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There's one more, I think, wonderful twist to that tale.
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この話には意外な展開がもうひとつあります
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In "" Wonders of the Solar System, "" we kept emphasizing the laws of physics are universal.
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私たちがつくった番組の中で物理の法則は普遍だと強調し続けました
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It's one of the most incredible things about the physics and the understanding of nature that you get on Earth, is you can transport it, not only to the planets, but to the most distant stars and galaxies.
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物理学の素晴らしさのひとつは地球上のものの特質を理解すると他の惑星に限らずもっとも離れた星や銀河にも応用できることです
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That's a limit imposed on the mass of stars.
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星の質量に課せられた限界です
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You can work it out on a piece of paper in a laboratory, get a telescope, swing it to the sky, and you find that there are no dead stars bigger than 1.4 times the mass of the Sun.
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望遠鏡で空を観察すれば太陽の1.4倍以上の質量で死んだ星はないことを調べられます
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That's quite an incredible prediction.
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非常に驚くべき予想です
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What happens when you have a star that's right on the edge of that mass?
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それだけの質量をもつ星があった場合
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Well, this is a picture of it.
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このようなものが見られます
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This is the picture of a galaxy, a common "" our garden "" galaxy with, what, 100 billion stars like our Sun in it.
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銀河系に似た銀河の写真です太陽のような星が 1兆も存在します
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It's just one of billions of galaxies in the universe.
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宇宙にある何十億もある銀河のひとつです
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There are a billion stars in the galactic core, which is why it's shining out so brightly.
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銀河核には何十億もの星があるのでこんなに明るく輝いているのです
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This is about 50 million light years away, so one of our neighboring galaxies.
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これは約5千万光年離れている ― 私たちの近くの銀河のひとつです
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But that bright star there is actually one of the stars in the galaxy.
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でもそこにある明るい星はその銀河に属する星で
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So that star is also 50 million light years away.
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その星も 5千万光年離れています
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It's part of that galaxy, and it's shining as brightly as the center of the galaxy with a billion suns in it.
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その銀河の一部で何十億もの太陽を含み銀河の中心であるかのように輝いています
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That's a Type Ia supernova explosion.
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1a型の超新星爆発です
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Now that's an incredible phenomena, because it's a star that sits there.
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これは驚くべき現象ですそこに存在するのは
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It's called a carbon-oxygen dwarf.
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炭素と酸素で構成された矮星で
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It sits there about, say, 1.3 times the mass of the Sun.
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質量は太陽の約1.3倍です
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And it has a binary companion that goes around it, so a big star, a big ball of gas.
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周囲を回る連星が存在します大きなガスの星です
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And what it does is it sucks gas off its companion star, until it gets to this limit called the Chandrasekhar limit, and then it explodes.
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その連星からガスを吸い取りチャンドラセカール限界がくると爆発します
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And it explodes, and it shines as brightly as a billion suns for about two weeks, and releases, not only energy, but a huge amount of chemical elements into the universe.
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太陽の十億倍もの明るさで約2週間輝いて宇宙に莫大の量のエネルギーと化学元素を放ちます
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In fact, that one is a carbon-oxygen dwarf.
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それが炭素と酸素で構成された矮星です
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Now, there was no carbon and oxygen in the universe at the Big Bang.
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ビッグバンが起きたとき宇宙には炭素と酸素は存在せず
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And there was no carbon and oxygen in the universe throughout the first generation of stars.
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第一世代の星に炭素と酸素はありませんでしたが
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It was made in stars like that, locked away and then returned to the universe in explosions like that in order to recondense into planets, stars, new solar systems and, indeed, people like us.
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星の中で炭素と酸素が生成され凝集した状態からこのような爆発で宇宙に戻り惑星や星や新しい太陽系を形成して人間を生み出しました
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I think that's a remarkable demonstration of the power and beauty and universality of the laws of physics, because we understand that process, because we understand the structure of atoms here on Earth.
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これは物理の法則がもつ ― 力や特長や普遍性の見事な証拠だと思いますなぜなら地球で原子の構造を理解し超新星のプロセスを理解できるからです
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And they certainly didn't intend to describe the mechanics of supernova explosions, which eventually told us where the building blocks of life were synthesized in the universe.
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彼らは超新星爆発の仕組みを説明するつもりはもちろんありませんでしたが結局その仕組みによって宇宙における生命の成り立ちが説明されることになりました
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So, I think science can be — serendipity is important.
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よって思わぬ偶然による ― 発見は大切だと思います
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It can be beautiful. It can reveal quite astonishing things.
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そこから美しさや極めて驚くべきことが出てくる可能性があります
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It can also, I think, finally reveal the most profound ideas to us about our place in the universe and really the value of our home planet.
