BackpropBuff/NeuLab-TedTalks.en-ja · Datasets at Hugging Face

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And I think that's how we got to become human.	そのお陰で今の私たちがあるのだと思います
Studying the human brain changed the way I think about food.	人の脳の研究をして私の食に対する考えも変わりました
I now look at my kitchen, and I bow to it, and I thank my ancestors for coming up with the invention that probably made us humans.	自分の台所を見ると頭を下げて私たちを人にしてくれた料理を考えついた先祖に感謝します私たちを人にしてくれた料理を考えついた先祖に感謝します
Thank you very much.	どうもありがとうございました
(Applause)	（拍手）

(Music) Good afternoon.	（音楽）こんにちは
As you're all aware, we face difficult economic times.	ご承知の通り我々は経済危機に直面しています
I come to you with a modest proposal for easing the financial burden.	そこで私はささやかながら財政負担の緩和策を提案します
This idea came to me while talking to a physicist friend of mine at MIT.	これを思いついたのは MITにいる友人の物理学者と話していた時です
He was struggling to explain something to me: a beautiful experiment that uses lasers to cool down matter.	彼が一生懸命説明していたのはレーザー光で物質の温度を下げる見事な実験です
Now he confused me from the very start, because light doesn't cool things down.	私はいきなり混乱しました光は物質の温度を上げますが
It makes it hotter. It's happening right now.	下げることはないはずですお見せしましょう
The reason that you can see me standing here is because this room is filled with more than 100 quintillion photons, and they're moving randomly through the space, near the speed of light.	ステージに立つ私が見えるのはこの空間が10の20乗個もの光子で満たされているからです光子はほぼ光速でランダムに飛び回ります
All of them are different colors, they're rippling with different frequencies, and they're bouncing off every surface, including me, and some of those are flying directly into your eyes, and that's why your brain is forming an image of me standing here.	それぞれ異なる色で異なる周波数を持っています光子は私を含むあらゆる物体の表面で反射しいくつかは皆さんの目に入って脳がステージ上の私の映像を作ります
Now a laser is different.	レーザー光は違います
It also uses photons, but they're all synchronized, and if you focus them into a beam, what you have is an incredibly useful tool.	光子の周波数が一定で集光してビームにすると便利なツールとして使えます
The control of a laser is so precise that you can perform surgery inside of an eye, you can use it to store massive amounts of data, and you can use it for this beautiful experiment that my friend was struggling to explain.	レーザーは正確に制御できるので眼球内部の手術や膨大なデータの保存に使えますまた友達が説明に苦労した ― 見事な実験にも利用できます
First you trap atoms in a special bottle.	まず原子を特殊な容器に閉じ込めます
It uses electromagnetic fields to isolate the atoms from the noise of the environment.	容器には環境ノイズから原子を隔離するために電磁場が使われています
And the atoms themselves are quite violent, but if you fire lasers that are precisely tuned to the right frequency, an atom will briefly absorb those photons and tend to slow down.	原子は激しく動きますが特定の周波数のレーザーを照射するとその光子を一時的に吸収して動きが遅くなります
Little by little it gets colder until eventually it approaches absolute zero.	原子は少しずつ冷えて絶対零度に近づいていきます
Now if you use the right kind of atoms and you get them cold enough, something truly bizarre happens.	特定の原子を十分に冷やすと実に奇妙なことが起こります
It's no longer a solid, a liquid or a gas.	原子は固体でも液体でも気体でもなくなります
It enters a new state of matter called a superfluid.	「超流動体」という新しい状態になるのです
The atoms lose their individual identity, and the rules from the quantum world take over, and that's what gives superfluids such spooky properties.	原子は固有の特徴を失い量子の世界のルールに従いますこれが超流動体の不気味な性質の原因です
For example, if you shine light through a superfluid, it is able to slow photons down to 60 kilometers per hour.	例えば超流動体に光を当てると光子のスピードを時速60kmまで落とせます光子のスピードを時速60kmまで落とせます
Another spooky property is that it flows with absolutely no viscosity or friction, so if you were to take the lid off that bottle, it won't stay inside.	別の不気味な性質は粘性や摩擦がゼロになることだから容器のふたを取ると超流動体は外に出てしまいます
A thin film will creep up the inside wall, flow over the top and right out the outside.	薄い膜になって容器の壁を登り ― ふちを乗り越えて外に出てしまいます
Now of course, the moment that it does hit the outside environment, and its temperature rises by even a fraction of a degree, it immediately turns back into normal matter.	外の環境にさらされて少しでも温度が上がるとあっという間に ― 普通の状態に戻ります
Superfluids are one of the most fragile things we've ever discovered.	我々が知る中でも極めて不安定な存在です
And this is the great pleasure of science: the defeat of our intuition through experimentation.	ここに科学の面白さがあります実験によって直感が裏切られる面白さです
But the experiment is not the end of the story, because you still have to transmit that knowledge to other people.	でも実験で終わるのではなく得た知識を広める必要がありますでも実験で終わるのではなく得た知識を広める必要があります
I have a Ph.D in molecular biology.	私は分子生物学の博士号を持っていますが
I still barely understand what most scientists are talking about.	それでも科学者の話を理解するのは大変です
So as my friend was trying to explain that experiment, it seemed like the more he said, the less I understood.	友達がこの実験について説明しようとした時だって話せば話すほどわからなくなった気がしました
Because if you're trying to give someone the big picture of a complex idea, to really capture its essence, the fewer words you use, the better.	複雑な概念の本質を捉えて大まかに説明しようとする場合 ― 話はできるだけ短い方がいい
In fact, the ideal may be to use no words at all.	いや言葉を使わないのが理想かもしれません
I remember thinking, my friend could have explained that entire experiment with a dance.	私は思いました ― ダンスで説明すればよかったのでは？
Of course, there never seem to be any dancers around when you need them.	もちろんダンサーがいつも身近にいるとは限りません
Now, the idea is not as crazy as it sounds.	でも発想はそれほどおかしくありません
I started a contest four years ago called Dance Your Ph.D.	だから４年前に “Dance Your Ph.D ” コンテストを始めました
Instead of explaining their research with words, scientists have to explain it with dance.	コンテストでは科学者が自分の研究を言葉でなくダンスで解説します
Now surprisingly, it seems to work.	驚いたことに上手くいっています
Dance really can make science easier to understand.	ダンスだと科学はわかり易くなるのです
