate links into the body of emails you send, posting affiliate links in discussion communities such as forums, discussion boards, or blogs, writing articles on websites that feature user-generated content, and also, writing e-books that feature embedded affiliate links.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Online Discussion Communities\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate online communities relevant to the affiliate you are promoting.\", \"描述\": \"Examples of such communities are forums, discussion boards, chat rooms, and blogs.\\nPerform an Internet search using keywords such as \\\"forum\\\" or \\\"discussion board\\\" with the subject of the affiliates you are promoting. For example, if you are promoting exercise equipment, search for \\\"exercise forum\\\" or \\\"fitness forum.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Actively participate in each online community.\", \"描述\": \"This practice may help boost your affiliate income when members begin to view you as an active, trusted presence on each website.\\nEngage in discussions and participate in online events on a daily or weekly basis. You can also start discussions about topics that are relevant to the products you are promoting through the affiliate links.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Review member policies on every community website.\", \"描述\": \"This procedure will allow you to verify if you are allowed to post affiliate links to these sites. Some online communities may prohibit affiliate links and consider the links as advertising spam.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Review your account settings on every website.\", \"描述\": \"If you belong to a forum or discussion group that requires you to register for an account, you may be able to take advantage of a signature box in which you can post affiliate links. The signature box can then be displayed each time you reply to or write a post on the website.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"E-books\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose an e-book topic that is related to your affiliates.\", \"描述\": \"For example, if you team up with an affiliate that sells fitness equipment, you may want to write an e-book about different workout techniques that involve the fitness equipment.\\nChoose a topic you are knowledgeable about. You may earn more from your affiliates if readers gain value from the information you are providing.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Embed affiliate links into sections of your e-book.\", \"描述\": \"For example, if your e-book is about fitness, you can write about the importance of wearing appropriate running shoes during your workout, then embed affiliate links for a specific brand of running shoes that you recommend to your readers.\\nInclude affiliate banners and pictures within your e-book. Banners and pictures that contain affiliate links may aesthetically enhance the presentation of information within your e-book.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Email\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Write articles about the affiliate products you are promoting.\", \"描述\": \"Readers are more likely to click on affiliate links within articles that contain information that can benefit them; as opposed to links within promotional emails written specifically for the sake of advertising.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Place affiliate links throughout the body of the article.\", \"描述\": \"For example, if you are marketing video games or video game systems, you can write an article about the best sporting games available on the market. You can then place affiliate links for each video game within each summary that describes each game.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Send the email to your customers.\", \"描述\": \"Your customers may be actual clients, or they can be friends, family, or members of an online community you belong to. For example, if you have a brick-and-mortar used video game business, you can encourage your customers to provide you with their email addresses so you can send them emails.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Article Websites\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Join websites that allow you to contribute content.\", \"描述\": \"A variety of websites exist that allow you to register for an account and contribute articles or reviews on many topics.\\nPerform an Internet search using keywords such as \\\"article directory\\\" to locate free websites that will allow you to publish articles.\\nSearch for article or review websites that cater specifically to your affiliate niche. For example, if you want to promote affiliates that sell books, you can search for book review websites that allow you to post affiliate links next to your own book reviews.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Review the policies of each website you join.\", \"描述\": \"Some websites may limit the amount of affiliate links you can place into each article.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Write reviews or articles related to your affiliates.\", \"描述\": \"Internet users who land on your article page may be searching for information or products that they want or need.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Embed the affiliate links into your articles before publication.\", \"描述\": \"Visitors to the article website will then have the opportunity to click on the affiliate links within your articles.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Post affiliate links on social media websites you belong to. Your followers or friends may be inclined to purchase the affiliate products if they already have an established and trusted relationship with you.[6]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Post articles or affiliate links on websites that feature classified ads. Someone in your local area may be searching for a specific product or service that can benefit them; causing them to land on your page that contains the affiliate links.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"You can market affiliates using pay-per-click advertising; however, some websites and search engines have algorithms and certain listing strategies in place that may not allow your affiliate links to be featured at all times.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
|
wikihow
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5,915 |
How to Become an Agent for Cruises
|
1. Steps
1-1. Evaluate your passion for cruising.
In order to become an agent for cruises and to be successful at it, you must really love cruises.
