text
stringlengths 0
254
| output
stringlengths 0
209
|
---|---|
"" Aha! "" Betzig said.
|
ãããã ïŒ ãããã£ã°ã¯èšããŸãã
|
"I think maybe the laws of physics are not so unbreakable after all."
|
ãç©çåŠã®æ³åãç Žãããšãã§ããã®ã§ã¯ã
|
So he lashed together a microscope in his friend's living room.
|
圌ã¯å人ã®å®¶ã®å±
éã§é¡åŸ®é¡ãçµã¿ç«ãŠãŸãã
|
He had no laboratory.
|
ç 究宀ãªã©ãããŸããã§ãããã
|
This revolutionary instrument got different protein molecules to light up in different colors, and with a computer, he was able to turn very, very fuzzy blurs into very sharp dots and produce images of unprecedented and startling clarity.
|
ãã®é©æ°çãªè£
眮ã¯ç°ãªãã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªã®ååãç°ãªãè²ã§å
ããã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿åŠçã«ãããšãŠããšãŠããŒãããç»åãéåžžã«ãã£ããããç¹ã«å€ãåäŸã®ãªãç®ãèŠåŒµããããªé®®æãªç»åãæ ãåºããŸãã
|
For this work, last year, Eric Betzig won the Nobel Prize.
|
ãã®çºæã«ããæšå¹Žãšãªãã¯ã»ããã£ã°ã¯ããŒãã«è³ãåè³ããŸãã
|
Why?
|
ãªããã£ãŠ ïŒ
|
Because now we can see with unprecedented detail things that we never had seen before, and now doctors can get a better handle on things like cancer.
|
ãã€ãŠã¯äžå¯èœã ã£ãåäŸã®ãªãã»ã©ã®è©³çްãã§ç©ãèŠãããšãåºæ¥ãããã«ãªãå»åž«ãã¡ã«ã¯çãšãã£ããã®ãããæ±ããããã«ãªããŸãã
|
But do you think Betzig was satisfied there?
|
ãããããã£ã°ã¯ããã§æºè¶³ãããšæããŸãã ïŒ
|
No.
|
ããã
|
He wanted movies.
|
圌ã¯åç»ãæ®åœ±ããããšæã£ãã®ã§ã
|
The problem was that even the genius microscopes that he invented were just too slow.
|
åé¡ã¯åœŒãçºæããèŠäºãªé¡åŸ®é¡ã§ãåäœãé
ãããã®ã§ã
|
So what did he do?
|
ããã§ã©ãããã®ã§ãããã ïŒ
|
He came up with a 200-year-old idea called moiré patterns.
|
圌ã¯200幎åã«èãåºãããã¢ã¢ã¬æš¡æ§ã«æãåœããŸãã
|
So the way that works is if you take two very, very fine patterns and you move them across each other, you will see a gross pattern that a microscope can see that otherwise you would not be able to see.
|
ãã®åäœåçã¯ãšãããš ïŒã€ã®ãšãŠãåŸ®çŽ°ãªæš¡æ§ãåãåºãããããäºãã«äº€å·®ããããšé¡åŸ®é¡ã䜿ã£ãä»ã®æ¹æ³ã§ã¯èŠãããšãåºæ¥ãªãæš¡æ§ã®å
šäœãèŠããããã«ãªããšããããšã§ã
|
So he applied this technique to taking a really blurry image of a cell and moving lots of structured light patterns across it until this cell became crystal clear.
|
圌ã¯ãã®ææ³ããšãŠãäžé®®æãªçްèã®ç»åã«å¿çšããã®çްèã®ç»åãå®å
šã«æçã«ãªããŸã§å¶åŸ¡ããããã¿ãŒã³ã§å
ãæ§ã
ãªæ¹åããåœãŠãã®ã§ã
|
And here is the result: a mysterious new world, full of strange things zipping around doing things that we don't know what they're doing.