But don't take my word for it.	私の言葉を信じる前に
Go on the Internet and search for "" Dance Your Ph.D. "" There are hundreds of dancing scientists waiting for you.	インターネットで検索してくださいたくさんの科学者が踊るところを見られます
The most surprising thing that I've learned while running this contest is that some scientists are now working directly with dancers on their research.	コンテストを運営して驚いたことはダンサーと共同で研究する科学者が現れたことです
For example, at the University of Minnesota, there's a biomedical engineer named David Odde, and he works with dancers to study how cells move.	ミネソタ大学では医用生体工学者のデビッド・オーディが細胞の移動をダンサーと研究しています
They do it by changing their shape.	細胞は形を変えて移動します
When a chemical signal washes up on one side, it triggers the cell to expand its shape on that side, because the cell is constantly touching and tugging at the environment.	ある方向から化学的シグナルが来ると細胞はそちらの方向に伸びていきます細胞は常に環境とやりとりしているためです
So that allows cells to ooze along in the right directions.	その結果正しい方向にゆっくり移動します
But what seems so slow and graceful from the outside is really more like chaos inside, because cells control their shape with a skeleton of rigid protein fibers, and those fibers are constantly falling apart.	外から見ると優雅な動きですが内部はカオスです細胞は骨格タンパク質の繊維で形態を制御しますこの繊維はバラバラになりますが
But just as quickly as they explode, more proteins attach to the ends and grow them longer, so it's constantly changing just to remain exactly the same.	すぐにタンパク質がくっついて成長しますつまり同じ形を保つために変化し続けているのです
Now, David builds mathematical models of this and then he tests those in the lab, but before he does that, he works with dancers to figure out what kinds of models to build in the first place.	普通数理モデルを作ってから実験しますが彼はまずどんなモデルにするか ― 決めるためにダンサーと作業します
It's basically efficient brainstorming, and when I visited David to learn about his research, he used dancers to explain it to me rather than the usual method: PowerPoint.	要はブレーンストーミングのようなものです研究について教えてもらおうと私が訪ねると PowerPointではなくダンサーを使って説明してくれました
And this brings me to my modest proposal.	この経験からささやかな提案を思いついたのです
I think that bad PowerPoint presentations are a serious threat to the global economy.	PowerPointによる無駄なプレゼンは世界経済に対する深刻な脅威です
(Laughter) (Applause) Now it does depend on how you measure it, of course, but one estimate has put the drain at 250 million dollars per day.	（笑）（拍手）計算方法にもよりますがある推計によれば１日当たり2.5億ドルの損失です
Of course, that's just the time we're losing sitting through presentations.	もちろんこれは観客が失う ― 時間の価値だけです
There are other costs, because PowerPoint is a tool, and like any tool, it can and will be abused.	他の損失も考えられます PowerPointはツールだし ― どんなツールも悪用されるものです
To borrow a concept from my country's CIA, it helps you to soften up your audience.	我が国のCIAがよくやるように相手を手なずけてしまうのです
It distracts them with pretty pictures, irrelevant data.	魅力的なイメージやどうでもいいデータで注意をそらします
It allows you to create the illusion of competence, the illusion of simplicity, and most destructively, the illusion of understanding.	相手に有能だと思わせたりシンプルだと思わせたりさらに怖いことにわかったと錯覚させるのです
So now my country is 15 trillion dollars in debt.	我が国は15兆ドルもの負債を抱え
Our leaders are working tirelessly to try and find ways to save money.	指導者達は懸命に節約の方法を探しています
One idea is to drastically reduce public support for the arts.	方法の一つがアートへの支援を大幅に削減することです
For example, our National Endowment for the Arts, with its $150 million budget, slashing that program would immediately reduce the national debt by about one one-thousandth of a percent.	例えば１億5,000万ドルの予算を持つ ― 例えば１億5,000万ドルの予算を持つ ― 国立芸術基金を廃止した場合国の負債は一挙に ― 1,000分の１パーセントも減らせるのです
One certainly can't argue with those numbers.	数字に議論の余地はありません
However, once we eliminate public funding for the arts, there will be some drawbacks.	でもアートに対する公的資金を削ると問題も生じます
The artists on the street will swell the ranks of the unemployed.	職を失った芸術家のせいで失業者数が増加するでしょう
Many will turn to drug abuse and prostitution, and that will inevitably lower property values in urban neighborhoods.	多くが麻薬や売春に手を染めその結果都市部の地価は下落するでしょう
All of this could wipe out the savings we're hoping to make in the first place.	芸術基金の廃止による節約が帳消しになるかもしれません
I shall now, therefore, humbly propose my own thoughts, which I hope will not be liable to the least objection.	だから私は謹んで提案しますおそらく異議はないと思います
Once we eliminate public funding for the artists, let's put them back to work by using them instead of PowerPoint.	芸術家への公的支援をカットするなら PowerPointの代わりに彼らを使おうではありませんか
As a test case, I propose we start with American dancers.	手始めにアメリカのダンサーで試してはどうでしょう
After all, they are the most perishable of their kind, prone to injury and very slow to heal due to our health care system.	最も危機に瀕した芸術家ですからケガが多い上に医療保険制度のおかげで治りは遅い
Rather than dancing our Ph.Ds, we should use dance to explain all of our complex problems.	ダンスで説明するのは博士論文ではなくあらゆる厄介な問題を説明するのに使いましょう
Imagine our politicians using dance to explain why we must invade a foreign country or bail out an investment bank.	想像してください政治家がダンスを用いて外国に侵攻すべき理由や投資銀行を税金で ― 救済する理由を説明するのです
It's sure to help.	きっと役に立つはずです
Of course someday, in the deep future, a technology of persuasion even more powerful than PowerPoint may be invented, rendering dancers unnecessary as tools of rhetoric.	当然遠い将来に PowerPointより遥かに優れた ― 説得の技術が開発されダンサーが説明ツールの座を奪われる日が来るかもしれません
However, I trust that by that day, we shall have passed this present financial calamity.	でもその頃には財政難は過去のものとなっているでしょう
Perhaps by then we will be able to afford the luxury of just sitting in an audience with no other purpose than to witness the human form in motion.	たぶんその頃には観客として人間の動きそのものを楽しむという観客として人間の動きそのものを楽しむという贅沢が許されるのではないでしょうか
(Music) (Applause)	（音楽）（拍手）