Go on a few cruises yourself. If you want to help people book their own cruises, you should have some experience on board different cruise lines and at different ports of call.
1-2. Get to know cruise destinations and different excursions and opportunities offered by the major cruise lines.
Study itineraries, cruise ship amenities and on board entertainment. Look at cruises offered by all the major cruise lines such as Carnival Cruises, Royal Caribbean International, Princess Cruises and Norwegian Cruise Lines.
1-3. Gain sales experience.
Successful cruise agents have experience selling other types of products and services.
Work in a retail shop, sell cosmetics from your home or try telemarketing and phone sales. Learning how to talk about different products and services towards the goal of getting customers to buy them will help you develop the sales skills you need to sell cruises.
1-4. Demonstrate great customer service skills.
Customers will need you to help them book their dream vacations. You will need to be able to communicate with and help many different types of people.
1-5. Work in the travel business in other capacities.
Experience working in hotels, resorts, travel agencies and other vacation destinations will help you become a good cruise agent.
1-6. Take training classes.
Several online schools and local colleges offer training in becoming a travel agent.
Check out websites advertising for cruise agents. Several travel agencies are looking for agents online who can work from home to sell cruises. CruiseMagic.com and others will train you on how to sell cruises, and then allow you to build your own business doing so.
1-7. Become a certified cruise agent.
Cruise Lines International Association, Inc. (CLIA) offers a certification program for people who want to become cruise agents.
Take the required online classes, seminars and exams to complete the credits you need for certification.
Apply for 1 of the 4 levels of certification offered through CLIA.
1-8. Use your certification and training to get a job with a travel agency, cruise line, or to work for yourself as an agent.
Work for a cruise line in one of their call centers, or as a sales manager. Instead of generating your own leads as a cruise agent, you will take calls and inquiries from customers and help them book their cruises with the specific cruise line you support.
1-9. Expect to work on commission.
Cruise agents only make money when they sell cruises. According to CruiseMagic, a first-year agent who devotes 30 hours per week to selling cruises can make around $20,000 that year.
Tips
Talk to travel agents and cruise agents to find out how they started in the field.
Take advantage of discounted vacations. One of the perks of being a cruise agent is that you will often be eligible for free or deeply discounted cruises in order to help sell them.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:10",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Evaluate your passion for cruising.\\nIn order to become an agent for cruises and to be successful at it, you must really love cruises.\\nGo on a few cruises yourself. If you want to help people book their own cruises, you should have some experience on board different cruise lines and at different ports of call.\\n1-2. Get to know cruise destinations and different excursions and opportunities offered by the major cruise lines.\\nStudy itineraries, cruise ship amenities and on board entertainment. Look at cruises offered by all the major cruise lines such as Carnival Cruises, Royal Caribbean International, Princess Cruises and Norwegian Cruise Lines.\\n1-3. Gain sales experience.\\nSuccessful cruise agents have experience selling other types of products and services.\\nWork in a retail shop, sell cosmetics from your home or try telemarketing and phone sales. Learning how to talk about different products and services towards the goal of getting customers to buy them will help you develop the sales skills you need to sell cruises.\\n1-4. Demonstrate great customer service skills.\\nCustomers will need you to help them book their dream vacations. You will need to be able to communicate with and help many different types of people.\\n1-5. Work in the travel business in other capacities.\\nExperience working in hotels, resorts, travel agencies and other vacation destinations will help you become a good cruise agent.\\n1-6. Take training classes.\\nSeveral online schools and local colleges offer training in becoming a travel agent.\\nCheck out websites advertising for cruise agents. Several travel agencies are looking for agents online who can work from home to sell cruises. CruiseMagic.com and others will train you on how to sell cruises, and then allow you to build your own business doing so.\\n1-7. Become a certified cruise agent.\\nCruise Lines International Association, Inc. (CLIA) offers a certification program for people who want to become cruise agents.\\nTake the required online classes, seminars and exams to complete the credits you need for certification.\\nApply for 1 of the 4 levels of certification offered through CLIA.\\n1-8. Use your certification and training to get a job with a travel agency, cruise line, or to work for yourself as an agent.\\nWork for a cruise line in one of their call centers, or as a sales manager. Instead of generating your own leads as a cruise agent, you will take calls and inquiries from customers and help them book their cruises with the specific cruise line you support.\\n1-9. Expect to work on commission.\\nCruise agents only make money when they sell cruises. According to CruiseMagic, a first-year agent who devotes 30 hours per week to selling cruises can make around $20,000 that year.