|
ããããã®å®äŸã§ãäžæè°ãªæ°ããäžçã§ãäœãããŠããã®ãåãããŸãããå€ãã®å€ããè
ãã¡ãå
æ°ããåãåã£ãŠããŸã
|
But when we figure it out, we'll have a better handle on life itself.
|
ããããã®ææ³ã«ããçåœã®åé¡ãããäžæã«æ±ãããšãåºæ¥ãã§ããã
|
For example, those green globs that you see?
|
äŸãã°ãã®ç·ã®å¡ãã芧ãã ãã
|
Those things are called clathrins.
|
ããã¯ã¯ã©ã¹ãªã³ãšãã°ãããã®ã§ã
|
They're molecules that protect other molecules as they move through a cell.
|
现èã®äžãåãåãéã«ä»ã®ååãä¿è·ããååã§ã
|
Unfortunately, viruses sometimes hijack those to infect cells.
|
æ®å¿µãªããæã«ãŠã£ã«ã¹ããããä¹ã£åã现èã«ææããŸã
|
Also, you see those little squiggly wormlike things moving around?
|
å°ãããŠãããããšåãåããããºã®ãããªãã®ãèŠããŸãã ïŒ
|
Those are actin molecules.
|
ã¢ã¯ãã³ååã§ã
|
Unfortunately, viruses also climb down those things to get into the cell nucleus to replicate themselves and make you sick.
|
æ®å¿µãªãããŠã£ã«ã¹ã¯ããã«ãåãã€ããŠçŽ°èæ žã«äŸµå
¥ãèªãã®è€è£œãäœãæã
ãç
æ°ã«ãããŸã
|
Now that we can look at movies of what's actually going on deep inside a cell, we have a much better chance of curing viral diseases like AIDS.
|
ä»ã现èã®å¥¥æ·±ãã§å®éã«äœãèµ·ããŠãããåç»ã§èŠãããšãåºæ¥ãããã«ãªããšã€ãºãšãã£ããŠã£ã«ã¹æ§ã®ç
æ°ãæ²»çã§ããå¯èœæ§ã倧ãã«é«ãŸããŸãã
|
So when you look at a movie like this, it's very clear that Betzig has opened our eyes to a completely new world.
|
ãã®ãããªåç»ãèŠããšããã£ã°ãå
šãæ°ããäžçãèŠãããŠãããããšã¯å®ã«æããã§ã
|
But he hasn't shattered any cherished beliefs.
|
ããã圌ã¯é·ãéä¿¡ããããŠããããšãäœãæã¡ç ããããã§ã¯ãããŸãã
|
That leads us to Dr. Aubrey de Grey at Cambridge.
|
ããã§è©±ãã±ã³ããªããžå€§ã®ãªãŒããªãŒã»ãã»ã°ã¬ã€å士ã«ç§»ããŸã
|
De Grey definitely has scientists squirming with an interesting idea: we can be immortal.
|
ãã»ã°ã¬ã€ã¯ãã®è峿·±ãã¢ã€ãã¢ã§ééããªãç§åŠè
ãã¡ãã€ã©ã€ã©ãããŸãã人éã¯äžæ»ã«ãªãããšã
|
We can beat aging.
|
èåã¯åé¿ã§ãããšãã£ãããšã§ã
|
Now, most scientists think he's a crackpot.
|
å€ãã®ç§åŠè
ãã¡ã¯åœŒã¯çã£ãŠãããšæããŸãã
|
Any Biology 101 student knows that aging is an inevitable consequence of living.
|
çç©åŠã®åºç€ãåŠãã åŠçãªã誰ã§ãèåã¯çåœã®é¿ãããã¬éåœã ãšç¥ã£ãŠããŸã
|
For example, when we eat, we take in food and we metabolize it, and that throws off what we call free radicals.
|
äŸãã°é£äºããããšé£ã¹ç©ãåãèŸŒã¿æ°é³ä»£è¬ãèµ·ããéé¢åºãšåŒã°ãããã®ãçŽãã«äœãåºããŸã
|
You might have heard of those.