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また宇宙において地球がもつもっとも意味のあることや地球の価値とは何かを教えてくれると思います
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This is a spectacular picture of our home planet.
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この地球の写真には目を見張ります
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Now, it doesn't look like our home planet.
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土星のように見えるのは
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It looks like Saturn because, of course, it is.
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土星だからなのですが
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It was taken by the Cassini space probe.
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カッシーニが撮影した ―
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But it's a famous picture, not because of the beauty and majesty of Saturn's rings, but actually because of a tiny, faint blob just hanging underneath one of the rings.
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この写真が有名なのは美しく荘厳なる土星の輪が理由ではありません輪の向こうに淡い小さな点が浮かんで見えるからです
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And if I blow it up there, you see it.
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引き伸ばすと見えますね
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It looks like a moon, but in fact, it's a picture of Earth.
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これは衛星に見えますが地球の写真です
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It was a picture of Earth captured in that frame of Saturn.
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土星の写真に収められた地球です
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That's our planet from 750 million miles away.
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12億km離れた場所から撮影した地球です
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I think the Earth has got a strange property that the farther away you get from it, the more beautiful it seems.
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地球とは奇妙なことに離れれば離れるほど美しく映るように思います
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But that is not the most distant or most famous picture of our planet.
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でも地球を一番離れた場所から捉えた ―
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It was taken by this thing, which is called the Voyager spacecraft.
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一番有名な写真はボイジャーが撮りました
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And that's a picture of me in front of it for scale.
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大きさがわかるように正面に私が立っています
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The Voyager is a tiny machine.
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ボイジャーは小さな探査機で
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It's currently 10 billion miles away from Earth, transmitting with that dish, with the power of 20 watts, and we're still in contact with it.
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現在地球から160億kmも離れた場所で 20ワットの出力で信号を送り未だに交信を続けています
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But it visited Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.
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木星と土星と天王星 ― 海王星までたどり着き
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And after it visited all four of those planets, Carl Sagan, who's one of my great heroes, had the wonderful idea of turning Voyager around and taking a picture of every planet it had visited.
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この4つの惑星を観測した後私が尊敬しているカールセーガンがすばらしいことを思いつきましたボイジャーの向きを変え訪れた場所の写真を撮るのです
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And it took this picture of Earth.
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そしてこの地球の写真を撮りました
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Now it's very hard to see the Earth there, it's called the "" Pale Blue Dot "" picture, but Earth is suspended in that red shaft of light.
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“かすかな青い点 ” と呼ばれていますが光のすじに重ねて地球が見えます
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That's Earth from four billion miles away.
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64億kmも離れた場所から捉えた地球です
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And I'd like to read you what Sagan wrote about it, just to finish, because I cannot say words as beautiful as this to describe what he saw in that picture that he had taken.
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セーガンの言葉を紹介します彼が撮った写真をこれだけ美しい表現で言い表すことはできません
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He said, "" Consider again that dot.
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“この点をもう一度よく考えてごらん
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That's here. That's home. That's us.
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ここにある我が家だ私たちだ
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On it, everyone you love, everyone you know, everyone you've ever heard of, every human being who ever was lived out their lives.
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ここに愛する人がいる耳にしたことがある人たちみんな今まで生きてきた ― みんなが住んでいた場所
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It's been said that astronomy's a humbling and character-building experience.
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天文学とは人を謙虚にし人格を形成する経験だ
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There is perhaps no better demonstration of the folly of human conceits than this distant image of our tiny world.
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自負心の愚かさを教えてくれるのはこの小さな世界を遠くから写した ― 写真の他にないかもしれない
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To me, it underscores our responsibility to deal more kindly with one another and to preserve and cherish the pale blue dot, the only home we've ever known. "" Beautiful words about the power of science and exploration.
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人間がお互いに親切心で歩み寄り唯一の家である ― この青い点を大事にすることが私たちの責任なのだ ” 科学と探求の力を表現する美しい言葉です
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The argument has always been made, and it will always be made, that we know enough about the universe.
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宇宙を知り尽くしたという声はこれからも聞かれるでしょう
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You could have made it in the 1920s; you wouldn't have had penicillin.
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でもペニシリンやトランジスタだって
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You could have made it in the 1890s; you wouldn't have the transistor.
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研究がなければ生まれなかったのです
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And it's made today in these difficult economic times.
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経済的に厳しい現在も
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Surely, we know enough.
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宇宙探査はもう必要ないと ―
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We don't need to discover anything else about our universe.
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おっしゃる方々はいます
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Let me leave the last words to someone who's rapidly becoming a hero of mine, Humphrey Davy, who did his science at the turn of the 19th century.
