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So, tell me, how many policemen do you think are on this taxi? And now? Three.
このタクシーに乗っている警察官は何人でしょう ? 3人です
So, when these kind of people — and, believe me, it's not just the police that use these taxis in Lagos. We all do. I've been on one of these, and I didn't have a helmet, either.
でも利用者は警察だけではありませんみんな利用しますよ私も乗ったことがあります私はヘルメットもしませんでした
And it just reminds me of the thought of what happens when one of us on a taxi like this falls off, has an accident and needs a hospital.
今でも思い出すのは私の知り合いの一人がタクシーから振り落とされて事故にあって病院に搬送されたことです
Believe it or not, some of us do survive.
信じがたいですが死なずに済む方もいますし
Some of us do survive malaria; we do survive AIDS.
マラリアやエイズにも負けない人もいるんです
And like I tell my family, and my wife reminds me every time, "You're risking your life, you know, every time you go to that country."
私が家族に言うように妻はいつも私に忠告してきます「一度この国に帰れば常に危険と隣り合わせだよ」
And she's right. Every time you go there, you know that if you actually need critical care — critical care of any sort — if you have an accident — of which there are many, there are accidents everywhere — where do they go?
彼女の言うとおりですこの国ではいつも救命救急医療が必要なことが分かります事故にあえばありとあらゆる治療が必要です実際事故はあちこちで頻繁に起きていますでは一体どこへ行けばいいのでしょうか ?
Where do they go when they need help for this kind of stuff?
助けが必要な時どこへ行けば良いでしょう ?
I'm not saying instead of, I'm saying as well as, AIDS, TB, malaria, typhoid — the list goes on.
この問題は私にとっても他人事ではありませんエイズ結核マラリア腸チフスまだまだありますよ
I'm saying, where do they go when they're like me?
つまりこれらの治療を受けるにはどこへ行けばいいのでしょうか ?
When I go back home — and I do all kinds of things, I teach, I train — but I catch one of these things, or I'm chronically ill with one of those, where do they go?
私は国に帰ると色々なことをします教育研修あと病気にもかかりますもしくは慢性的な症状もあるでしょうどこへ行きましょうかね ?
What's the economic impact when one of them dies or becomes disabled?
家族の一員が死亡したり障害を負えば家計はどうなってしまうでしょう ?
I think it's quite significant. This is where they go.
とても深刻ですここが彼らの行き先です
These are not old pictures and these are not from some downtrodden — this is a major hospital. In fact, it's from a major teaching hospital in Nigeria.
この写真は古くないですし廃墟ではないんですよこれは大型の病院の一つで実はナイジェリアの教育研究病院のものです
Now that is less than a year old, in an operating room.
創設から一年もたってませんこの手術室を見て下さい
That's sterilizing equipment in Nigeria.
これがナイジェリアによくある消毒器具です
You remember all that oil?
先ほどの石油の話を覚えていますか ?
Yes, I'm sorry if it upsets some of you, but I think you need to see this. That's the floor, OK?
気を悪くされるかもしれませんがこれを無視することは出来ません床はこんな感じです
You can say some of this is education.
問題は教育や衛生と言う人もいます
You can say it's hygiene. I'm not pleading poverty.
貧しさを言い訳にするつもりはありません
I'm saying we need more than just, you know, vaccination, malaria, AIDS, because I want to be treated in a proper hospital if something happens to me out there.
しかし最低限マラリアとエイズの予防接種以外にもまず必要なことはあるんです施術はきちんとした病院で受けたいものです
And that's my specialty, right?
私の専門です
Anesthesiology and critical care — look at that bag.
麻酔学と救命救急治療ですあの袋を見てください
It's been taped with tape that we even stopped using in the U.K.
イギリスでは廃止になったテープ接着がされています
And believe me, these are current pictures.
これは最近撮った写真なんですよ
Now, if something like this, which has happened in the U.K., that's where they go. This is the intensive care unit in which I work.
イギリスで起きているようなこの手の事故が発生すればここ私の働く集中治療室にやってきます
All right, this is a slide from a talk I gave about intensive care units in Nigeria, and jokingly we refer to it as "" Expensive Scare. "" Because it's scary and it's expensive, but we need to have it, OK?
さてこれは私がナイジェリアの集中治療室についてプレゼンをした際のスライドの一枚ですが冗談で「高くつく恐怖」と言っています危なくて高いからですでも必要なんです
So, these are the problems.
これこそが問題なんです
There are no prizes for telling us what the problems are, are there?
だって問題を浮き彫りにしてもなにも変わらないそうでしょ ?
I think we all know. And several speakers before and speakers after me are going to tell us even more problems.
問題があることはみんな認識しています他のスピーカーももっと別の問題も指摘するでしょう
These are a few of them. So, what did I do?