|
çããããåãã®ããšãããããŸãã
|
Also known as oxygen ions, those bind to our DNA, cause it to mutate, and cause us to get old and lose our hair.
|
é
žçŽ ã€ãªã³ãšããŠãç¥ãããããDNAã«çµåããŠå€ç°ãåŒãèµ·ããèåãè±æ¯ãèµ·ãããŸã
|
(Laughter) It's just like, no, it's exactly like oxygen binding to iron and making it rust.
|
ïŒ ç¬ ïŒ ããã¯éãé
žåããŠéã³ãã®ãšäŒŒãŠããããå
šãåãäœçšã§ã
|
So you age because you rust out.
|
ã€ãŸãèåã¯éã³ã€ããšããããšã§ãã
|
(Laughter) Oh, and scientists also know there is something called immortality: in cancer cells.
|
ïŒ ç¬ ïŒ ããããã°ç§åŠè
éã¯ããçš®ã®äžæ»ãšãããã®ãããããšãç¥ã£ãŠããŸãç现èã®ããšã§ã
|
So if you stop aging, all of you are going to turn into giant walking malignant tumors.
|
ã€ãŸãèåãæ¢ãŸããšããããšã¯èª°ããå·šå€§ãªæ©ãæªæ§è
«çã«ãªã£ãŠãããšããããšã§ãã
|
These are cherished beliefs, but could de Grey be on to something?
|
èåã¯äžå¯é¿ãšä¿¡ããããŠããŸãããã»ã°ã¬ã€ã¯äœãã«æ°ã¥ããã®ã§ãããã ïŒ
|
I think he deserves a closer look.
|
åœŒã¯æ³šç®ããã«å€ãããšæããŸã
|
First of all, I have a really hard time seeing him as a crackpot.
|
ãŸãæåã«ã©ãèŠãŠãç§ã«ã¯åœŒãçã£ãŠãã人éã«ã¯æããŸãã
|
Yeah, he started off life as a computer scientist, not a biologist, but he earned a PhD in biology from Cambridge, and he has published some very significant work on mitochondrial DNA and a bunch of other stuff.
|
çç©åŠè
ãšããŠã§ã¯ãªãã³ã³ãã¥ãŒã¿ãŒç§åŠè
ãšããŠåœŒã®ãã£ãªã¢ã¯å§ãŸããŸãããã±ã³ããªããžå€§åŠã§çç©åŠã®å士å·ãååŸããŠããããã³ã³ããªã¢DNAããã®ä»ã«é¢ãããšãŠãéèŠãªè«æãããã€ãçºè¡šããŸãã
|
Secondly, he started an antiaging foundation that has identified seven different causes of aging, to me, that seem very plausible, and he is hot in pursuit of fixes for every single one of them.
|
ïŒã€ç®ã«åœŒã¯èå鲿¢åºéãèšç«ã ïŒã€ã®èåèŠå ãç¹å®ããŸãããããã®èŠå ã¯ç§ã«ã¯ãšãŠã劥åœã«æããŸããããŠåœŒã¯åã
ã®èŠå ã«å¯Ÿãã解決çãç±å¿ã«æ¢ãæ±ããŠããŸã
|
For example, one of the reasons we age is that our mitochondrial DNA mutates, and we get kind of old and our cells lose energy.
|
äŸãã°èåã®èŠå ã®ïŒã€ã¯ããã³ã³ããªã¢DNAã®çªç¶å€ç°ã«ããæã
ã¯èåã现èã¯ãšãã«ã®ãŒã倱ã£ãŠãããŸã
|
He believes, and he's made a convincing case, that using viruses we can do gene therapy, fix that DNA and rejuvenate our cells.
|
圌ã¯ãŠã£ã«ã¹ãçšããéºäŒåæ²»çãå¯èœãšä¿¡ããŠãã確ããäŸã瀺ããŠããŸã DNAã修埩ã现èã®è¥è¿ããå¯èœãªã®ã§ã
|
One more thing.
|
ããïŒã€ãããŸã
|
We have an existent proof that extreme longevity is possible.