I'm going to talk about two stories today.	今日は二つお話しすることがあります
One is how we need to use market-based pricing to affect demand and use wireless technologies to dramatically reduce our emissions in the transportation sector.	一つは市場本位の価格設定で需要にこたえながらワイヤレス技術を利用して運輸セクターで二酸化炭素排出量を劇的に減らす方法です
And the other is that there is an incredible opportunity if we choose the right wireless technologies; how we can generate a new engine for economic growth and dramatically reduce C02 in the other sectors.	もう一つは適切なワイヤレス技術が非常に大きなチャンスをもたらすことつまり経済成長を牽引する新しい原動力を生み出すと同時に他セクターの二酸化炭素排出量を激減させる方法です
I'm really scared.	とても怖いのです
We need to reduce C02 emissions in ten to fifteen years by 80 percent in order to avert catastrophic effects.	10年や15年で二酸化炭素排出量を８割減らさなければ破壊的な影響を避けられません
And I am astounded that I'm standing here to tell you that.	そう言わなければならない現実に愕然とします
What are catastrophic effects? A three degree centigrade climate change rise that will result in 50 percent species extinction.	破壊的な影響とは何か？気温が摂氏３度上昇してそれにより地球上の生物の半分が絶滅することです
It's not a movie. This is real life.	映画ではありませんこれは現実です
And I'm really worried, because when people talk about cars — which I know something about — the press and politicians and people in this room are all thinking, "Let's use fuel-efficient cars."	本当に不安ですというもの車の話題になると私も多少知ってはいますがメディアや政治家やこの会場にいる皆さんもみんな "" 低燃費車に乗ろう "" と考えるからです
If we started today, 10 years from now, at the end of this window of opportunity, those fuel-efficient cars will reduce our fossil fuel needs by four percent.	今日から始めたとして残された10年では低燃費車で化石燃料の需要が４パーセント減るでしょうが
That is not enough.	それでは足りないのです
But now I'll talk about some more pleasant things.	でも明るい話があります
Here are some ways that we can make some dramatic changes.	劇的な変化を起こす方法をいくつか紹介しましょう
So, Zipcar is a company that I founded seven years ago, but it's an example of something called car sharing.	私は７年前にZipcarを設立しましたいわゆるカーシェアリングの会社です
What Zipcar does is we park cars throughout dense urban areas for members to reserve, by the hour and by the day, instead of using their own car.	密集都市地域に配備した車を会員にマイカー代わりに時間単位や一日単位で借す事業です