\\nTips\\nTalk to travel agents and cruise agents to find out how they started in the field.\\nTake advantage of discounted vacations. One of the perks of being a cruise agent is that you will often be eligible for free or deeply discounted cruises in order to help sell them.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Cruising is a popular way for people to vacation. Those who choose to cruise enjoy having an all-inclusive vacation, where their accommodations, food and entertainment are all paid for ahead of time. There are many different destinations and ships to choose from. The job of a cruise agent is to help customers choose the cruise that is right for them. Cruise agents sell cruise packages and make recommendations to customers who are not sure what they want. Become an agent for cruises by learning everything you can about cruise ships and destinations, practicing your sales techniques, and selling vacations.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Evaluate your passion for cruising.\", \"描述\": \"In order to become an agent for cruises and to be successful at it, you must really love cruises.\\nGo on a few cruises yourself. If you want to help people book their own cruises, you should have some experience on board different cruise lines and at different ports of call.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get to know cruise destinations and different excursions and opportunities offered by the major cruise lines.\", \"描述\": \"Study itineraries, cruise ship amenities and on board entertainment. Look at cruises offered by all the major cruise lines such as Carnival Cruises, Royal Caribbean International, Princess Cruises and Norwegian Cruise Lines.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Gain sales experience.\", \"描述\": \"Successful cruise agents have experience selling other types of products and services.\\nWork in a retail shop, sell cosmetics from your home or try telemarketing and phone sales. Learning how to talk about different products and services towards the goal of getting customers to buy them will help you develop the sales skills you need to sell cruises.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Demonstrate great customer service skills.\", \"描述\": \"Customers will need you to help them book their dream vacations. You will need to be able to communicate with and help many different types of people.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Work in the travel business in other capacities.\", \"描述\": \"Experience working in hotels, resorts, travel agencies and other vacation destinations will help you become a good cruise agent.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Take training classes.\", \"描述\": \"Several online schools and local colleges offer training in becoming a travel agent.\\nCheck out websites advertising for cruise agents. Several travel agencies are looking for agents online who can work from home to sell cruises. CruiseMagic.com and others will train you on how to sell cruises, and then allow you to build your own business doing so.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Become a certified cruise agent.\", \"描述\": \"Cruise Lines International Association, Inc. (CLIA) offers a certification program for people who want to become cruise agents.\\nTake the required online classes, seminars and exams to complete the credits you need for certification.\\nApply for 1 of the 4 levels of certification offered through CLIA.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Use your certification and training to get a job with a travel agency, cruise line, or to work for yourself as an agent.\", \"描述\": \"Work for a cruise line in one of their call centers, or as a sales manager. Instead of generating your own leads as a cruise agent, you will take calls and inquiries from customers and help them book their cruises with the specific cruise line you support.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Expect to work on commission.\", \"描述\": \"Cruise agents only make money when they sell cruises. According to CruiseMagic, a first-year agent who devotes 30 hours per week to selling cruises can make around $20,000 that year.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Talk to travel agents and cruise agents to find out how they started in the field.\\n\", \"Take advantage of discounted vacations. One of the perks of being a cruise agent is that you will often be eligible for free or deeply discounted cruises in order to help sell them.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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wikihow
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5,916 |
How to Become an Agent of Western Union
|
1. Determining Your Eligibility
1-1. Own your own business
A prospective Western Union agent must own her own independent retail business, which is then deemed eligible to become a qualified Western Union location. Some of the most common retail businesses that become Western Union agents include, but are not limited to:
convenience stores
drug stores
financial service providers
liquor stores
newsagents
pawnbrokers
supermarkets
travel agencies
1-2. Acquire the necessary equipment.
Every Western Union agent must have certain basic office equipment and internet service in order to conduct financial transactions. The equipment typically required for Western Union transactions includes:
a working computer
a reliable internet connection
a working printer (though not all locations require a printer at the business site - speak with a Western Union representative to determine whether your location requires a printer)
1-3. Complete an application.