|
éç«ã£ãé·å¯¿ãå¯èœã§ããããšã®çãã蚌æ ããããŸã
|
Bristlecone pine trees live 5,000 years, and some lobsters don't age at all.
|
ã€ã¬ãŽãšãŠ ïŒ æŸã®äžçš® ïŒ ã®å¯¿åœã¯ïŒå幎ã§ãŸãããçš®ã®ããã¹ã¿ãŒã¯å
šã幎ããšããŸãã
|
Now, this doesn't mean that de Grey is going to revolutionize our lifespans.
|
ãã»ã°ã¬ã€ã人éã®å¯¿åœã«é©åœãèµ·ããããšããŠãããšã¯èšã£ãŠããŸãã
|
I mean, after all, we're not trees, and most of us are not lobsters.
|
çµå±æã
ã¯æšã§ããªãã倧æµã®äººã¯ããã¹ã¿ãŒã§ã¯ãããŸããããã
|
(Laughter) But I've got to believe that there are Darwins and Einsteins out there, and I'll tell you why.
|
ïŒ ç¬ ïŒ ã§ãããŒãŠã£ã³ãã¢ã€ã³ã·ã¥ã¿ã€ã³ã®ãããªç§åŠè
ããããšä¿¡ããããåŸãŸãããã®çç±ã¯
|
Consider this: there are seven times more people alive today than during Darwin's time.
|
ããããããšã§ãçŸåšã®äººå£ã¯ããŒãŠã£ã³ã®æä»£ã«æ¯ã¹ ïŒåã«ããªããŸã
|
There are four times as many people alive today as Einstein.
|
ã¢ã€ã³ã·ã¥ã¿ã€ã³ã®æä»£ã«æ¯ã¹ãã°ïŒåã§ã
|
When you consider that the proportion of scientists in the population has skyrocketed, there are now seven million scientists.
|
å
šäººå£ã«å ãã â ç§åŠè
ã®å²åã¯æ¥æ¿ã«å¢ããŠããä»ãïŒçŸäžäººã®ç§åŠè
ãããŸã
|
I've got to believe, and I do believe, that there's one of them out there who is working right now in obscurity to rock our lives, and I don't know about you, but I can't wait to be rocked.
|
ãã®äžã®ïŒäººãçåœã®ç§å¯ãè§£æããããšä»ãç§ãã«ç ç©¶ããŠãããã®ãšä¿¡ããããåŸãŸãããããä¿¡ããŠããŸãçããã¯ã©ããåãããŸãããç§ã¯è§£æãããæ¥ãåŸ
ã¡é ããã®ã§ã
|
Thank you.
|
ããããšãããããŸãã
|
(Applause)
|
ïŒ ææ ïŒ
|
I think it's safe to say that all humans will be intimate with death at least once in their lives.
|
人ã¯èª°ã§ãçããŠããéã«å°ãªããšãäžåºŠã¯æ»ãšå¯æ¥ã«é¢ããããšãããã§ããã
|
But what if that intimacy began long before you faced your own transition from life into death?
|
ã§ããã®é¢ãããèªåèªèº«ã®çãšæ»ã«åãåã â ãã£ãšåã«å§ãŸããšãããã©ãã§ãããã
|
What would life be like if the dead literally lived alongside you?
|
æ»ãšäžç·ã«æ®ãããšããããã®ç掻ã¯ã©ããªãã®ã§ãããã
|
In my husband's homeland in the highlands of Sulawesi island in eastern Indonesia, there is a community of people that experience death not as a singular event but as a gradual social process.
|
ç§ã®å€«ã®æ
é·ã¯ã€ã³ããã·ã¢æ±éšã«ããã¹ã©ãŠã§ã·å³¶ã®é«å°ã«ãããŸãããã«äœã人ã
ã¯æ»ãåç¬ã®åºæ¥äºãšããŠã§ã¯ãªã段éçãªç€ŸäŒã®éçšãšããŠçµéšããŸã
|
In Tana Toraja, the most important social moments in people's lives, the focal points of social and cultural interaction are not weddings or births or even family dinners, but funerals.
