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Production Management – Engineer’s Point of View Case Study Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Mission statement 3. Current strategies 4. Discussion 5. Conclusion Introduction Every company must have a mission statement. A mission statement shows direction of the company. Moreover, it ensures that objectives of the company align with its mission. This paper will explore Toyota’s mission statement. It will also investigate if its strategies are aligned with the mission statement. Mission statement A Mission statement provides direction for a company. This is essential in defining its objectives as well as strategies. Toyota is an automobile manufacturing company. Its mission statement is to move people in a better way. Precisely, it has a global mission. Its mission states “Toyota will lead the way to the future of mobility, enriching lives around the world with the safest and most responsible ways of moving people.” Current strategies The company has established numerous strategies to pursue its Global mission, these include: * Commitment to quality * Respect for planet * Constant innovation The company has utilized these strategies with a view to reaching its mission statement. Discussion Toyota has presence all over the world. In fact, the company has continued to provide affordable quality automobiles to its range of customers. Moreover, it has implemented flexible structures that enable it to reach out to different groups of customers. For instance, the company has introduced Toyota certified used automobiles for its low-income customers. The first strategy employed by Toyota is to commit to quality. Toyota has an operation segment that designs and supplies quality automobile to its customers. Toyota conducts quality assessment on its products to ensure compliance with the latest regulation on safety and quality. Moreover, the company has employed mechanisms to communicate with their customers and dealers with a view to ensuring quality of automobiles. Recent recall of specific brands of Toyota automobiles is an evidence of commitment to quality, even after sales. This strategy has ensured that Toyota command the world’s market in volume of sales. This strategy therefore goes a long way in strengthening its mission statement of moving people in a better way. The second strategy is to commit to constant innovation. The world is ever changing with various technological advances aimed at making life easy, being explored. Toyota has committed its finances in research and development to improving and innovating new technologies for better automobiles. In essence, the company spends on research and development for innovation with a view to improving ways of moving people. This strategy aligns with the company’s mission since it aims to give people better technology that moves them in a better way. The third strategy is to commit to respect for planet. The planet is faced with increasing challenges with regard to its conservation. Issues such as global warming, among others, have put pressure in companies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Toyota is committed to this initiative. In fact, the company has proved this by manufacturing environment friendly automobiles. Moreover, it has made steps to contribute to environmental conservation efforts through participation and contribution. This shows that the company values its community and aims to move them in a better way as confirmed in the mission statement. Conclusion Toyota has a mission aimed at bettering the movement of its customers. This has enabled them to establish mission friendly strategies namely, commitment to innovation, quality and the planet. Toyota is therefore committed to its mission statement through the strategies employed above.
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Erik Erikson and the Life Cycle in the Classroom Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction: Biographical Overview 2. Epigenesis of Identity and Neo-Freudianism 3. Teaching Middle Schoolers: Erikson’s Theory in the Classroom 4. Conclusion 5. Works Cited Introduction: Biographical Overview Erik Homburger Erikson (1902-1994) is a renowned German-American psychologist and psychoanalyst. In his early years, Erikson was not sure about the path that he would like to pursue, and after he finished school, he took a gap year to travel around Germany as an artist drawing portraits and selling them. Due to his successful tutoring endeavors in art, Erikson was advised to study children psychology at the Vienna Psychoanalytic Institute. His most significant contribution to psychoanalysis was putting forward the theory of developmental stages in human beings. Even though Erikson did not have a bachelor’s degree, he served as a professor at many top-level universities, including Harvard, and his publications were some of the most cited in his field. This paper will discuss the theory of the epigenesis of identity and how it applies to teaching. Epigenesis of Identity and Neo-Freudianism It is safe to assume that meeting Anna Freud, Sigmund Freud’s daughter, gave Erikson’s career in psychology a head start. She noticed how considerate he was of the needs of the young students in his art class and suggested that he develop his propensities in academia. Erikson was largely influenced by Freud’s ideas about the stages of human development – anal, oral, latent, and genital. While both researchers used the life-span perspective – an approach emphasizing the changes throughout human life – Erikson shifted the focus from sexuality to social experience and explained how environment impacted personality. Moreover, he increased the number of stages up to eight, and together, they constituted the epigenetic principle – the rule of predetermination of human development. Erikson argued that individuals did not transition from stage to stage smoothly – instead, each time, they faced an identity crisis which they needed to overcome in order to become mature (Friedman and Schustack 52). For instance, school students are likely to go through two stages – industry vs. inferiority (6-12 years) and identity vs. role confusion (12-18 years). It is critical that education practitioners take the developmental stages into account when elaborating a curriculum and handling children’s issues. Teaching Middle Schoolers: Erikson’s Theory in the Classroom I would like to describe a situation in which I have to teach a foreign language to a class of 11-12 year-olds (5th or 6th grade). Now, as it is clear from Erikson’s theory of developmental stages, at this age, children are approaching the industry vs. inferiority crisis. Thus, the students in my class are likely to have issues with the feeling of adequacy: they may be in doubts whether they can keep up with their peers (Snowman and McCown 105). At the same time, the students may be afraid of making mistakes and being reprimanded for them. The lesson plan would include the students presenting their home projects in a foreign language in front of the class. While it is a common assignment, many students are struggling with feeling confident about their public speaking skills. Before the presentation, I would encourage students to listen closely and take notes and after each presentation, I would ask a couple of people “Could you please point out the best things about your peers’ project?” Since the students are likely to make mistakes, I would ask their classmates to explain to them their shortcomings – the commentary from their peers must sound less harsh. The expected outcome of the proposed instruction is less hesitation in giving presentations and positive self-esteem. Conclusion Erik Erikson was a prolific author and psychoanalytic, and his legacy lives on as his theory of developmental stages remains relevant to this day. In his work “The Life Cycle: The Epigenesis of Identity,” Erikson explained that human personality always remained in the state of flux, undergoing many changes. The stages are predetermined from birth till death and so are the identity crises in between – the personal conflicts a person needs to overcome to grow. In middle school, children are confronted with the industry vs. inferiority crisis. A teacher can help them feel better about themselves through positive reinforcement. Works Cited Friedman, Howard S., and Miriam W. Schustack. Readings in Personality. Classic Theories and Modern Research. Allyn and Bacon, 2001. Snowman, Jack, and Rick McCown. Psychology Applied to Teaching. Cengage Learning, 2013.
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The Problem of Corporate Responsibility and Ethics in a Business Expository Essay In the light of the globalization, the problem of corporate responsibility and ethics in a business problems have come to the fore. In order to promote corporate responsibility in a business balance, it is necessary to strike the balance between compliance-based and integrity-driven approaches. In particular, managers should pay attention to the way employees adhere to legal standards; yet, understanding the value of integrated approaches to accomplishing organization objective is important as well. With regard to the cases under analysis, the strict emphasis should be placed on the role of utilitarianism viewpoint as the foundational principles in considering conflicting situations. Implementing compliance or ethics programs does not directly relate to the ethical dilemmas that occur in the workplace. In fact, the actual reasons for emerging conflicts consist in manager’s ability to shape organization vision, mission, and codes of conduct. As a prove Payne states, “…organizational ethics means more than avoiding illegal practice” (106). Therefore, Apple’s case of launching new products is justified from utilitarian perspective because the outcomes of their actions are more reasonable than original intent. From an ethical perspective, mitigating $ 200 decrease seems to be approved because the company strived to avoid decline in sales and profitability. Besides, boosting the capacity of other products has also allowed the organization to sustain normal development and motivate employees to work efficiently. Once again, utilitarian perspective approves the decision made by the managers because it does not do any harm both to the buyers and to the employees. Therefore, introducing decrease in price can only attract more customers and increase the popularity of the new model. The moral worth of the case is more focused on the outcomes rather than on the initial purposes. While applying utilitarian point of view, Apple’s actions could be ethically justified because the new product has been launched for maximizing the utility of the old model. On the one hand, launching a new model in half a year is an ordinary process in a rapidly developing technological world. Therefore, a price increase for the products could not be regarded as an ethical dilemma because experienced customers should be aware of the paces of the product development and could have waited for the new model to appear. On the other hand, Apple could immediately present a discount on iPhone 5 model, or provide a beneficial offer. For instance, a $ 200 rebate on old models can be established, which is a good substitution for $ 200 increase for the development of the new model (Reeves n. p.). As a result, utilitarian ethics rigidly confronts the deontological perspective because the virtue ethics could not be applied in this case. The utilitarian viewpoint provides a full picture of Apple’s case challenges and problems. In particular, the company was expected to launch a new product, although the original intentions seemed to be unclear. However, further business actions were directed at reducing the price for the models, as well as developing new products that could enhance the demand and increase the customer base. Such a decision also positively influences the welfare of the Apple employees. With regard to the SOX disclosure initiative, Apple’s case could be approved a swell because transparent reporting could become beneficial both for the company managers and for the customers buying this product (Siegel n. p.). Finally, utilitarian perspective focuses on the outcomes and, therefore, consumers could be more encouraged to buy Apple products. Works Cited Payne, Lynn Sharp. “Managing for Organizational integrity”. Harvard Business Review. 1994: 106-117. Web. Reeves, Clayton. “ Subtle Innovation: Apple’s Incremental Improvement Strategy ”, Seeking Alpha. 2012. Web. Siegel, Marc A. “Option Backdating: Corporate Governance Remains a Challenge”. The CPA Journal. 2007. Web.
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Simulations, Visual Worlds, and Game Mechanics in Nursing Education Essay Table of Contents 1. Simulations 2. Visual Worlds (VWs) 3. Game Mechanics 4. Current Use in Nursing Education 5. Future Use in Nursing Education 6. Effectiveness 7. Limitations 8. References Simulations Simulations represent imitations of real-life events or circumstances, which can be used to replicate a clinical scenario and facilitate practicing skills in a mock situation (Eyikara & Baykara, 2017). Simulations are considered to be more realistic than games and less fun to use. Simulations excel at supporting nonlinear, dynamic content, which encourages learners to engage in complex analysis and decision-making within a dynamic environment. Visual Worlds (VWs) Virtual Worlds are three dimensional environments in which one appears as an avatar and can interact with others (Bauman, 2017). Virtual worlds usually have no set goals or competition. They are used for exploratory learning and social interaction. VWs represent a promising technology with immersive media richness to bring social activities closer to real-life experiences. Enable nurses and patents to take advantage of emerging technologies (Bauman, 2017). Address the increasing demands of out-of-hospital care models. Nurse-patient connections are vital in maintaining quality and efficiency of care. Play a significant role in enabling student nurses attain their goals aided by Internet-based technologies. Game Mechanics Game Mechanics are defined by McGonigle and Mastrian (2021) as the rules, instructions, directions, and constructs that the learner interacts with while playing the game. It is due to games being goal oriented and often competitive in nature (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2021). Nevertheless, games should be fun to play and light-hearted. Games are goal-oriented and rule-based events that engage players through consequence. The consequences provide a system of rewards for achievement within the game and often provide a negative repercussion for actions that do not subscribe to the goals or rules of the game. The consequences found in games, particularly videogames, are often driven by game mechanics. Current Use in Nursing Education Constant development of the nursing informatics encourages nursing educators to look for new educational tools and implement simulation, Games and Virtual Worlds as some of the educational methods. These tools provide an efficient, effective and engaging educational experience for students. Today’s games, simulations, applications, and digital environments are on track to useful ubiquity, following in the footsteps of what we now accept as systems and components of contemporary sims. Recent advances in technology have led to an explosion of sophisticated multi-media and digital educational content. Furthermore, although manikin-based simulators remain relatively expensive, delivery platforms that support complex digital environments, videogames, and mobile apps are increasingly more accessible and affordable to students, faculty, and researchers. Future Use in Nursing Education Nurse educators who vet, then embrace game-based learning, mobile apps, and virtual reality are in position to advance clinical curricula to better prepare students for modern and future practice. Best practices will continue to evolve while researchers create a body of evidence to support the integration of innovative multi-media technology for clinical education. Effectiveness Game mechanics allow the player to interact with the game or within the game environment. They work to engage learners within the digital environment and promote progress within the game experience. Nurse educators perceive simulations, videogames, and virtual environments as part of a layered learning model. Learning has become increasingly mobile, and less emphasis is placed on the physical location in which learning takes place. Best practices related to the integration of game-based teaching and learning and other innovative technologies related to nursing and clinical sciences curricula remain a moving target. Limitations Think of a simulation as the imitation of something that is real. Sims represent key design elements or variables of a system or process that occur in the real world. Whether recreated in a theatrical manner in a created space, such as a bricks-and-mortar simulation laboratory or with a computer in a digital space, simulation uses artificial history or narrative to support and recreate real-world paradigms. The process is relatively costly and require infrastructural support from the service-provider. References 1. Bauman, E. B. (2017). Games, virtual environments, mobile applications and a futurist’s crystal ball . Clinical Simulation in Nursing , 12 (4), 109-114. Web. 2. Eyikara, E., & Baykara, Z. G. (2017). undefined. World Journal on Educational Technology: Current Issues , 9 (1), 02-07. Web. 3. McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. (2021). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge . Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
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America & World War I Term Paper Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Discussion 3. Conclusion 4. Bibliography 5. Footnotes Introduction When the American congress agreed to Woodrow Wilson’s request that America join WW1 on the side of the allies in April 1917, it was nearly three years since the war had broken out 1 . Up to that point, in spite of continuous provocations by Britain and Germany, and especially the latter, America had remained in the mainstream and kept its promise to remain neutral in the war and continue doing business with both sides. The three years have been used to argue that the US was unwilling to enter the war; that the US was neutral as Woodrow Wilson had declared. But this is not exactly true; the US was not neutral, neither was it unwilling to join the war. In this paper we shall explore this assertion. Discussion As the war broke out in Europe, Woodrow Wilson, in calling for neutrality said that the Americans “must remain impartial both in thought and in action” 2 . But was this true, that the US could remain impartial in thought and in action? First, let us look at the ‘thought’. From the earlier days of war, it was obvious that the US would be more aligned to the allies, mainly led by Britain and France; as one historian observed “France had lent a hand to the colonies during the times of American Revolution” 3 . Now America recalled those times and it was time for payback, but America was also more “socially and culturally connected with Britain in terms of literature, language and democratic institutions” 4 . With these historical factors and ties in place, it is doubtful that the US would have been neutral, at least not in thought. But in the first two years of the war, the undecided ‘thought’ became reflected in the ‘actions’ of the US as well. The US had made great investments in the efforts of the allies in the war. “Soon, as the war progressed and it became highly likely that the blockade by the British would only allow the US to trade with allies, the US took upon itself to finance essentials such as foods and weapons for both France and Great Britain” 5 and the US industries basked in the market. On the economic front and in arms supply it became obvious to the Germans, there was no partiality as the US’s sympathies and loyalty lay mostly with the allies. Up to this point, it is clear that the US was not as neutral as they had claimed. But these factors are not to be solely blamed on the US. Britain, having cut off communication between the US and the alliance, especially Germany, controlled much of the information on the war that reached the US. With this it became easy to absolve the US of the German-type-itchiness to join the war. This is especially reflected in the US’s act of restraint and control to avoid getting into the war even in the face of rude provocations by the warring camps, especially Germany. It has been argued that “the Zimmerman Telegram’ was one of the major immediate impetuses for the US joining the war” 6 . This is true, especially in the sense that by threatening the US’s stance on the dispute zones along its borders with Mexico, Germany was most explicitly taking the war to the US front door. Yet, in declaring war, President Woodrow Wilson gave the main reason as an effort to make the world a safer place for democracy to thrive. The truth was that the US had to, amongst other reasons, save the allies from falling and hence guard against losing its loans to them. But it sought to hide these fears under a ‘global’ face. This marked the first of US’s effort to use its so-called search for global democracy to veil its own immediate interests. ‘Global’ democracy has been what defines the US’s foreign policy even up to date; the US’s global foreign policy has been the impetus behind its place as the ‘superpower’. It is quite convenient how the US’s entry had coincided with the subsiding strength of the allies. Yet in spite of joining the war on the sides of the allies, President Wilson had decided that the US would fight alone; that is, without integrating the American military with the ally armies (French and British). This became a major bone of contention amongst the allies in the dying days of the war. Conclusion Contrary to the truth, the US claimed impartiality in thought and action while it continued to supply the allies in the war with arms, food and financial aid while at the same time seeking to end the war. These factors expose much of the US’s perception of this war at the time. Of course, if the US hadn’t entered the war, the damage would definitely have been worse; its entry marked the end of the war and an uglier ending. But one must also acknowledge that the outcome of WW1 laid the ground for WW2, and both these wars marked the US’s rise to world power. Bibliography “ America in the Great War ,” Eyewitness history. Web. Guisepi Robert, “Tragic War and Futile Peace: World War I , ” Historyworld. Web. “ America and World War On e,” History learnings. Web. Footnotes 1. History learnings. America and World War One . 2. Ibid. 3. Ibid. 4. History learnings, op. cit. 5. Eyewitness history. America in the Great War . 6. Guisepi, R. Tragic War and Futile Peace: World War I.
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‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Manifestation of envy 3. Managing Envy 4. Conclusion 5. Comments 6. Works Cited Introduction In the article ‘Envy at work,’ Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson asserted that, “Envy in the place of work can contribute immensely to the down fall of any organization.” In most cases, the end result turns out to be damaging to the envied and the envier. In line with this, the authors argue that envy can be difficult to manage especially when the envier is in a state of denial. Self-denial tends to be common due to the unsocial nature of envy and the way it manifests itself when left untamed. Furthermore, in the article, the authors talk about envy in the workplace and suggested various ways in which it can to be prevented or avoided (2). Manifestation of envy To give a perfect example of how envy could be the source of strained relationship between friends or colleagues, two coworkers namely Scott and Marty used to be team mates in a consulting firm. They both had a perfect performance record and regarded it as the core personalities of the team. In as much as both were competitive, they had different personalities, Marty was more of a performer, but Scott was more of a social person who had his networking skills well cut out. Scott gained more recognition and attention as compared to Marty due to his social traits. Marty on the other hand got less attention and he brushed aside Scott’s qualities and claimed that people will only recognize who is superior regardless of character (Menon & Thompson 3). Scott later earned a promotion at the work place and this irritated Marty and made him envious of Scott. In the end, due to envy Marty almost sabotaged Scott’s presentation. Instead of Scott losing his job, Marty is sent packing and he lost his job. This clearly indicates how the envy of one colleague towards another can cause one to stop focusing on his achievements and instead struggle to sabotage other person’s positions. In the end this only succeeds in damaging the envier s reputation and respect (Menon & Thompson 3). Tanya Menon and Leigh Thompson further pinpointed that most managers prefer getting ideas from their counter parts in different organizations as opposed to getting ideas from internal colleagues. This idea has resulted in companies having to spend more on time and money hiring consultants yet the organization consists of people who can execute the job in a similar way or even better. The issue of inside rivalry tends to damage an organization in terms of losing its key people to other organizations where their ideas are more appreciated (4). Managing Envy The authors in their article suggested ways in which envy can be tamed and managed in a manner that does not damage an organizations growth. The first step is identifying things that make an individual envious of others. Also, asking things that make an individual feel insecure. They suggest focusing on one’s progress rather than concentrating on other coworkers or individuals development. That way one is able to gauge personal progress and avoid envious feelings from coming up every time a colleague progresses. Another important aspect involves acknowledging ones strengths since everyone has something that he or she is good at (Menon & Thompson 5). In order to manage envy in a team, the authors suggested simple techniques such as the sharing of glory. Whenever a team performs well, the managers need to congratulate all team members and also promote some members. This will play a huge role in creating a good relationship and nurturing future leaders. Another important strategy includes making what appears scarce to be in abundance. This will reduce competition for resources and consequently curtail levels of envy among colleagues. The organization should also give workmates who appear as envious of one another, different levels of influence so that they would not have to brush shoulders trying to outdo one another. By so doing, they will be gauged based on different metrics. The authors warned managers to avoid selective praises whereby they consistently give praise and attention to selected few and ignoring other team members who obviously contribute to the team’s success in one way or the other. Collaborative ideas and innovations ought to be encouraged in organizations in order to encourage sharing of ideas among members of an organization and learning from one another. Conclusion The authors state that envy comes naturally and automatically, but can be controlled or managed and harnessed to improve an individual’s performance and also the performance of team members (Menon & Thompson 6). Lastly, the authors asserted that “by meditating on vulnerable moments and exercising new habits, one can change an improper and harmful emotion into a means of improving both performance and dealing with coworkers.” Comments From this text, I personally would discourage envy to come in between an organizations progress because in most cases, it ends up creating enmity among colleagues and eventually they end up devising ways of sabotaging their coworkers. The sole looser becomes the organization because as a result, it loses its bests managers and workers to other organizations. Works Cited Menon, Tanya, and Thompson Leigh. “Envy at work.” Harvard Business Review . April 2010: 1-6. Print.
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Decision Making Using Budget Data Report A budget enables a company to plan how to use its money in the following year by allocating it to different departments. Each department is then allowed to use its own money according to its plans. Although budgets provide some leeway, companies highly follow them. Budgets are made of hypothetical figures, but managers can use the data they contain to make important decisions. The following are some of the ways managers can use budgets to make decisions. The first decision that managers can make based on data obtained from a budget is concerned with staffing. A manager assesses the staffing requirements in an organisation from time to time. Staffing in every department determines the amount of work that is delegated to employees. The growth of organisations implies that the number of work increases significantly hence there might be a need to recruit new employees. A manager would refer to a departmental budget to determine whether new employees should be hired or continue working with the available ones. The second area where a manager can make decisions based on data obtained from a budget is sales and marketing. Managers are required to exercise their discretion as they think about organisational budgets and the requirements of sales and marketing groups. Sales and marketing budgets are drafted immediately a fiscal year begins after which managers decide on how money should be used. A budget enables managers to balance the allocation of funds to ensure that the sales and marketing groups do not fail because they form a critical part of a business organisation (How Does Budgeting Help Managers in Business Decision Making? 2013). The third way through which a budget is used by managers to make decisions is by motivating employees. Managers use a budget as a crucial tool of motivation to realise set goals. As organisations earn more profits, the probability of employees getting additional bonuses increases. A budget helps managers to make decisions on how such bonuses should be awarded to employees. It is also used to motivate them to play an active role in increasing the efficiency of an organisation. Organisations need to fulfill their budget projections for them to remain in business. When employees are motivated, they contribute towards the realisation of budget figures (Stickney, 2005). The fourth way through which managers use a budget in decision making is that it guides them on how to expand their organisations. Managers who plan to expand the scope of their businesses include expansion costs into the main budget. This enables them to regulate the extent to which their companies can grow. A budget does not give leeway for massive growth within a short period but allows for gradual growth. When growth exceeds the initial projections, this indicates good performance. On the other hand, expansion is suspended when projected growth is not realised. Data obtained from a budget also helps managers in planning, which is among the basic and most important roles of a manager. Planning involves a lot of decisions that are made by managers since they have to adopt effective strategies and policies. Clearer policies and strategies make organisational plans effective and consistent. Data obtained from budgets are used to formulate the performance expected by the managers. Budgets emphasise the role of planning which is performed by managers. Budgets play an important role in the decision-making processes that managers engage in. References How Does Budgeting Help Managers in Business Decision Making? (2013). Web. Stickney, M. (2005). Managerial Accounting. New York: Southwestern Sengage.
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Healthcare Insurance in the United States Essay In the United States, it is estimated that close to 100 million citizens receive their healthcare insurance through their employers; this is a program referred to as Employer-Sponsored Healthcare. Based on the implications and benefits from this healthcare strategy, it suffices to conclude that employers should be responsible for providing healthcare insurance to their employees, as well as their families. Purchasing insurance for the workers by their employer has significant benefits to the last one. It has economic advantages, as this tends to reduce administrative costs. When employees are registered as a group, the cost of administration is reduced as opposed to individual registration where a person has to bear all the costs. The problem of adverse risk selection is also reduced through the employer-sponsored healthcare insurance since most employer-sponsored groups are stable: they are formed for reasons of purchasing the cover. On the other hand, individual policies tend to be higher due to the high rate of risk selection. Another reason is that these insurance policies help the employee enjoy costs reduction because the employer is exempted from state and federal social security and income security payroll taxes. This advantage enables the employees to save their money for household and other basic needs. Individual insurance polices deduct social security from the payroll of individual, hence increasing their cost of healthcare insurance. Employer-sponsored healthcare insurance is also convenient as it saves the employees’ time since the employees automatically make the deductions from their payrolls. Therefore, they are not involved in the process of sending or remitting the premium on monthly basis. More importantly, one cannot evade the question of innovation that goes hand in hand with employer-sponsored healthcare in terms of the delivery system that is evident only in the U.S. It has developed a way to the redistribution of care to cover the costs for patients residing both within and outside the health centers. This healthcare program has led to the adoption of high quality models that take care of both funding and release of healthcare services to the employees, as well as their families. Kaiser Permanente is an excellent illustration of these models. Another advantage of the employer-sponsored healthcare is the establishment of more complex techniques of meeting the healthcare needs of the employees from all the angles. For instance, successive innovations have seen the dawn of bone-marrow transplant measures. On the other hand, individual insurance is much expensive in terms of premiums, thus it is a disadvantage to the employee. Furthermore, it takes the individual a lot of time to remit the monthly premiums. The cost of administration of the premium is also high resulting in high premium. In addition, individual insurance premiums are taxed on a regression tax policy. Those individuals with high income are subjected to high marginal tax rates because of the expensive policies they hold. Therefore, considering these drawbacks, an employer within or outside the U.S. concerned about the needs of his/her workers will definitely offer the employer-sponsored healthcare insurance to his/her employees.
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Thus, both primary and secondary sources present a high value for the field, as they encompass theological and empirical aspects of the research. In terms of the present research, primary and secondary sources will be compared and contrasted in terms of structure and content. The sources are concerned about using technology in the context of recording the actuation of the living cells. To begin with, it is necessary to dwell on the structure of both papers. The primary source presents the results of the empirical research aimed at examining the use of technological devices in measuring electrical signals in plants. The paper starts with an introduction that comprehensively addresses the relevance of the research and the authors’ motivation behind the studies. The introduction also encompasses the description of the researchers’ procedure, addressing the aim of examination and stimulation of the electrical signals in plants (Meder et al., 2021). The second part of the research is dedicated to the discussion of the results. This part of the research includes an explicit description of the electrons engaged in the process of leaf transfer and plant structure. Later, the researchers dwell on the specifics of the electronic signal stimulation in D. muscipula or Venus flytrap. The other parts of the result discussion consider the long-term effect of analysis and mechanical stimulation of signals. The conclusion part addresses the description of the procedure and result. The study also comprises the methods of the experimental section. Secondary source, on the contrary, does not concern any empirical research, so the experimental part is naturally excluded from the structure. The study’s introduction concerns the description of the current state of affairs in the field of actuation of living cells in animal organisms (Ricotti et al., 2017). This part also addresses the research question, presenting the purpose of qualitative analysis through the examination of currently available studies in the field. Later, the research is dedicated to the analysis of the sample, which was divided into such categories as application-oriented biohybrid actuation, general-purpose actuators, and actuator performance (Ricotti et al., 2017). The conclusion of the study addresses the tasks for the future of the field of biohybrid actuators. Having considered the categories, the authors of the research addressed the potential opportunities and challenges of the research. Thus, having compared the structure of the sources, it may be concluded that the structure of the primary source is to inform the results of an empirical study, whereas the secondary source encompasses an in-depth analysis of qualitative data. When comparing the two articles, it should be emphasized that while operating the field of mechanic cell stimulation, the studies analyze two different fields of actuator application. Hence, it would be reasonable to assume that the primary recipients of the studies also differ in the context of their expertise. Moreover, it is imperative to understand the goals of both sources. The secondary article draws the recipients’ attention to the existing data in the field with the purpose of the juxtapositioning these studies. When juxtaposed, these studies present a general picture of tendencies in the field of electronic stimulation research. Undeniably, this source serves as an asset for the researchers, as it may be perceived as a foundation for practical implications and further development. Still, however, this study discusses the theoretical ways in which science may evolve in order to implement the notion of technology in the sphere. On the contrary, the primary source provides evidence concerning the actual achievements in the field. Thus, after obtaining the results of the study, the data may be used either as a framework for similar studies or as a constituent of theoretical groundwork in the field. Such implications of the study demonstrate the data relevant for researchers in the field who have profound knowledge in the sphere of electronic signals. Indeed, in order to decode the results of the study, one is to have background knowledge both in the field of biohybrid technology and biology. While the secondary source is also professionally oriented, a person with no expertise in the field may be able to identify general outcomes of the study that secure a promising future for biohybrid actuation in cell stimulation. For this, reason it may be implied that empirical studies such as the primary source are used by researchers as a medium for creating a comprehensive theoretical study. Having compared the structure and content of the aforementioned sources, it may be concluded that they both had an intention of analyzing the specifics of using technology for recording and stimulating electronic signals in living cells. However, the primary source is purely empirical and is aimed at demonstrating the findings of the research. The secondary source, in its turn, addresses theoretical approaches to the study and aims at outlining the implications for further studies in the field. Moreover, the latter is oriented toward a broader audience, whereas the primary source contains more professional lexis and is aimed at researchers with expertise. References Meder, F., Saar, S., Taccola, S., Filippeschi, C., Mattoli, V., & Mazzolai, B. (2021). Ultraconformable, self‐adhering surface electrodes for measuring electrical signals in plants. Advanced Materials Technologies . Web. Ricotti, L., Trimmer, B., Feinberg, A. W., Raman, R., Parker, K. K., Bashir, R., Sitti, M., Martel, S., Dario, P., & Menciassi, A. (2017). Biohybrid actuators for robotics: A review of devices actuated by living cells. Science Robotics , 2 (12). Web.