And I think that's how we got to become human.

そのお陰で今の私たちがあるのだと思います

Studying the human brain changed the way I think about food.

人の脳の研究をして私の食に対する考えも変わりました

I now look at my kitchen, and I bow to it, and I thank my ancestors for coming up with the invention that probably made us humans.

自分の台所を見ると頭を下げて私たちを人にしてくれた料理を考えついた先祖に感謝します私たちを人にしてくれた料理を考えついた先祖に感謝します

Thank you very much.

どうもありがとうございました

(Applause)

（拍手）

(Music) Good afternoon.

（音楽）こんにちは

As you're all aware, we face difficult economic times.

ご承知の通り我々は経済危機に直面しています

I come to you with a modest proposal for easing the financial burden.

そこで私はささやかながら財政負担の緩和策を提案します

This idea came to me while talking to a physicist friend of mine at MIT.

これを思いついたのは MITにいる友人の物理学者と話していた時です

He was struggling to explain something to me: a beautiful experiment that uses lasers to cool down matter.

彼が一生懸命説明していたのはレーザー光で物質の温度を下げる見事な実験です

Now he confused me from the very start, because light doesn't cool things down.

私はいきなり混乱しました光は物質の温度を上げますが

It makes it hotter. It's happening right now.

下げることはないはずですお見せしましょう

The reason that you can see me standing here is because this room is filled with more than 100 quintillion photons, and they're moving randomly through the space, near the speed of light.

ステージに立つ私が見えるのはこの空間が10の20乗個もの光子で満たされているからです光子はほぼ光速でランダムに飛び回ります

All of them are different colors, they're rippling with different frequencies, and they're bouncing off every surface, including me, and some of those are flying directly into your eyes, and that's why your brain is forming an image of me standing here.

それぞれ異なる色で異なる周波数を持っています光子は私を含むあらゆる物体の表面で反射しいくつかは皆さんの目に入って脳がステージ上の私の映像を作ります

Now a laser is different.

レーザー光は違います

It also uses photons, but they're all synchronized, and if you focus them into a beam, what you have is an incredibly useful tool.