|
ã¿ãã»ãã©ãžã£ã§ã¯äººçã§æãéèŠãªç€ŸäŒçç¯ç®ã§ãã瀟äŒçæåçãªäº€æµã®çŠç¹ãšèããããŠããã®ã¯çµå©ã§ãåºç£ã§ãå®¶æãšã®é£äºã§ããªãè¬åã§ã
|
So this cultural complex surrounding death, the ritual enactment of the end of life, has made death the most visible and remarkable aspect of Toraja's landscape.
|
ããããæ»ã«ãŸã€ããæåçæŠå¿µ â 人çã®æåŸã®ååŒã«ãã£ãŠæ»ã¯ãã©ãžã£ã®é¢šæ¯ã®äžã§æã泚ç®ãããåŽé¢ãæ
ãã®ã§ã
|
Lasting anywhere from a few days to a few weeks, funeral ceremonies are a raucous affair, where commemorating someone who's died is not so much a private sadness but more of a publicly shared transition.
|
è¬åã¯æ°æ¥ããæ°é±éã«æž¡ã£ãŠè¡ãã倧å€ã«ãããã§ãæ»è
ãžã®è¿œæŒã¯å人çãªæ²ãã¿ãšããããã³ãã¥ããã£ãŒå
šäœã®ç¯ç®ãšèããããŠããŸã
|
And it's a transition that's just as much about the identity of the living as it is about remembrance of the dead.
|
ããã¯æ
人ããã®ã¶ãšåæã«çããŠãã人ã®ã¢ã€ãã³ãã£ãã£ã«ãé¢ããã®ã§ãçããŠãã人ã®ã¢ã€ãã³ãã£ãã£ã«ãé¢ããã®ã§ã
|
So even as we share death as a universal experience, it's not experienced the same way the world over.
|
æ»ã¯äžçäžã®èª°ããçµéšãããšã¯ãããã®çµéšã®ä»æ¹ã¯äžçäžã©ãã§ãåãã§ã¯ãªãã®ã§ã
|
And as an anthropologist, I see these differences in experience being rooted in the cultural and social world through which we define the phenomena around us.
|
ç§ã¯äººé¡åŠè
ãšããŠããããçµéšã«ãããéãã¯èº«ã®åãã§èµ·ããçŸè±¡ã®è§£éã®æ ¹æ ãšãªãæåç瀟äŒçäžç芳ã«ç«¯ãçºããŠãããšèããŠããŸã
|
So where we see an unquestionable reality, death as an irrefutable biological condition, Torajans see the expired corporeal form as part of a larger social genesis.
|
åããããã®ãªãçŸå®ãšããŠç©äºãèŠãå Žåæ»ã¯è°è«ãã¯ããäœå°ããªãããçç©åŠçãªç¶æ
ã§ãããã©ãžã£ã®äººãã¡ã¯èäœçãªæ»ã瀟äŒèŠæš¡ã§ã®ããå§ãŸãã®äžç°ãšèããŸã
|
So again, the physical cessation of life is not the same as death.
|
çåœæŽ»åã®ç©ççãªåæ¢ã¯æ»ãšã¯å¥ã®ãã®ãªã®ã§ã
|
In fact, a member of society is only truly dead when the extended family can agree upon and marshal the resources necessary to hold a funeral ceremony that is considered appropriate in terms of resources for the status of the deceased.
|
ãã©ãžã£ã®äººãæ¬åœã«æ»ãã ãšãããã®ã¯è¿èŠªè
ã®åæãåŸããè¬åãè¡ãã®ã«å¿
èŠãªè³éãçšæããããšãã§ãè¬åã«ã¯æ»è
ã®èº«åã«èŠåãã ãã®ãéããããããšã«ãªã£ãŠããŸã
|
And this ceremony has to take place in front of the eyes of the whole community with everyone's participation.