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The National Steering Committee Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. The National Steering Committee recommendations 3. Action Principles 4. Leaders Action 5. Conclusion 6. References Introduction The National Steering Committee is a committee that deals with the issues concerning health care. The committee gives guidelines and recommendations to be adopted by all the healthcare providers to facilitate their processes in the field. The body also ensures that patients, in all communities have adequate access to health care services at all times. The National Steering Committee recommendations The National Steering Committee in 2006 gave seven recommendations that can be adopted by hospitals in order to improve public health and recreate the public health infrastructure. These were or them to eliminate disparities, coordinate care, promote primary prevention, optimize access to care for all, advocate payment for prevention, build the community’s capacity to stay healthy, and finally to support recreating the public health infrastructure and expanding capacity (Schwartz, & Tumblin, 2002). There is however a gap between what the committee recommends and the reality of the current state. On the coordination of care, the ideal state should be where the health care system faultlessly offers all forms of health and social services to patients who have complicated conditions. These include a patient-based approach in the care plan in which every patient gets well-coordinated care despite the patients’ point of entry into the system. The system should be having a structure that will connect the hospitals, doctors, nursing homes, and other caregivers for purposes of sharing information on clinical, financial, and administrative issues. The current system is however divided into self-reliant care provider sectors rendering it challenged in addressing the chronic conditions of the patients (The Health Research and Educational Trust, 2006). On the recommendation of Optimizing access to care for all, the committee gives an example of the United States where every person has access to health care of their highest potential. They all have access to the care they require in terms of prevention, acute, and rehabilitation services. But in the current state, there is no access to care for families, members of society, and the community at large. There are barriers to proper health care which include the availability and the location of the health facility, lack of transport, and lack of community awareness on the available facilities. On the recommendation to build the community’s capacity to stay healthy, the committee gives an example of America where the country has got the potential of producing good health care services for its nationals hence ensuring that all stay healthy (Anderson, 2006). y. This they achieve by establishing the root determinants of good health such as good housing and availability of fresh foods. However, the current state is that social circumstances and environmental factors affect the health of an individual. These factors are not addressed and therefore the state of health of an individual is threatened (The Health Research and Educational Trust, 2006). Action Principles There are various action principles related to these recommendations. On the coordination of care, the delivery system should be easy to navigate and user-friendly. The other principle is that the right care is delivered at the right time and in the most efficient way. The action principles for optimizing access to care for all are that health and health care are a basic human right and that health care utilization is a function of affordable health insurance and the availability of accessible services (Mindtools, 2009). On building a community’s capacity to stay healthy, the active principles that follow are that non-profitable hospitals are accountable to the community they offer services to. These will ensure that the public receives good health care. The other principle is improving health and quality of life goes far beyond health care. Measurement and evaluation are essential elements of gauging community health and attending to its needs. Leaders Action To achieve coordination of health care, hospital leaders should give proper guidance to patients on ways in which they can reach the required resources, and also use the health records of the community members to support continuity of caregiving. To e able to optimize access to care for all, hospital leaders should obtain information from the members of the community on the barriers to receiving care, identify those with high presence of health-related risk factors, and for those who are not insured, they can partner with the country, medical groups and some hospitals on ways to help them (Dixon, & Bilbrey, 2009). To be able to build the community’s capacity to stay healthy, the hospital leaders should help establish a vision and an approach to dealing with the issues of community improvement and educate the members of the community to have a strong voice in policy changes that are required in the improvement of health. Conclusion Health care provision is a very sensitive area that needs to have streamlined procedures for effective provision of the services to the patients. By following the recommendations by the National Steering Committee, 2006, the health care sector will be effective and meet all the health needs of all individuals. References Anderson, J. (2006). Regional Patient Safety Initiatives: The Missing Element of Organizational Change . AMIA Annual Symposia Proceedings, 1163:1164. Web. Dixon, D. & Bilbrey, P. (n.d.) Developing Leaders Daily. Baptist Leadership Institute . Web. Institute of Medicine (U.S.) (2003). The future of the public’s health in the 21st century . New York: National Academies Press. Mindtools (n.d.) Leadership styles – Using the right one for your situation . Web. Schwartz, R. & Tumblin, T. (2002). The power of servant leadership to transform health care organizations . Archives of Surgery, 137. The Health Research and Educational Trust (2006). Report of the National Steering Committee on Hospitals and the Public’s Health . Web.
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Duration of Peace and Recurring Civil Wars in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Literature Review 3. Methodology 4. Results 5. References Introduction This review focuses on patterns of civil wars and the duration of peace in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. The researchers observed that wars in Southeast Asia were “intractable in the face of negotiated settlements and that longer wars increased the duration of peace” (Derouen, Bercovitch, and Wei, 2009). Still, the duration of peace increased with subsequent wars. However, the effects of wars were indistinct unless the research focused on every repeated event. These authors trace civil wars in Southeast Asia and the Pacific region since 1945. The article shows that there is no noticeable increase in wars. However, wars tend to last longer with repeated patterns. The authors note that some civil wars exhibit prolonged patterns, dysfunctional and repeated violent tendencies. These authors focus on factors affecting peaceful outcomes in civil wars and factors, which explain the duration of peace after civil wars. The article looks at two tendencies in civil wars. First, there are interactive processes between the warring groups. Second, coercive behaviors maintain rivalry between the groups. There are also periods of heightened violence and cessations. Literature Review The article shows that civil wars may end through cessations, military victories, negotiations, or through some changes in the system. However, most of these wars usually recur based on how they end. This is because ways in which civil wars end “influence the quality and duration of the subsequent period of peace” (Derouen, Bercovitch and Wei, 2009). The authors review various studies and theories in civil wars to develop a conceptual framework for the study. They developed four hypotheses based on different views from the reviewed literature. They noted that military victories resulted in long-lasting peace and stability than other forms of victories. This observation came from studies of Luttwak (1999), Licklider (1995), Mason, Gurses, and Brandt (2005), Werner (1999), Walter (2002) and Fearon (2004). Walter emphasizes the role of a third party in establishing credibility in negotiations. They also note that the defeat of a military signifies the end of a war. On patterns of wars and duration of peace, they looked at the work of Box-Steffensmeier and Zorn (2002). These authors argue that political events have tendencies to recur. The study then applied Cox and Weibull duration models to understand patterns and duration of wars. They also applied the ‘positive’ learning model. This model posits that repeated negotiations result in better understandings between parties. This is because negotiations provide better opportunities for peace than war. These authors also based the study on Fearon (2004) to develop a model for types of civil wars and the duration of peace. The work of Cunningham, Gleditsch, and Salehyan (2005) showed that available data only focused on low-level wars. Methodology The study model focused on the duration of peace after civil wars, repeated events, outcomes, and types and costs of wars. The researchers studied patterns and duration of civil wars using the above approaches and other studies. The methodology focused on three areas. These included types of wars or parties to wars, forms of conflict termination and repeated patterns in wars and peace duration. Results The researchers presented their results in tables to confirm or deny their hypotheses. The results are consistent with other studies. The article concludes that reactions to recurring patterns of war and methods of termination influence subsequent wars and the duration of peace. Long periods of peace result from repeated acts of violence or aggressive behaviors. This situation provides opportunities for mediation. The challenge is that negotiated solutions create fragile conditions. This calls for a mediator to mediate or to guarantee the security of the deal. In some cases, a party may not want a mediator in the process. References Box-Steffensmeier, J. and Zorn, C. (2002). Duration Models for Repeated Events. Journal of Politics, 64, 1069–94. Cunningham, D., Gleditsch, K. and Salehyan, I. (2005). Dyadic Interactions and Civil War Duration. Honolulu, Hawaii: International Studies Association. Derouen, K., Bercovitch, J. and Wei, J. (2009). Duration of Peace and Recurring Civil Wars in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. Civil Wars, 11 (2), 103–120. Fearon, J. (2004). Why do Some Civil Wars Last So Much Longer than Others? Journal of Peace Research, 41 , 275–301. Licklider, R. (1995). The Consequences of Negotiated Settlements in Civil Wars, 1945– 1993. American Political Science Review, 89 , 681–90. Luttwak, E. (1999). Give War a Chance. Foreign Affairs, 78 , 36–44. Mason, D., Gurses, M. and Brandt, P. (2005). Durable Peace after Civil Wars? Civil War, Outcomes and the Duration of Peace. Washington, DC: APSA. Walter, B. (2002). Committing to Peace: The Successful Settlement of Civil Wars. Princeton, NJ: Princeton.
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Salesforce, Google and Microsoft Report Introduction Cloud computing may be regarded as a system made up of interconnected computers delivered as a single or unified computing resource. Normally, the delivery of services is in line with an agreement established between a service provider and a client. While some providers of cloud computing services are mainly concerned with storage services, others have different offerings besides simple data storage. Google Drive, for example, permits simultaneous access to Google Apps using word processors, spreadsheets, or presentation software. SkyDrive offers services similar to Google Drive. This paper briefly compares cloud computing and cloud storage and goes on to discuss cloud computing services offered by Salesforce, Google, and Microsoft. Cloud Computing vs Cloud Storage The most obvious difference between cloud computing and cloud storage has to do with the fact that cloud storage only supports data storage on the cloud. On the other hand, cloud computing allows clients to use different applications besides offering storage services. Salesforce With its customer relationship management product, Salesforce is viewed as a market leader under the SaaS category of cloud computing services. One of the customer relationship management products delivered by Salesforce is the sales cloud which is mainly concerned with the sell of products and services to clients. Another common customer relationship management product is the data cloud. Unlike the sales cloud, the data cloud is concerned with the provision of data-related services to customers. Under the PaaS category of cloud computing services, the company offers its customers with a development platform commonly referred to as force.com which is made up of a working engine, a database, and design tools for creating a user interface. Google Google offers a number of cloud-based services to its customers. Presently, the company does not offer any IaaS cloud computing services. The services provided by the company under the SaaS class include email services, Google docs, Google calendar, Google groups, and Picasa. Under the PaaS category, Google presents its clients with the Google App Engine, a development platform hosted by Google cloud. According to Chee and Franklin (2010), Google App Engine allows users to comfortably run web-based applications on the infrastructure provided by the Google Company. By and large, Google App Engine applications are easy to develop, manage, and upgrade. Microsoft Like its competitors, Microsoft offers a number of cloud computing services. Under the SaaS category, for example, customers are able to access email programs such as Windows Live Hotmail which was initially known as Hotmail. Other SaaS products provided by Microsoft include Microsoft Exchange Online, Microsoft Office Communications Online, Microsoft SharePoint Online, and Microsoft Live Meeting. Under the PaaS category, Microsoft provides Microsoft Azure. Microsoft Azure presents users with a platform that can be used for development work. According to Chee and Franklin (2010), Microsoft’s Azure is considered to be part of a multifaceted cloud computing solution that is rapidly gaining popularity in the cloud computing market. Microsoft Azure is made up of three key parts, namely, Windows Azure, SQL Azure, and.Net services. While Windows Azure provides a scalable environment with capabilities such as storage and hosting, SQL Azure is a relational database for the cloud. Also available among Microsoft’s cloud computing services is App Fabric which provides network services for the cloud. Microsoft’s NaaS services are designed to enable clients to access on-demand network services. NaaS services provided Microsoft comprise of virtual private networks (VPN) and mobile virtual network operator (MVNO). Reference Chee, B. & Franklin, C. (2010). Cloud Computing: Technologies and Strategies of the Ubiquitous Data Center . Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
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Impact of Telecommunications on the Arab Society Essay The paper under consideration dwells upon the role telecommunications has played in the development of the Arab world. It is argued that telecommunications has played significant role in the development of many Arab countries. These changes can be found in different planes: economic, social, political, educational, etc. Thus, it is mentioned that telecommunication services in the Arab world are put into the private sector, which has made these services more accessible. This has led to certain changes in private life of people. Now increasing number of people prefer using telecommunications to do the shopping (e.g. use their phones to order goods) instead of going to malls or markets. Apart from shopping habits, telecommunications also have influenced people’s attitude towards other cultures. Thus, now more and more people learn foreign languages (English and Chinese) to be a part of global communication. However, the change is not one-sided. Now Arabic is the seventh top language used in the Internet. More so, it is noted that the development of telecommunications has led to the spread of Shi’i Islam faith to other countries (predominantly Central Asia). As far as social changes are concerned, telecommunications have influenced the way various issues have been discussed. Thus, such important issues as violence, democracy, civil rights and inequity have gained quite considerable attention. Notably, telecommunications played really important role during the Arab Spring. Revolutions, rebellions, upheavals and protests in such countries as Egypt, Syria, Libya, Tunisia, Bahrain, Yemen, Algeria, Oman, Jordan, Iraq, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Sudan and some others were ‘nourished’ by telecommunications as people were able to discuss various issues and share ideas. Admittedly, telecommunications enabled many people to enter the discourse. Eventually, this led to rise of awareness, and, as a result, to various protests and even revolutions. Therefore, the impact of telecommunications has been significant. At that, it is also pointed out that access to telecommunication services is still low in Arab countries. It is important to note that the present research is very important as it provides insights into the correlation between technology (telecommunications, to be more precise) and the development of the society. The Arab world has been experiencing a lot of changes throughout decades. Many of these changes are due to the development of telecommunications in the region. The changes are manifested on different levels: political, social, economic, etc. The paper reveals the correlation between the spread of telecommunication services and changes which are taking place in the region. Nonetheless, it is possible to note that further research will provide more insights into the development of Arab societies. For instance, the paper does not highlight changes in such important sphere as the sphere of education. Besides, it is mentioned that the position of women in the society (and associated issues like violence, inequity, etc.) has gained a lot of attention due to telecommunication services. Nonetheless, it is still unclear whether this attention has resulted in any changes. It is also unclear whether the interest to the problem is increasing. Finally, it is noted that governments and other authorities try to control (at least, to certain extent) information interchange via the Internet. It is possible to try to trace the influence of such kind of control on the spread of telecommunications services and the development of the Arab societies, on the whole. Therefore, it is possible to state that the present research can be extended to look at the issue in more detail.
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Direct Causes The first direct cause of the accident was the inexperience of the crane operator and the injured worker. The crane operator was not qualified to handle the hoisting apparatus, and this made him ignore the critical safety procedures that are essential when moving heavy equipment. For instance, the crane operator acknowledged that he had injured his colleague, although he insisted that the other worker should not have been in the area. A qualified and experienced crane operator would have stopped the hoisting process and warned the worker to move out of the dangerous zone. The injured worker was also inexperienced in working in such dangerous areas because he demonstrated unawareness of the risks involved in working around hoisting cranes. The worker should have been more careful to work in the designated areas and watched out for moving equipment. The worker also had only two months of experience of working in such environments. The second direct cause of the accident was irresponsibility by the employees involved in the accident. The injured employee revealed his irresponsibility by failing to secure the steel sheets that were being hoisted by the crane. The employee was also working outside the designated area, and this exposed him directly to the injuries he sustained. In addition, the employee missed worked and refused to acknowledge this by signing the disciplinary notice. This shows the employees’ indifference to working in Laser Tech’s plant. Indirect Causes The primary indirect cause of the accident was unsafe working conditions. The company’s traveling crane had remained unmaintained for a long time, and this could have made the crane defective. The crane operator also pointed out that the warning alarm did not function, and this increased the risks of working near the crane. Finally, the company violated the OSHA regulations because it did not provide the injured worker with Laser Tech’s safety regulations. Response and Remedial Measures After an accident, the safety personnel must offer the injured workers first aid and immediately transfer them to the hospital. The occupational health and safety manager must then record the work-related accidents to prevent the recurrence of similar accidents in the future. The manager must indicate the cause of the accident, injuries sustained, and treatment offered. According to the OSHA inspection priorities, the safety manager should also inspect looming dangers and any safety complaints raised by the employees. The managers should randomly inspect and re-inspect all activities within the factory. The first remedial measure to implement after the accident is repairing all the alarm systems in Laser Tech Inc.’s factory or installing new ones. The second measure is conducting the evaluation and maintenance of all the equipment in the factory. The third remedial measure is to ensure that all employees are qualified for their jobs. The fourth remedial measure is to ensure that all employees have the company’s safety regulations. Finally, the company should mark the danger-prone zones in the factory and punish the employees who ignore the safety regulations. Recommendations To prevent more accidents within the next three months, Laser Tech Inc. should implement the following recommendations. 1. Conducting frequent and regular maintenance activities to ensure that all equipment functions properly. 2. The company should train all its employees on health and safety practices at work. 3. Laser Tech Inc. should conduct regular risk assessments in its factory. 4. The company should re-evaluate the qualifications of its employees within the factory and offer refresher courses on a regular basis. 5. The company should train its employees on the appropriate procedures to follow during emergencies.
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Franchising Advantages and Disadvantages Report (Assessment) Introduction Entering into a franchise agreement is one of the most common ways of becoming a business owner. Franchising entails establishing or operating a business under an authorization to sell or distribute a company’s goods or services in a particular area (Seid & Thomas, 2007). It involves writing a contract between a franchisor and franchisee, which defines the business relationship they will have for an agreed period. The agreement signed by both parties stipulates the limitations, rights, duties, and responsibilities of each party. This helps to ensure that the business agreement comes to fruition by ensuring the satisfaction of everyone involved (Seid & Thomas, 2007). Consumers benefit the most from franchising because they get a chance to have increased access to quality goods and services from reliable entities. Advantages and disadvantages of entering into a franchise agreement Buying a franchise has both advantages and disadvantages. Studies have established that franchising is a better option for becoming a business owner compared to starting one. First, a franchise owner enjoys the independence of operating under a big and reliable business network (Sherman, 2011). The biggest motivation for people who buy a franchise is the ability to be their own boss, the pride of owning a business, and the convenience that comes with dealing with a brand that people are already familiar with. Second, buying a franchise allows a business owner to have a quick start characterized by higher sales, huge profits, and better equity because a lack of experience does not affect performance very much (Sherman, 2011). People who buy a franchise are often trained by their mother’s business on how to operate a business using their model, thus increasing the chances of having a strong start. Other benefits provided by the franchisor to a franchisee include advertising, management support, selecting a site, financing, as well as designing and constructing the business (Seid & Thomas, 2007). Third, buying a franchise is advantageous because it has low risks for business owners. Studies have established that franchises have a very high success rate compared to businesses that start from scratch (Sherman, 2011). The success rate is a result of the help that a franchiser extends to a franchisee. The success strategies and models applied by a mother business are often duplicated with a franchise, thus increasing the chances of succeeding. Experts argue that buying a franchise involves acquiring a successful business that already has a good image, reputation, and a sizeable market share (Seid & Thomas, 2007). Despite all the positives, experts also argue that franchising has a number of disadvantages, especially for the buyer. The disadvantages of franchising revolve around the concept of independence. First, franchising denies a business owner the ability to have full control over their entity and its crucial processes, such as decision-making (Seid & Thomas, 2007). Franchises have to follow the business model used by their franchisor, thus limiting the ability of a business owner to be creative. A franchise cannot introduce a new product or service that is not provided by their franchisor (Sherman, 2011). Similarly, they have to work with the same suppliers for the sake of quality management and brand development. Second, if a franchise can suffer the effects of failure by another franchise connected to its franchisor, finally, a franchise can risk losing their business at the end of an agreement because a franchisor does not need to renew if they do not want (Sherman, 2011). Conclusion Franchising can be a good option to own a business, especially for first-timers. Franchise owners should know that the success of a franchisor does not automatically make their business success because they will have to manage their entities well. Before signing a franchise agreement, prospective business owners should ensure that they are comfortable with the performance, reputation, and overall operational setup of the franchisor. References Seid, M, & Thomas, D 2007, Franchising for Dummies , John Wiley & Sons, New York. Web. Sherman, A 2011, Franchising & Licensing: Two Powerful Ways to Grow Your Business in Any Economy , Cambridge University Press, New Jersey. Web.
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Mental Health as the Juvenile Justice System Challenge Essay The issue of mental health within the context of juvenile justice has been subjected to heated debates as the society started placing more expectations on the system to address the needs of young offenders who experience mental health problems. According to Shufelt and Cocozza (2006) as well as Gilbert, Grande, Hallman, and Underwood (2014), sixty-five to eighty percent of young people that come in contact with the juvenile justice system have at least one diagnosable mental health care need. This presents a significant challenge to law enforcement, the healthcare system, as well as correctional facilities in which young offenders are detained. Thus, it is important to study the problem of the mental health of young people that came into contact with the juvenile justice system. The research question for the study is “What is the role of the juvenile justice system in dealing with young offenders diagnosed with mental illness?” To conduct the study, a questionnaire will be used to collect qualitative data about the issue of mental health in juvenile justice. Content analysis will help for a better understanding of how the society sees the issue of mental health within the context of the juvenile justice system as well as the role people assign to the system to improve the mental health outcomes of young offenders and facilitate their smooth integration into the society after the release. Questionnaire 1. In your opinion, is there a connection between a young person’s mental health and the likelihood of him or her resorting to criminal activities? Why or why not? 2. Do you agree with the statement that the juvenile justice system should take into account mental health implications when dealing with juvenile offenders? 3. How would you assess the level of the juvenile justice system’s efforts to improve the mental health of juvenile offenders within the context of rehabilitation? 4. Does the juvenile criminal justice system bear the responsibility of enhancing the mental health of young offenders? Why or why not? 5. In your opinion, what are the most effective rehabilitation or treatment models for facilitating improved mental health outcomes among juvenile offenders? (Choose at least two from the list below): + Cognitive-behavioral interventions (Boyes, 2012) + Functional family therapy + Family integrative transition + Multisystemic therapy + Teams for crisis interventions 6. Do you agree with the statement that mental health problems occurring in juvenile offenders can be effectively treated or managed within the context of rehabilitation? 7. Should young offenders diagnose with serious mental health issues be separated from others in a correctional facility? Do you think that such separation will harm or benefit their rehabilitation?What approach to addressing the issue of mental health in juvenile justice appeals to you the most: addressing mental health as a broad issue or focusing on individual traits of offenders for a personalized approach? 8. Are there any alternatives to incarceration for young offenders with mental health issues? Should the juvenile criminal justice system review these alternatives and start implementing them into practice more regularly? 9. In your opinion, how the juvenile justice system could improve to account for the needs of young offenders who experience mental health issues? (Choose at least three solutions from the list below) + o Redefine the role of juvenile justice in dealing with mental health + o Engage in the development of child protection services + o Invite parents to participate in the process of rehabilitation + o Place emphasis on young offenders’ rehabilitation instead of punishment + o Collaborate with healthcare providers to improve mental health outcomes for young offenders + o Collaborate with community organizations to facilitate a smooth integration in the society of juvenile offenders leaving correctional facilities. According to the research conducted by Underwood and Washington (2016), there has been an increase in reliance on the justice system to address the mental health concerns of young offenders. Therefore, the responses to the designed questionnaire are likely to indicate expectations that the juvenile justice system should take the issue of mental health seriously. As mentioned by the Resource Center Partnership (2013), there is a need for the juvenile justice system to support the improvement of young people’s mental health by collaborating with communities, so it is expected that questionnaire respondents will agree that the system is not doing much at this point and that there is some room for improvement. Because youth with mental problems is more likely to commit criminal offenses and re-offenses, respondents of the questionnaires will agree with the statement the juvenile justice system should take into account the implications of youth imprisonment and facilitate their smooth integration into society as they are released. It is also important to reconsider the juvenile justice system processes by shifting the focus from punishment to rehabilitation and support because long-term confinement experiences tend to exasperate the issues of mental health and potentially contribute to recidivism (Stoddard-Dare, Mallett, & Boitel, 2011). References Boyes, A. (2012). Cognitive behavioral therapy techniques that work . Web. Gilbert, A., Grande, T., Hallman, J., & Underwood, L. (2014). Screening incarcerated juveniles using the MAYSI-2. J. Correct Health Care, 21 , 35-44. Resource Center Partnership. (2013). Problems and solutions in juvenile justice . Web. Shufelt, J., & Cocozza, J. (2006). Youth with mental health disorders in the juvenile justice system: Results from a multi-state prevalence study . Web. Stoddard-Dare, P., Mallett, C., & Boitel, C. (2011). Association between mental health disorders and juveniles’ detention for a personal crime. Child Adolesc Ment Health, 16 , 208-213. Underwood, L., & Washington, A. (2016). Mental illness and juvenile offenders. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13 (228).
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The Hope Poster by Shepard Fairey Essay For this project, I studied Shepard Fairey’s work and I drew my inspiration from the Hope poster he did in 2008. My work is similar to Fairey’s primarily because they both draw from the pre-1950’s propaganda style of design. This format was very spatial in the usage of color, and its outcome was also very artistic (Steven and Véronique, 2003). The image used in my poster has very little detailing and it’s this extended use of outlines that makes it attain that propaganda style that it had sought out to achieve at first glance. The kinds of fonts I used are also quite basic and even with slight twists added on the shape of the letters, they still retain the straight character associated with the pre-1950’s propaganda. I believe the poster I did could have made the fit in anti-drug abuse campaigns of the 1940s with ease, primarily because the artistic style belongs to the same period. I’s message is also aimed at influencing the attitude of the viewer towards drug abuse, in such a way that he/she feels driven to view it as a negative habit. The poster can also be adapted for broadcast usage with little addition of motion graphics. Looking at my work, in comparison with Fairey’s work, I can confidently say that with a little bit more practice, and with enough topics to work on, I can come up with posters that rival his as far as artistic and communicative strengths are concerned. Working through the project also made me understand what can and cannot be done to achieve the propaganda style. One lesson I picked was that earthy colors are more suited to the attainment of the effect. Reference List Steven, H. and Véronique V. (2003) Citizen Designer: Perspectives on Design Responsibility . USA: Allworth Communications Inc.
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Importance of Reading for Child’s Right Future Life Essay Reading aloud with children establishes a special connection between the child and the parent. Reading creates a unique atmosphere that can be associated by the child as something safe, something that can help them talk to their parent through stories from books. Keisha Siriboe claims that reading is a kind of bridge from the present to the future (“Why we all need to start reading aloud to our kids”, 10:55-11:00). Thus, it is necessary to actively instill in children the desire to read aloud with their parents. These videos are comparable to the information from the textbook about that every child needs the help and support of parents. It is imperative to engage in a child’s upbringing from childhood to strive to make their life happy. Anything that can cause a child moral trauma, make them unhappy, becomes a big problem in the future, which may require the intervention of a psychologist. The most important information from the video is that adults need to pay attention to themselves before raising children. Moreover, it is necessary to learn how to settle conflicts, and how to say to say “no” when it is necessary. It is essential to have a sense of harmony, integrity and eliminate the feeling of inferiority. In addition, it is not advisable to put pressure on the decisions made by children. It is necessary to allow them to be independent and learn by trial and error to realize positive and negative life situations. The significance of this research is that reading is one of the most important subjects that contribute to mental development. It is necessary to teach children to read from childhood so that their brain thrives. It is essential to start with reading aloud and then move on to independent reading. Reading affects not only mental development but also affects people’s feelings and emotions. People get a considerable experience reading books, which later has an impact on their whole life. Emotional intelligence is an integral part of every person’s daily life. I need emotional intelligence in any situation involving me and some other person or people. For example, there are cases when the situation begins to take a negative turn and transforms into a conflict, In this circumstance, it is vital to minimize the situation in which the conflict will occur. Thanks to emotional intelligence, I can turn the problem in a direction that will exclude the possibility of a quarrel. Work Cited “ Why we all need to start reading aloud to our kids. ” YouTube, uploaded by TedX talks, 2018. Web.
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“Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream” by Felix Mendelssohn Essay The Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream is a seminal piece composed by Felix Mendelssohn in the 19 th century. The composition is representative of the Romantic era with all its features and characteristics. Mendelssohn was one of the prominent German composers of the time and demonstrated an incredible musical talent. He was born into a wealthy family of a banker, meaning that he had a fitting, comfortable environment for the development of his musical abilities ( Biography , n.d.). Consequently, Mendelssohn’s earlier works were significantly ahead of the average expectations even from a child prodigy. His childhood pieces were characterized by exceptional depth and complexity of the melody, as well as the use of advanced instrument techniques. Surprisingly, the Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream also dates back to Mendelssohn’s earlier pieces. He wrote at a relatively young age of seventeen, inspired by William Shakespeare’s comedy. Interestingly, this piece is not designed as an overture to an opera but to a collection of incidental music. This term refers to a format in which the composition itself is not designed to be in the center of the audience’s attention. Instead, its purpose is to accompany a dramatic performance (Alsop). As implied by the title of Mendelssohn’s piece, it is related to the famous comedy written by William Shakespeare. Accordingly, the Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream can be placed in the category of program music, which refers to pieces, which carry a certain shade of extramusical meaning. In this regard, Mendelssohn’s overture is intended to reflect the theme and narration of Shakespeare’s comedy. The beginning of a performance is a phase of paramount importance, as it sets the mood and the flow of the subsequent numbers. The Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream successfully accomplishes this objective through the careful arrangement. The exposition opens with four powerful chords in the key of E major, which leave a lasting impression and ensure the flow of the piece. The strings suddenly shift toward E minor, marking the character’s transition to a different world of fairies (Alsop). The latter are represented by gentle woodwind fanfares, creating vivid images of fantasy throughout the second subject group and the Development. Whenever fairies are present, they dominate the musical landscape through the selection of instruments. They return once more for the closing appearance in the Coda, only to disappear like a gentle dream. Interestingly, Mendelssohn originally devised the structure of this composition to incorporate the use of the ophicleide, an archaic keyed brass instrument. However, in the modern performances of the Overture , it is usually replaced by the tuba. Strings also play a pivotal role in this piece, as their braying sound is used to represent Bottom’s transformation into a donkey. Overall, the Overture to a Midsummer Night’s Dream has become one of the most prominent pieces of incidental music. Felix Mendelssohn has managed to capture the very essence of Shakespeare’s comedy in a musical form, accurately translating it into a combination of memorable chords. The transition from reality to a distant dream is clearly marked by key changes. Furthermore, Mendelssohn artfully plays with the tempo of the piece, reflecting the key events of the original comedy. While his piece becomes a perfect accompaniment for the staged performance, it can effectively exist as a standalone rendition of Midsummer Night’s Dream in the musical form. References Alsop, Marin. “Marin Alsop’s Guide to Mendelssohn’s A Midsummer Night’s Dream.” NPR , 2014. Web. “Biography”. Mendelssohn House Leipzig & Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy Foundation. n.d. Web.