光子の周波数が一定で集光してビームにすると便利なツールとして使えます

The control of a laser is so precise that you can perform surgery inside of an eye, you can use it to store massive amounts of data, and you can use it for this beautiful experiment that my friend was struggling to explain.

レーザーは正確に制御できるので眼球内部の手術や膨大なデータの保存に使えますまた友達が説明に苦労した ― 見事な実験にも利用できます

First you trap atoms in a special bottle.

まず原子を特殊な容器に閉じ込めます

It uses electromagnetic fields to isolate the atoms from the noise of the environment.

容器には環境ノイズから原子を隔離するために電磁場が使われています

And the atoms themselves are quite violent, but if you fire lasers that are precisely tuned to the right frequency, an atom will briefly absorb those photons and tend to slow down.

原子は激しく動きますが特定の周波数のレーザーを照射するとその光子を一時的に吸収して動きが遅くなります

Little by little it gets colder until eventually it approaches absolute zero.

原子は少しずつ冷えて絶対零度に近づいていきます

Now if you use the right kind of atoms and you get them cold enough, something truly bizarre happens.

特定の原子を十分に冷やすと実に奇妙なことが起こります

It's no longer a solid, a liquid or a gas.

原子は固体でも液体でも気体でもなくなります

It enters a new state of matter called a superfluid.

「超流動体」という新しい状態になるのです

The atoms lose their individual identity, and the rules from the quantum world take over, and that's what gives superfluids such spooky properties.

原子は固有の特徴を失い量子の世界のルールに従いますこれが超流動体の不気味な性質の原因です

For example, if you shine light through a superfluid, it is able to slow photons down to 60 kilometers per hour.

例えば超流動体に光を当てると光子のスピードを時速60kmまで落とせます光子のスピードを時速60kmまで落とせます

Another spooky property is that it flows with absolutely no viscosity or friction, so if you were to take the lid off that bottle, it won't stay inside.

別の不気味な性質は粘性や摩擦がゼロになることだから容器のふたを取ると超流動体は外に出てしまいます

A thin film will creep up the inside wall, flow over the top and right out the outside.

薄い膜になって容器の壁を登り ― ふちを乗り越えて外に出てしまいます

Now of course, the moment that it does hit the outside environment, and its temperature rises by even a fraction of a degree, it immediately turns back into normal matter.

外の環境にさらされて少しでも温度が上がるとあっという間に ― 普通の状態に戻ります

Superfluids are one of the most fragile things we've ever discovered.

我々が知る中でも極めて不安定な存在です

And this is the great pleasure of science: the defeat of our intuition through experimentation.

ここに科学の面白さがあります実験によって直感が裏切られる面白さです

But the experiment is not the end of the story, because you still have to transmit that knowledge to other people.

でも実験で終わるのではなく得た知識を広める必要がありますでも実験で終わるのではなく得た知識を広める必要があります

I have a Ph.D in molecular biology.

私は分子生物学の博士号を持っていますが

I still barely understand what most scientists are talking about.

それでも科学者の話を理解するのは大変です

So as my friend was trying to explain that experiment, it seemed like the more he said, the less I understood.

友達がこの実験について説明しようとした時だって話せば話すほどわからなくなった気がしました

Because if you're trying to give someone the big picture of a complex idea, to really capture its essence, the fewer words you use, the better.

複雑な概念の本質を捉えて大まかに説明しようとする場合 ― 話はできるだけ短い方がいい

In fact, the ideal may be to use no words at all.

いや言葉を使わないのが理想かもしれません

I remember thinking, my friend could have explained that entire experiment with a dance.

私は思いました ― ダンスで説明すればよかったのでは？

Of course, there never seem to be any dancers around when you need them.

もちろんダンサーがいつも身近にいるとは限りません

Now, the idea is not as crazy as it sounds.

でも発想はそれほどおかしくありません

I started a contest four years ago called Dance Your Ph.D.

だから４年前に “Dance Your Ph.D ” コンテストを始めました

Instead of explaining their research with words, scientists have to explain it with dance.

コンテストでは科学者が自分の研究を言葉でなくダンスで解説します

Now surprisingly, it seems to work.

驚いたことに上手くいっています

Dance really can make science easier to understand.

ダンスだと科学はわかり易くなるのです

But don't take my word for it.

私の言葉を信じる前に

Go on the Internet and search for "" Dance Your Ph.D. "" There are hundreds of dancing scientists waiting for you.