|
ãŸãè¬åã¯é¢ä¿è
å
šå¡ãåå ãå
šå¡ã®ç®ã®åã§è¡ãã®ã決ãŸãã§ã
|
So after a person's physical death, their body is placed in a special room in the traditional residence, which is called the tongkonan.
|
èäœçãªæ»ãè¿ããåŸéºäœã¯ãã³ã³ãã³ãšåŒã°ããäŒçµ±çãªäœå±
å
ã®ç¹å¥ãªäžå®€ã«å®çœ®ãããŸã
|
And the tongkonan is symbolic not only of the family's identity but also of the human life cycle from birth to death.
|
ãã³ã³ãã³ã¯éºæã®ã¢ã€ãã³ãã£ãã£ã®è±¡åŸŽã§ãã人éã®çãšæ»ãããã埪ç°ã®è±¡åŸŽã§ããããŸã
|
So essentially, the shape of the building that you're born into is the shape of the structure which carries you to your ancestral resting place.
|
ã ããåºç£ã®ããã®å»ºç©ã¯å
ç¥ãç ãå Žæãžæ»è
ãé£ããŠè¡ãä¹ãç©ãšåã圢ãããŠããã®ã§ã
|
Until the funeral ceremony, which can be held years after a person's physical death, the deceased is referred to as "" to makala, "" a sick person, or "" to mama, "" a person who is asleep, and they continue to be a member of the household.
|
è¬åãè¡ããããŸã§èäœçãªæ»åŸäœå¹Žãçµéããå ŽåããããŸããæ»è
ã¯ãã»ãã«ã©ãç
人ããšããã»ãããç ã人ããšåŒã°ããŸãå®¶æã®äžå¡ã§ããç¶ã
|
So I know what some of you must be thinking right now.
|
ãããèãã®æ¹ãããã§ããã
|
Is she really saying that these people live with the bodies of their dead relatives?
|
ãã€ãŸããã®äººãã¡ã¯èŠªæã®æ»äœãšäžç·ã«æ®ãããŠãããšããããšãªã®ã ïŒ ã
|
And that's exactly what I'm saying.
|
ãã®éãã§ã
|
So Torajans express this idea of this enduring relationship by lavishing love and attention on the most visible symbol of that relationship, the human body.
|
ãã®ããšãæãæçœã«è±¡åŸŽããéºäœãšãããã®ã«æãã¿ãªãææ
ãšæããããæ³šãããšã«ãã£ãŠãã©ãžã£ã®äººã
ã¯ãã®é¢ä¿ããã£ãšç¶ããšããããšã衚çŸããŠããŸã
|
So my husband has fond memories of talking to and playing with and generally being around his deceased grandfather, and for him there is nothing unnatural about this.
|
ç§ã®å€«ã«ã¯ç¥ç¶ã®éºäœãšãããã¹ããããéãã ãäžç·ã«éãããæãããæãåºããããŸã圌ã«ãšã£ãŠããã¯äžèªç¶ã§ãäœããªãããšã§ã
|
And here you can see these wooden effigies of the ancestors, so these are people who have already been buried, already had a funeral ceremony.
|
ãã¡ãã¯å
ç¥ãã¡ãããã©ã£ãæšåœ«ãã®åã§ããã§ã«åè¬ããè¬åãçµãã人ãã¡ã§ã
|
These are called tau tau.
|
ãã®åã¯ã¿ãŠã¿ãŠãšåŒã°ããŸã
|
So the funeral ceremony itself embodies this relational perspective on death.
|
ã€ãŸãè¬åã«ãã£ãŠæ»ãšé¢ä¿æ§ã«å¯Ÿããèãæ¹ãå
·äœåããããšããããã§ã
|
It ritualizes the impact of death on families and communities.
|
æ»ãããããå®¶æãã³ãã¥ããã£ãŒãžã®åœ±é¿ãè¬åã«ãã£ãŠååŒåããã®ã§ã
|
And it's also a moment of self-awareness.