If you meet all of the business requirements, you may be eligible to become a Western Union agent. To confirm your eligibility, you'll need to complete an online application, which will then be reviewed by Western Union. You can also call Western Union's customer service line at 1-800-325-6000 if you have any questions about the application process. The application asks for the following pieces of information:
confirmation that you own your own business
confirmation that you have a working computer with a reliable internet connection
your name and personal contact information (phone number and email address)
the name, address, and work number for your business
the nature (by type/category) of your business
how many locations your business operates
how you heard about becoming a Western Union agent
2. Getting Set Up as an Agent
2-1. Receive job training and software.
If your application to become a Western Union agent is approved, you will receive a free starter pack from Western Union. This starter pack includes all the necessary training information you'll need to begin making transactions, as well as marketing/promotional materials to advertise your new services to the public. You will also receive the necessary software to install on your computer so that you can begin making transactions at your business.
Western Union agents also receive 24-hour customer support from the agency. A customer support representative will be able to answer any questions you have and guide you through any complications that may arise.
2-2. Participate in anti-money laundering training.
All money transfer services are required to provide Anti-Money Laundering (AML) training, in compliance with financial regulations. This training is intended to educate you as a new agent and to protect your business from any potential money laundering allegations in the future.
Western Union's AML training is considered one of the industry-leading programs for agent training and support.
2-3. Get your license.
All money transfer services are required to have proper licensing, though the nature of this licensing may vary by location. Since Western Union has a worldwide network of money transfer agents, there is no single process that applies to all agents. However, Western Union facilitates all of the necessary licensing for their agents. You'll be in contact with a Western Union representative, who will inform you of the particular license you'll need and help you receive those credentials in a timely manner.
3. Working as an Agent
3-1. Consider enrolling in Western Unions Agent Portal.
The Agent Portal is Western Union's online resource for agents around the world. It's free to enroll in the AgentPortal, and being enrolled will make it easier for you to order supplies, access training and fraud-prevention information, report your money transfers, and access customer service assistance.
To enroll, simply go to the Western Union AgentPortal website at https://agentportal.westernunion.com/ap/custregister.do. Then fill out your name, contact information, agent account number, and operator ID number.
3-2. Earn money from Western Union
Customers are charged a transfer fee on every money transfer they make with Western Union. That money goes to Western Union, and it's how WU earns a profit. However, Western Union will pay you a commission on every transfer fee that is processed from each transaction your business sends or receives. The more money you earn for Western Union at your business, the more commissions you earn.
3-3. Understand the benefits.
There are many benefits to operating as a Western Union agent through your existing business. In addition to the monetary compensation you'll receive through regular commissions, you may even increase your store's business. Being a Western Union agent means that you will end up drawing in potential customers who need to transfer/receive money, and may end up buying goods or services from your business. In addition, your role as a WU agent gives you a competitive advantage over other businesses who offer the same goods and services that you do, as your store will become more of a one-stop-shop.
3-4. Enjoy being part of a worldwide network.
Western Union operates in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. As part of that network, you'll enjoy the benefits of sending and receiving money for customers to/from all parts of the world. In addition, because Western Union operates all around the world, you'll have access to training and customer service support 24 hours a day, seven days a week.
Tips
If you have questions about being part of the Western Union agent network, ask an agent at a non-competing branch to explain the benefits and drawbacks of offering money transfer services.
If you want to become a Western Union agent outside of the United States, search online for Western Union and your country. Find the "Become an Agent" section, or contact the sales department in that country. They will arrange an in-person meeting with a local business development manager or advise you on how to become an agent.