つまりこれは一例なんですで私は何をしたのかって ?
There we go — we're going on a mission.
遠征活動をしています
We're going to do some open-heart surgery. I was the only Brit, on a team of about nine American cardiac surgeons, cardiac nurse, intensive care nurse.
チームで心臓切開手術をしていますがイギリス人は私だけで他の循環器専門ナースやICU看護師の9名は全員アメリカ人です
We all went out and did a mission and we've done three of them so far.
今までこのチームで3度遠征をしてきました
Just so you know, I do believe in missions, I do believe in aid and I do believe in charity. They have their place, but where do they go for those things we talked about earlier?
私はこの使命と支援そして慈善の力を信じています物事には適所があるんですでもこういったものを獲得するにはどこに行けばいいでしょう ?
Because it's not everyone that's going to benefit from a mission.
遠征をしてもみんなが利益を得られるわけではありません
Health is wealth, in the words of Hans Rosling.
「健康は豊かさである」ハンス・ロスリングの言葉です
You get wealthier faster if you are healthy first.
健康であれば早く豊かになります
So, here we are, mission. Big trouble.
私達には使命がありますが問題もあります
Open-heart surgery in Nigeria — big trouble.
ナイジェリアの心臓切開手術それ自体が大問題です
That's Mike, Mike comes out from Mississippi.
彼はミシシッピ出身のマイクです
Does he look like he's happy?
彼は幸せそうに見えますか ?
It took us two days just to organize the place, but hey, you know, we worked on it. Does he look happy?
場所の確保には2日を要しましたがなんとか用意したんですよ彼は満足そうですか ?
Yes, that's the medical advice the committee chairman says, "" Yes, I told you, you weren't going to be able to, you can't do this, I just know it. "" Look, that's the technician we had. So yes, you go on, all right?
以下は委員長の医療に関するアドバイスです「できないと言ったでしょうが出来ないってことは明らかなんですよ」仲間の専門家です彼は「続けて続けて」と言っていました
(Laughter) I got him to come with me — anesthesia tech — come with me from the U.K.
( 笑 ) 彼には麻酔専門家としてイギリスから来ていただいたんです
Yes, let's just go work this thing out.
では問題を解決しましょうよ
See, that's one of the problems we have in Nigeria and in Africa generally.
これはナイジェリアとかアフリカ全般に見られる問題の一つです
We get a lot of donated equipment.
寄贈された設備は相当数あるんです
Equipment that's obsolete, equipment that doesn't quite work, or it works and you can't fix it. And there's nothing wrong with that, so long as we use it and we move on.
しかし設備は旧式で使い物にならないものまたは使えても修理が出来ないものばかりですこういったものでも使って行きたいのですが
But we had problems with it. We had severe problems there.
深刻な問題が浮上してきたんです
He had to get on the phone. This guy was always on the phone.
彼に電話が来てしまいました彼にはよく電話が来ます
So what we going to do now?
彼なしでどうしましょうか ?
It looks like all these Americans are here and yes, one Brit, and he's not going to do anything — he thinks he's British actually, and he's actually Nigerian, I just thought about that.
みんなアメリカ人ですがもちろん私は一人イギリス人でなにもする気はありませんしかも実はナイジェリア人ですこんなことを考えていました
We eventually got it working, is the truth, but it was one of these. Even older than the one you saw.
徐々に施術を始めていきましたこれも問題の一つです先のものよりも更に旧式です
The reason I have this picture here, this X-ray, it's just to tell you where and how we were viewing X-rays.
X線の見方について説明をしたいのでこちらの写真を見て下さいね
Do you figure where that is? It was on a window.
どこだか分かりますか ? 窓ガラスに張って見るんです
I mean, what's an X-ray viewing box? Please.
これが看片灯 ? そんな馬鹿な
Well, nowadays everything's on PAX anyway.
まぁ最近では全てPAXなんですけどね
You look at your X-rays on a screen and you do stuff with them, you email them. But we were still using X-rays, but we didn't even have a viewing box!
スクリーンでX線写真を見ながら他の作業メールとか同時進行という形ですね X線はあっても看片灯がなかったんです
And we were doing open-heart surgery.
それでも心臓切開手術をしました
OK, I know it's not AIDS, I know it's not malaria, but we still need this stuff. Oh yeah, echo — this was just to get the children ready and the adults ready.
問題はエイズでもマラリアでもなくエコーですこれは絶対に外せません手術前の準備段階で使用するものです
People still believe in Voodoo. Heart disease, VSD, hole in the heart, tetralogies.
人々はまだブードュー教を信じています心臓病や心中隔欠損傷や四徴症を患った
You still get people who believe in it and they came.
信仰者の方が来ることがあります
At 67 percent oxygen saturation, the normal is about 97.