|
ããã«è¬åã¯èªå·±èªèã®æ©äŒã§ããããŸã
|
It's a moment when people think about who they are, their place in society, and their role in the life cycle in accordance with Torajan cosmology.
|
人ã
ã¯èããããããŸãèªåã¯äœè
ãªã®ã瀟äŒã®äžã§èªåã®å±
å Žæã¯ã©ãããã©ãžã£ã®å®å®è«ã説ã â çåœã®ãµã€ã¯ã«ã«ãããèªåã®åœ¹å²ã¯äœã
|
So essentially, we all become grandparents to the generations of human children that come after us.
|
ã ããç§ãã¡ã¯äžäººæ®ããåŸäžã®åã©ããã¡ã«ãšã£ãŠã®ç¥ç¶æ¯ã«ãªããšããããã§ã
|
But the sacrifice of buffalo and the ritual display of wealth also exhibits the status of the deceased, and, by extension, the deceased's family.
|
æ°ŽçãçèŽã«ããããšãå¯ãååŒçã«èªç€ºããããšã¯æ
人ãã²ããŠã¯éºæã®èº«åã瀺ãããšã«ããªããŸã
|
So at funerals, relationships are reconfirmed but also transformed in a ritual drama that highlights the most salient feature about death in this place: its impact on life and the relationships of the living.
|
ã ããè¬åã«éãé¢ä¿æ§ã¯å確èªããããšåæã«åœ¢ãå€ããã®ã§ãååŒçãªãã©ããéãæµ®ã圫ãã«ãªãã®ã¯ãã®åå°ã«ãããæãé¡èãªæ»ã®ç¹åŸŽ â æ»ã人çãšçããŠãã人ãã¡ã®é¢ä¿æ§ã«äžãã圱é¿ã§ã
|
So all of this focus on death doesn't mean that Torajans don't aspire to the ideal of a long life.
|
ãã®ããã«æ»ãžã®é¢å¿ãé«ããšã¯ãããã©ãžã£ã®äººã
ãé·çãã®çæ³ã远ããªãããã§ã¯ãããŸãã
|
They engage in many practices thought to confer good health and survival to an advanced age.
|
圌ãã«ã¯å¥åº·ãé·å¯¿ããããããšèãããã â 圌ãã«ã¯å¥åº·ãé·å¯¿ããããããšèãããã â ãããããªé¢šç¿ããããŸã
|
But they don't put much stock in efforts to prolong life in the face of debilitating illness or in old age.
|
ããã圌ãã¯ç
æ°ã§äœã衰匱ããŠãããããã¯é«éœ¢ã«ãªã£ãŠãŸã§å»¶åœã®ããã®åªåãããããšã«ã¯ããŸãå·çããŸãã
|
It's said in Toraja that everybody has sort of a predetermined amount of life.
|
ãã©ãžã£ã§ã¯äººéã¯ç寿åœã決ãŸã£ãŠãããšèããããŠããŸã
|
It's called the sunga '.
|
ãã®ããšã¯ã¹ã³ã¬ãšåŒã°ããŸã
|
And like a thread, it should be allowed to unspool to its natural end.
|
糞巻ããã»ã©ããããã«èªç¶ã«çµãããšãããŸã§å€©å¯¿ãå
šããããšããããã§ã
|
So by having death as a part of the cultural and social fabric of life, people's everyday decisions about their health and healthcare are affected.
|
æåç瀟äŒçãªæå³ã§åœã®å¶ã¿ã®äžéšãšããŠæ»ãæããèãæ¹ã¯äººã
ãæ¥åžžçã«è¡ãå¥åº·ã«ã€ããŠã®å€æãå¥åº·ç®¡çã«åœ±é¿ããŸã
|
The patriarch of my husband's maternal clan, Nenet Katcha, is now approaching the age of 100, as far as we can tell.
|
å€«ã®æ¯æ¹ã®éšæã®é·ã¯ããããã«ãã£ãšãã人ã§ãããããã100æ³ã ãããšèšãããŠããŸã
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.