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Taco Bell Company Digital Campaign “Breakfast Defectors” Essay If a fast-food company wants to succeed, its managers have to consider many things and prove that their services are the best among the others or, at least, the most exclusive and interesting. One of the steps to be taken to promote the company’s services is the creation of a successful digital campaign that can turn business objectives into audience actions. Taco Bell is the chosen chain of the fast-food restaurants that has recently demonstrated one of the most unusual and unexpected campaign, “Breakfast Defectors”, regarding a governmental propaganda as one of the most effective means to explain the worthiness of its production. The objectives of the digital campaign were as follows: to show that people of nowadays should not be tied by the routines and standards, to demonstrate that Taco Bell had something new to introduce to people of both genders, and to explain that people were always free to make their own independent choices in case they wanted to do it. To succeed in the campaign, its creators addressed several elements that helped to send the main message and explain what was expected from the company. First, the campaign showed its main audience, ordinary people, males and females of different age, who had to live their lives under the same conditions day by day. Though nowadays many young people would like to admit that they do not follow the standards and are ready to break the rules and meet their own demands, not all of them are able to do it. Taco Bell is here to encourage such people to be confident in personal decisions and intentions. Another important element was the choice of the light (grey for the routines and bright for the life with a new choice) and style (a propaganda against the existing government) and its evident connection to one of the most popular franchises, “The Hunger Games”. Finally, the social aspect was properly incorporated into the campaign. A man and a woman were the main characters, who were ready to take the first step and help other people to comprehend their actual rights and opportunities. In spite of some personal fears and doubts, a couple made a decision and followed their own dreams to change something in their lives and begin with a usual breakfast. The success of “Breakfast Defectors” may be explained in several ways: the attention to light, sound, and setting that usually attract people, the involvement of many people that proves how global and influential the fast-food industry can be, and the idea of hope that encourages people and gives them enough powers to overcome the challenges. Some people may think that propaganda promotion and the idea of chaos created could cause some troubles and misunderstandings. Still, it is wrong to deny that modern people have already deviated from a number of rules and norms and do not want to stop. In my opinion, the chosen digital campaign proves that Taco Bell has a lot to tell in regards to the existing competitions within the fast-food industry, use its best ideas to take the leading positions, and provide people with a variety of choices in food. According to Taco Bell, it is not enough to give people some food and demonstrate its high quality. It is more important to give people hope and explain how to use it, improve their lives, and become happier. This is what “Breakfast Defectors” talks about, and there is nothing left to add. The campaign is a perfect example of how the fast-food industry may be presented and recognised.
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Djoser and Imhotep Art History Essay Netjerikhet Djoser, also known as Zoser, was probably the famous King who ruled Egypt in the third Dynasty for 19 years. His name means “the divine body” and he is remembered for commissioning the construction of step pyramid which was architectural work of Imhotep. Historical facts have revealed that the relation between Dsojer and Imhopet was cordial. Imhotep was a highly respected Egyptian polymath, architect and a doctor who lived in Egypt between 2650 and 2600BC. He constructed the first Pyramid in Egypt which was commissioned by King Djoser. Inscription in some statues describes Imhopet as “Chancellor of the king in lower Egypt”. Early history sources reveal that he may have been born in the Memphis while others suggest that he may have originated from Thebes and served under King Djoser who reigned between 2630 to 2611BC. Historians still value his accomplishments which include the construction of Egypt’s first Pyramid that was a Djoser’s step pyramid in Saqqara. His role in writing was mainly in medical texts. He is believed to have authored descriptions of over 90 anatomical terms and 50 injuries. He also founded a medical school in Memphis. Evaluation realism in the Egyptian Arts Egyptian rules of art, sculpture, paintings, and relief carving were so diverse that did not depict the realities in life. Most paintings were religious and depicted numerous gods and goddesses. Because Egyptians observe law and order, complex rules for how Gods and humans were represented in paintings, carvings and sculpture were developed. Figures in paintings and size of sculpture were calculated by the status of a person as opposed to normal rules of linear perspective which brings out a real image. For example, men statues were painted in darker color than the female ones. Symbolism was a feature that was greatly used in paintings. Some colours had more than one meaning. For example, red symbolized power or strength as well as fire. Green was a symbol of new life, fertility and growth. Yellow was associated with kings and royals. The same yellow color symbolized purity and eternity (Stokstad 138). Paintings in tombs are good examples of the Egyptian art that has no realism. The pictures depicted life after death. They would show pictures of boats, and birds transporting food to the deceased. As paintings and sculptures did not depict realism, relief carving had some elements of it. Some surviving relief sculptures found in the tomb of Hesire at Saqqara have figures of men standing, or seated, that are carved proportionally to the convention of ideal manhood. These carvings had definite sizes in three dimensions. Figures represented by relief carvings in a room had proper place with a defined shape and size which ensured that space is well used being an indication that these forms of art depicted realism. Falcon and the Egyptian art Falcon represents Horus, the true Pharaoh, and the Sun God. He was a symbol of rising sun in Egypt. The ancient Egypt regarded the Sun and the Moon as great falcon Horus’ eyes. Falcon Horus was a deity with various functions. He could fly and protect kings, had powers to guard and protect (Stokstad, 34). Other forms in which the Egyptian arts were represented were falcon headed Ra with sun disk along with Falcon mummy with gilt coffin. Works Cited Stokstad, Marilyn. Art history . 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2008. Print.
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Line, Functional, Location, Group Plant Layouts Essay Table of Contents 1. Line layout 2. Functional layout 3. Location layout 4. Group layout 5. References The four types of plant layouts are line layout, functional layout, location layout and group layout. Line layout This layout is also called product layout and requires equipments to be positioned in one line in the sequence of activities needed for the products. Raw materials are fed into the first machine and moved to the next workstation in a linear motion without deviating from the sequence until the finished goods are obtained in the last machine. This type of layout is fast and cost effective as there is no interruption or congestion (Gupta & Khanka, 2003). Functional layout This layout involves grouping equipments that perform related tasks in one area thus forming various departments. For example, drilling, milling, painting and heating can form different departments and thus the respective machines performing each task are grouped together. However, the departments must be close to each other and operate in sequence. It requires lower capital and all machines are fully utilized as one machine can be assigned several products. Even if one machine breaks, the rest continue performing their tasks (Benjaafar & Sheikhzadeh, 2000). Location layout This layout requires arrangement of the major products in one place and moving the labour and equipments to the location. The work centre is one and surrounded by all the facilities involved. The layout is best for large-scale entrepreneurs because it saves time and cost of transporting labour and goods from one work centre to another (Bhide, 2000). Group layout Group layout combines intermittent process, functional process and the representative process into one. The layout is best for plants that produce products in masses at once without continuity. Group layout is a combination of plant layouts where the industry develops parts and assembles them in one station (Gupta & Khanka, 2003). References Benjaafar, S. & Sheikhzadeh, M. (2000). Design of flexible plant layouts. IIE Transactions, 32(4), 309-322. Bhide, A. (2000). The origin and evolution of new business . New York: Oxford University Press. Gupta, C., & Khanka, S. (2003). Entrepreneurship and small business management . Delhi: Sultan Chand and Sons.
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Display Advertising Overview Research Paper Introduction Display advertising refers to a model of promoting products through platforms that are commonly used by potential customers. It includes the use of mass media like television, social media sites, and web pages to display content to market products (Harvard Business Review, 2017). Native advertising is a subset of display marketing that uses the customized content format to display products in a way that is different from the common use of banners (D’Angelo, 2009). This type of advertising has commonly been used by social media companies like Facebook whereby marketing content is displayed just as the rest of the content shared on the social site (Econsultancy, 2013). Google also uses advanced search engine optimization to direct web users to products that they are searching for. Ethical Concerns of Native Advertising Native adverts can be designed to mimic particular brands to promote a completely different product. This practice can be deceiving and confusing to the targeted audience and some of those viewing these ads can be tempted to follow the ads trusting the brand being imitated (Joel, 2013). Lack of transparency in marketing is an evil that seeks to trick unscrupulous social media subscribers into buying products they would otherwise have disregarded. Native marketing coupled with target displaying of ads can yield a positive impact for the investing brands (Marketo, 2017). This type of marketing was developed as a reaction to many clients who complained about the effectiveness of the ads they paid for (Advertising Age, 2016). An effective regulatory framework is required to ensure that there is transparency in the display of adverts. The information provided on these sites should be verifiable and displayed in a way that enhances viewers to distinguish adverts from the rest of the content. References Advertising Age. (2016). “Digital share of new ad dollars to reach 77% next year, groupM forecasts”. Web. D’Angelo, F. (2009). ‘Happy birthday, digital advertising!’ Web. Econsultancy. (2013). “What is paid search (PPC) and why do you need it?” Web. Harvard Business Review, (2017). ‘Do search ads really work?’ Web. Joel, M. (2013). ‘We need a better definition of native advertising.’ Harvard Business Review. Web. Marketo, (2017). ‘ Types of digital ads: PPC search, display, and social’ . Web.
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Security Threat of Failed States Essay The United States is considered to be one of the most highly developing states nowadays. As any developing country, the United States of America is characterized by certain traces of colonialism. This simple fact may become one of the most evident reasons for country’s collapse. In addition, failed states may create one of the most considerable threats to the USA. Lots of people may think that the United States should expect for some threat from strong states and be ready to fight and prove its power and international influence between the countries with strong positions. However, to my mind, failed states may bring much more harm to the United States than any other countries due to several reasons: failed states may serve as good weapon for other countries against the US; failed states are still considered to be the basis of terroristic attacks; and, finally, chaos, spread all over the world, may unite several failed states and direct them against the United States. Without any doubts, fast spread of weapons, human right violations, and even trade deficit turn out to be rather dangerous for any nation and the United States in particular. However, these are not the only problems US may face with nowadays. One of the urgent problems, which may even consist of all above-mentioned points, is failed states and their opposition. These failed states are all those countries with the government that does not have any control over its territories and does not want to accept the necessary responsibility in order to improve the conditions in the country. Developing states, such as US, may suffer from the necessity of industrialization, economic development, and urbanization, and deprivation of national unity that should help to hold their leading positions. Failed states may still become “sanctuaries for the opponents of international order.” (Caldwell and Williams 2005, 149) The opponents can easily use the feebleness of one country and direct it to the other country in order to destroy it or, at least, cause certain damage. It is not that easy to create a terroristic group within failed states and provide its members with the necessary ideas in order to attack US. The events of September 11 are one of the brightest examples of how failed countries may become a terrible threat for the United States in a short period of time. Without any reasons and notifications, the Towers were attacked, and many innocent people died in several minutes. It is one of the most burning reasons for the United States to think that any failed state may become a terrible threat one day. It is also necessary to admit that “when a state has failed or is in the process of failing, the effective educational and health systems are privatized, or the public facilities become increasingly decrepit and neglected.” (Rotberg 2003, 7) This is a good cause to use the citizens of the failed state, explain your own truth, and prove that the United States may be a threat for their future generation. People have nothing to do but to believe and start thinking about the ways of how to protect their children and provide them with happy future. This is why if the USA has a chance to intervene into the affairs of some failed states, American should use this chance, prove its good intention, and demonstrate its abilities to help the others. These simple reasons deserve a lot of attention. Failed states are rather weak, and this fact provides the other countries to control the affairs and direct all forces against the USA. “According to the 2002 National Security Strategy (NSS), failed states pose a direct threat to US national security.” (Colas and Saull 2006, 168) Taking into consideration this fact and the above-mentioned pointes, the United States should immediately intervene into the affairs of failed states before the opponent decides to take the same step in order to remain one of the most powerful states in this world. Reference List Caldwell, Dan, and Williams, Robert E. Seeking Security in an Insecure World. Rowman & Littlefield, 2005. Colas, Alejandro and Saull, Richard. The War on Terror and the American ‘Empire’ after the Cold War. Routledge, 2006. Rotberg, Robert, I. State Failure and State Weakness in a Time of Terror. Brookings Institution Press, 2003.
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The Speech “Message to the Grassroots” by Malcolm X Essay This speech was delivered on November 10, 1963, at a time when black people struggled fiercely against the racism of modern society to claim their basic human rights. In his speech, Malcolm constantly points out that no matter how liberated black people have become over the past decades, they are still nothing but “second-class citizens” and “ex-slaves” to white people. He repeatedly calls upon the audience to join a revolution to defeat the common enemy of white oppression. He also explains the difference between the “Black Revolution” (one that is violent and based on land) and the “Negro Revolution” (one that is nonviolent and based on overcoming differences peacefully), insisting that a real revolution can never avoid violence. He encourages his listeners to stick together and start a real revolution, without tolerance and without “turning the other cheek.” The audience’s response is admittedly enthusiastic: people are cheering, whistling, clapping, laughing, and booing, depending on Malcolm’s statements throughout the speech. If we look closely, we see that Malcolm is using certain oratorical devices to keep his audience listening and reacting. His speech is filled with examples, analogies, colorful historical remarks, and vivid imagery that grabs the listeners’ attention and keeps it in place, frequently invoking sounds of approval. He juxtaposes long, thoughtful sentences with shorter, straight-to-the-point ones, which breaks information down into sections and makes the whole message easier to comprehend. For example, his tale about house and field Negroes and slave masters generates massive waves of cheering. People can relate and agree; therefore, they encourage the speaker to continue. When Malcolm says that a revolution without violence is impossible, it makes people cheer and clap even more, sounding energized and resolved. Such words give them confidence and make them feel stronger at a given moment, prompting these powerful reactions. When Malcolm refers to black people as a big family and when he constantly repeats the word “common” in regards to the white man as the common enemy, he makes the audience experience a feeling of solidarity and of being a part of something bigger, stronger, more important, and more influential. Given the state of black people’s rights at the time, it was logical for someone to have come out with a speech like that. Unlike Martin Luther King Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech, “Message to the Grassroots” denies the possibility of equality without bloodshed. It offers a more radical, violent, and uncompromising approach, persuading people to turn their frustration into the engine of a new revolution. It was one of Malcolm’s last speeches as a Nation of Islam member. His strong personality shines through as a never-ending lightning bolt, striking the audience again and again. In my opinion, this speech has many significant moments. One that especially stood out for me was his monologue about white and black nationalism and the differences between them. Malcolm argues that white nationalists want land, while black nationalists want a nation. He creates a powerful image of two unequal groups of people, one trying to expand what they already have and the other struggling to obtain something simple, something everybody is supposed to be entitled to. Malcolm motivates his audience by telling them to stop being afraid to lose what they have never had in the first place. The “march on Washington” part is the crowning moment of the speech; it creates an unforgettable picture of a riot as a force of nature rather than an elaborate civil rights campaign.
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The author of the book is James Paul Gee, who is famous for his work on discourse analysis. The present paper is a report on the book, which will seek to provide a summary of the main ideas and a reflection. This book mainly deals with the subject of discourse analysis, which is a method used to analyze language. The author explains that there are many different approaches to discourse analysis and the use of a particular approach depends a lot on the purpose of the analysis (Gee 1). The framework proposed by the author is both detailed and broad, as it assists in analyzing the structure of language while also placing it in its social, cultural, and political contexts (Gee 1). Thus, the present book provides readers with a comprehensive set of techniques to be used in discourse analysis. The structure of the book reminds that of a textbook, with four separate units, an introduction, and a conclusion. Unit 1 relates language to cultural context and explains how the acquisition of language affects our understanding of it. In this section, the author provides three tools that are designed to make it easier for readers to analyze their native language: the Fill In Tool, the Making Strange Tool, and the Frame Problem Tool. In Unit 2, the author focuses on the analysis of grammatical structures, showing how they are used to create meaning. The two tools that are introduced in this chapter are the Doing and Not Just Saying Tool and the Why This Way and Not That Way Tool. Unit 3 serves to expand on the topic by examining how placing language in context allows building significance, activities, identities, relationships, politics, connections, and knowledge. This section offers eight different tools, each focusing on a single component of meaning. Lastly, Unit 4 considers six theoretical tools, each built on theories used in a particular academic field, such as sociolinguistics, cognitive psychology, psychological anthropology, and history. Gee states that using a combination of the proposed tools allows creating a truly multi-faceted analysis of language (156). The final section of the book is a conclusion, which summarizes the key ideas and explains some important considerations with regards to discourse analysis, such as its validity. As a whole, the book offers a practical framework for discourse analysis and will be beneficial for students and scholars alike. The author provides background information about each tool to explain its importance and application, but the focus of the work is on practice rather than on theory. Each unit is divided into a set of sections with examples and practice assignments, which enables readers to learn the author’s method quickly. I believe that the book contains a lot of valuable information that can be easily understood due to its layout. The ideas presented in the book can help to structure and enhance one’s approach to discourse analysis, thus contributing to the study of language. It is also important to note that the framework provided by the author is rather flexible and can be applied to discourse analysis in various disciplines. Work Cited Gee, James Paul. How to Do Discourse Analysis: A Toolkit. 2nd ed., Routledge, 2014.
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Certification Related to Electrical Engineering Report Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Required Point in the Career and Involved Institution 3. Requirements for the Licensure 4. Steps Required for the Licensure 5. Preparing and Streamline the Process 6. References Introduction Electrical engineers do not need a professional license or certification to start their careers. However, a professional electrical engineer license can be extremely useful in reaching heights in this area. This step will help to deepen specialized skills to a prominent level, ensure adherence to ethical standards and quality of work (“Electrical certification and certificate program options,” 2020). In addition, in the future, the license will be an advantage in earning the clients’ trust and the ability to take a superior level of responsibility for the employer (“What is a PE,” n.d.). Apart from it, for the specialist themselves, it will serve as a symbol of pride and a measure of the achievements won. As far as trends in the types of certification and licensure recommended for the career concerned, there are presently a wide variety of skill improvement areas. In particular, it is proposed to obtain certificates of energy efficiency management, electrostatic discharge control, system design, and others (“Electrical certification and certificate program options,” 2020). At the same time, if a hundred years ago, anyone could work as an electrical engineer without qualifications; currently, expectations are changing. Each state regulates engineering practices to ensure people’s safety, giving only professional engineers the right to seal and sign plans. Required Point in the Career and Involved Institution To obtain a professional electrical engineer license, typically, four years of practical experience in this field are required. In addition, it is preceded by receiving a bachelor’s degree, after which the student becomes an Engineer in Training (EIT) or an Engineer Intern (EI) (“What is a PE,” n.d., 2020). Further, the specialist must be supervised by proficient engineers for at least four years, considering an opportunity to work in the U.S. They, in turn, must also be licensed as professional engineers by passing the appropriate exam recommended by the National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES) (“What is a PE,” n.d., 2020). The institution which will be involved is the School of PE; it has relevant courses and seminars in various engineering areas, including electrical. Requirements for the Licensure Educational and labor requirements for the licensure include a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering and four years of work experience, as mentioned earlier. In addition, the demands on character comprise much perseverance and dedication since there is considerable work to be done, and many of the time required to receive a license. Apart from it, it is necessary to pass the Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) exam and directly the Professional Engineering (PE) exam. All of the above requests are obligated and cannot be waived. Steps Required for the Licensure After deciding what licensure of a professional electrical engineer is needed for a future career, the next step is to ensure that all of the above requirements are met. In particular, they comprise educational and labor experience, purposeful and tenacious character, and passing two exams. Preparations for the first exam, FE, involve a comprehensive study of an electrical engineering program, including classroom, field, and laboratory operating, digital system design, and others. Training for the second exam, PE, consists of practical, real-life work in the area of electrical engineering with proficient mentors and learning at the School of PE. Preparing and Streamline the Process In order to be already currently preparing and streamline the process, a responsible approach to a thorough understanding of all concepts of electrical engineering is necessary. It includes the study of electrical equipment, chips, circuit boards, processors, switching transmission, and control (“What is a PE,” n.d.). In addition, knowledge and interest in engineering fields such as mathematics and science must be maintained as these are essential skills for a future electrical engineer. Finally, it is imperative to cultivate the ability to solve problems because high-level specialists are expected to quickly identify them, evaluate, and develop the correct solutions. References Electrical certification and certificate program options . (2020). Study. Web. What is a PE? (n.d.). National Society of Professional Engineers. Web.
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An Analysis of the United States’ History Essay Widespread slavery is one of the significant realities between the mid-1800s and early 1900s in America that has to be considered when examining American history and literature. The increased demand for cheap labor to exploit and sustain the vast plantations motivated the slave system. However, sharp political divisions and controversies over this practice during the Reconstruction era led to the Civil War. The economics of slavery and the desire to control slaves inspired the conflict between the South and North. The clash of opinions over the morality of slavery heightened the fight against African Americans’ enslavement, which led to the abolition of slavery. This historical change was marked by the ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment in 1865 (Goodwin 899). The reconstruction era realities such as the Civil War and the abolition of slavery remain relevant today because they underscore the persistent socioeconomic injustices and the government’s role in protecting its citizens’ rights and freedoms. Another important reality in American history and literature is the marginalization of women’s rights and suffrage. Women were widely denied the right to participate in many aspects of social and political life, including voting (Goodier 196). The reorganization of the women’s suffrage movement led to significant constitutional amendments focused on enfranchising women. The most substantial change was women’s empowerment, particularly the right to vote and increased economic roles in society. Furthermore, an analysis of the United States’ history and literature has to recognize the importance and impact of the industrial revolution. The industrialization period was characterized by radical economic developments that led to a paradigm shift in production from artisans to large factories. Rapid advances in transportation and technology pioneered large-scale, well-organized, coordinated industrial activities. The major changes attributed to this trend are rapid urbanization, population growth, and immigration into America. Lastly, the Progressive movement is an important development in America’s history. The radical widespread social activism and political reforms introduced during this era sought to address problems caused by previous developments such as the rise of industries and urban centers, the influx of immigrants, and widespread corruption in the government. Overall, these social, economic, and political realities and changes define America’s history and literature. Works Cited Goodwin, Michele. “The Thirteenth Amendment: Modern slavery, capitalism, and mass incarceration.” Cornell Law Review , vol. 104, 2018, p. 899. Goodier, Susan. “Doublespeak: Louisa Jacobs, the American equal rights association, and complicating racism in the early US women’s suffrage movement.” New York History , vol. 101, no. 2, 2020, pp. 195-211.
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Adaptation to Stress of Endocrine and Sympathetic Nervous System Essay Research Stress is a non-specific body reaction that occurs under the action of various extreme factors that threaten the violation of homeostasis and is characterized by stereotypical changes in the function of the nervous and endocrine systems. With acute stress exposure, the central nervous system is activated, which triggers a stress reaction. It activates various levels of the endocrine system, and the hormones produced affect the immune cells through the receptors located on them (Saladin, 2020). The biological meaning of these phenomena at the early stages of the development of a stress reaction is aimed at maintaining the functions of vital organs and systems. This increases the availability of energy resources, regulating regional blood flow, activating enzymes of cellular metabolism, and other factors of biological adaptation. Additionally, stress is characterized by activation of the sympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system. Sympathetic innervation is the result of excitation of the posterior hypothalamus, and parasympathetic innervation is the result of the anterior hypothalamus. Sympathetic influences provide an increase in blood pressure, cardiac output, level of free fatty acids, and the level of triglycerides in plasma. Also, a decrease in blood flow in the kidneys and the lumen of arterioles in the skin. The task of the sympathetic department is to help the body survive at a critical moment, to give it as many resources as it needs to fight or escape (Saladin, 2020). Consequently, the goal of the sympathetic department is to restore and preserve the resources of the autonomic nervous system, and its activation occurs during sleep, food, and rest. Critical Thinking In my opinion, sometimes social life puts people in certain situations where it is necessary to prove social independence, material well-being, physical well-being, or the level of intelligence. This is usually found when students take exams and when a surgeon master a new operation. One of the best techniques to remember the information received is a technique based on associations. It is necessary to think and remember what symptoms and consequences stress can lead to, and thus try to refrain from any worries. This topic is significant for everyone because stress is an integral part of the life of any modern person. If a person begins to better understand the body and the processes that occur in it, one will be able to save his health from harmful effects and prolong his life. Reference Saladin, K. (2020). Anatomy & physiology: The unity of form and function (9 th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
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My assumption is based on a reflection on the individuals who have already shown their interest in occupying the highest office in the land. Hilary Clinton and Jeb Bush are among the most admirable contestants in the oncoming elections. With regard to the anticipated 2016 race to the Whitehouse, I believe three main political hot button issues will be at the center of all the candidates’ campaigns. One of the major hot button issues which I think will attract a lot of attention from voters is the escalating national debt. The American economy has been volatile for the last two decades. Under the leadership of President Bush, the national debt doubled and later tripled under Obama’s administration (Killough, par. 6). The American electorates are longing for a stable economy where jobs and opportunities are available for all. This will, therefore, prove to be a major political issue during the campaigns as the leaders seek to influence voters to vote in their favor. Economic and financial issues have always been critical issues that draw the electorate’s interest and shape political debates (Killough, par. 6). In addition to the national debt, the issue of gender and equality is another concern among the electorate. American has always made history over the years for being pioneers in many areas (Killough, par. 8). The anticipation of a female president is gradually arising among the electorate, and many people feel that it is time to allow a female to be the president of the United States. This are major issues that I predict will be the source of the election debate just like it was during Obama’s first election. With this regard, the secretary of state, Hilary Clinton, will be the female candidate to beat in the 2016 elections (Adams, par. 13). Some of the factors that influenced Obama’s election might work for her as well. The probability of having a female president is exiting many voters, and this may increase the percentage of voter turnout, especially among the female gender. The election of a female president will be a sign of the American people’s commitment to fighting discrimination among individuals based on their gender (Adams, par. 14). Equality and gender sensitivity will enhance voter turnout by influencing and encouraging female voters to get involved in large numbers. Lastly, the issue of privacy and surveillance will definitely be a point of interest in November 2016. People are worried about the current tapping cases that have been happening, and the government being part of it is a major concern (Jaffe and Bash, par. 12). In order to impress the young generation, leaders will have to trade carefully on the issue of phone tapping. Paul, a Republican presidential hopeful, keeps assuring the electorates whenever he has to make a comment that it is none of the government’s business to know and monitor its citizens’ call logs. The right to digital privacy is a big issue in the US today, and he is expected to be one of the greatest political issues in the 2016 th general election (Jaffe and Bash, par. 15). This issue is very important because it affects the youth who make up more than 70% of the total voters (Jaffe and Bash, par. 17). As the campaigns begin to gain momentum, one can only wait to see how the events will unfold. Works Cited Adams, Myra. 16 Reasons Why Hillary Clinton Will Win 2016. Web. Jaffe, Alexander and Dana Bash. He’s in: Marco Rubio announces WH bid. 2015. Web. Killough, Ashley. Rand Paul: ‘I’m putting myself forward as a candidate for president ‘. 2015. Web.
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The concept of product placement has evolved with time and in today’s competitive market environment, brands are exploiting every avenue to advertise their products and expand their customer base. According to Srivastava, product placement in movies is an alternative to “advertisements for better brand recall, purchase intentions and changes in perceptions toward the brands as well as improving attitudes toward the brand” (281). Krispy Kreme, an American doughnuts and coffeehouse company utilized this concept of product placement in the movie in 2017. In this image, power rangers are holding Krispy Kreme doughnuts as a marketing strategy. This association worked well because some scenes in the movie naturally weave into the Krispy Kreme brand making it part of the filming. For instance, in one scene, rangers are seen training inside one of the company’s local stores. In another instance, Billy, the Blue Ranger says that the Krispy Kreme in their town “Angel Grove, is the location of the magical artifact the Zeo Crystal” (Flynn para. 6). Billy also claims that the villain, Rita Repulsa, uses Krispy Kreme as her secret location. This weaving of Krispy Kreme into the flow of the movie creates a working association between the brand and the film. The association was so successful that Krispy Kreme decided to open its first digital shop located in the fictitious city of Angel Grove where the film is set. This advertisement strategy worked well because Krispy Kreme’s revenue in 2017 (at 891.5 million USD) was the highest over the last decade – in 2016, it was 758 million USD and in 2018, it dropped to 805 million USD (Lock). Such statistics underscore the power of product placement in films as an alternative way of marketing and creating brand awareness. Works Cited Flynn, Kerry. Rampant Krispy Kreme Product Placement is the True Hero of Power Rangers . 2017. Web. Lock, Steve. Sales of Krispy Kreme in the United States from 2001 to 2018 (in Million U.S. Dollars). 2019. Web. Srivastava, Rajesh. “Promoting Brands through Product Placement in Successful and Unsuccessful Films in Emerging Markets.” Journal of Promotion Management, vol. 22, no. 3, 2016, pp. 281-300.