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最後に私が尊敬する方の言葉を紹介させてください 19世紀初頭に科学の研究をしていたハンフリーデービーで
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He was clearly under assault all the time.
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彼は常に非難されていました
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"" We know enough at the turn of the 19th century.
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19世紀への変わり目に見られた傾向は
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(Applause)
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( 拍手 )
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Some of the greatest innovations and developments in the world often happen at the intersection of two fields.
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世界で最も大きな発展やイノベーションがよく起きるのは 2つの分野が交わる場所です
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So tonight I'd like to tell you about the intersection that I'm most excited about at this very moment, which is entertainment and robotics.
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今夜は私が今一番夢中なエンターテインメントとロボティクスが交わる所についてお話ししたいと思います
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So if we're trying to make robots that can be more expressive and that can connect better with us in society, maybe we should look to some of the human professionals of artificial emotion and personality that occur in the dramatic arts.
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ロボットがもっと表現力を持って社会の中で私たちとうまく関われるようにしたいと思うなら作られた感情や人格を舞台上で生み出している芸人に目を向けるべきかもしれません
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I'm also interested in creating new technologies for the arts and to attract people to science and technology.
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私はまた芸術のための新しいテクノロジーを作ることでみんなが科学やテクノロジーにもっと興味を持てるようにしたいのです
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Some people in the last decade or two have started creating artwork with technology.
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この10年か20年でテクノロジーによって芸術を生み出そうとする試みが行われてきました
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With my new venture, Marilyn Monrobot, I would like to use art to create tech.
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私のベンチャー「マリリン・モンロボット」では芸術からテクノロジーを生み出そうと思っています
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(Laughter) So we're based in New York City.
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私たちはニューヨークを拠点としています
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And if you're a performer that wants to collaborate with an adorable robot, or if you have a robot that needs entertainment representation, please contact me, the Bot-Agent.
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愛らしいロボットと共演したい芸人の方やご自分のロボットにエンターテインメント要素を付けたい方はエージェントの私にご連絡ください
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The bot, our rising celebrity, also has his own Twitter account: @ robotinthewild.
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未来のスターたるこのロボットには Twitterアカウントもあります @ robotinthewild です
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I'd like to introduce you to one of our first robots, Data.
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では私たちの最初のロボットであるデータ君をご紹介しましょう
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He's named after the Star Trek character.
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スタートレックの登場人物から名前を取りました
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I think he's going to be super popular.
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きっとすごい人気者になると思います
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We've got the robot — in his head is a database of a lot of jokes.
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この子の頭の中にはたくさんのジョークのデータベースがあります
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Now each of these jokes is labeled with certain attributes.
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それぞれのジョークは様々な属性でラベル付けされていて
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So it knows something about the subject; it knows about the length.
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ジョークの長さやネタや動きを
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It knows how much it's moving.
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データ君は把握しています
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And so it's going to try to watch your response.
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そして皆さんの反応を見ています
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I actually have no idea what my robot is going to do today.
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実際この子が今日何をするのか私には見当もつきません
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(Laughter) It can also learn from you about the quality of its jokes and cater things, sort of like Netflix-style, over longer-term to different communities or audiences, children versus adults, different cultures.
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(笑い声) この子はジョークの出来を皆さんから学んでそれに応じて提示するのです長期間に渡って異なるコミュニティや聴衆へと子どもと大人の違いや文化の相違を学習します
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You can learn something from the robot about the community that you're in.
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皆さんが属するコミュニティについてこのロボットから何か知ることができるでしょう
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And also I can use each one of you as the acting coach to our future robot companions.
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そして私は皆さん1人ひとりを今後のロボットのためのコーチとして活用することができます
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Some of you in this middle section — you have red / green paddles.
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中ほどの席の方には赤と緑のパネルをお渡ししてあります
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If you like what's going on, show the green.
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お気に召したら緑を出してください
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If you don't like the subject or the performance, you can hold the red.
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ネタやパフォーマンスが気に入らなければ赤を出してください
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Now don't be shy.
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気兼ねする必要はありません
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It's just a robot.
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ただのロボットですから
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It doesn't have feelings... yet.
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感情はないです・・・今のところは
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(Laughter) And the rest of you, you still count, you still matter.
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(笑い声) 他の皆さんにも協力していただきます
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There's also a microphone that's listening to the aggregate laughter and applause and booing — I hope not — to help make some of its next decisions.
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マイクロフォンで皆さんの笑い声や拍手やそれに (あってほしくないですが) ブーイングを聞き取って次の行動の判断材料にしているのです
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Right, so, let the robot stand-up comedy begin.
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それではロボットによるお笑い芸を始めましょう
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Data: Hello TEDWomen.
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TEDWomenの皆さんこんにちは
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