インターネットで検索してくださいたくさんの科学者が踊るところを見られます

The most surprising thing that I've learned while running this contest is that some scientists are now working directly with dancers on their research.

コンテストを運営して驚いたことはダンサーと共同で研究する科学者が現れたことです

For example, at the University of Minnesota, there's a biomedical engineer named David Odde, and he works with dancers to study how cells move.

ミネソタ大学では医用生体工学者のデビッド・オーディが細胞の移動をダンサーと研究しています

They do it by changing their shape.

細胞は形を変えて移動します

When a chemical signal washes up on one side, it triggers the cell to expand its shape on that side, because the cell is constantly touching and tugging at the environment.

ある方向から化学的シグナルが来ると細胞はそちらの方向に伸びていきます細胞は常に環境とやりとりしているためです

So that allows cells to ooze along in the right directions.

その結果正しい方向にゆっくり移動します

But what seems so slow and graceful from the outside is really more like chaos inside, because cells control their shape with a skeleton of rigid protein fibers, and those fibers are constantly falling apart.

外から見ると優雅な動きですが内部はカオスです細胞は骨格タンパク質の繊維で形態を制御しますこの繊維はバラバラになりますが

But just as quickly as they explode, more proteins attach to the ends and grow them longer, so it's constantly changing just to remain exactly the same.

すぐにタンパク質がくっついて成長しますつまり同じ形を保つために変化し続けているのです

Now, David builds mathematical models of this and then he tests those in the lab, but before he does that, he works with dancers to figure out what kinds of models to build in the first place.

普通数理モデルを作ってから実験しますが彼はまずどんなモデルにするか ― 決めるためにダンサーと作業します

It's basically efficient brainstorming, and when I visited David to learn about his research, he used dancers to explain it to me rather than the usual method: PowerPoint.

要はブレーンストーミングのようなものです研究について教えてもらおうと私が訪ねると PowerPointではなくダンサーを使って説明してくれました

And this brings me to my modest proposal.

この経験からささやかな提案を思いついたのです

I think that bad PowerPoint presentations are a serious threat to the global economy.

PowerPointによる無駄なプレゼンは世界経済に対する深刻な脅威です

(Laughter) (Applause) Now it does depend on how you measure it, of course, but one estimate has put the drain at 250 million dollars per day.

（笑）（拍手）計算方法にもよりますがある推計によれば１日当たり2.5億ドルの損失です

Of course, that's just the time we're losing sitting through presentations.

もちろんこれは観客が失う ― 時間の価値だけです

There are other costs, because PowerPoint is a tool, and like any tool, it can and will be abused.

他の損失も考えられます PowerPointはツールだし ― どんなツールも悪用されるものです

To borrow a concept from my country's CIA, it helps you to soften up your audience.

我が国のCIAがよくやるように相手を手なずけてしまうのです

It distracts them with pretty pictures, irrelevant data.

魅力的なイメージやどうでもいいデータで注意をそらします

It allows you to create the illusion of competence, the illusion of simplicity, and most destructively, the illusion of understanding.

相手に有能だと思わせたりシンプルだと思わせたりさらに怖いことにわかったと錯覚させるのです

So now my country is 15 trillion dollars in debt.

我が国は15兆ドルもの負債を抱え

Our leaders are working tirelessly to try and find ways to save money.

指導者達は懸命に節約の方法を探しています

One idea is to drastically reduce public support for the arts.

方法の一つがアートへの支援を大幅に削減することです

For example, our National Endowment for the Arts, with its $150 million budget, slashing that program would immediately reduce the national debt by about one one-thousandth of a percent.

例えば１億5,000万ドルの予算を持つ ― 例えば１億5,000万ドルの予算を持つ ― 国立芸術基金を廃止した場合国の負債は一挙に ― 1,000分の１パーセントも減らせるのです

One certainly can't argue with those numbers.

数字に議論の余地はありません

However, once we eliminate public funding for the arts, there will be some drawbacks.

でもアートに対する公的資金を削ると問題も生じます

The artists on the street will swell the ranks of the unemployed.

職を失った芸術家のせいで失業者数が増加するでしょう

Many will turn to drug abuse and prostitution, and that will inevitably lower property values in urban neighborhoods.

多くが麻薬や売春に手を染めその結果都市部の地価は下落するでしょう

All of this could wipe out the savings we're hoping to make in the first place.