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Federal Debts and Deficits Research Paper The federal or national debt is the total sum of the public outstanding debt and the intragovernmental holdings. Therefore, based on the definition, the current national debt of U.S stands at USD 15,584,905,894,127.28 (U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Public Debt n.d). ‘Intragovernmental holdings’ is the financial debt which a federal government owes itself (U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Public Debt. 2011). Most of the government spendings are usually financed through borrowed funds from the treasury. A good example of Intragovernmental holdings is the social security fund which at the same time is categorized as the largest source of the federal government’s funds. The intergovernmental holdings comprise special funds, revolving funds, and government trust funds which are part of the Government Account Series (U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Public Debt 2012). Based on the current statistics, the Intergovernmental holdings of the U.S stand at USD 4,753,652,321,246.69 which is an equivalent of 31% of the federal/national debt (U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Public Debt 2012). Given the current economic situation in the country, the decline is not expected to decline any soon. In fact based on the U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Public Debt reports, the debt may continue to incline unless some measures are taken which would reserve the current economic situation. However, since the US economy has started to experience some positive growth, the debt may slightly but not much decline in the near future as the exact time is unpredictable. In the last 30 years (that is, from 1982 to 2012), the deficit and debt were reported to have a largest percentage of GDP in 2009 where a deficit of 10.1%, and a gross debt of 85.2% and a public debt of 54.1% were reported (Department of the Treasury and Office of Management and Budget 412). During the period of 1940 and 1943, the deficit increased from 3.0 to 30.3 which was almost a ten-fold. By 1943, the debt gross federal and the public debt were almost equal with a difference of 0.8% (Department of the Treasury and Office of Management and Budget, 412). In the last five years, the deficit and the public debt has been increasing on a yearly basis and in large numbers compared to both 1980s and 1990s. For instance, the furthest the deficit reached in 1980s and 1990s was 6.0 compared to the last five years where it went to over 10%. Since 1938, the federal government reported a surplus 11 times with 2001 being the last time a surplus was recorded by the federal government. The year 2011 has been adopted as it is the most recent complete year to calculate the percentage outlays per category. Category Outlay per Category (billion USD) Percentage of Total Outlay Total Outlays $ 3767.3 100% Dept. of Defense/Military $688.3 18.27% International Affairs $56.3 1.48% Health $361.6 9.59% Medicare $484.5 12.86% Income Security $579.6 15.38% Social Security $778.6 20.67% Net Interest $224.8 5.96% The year 2011 has a deficit of -1,326.9 on on-budget and off-budget. Based on figures above, as the Head of the President’s Council of Economic Advisors the amount allocated to department of defense/ military, international and social security would be cut to manageable portions. The reason is that despite the efforts to reduce the deficit, these three categories have been experiencing outlay increase for the last couple of years compared to the other categories. Cutting department of military spending would mean that most of the soldiers in different countries keeping international security would head home. On international affairs, less international affairs would be carried. Social security would mean that welfare in U.S reduces which would affect the people under welfare. On the positive side, deficit would be reduced hence reducing government borrowing. Works Cited Department of the Treasury and Office of Management and Budget 2012, Federal Receipts, Outlays, Surplus or Deficit, and Debt, as Percent of Gross Domestic Product, Fiscal Years 1939–2013 . Web. Department of the Treasury and Office of Management and Budget 2012, Federal Receipts and Outlays, by Major Category, and Surplus or Deficit, Fiscal Years 1945–2013 . Web. U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Public Debt. The Debt to the Penny and Who Holds It. Web. U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Public Debt. 2012. Intragovernmental Holdings and Debt Held by the Public . Web. U.S. Department of the Treasury, Bureau of the Public Debt. 2011. Frequently Asked Questions about the Public Debt. Web.
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The main landmarks are the two lakes located to the east of the avenue. Community Based on the analysis of the Google Maps Street View images, it can be concluded that the area is primarily populated with black people. There is a small number of people on the streets, most of which are black men between 30 and 50 years of age, who are either commuting or occupied with their daily tasks. Google Street View shows no children and pregnant women, no tourists and visitors, and no people who appear to be under the influence of drugs or alcohol. It can be concluded that the area is populated with working people. Indicators of Social and Economic Conditions: Homes and Transport The homes visible on Google Street View are in average condition. One side of the street is occupied by the Cottage Cave two-family houses and the other side with multifamily structures. There is one site that appears to be undergoing renewal. There is no public transport visible on the street, although there are several bus stops with people waiting for transport. Judging by the number of cars and parking spaces in the area, people primarily move from one place to another using private vehicles. There are no bicycles visible, and there is a school bus parked near a building, which indicates that children are transferred to school from this area. Indicators of Social and Economic Conditions: Jobs Several hiring advertisements are visible, and at the beginning of the street, there is a number of businesses, mostly related to the car industry, which can provide employment to the local population. There are no homeless people visible on the street, and judging by the absence of strollers and visitors, most people living on the street have jobs. There are several political campaign ads, but they are small and do not attract much attention, meaning that the interest in politics is low in this district. Health Resources There are two health facilities located on the street: Cross Gardens Care Center and Golden Glades Nursing and Rehab Center. Cross Garden Care Center is a 120-bed nursing facility that provides both short-term rehabilitation and long-term custodial care for citizens recovering after a hospital visit or in need of ongoing medical support (“Cross Gardens Care Center,” n.d.). Golden Glades Nursing and Rehab Center is a nursing facility providing long-term and short-term nursing care and comprehensive rehab services (“Golden Glades Nursing and Rehabilitation Center,” n.d.). There are no pharmacies, doctor offices, dentists, or urgent care centers on the street, which means that the residents of this area have to travel to have their basic healthcare needs addressed. Environmental Conditions Related to Health The street does not have well-developed recreation areas, but there is a park with a children’s playground. There are no schools, pre-schools, or daycare facilities in the area. The only restaurant is located at the beginning of the street, and there are no grocery stores or fast-food venues. The analysis of the environment does not indicate any particular threats except for the high level of pollution due to heavy traffic and the lack of green areas. Social Functioning and Attitude Towards Health There are no churches, synagogues, or other places of worship on the street. The closest religious facility is the Church of the Visitation of Blessed Virgin Mary, located at 100 NE 191st Street (“Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary,” n.d.). There is no evidence visible on the images that would indicate serious social problems, such as gang activity, juvenile delinquency, drug and alcohol abuse, and adolescent pregnancy. People in the images display neither signs of hostility nor a well-developed sense of neighborliness. In regard to healthcare resources, it can be noted that there is no evidence of folk medicine practice, preventive, and wellness care. The available health resources seem to be well-utilized, judging by the number of cars near the two healthcare facilities. Conclusion NE 2ND AVE can be described as a typical working-class neighborhood. The community is primarily black and between 30 and 50 years of age, and there are no signs of any particular social problems. The area is occupied by two-family and multifamily buildings and does not have a well-developed infrastructure, lacking most types of urban facilities. To address most of their social, healthcare, entertainment, and education needs, people have to travel to other locations. Based on the Google Maps Street View images, no particular environmental and healthcare concerns could be identified. It can be concluded that with the absence of common environmental and social threats, the population of the area would have different healthcare problems. Their particular nature would depend on each individual’s lifestyle, dietary habits, level of exercise, and the attention given to their health. However, based on the absence of sports and recreational facilities in the area, it can be presumed that it is hard for people here to live a healthy lifestyle, which contributes to their existing health concerns. References Cross Gardens Care Center (n.d.). Golden Senior Care. Web. Golden Glades Nursing and Rehabilitation Center. (n. d.). Nursing Home Law Center. Web. Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary (n.d.). Web.
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Starting a Small Business and Planning Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Executive summary 3. Company summary 4. Services 5. Market analysis summary 6. Implementation summary 7. Financial plan 8. Summary 9. Works cited Introduction Small businesses are all around us. Day in day out people are always coming up with business ideas aimed at helping people in one way or the other with the ultimate goal being financial sustenance. When starting a small business there are different approaches that can be taken, one can choose to start out using their own finances or use the popular approach of writing a business proposal asking for funding to start up the business. This paper will present a business proposal for a business idea of my choice giving a detailed summary of the business and its requirements. Executive summary Go Green International is a company dealing in producing environmental friendly products. In view of the current change of worldly climate as a result of pollution to the environment it is of interest to start companies that produce entirely environmental friendly products for the safety of the planet and thus ensure longevity of the living species in it. It is of absolute interest for the world to arrest the pollution crisis early enough if plans to save this planet will reap any fruits. The idea of having environmentally friendly products has thus led to the birth of this company. Company summary The company is entirely owned by Fred Davis who plans to hire four other employees to be directors in charge of different departments. Mr Davis will be handling all employee issues which include hiring and firing, training of staff, staff problems as well as salary determination. Later on as the company grows and expands in stature more employees are expected to be hired into the different departments of the company. Mr Davis plans to recruit and train all new employees on their job expectations which will in turn ensure absolute productivity from the employees. Services Go Green International will be involved in a myriad of environmental friendly products. It will channel maximum attention on producing bio-degradable bags which will be used for product packaging especially in industries and shopping areas. It will also channel its attention in awareness campaigns aimed at enlightening the general public on the importance of taking care of the environment. In its expansion program in a few years the company plans to venture in farming where it plans to channel all efforts towards green or organic farming. This is where farming is practised with minimised use of chemicals. The key purpose of this is to discourage the use chemicals buy farmers which destroy the ground. Market analysis summary Go Green International chiefly targets the 100% of shoppers in the society. Everybody at whichever time has purchased something from some outlet that required to be wrapped in a bag. Seeing this dire need for bags within our society it shows that the market for business for this company is green with expectations. The other target market as mentioned earlier is the farming industry which also affects 100% of the population as everybody eats. These two ventures serve to show the high degree of success for this company. Implementation summary Go Green International does realise the level of competition in the market is very high and to beat this the company plans to provide a competitive edge to its competitors by first of all producing top quality products which will be by far better than what the average customer is accustomed to at the moment. It is also in the company’s strategy to beat competition in the pedigree of customer service. The company plans to invest heavily in customer education which will lead to the customer gaining interest in the company’s products. Financial plan The company being a product based company does require a huge budget plan in order to roll out. Below is a tabulated sheet of the focusted financial requirements of the company at the start stage (first five months): Expenditure 1 st month 2 nd month 3 rd month 4 th month 5 th month Products $40,000 $70,000 $110,000 $150,000 $200,000 Transportation $5,000 $8,500 $12,000 $20,000 Above $30,000 Go down rent $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 Electricity $2,000 $3,500 $4,500 $5,000 $5,00 Water $1,700 $1,700 $1,700 $1,700 $1,700 Salaries $12,000 $18,500 $30,000 $50,000 Above $70,000 Employee training $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 $5,000 Legal fee $7,500 – – – – Miscellaneous $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 $10,000 TOTAL $93,200 $127,200 $183,200 $251,700 $331,700 This table represents the focusted expenditure as per with calculations based on the orders that have been currently allocated to the company already. Summary With the necessary financial aid given to the company and the budget analysis detailed above from the company it is without a doubt that Go Green International should be the best investment venture for a potential investor looking for grime returns from their investment. The company displays only the green light for success and the idea of it being an environmental friendly venture means that it is a company that is future oriented as environmental conservation is a forever ordeal. Works cited Sample Business Plans. B.Plans. 1996. Web. Small Business ideas. Small Business Notes, n.d. Web. U.S Small Business Administration. Sba.gov, n.d. Web.
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However, the admission of this fact has put the company in a challenging situation with regard to ethical and compliance codes of conduct. The diversity of its workforce subject to the country’s rights and ethics puts the company under a higher task on ethical codes. With this regard, this paper makes an extensive literal review of the company’s privacy ethical criteria to sexuality, while deeply considering utilitarian and deontological theories. Sexuality is a key element in any organization. Today sexuality accounts for failure and success in both international and local companies. General Motors Corporation has made its effort to business ethics and compliance to sexuality. Although according to the utilitarian approach, less emphasis is given to it since it may mean little to any good or bad. On the other hand, the satisfaction in working together, with a different gender is immense and of immense worth to building a dynamic team. Notwithstanding, the company has adopted a policy that gives equal opportunities to both males and females and allowed one to data (although not included) a colleague. However, it is less likely that the employees dating may be allowed to work in the same company, not to mention of the same department. This is all for the benefit of the company. According to deontological theory, it is ethical to date anybody regardless of the company one is working. On a closer look at the ethical perspective, with regard to privacy ethics at work, it falls that this is, natural moral, law that one may be reluctant to resist. However, the same theory advances that it is intuition from common sense and one ought to show responsibility towards sexuality. Again, the privacy or rather a freedom is given to each one of him or she should be enough to let satisfied working in the area. As such, General Motors has made an extensive effort in ensuring compliance with the company codes of conduct that may justify punishing or avoiding some employees as far as such motives are meant to produce a maximization of consequences or results in the production. Furthermore, the company has made decentralized compliance on ethical codes of conduct that have a multicultural aspect. Sexuality and sexual harassment at workplaces have been significant at General Motors Corporation, as it does not just touch on the privacy of the sexuality but the integrity. The numerous numbers of cultures that constitute the company employees have an ethical aspect on the cultural norm, which puts the company at task to observe sexuality with considerable concern on ethics. Sexual harassment is considered as a violation of the law, in the same line, General Motors gives zero tolerance on the same regardless of the country. In this view, the company has set up retaliatory workplaces where one can work comfortably without disruptions. Many times, the majority of individuals are fearful to speak up for fear of the security of their jobs or loss of reputation. The company has set an effective reporting mechanism where one can access the communication mechanisms and justify their moral stands.
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The Applewood Firm Breaching the Legal Obligation Research Paper Evaluation of the Legal Obligation of Clare Applewood Applewood agreed to protect the privacy of its customers. The contract was legally binding, and the company was expected to perform its legal obligation. Failure to honor the respective agreement means that legal action can be taken against the company. The contract breach will have the following negative impacts on Applewood. First, it will destroy the reputation if customers learn that their data was accessed by third parties, meaning the company has not honored its part of the agreement. Other customers will be reluctant to do business with Applewood since it has previously defaulted on the initial contract with its customers. Conversely, the injury to the organization’s reputation can have long-lasting effects on the ability of Applewood to attract new customers. Sometimes, breaching a contract such as privacy can expose a business to many challenges. Furthermore, Applewood can lose its customers since competitors already have customer information and can use marketing methods to attract customers to their brands. This will have dire consequences and can make an organization face the law if a default clause is triggered. According to Akdemir (2021), if a breach of contract is severe enough, it can lead to litigation and disputes. Therefore, a business needs to put the best strategies to avoid any breach of contract. If customers realize that an organization breached the initial agreement, the relationship between the two parties will result in negative consequences. Recommendations Business entities and customers should understand laws about the privacy of their operations. Businesses should refrain from making some decisions without consulting the appropriate regulations in place. Companies should seek legal advice when in difficult situations outside their control. Specifically, in the case of Applewood, third parties accessed customer information which is against their policy. Under the privacy law, customers may be entitled to compensation if an organization fails to put the proper measures in place. In addition, businesses should put data security experts in charge to take care of customers’ data. Each organization should have an ethics hotline, which reports to management in case of any security issue to implement the proper security measures. Businesses should provide enough resources and education to their employees on how to keep customer information secure. If businesses amend their code of ethics, it would be easy for employees to gain extra information and change. Security experts should be given knowledge on high-security approaches that ensure a full security of customer information. Organizations should provide additional educational opportunities to their employees to successfully implement policy changes (Kubasek et al., 2021). Ideally, managers should implement a consistent system that handles ethical concerns in the workplace, and all employees should adhere to the same to avoid any breaches. Sometimes, employees’ actions contribute to security data breaches which in turn affect the whole process. However, it is essential to accept that companies can never be entirely free of challenges; however, the proper measures can minimize such ethical issues. Technological advancements have negatively affected the business world. Since many businesses depend on technology entirely, data breaches, glitches, and power failures can negatively affect profitability. For example, access to customer information can create a significant issue since the data can be sold to competitors; in turn, a business will fail (Szakonyi et al., 2021). Therefore, an organization should put the proper measures in place to handle such situations. References Akdemir, N. (2021). Coping with Identity Theft and Fear of Identity Theft in the Digital Age. In Legal Challenges in the New Digital Age (pp. 176-197). Brill Nijhoff. Kubasek, N. K., Browne, M. N., Herron, D. J., Dhooge, L. J., & Barkacs, L. L. (2021). Dynamic business law (5 th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. Szakonyi, A., Leonard, B., & Dawson, M. (2021). Dark Web: A Breeding Ground for ID Theft and Financial Crimes. In Handbook of Research on Theory and Practice of Financial Crimes (pp. 506-524). IGI Global.
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Geography of the Land, the Israelites, Passed to Canaan Essay The primary objective of the presentation is to explain the hardships the Israelites had to pass through after they fled from Egypt and the harsh conditions they had to make through. The presentation also pertains to the way of living of the Israelites during the Exodus. There is no undeniable archeological proof to verify the story of the Exodus. Some intellectuals date the Exodus around 1260 BC during the leadership of Ramesses II (1290-12130). Some suggest an earlier date, around 1440BC, under the reign of Thutmosis III (1490-1436). The kingdom period is between 1550-1069, according to Egyptian history. The red sea had two arms–the Gulf of Suez (nearEgypt, Suez canal today) and the Gulf of Aqaba (North-Eastern arm pointing towards the Dead Sea). Israelites left Egypt for Canaan to the North part of the Red sea Exodus is the freeing of the people of Israel from slavery in Egypt in the 13 th -century AD under the leadership of Moses. It dictates the living delivery of the Israelites by their God, Yahweh. This is the Journey that the Israelites had to take before reaching the Promised Land, Canaan. It also defines the memories of the Israel community and the hardship they experienced in Egypt. The route the Israelites were instructed to take passed through a wilderness where there was no water, no growing food, and was inhabited by hostile tribes. Water was accessed through the wells at particular points. Sometimes, they had to request water directly from their God via Moses conducting miracles; thus, in this context, water was sacred. Agriculture is a sector that was not given so much concern during the journey as the climate could not support crops; they were provided with manna by their God. During the departure, the Israelites camped at the foot of Mount Sinai. The Bible dictates that it is on the top of this mountain that Moses met with God and was given the tablet of the Ten Commandments. On this very location, the Israelites had lost faith in God, were punished, after which they entered into a new covenant with God, and offered new guidelines to follow as they continued with the journey. According to the Book of Exodus and the Book of Kings, this mountain is regarded as the mountain of Yahweh. Mount Sinai is also named Mount Hareb. Horeb means glowing heat, which refers to the sun, while the Sinai is derived from the name sin, the Sumerian deity of the moon. Sinai would be the mountains of the sun and the moon sequentially. Christian tradition contemplates Mount Horeb adjacent to Saint Catherine’s Monastery. Moses wandered in the wilderness leading the children of Israelites for forty years. This is a distance that can be covered in eleven days. Spending forty years in the wilderness was a punishment that God gave the Israelites due to their unwillingness to take over the land of Canaan. The Israelites took at least two months to travel from Egypt to Mount Sinai, where Moses was offered the Ten Commandments, approximately 8940 km. Mount Sinai is 509 kilometers away from Canaan, the Israelites destination or Promised Land. This journey was also disrupted by the hostile communities the Israelites had to conquer as they proceeded to Canaan. This journey was to act as a reminder to the Israelites and as a way of re-establishing a connection between them and God through dependence.
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Robert Nozick’s “Anarchy, State and Utopia” Essay Scholars and thinkers of repute in the fields of philosophy, political science, and history during the ancient, classical, and contemporary epochs of learning have put forward theories that attempt to explain the origins, necessity, and functions of the state. Some have supported the need to have an absolute sovereign government or state that serves as a custodian of people’s power while others have argued in support of anarchy or a minimal state like Robert Nozick in his 1974 masterpiece titled “Anarchy, State and Utopia”. They have also theorized on various aspects of society like justice, legitimacy, human rights among others. This task is a summary of Robert Nozick’s chapter seven in the above-mentioned book. Robert Nozick’s Idea of State The state and its legitimacy are one of the main themes in Robert Nozick’s book. According to Valentyne, Nozick holds that it is not possible to have a legitimate state especially one that enjoys absolute legitimacy (86). Therefore, Nozick proposes the replacement of the present state with a minimal state which safeguards people only against violence, theft, fraud, and violation of contract Valentyne (86). Nozick’s sense of state is that of a coercive organization that for a given territory has effectual domination on the use of weapons to enforce its will and interests Valentyne (87). Robert Nozick’s Critique of Rawl’s Distributive Justice In chapter seven Nozick provides an articulate critique upon Rawl’s theory of distributive justice (150). Distributive justice deals with fair allocation of resources on the basis of ethical and moral principles of the society (275). It proposes the allocation of opportunities and wealth on the basis of merits and moral obligations. So that in the long run, each member of the society gets what is entitled to him or her Rawl (275). Valentyne argues that Nozick holds a libertarian theory of justice as opposed to Rawl’s distributive theory of justice (88).Despite his deviation from Rawl’s distributive theory of justice; Nozick believes that sound adult humans have certain undeniable rights including a right to bodily honor which makes illegal murdering, persecuting, or hurting the holder of the right Valentyne (88). Nozick’s theory of justice holds that an action is just if it does not violate other people’s libertarian rights. The libertarian rights according to Nozick are original absolute self-ownership, rights of a common use of the external world, rights of primary acquisition. While on the one hand, Rawl understands justice based on distributive shares based on moral obligations, Nozick proposes a theory of justice based on libertarian rights enumerated above. For him, an action is just if it doesn’t violate another’s libertarian rights as opposed to Rawl’s theory of justice which is based on merits and moral obligations in determining what an individual is entitled to and what is fair in eyes of the ordinary man in the street. According to Nozick the role of the minimal state is limited to safeguarding the libertarian rights of the individual citizens against theft, torture, and maiming. Otherwise, the individuals will still retain some right of self-defending their libertarian rights. However, it is important to note that Nozick holds to the fundamental principles despite his dismissal of Rawl’s distributive theory. Works Cited Nozick, Robert. Anarchy, state, and utopia . New York: University of Michigan, 2010.Print. Rawls, John. A theory of justice. London: Harvard University Press, 1999.Print. Vallentyne, Peter. The Twentieth Century: Quine and After. Central Works of Philosophy. Vol. 5, 2006, 86-103.
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When Evidence Says No, But Doctors Say Yes Essay (Article) Introduction The article presents two cases, both illustrating deviations from evidence-based protocols. In the first story, the patient with chest pain refused a coronary stent implant, which was proposed by the doctor. Another doctor told him that the stent would not be useful, and the final treatment plan involving diet and exercise. This plan is less invasive and costly than the original suggestion. In the second story, doctors implanted a stent on a patient who had trouble breathing, although his symptoms were due to lung tissue scarring. The procedure delayed his lung transplant surgery, and the patient died, which is why the stent was a bad idea for this patient. Main body The prescription of ineffective treatments by doctors is rather prevalent in the United States. For example, doctors may prescribe ineffective therapies because they lack knowledge about their inefficiency or because patients demand these treatments. At the same time, innovative and potentially effective treatments are not always available because they are stuck in the testing process. The 21st Century Cures Act lowers evidence standards for new drugs and medical devices. The $3.5 billion sums required for this bill come from public health funding, which may influence patient outcomes in terms of disease prevention, education, and healthcare access. However, the bill will increase the number of new treatments and drugs on the market by making it easier for them to meet evidence standards. Decreasing expenditure on ineffective treatments could help to address the issue of rising healthcare costs. However, it takes about ten years for doctors to stop using medications that were found to be ineffective. Even when the medical community is generally aware of the problem, doctors may still use conventional treatments. For instance, doctors use stents despite their inefficiency because they want to avoid patient deaths, relieve the patient’s anxiety, and protect themselves in court. Additionally, some doctors do not believe in scholarly evidence. Another example of ineffective treatments commonly used in treatment and disease prevention is beta-blockers. Atenolol slows the heart rate and reduces blood pressure, but is ineffective in preventing heart attacks and stroke. Doctors continue to prescribe it because it is a conventional treatment, and they lack knowledge about its ineffectiveness. It is also essential to consider the pressure from patients, as it has an influence on doctors’ decisions to use particular treatments. It is true that many patients form strong beliefs regarding the type of treatment they need before they go to see a doctor. For example, some patients seek meniscal surgery because they found information about its benefits online and believe that it will alleviate their chronic knee pain. However, this surgery should only be performed if there is sharp, intermittent pain and motion reduction. What many patients do not realize is that anecdotal evidence is often misleading, and even the most effective treatments may not help all patients and may cause harm. In medical settings, medications and procedures are evaluated using the number needed to treat and the number needed to harm measures. These provide a more accurate representation of the potential benefits and risks of treatment. The NNT refers to the number of patients who need to undergo treatment before it can prevent one additional adverse outcome. The NNH describes the number of patients who need to be treated with a specific medication or device before an additional patient is harmed. Conclusion On the whole, unnecessary spending is a persistent problem in the United States that involves both patients and doctors. Doctors often prescribe ineffective or unnecessary treatments because they lack awareness about their ineffectiveness or simply do not believe the evidence. Patients may also pressure doctors in performing procedures that are clinically ineffective. It is a common misconception that expensive, novel treatments are responsible for people’s improved health and longevity. As shown in the article, the increased life expectancy is mainly due to improved living conditions, hygiene, and vaccinations. Thus, treatments should only be used when they will benefit patients, and doctors should follow evidence-based protocols strictly in their practice.
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The Cause and Effect of the Iraq War Essay Introduction Most Americans now agree with what the rest of the world has known all along, that the invasion of Iraq was not in the best interest of western-Arab relations and was unquestionably illegal as defined by the International Court of Justice and the UN, the two most preeminent legal bodies on the globe. The flawed justification that led to America entering a war with Ira has since been proven to be untrue. The result has been calamitous. Because of the occupation of Iraq, the international terrorist organization Al Qaeda has grown in number, increased attacks worldwide and has infiltrated the borders of Iraq. More importantly, more than 4000 U.S. soldiers and an untold thousands of innocent Iraqi citizens have been killed. Cause for War The invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq in 2003 was initiated and largely conducted by the United States in response to what it claimed was an attack on its soil by various agents operating from within these countries. These actions have been defended by the Bush administration as not only legal but morally necessary to protect U.S. citizens. Al Qaeda leader Osama Bin Laden hoped the U.S. would timidly withdraw from the Middle East, but he appears to have been aware that an aggressive U.S. response to 9/11 was entirely possible. In that case, he had a Plan: Al-Qaeda hoped to draw the U.S. into a debilitating guerrilla war in Afghanistan and do to the U.S. military what they had earlier done to the Soviets. The U.S. cleverly outfoxed Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan, using air power and local Afghan allies (the Northern Alliance) to destroy the Taliban without many American boots on the ground. However, the Bush administration then went on to invade Iraq for reasons still unclear, where Americans faced the kind of wearing guerrilla war they had avoided in Afghanistan (O’Brien, 2005). At best, the information provided to Bush was faulty and at worst, his justification for war was based purely on fabrications. The alleged link between the terrorist group Al Qaeda and Iraq was referenced before the war and became the primary excuse of the Bush administration following the lack of weapons evidence. Contrary to these assertions of terrorist ties, then Secretary of State Powell stated in January of 2004, “I have not seen a smoking-gun, concrete evidence about the (terrorist) connection” (“Iraq After Saddam”, 2004). Effect of War The citizens of Iraq are suffering because of U.S. involvement in their country not only during this war but have been since the early ‘90’s. The U.S. backed embargo of Iraq in the ‘90’s was intended to persuade Saddam Hussein into conforming with international law but only acted to starve hundreds of thousands of children. Those many thousand Iraqi’s opposed to Hussein’s regime following the first gulf war believed President H.W. Bush’s promise that the U.S. would support a civil uprising but were slaughtered when that promise went unfulfilled. By all estimations, withdrawing from Iraq now would cause these beleaguered people even greater harm than has already been perpetrated by the U.S. over the past 15 years. The current war has claimed about a half-million civilian lives. (“No Safe Way”, 2007). Conclusion Cause Bush chose to follow the advice of jaded, self serving legal opinion in spite of strong disagreement by the U.S. State Department which cautioned against disregarding U.N. and international laws as well as covenants of the Geneva Convention. The U.S. claimed to have possessed ‘clear and compelling evidence,’ that the State of Afghanistan was harboring terrorists, as did Iraq. Yet, if this is true, then why didn’t it divulge this evidence to the Security Council so as to have a legal right to invade? In President Bush’s handling of the war on terror, three facts stand out: Bush launched a sustained military action against an enemy that had not attacked the U.S., the rationale for the invasion of Iraq was not based on fighting terrorism and it has provided fresh examples of U.S. brutality for al-Qaeda recruiters. Effect The illegal war in Iraq has caused terrorist attacks to increase as well as the loss of many thousands of Iraqi and Allied lives and as a consequence and has cost the U.S. dearly as far as international respect is concerned. Additionally, this ‘war’ has monetary costs reaching into the hundreds of billions of dollars which has crippled the U.S. economy and will continue to for many years in the future. It has caused the U.S. national debt to skyrocket to more than eight trillion dollars at present, which will have to be paid instead of spending federal revenues on healthcare, welfare programs, education, defense systems, etc. The U.S. military is crippled as well, both literally and conceptually. It could not respond to a crisis of any size which potentially could result in a disastrous situation. As the war has progressed, the Bush administration has lost much confidence among the American public who now better understand what the rest of the world has known since Iraq was first invaded. Bush’s foreign policy is based on greed, was promoted by lies and has cost the U.S. worldwide respect that may never be recovered. Works Cited Ignatieff, Michael. Virtual War: Kosovo and Beyond. New York, N.Y.: Metropolitan Books. (2000). “Iraq After Saddam: GIs Swoop Down On Tikrit Suspects Iraq.” CBS News. (2004). Web. “No safe way for U.S. to leave Iraq, experts warn.” (2007). CNN. Web. O’Brien, Kerry. (2005). “US ‘Misread Motivation’ of Suicide Bombers.” The 7:30 Report. Web.