|
{
"create_time": "20230517 10:56:10",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Determining Your Eligibility\\n1-1. Own your own business\\nA prospective Western Union agent must own her own independent retail business, which is then deemed eligible to become a qualified Western Union location. Some of the most common retail businesses that become Western Union agents include, but are not limited to:\\nconvenience stores\\ndrug stores\\nfinancial service providers\\nliquor stores\\nnewsagents\\npawnbrokers\\nsupermarkets\\ntravel agencies\\n1-2. Acquire the necessary equipment.\\nEvery Western Union agent must have certain basic office equipment and internet service in order to conduct financial transactions. The equipment typically required for Western Union transactions includes:\\na working computer\\na reliable internet connection\\na working printer (though not all locations require a printer at the business site - speak with a Western Union representative to determine whether your location requires a printer)\\n1-3. Complete an application.\\nIf you meet all of the business requirements, you may be eligible to become a Western Union agent. To confirm your eligibility, you'll need to complete an online application, which will then be reviewed by Western Union. You can also call Western Union's customer service line at 1-800-325-6000 if you have any questions about the application process. The application asks for the following pieces of information:\\nconfirmation that you own your own business\\nconfirmation that you have a working computer with a reliable internet connection\\nyour name and personal contact information (phone number and email address)\\nthe name, address, and work number for your business\\nthe nature (by type/category) of your business\\nhow many locations your business operates\\nhow you heard about becoming a Western Union agent\\n2. Getting Set Up as an Agent\\n2-1. Receive job training and software.\\nIf your application to become a Western Union agent is approved, you will receive a free starter pack from Western Union. This starter pack includes all the necessary training information you'll need to begin making transactions, as well as marketing/promotional materials to advertise your new services to the public. You will also receive the necessary software to install on your computer so that you can begin making transactions at your business.\\nWestern Union agents also receive 24-hour customer support from the agency. A customer support representative will be able to answer any questions you have and guide you through any complications that may arise.\\n2-2. Participate in anti-money laundering training.\\nAll money transfer services are required to provide Anti-Money Laundering (AML) training, in compliance with financial regulations. This training is intended to educate you as a new agent and to protect your business from any potential money laundering allegations in the future.\\nWestern Union's AML training is considered one of the industry-leading programs for agent training and support.\\n2-3. Get your license.\\nAll money transfer services are required to have proper licensing, though the nature of this licensing may vary by location. Since Western Union has a worldwide network of money transfer agents, there is no single process that applies to all agents. However, Western Union facilitates all of the necessary licensing for their agents. You'll be in contact with a Western Union representative, who will inform you of the particular license you'll need and help you receive those credentials in a timely manner.\\n3. Working as an Agent\\n3-1. Consider enrolling in Western Unions Agent Portal.\\nThe Agent Portal is Western Union's online resource for agents around the world. It's free to enroll in the AgentPortal, and being enrolled will make it easier for you to order supplies, access training and fraud-prevention information, report your money transfers, and access customer service assistance.\\nTo enroll, simply go to the Western Union AgentPortal website at https://agentportal.westernunion.com/ap/custregister.do. Then fill out your name, contact information, agent account number, and operator ID number.\\n3-2. Earn money from Western Union\\nCustomers are charged a transfer fee on every money transfer they make with Western Union. That money goes to Western Union, and it's how WU earns a profit. However, Western Union will pay you a commission on every transfer fee that is processed from each transaction your business sends or receives. The more money you earn for Western Union at your business, the more commissions you earn.\\n3-3. Understand the benefits.\\nThere are many benefits to operating as a Western Union agent through your existing business. In addition to the monetary compensation you'll receive through regular commissions, you may even increase your store's business. Being a Western Union agent means that you will end up drawing in potential customers who need to transfer/receive money, and may end up buying goods or services from your business. In addition, your role as a WU agent gives you a competitive advantage over other businesses who offer the same goods and services that you do, as your store will become more of a one-stop-shop.\\n3-4. Enjoy being part of a worldwide network.\\nWestern Union operates in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. As part of that network, you'll enjoy the benefits of sending and receiving money for customers to/from all parts of the world. In addition, because Western Union operates all around the world, you'll have access to training and customer service support 24 hours a day, seven days a week.\\nTips\\nIf you have questions about being part of the Western Union agent network, ask an agent at a non-competing branch to explain the benefits and drawbacks of offering money transfer services.\\nIf you want to become a Western Union agent outside of the United States, search online for Western Union and your country. Find the \\\"Become an Agent\\\" section, or contact the sales department in that country. They will arrange an in-person meeting with a local business development manager or advise you on how to become an agent.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Western Union is a money and message transfer service based out of the United States, with agents all around the world. Anyone interested in becoming a new agent must apply and be accepted through Western Union's corporate headquarters. Learning how to become a Western Union agent can help create a lucrative opportunity for your business.