芸術基金の廃止による節約が帳消しになるかもしれません

I shall now, therefore, humbly propose my own thoughts, which I hope will not be liable to the least objection.

だから私は謹んで提案しますおそらく異議はないと思います

Once we eliminate public funding for the artists, let's put them back to work by using them instead of PowerPoint.

芸術家への公的支援をカットするなら PowerPointの代わりに彼らを使おうではありませんか

As a test case, I propose we start with American dancers.

手始めにアメリカのダンサーで試してはどうでしょう

After all, they are the most perishable of their kind, prone to injury and very slow to heal due to our health care system.

最も危機に瀕した芸術家ですからケガが多い上に医療保険制度のおかげで治りは遅い

Rather than dancing our Ph.Ds, we should use dance to explain all of our complex problems.

ダンスで説明するのは博士論文ではなくあらゆる厄介な問題を説明するのに使いましょう

Imagine our politicians using dance to explain why we must invade a foreign country or bail out an investment bank.

想像してください政治家がダンスを用いて外国に侵攻すべき理由や投資銀行を税金で ― 救済する理由を説明するのです

It's sure to help.

きっと役に立つはずです

Of course someday, in the deep future, a technology of persuasion even more powerful than PowerPoint may be invented, rendering dancers unnecessary as tools of rhetoric.

当然遠い将来に PowerPointより遥かに優れた ― 説得の技術が開発されダンサーが説明ツールの座を奪われる日が来るかもしれません

However, I trust that by that day, we shall have passed this present financial calamity.

でもその頃には財政難は過去のものとなっているでしょう

Perhaps by then we will be able to afford the luxury of just sitting in an audience with no other purpose than to witness the human form in motion.

たぶんその頃には観客として人間の動きそのものを楽しむという観客として人間の動きそのものを楽しむという贅沢が許されるのではないでしょうか

(Music) (Applause)

（音楽）（拍手）

I'm going to talk about two stories today.

今日は二つお話しすることがあります

One is how we need to use market-based pricing to affect demand and use wireless technologies to dramatically reduce our emissions in the transportation sector.

一つは市場本位の価格設定で需要にこたえながらワイヤレス技術を利用して運輸セクターで二酸化炭素排出量を劇的に減らす方法です

And the other is that there is an incredible opportunity if we choose the right wireless technologies; how we can generate a new engine for economic growth and dramatically reduce C02 in the other sectors.

もう一つは適切なワイヤレス技術が非常に大きなチャンスをもたらすことつまり経済成長を牽引する新しい原動力を生み出すと同時に他セクターの二酸化炭素排出量を激減させる方法です

I'm really scared.

とても怖いのです

We need to reduce C02 emissions in ten to fifteen years by 80 percent in order to avert catastrophic effects.

10年や15年で二酸化炭素排出量を８割減らさなければ破壊的な影響を避けられません

And I am astounded that I'm standing here to tell you that.

そう言わなければならない現実に愕然とします

What are catastrophic effects? A three degree centigrade climate change rise that will result in 50 percent species extinction.

破壊的な影響とは何か？気温が摂氏３度上昇してそれにより地球上の生物の半分が絶滅することです

It's not a movie. This is real life.

映画ではありませんこれは現実です

And I'm really worried, because when people talk about cars — which I know something about — the press and politicians and people in this room are all thinking, "Let's use fuel-efficient cars."

本当に不安ですというもの車の話題になると私も多少知ってはいますがメディアや政治家やこの会場にいる皆さんもみんな "" 低燃費車に乗ろう "" と考えるからです

If we started today, 10 years from now, at the end of this window of opportunity, those fuel-efficient cars will reduce our fossil fuel needs by four percent.

今日から始めたとして残された10年では低燃費車で化石燃料の需要が４パーセント減るでしょうが

That is not enough.

それでは足りないのです

But now I'll talk about some more pleasant things.

でも明るい話があります

Here are some ways that we can make some dramatic changes.

劇的な変化を起こす方法をいくつか紹介しましょう

So, Zipcar is a company that I founded seven years ago, but it's an example of something called car sharing.

私は７年前にZipcarを設立しましたいわゆるカーシェアリングの会社です

What Zipcar does is we park cars throughout dense urban areas for members to reserve, by the hour and by the day, instead of using their own car.

密集都市地域に配備した車を会員にマイカー代わりに時間単位や一日単位で借す事業です