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Orientalism Theoretical Tradition Essay (Critical Writing) Orientalism is one of the major influencing factors of distorting and misrepresenting the image of other cultures. The theoretical tradition of orientalism that has developed in civilizational studies often deforms and distorts real civilizational phenomena, processes, as well as ideas about civilizational differences and the civilizational specificity of a particular nation, society, and state, since orientalism-style research is a type of side view of a scientist, not belonging to the civilization he studies. The predominantly civilizational studies carried out in the context of Orientalism are connected with the study of the East, usually opposed to the West, as a result of which the Western concepts of the East appear, according to which, in general, the western public, including the scientific, acquaints themselves with eastern civilizations. It seems that this is where the main source of problems in the field of inter-civilization cooperation and dialogue is located. To build it in the absence of real knowledge about the essence of non-Western civilizations, which by and large are not characterized by civilizational introspection on the verge of comparative civilizational research, is quite difficult. E. Said notes that Orientalism is a style of thinking based on the ontological and epistemological distinction of East and West (Palestine Diary, 2012). As part of the analysis of the civilizational paradigm in political science and the available approaches to the study of civilizations, he focuses on the example of Islamic civilization that it is one of the largest discussed and debated in modern science. However, the growth of interest in it since the last decade was accompanied by widespread distortion, and sometimes by defaming its essence, history, and modern state, both out of ignorance and intent, which is associated with the total politicization of civil discourse. Manipulative tactics in mass media also play a major role in the facilitation of the concept of orientalism. Manipulative technologies are called a consistent set of methods, techniques, and methods of psychosomatic effects, the purpose of which is to induce the subject to solve any problem. A competent selection of psychology-influencing technology allows the manipulator to achieve the planned results by forming in the mass consciousness the most acceptable social algorithms for itself. For instance, Kurds, who are allies of the US, are also the victims of orientalism (Karimi, Mohammadpur, & Mahmoodi, 2015). With the development of mass media technology, persuasive communication based on facts and arguments began to transform more and more into inspiring communication. The main attention was shifted to the development of means and methods of external subthreshold effects on the sphere of the unconscious with the aim of purposefully modifying mental processes, conditions and human behavior, that is, bypassing the control of consciousness over external stimulation. The impact of the media on untrained readers, listeners, and viewers is as invisible as radiation. The techniques and methods for manipulating public consciousness through the media are numerous and often camouflaged so that journalists can easily circumvent the press law. Silence about any important events, focusing on secondary details, turning to negative levels of consciousness, primitivizing of opponents by journalists leads to incitement of intergroup, interethnic, ethnic conflicts, to the appearance of a sense of deception, humiliation, defenselessness, uncertainty, fatigue and apathy among readers, listeners, viewers. In addition, the US possesses a strong Protestant ethic, which makes it difficult to properly integrate the correct idea of Islamic cultures (Dabashi, 2017). Mass media have gained distribution in order to influence the mass consciousness of development from the sphere of psycholinguistics, neuro-linguistic programming, and psychology of perception. All of them are highly effective and are designed mainly for subconscious perception. References Dabashi, H. (2017). Post-orientalism knowledge & power in time of terror . London, England: Routledge. Karimi, J., Mohammadpur, A., & Mahmoodi, K. (2015). Dismantling Kurdish texts: An orientalist approach. Contemporary Review of the Middle East, 2 (3), 220-237. Palestine Diary. (2012). Edward Said on orientalism [Video file]. Web.
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Marketing environments and their effects on business Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Economic 3. Competitive/geographical 4. Legal/political 5. Technological 6. Conclusion 7. References Introduction The comprehensive hotel business consists of a composite field of opponents within a swiftly changing transnational setting. New hotels are being fashioned daily, while some are intensifying their branches. In this urbane market conditions, marketing consultants are trying to originate strategies that would guarantee they get the apt awareness to draw business (Bensoussan & Fleisher, 2008). One of the organization’s hotels is facing such tests as it struggles to contend in the industry. There are diverse marketing settings which manipulate the operation of hotels, and the management must evidently scrutinize them to establish how to counter their impact. Economic Globalization sways economic conditions of a region, which shape the hotel operations. There is open movement of assets in the society, coupled by fiscal and political assimilation, which are creating new consumer markets. The pressures and prospects presented by these changes in the economy must be anticipated and planned for. Competitive/geographical The competitive environment entails offering matching services as other companies, thus they will be competing to market the same product. This may result in price diminution in services, or employment of superior advertisement stratagem to draw customers (Bensoussan & Fleisher, 2008). Legal/political The legal situation is habitually prejudiced by the politics adjoining the expanse. Rules on how businesses are maneuvered and the new regulations, for example, increase in levies may distress the organization (Gregory, 2000). Customers may litigate the hotel if they face any injuries while being accommodated. Politicians may also stage-manage the products being advertised, for example, a ban on alcohol utilization in businesses. Technological The pervasiveness of more technological innovations adds flexibility in managing and surveying the company’s possessions and allotment channels (Aisbett & Pires, 2003). Marketing channels have been advanced, availing businesses with more channels to reach soon-to-be clients. This also gives clients wide-ranging selections of services, following the superior exposure of presented services. The way consumers interrelate with hotels and their inclination are habitually determined by the efficacy of marketing stratagem. New catering technologies, like kitchenware, which may augment competence in production and storage, are being developed. Economic modifications are typically accompanied by societal and political apprehensions which relate to immigration and strengthening of the workers skills (Bensoussan & Fleisher, 2008). Currency changes need to be screened and the exchange rates monitored in order to apprehend momentous profits. Technological changes might result in cutback of some workers as more cost-effective machinery which can execute more roles is being invented. The company should exploit the available medium to cooperate with consumers and generate more exposure. Inflexible safety procedures must be enhanced to guarantee the protection of clients while in the company to avoid any lawful issues. Acquiescence with the existing regulations is indispensable, besides regular updates on novel guidelines related to hotel running. Products with altered measures must be checked to ensure conformity. Competition would dictate the hotel to watchfully appraise trends and contemplations in the communal and cultural market (Gregory, 2000). All assets in the technological environment must be utilised aptly, and preparations for any geological changes be made. If the competitive setting is not rigorous there is no need to spend on costly machinery or commercials. Conclusion There are a range of preferences existing for the clients, amplified by the numerous marketing strategies hotels use to reach consumers. There are separate departments which subsist in the company, for example, catering and maintenance, and thus each must be extensively specified to ensure overall productivity in the organization (Bensoussan & Fleisher, 2008). How the administration counters the environments troubles surrounding the business would ultimately resolve its success. It is also obligatory to survey the partialities of consumers before making any supervisory verdicts. References Aisbett, J. & Pires, G. (2003). “The relationship between technology adoption and strategy in business-to-business markets: the case of e-commerce”. Science Direct: Industrial marketing management, Vol 32, issue 4, pp. 291-300. Bensoussan, B. & Fleisher, C. (2008). Analysis without paralysis: ten tools to make better strategic decisions . New Jersey: FT press. Gregory, A. (2000). Planning and managing public relations campaigns. Virginia: Kogan Page Publishers
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British Battle of Rorke’s Drift/Lsandlwana Essay Table of Contents 1. Overview 2. Zulu’s Fighting Tactics 3. British Troop’s Readiness 4. Underestimation of the Zulus 5. Conclusion 6. References Overview Just like the battle of Lsandlwana, the battle of Rorke’s Drift was a battle against the Anglo-Zulu by the British. With 150 troops, the British Empire managed to defend their stronghold against over 4,000 Zulu warriors. This outcome contradicts with the Isandlwana battle where the British troops succumbed to a massive defeat from the Zulu warriors leaving the world in awe (Knight & Hook, 2002). The Zulu warriors became the first ‘native’ army to defeat a western troop in a substantial manner. Considering that both battles took place on the same day, how comes one battle was won while the other was lost? Zulu’s Fighting Tactics Zulu warriors at Rorke’s Drift battle used poor fighting tactics thus giving room for the British troop to attack and defeat them. They easily made their war intents and positions known thus prompting the officers in charge to hastily hold a meeting and decide on the war strategy to use (whether to retreat or defend themselves in the position they were already in). However, the Zulu warriors in Isandlwana battle used new fighting tactics. Unlike the British troops, Zulu warriors were concentrated and did not make their war intent or their position known. This enabled them to get close to the British troops and give them a tactical surprise that was below their expectations and was unprepared for (Knight & Hook, 2002). British Troop’s Readiness The officers in charge of the Rorke’s Drift battle were alert and quick to act and therefore managed to organize and position the troops. The British officers used mealie bags to construct a defensive perimeter, which consisted of a fortified hospital and storehouse. The troops made Firing holes through the buildings walls and used furniture to obstruct the doors. This concealed the British troops while allowing them to aim and fire at the Zulu warriors. However, at the Isandlwana battle, tactical surprise did not give Chelmsford, the officer in charge time to organize or give commands to the defending troops. This made the troop unprepared; had difficulty unpacking and distributing ammunitions on time and therefore, the men fighting ran out of ammunition thus making them prone to attacks (Knight & Hook, 2002). Underestimation of the Zulus British troops at Rorke’s Drift battle did not underestimate the Zulus and this explains why they took their time preparing and organizing for the war prior to the attack. However, troops at Isandlwana underestimated the Zulus capability. After Chelmsford heard of the Zulu’s over 20,000 warriors, he opted to move with ‘force’ underestimating the fact that Zulus outnumbered the British troops. He relied on the idea that firepower could compensate for his inadequate troops. Unfortunately, even with a heavy guard at Isandlwana camp, Zulu warriors were able to slip around the British forces and choose a strategic spot that helped them win the battle. The British firearms could not save them from the Zulu warriors’ traditional buffalo chest and horns (Knight & Hook, 2002). Conclusion Even thought both battles were on the same day, different incidences that led to differing outcomes took place. While fighting the Rorke’s Drift battle, the troops won because they were organized, ready and did not underestimate the Zulu warriors. However, at the Lsandlwana battle, the troops were disorganized, unprepared and underestimated the capability of the Zulu warriors thus culminating to their defeat (Knight & Hook, 2002). References Knight, I., & Hook, A. (2002). Isandlwana 1879: the great Zulu victory . Long Island City, NY: Osprey Publishing
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American National Identity in Western Films Essay Western is a significant genre in modern cinematography, though its history and significance are controversial and are actively discussed in society. There is an opinion that the Western film genre is an attempt to establish the identity of the American nation as dominated by male representatives of Anglo-Saxon culture. Such an assumption may be genuine for the origins of Westerns, but now this genre is much more complicated and broader. Western has a complex history and rich heritage and is a worldwide genre representing values and beliefs of many different nations and national environments, illustrating people’s lives from a specific “Western” perspective. First of all, Westerns cannot be identified in a primitive way because nowadays, the genre does not only relate to the national identity of Americans. For instance, Gonzalez argues that Western is not a national genre anymore as it has become a transnational phenomenon that “has been received and interpreted differently in diverse national contexts” (257). In other words, there is much more to the genre, which now demonstrates specificities of various nations and cultures, including civil authorities and the relationships between the Middle East and the American West (Gonzalez 258). A specific term introduced by Miller and Van Riper – “international Westerns” unites the corresponding films into a large group of cinematic works (Gonzalez 258). Cinematic internationalism, or transnationalism, is associated with the film and all stages of its production, including distribution, exhibition, and reception (Gonzalez 259). Western films may have started as an attempt to institutionalize the American national identity, but now it is a more complicated genre. Moreover, the Western genre films’ primary concern is not establishing the American national identity but the interpretation of national myths and epics. As Gonzalez claims, Westerns are a part of popular fiction that deconstructs and problematizes various foundational myths of the nation while presenting them from different perspectives (263). The researcher demonstrates that the Western genre is associated with the process described above as a part of cinematography in America, Ireland, Spain, France, and many other countries (Gonzalez 264). For instance, American Westerns illustrate the ideological implication of the American dream myth, whereas Irish Westerns refer to the legends of the Irish West associated with cultural nationalism in Ireland (Gonzalez 264). More importantly, Gonzalez states that Western films were related to the deconstruction and problematization of myths even in the period of the genre’s origins in America (263). Overall, the American national identity played a significant role in the Western film genre, but it was not its primary concern. Summing up, Western is a complicated genre with a rich heritage associated with many countries worldwide, their national specificities, and cultures, illustrating them from a “Western” perspective. First, the Western genre is a part of American history, but it is also associated with the cultures of other countries as it has become a transnational genre. Nowadays, Western films are present globally, applying the so-called “Western” perspective to the issues of a particular country and its nation and culture. Second, Western films’ primary concern has never been the American national identity but the interpretation and deconstruction of various myths and epics. Each nation has its foundational myths, and the Western genre has always aimed to address those myths, interpreting them from a cinematic perspective. In other words, Western films are a highly complex part of modern cinematography, and the American national identity is neither their only nor primary concern. Work Cited Gonzalez, Jesus Angel. “Foundational Myths and National Identity in European Transnational Post-Westerns.” Western American Literature, vol. 54, no. 3, 2019, pp. 257-294.
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“There Will Be Blood” Drama by P. Anderson Essay (Movie Review) Introduction There Will Be Blood by Paul Thomas Anderson is the most critically-acclaimed historical drama movie of 2007. In a thrillingly candid manner, the movie depicts the story of an oilman who embarks on a quest for oil riches during the Southern California oil boom. The aim of this paper is to review There Will Be Blood and provide readers with a persuasive material of sufficient weight to convince them to see the film. Review The main character of the movie, Daniel Plainview, is a prospector who in the process of mining an ore vein discovers oil and creates a drilling company. After one of his miners dies in a horrific accident, the businessman adopts his orphaned son, H.W. Daniel uses the boy in order to pose as a family man before people willing to invest in his company. Later, the businessman acquires a piece of land rich in oil and starts an incredibly lucrative operation allowing him to prosper. There Will Be Blood should be seen by those viewers who are interested in a masterful portrayal of brutal force of ruthless chicanery that goes beyond categories. The movie’s scenes of awesome scope are replete with poignant intensity of Daniel’s ambition that can be only matched by unparalleled brutality of his character. The nature of scorching brutality depicted in There Will Be Blood is on the par with a natural disaster in the sense that it is impossible to turn one’s gaze away from it. Therefore, the movie’s power to pierce its audience as a ramrod makes it what it is—a beautiful beast of cinematography. Those who are willing to feast their eyes on the magnificent creature have to remember that experience comes with a toll: it will be impossible to be indifferent to coarse and animalistic nature of capitalism after watching the movie. More than two hours of Daniel’s quest for an unholy grail in an oil-rich desert, show how crude and monstrous a drive for money can be. The movie reminds its audience of Mr. Bernstein’s argument in Citizen Kane , in which he posits that it is not hard to become enormously wealthy if it is all one wishes to become. Indeed, Daniel’s unrestrained ambition drives him to get up after each fall and without pity and regret burst into flames of greed. He would certainly be at the top of simian hierarchy if he were placed on Darwinian continuum. Not unlike a corporate CEO, whose only interest is a bottom line of their company, the businessman explores oil wells and people around him. Harmful effects and toxic nature of capitalism are especially evident in this dark, American success story when Daniel with wolfish perversity becomes a formidable opponent of his stepson, his brother impostor, and a priest. Conclusion There Will Be Blood is a consummate work of art that offers its audience a chance to glance into a dark and oily well of human consciousness. The movie opens an ocean of greed punctuated by a deep voice of the oil businessman that draws viewers’ attention like a potent magnet. There Will Be Blood is a story that cannot be missed because not only does it transcend its historical context by providing its audience with invaluable insights into the devastating nature of capitalism, but it is also an unapologetically aesthetic piece of cinematography.
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Biological and Genetic Influences on Criminality Report Criminality is influenced by diverse social factors and reflects social situation in a particular country. Also, critics and researchers underline that rates of criminality depends upon biological and genetic influences as drivers of antisocial behavior patterns. The relationship between biological and genetic characteristics and the life consequence of criminal behavior is observed for other events: life expectancy, mobility, automobile accidents, and suicide. Biological influences on criminality are evident in sex differences between males and females. Sex of a person makes it possible to experience various life consequences. The belief that females, who are supposedly physically more weak, are mistreated more often is also inaccurate. Aside from rape, the only individual crime for which women are victimized more than men is robbery with contact. Men are twice as likely to be the victim of an assault or a robbery and 50 percent more likely to experience some crime of theft. Men are also the victims of strangers more than females. Some 72 percent of all personal crimes of violence against males involve strangers, compared with only 57 percent of the violent crimes against females. This connection holds for property crimes as well. Therefore, the idea that physically weaker people constantly fall prey to the criminal has no foundation in fact. Neither females nor older people are particularly prone to criminal victimization. On the contrary, they are considerably less likely to be victims than their counterparts. But, the lifestyles of these community groups may explain this fact better than their actual vulnerability to criminals (Wright et al 2008). Human biology and genetics are the two personal attributes most closely tied to antisocial behavior. Heredity and race are also related. Contrary to what one might expect, the differences among groups are not dramatic. Blacks are more frequently victims of violence than others, while whites experience property crimes at higher rates than other ethnic and racial groups. For crimes of violence, robbery accounts for the higher rate experienced by blacks. Blacks are almost three times more likely than whites to be a robber’s victim. For property crimes, blacks are more vulnerable to purse-snatching and pocket-picking than whites, but whites experience higher rates of larceny without contact. This general pattern of oppression is consistent across ethnic lines. Individuals of Hispanic and African-American background are more prone to violent ill-treatment but less likely to suffer property crime than non-Hispanics (Beaver, 2008) Genetic predisposition may lead to antisocial inclinations and increase a possibility of criminal behavior patterns. The cultural ties associated with family income, race, and ethnicity also affect with whom one associates and the places of those associations. Housing, transportation, privacy, and leisure-time factors are related to income as well as to racial and ethnic segregation. To the extent that crime varies according to place and event, individuals from different income levels and racial and ethnic groups will experience crime to varying degrees. The chances of criminal victimization appear to vary according to the time a person spends in public places, particularly at night, the proportion of time spent with non-offenders, and degree to which a person shares unique biological characteristics with offenders. The decrease in official statistics is accomplished by simply changing the techniques for recording complaints. When the same departments are faced with budget cuts and fierce competition for scarce resources with the fire department, sanitation workers, and other local agencies, indications that crime is increasing and law enforcement is imperative becomes socially advantageous (Wright et al 2008). Researchers (Wright et al 2008) admit that the young, male, unmarried or divorced, and poor face higher risks of criminal victimization. According to researchers, individuals characterized by more than one of these variables have exceedingly high victimization rates. By biological age, individuals differ in mobility, exposure to others, and time spent outside the home. Very young children are not often exposed to criminal victimization because few activities involving that age-group occur outside the home. They are under the constant supervision and protection of an adult. This pattern begins to change when a young individual starts school. The individual spends greater amounts of time away from home with non-family members. With adulthood, lifestyle shifts again. Job and familial responsibilities buffer a person from antisocial environments. As one progresses through adulthood, mobility, interpersonal contacts, and the external world become more and more restricted. Fear of crime also increases with age, contributing to the further reduction in exposure to victimization as older adults avoid unsafe places (Beaver, 2008) In sum, biology and genetic factors have a great impact on a person and his/her behavior patterns. Individuals from the antisocial families experience the highest rates of victimization for most crimes. Household larceny and motor vehicle thefts (where wealthy families are more likely to be victimized) are the two exceptions to this pattern. The biological factors lead to violent crime. This is true for all violent crimes except rape, where women from poor families are nine times more likely to be attacked than women from wealthy families. Another important difference among income categories is that poor individuals are much more likely to be seriously injured when robbed or assaulted than more affluent individuals. Still, genetic factors dominate among all social groups in spite of their income level. References Beaver, K.M. (2008). Biosocial Criminology: A Primer. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co.; 1 edition. Wright, J.P. Tibbetts, S.G. Daigle, L.E. (2008). Criminals in the making: Criminality across the life course, Sage Publications, Inc.
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They produced our most sacred philosophical texts, upon which many of the thoughts of today are based, and innovative ideas regarding government, society, and the way we learn. The armies of Alexander the Great expanded Greek influence throughout the early world, making a great deal of their knowledge and science available to the peoples they conquered while still practicing many of their ideologies by allowing these peoples to retain their basic infrastructures and religious affiliations. By the end of the Greek period, many significant achievements had been made in science and philosophy. Greek thinkers had gained a view of a universe in which the world was round and participated in an intricate dance through the heavens with other bodies named after the gods they revered. Sophistication in mathematics led to the development of geometry which enabled the ancient Greeks to discover even more, including how to determine direction while at sea and scientists were beginning to investigate the elements of earth, air, fire, and water (Williams, 1999). Engineers were beginning to understand the physics of the earth’s natural processes and put them to effective use while others were learning more about anatomy and medicine to better heal their sick or, more probably, wounded. All of these wonderful advancements in science, technology, art, and architecture left records of their existence even after Greek society declined, but dance, with its freedom of movement, unfamiliar musical styles, and now obsolete instruments, is less clearly defined. For this reason, dance is often considered the worst of the classic arts. The difficulty in determining the actual form in which dance was performed in ancient times is illustrated through the work of an early 20 th -century dancer, Isadora Duncan. Duncan performed what she referred to as ‘free dance,’ which was based on “flowing natural movements that emanated, she said, from the solar plexus. She aimed to idealize abstractly the emotions induced by the music that was her motivating force” (“Modern Dance”, 2003). Many of these movements were based on the forms and figures seen on ancient Greek relics and the descriptions of dance found in ancient texts. Her selected means of described her dancing style is also hauntingly familiar to the original intentions of the oriental dance that was becoming all the craze among the young men of the western world at that time, which were probably also strongly influenced by earlier expressions of dance found throughout the Mediterranean in earlier times. While her style of dance diverged into new areas of contemporary movements, her interest in the expressiveness of dance continued to inspire later dancers to explore the various ways in which dance could connect them with their bodies and the world around them, eventually leading them back, as it almost must, to the concepts of traditional oriental dance. Although she managed to innovate to a great extent, there was no way she could fully capture the essence of ancient dance just as her successors, without the benefit of adequate video recording equipment, have only been able to guess at many of Duncan’s concepts. As the above description indicates, there are numerous indications that dance played a large role in ancient civilizations. Homer included mention of the dance throughout his writings, indicating that Penelope’s suitors in The Odysseus occupy their time with music and dancing while Odysseus himself is also entertained with dancing. In Plutarch’s work, when Theseus and the other Athenian youths escape from the Minotaur, they participate in a dance of celebration. “The dances of the ancient times are characterized as dances of war or dances of peace. The latter are distinguished in dances of theater, religious and worshiping dances, martial dances, symposia dances, mourning dances, etc. Each type of presentation – tragedy, comedy, and satirical play – had its characteristic dances, some staid and solemn, some featuring lewd miming with phallic props” (Lahanas, 2008). Images of these dances appear on numerous pieces of artwork scattered throughout the ancient world. Examples include the Dancing Satyr sculpture at the Louvre, the Dance in Armor found at the Vatican Museum, and a terra cotta dancing girl found at the British Museum. However, all of these figures, paintings, and sculptures present a static, single-frame image of what these dances looked like at a particular step, not how the entire dance was performed, the tempo at which it was played, the degree of fluctuation among individuals and the interplay of the dancers as they utilized the performance space. Because dance is so loosely defined and the possibility of recording it has only been available in recent decades, it is a poor indicator of ancient culture and expression. The example provided by Isadora Duncan highlights the difficulty of attempting to find accurate means of recapturing ancient expressions even as attempts to duplicate her work only a decade later continued to prove ineffective. If dance cannot be recaptured within a decade by direct followers of the dancer, how might one expect dances thousands of years old to be preserved through the conquering of nations and the decline of culture? This impossibility is precisely why dance is considered the worst of the classic arts. Works Cited Lahanas, Michael. “Ancient Greek Dance.” (2008). Web. “Modern Dance.” The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia. Columbia University Press, (2003). Web. Williams, Henry Smith. A History of Science. Vol. 1. Seattle, WA: The World Wide School, 1999.
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Preservation vs. Conservation Essay All of us depend upon our planet’s state of health. The preservation and protection of its health imply reasonable use of our natural resources, the restoration of the environment which we spoil with our existence, i.e. exhaust the soil and pollute the air and water. The majority of ecological crises arise because of people interfering with normal natural processes, without understanding the dangers that might threaten them. Additionally, the relations in our ecosystem can resemble an artful design of various interrelations of each live species with many other live and inorganic objects. Such relations allow organisms not only to survive but also to maintain the balance among themselves and the resources. For example, the vegetation is inseparably linked with the regulation of water level and air humidity, and it is necessary for the maintenance of the balance of oxygen and carbonic gas in the atmosphere. Due to the complex nature of the relations in ecosystems, the disturbance of one of their parts or the removal of one of its objects can influence the functioning of many other components. Accordingly, due to the incomplete knowledge of these relations, the results of such disturbances are substantially unpredictable. In light of the aforementioned, this paper analyzes practices of maintaining ecosystems such as preservation and conservation, outlining their main differences as well as their implementations. It should be noted that the terms preservation and conservation are often confused in regard to their practices and goals. In that sense, the general difference can be seen in that “Conservation” commonly is taken to refer to intelligent use of resources in the service of human wants and needs, whereas “preservation” commonly is taken to refer to leaving nature alone for its own sake.” (Varner, 1998, p. 123) In regard to conservation, there is a distinction between two categories of natural resources that should be acknowledged, i.e. resources that are renewable and resources that are not. The first category includes such resources as forests, wild animals, water, land and etc. The second category includes such resources as coal, gas, oil, minerals and etc. Thus, conservation implies “a management style that uses nature intelligently and efficiently” (Varner, 1998, p. 124), i.e. using resources in the first category at a particular rate so they can be renewed, and reasonably using the resources in the second category so they can remain for future generations. In that sense, an example of conservation practice can be seen through planting trees initiatives, where such contribution, in addition to keeping the area green, manages renewable resources. Additionally, wild animals programs help to maintain the biodiversity balance in both directions, i.e. the decreased or the increased population of specific animals, e.g. deer management programs. (“Urban Deer Management,” 2009). Preservation, on the other hand, implies that certain areas on the planet remain untouched. In that regard, it cannot be said that preservation is more natural practice the conservation, where both practices can be met in neutral point. Preservation, as a duty can be seen through the definition of an ecosystem, An ecosystem has maintained its integrity… if it retains (1) the total diversity of the system – the sum total of the species and associations that have held sway historically – and (2) the systematic organization which maintains that diversity… (Varner, 1998). In that regard, interference within the ecosystem can be seen as the disturbance factor mentioned earlier, in that a slight influence on an object or a part of an object will result in shifting the balance in nature. An example of the practice of preservation can be seen through natural regulation, i.e. a protected area where its community of organisms does not interfere with humans and the balance of the ecosystem is kept by the nature. (Raven, Berg, & Hassenzahl, 2008) In that regard, it can be seen that natural regulation is a sort of preservation with the exception that preservation might maintain certain human influence in certain cases, while natural regulation implies non-involvement in any case. Some criticism has been given to the natural regulation approach stating that the natural balance does not exist, where parts of the ecosystem vary independently of human interference (Dovel, 2008). Thus, it can be seen that preservations and conservation mostly vary in two directions, where in the first direction the interference of people in managerial, while in the second approach is rather observational. Another distinction is in the form of ideology and perception. If summarizing in one phrase, the ideology of conservation can be stated as “development with the least harm”, while preservation can be stated as “save at least what is left.” Summarizing the paper, it can be seen that conservation is more directed toward a neutral position where the interests of humankind are accordingly considered, while preservation puts the emphasis on nature. The natural regulation in that matter can be seen as an approach that despite being related to preservation as a concept, it lacks the best features of both approaches. References 1. Dovel, G. (2008). The Truth about Our Wildlife Managers’ Plan to Restore “Native” Ecosystems. Western Institute for Study of Environment. 2. Raven, P. H., Berg, L. R., & Hassenzahl, D. M. (2008). Environment (6th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. 3. Urban Deer Management. (2009). Stevens Point. 4. Varner, G. E. (1998). In nature’s interests? : interests, animal rights, and environmental ethics , Environmental ethics and science policy series. Web.
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Company 2. Missions and visions of Athenahealth 3. Objectives of Athenahealth 4. Issues facing Athenahealth 5. Works Cited Company Todd Park and Jonathan bush were pivotal in the formation of Athenahealth in 1997. The success of the company is, however, attributed to the effort of hired consultants from other companies. Training medical claims underwriters in the country were the primary vision of the company. This proved futile due to the nature of the healthcare environment and forced the company to diversify into software development (Udell, 28). This software enhances practice management services by physicians through the provision of an an-easy-to-use interface. After a series of frustrating failures, the company reinvented itself to focus on software products for healthcare facilities in the United States (Udell, 29). Missions and visions of Athenahealth As stated in the mission statement of Athenahealth, the company endeavors to be the most trusted service provider in the healthcare sector. According to the chairman of the company, innovative technology and the commitment of the people enabled the company to provide crucial assistance to physicians. Athenahealth envisions an institution with a strong foundation and the ability to offer support services to physicians across the country and beyond (Adler-Milstein and Robert, 351). Objectives of Athenahealth Athenahealth seeks to provide high quality, state of the art electronic health record software to hospitals in the country. It also endeavors to enhance the management and leadership abilities of physicians and healthcare professionals through quality training opportunities. Finally, the company seeks to provide a connection between the physicians and the patients to enhance service delivery (Udell, 27). Issues facing Athenahealth Despite the progress made by the company in the provision of the management healthcare system to healthcare facilities, it has faced a number of challenges. The inability of hospitals to upgrade their information technology systems limits the company’s entry into new markets. The Einhorn saga also affected the reputation of the company after it was implicated (Gold, 358). Works Cited Adler-Milstein, Julia, and Robert Huckman. “The Impact Of Electronic Health Record Use On Physician Productivity.” American Journal of Managed Care 19.1 (2013): 345-352. Print. Udell, Melody. “10 Minutes with Rob Cosinuke.” Marketing Health Services 34.3 (2014): 28-31. Print.