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determining Your Eligibility\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Own your own business\", \"描述\": \"A prospective Western Union agent must own her own independent retail business, which is then deemed eligible to become a qualified Western Union location. Some of the most common retail businesses that become Western Union agents include, but are not limited to:\\nconvenience stores\\ndrug stores\\nfinancial service providers\\nliquor stores\\nnewsagents\\npawnbrokers\\nsupermarkets\\ntravel agencies\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Acquire the necessary equipment.\", \"描述\": \"Every Western Union agent must have certain basic office equipment and internet service in order to conduct financial transactions. The equipment typically required for Western Union transactions includes:\\na working computer\\na reliable internet connection\\na working printer (though not all locations require a printer at the business site - speak with a Western Union representative to determine whether your location requires a printer)\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete an application.\", \"描述\": \"If you meet all of the business requirements, you may be eligible to become a Western Union agent. To confirm your eligibility, you'll need to complete an online application, which will then be reviewed by Western Union. You can also call Western Union's customer service line at 1-800-325-6000 if you have any questions about the application process. The application asks for the following pieces of information:\\nconfirmation that you own your own business\\nconfirmation that you have a working computer with a reliable internet connection\\nyour name and personal contact information (phone number and email address)\\nthe name, address, and work number for your business\\nthe nature (by type/category) of your business\\nhow many locations your business operates\\nhow you heard about becoming a Western Union agent\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Set Up as an Agent\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Receive job training and software.\", \"描述\": \"If your application to become a Western Union agent is approved, you will receive a free starter pack from Western Union. This starter pack includes all the necessary training information you'll need to begin making transactions, as well as marketing/promotional materials to advertise your new services to the public. You will also receive the necessary software to install on your computer so that you can begin making transactions at your business.\\nWestern Union agents also receive 24-hour customer support from the agency. A customer support representative will be able to answer any questions you have and guide you through any complications that may arise.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Participate in anti-money laundering training.\", \"描述\": \"All money transfer services are required to provide Anti-Money Laundering (AML) training, in compliance with financial regulations. This training is intended to educate you as a new agent and to protect your business from any potential money laundering allegations in the future.\\nWestern Union's AML training is considered one of the industry-leading programs for agent training and support.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get your license.\", \"描述\": \"All money transfer services are required to have proper licensing, though the nature of this licensing may vary by location. Since Western Union has a worldwide network of money transfer agents, there is no single process that applies to all agents. However, Western Union facilitates all of the necessary licensing for their agents. You'll be in contact with a Western Union representative, who will inform you of the particular license you'll need and help you receive those credentials in a timely manner.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Working as an Agent\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider enrolling in Western Unions Agent Portal.\", \"描述\": \"The Agent Portal is Western Union's online resource for agents around the world. It's free to enroll in the AgentPortal, and being enrolled will make it easier for you to order supplies, access training and fraud-prevention information, report your money transfers, and access customer service assistance.\\nTo enroll, simply go to the Western Union AgentPortal website at https://agentportal.westernunion.com/ap/custregister.do. Then fill out your name, contact information, agent account number, and operator ID number.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Earn money from Western Union\", \"描述\": \"Customers are charged a transfer fee on every money transfer they make with Western Union. That money goes to Western Union, and it's how WU earns a profit. However, Western Union will pay you a commission on every transfer fee that is processed from each transaction your business sends or receives. The more money you earn for Western Union at your business, the more commissions you earn.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understand the benefits.\", \"描述\": \"There are many benefits to operating as a Western Union agent through your existing business. In addition to the monetary compensation you'll receive through regular commissions, you may even increase your store's business. Being a Western Union agent means that you will end up drawing in potential customers who need to transfer/receive money, and may end up buying goods or services from your business. In addition, your role as a WU agent gives you a competitive advantage over other businesses who offer the same goods and services that you do, as your store will become more of a one-stop-shop.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Enjoy being part of a worldwide network.\", \"描述\": \"Western Union operates in over 200 countries and territories worldwide. As part of that network, you'll enjoy the benefits of sending and receiving money for customers to/from all parts of the world. In addition, because Western Union operates all around the world, you'll have access to training and customer service support 24 hours a day, seven days a week.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you have questions about being part of the Western Union agent network, ask an agent at a non-competing branch to explain the benefits and drawbacks of offering money transfer services.\\n\", \"If you want to become a Western Union agent outside of the United States, search online for Western Union and your country. Find the \\\"Become an Agent\\\" section, or contact the sales department in that country. They will arrange an in-person meeting with a local business development manager or advise you on how to become an agent.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
}
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