酸素飽和度は67% 通常時はは97% です
Her condition, open-heart surgery that as she required, would have been treated when she was a child.
彼女は心臓切開手術が必要でしたがこれは幼少時に施術しておけばよかったのです
We had to do these for adults. So, we did succeed and we still do.
大人にも同じ手術が必要です成功してきましたし今でも行っています
The oxygen tanks didn't quite work right.
酸素タンクは正常に作動しませんでした
But how many did we do the first one? 12.
初めの遠征で行った手術の件数はいくつでしょう ?
We did 12 open-heart surgical patients successfully.
12件の心臓切開手術を無事に終えました
Here is our very first patient, out of intensive care, and just watch that chair, all right?
彼女は私達の一人目の患者で集中治療室から出てきたところですあの椅子を見て下さい
This is what I mean about appropriate technology.
これが私の言う「アフリカに適切なもの」ということです
That's what he was doing, propping up the bed because the bed simply didn't work.
ベッドは稼働しなかったので椅子を下に置いて高くしているんです
Have you seen one of those before?
こんなの見た事ありますか ?
No? Yes? Doesn't matter, it worked.
ないでしょ ? でも成功したから大丈夫ですよ
This one's sole aim is to provide the very things that I think are missing.
この企業の唯一の目的は無いものを提供していくことです
So, we put my hand in my pocket and say, "" Guys, let's just buy stuff.
ポケットに手を入れてこう言います「皆さんなにか買いましょう」
Let's go set up a company that teaches people, educates them, gives them the tools they need to keep going. "" And that's a perfect example of one.
会社を設立して人々を教育して生きるために必要なツールを与えましょうこれは完璧な模範ですよ
Usually when you buy a ventilator in a hospital, you buy a different one for children, you buy a different one for transport. This one will do everything, and it will do it at half the price and doesn't need compressed air.
病院が換気設備を購入した際に子供達と交通機関にも換気設備を買い与えるんです費用も半減し圧縮空気も不要です
This little unit here — remember your little 12-volt plug in the car, that charges your, whatever, Game Boy, telephone?
このユニットを繫いでいるのはゲームボーイとか携帯電話を充電する12ボルトのカーソケットですよ
That's exactly how the outlets are designed.
ソケットに合せて細かく設計がされています
Yes, it will take a solar panel. Yes a solar panel will charge it.
ソーラーパネルもあってここからも電力を供給できますし
But if you've got mains as well, it will charge the batteries in there.
メインバッテリーを充電することも出来るんです
And guess what? We have a little pedal charger too, just in case.
それと万が一のために小型のペダル式充電器もあります
And guess what, if it all fails, if you can find a car that's still got a live battery and you stick it in, it will still work. Then you can customize it.
もしこれら全てがダメでもバッテリーが生きている車に接続すれば稼働させることができますカスタマイズも可能です
Is it dental surgery you want? General surgery you want?
お探しは口腔手術ですか ? 外科手術ですか ?
Decide which instruments, stock it up with consumables.
必要なものが分かれば消耗品と共に保管します
And currently we're working on oxygen — oxygen delivery on-site.
現在は酸素利用にも取り組んでいます
The technology for oxygen delivery is not new.
酸素運搬技術は最新のものではありません
If you take nitrogen out, what's left? Oxygen, pretty much.
窒素がなくなると何が残りますか ? 大体は酸素になります
So that's not new. What we're doing is applying this technology to it.
これは最新技術ではありませんが私達はこれを活用しています
These are the basic features of my device, or our device.
私の機材や私達のものには共通する
This is what makes it so special.
基本的な特徴があります
Apart from the awards it's won, it's portable and it's certified. It's registered, the MHRA — and the CE mark, for those who don't know, for Europe, is the equivalent of the FDA in the U.S.
受賞した賞とは関係なく持ち運びが楽で英国医薬品庁や欧州安全基準を満たしているんです知らない方は米国食品医薬品局から認可されているものと思って下さい
If you compare it with what's on the market, price-wise, size-wise, ease of use, complexity...
市場に出回っているものと値段サイズ使いやすさに大差はありません
This picture was taken last year.
この写真は去年撮ったものです
These are members of my graduating class, 1986.
1986年に私と大学を卒業したクラスメイトです
It was in this gentleman's house in the Potomac, for those of you who are familiar with Maryland.
メリーランドに詳しい方はこれはこのポトマックという男性の家で撮ったものなんですよ
African people, because they will do it with a passion, I hope.
アフリカの人が情熱を持ってくれるといいですね
And lots and lots of that little bit down there, sacrifice.
いくらか犠牲も必要でしょうね
You have to do it. Africans have to do it, in conjunction with everyone else.
皆さん力を貸して下さいみんなが協力しなくてはいけません