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It is indeed an excellent family comedy because it evokes all sorts of nostalgia. Mainly, it reminded me of the childhood times when my parents would leave me alone, and I could do anything I wanted. Yet, I had mixed emotions being on my own in the empty apartment – I could sense weird noises coming from the middle of nowhere, or it was simply my imagination getting on my nerves. As far as the audience is concerned, Home Alone is a traditional Christmas comedy; yet, I assume one can watch it any time of year just to make a day better and recall Christmas family evenings. The main character is a young boy named Kevin who is featured by Macaulay Culkin. The guy is celebrating Christmas with his family, which enlarges since all the relatives gather for this winter holiday. Kevin dislikes being surrounded by numerous kids who constantly tease him and dreams that his family would disappear one day (Hughes). When his dream comes true, and he finds himself in the empty apartment, Kevin starts doing every little thing his parent would forbid: he eats ice cream for breakfast, plays video games, and watches violent films. While he is enjoying his loneliness, Kevin’s parents realize they accidentally left their child at home before flying to Paris for a Christmas trip (Hughes). Yet, Kevin demonstrates himself as a young but increasingly responsible housekeeper and even protects his home from burglars. To my mind, the actors chosen to perform each character have done a perfect job since they have managed to transmit their feelings, intentions, and emotions to the audience. Despite the fact that the film is primarily associated with Macaulay Culkin, the rest of the actors have contributed significantly to the movie’s atmosphere. Joe Pecsi deserves special attention since his acting was stunning and witty. What makes the film unique is the character’s personal traits – they are all different, at times, contradictory, but they make up a real movie family. In general, the actors performed at a high level, which made the film increasingly believable and indeed brought it to life. Not solely the plot and acting make the movie atmospheric, but the scriptwriters, camera operators, and composer just did a fantastic job to entertain the audience. I believe the scenario was well-elaborated because, despite numerous events, there was no confusion between the scenes and the heroes. Moreover, the dialogues are just witty and hilarious; it almost felt like a comedy show even in the appalling moments. The filmmakers ingeniously used camera angles to set the tone in the film. For instance, a spectator could observe adult characters from Kevin’s perspective and vice versa. Besides, there is a beautiful background music theme throughout the whole movie. It is almost like a second character who leads the audience through the story. In conclusion, I would restate my viewpoint that this film can surely lift one’s mood. Everything seems perfectly balanced in the story: characters, acting, music, editing, dialogues, and other details. Actors played a major role in transmitting a true Christmas atmosphere to the audience. I would recommend watching this classic of the genre to those who have not done it yet because it evokes pleasant childhood memories. Work Cited Home Alone . Directed by John Hughes, performance by Macaulay Culkin, Hughes Entertaiment, 1990.
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Whether Network Neutrality Should Continue or Not Case Study Network neutrality and why the internet so far has worked under it Network neutrality, also in a short form referred to as net neutrality, is more of a freedom call for the internet users not to be restricted by internet service providers on the web content they can access or that they can upload on the web. According to Farber, this has made it a grand issue on a policy that is bound to change the use of the internet by both businesses and individuals. At its inception, the internet has continued to run under this principle which has been instrumental to its growth and new ideas. Farber goes on to explain how the concept of evenly balanced access to web content has contributed to the drastic growth seen in internet use. Those for and against network neutrality and their reasons The customers of the network providers support network neutrality and propose a regulation that will favor them. They argue that allowing broadband carriers to manipulate what is accessed online would be detrimental to the principles behind the success of the internet (Farber 451). Farber goes on to illustrate that shortly, a huge number of web users will face restrictions from internet service providers who discriminate against certain online activities. Stakeholders in the internet industry have pushed for legislation to control internet principles. Most suggest that broadband carriers are impartial and will not protect proper legislation. New trends on the internet will limit the choice of broadband carriers. The legislation should control the activity of the broadband carriers. Control of information should not be left to the carriers as they may be biased. This will result in total domination of the online services by the carriers. The take of the network providers on the matter is from a different angle. They believe that the extra mile they take is not appreciated when they spend a lot of their resources on network infrastructure. Other companies which are their customers do not pay more yet they use this infrastructure so heavy that strains the network maintenance budget. As Faber explains, the strategy of the internet service providers is therefore differentiation of price charges about bandwidth consumed by content delivery on the internet. Service providers argue that this is fair considering that a fraction of less than 10% of its customers uses more than half the capacity of the local network without extra pay. Impact of tiered service on corporations, individual users, and government organizations When access to the internet is based on one’s ability to pay and their significance, then the largest losers will be individual users who cannot compete with government organizations or corporate institutions. With priority given to premium users, then the individual users will either lose connectivity or be limited in their access to websites. Further, it would enhance socio-economic classism with the rich few accessing information that others cannot because of their inability to pay for it. Why I am in favor of network neutrality being enforced by legislation By legislation enforcing it, unwarranted discrimination will be prevented to earn money at the expense of our freedom. Also, legislation is grounded on the law and every person found culpable will be prosecuted according to the law.
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According to the article, this may not be the most suitable time for financial innovations given the current global economic problems and the industries regulatory overhaul though the current environment looks perfect for stimulating finance’s innovative products. With new regulations necessitated by the crisis, as known, these new regulations spark differences of creativity as the “financial engineers try to turn around the new policies and also gain from them. Martin Chavez, a head of a team of financial experts at Goldman Sachs, says that when a customer wants to take up a specific risk and there is no general solution at hand to the customer’s, it the work of the financial experts at the bank to come up with a derivative that suits the customer’s call rather than say ‘no thanks’ to the customer (The Economist online, 2012). Sometimes clients want things to happen faster at a time when yields are low, risk is high and the need for investment packages which are designed to assume greater risk can’t put a ceiling on possible losses. Thus, investment banks prefer derivatives-based answers which will promise minimum costs and allow for a restricted amount of returns. Investors are now turning their interests to hedging which is proving vital as asset allocation. With the need for financial inventiveness to meet the market demands, the investment banker needs meticulous financial management. According to Julie Winkler, working with CME, there are three process for innovation: First, investigation, this ascertains whether the market demands a given product; second, creation, contract conditions are laid out and tests carried out on a small group of voluntary individuals; and, third, validation stage, correspondence from a bigger group of the company departments. However, investment banks are left with the difficulty of ascertaining the erudition of a client. When an innovation is put in the market, by description it’s not systemic as it may not go well with the intended buyers and sellers, the system regulators and the taxpayers thus it should not have a scale where their flaws can shock the economy. Basis risk is always a big difficulty for investors. David Howell, the CEO of Pacific Life Re, states, “Investors want something tradable, where they don’t have to make actuarial judgments and can have standardized products.” Many of the derivatives, such as pension funds, require a lot of actuarial expertise at least to say for the normal investor, therefore need for index-based transactions which can be used as a reference point for buyers. Indices such as rates for quantifying mortality improvement can be used as a reference point for a pension fund buyer (Dalio, 2012). However, there is a need for a market-architect to fill the gap between these two industry players; re-insurer, insurer or investment bank which has the expertise to transact with sellers and is keen to assume the basis risk of indices-based transactions to drive it out to capital markets that is, buyers and sellers. There is also the longevity risk, which can take decades to come out. That generates another disparity since a bond buyer or seller generally wants to lock up his/her money for about 5 to 10 years and could be short of time as to work as a helpful hedge against individuals living longer. In conclusion, the article states that there are demanding efforts and risks in creating the financial innovations market. The article suggests that there is need for standardization for its development. As learnt from the economic woes, where some financial market players held a lot of this basis risk and others transferred it to the investors who couldn’t sustain it, intermediaries should be keen in the management of the basis risk, as they could have managed it well and the crisis could not have occurred. References Dalio, R., 10 th Mar 2012. Man and machine: The economic ideas of the world’s most successful hedge-fund boss. The Economist. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/finance-and-economics/2012/03/10/man-and-machine The Economist online, 25 th Feb 2012. How innovation happens: The ferment of finance. The Economist. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/special-report/2012/02/25/the-ferment-of-finance
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Pan Asianism, Nationalism and Transnationalism Essay Pan Asianism is a combination of ideas and movements that advocate for consolidation and collaboration of Asian nations to free themselves from the western influences. Pan Asianism resulted from a number of reasons. The Asian countries believed they could unite in combating European imperialism. European countries were believed to have political, economic and military influence and dominance in Asian countries. Pan Asianism gained popularity in the early 20 th century from the resistance of European foreign involvement in Asia. Europe’s political setup and theories were not a favorite and compatible to Asian countries’ beliefs and practices. Some of the political values from Europe were the human rights and freedom which greatly contradicted Chinese communism and the Indians individualism. Pan Asianism attractiveness was heightened by conflicting interest between the European states and the Asians states (Beasley, 211). Pan Asianism is strongly related to Russo- Japanese’s war of 1904-1905. The war was between Japan and Russia. It culminated from conflict of interest and revolted between Manchuria and Korea. Japan had adopted European ideologies and technologies by the late 19 th century thereby becoming one of the industrialized imperials in Asia (Beasley, 181). Late in that century Japan had emerged victor in a war with China and acquired its territories including Port Arthur. Later, in order to quell the boxer rebellion in China, Russia occupied Manchuria where Port Arthur was located. The Russians later refused to vacate the area even after the deadline passed. Possession of Port Arthur did not auger well to Japan. Russia had absorbed some of the Asian states and was in great need of a frost free port. Port Arthur was the favorite since its port of Vladivostok could operate only during summer. Japan and Russia had interest in Korea and had managed to coexist. The refusal of Russia to vacate from Manchuria triggered Japan to get hostile. Russia had proposed to abandon Korea in exchange of Manchuria since they believed Japan could never have contemplated going to war with them. This was what triggered Japan to enter into war with Russia over Manchuria. Japan finally emerged victor. Pan Asianism was the sole fuel to this war as Japan wanted to expand its interest in Asia in opposition of the western states (Beasley, 196). There were different versions of pan Asianism which ranged from political, cultural, economic and military aspects. Cultural independence was seen to be at stake since the Europeans had different cultures, Tōa dōbunkai was a cultural version of pan Asianism. Asian countries had unity in using the Chinese characters. The Asian religions were similar and were far much unrelated to Christianity which was practiced by the western states. Politically, the western countries were colonizing the Asian countries. Pan Asianism strongly opposed this since it wanted to maintain its political independence. Gen’yōsha and Kokuryūkai were the other version groups of pan Asianism (Espiritu, 163). Pan Asianism was well demonstrated in Japan. Japan was the center where scholars and leaders of pan Asianism would meet and openly discuss their affairs. Various pan Asianism groups were founded in Japan under their influence. After Japan defeated china and Russia it joined the ranks of colonial powers. During world war I Japan was pushing for a movement that it named Asia for Asians, this demonstrates pan Asianism in Japan as the movement would kick out the colonizers. During 1930 to 1940 Japan had military expansion which were also expressed in official pan Asianism declarations “New Order in East Asia” and the “Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere”( Gi-Wook, 124). Finally, pan Asianism can be attributed to having liberalized Asian people from European domination. It can also be likened to the great East Asia wars thus it can be called war to liberalize Asia. Pan Asianism has played an important role in intellectual discourse and development of East Asia. Works Cited Beasley W.G. Collected writings New Yolk: Routledge, 2001 Gi-Wook Shin. Ethnic nationalism in Korea: genealogy, politics, and legacy Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 2006 Yen Le Espiritu. Asian American panethnicity: bridging institutions and identities Philadelphia:Temple University Press, 1992
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Pakistan as a Garment Manufacturing Country Research Paper Table of Contents 1. Strengths 2. Weaknesses 3. Opportunities 4. Threats 5. Works Cited Strengths When considering the factors that will help propel an organization to the top of the Pakistani apparel market, one will have to give the local companies credit for creating all premises for the identified industry to flourish. Textile production is currently the largest manufacturing industry in the state. Therefore, the availability of raw materials, as well as the services of numerous suppliers, allows creating an impressive supply management chain. The fact that the state is currently among the top producers of cotton also deserves to be mentioned among the primary success factors. Furthermore, Pakistan has a unique culture and traditions that still define the lifestyles of its residents. Thus, the clothes created by the company that takes the specifics of the local culture into account are bound to be unique and authentic to the members of the global community. Thus, the organization cooperating with the Pakistani suppliers will be capable of creating a memorable and easily recognizable brand image and brand product. Consequently, the foundation for developing a strong competitive advantage in the global market and establishing itself among the target audiences will be possible (Sanchez-Triana et al. 18). Weaknesses Unfortunately, Pakistan has some weaknesses as a garment manufacturing country, and these weaknesses can become barriers to the successful entry of the companies operating in the target industry. First and most obvious, the issues associated with the R&D options need to be addressed. Because of the lack of emphasis on the significance of innovative approaches and products, the country does not provide extensive opportunities for R&D actions. Thus, it will be quite complicated to come up with an original idea that will serve as the groundbreaking concept in the garment manufacturing industry. Furthermore, the fact that cotton remains one of the most common raw materials causes suppliers to neglect the opportunities for producing other types of fabric. Hence, product diversity is likely to be very low for a garment manufacturing company operating in Pakistan. The lack of quality standards is also likely to affect the firm’s chances to succeed. Consequently, building a substantial competitive advantage is bound to be rather difficult (Qi et al. 81). Opportunities Low costs and the opportunity to reduce the expenses to an even greater degree may become the basis for investing in marketing. Thus, a wider range of customers can be attracted. Furthermore, the chances for creating a brand product that will attract prospective customers’ attention and stand out from a range of similar products will emerge. In addition, by reducing costs, the company working in the Pakistani environment will be able to invest in the quality of the end product. The identified step can be accomplished in a variety of ways, from establishing tighter control over the production processes to purchasing raw materials of the highest quality. As long as the organization applies a sustainable approach toward the allocation of its financial resources, success is guaranteed (Bhatti et al. 1178). Threats The possibility of being affected by the political instability of the region and, therefore, failing to use the available financial resources in a sustainable and adequate way should be deemed as the primary threat that Pakistan as the environment for building a garment manufacturing organization poses to entrepreneurs. In addition to the political confrontations that may hamper business development, new entries in the garment manufacturing industry should be viewed as a significant threat. Seeing that new company often incorporate innovative technologies into the set of their techniques and design unique brand products, establishing a presence in the identified environment may become a problem. In other words, there is a threat that new entries will oust the company from the market (Ghafoor and Zafar 79). Works Cited Bhatti, Muhammad Sultan, et al. “Current Trends and Identification of Critical Factors that are Hindrance in the Progress of Leather Industry in Pakistan.” International Journal of Multidisciplinary and Current Research , vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1176-1180. Ghafoor, Abdul, and Mehboob Zafar. “Determinants of Leather Exports from Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis.” VFAST Transactions on Education and Social Sciences , vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 77-86. Qi, Ershi, et al. Proceedings of the 5th International Asia Conference on Industrial Engineering and Management Innovation (IEMI2014). Springer, 2014. Sanchez-Triana, Ernesto, et al. Revitalizing Industrial Growth in Pakistan: Trade, Infrastructure, and Environmental Performance . World Bank Publications, 2014.
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Alternatives or Other Complexities in Adjusting Discount Rates Research Paper Introduction When determining the economic efficiency of a certain project, one of the main complexities is the rationale and choice of the discount rate since it serves as the important parameter of the surrounding economic environment. Capital budget decisions depend not only on how correctly and efficiently future cash flows are estimated. The adopted discount rate has a significant effect on the result of calculations. In other words, any project can be made profitable by lowering this parameter in estimated calculations. At the same time, work can be disadvantageous if this indicator is increased. Therefore, an accurate justification for the discount rate is the first step in determining the effectiveness of budget allocation, which is particularly relevant in terms of debt. Complexities in Adjusting Discount Rates and the Influence of Debt In case the definition of the capital structure for a particular project is determined, the discount rate becomes alternating, or step-by-step, which complicates the assessment of efficiency. As an example, it is possible to bring any company that takes much credit for its work. As the project is implemented and the debt is repaid, the share of equity capital and, therefore, the discount rate, will increase (Sarofim and Giordano 1016). On the other hand, for creditors and the firm itself, the risk should be reduced in order to conduct productive and profitable activities. Hence, this calculation option reflects the value of the discount rate inadequately. In general, using the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) as the discount rate has significant advantages since it can be used to make a conclusion regarding possible alternatives to the use of resources. In particular, it can be the return of money to shareholders and creditors in proportion to their contributions. However, this indicator has certain limitations for its use, which can complicate the work process. For instance, it is a constant value, but during the implementation of the project, it can change if additional capital is raised. Also, as Bova remarks, WACC averages all the risks of the company, while the threats of projects can vary greatly in their degree and nature (50). Using this indicator as a discount rate suggests that the internal rate of return (IRR) should be higher than the cost of capital (Bova 50). Finally, WACC includes risk adjustment, which is then included in the compound interest calculation formula. Companies’ managers cannot be sure that threats will increase gradually with the same rate for all investments. Thus, using the weighted average cost of capital as a discount rate allows the deeper assessment of a particular economic situation. Beta for the Influence of Debt When the debt-equity ratio changes, the beta of the firm remains the same. As Sarofim and Giordano note, it is easy to see that an increase in the debt-equity ratio leads to an increase in the beta-coefficient on the company’s shares (1019). It looks logical since high ratio leads to the fluctuations of the firm’s profit after paying taxes (Bova 51). Conversely, a decrease in the debt-equity ratio may lead to lowering the beta coefficient for the company’s shares because its profit becomes less susceptible to fluctuations if all the fees are paid. Conclusion The discount rate is an essential indicator that should be respected in the process of allocating capital budget funds. Some risks and complexities may arise when working with this variable. However, the timely assessment of changes can help to solve any problems and achieve stable profits, despite credit obligations. Beta for the influence of debt is the value that is also important in the calculation of financial activity, and its fluctuations affect the ratio of debt to equity significantly. Works Cited Bova, Francesco. “Discussion of Accounting for Biological Assets and the Cost of Debt.” Journal of International Accounting Research , vol. 15, no. 2, 2016, pp. 49-51. Sarofim, Marcus C., and Michael R. Giordano. “A Quantitative Approach to Evaluating the GWP Timescale Through Implicit Discount Rates.” Earth System Dynamics , vol. 9, no. 3, 2018, pp. 1013-1024.
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Change Evaluation, Its Techniques and Strategies Essay Table of Contents 1. Different Types of Evaluation 2. Quantitative Methods versus Qualitative Ones: How to Choose? 3. Challenges of a New Change Model 4. References Different Types of Evaluation There are a lot of methods and techniques, which let leaders and managers evaluate the effectiveness of the change they implement. Key Performance Indicators (or KPIs) are probably the most efficient ones. Key Performance Indicators present the information in the form of measurable variables and demonstrate the success of a company or a group in achieving particular objectives. Measuring the same values before the change implementation and then regularly during it, leaders can compare the results and make a conclusion about the progress or regress of the team. KPIs are different for every team and every task. For the same purpose, graphics, schemes, and diagram can be used. Just like KPIs, they are able to transform the information into quantitative values and enable leaders to make an analysis. Quantitative Methods versus Qualitative Ones: How to Choose? The primary aim of every method of evaluation described above is to provide quantitative data. It is easy to comprehend and useful for the further analysis. However, it is usually not enough. Let us consider the following situation. Gholami, Parsa, Shalviri, Sharifzadeh, and Assasi (2005), conducted a study aimed to find out the percentage of people who had the adverse effects while taking anti-infective drugs. They saved only quantitative data, which showed that 38 out of 460 patients complained about side reactions, 20 (42%) of those reactions were severe, and the majority of them were induced by antifungal and antituberculosis agents (Gholami et al., 2005). However, that information is not enough. The side effects of anti-infectives vary widely. How many people had stomach upset or nausea? Who complained about rashes, breath shortages? What patients had comorbidities, which could affect the results of the research? All of those nuances should be taken into consideration, and that is why qualitative methods are necessary. The prime examples of those are the individual and group interviews and observations. To conclude, before choosing between quantitative and qualitative methods, managers should determine whether they want to generalize the information or not. If there is any data that can not be presented only qualitatively, perhaps, the qualitative approach or a combination of both methods should be used. Challenges of a New Change Model According to the research conducted by Palmer (2015), only 15% of 120 transformational change programs that had been observed succeeded in achieving their goals (para. 7). Nearly 20% of those got relatively satisfactory results, and approximately 65% were deeply dissatisfied (Palmer, 2015, para. 7). Such kind of statistics can be explained by the challenges that leaders face while creating and implementing new change models. For example, the plan is not well-thought-out, or it is great but not suitable for a particular team. The model does not consider important nuances (for example, there is no method of evaluation). The model promises vague or insubstantial results. And this list can be greatly expanded. Still, as George Box, the professor of statistics, once said, “all models are wrong, but some are useful” (Patton, 2011, p. 123). Indeed, all of them have many drawbacks. Moreover, none is right and can be appropriate in every possible case or for every team. As a prime example, Kurt Lewin created his famous three-stage “unfreezing-change-refreeze” model, but Edgar Schein later decided that it needed some improvements (Wirth, 2004). Lippitt, Watson, and Westley (1958) did not find Lewin’s method spotless as well and supplemented it with four more stages. That is why Box says that all models are wrong. However, if the team is able to get through the challenges a model brings, then this model can actually be rather useful. To overcome the challenges of creating a new change approach, leaders should consider the basic principles of the old ones. Besides, they also should examine various critics, reviews and studies in relation to those. In such a case, there would be a chance to use the strengths and avoid the weaknesses of previous models. References Gholami, K., Parsa, S., Shalviri, G., Sharifzadeh, M., & Assasi, N. (2005). Anti-infectives-induced adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients. Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety, 14 (7), 501-506. Lippitt, R., Watson, J., & Westley, B. (1958). The dynamics of planned change . New York, NY: Harcourt, Brace and World. Palmer, J. (2015). Change Management in Practice: Why Does Change Fail? Web. Patton, M. Q. (2011). Developmental Evaluation: Applying Complexity Concepts to Enhance Innovation and Use . New York, NY: Guilford Press. Wirth, R. A. (2004). Lewin/Schein’s Change Theory . Web.
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In multiple diaries and memories, soldiers admit the fact that thousands of people, young and old ones, were inspired to join the troops and fight against the British Empire to gain freedom and protect the independence of their state (“This I can well remember,” n.d.). For this reason, in the first days of the war, mainly positive moods were dominant, and soldiers were sure that they are right in their struggle and were ready to stand their ground. However, many individuals also realized the complexity of the challenge and the fact that the British Empire is a powerful enemy, and the war would be difficult. Soldiers also witnessed multiple acts of violence, cruelty, and devastation. Soldiers of the British Army had to struggle against the whole nation, and sometimes they used inhumane methods. Buildings were turned into prisons, and the attitude to prisoners was severe (“This I can well remember,” n.d.). For this reason, American militaries were afraid of being captured and imprisoned. Moreover, some cities were punished or turned into camps or bases, which was another sign of that war. As far as the war took eight years, there were periods of British successes, and soldiers felt depressed and frustrated. The morale was low after serious defeats; however, many believed in the help of France and their ability to win (“This I can well remember,” n.d.). In such a way, the experience of a soldier fighting in the Revolutionary War was impacted by the reasons for the conflict, the moods that dominated in the society at that period of time, and the Army’s ability to struggle and resist a powerful enemy. Reference “ This I can well remember. ” Narratives of Revolutionary War veterans, 1830s. (n.d.). America in Class. Web.
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Los Angeles’s Geological Formation and Activities Essay Geology of Los Angeles Los Angeles boasts as one of the major cities in America. It is located on the pacific plate bordering the big bend of the SA fault. The city falls within the active fault of Western transverse Ranges. This means topographical changes are occurring around the city. Los Angeles in the past has experienced some natural disasters ranging from earthquakes to storms. Landslides and floods characterize some of the major disasters associated with the city. Several fossil deposits have been discovered around the city. Gradual classification and analysis of fossils date back to 1900. One of the well-known areas with fossil deposits is the La Brea Tar Pits. The pits or called Salt Creek are a source of more than 194 species of animals. The geological characteristics of the oilfields form a tourist attraction site. The tar pits are formed when oil deposits flow through fault fissures. With hot ground rocks, the high light part of the oil evaporates leaving the thick tar. The thick tar consolidates in pools forming the asphalt deposits. In the early years, asphalt remains were used in roofing and laminating fishing boats. During the excavation of the tar, animal bones or remains were discovered. The pioneer scientist to work in the tar field was Prof. J C Merriam. The University of California has capitalized on working on the archaeological site. The deposits recovered from the site are displayed at the Page Museum. Animal remains have shown that life around Los Angeles in the past 40 thousand years ago has not changed. Herbivorous and carnivorous remains found on the La Brae pits resemble those in the current state. Archaeologists have come up with generalizations of life then. These animal remains ended up here when they went hunting. The prey being chased by the predator got trapped by thick tar and died. Some of the fossils on display at the museum include smilodon californicus and C lupus furlong. Smilodon is one of the most common animals that were found in the pits. It is one of the saber-toothed predator animals of the cat family. The number of bones found there has gone beyond thousands thus representing thousands of a number of them in existence many years ago. Professor Merrian was one of the first archaeologists to discover it together with his students in the early 1930s. C lupus furlong is another fossil on display at the museum. The study of its remains has shown that the animal is classified in the group of gray wolves. The gray wolf is botanically called Canis lupus. It is recorded that in the period of Pleistocene, C lupus shared this zone with the group known as C dirus. C dirus is called in the layman’s language as a dire wolf. These remains form a great part of the Museum at the heart of Los Angeles. The geological formation of Los Angeles has changed over time. Topographical features present today represent artificial and natural makings. With disasters and human activities over time, natural features have become extinct. The exploitation of oil deposits at the La Brae pit led to the discovery of animal fossils deposits. Early scientists from the University of California made an impact and initiation of what is seen on display at Page Museum. Geological activities in Los Angeles take various directions depending on the catalysts and natural calamities.
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“Dawn” by Elie Wiesel Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Innocence 3. Loss 4. Murderer 5. Conclusion 6. Works Cited Introduction “ Throughout the course of Elisha’s journey through WWII and with the Freedom Fighter Movement, he develops different identities as a result of his loss, suffering, and guilt. Elisha transforms from and innocent child, to an adolescent filled with uncertainty to a man who has committed murder ”. Wiesel presents a perfect character development through Elisha from a torn childhood life to adult life. Innocence Elisha undergoes transformation throughout his life. At the age of 18, Elisha met Gad, who transformed his life completely. He says, “ Gad had recruited me for the Movement and brought me to Palestine. He had made me a terrorist ” (Wiesel 11). During the WW II, Elisha was in a prison camp of Buchenwald. However, the Americans liberated captives, but Elisha refused to go back home because he knew that he had “lost his parents and a house and land to foreigners” (Wiesel 11). In France, Elisha wanted to go to school and learn, but Gad came into his life and changed everything. He wanted to learn philosophy, “ The study of philosophy attracted me because I wanted to understand the meaning of the events of which I had been the victim ” (Wiesel 12). Loss Elisha believed in God, “ In the concentration camp I had cried out in sorrow and anger against God ” (Wiesel 12). According to Elisha, Gad was like God and the Hassidic messenger, who would not sit down. The narrator also lost faith in God. Wiesel shows that Elisha was a religious man because of constant references to prophets and God. Elisha expresses his experiences with Catherine at the camp. Catherine was the first person who showed him how to love. Elisha lost many of his friends to wars, and they would claim that, “This is war” as an attempt to justify its consequences. Wiesel shows the reader that after the Holocaust, life was never the same for survivors because they became lonely lots. Murderer Elisha changed from an innocent civilian to a murderer. Elisha knew that he would become a terrorist when he accepted Gad’s friendship. He believed that he had killed many people during raids at nights. Elisha did not have bad feelings about it, but the voice on the radio reminded him, “ He who has killed one man alone is a killer” (Wiesel 69). The narrator agreed to be a fighter in the movement for freedom, but he did not want to become a terrorist. Elisha found it difficult to believe that he was going to murder John Dawson, a person he did not even hate. However, he told Gad “I accept” (Wiesel 92). This was a difficult moment for Elisha, but he found a way to justify the killing through creating hatred, “ Hate- like faith or love or war- justified everything ” (Wiesel 97). The murder of John transformed Elisha’s life to a murderer of masses when he gave up his life to the terrorist movement. When Elisha killed John, he killed himself too and took away his dignity, “ The shot had left me deaf and dumb. That’s it, I said to myself. It’s done. I’ve killed. I’ve killed Elisha ” (Wiesel 103). Conclusion Wiesel uses a character transformation style in order to present the aftermath of the Holocaust. However, Elisha decided to forget his past and start a new life. We can note that changes in Elisha’s life happened because of the freedom movement. The writer showed that killing was not a solution to horrors of Holocaust because it led to further confusions and a loss of self-dignity. Works Cited Wiesel, Elie. Dawn. New York: Bantam, 1982. Print.
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Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson in American Presidency Report (Assessment) American History Theodore Roosevelt is known as the 26 th President of the United States and the first president to have served the full cadence in the 20 th century. It is no wonder that his presidency was marked by a series of measures which as a result have influenced the course of American history of the previous century. Theodore Roosevelt is known as one of the key figures of the Era of Progressivism famous for their great achievements in politics, economics as well as in civil rights. Being a qualified biologist he tried scientific approaches to social problems he had to deal with. He sought for a harmony similar to that which exists in nature. The policy of the Square Deal is viewed as the most famous and successful Theodore Roosevelt’s brainchild. The Square Deal included three basic components: control of trusts (trust-busting), consumer protection, and conservation of natural resources (conservationism) 1 . To reduce the power and influence of trusts which succeeded to had gaining control over two-fifths of American industrial output, Roosevelt nicknamed the Trust-Buster did his best to increase the federal authorities’ power. A series of such regulatory acts as the 1903 Elkins Act and 1906 Hepburn Act helped much to split monopolies into dozens of smaller competing with each other. This notwithstanding the Trust-Buster was not persistent enough about such matters as civil rights. He was the first President to have invited an African –American (Booker T. Washington) at eh white House to dinner however after the media outcry he became reluctant to make any further advancements concerning African-American civil rights. Nevertheless, Roosevelt consistently defied anti-Semitism. He was the first American President who appointed a Jew to the federal government. Woodrow Wilson is known as another key figure of American Progressivism. This President has made considerable advancements in American legislation including improvements in anti-trust legislation. According to the 1914 Clayton Antitrust Act 2 some business practices were made illegal. These were regulations forbidding retailers to handle other companies’ goods, price discrimination; directorates were forbidden to manage other companies. Furthermore, the new Wilsonian legislation imposed personal responsibilities upon individual officers of companies for violating anti-trust laws. Likewise, Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson was not persistent in their Progressivist policies. In 1916 he had Keating–Owen Act pushed through Congress. Although this Act supposed child labor to be curtailed to offer children more opportunities for learning at school, it was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. Thus child labor remained legal until 1930. Despite his efforts to keep American neutrality in World War I the United States was compelled to enter this war. America’s entering war inevitably led to the reduction of civil rights as well as to food shortages. Although America shared the victory in World War I the War To end ALL Wars it was not that victory to crown American Progressive Era. It ended with the implementation of Prohibition. However implementation of the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which mandated outlawing the sale, distribution, and manufacturing of alcohol nationally followed by lots of drastic consequences it resulted in decreasing in hard drinks consumption within the period. The advent of Progressivism was caused by the rapidly increasing role of vast popular masses in industrial production and social life. The increasing gap between the rich and the poor made could have inevitably led to the popular outbreak. Despite all the shortcomings and defects measures and activities related to the Progressive Era and thus Roosevelt’s and Wilson’s cadences contributed much to the present-day America’s power and might. Bibliography Brands, H. W. T. R.: The Last Romantic . (New York: Basic Books, 1997). Ramírez, Carlos D.; Eigen-Zucchi, Christian. Understanding the Clayton Act of 1914: An. Analysis of the Interest Group Hypothesis”. Public Choice 106 (1-2). Footnotes 1. Brands, H. W. T. R.: The Last Romantic . (New York: Basic Books,1997). 2. Ramírez, Carlos D.; Eigen-Zucchi, Christian. Understanding the Clayton Act of 1914: An Analysis of the Interest Group Hypothesis”. Public Choice 106 (1-2).
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The US Relationships With Panama and China Research Paper The U.S. and Panama Relationships since the End of the Cold War The USA and Panama relationships after the Cold War started with the invasion of the USA into the country. This was the first large-scale force of the USA non-connected with the Cold War. The main reason of such invasion was the overturn of the authoritarian leader, Manuel Antonio Noriega, “a corrupt dictator heading an efficient narcomilitaristic regime in Panama” (Gilboa, 1995, p. 539). The USA did not plan to provide military operations in the direction of Panama. Trying to warn, convince, beg, etc., the USA wanted to cope with the task by means of peaceful negotiations. However, Manuel Antonio Noriega did not want to stop harmful actions, therefore, the USA desired to act. Nevertheless, the USA just wanted to give a lesson to the Panama leader and the force invasion was just the means for warning. However, the ac t was not that successful as the USA thought. After this measure, Panama was not of the high opinion of the USA. The USA was expected to learn a good lesson “after the damage of bureaucratic infighting and miscommunication was evident in the Panama and the Gulf crises” (Gilboa, 1995, p. 540). The U.S. and Panama Current Relationships Sullivan (2011) characterizes the current relationships of the USA with Panama as “extensive cooperation on counternarcotics efforts; support to promote Panama’s economic, political, and social development; and a proposed bilateral free trade agreement (FTA) that was signed in 2007” (p. 14). The free trade agreement between these two countries brings much advantage of the both parties of the deal. The USA offers great financial support for the development of the Panama business. The USA and Panama conduct many security operations together. The relationships between these two countries are rather friendly, however, these relations are based on a number of treaties and agreements which are signed officially. Panama is unable to cope with drug trafficking and money laundering, there fore, the USA offers its assistance in such questions. The USA is interested in dealing with the issue as the USA remains one of the main markets for Panama drugs due to the appropriate geographical location. Obama exclaimed to develop the labor and tax policy to make sure that the relationships between Panama and the USA are correctly signed. Therefore, Panama citizens have an opportunity to work legally on the territory of the USA with the minimum required documents and other legal issues. Panama Canal has always been the issue for discussion between the USA and Panama. However, the recent treaties have been developed where the Panama Canal remains the property of Panama, however, the USA has an opportunity to use it in military purposes whenever it needs. The U.S. and China Current Relationships The end of the Cold War presupposed that great changes are going to be completed in the configuration of the international relations. The USA shifted its interest from the European countries into the Asian ones. It should be mentioned that China has become the focus of the USA due to its rapid development. The USA understood that China is going to enter the world economics in the nearest future and the friendly market relationships with this country would bring good profit. Of course, the USA could not expect that everything would go straight, as “China’s involvement in international institutions, norms, and regimes in the near future” (Islam, 2006, p. 24) as well as the USA policy in the direction of China was to be the main issues for relationships development. Nowadays, the relationships between the USA and China remain relatively stable. Even though China is far from democratic regime and the USA does not really appreciate such relations, still, the USA and China develop friendly relationships at the international; arena where the USA tries to make China a responsible stakeholder (Nagao, Yoshizaki, Sato, & Okagaki, 2000, p. 29). Contrast and Comparison of the Two Relationships Looking at the development of the USA relationships with Panama and China, it may be stated that nowadays, the USA tires to remain friendly to other countries. The post Cold War period was complicated and the USA needed much attempt and diplomatic strength to understand which relations deserve attention and which ones are to be a failure. The Panama and China are two countries which relationships with the USA after the Cold War developed differently, however, the current relationships are similar. The USA is the country which tries to control others in their development and gaining democratic issues, and Panama and China are the countries which remain under the USA control. China is independent from the USA, however, the USA does all possible to change the regime in China applying to the economical and political measures. Panama is the country which developed its relations with the USA through force invasion. Nowadays, the relations are friendly, however, Panama experiences some control from the side of the USA. Therefore, it may be concluded that having different post Cold War relationships, the USA develops its ties with such countries as Panama and China similarly. Works Cited Gilboa, E. (1995). The Panama Invasion Revisited: Lessons for the Use of Force in the Post Cold War Era. Political Science Quarterly, 110 (4), 539-373. Islam, A. K. (2006). The post-cold war U.S.-China relations: win-win or zero-sum game. Asian Affairs, 28 (2), 24-45. Nagao, Y., Yoshizaki, T., Sato, H., & Okagaki, T. (2000, 1 March). Post-Cold War International Society and U.S.-China Relationship. NIDS Security Reports , pp. 1-56. Sullivan, Mark P. (2011, 11 May). Panama: Political and Economic Conditions and U.S. Relations. Congressional Research Service , pp. 1-33.
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Endangered Wild Equids by Patricia D. Moehlman Essay The article “Endangered Wild Equids,” written by Patricia D. Moehlman, focuses on the plight of equids, wild animal species related to the horse, who are quickly disappearing from the face of the planet. According to the article, although these species were among the most plentiful herbivores on three continents when our ancestors were still painting on cave walls, today there are only seven species still alive, all of which are on the endangered species list. These species include three species of zebra, three species of ass and one species of horse. The article is focused primarily on what can be done to try to save these species for the future and presents a plan that has been adopted by the IUCN – The World Conservation Union. The IUCN has been studying the life patterns of these animals and determined that they are basically organized between two general yet distinct social organization patterns. These patterns are structured based upon the availability of food and water. When these necessities are abundant, females herd together and form stable groups watched over by a single male, who gains mating rights to all females in the group. This system is referred to as a harem or family group. Where food and water is not so plentiful, each adult is left to fend for him or herself. Males generally adopt a specific territory with access to food and water that he defends, and he gains mating rights to any females that enter this territory. This obviously has an effect on the social behaviors of the animals as well as their ability to survive and bring foals into full adulthood. Both territorial and harem groups tend to begin having foals only after they have reached their fourth or fifth year, and then only about one foal every other year is born to a single female until the end of her life at about age 16. While this strategy worked well in the past, current conditions have severely limited the replacement potential. These include avid hunters, loss of habitat and reduced access to precious resources. To illustrate the difficulty of life for these animals as well as the problems of trying to study them, the author provides an in-depth discussion of her own study of the African wild ass in the Danakil desert. One of the things the article does not go into is the reason why these animals should be saved from extinction. One of the major threats to these species is a loss of habitat and resources as humans and domesticated animals move into their territory and begin hoarding the available natural resources. It would seem that the best solution, and perhaps most kind, would be to simply allow them to die out. However, I believe it is also important to look at the areas in which these animals live. Some, such as the African wild ass that the author herself studied, live in some of the most inhospitable places on earth and yet still have managed to find a way to survive for generations. In addition, while many of these animals are similar to animals we have domesticated, they are not the same as is pointed out in the case of Przewalski’s horse. According to the author of the article, this horse species, which has only recently been reintroduced to the wild, actually has two additional chromosomes than the modern horse. Learning from the history of our own species, it is often these minor variations that enable a single species, such as today’s modern human, to survive situations that have killed off a number of other similar species that existed in the past. While we are uncertain what happened to the other hominid species that lived long ago, we can take care to ensure as many different kinds of species of other animals remain alive today. Finally, the preservation of these wild species has already provided us with a great deal of information about what life in the wild past must have been like for a variety of species, not just the equids under discussion and this connection enables us, as humans, to become more closely identified with the processes of the earth. By observing, protecting, and helping these species, as the native people in the Danakil Desert and in central Mongolia have done, connections are formed between the wild and the domestic that enriches both – the paradox of sharing providing more to all involved. Works Cited Moehlman, Patricia D. “Endangered Wild Equids.” Scientific American. Vol. 292, N. 3, (2005): 86-93.
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Greenbelt Banking Company’s Human Resource Management Essay The Greenbelt Banking Company was founded in 1991 with a mission to provide reliable, efficient, and affordable banking services to the public. Although it took a while before taking off in other countries due to tight legal constraints, the company has since set other head offices in most countries. The organization has more than 700,000 employees, with the major part of the employees comprised of young and energetic people. Other than providing banking services, the company had to involve itself in other activities such as social works over the past years. Such activities have compelled the management into recruiting different classes of employees to ensure proper service delivery. The existence of different types of employees within the organization’s setup necessitated the need for a functional human resource management department, which would address all the concerns of the organization’s workforce. The department of human resource management is headed by the human resource manager. Alike with other companies, this department is tasked with the responsibility of planning and sourcing for the employees for the organization. The office of human resource management plans and projects the number of employees that the organization needs to carry out its activities. The human resource manager also recruits and selects the appropriate employees for the organization. Selection is done to ensure that the company captures the best workforce from the labor market. The office of human resource manager also organizes training workshops and seminars for the employees to keep them up to date with the new trends in the banking industry. Training also allows the company to address the shortcomings of the employees as a result of long hours of work by breaking the monotony. The human resource manager also spells out proper channels of communication between the company’s management and the employees. A healthy relationship between the company and its employees enables smooth flow of operation and consequently, proper service delivery (Mondy et al., 2007). Even though the company has quite a large number of employees, it has been able to keep to the expected standards more, to concern the company-employee relations. Through decentralization, employees now have a faster reach to the relevant authority, especially when there is a need for a quick response. The company also conducts a transparent employee recruitment process. This practice not only presents the company with the opportunity to choose from the best workforce available but also gives the aspiring employees the opportunity to appreciate the need for better governance. The company, however, should improve on the employee appraisal methods. Most employees feel that the company offers little reward for the effort that they put in as compared to the profits that the company makes from its business activities. Equally, there is significant unrest amongst the employees about employee dismissal. While decentralization of powers has been a great achievement as concern efficiency, it has also placed lots of powers with the departmental heads, who more than often abuse power. Reference Mondy, R. W., Noe, R. M., & Premeaux, S. R. (2007). Human resource management. 9th Edition, International Edition, Prentice Hall .
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How to Achieve a Good Life? Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. A Good life 3. Moral virtues 4. Conclusion Introduction Life is a mode of existence and it reflects the experiences of living that characterize human beings whether they are good or bad. It is confounding to describe what a good life is, since it applies to both material life and moral life. For instance, having immense wealth and ability to enjoy every form of pleasure that ever existed on earth can mean that one is living a good life. On the other hand, living in accordance with the social, religious, and personal morals and ethics means that one is also living a good life. The latter description of good life applies across the board since everybody has the ability to achieve it for everyone has the capacity to think and act morally. This essay explores what a good life is and describes plan of achieving it in terms of integrity, honesty, responsibility, and state obligation. A Good life Living a good life morally means living in accordance with the ethics and morals of the society. A person living a good life expresses virtues such integrity, honesty, responsibility, and obligation to the rules of the state. Although human beings pursue material and intellectual gains as they struggle towards self-actualization, these gains cannot earn them the virtue of being good, but they will rather pass for hardworking individuals. The rich people have wealth because of their hardworking character and they can access good things of life that bring happiness and pleasure, and live a good life materially; nevertheless, this does not make them good. A poor person can live a miserable life of poverty but with good moral life, while on the contrary, a rich person can live a good life of pleasure and happiness, but with bad moral life. Therefore, when “good” describes virtues, pleasure and happiness due to money cannot make life good. Moral virtues Morals and ethics that individuals observe to express virtues in life cause them to lead a good life. Integrity and honesty are two virtues that enhance people’s lives and they are inseparable because one cannot have integrity without being honesty or vice versa. Educationally, integrity is a skill that demands learning and continued practice in order to internalize the virtue. The development of integrity is a life-long process that needs patience and endurance since it is a skill. If likened to a building, honesty and truth are two central pillars that support integrity as a virtue throughout the life of an individual. To develop this virtue of integrity in life, one must always adhere to its two pillars, because integrity is not a discrete achievement but a continuous achievement that needs constant efforts to maintain it. Responsibility is a powerful virtue which if exercised well by an individual, it does not only yield great benefits to the individual, but also to other people and the entire society. The golden rule demands that there must be reciprocal responsibility in the society to enable people live harmoniously. Sense of responsibility in the society lessens the impacts of problems experienced because of collective response that lead to immediate solution. Becoming part of the solution in the society is being responsible and the excuse of blaming others would not arise. Since rights and responsibility relate to one another, it requires one to act within the limits of rights to become responsible. Therefore, the rights that govern social norms and regulations give one the degree of responsibility to struggle and attain good life for the benefit of all. Citizens have a moral obligation to respect and advocate for the common interests of all people. For justice and peace to flourish in the society, citizens have great moral obligation to ensure they report criminal activities, help the poor, and conserve the environment. By doing this, they foster their states’ bid to build justice and a peace in society where virtues spring up, and thus a good life. Like responsibility, adherence to the laws of the land will enable one to develop a sense of obligation to the state. It is a great obligation of the citizens to help the state fight vices in the society and the best way to do it is by becoming loyal to the laws and being active in enforcing them. The concerted efforts of the state and its citizens will improve the lives of the people resulting into a good life. Conclusion To achieve good life based on observance of moral principles demands strict observance and application of ethics in everything. Complete observance of ethics yields virtues that make life good in any community. The goodness of a person cannot result from material wealth, but it emerges from the good moral qualities that one has achieved in life. Virtues like integrity, honesty, responsibility, and obligation to the state are attributes of an individual and have no material value attached to them. This means that, a good life does not mean wealthy living.
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Why We Enjoy Horror Films Essay Horror movie critics have asserted that there is a growing tendency in making much more violent and bloody movies. At a glance, it is difficult to understand why people pay money for the ticket to watch the most horrible, thrilling, and creepy scenes at the cinema. However, deeper examination explores much more sophisticated reasons for the public’s immense interest in horror movies. King’s statement that horror movies “have a dirty job to do” (3) can be reinterpreted to stress that contemporary production or horror films premises on people’s desire to distract themselves from the monotonous routines and realities of grim daily activities by depicting ugliness and fear. While deliberating on the essence and purpose of horror movies, Kinds notes, “[horror film] urges us to put away our more civilized and adult penchant for analysis and to become children again, seeing things in pure blacks and whites” (2). Therefore, most individuals interested in this genre search for psychic relief because most of such pictures are premised on the simple, primitive representation of the evil and the good. Also, the illustration of unreasonableness and outright madness is rarely observed in real life. Even though such emotions as love, compassion, sympathy, kindness, or commitment are celebrated in society, the depiction of the opposite emotions in horror movie can only enhance individual’s awareness of the significance of these aspects. Society is too bored with constant practicing of politeness and attentiveness, love and friendships. Under these circumstances, horror movies demonstrate what could happen in case social sanity will be distorted. Human perception of insanity is relative because its normality is usually accepted by the majority. Existence of social norms allows us to be distinct between the action that makes sense and unreasonable and irrational actions. All these dilemmas could be solved as soon as people start watching thrillers and horror films. At this point, King emphasizes, “it is morbidity unchained, our most base instincts let free, our nastiest fantasies realized…and it all happens, fittingly enough in the dark” (3). In this context, supporters of just and good lifestyle will not be able to adhere to the concepts as soon as they realize the main purpose of horror movies, as well as the techniques directors, employ to achieve this purpose. Modern horror movies often depict monsters, psycho, or zombies chasing their victims. The viewers realize what is going on, and they often strive to help the hero to escape death. While using these techniques, horror movie directors emphasize the helplessness of a person in front of the danger, which makes all people be frightened. The feeling of unexpected capture makes people attend such pictures frequently because they lack such emotions in life. In such a way, they also entertain themselves and even have fun when watching creepy scenes. In conclusion, the admirers of horror movie genre attend such pictures to grasp the main attributes of a new reality in which irrationality and simplicity provide them with new emotions and experiences that are impossible to perceive in real life. By employing unexpected appearance, depicting ugliness and monsters, and revealing the scene of violence, the directors expect to frighten people who are in search of new impressions and risky situations. Although modern movies have become more bloody, the idea of this genre remains unchanged to approve such emotions as love, compassion, and kindness. Works Cited King, Stephen. “ Why We Crave Horror Movies ”. Web.
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However, death is as yet intelligent, which is not the same thing regardless of whether it is dreaded. Lucretius appears to have dreaded demise, as was quick to demonstrate it not to be wickedness. His contention infers that the length of life is immaterial. In that case, I have a question to Williams regarding whether having a long life brimming with beneficial things is superior to a short one without them. There is a line in Reflections on the Tedium of Immortality which states, “There is no desirable or significant property which life would have more of, or have more unqualifiedly, if we lasted forever” (Benatar, 2010, p.352). It implies Given current realities about human craving and joy and what human existence is, unceasing existence without the possibility of death would be unfortunate. This reminds me of After Many a Summer Dies the Swan by Aldous Huxley. Jo Stoyte’s covetousness, envy, and desperate longing for delayed life show the evil of time and needing at nearer range. At last, the twisted fifth Earl of Gonister, who live for two centuries is fit uniquely of gross evil nature, shows Propter’s postulation that lengthening the life time permitted to man expands and strengthens his ability to do bad. Time does not bring expanded astuteness or sympathy, yet just degeneration. References Benatar, D. (2010). Life, death, & meaning: key philosophical readings on the big questions . Rowman & Littlefield.
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Development of other branches of Kudler Fine Foods can only be of benefit if the branches are making profits. In this case, the development of branches of Kudler Fine Foods in Del Mar and Encinitas occurs quickly basing on the fact that the first establishment in La Jolla was critically successful. Due to this, it is certainly realized that the branch opened in Del Mar is not making profits thus leading to reduction in cash flow. Here, the issue is to close this non profit making branch. The problem is how to absorb the already hired work force in this branch into other branches and efficiently incorporate the remaining inventory into other stores. If the management focuses on this problem statement, then the company is likely to reduce the losses that may accompany the closing of the branch. The end state and goal is to increase the overall cash flow. The second issue is concerning inventory control. The store is composed of goods that are perishable with short shelf life. The stores are also said to have a lot of perishables of several varieties some of which are not required. This means that the inventory can be easily lost. Loss of inventory is very costly to the company. Therefore, control of inventory is a very vital issue. The problem is identifying the right inventory for the right store. Every store needs to keep the inventory that can be disposed off to the customers at appropriate time. It needs to have the right variety of inventory that can be sold to customers. Any other variety need to be removed and taken to the right store. This is what is called reduction of inventory . The end state and goal of reducing inventory is to reduce loss of inventory since every store will only be having what it requires. This increases cash flow in the long run. Another issue is concerning management. The current management is smaller than expected for a growing organization. There is need to increase the number of managers and delegate various responsibilities to them to increase efficiency. This means that Kudler’s attention will shift from the normal day to day operation to engagement in customer service and general growth of the company. The problem is that expanding management calls for more expenditure to cater for the expenses for these managers. Therefore, a balance has to be obtained between hiring extra managers and the benefit expected so that loss is not realized. The end goal is to achieve a full running organization even in absence of the owner (Kudler). The last issue is on the elevated payroll of skilled salespeople. In order to reduce this, the company has to train its workforce to be able to fit in every department. This will save a lot on the cost of hiring skilled workers. Incase of shortage in one department, the excess personnel in the other department can easily be fitted to resolve the shortage. However, the problem is the cost associated with training these personnel into all round workers. As much as the end results are positive, the process may be costly, time consuming and may fail in some cases where by some people may not adhere to the training. If managed, the end goal is to save on the costs incurred by the company on salaries for hired staff (Leone, 2001). Reference Leone, W. (2001). Problem statement development and analysis . Cambridge: MIT Press.
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That is why, God is discussed as the “cause of all existent things” in the world (Fisher, 2014, p. 278). There is the Creation Story, according to which the world was created during six days, and God decided to rest during the seventh day of the week. This day is celebrated today as Sabbath (Saturday). Textbook Nature of God/Creator In Judaism, God is one and all-powerful. The monotheistic religion is based on the idea that God is indivisible. Moreover, the existence of God cannot come to an end. In spite of the fact that humans are created in the “image” of God”, God has no physical features or any form (Fisher, 2014, p. 279). As a result, the depiction of God is not typical for Judaism and for the art of the Jews. Instead, there is an ethical image of God because the Jews associate God with wisdom and love. Textbook Article Textbook View of Human Nature Humans have the human nature which cannot be discussed as the divine nature. Thus, humans are not perfect, and they cannot become divine. Still, humans are created in the “image” of God” (Fisher, 2014, p. 279). That is why, humans can be discussed as the best creation of God in the world. Humans are created equal and having the free will. They can choose between the good and the evil. However, they should be obedient to God’s commandments represented in the Torah. Article Lecture View of Good and Evil God manifests the good and fights the evil. The final victory of God over the evil will be observed when a Messiah comes. A Messiah is expected to establish peace. In the world, God punishes people who choose the evil because of their free will and guarantees the rewards for those who are faithful and righteous people. Textbook View of “Salvation” Salvation can be achieved when a believer lives righteously. Salvation is an expected reward. The new world will come with a Messiah, and salvation will be granted for good people who love God. Textbook Article View of After Life After death, those people who are believers and who love God are rewarded. For instance, when the Jews were sent to death in concentration camps by the Nazis, they hoped for God’s love and reward after death (Fisher, 2014, p. 272). Textbook Practices and Rituals Traditional rituals include ‘circumcision’ for male babies; the focus on the dietary laws associated with eating the ‘kosher’food; wearing a ‘t’fillin’with scriptures; and wearing a ‘tallit’ by males while praying. The other important practice is ‘Bar Mitzvah’ as the ceremony to state the process of becoming the member of a community for males and‘Bat Mitzvah’ for females.One more important practice is keepingSabbath during which the Jews eat the Sabbath meal. Textbook Lecture Celebrations and Festivals The Jews’ celebrations include Rosh Hashanah, Simhat Torah, Hanukkah, Purim, and Pesach among others. Rosh Hashanah is the Jewish New Year when they celebrate the start of the year during the seventh Jewish month. Simhat Torah is the celebration of ending the annual cycle of the Torah readings. Hanukkah is the celebration of the Maccabees’ victory in December, and its main ritual is the lighting of menorahs.Purim is the February celebration of the Jews’ liberation in Persia. Pesach is the March celebration of the Jews’ migration from Egypt. Textbook Lecture Reference Fisher, M. P. (2014). Living religions . Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.
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Apple Inc. Financial Performance Term Paper Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Revenue and Net Income 3. Operating Activities 4. Investing and Financing Activities 5. Analysis 6. Conclusion 7. References Introduction Apple. Inc. is a leader in the technological market and owns patents for iPhone, iPad, and iMac (Miller, 2014). It has its own soft operation system (iOS) and caters to the needs of the customers by offering unique design and performance excellence (Apple, Inc., 2015). It could be said that the main goal of this paper is to evaluate the financial performance of the company, and all values are in millions. Revenue and Net Income Speaking of Income Statement, net sales were $182,795 (2014) and $233,715 (2015), and cost of goods sold (COGS) was $112,550 (2014) and $142,260 (2015) (Apple, Inc., 2015; MarketWatch, 2017). Meanwhile, gross profit was $70,245 (2014) and $91,455 (2015). The company used the effective tax rate of 26.4% in 2015, and it “differs from the statutory federal income rate of 35%” (Apple, Inc., 2015, p. 29). This adjustment was necessary due to globalization. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Net Income had a value of $1,082 (2014) and $(345) (2015) (Apple, Inc., 2015). It experienced loss, and it implied that the company attempted to balance its financials by focusing on improving operations and considering changes in currency exchange. Consequently, Apple’s statement included “foreign currency translation” and “net of tax effects” (Apple, Inc., 2015, p. 40). As for the bottom line item, Apple displayed a total comprehensive income of $51,967 (2015) (Apple, Inc., 2015). When referring to Balance Sheet, total current liabilities were $80,610 (2015) and $63,448 (2014), total current assets were $89,378 (2015) and $68,531 (2014), and total assets were $290,479 (2015) and $231,839 (2014) (Apple, Inc., 2015). Total stockholder’s equity was $119,355 (2015) and $111,547 (2014) (Apple, Inc., 2015). These valuable findings were presented in the Balance Sheet and indicated that the enterprise experienced growth in its value, but the liabilities increased due to investment and expansion. Another matter that could be calculated from the Balance Sheet was working capital, and its values were $8,768 (2015) and $5,083 (2014). Apart from an increase in total current liabilities, available working capital experienced growth of $3,685 from 2014. This matter implied that the company was able to allocate its financial resources effectively and could be considered as profitable and healthy. As for treasury stock, it also increased in value, as its adjusted cost was $34,902 (2015) and $23,140 (2014) (Apple, Inc., 2015). As for other comprehensive net income, its value was $(137) (2014) and $(411) (2015). Meanwhile, retained earnings were $87,152 (2014) and $92,284 (2015) (Apple, Inc., 2015). Retained earnings experienced an increase while other comprehensive net income became even more negative. To understand the company’s profitability, different types of financial ratios were used. For example, the value of Gross Profit Margin was 38% (2014) and 39% (2015), while Net Profit Margin was related to 22% (2014) and 23% (2015). Both of these values signified an increase in profits by at least one percent. Based on these findings, sales were rising in profitability. For example, gross profit and net income grew by $21,210 and $13,884, respectively, from 2014 to 2015. Operating Activities When accessing cash flow activities, net income was 39,510 (2014) and $53,394 (2015) versus the total for operating activities of $59,713 (2014) and $81,266 (2015). As for the items of significance between net income and the total for operating activities, they were related to cash generated from income taxes and interest rates, as they were presented as a supplemental disclosure and had no impact on cash flows. The enterprise provided cash from operations while taking advantage of its core business activities and other cash-generating procedures. Investing and Financing Activities Speaking of assets, it was necessary to refer to the Balance Sheet and marketable securities ($33,903), property ($2,117), Goodwill ($500), a takeover of intangible assets ($249), and other assets ($1,792) were purchased since 2014. Meanwhile, this increase in their values was rational, as property ($10,050) and Goodwill ($3,040) also experienced growth since 2013 (MarketWatch, 2017). In this instance, the company highly focused on expansion and attempted to invest in diverse activities by 2014. In turn, the financing activities included insurance of common stocks, tax benefits from equity awards, and insurance from term debt (Apple, Inc., 2015). In this case, a majority of cash inflows were acquired from stockholders’ equity. Analysis Based on the findings presented above, Apple, Inc. had well-balanced cash inflows and outflows while the total for operating activities also experienced an increase of $21,553 from 2014 to 2015. Apart from negative values of cash from financing and investing activities, the company’s overall cash balance was positive ($21,120 in 2015) and greater than in the previous year ($13,844 in 2014). It was generated from changes in stockholders’ equity and operations, and it implied that the business had favorable financial conditions for its development. Conclusion Overall, Apple’s performance was associated with profitability. Its revenues continued to grow, and Gross Profit and Net Profit Margin increased by one percent annually. It could be said that the company has to take advantage of these activities, as they help maintain market shares and have outstanding financial performance. References Apple, Inc. (2015). Form 10-K . Web. MarketWatch. (2017). Apple, Inc. Web. Miller, R. (2014). Business law today: Text and cases: Diverse, ethical, online, and global environment. Stamford, CT: Cengage Learning.
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Knowledge Management in “Workplace” by Joan Rigdon Report One key point of this article is employee motivation. This point is addressed through the decision of the American Greetings Corp to create about 400 new jobs for its employees to apply. This decision was mainly taken as a result of the lack of promotion positions for employees in the organizational hierarchy (Joan 81). Another key point is organizational change. This issue comes out when the American Greetings Corp engages in restructuring the organization by creating new jobs for employees to apply for. These new jobs are different from the rest, which the employees have held previously, and require them to have some form of training (Joan 81). Lastly, the third key point of the article is balancing organizational resources, expenses, and profits so as to survive, especially during hard economic times like the global economic recession. This issue comes out when the American Greetings Corp reduces the number of working hours for less productive products like greeting cards and increases the production time for more productive things (Joan 81). A human resource management student may benefit from this article by learning the concepts of employee motivation, organizational change, and change management as well as management proper. The concept of employee motivation can enable the human resource management student to understand that employees are motivated either intrinsically or extrinsically. Intrinsic motivation comes from within the employees themselves as a result of passion, while extrinsic motivation comes from external rewards, one of them being good pay as well as promotion, as addressed in the article. The student may also learn about the concept of organizational change and how to manage it. Through the article, He or she could be able to learn and understand that organizational change is inevitable, especially due to stiff competition in the contemporary business environment and harsh economic times, which force organizations to restructure and revise their policies to be in line with the available resources. The student may also understand that organizational change needs to be properly planned before it is implemented. Managers are supposed to seek the views of the employees about the change and offer them the necessary training so as to allay their fears about the change, which causes resistance to the change and sometimes, high turnover rates as it happened with Kodak. Lastly, the student of human resource management may learn from the article the concept of managing proper, which is about achieving organizational goals using human (employees), financial and physical resources. A student of human resource management may get the opportunity to understand that management entails planning, coordinating, and controlling the resources which are there to achieve the organizational aims and objectives in a timely manner. The student may understand the fact that human resource managers should be able to align the organizational goals with the available resources and also be ready and able to make the necessary changes in the organizational functions, processes, and procedures to deal with the organization to achieve its goals. The student must note that planning should not be on a reactive basis but on a proactive basis, which enables the human resource managers to anticipate challenges and put proper mechanisms to address those problems. Controlling entails the regulation of the human resource capital of an organization with the aim of directing it to the most productive areas to maximize the profits and minimize the costs and expenses. Work Cited Rigdon, J. I. “Workplace: Using Lateral Moves to Spur Employees.” Wall Street Journal (Eastern edition). 1992: 81. Print.
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From the times when humans first realized how big the universe is and how many planets it contains, many hypotheses started to be developed, many types of research began, and general interest in this subject rapidly skyrocketed. Logically thinking, there are billions of stars in billions of galaxies, and even if a small part of those stars has Earth-like planets, then there is a probability that hundreds of other civilizations may exist (Harris, n.d., para. 1). During several last decades hundreds of extra-solar planets have been discovered. Yet, the theory that life exists on other planets hasn’t been proved. In recent years, many scientists agreed that the presence of liquid water on a planet is the perfect condition for developing life. Previous researches have indicated that “water in different states has been directly detected multiple times all over the universe (even in the outer layers of cool stars! ), we have never found liquid water anywhere in the universe” (Faulkner, 2009). To become suspected to be inhabited, a planet has to match several favorable for life criteria: presence of gas atmosphere, presence of water, temperature and atmospheric pressure that can sustain liquid water. Life depends on water, energy and organic molecules. The chance of appearance of something like DNA that has a capacity to reproduce itself is unlikely. However, in the universe with enormous number of stars and opportunities, it seems expectable to occur in several stellar systems (Hawking, n.d., para. 9). Besides, in 1961 Frank Drake has presented the formula (the Drake Equation) that calculates the potential number of extraterrestrial civilizations and is an “effective tool for stimulating curiosity about the universe around us” (SETI, n. d., para 4). The Sun energy is one of the main life-supporting factors on our planet, but the line between perfect balance and deadly cataclysm is very thin. We keep hearing stories about global warming and the melting of glaciers. There are many arguments whether these theories are true or false, but it is scientifically proved that if the climate on our planet became at least several degrees warmer – it would lead to disastrous consequences. Every second hundred of billions of tons of hydrogen is converted into helium in the core of the Sun, generating a lot of energy. This process has started billions of years ago. Even though the Sun is huge and powerful, its resources have limits. The Sun’s stages of life change, its size changes, so does its brightness, and, of course, these changes directly affect all the neighboring planets, including the Earth. Scientists have made a prognosis that in 1.1 billion years our Sun will shine ten percent brighter. It sounds like good news, but in reality, it is not good at all (Cain, 2012). The vapor water that absorbs ninety percent of infrared radiation in the outer layers of our atmosphere will undergo an unusual amount of sunlight, and decompose to hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen is light, so it will disappear in space. The amount of water in our hydrosphere will become decrease, and, accordingly, rains will not happen as much. Rains serve to wash carbon dioxide from our atmosphere. Less rain will lead to the accumulation of carbon dioxide and an increasing greenhouse effect, which will cause catastrophic overheating on the surface of the Earth, the vegetation will dry out; all the ice around the Poles will melt. Reference List Cain, F. (2012), Life of the Sun . Web. Faulkner, D. (2009), Can Life Exist on Other Planets? Web. Harris, W. (n. d.) What Are the Odds There Is Life in Outer Space? Web. Hawking, S. (n. d.) Life in the Universe. Web. SETI: Drake Equation. (n.d.). Web.
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“Artisans in Merchant Towns” by Sean Cadigan Essay (Critical Writing) Sean Cadigan describes the artisans as a political and economic fraternity of labor aristocrats and petite bourgeoisie struggling against the interest of the great merchants in staple trade. He also describes them as those capable of becoming other than workers, industrialists, or petty producers locked into conflict with staple merchants. In his thesis, he is right in the way he describes or defines the merchants because from his article we can see the artisans constantly locked in a tussle or in a battle of supremacy with the merchants over control of trade. This can be seen when he talks about the building of the Anglican Church in which John Sawer, an artisan, is blamed by the merchants for underestimating the building expense. Governor Waldegrave on the other hand blames the merchants for their over-pricing of the building materials. This highlights the conflict between the merchants and the artisans in their quest for actualization and Sean’s definition of the artisans best captures this. In this discussion, the author talks about the rise of the artisans, their struggle to make ends meet and to succeed in their trade. The artisan’s labor under economic disparities comes from the way in which fishery dominated the economy. They employed most of the labor force leaving little for the artisans. He also mentions the high pricing of goods and raw materials by merchants as problems that affected the artisans which is definitely an economic truth. The increase in economic activities and administration, the increased growth in population not forgetting the Napoleonic war which generated demand for artisans and the need to increase buildings are some of the factors he mentioned as having contributed to the growth of the artisans. This is definitely a true fact considering the town and its opportunities. Sean Cadigan’s discussion of artisans in a town is very detailed and idea-based whilst informative and well researched. For example, is when he talks about the problems faced by the artisans he gives evidence of these problems. For instance, when he talks about economic problems facing the artisans like homeownership, he depicts how few artisans owned homes and he gives a number that is 139 out of 591 households in the town. This coupled with other evidence like the court cases he mentions that faced the artisans clearly gives evidence or clearly describes the lives of the artisans. It will be untrue or unrealistic to conclude or surmise that all of Cadigan’s evidence is tangible or factual. Some are clearly speculative thus undermining the credibility of this thesis. For instance, he says that “Little evidence exists to allow an assessment of the place of the place of the artisans within the social and economic structure of St.Johns although artisan in other parts of North America generally fell into the upper strata of producing classes as marketers of skill instead of labor” 1 . He also says that “After 1699 other planters could have established rights to land by interrupted usage in fish trade….” 2 All this is mere speculation or deduced evidence that might be true or not and needs further research to authenticate. The evidence he implored in his thesis supports his argument and it makes clear all that he says about this merchant as he discusses them. The text is also very much logical because it talks about the artisans, the challenges they faced in their quest for success, and how they overcame them giving all the evidence to support his argument. In comparison with Bumsteads writing, Cadigan’s writing is quite detailed with great dwelling on the economic perspective on the lives of the artisans. Bumstead’s writing on the other hand dwells more on the ethnic perspective of the lives of the native Americans. The detailed level of coverage of the topic exhibits a great understanding and research effort he has put into it. Bumstead’s writing has a general outlook on the lives of the Native Americans in Canada, but Cardigans article is more specific on the nature and struggles in the economic lives of the artisans in Newfoundland in particular. The reason why this particular topic is not covered by Bumstead is that his writing in general, but this article concentrates on a particular issue in a specific area. Sean Cadigan being a historian majorly uses historical evidence, for instance, the Napoleonic war and others, and this influences his writing and can explain why he relies on historical information and possibly not other factors that might have contributed to the same like economic factors. Reference Bumstead J.M. A history of the Canadian peoples Oxford University Press 2007. Sean Cadigan. Artisans in Merchant Towns. St. Johns Newfoundland, 1775-1816. Footnotes 1. Howard B. Rock, Artisans of the New Republic: The Trades Men of Newyork City In the Age of Jefferson (New York 1979), 3. 2. Melvin Baker, “Absentee Landlord and Municipal Government in 19 th century St. John’s paper presented to the Canadian Historical Association, Guelph, 1984.
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Universal Basic Income Concept and Its Implementation Essay Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. Analysis 3. Conclusion 4. Works Cited Introduction Universal basic income (UBI) is a non-contingent and non-withdrawable form of social security that establishes “income floor below which no eligible individual is expected to fall” (Wispelaere 17). UBI schemes guarantee that all citizens of a country will regularly receive an established sum of money regardless of whether or not they have other sources of income provision. UBI is delivered as a matter of right; therefore, it is radically different from modern welfare schemes. Finland has recently announced that it launches an experimental UBI scheme that is going to replace other forms of welfare benefits (Graham). Therefore, it is necessary to discuss the validity of the claim that UBI can alleviate poverty. This paper will argue against the implementation of UBI and will provide philosophical and economic arguments opposing this concept. Analysis By stating that UBI is a right, the proponents of the concept go against the grain of the foundation of Libertarianism, which emphasizes on liberty (Gordon). This philosophy is based on the beliefs of Aquinas, Pufendorf, and Locke who were ardent proponents of natural rights (Allahyar 14). In the framework of the natural rights law, it is illegal to coerce people to pay taxes; therefore, anyone who advocates for UBI should realize that such a scheme would break the non-aggression principle. UBI proponents are also wrong on the economic grounds. It is important to understand that by providing people with guaranteed income, governments will disincentivize them to work, thereby instead of alleviating poverty, they will substantially exacerbate it. Therefore, those who see the provision of UBI as a feasible approach to redistributing wealth should consider that by forcing those who are at the top of the income ladder to pay for net receivers of benefits, it is possible to create more people in a low-income bracket. Another economic argument against UBI schemes has to do with the fact the provision of eligible citizens of a country with non-conditional income will lead to the growth of non-productive activities among the population (Sheahen 23). A functioning marketplace, on the other hand, does not support individuals whose endeavors are not considered valuable by consumers. In short, UBI will subsidize the existence of individuals who do not generate substantial value; therefore, such a system will make every citizen of a country that has implemented it less wealthy. UBI schemes have gained a significant level of support from different political groups, based on the assumption that such a system is capable of eliminating a substantial drawback of current welfare programs—a disincentive to earn a higher income (Sheahen 27). Some proponents of UBI even believe that this form of social security can increase employment rates “because the financial cushion provided by UBI will help people in the transition from unemployment to employment” (Keeble). However, as has been demonstrated above, UBI is inferior to the unhampered market; therefore, such systems can only impede the process of wealth creation, which should be generated before it can be redistributed. Conclusion Even though UBI has gained substantial support on both ends of the political spectrum, the implementation of such a system cannot be considered feasible. Philosophical and political arguments provided in the paper show that UBI restricts liberty and impedes the process of wealth creation. Therefore, both downtrodden and well-to-do groups will not benefit from living in a society that uses unconditional cash transfers for the alleviation of poverty. Works Cited Allahyar, Joy. “Universal Basic Income: Could it Be Introduced in the UK?” Dissertation, The University of Sheffield, 2014. Gordon, David. “A Libertarian Argument for the Welfare State.” Mises , Web. Graham, Luke. “Finland Experiments with Universal Basic Income Scheme.” CNBC , Web. Keeble, Nathan. “The Dangers of a Universal Basic Income.” Mises , Web. Sheahen, Allan. Basic Income Guarantee. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. Wispelaere, Jurgen. “An Income of One’s Own?” Dissertation, University of Tampere, 2015.
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I aimed at exploring the role of the nurse in the school setting and the issues that the nurse encountered there. To accomplish this goal, I went to Garfield High School and interviewed their school nurse. I found out about school nurses’ responsibilities, as well as educational, experiential, and skill requirements. This observational experience is relevant to community health class because school nurses have a direct relationship with community health. Schools are public places attended by many children and adolescents, so the target of school nurses’ service is to promote health among this segment of the population. The care focus of the school nurse in Garfield High School, as well as in many other schools, is primary prevention. The nurse educates students about various communicable diseases and encourages them to adhere to basic hygiene. Sometimes, the nurse is involved in secondary prevention by assessing students’ state, observing early signs of various diseases, or giving first aid in case of emergency. As a rule, tertiary prevention is rare, but if there is a need, the school nurse assists students by administering the necessary medications or performing procedures, for example, giving insulin injections to a student with diabetes. Main body The major role of the high school nurse is to meet the health care needs of students and ensure that health issues do not prevent them from getting an education and develop socially. The responsibilities of school nurses include educating students about healthy lifestyles and disease-preventing behaviors. Furthermore, school nurses have to control immunization rates among students and prevent the spread of infections within the school community. Since school nurses are aware of healthcare facilities available in their towns, they can recommend them to parents whose children need medical aid. The nurse in Garfield High School is qualified as a registered nurse and a certified school nurse, which is the generally required level of education for school nurses. To become a school nurse, one should get a Bachelor of Science in Nursing degree, pass the NCLEX-RN exam, and obtain the School Nurse Certificate. Furthermore, to be admitted to work, a school nurse must have at least 1,000 hours of clinical experience. Apart from medical skills, school nurses should be patient and pay attention to details since it can help them to notice early signs of different diseases. The role of school nurses is independent and autonomous since they have to make crucial decisions on their own, without the help of a supervising doctor. Therefore, decisiveness, profound medical knowledge, and self-confidence are essential qualities of school nurses. The major issues of nurses in school settings are related to the fact that health care is not the primary concern of educational institutions. For this reason, nurses often have to deal with the problem of scarce resources because schools are more interested in buying learning materials than things needed for health promotion. For the same reason, nurses face the problem of conflicting interests, for example, when they exclude a sick student from school and encounter the objections of his or her parents. In my opinion, the role of school nurses would be more effective if the community, especially the school administration and parents, realized the importance of disease prevention and health promotion for students. If there were fewer obstacles to school nurses’ work, the educational goals of schools could be fulfilled better due to the increased attendance of students. Conclusion I found this observational experience beneficial for me since it made me realize that school nurses were a significant liaison among students, their parents, the community, and healthcare services. I was struck by the responsibility that lay on school nurses because they had to make important decisions without advice and support from their colleagues. I also found it surprising that nurses should consider cultural differences in their work. A failure to understand and accept the cultural diversity of students prevents nurses from effectively providing health care.
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Conspicuous and Inconspicuous Consumption Essay Under the Great Recession’s impact, people had to reassess and modify their spending behaviors to choose the most profitable areas to invest in and distribute their financial flows. According to Veblen, “conspicuous consumption” is the finance allocation to purchase the elements of luxurious household items (a car, silver table-wear) to demonstrate human beings’ social position and status (33). Surowiecki states that this behavioral pattern is the main reason for the Great Recession phenomenon. As this excessive spending made most people broke, they had to reconsider their priorities. This drastic behavioral shift was the leading cause of the term “inconspicuous consumption” occurrence. Inconspicuous consumption implies investments in educational facilities in order to build cultural capital and the national legacy. People tend to create credible life foundations for themselves and their children rather than buy yachts and convertibles. Presently, the longing for luxurious life has subsided, as individuals prefer to spend their money in a reasonable way. People are driven by the motto “not buy something just because you can” (Partan). This current mindset has created a decline in the Leisure Class, as people have started to question whether it was sensible to be members of a social elite and incur further debts. Representatives of Generation Z are the primary witnesses of this consumption shift. In the 2000s, people did not display financial literacy and operated on the “buy now-pay later” philosophy, pursuing fancy life. They were victims of a conspicuous consumption pattern that made them flat-broken. When the Great Recession hit them, they had to usher in inconspicuous consumption practices in their lifestyle to distribute their finances sensibly. It stands to reason that social class boundaries are more restrictive today than ever before as individuals have reconsidered their financial prerogatives. At the present moment, people are highlighting the value of education and investment in human-capital facilities rather than shell out on material things and goods. People are more likely to resort to mass market services and distribute their finances on enlightenment courses rather than buy a trendy bag. Works Cited Partan, Elsa. “Inconspicuous Consumption still has a Cost.” CAI , 2019. Surowiecki, James. “Inconspicuous Consumption.” The New Yorker, 2009. Veblen, Thorstein. The Theory of the Leisure Class . General Press, 1899.
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One of the evidence is that freedom and slavery expanded simultaneously, which is not possible under normal conditions. This shows that the United States could not be what it is in the modern society if slavery could not have taken place. In this regard, the founders of the American nation were simply hypocrites who never had the interests of the poor and Africans at heart. They were simply concerned with fulfilling their interests. Some analysts argue that slavery in the United States was an exception while others are of the view that it was a legacy to oppression and exploitation. Edmund outlines the paradox of the American democracy, which shows clearly that the founding fathers were just charlatans. Edmund wonders why the rights of Africans were sacrificed for the sake of whites. In other words, the whites saw it wise to destroy the rights of Africans in order to facilitate good life among Europeans. In this case, it is clear that American freedom and democracy that is hailed in the modern society rested on the foundation of slavery. Throughout his text, Morgan shows how founding fathers exhibited paradoxical behavior in their support for democracy. Many founding fathers claimed that each person was to be set free, yet they enslaved Africans, together with their offspring. This was contradictory since they simply wanted their race to be set free, but not other races, including the black race. This is absurd because they only felt pain when someone was controlling them, but they enjoyed when they controlled other people. Thomas Jefferson was one of the individuals who participated in advocating for independence, yet he owned over one-hundred slaves in his home. Without slavery, political, social, and even economic development in the United States could not have achieved. It is a known fact that slaves were the backbone of the economy in the south since they supplied free labor. White settlers could not have afforded to produce goods in case labor was supplied at a fee. Politically, slaves contributed in fighting for the rights of the poor. They organized themselves into groups that later demanded for their rights. The constitution was amended severally to include the rights of blacks and other minorities. In the modern America, minorities, including women, are able to participate freely in nation building due to the activities of slaves during the Civil war.
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I/O Model Implementation for 7-Eleven Essay To properly manage business outputs, it is crucial to examine the external environment of the industry in question. The 7-Eleven organization could greatly benefit from implementing the I/O Model of Above-Average Returns, which relies on the examination of the firm’s external conditions. As such, the first stage involves the analysis of the industry and competitor environment, creating a clear picture of the general atmosphere (Hitt et al., 2007). For the 7-Eleven corporation, the competitors are such large-scale convenience stores as Walmart and Target. However, as the overall industry grows and generates a significant amount of revenue, it creates a positive atmosphere for further development. Another factor to consider is the industry’s attractiveness, as it must possess a high potential for the firm to generate above-average returns. In the current age, the convenience store segment is considered exceptionally beneficial for securing above-average returns due to the increasing demand for large-scale product distribution shops (Graves, 2017). The demand for the variety of choices and the improving financial position of American citizens suggest that the industry’s structural characteristics are quite favorable. After that, 7-Eleven would be required to select a strategy that would ensure the provision of above-average returns. A promising approach could be the implementation of the chain store method, where several branches are established across different countries. However, to apply this technique, particular assets and skills are needed (Hitt et al., 2007). The first criterion is the possession of the products and resources necessary to launch an international branch, as the costs of sustaining a new location in a different country can be demanding (Graves, 2017). In addition, the executives must account for the economic environment of the chosen state, meaning that it is vital to be skilled in international trade and branch management. Finally, to implement the selected approach, it is necessary to establish which actions will be performed to achieve the above-average returns. For 7-Eleven, it would be beneficial to use the company’s strengths in this endeavor, namely the existence of other international branches and the successful history of operations in the US (Lee, 2021). By relying on the previously obtained knowledge and integrating global expansion into the organization’s goals, 7-Eleven might perfectly utilize the formulated strategy and earn above-average returns. References Graves, S. M. (2017). Convenience stores: A landscape perspective. Yearbook of the Association of Pacific Coast Geographers , 79 , 134–152. Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., & Hoskisson, R. E. (2007). Strategic management: Competitiveness and globalization . Thomson South-Western. Lee, K.-K. (2021). A study on the competitive advantage strategy of Convenience Store (CVS) in Japan: Focusing on 7-Eleven. East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE) , 9 (1), 1–16. Web.
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College Pressures Essay Introduction I totally agree with William Zinsser on the four pressures working on college students. Just like in the 70s, college students of today face ‘economic pressure, parental pressure, peer pressure and self induced pressure’. I am also in agreement with Zinsser in his argument that ‘there are no villains, only victims’. As this paper will show, the degree of pressures on college students tends to be higher now than it might have been in the 70s. Additionally, the prominence of given sources of pressure has also shifted. It is hypothesized that while parental pressure was high in the 1970s, economic pressure and self induced pressures have more prominence in the lives of college students today. College Pressures Just like in the past, getting a college degree or qualification remains a very expensive affair. Consequently, students are under pressure to pay fees and meet their educational obligations. Moreover, the economic terrain in our country and in most countries of the world has shifted. It is no longer the traditional workers who have money. Rather, the creative and those who tap into technology make lots of money driving economies up and placing pressure on the underprivileged to think of how to improve their economic welfare. This implies that while college students in the 70s had to deal with economic pressures relating to high cost of education, current crop of college students have to deal with high cost of education and pressure related to being creative or not being able to tap into a fast shifting economy. To make matters worse, recent economic slumps and credit meltdown related challenges only imply increased difficulty in accessing credit facilities. Government support for students has relatively expanded since the 1970s but pressures the economy make government interventions largely wanting. Jobs are hard to come by and as unemployment bites, fees related complications are compounded. Although parental pressure on children has been decreasing over the years, parental pressure on students still remains. Parents expect value for money spent on children’s education. They want children to work hard and meet given minimum educational standards and requirements. Parents expect students to undertake certain majors. All these expectations exert considerable pressure on college students. However, present day parents are more liberal in their attitudes compared to their 1970’s compatriots. Students are expected to exercise their free will and be more responsible towards their own success in life. Factors such as changes in how economy runs, best paying jobs, how to succeed in life and beliefs about wealth creation have contributed a lot towards lowering parental pressure on college students. Peer pressure remains an important aspect in a college student’s life. Peer pressure is very high in our highly consumption driven economy. The masters of consumerism are always producing new gadgets and goods with appeal to college students. Students are under pressure to match their peer in terms of what gadgets they have or own. Most crucially, competition among college students has transformed from focus on academic excellence or college activities to exploits in the world of trade and even sport on the world arena. There are so many young billionaires and millionaires around. There are so many young achievers in our world of today. This has an influence on individual college students in terms of what they do with themselves. Coupled with increasingly liberalist attitudes, college students have great influence on each other in terms of how they live their lives. Peer approval plays a more critical role in determining what is a considered right or wrong among college students of today than was the case in the 1970s. Parents of today tend to be liberals and even where the exhibit rigid traditional attitudes, students are more rebellious towards traditional values and principles. Finally, the pressures and challenges in the world of today and numerous and very diverse. The world of today is a fast changing reality where nothing is given. The things and processes that traditionally worked no longer work. Globalization has opened new frontiers and also opened a Pandora’s Box of challenges. In such like circumstances, each individual college student is personally much challenged. A key question for the youth of today is how to make quick Buicks or get rich very quickly. Anchored on information technology, quite a number of young people have made it big. The idea that traditional ways of life no longer work have also provided impetus. Consequently, personal or self induced pressure is very high for present day college students. While students in the 1970s were under pressure to get good grades, college students of today have high self induced pressure geared towards creativity and building systems to tap into opportunities in society. Conclusions From the foregoing discussions, it is clear that the pressures students of the 1970s endured are the same as those faced by students of today. However, the prominence of pressures like parental pressure has waned while self-induced pressures have gained prominence. Additionally, changing socio-economic circumstances have transformed the expression of or how the different pressures register.
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Falls Prevention and Theory of Change Essay Devoid of rigorous actions by the community, the researchers and the health care practitioners are of the opinion that the burdens of falls will amplify by colossal magnitudes in the next few years. As a result, collaboration is imperative so that the community develops initiatives that focus on falls prevention. Falls cause massive burdens on the people and the health care systems. As the populace ages, harmful effects of falls keep on increasing. According to research, falls are the principle causes of deaths, injuries and hospitalizations of old people. Moreover, majority of the old people who fall suffer from decreased mobility and reduced independence. Although research that identifies preventive approaches has been undertaken, the adoption of these approaches has not received emphasis. Moreover, from the acuity of the public health, motives for this neglect include the notion that falls prevention is not perceived as an imperative issue, a conviction that falls are unavoidable aging aspects, and the challenge that prevention needs collaboration among people who have never worked collectively. Additionally, research illustrates that effective strategies to prevent falls subsist and they include exercises, proper management of drugs that influence balance and concentration, home modifications, environmental engineering, psychological counseling and community education. Finally, in response to issues related to falls, the implementers of the falls prevention strategies should incorporate the theory of change into the strategies. The theory of change is imperative because it helps researchers to implement the proposed changes with ease. The theory is an articulation of beliefs and postulations that direct the service delivery strategies (McFarlane & Anderson, 2008). Furthermore, the theory symbolizes beliefs about the needs of the target population and the strategies of satisfying them. As a result, it considers the association between the strategies and the real outcomes while making connections between the people being served, the strategies, the implemented activities and the expected outcomes. The theory of change contains two extensive components. The first component entails conceptualization of frames of the theory. The frames are population, strategies and outcomes (Parker, 2007). Population are the people who benefit from the project, strategies are actions that satisfy the expected outcomes, while outcomes are what the researchers intend to achieve. Additionally, the second component entails creating and expressing an understanding of the relationship among population, strategies and outcomes. The theory of change assists the implementers to shift from passive collectors of information to active information users because it helps them understand the value of the information required as well as assisting them to develop research questions that focus on the population, the strategies and the outcome (McFarlane & Anderson, 2008). Finally, the theory helps the implementers to understand assumptions as well as expectations that direct their decisions, their actions and their resulting accomplishments. The theory supports the proposed solution by focusing on the population, the strategies and the outcomes. The population is the group of old people, the strategies are the proposed solutions that include environmental engineering, exercises and monitoring of medication therapy while the outcome is the intention of the researcher, which is to reduce the falls prevalence. Therefore, the theory of change ensures that the proposed solutions focus on the old people and that the rate of falls reduces. The incorporation of the theory into the project will take place from the beginning right through to the end of the project. This is because the theory entails identification of the problem, formulation of proposed solutions, implementation and evaluation. For instance, the population frame of the theory requires the researcher to identify the target population and that the project targets the old people. Additionally, the strategies are the proposed solutions and the researcher needs to use the theory to ensure that the solutions meet the needs of the old people. In conclusion, the theory of change is imperative in implementation of the falls prevention strategies. As a result, researchers should adopt the theory. References McFarlane, J., & Anderson, E. (2008). Community as Partner: Theory and Practice in Nursing. New York: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. Parker, M. (2007). Patterns of Nursing Theories in Practice. Oxford: Oxford Publisher.
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ALM Unlimited and the Trump Organization. Business Conflict Essay (Article) Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. The Case 3. Cost of the Conflict 4. Resolution of Conflict 5. Conclusion 6. References Introduction Business conflicts are inevitable. Conflicts may range from small disagreements to big and costly disagreements. Sometimes, if left unattended, minor conflicts may easily become major conflicts, thereby creating devastating consequences for the parties involved. Businesses may suffer reputational damage, time and resource wastage, and the loss of future investment opportunities (among other ramifications) from business conflicts (Davis, 2012). To avoid these consequences, many businesses prefer to avoid conflict altogether, as opposed to solving them. However, some businesses are unsuccessful in doing so. The Trump Organization is one such entity that has failed to avoid conflict in the last decade. This article delves into the intrigues of a recently concluded dispute between the organization and New York-based licensing firm, ALM Unlimited. This paper explains the details of the conflict, including the cost of the conflict, the resolution of the conflict, and the undertones of the disagreement. The Case Informed of its role in helping the flamboyant real estate developer, Donald Trump, to secure a lucrative clothing contract with Phillips-Van Heusen (PVH) Company, ALM Unlimited named the Trump Organization in a lawsuit for unlawful termination of remittances to its organization (Clarke, 2013). In its defense, the Trump Organization claimed it had wrongfully remitted payments to ALM Unlimited. The company also said its payment to ALM Unlimited was supposed to be a one-off payment (McCoy, 2011). Moreover, according to Donald Trump, ALM Unlimited played a minimal role in helping the Trump Organization to secure the multimillion-dollar contract with PVH. In his submissions at a New York court, Donald Trump revealed that his company had received above $3,000,000 in royalties from the contentious deal (Clarke, 2013). Cost of the Conflict The cost of conflict is the amount of money a party aims to gain or lose from a business conflict. However, Davis (2012) says that when businesses are in conflict, the cost of the conflict often transcends the amount of money quoted in lawsuits, or the fees paid out to the lawyers. Instead, he says, “The financial and emotional effects, wasted time, and lost productivity of businesses and individuals contribute to the overall costs of conflict” (Davis, 2012, p. 32). An overexposure of conflict may further lead to more damages, especially when the warring parties have to do business with other companies. Observers have said that the conflict between the Trump Organization and ALM Unlimited transcends the cost of litigation (McCoy, 2011). They argue that the Trump Organization largely bases its success from the strength of the “Trump” brand. Therefore, an overexposure of the brand to business conflict paints a bad picture for the company because it hurts the business. McCoy (2011) affirms this fact when he says overexposure is bad for business because other organizations will be hesitant to do business with a defamed brand. Despite the merit of these arguments, this paper acknowledges the importance of understanding conflict on a case-by-case basis. Stated differently, the business conflict between the Trump Organization and ALM Unlimited presents unique dynamics that inform its cost of conflict. Concisely, based on the arguments advanced by the Trump Organization and ALM Unlimited, the amount of contention was about $75,000 annually. This is the cost of the conflict. This figure comes from the amount of money paid by the Trump organization to ALM Unlimited (since the two parties started business). In detail, since the Trump organization entered into the clothing business with Phillips-Van Heusen, it has paid about $350,000 to ALM. The organization made these payments between 2004 and 2008 when it stopped the payments (this has been a four-year stretch). Based on calculations of the amount received by ALM international over the four-year stretch, the company wanted periodical payments of $75,000 annually. Resolution of Conflict Businesses choose to resolve conflicts in different ways. Some choose to resolve conflicts through personal agreements (business-to-business agreements); others choose to identify an arbitrator to mediate the conflict, while many businesses seek a legal solution to conflict resolution. The conflict between the Trump Organization and ALM Unlimited ended through a legal solution. A Supreme Court judge, based in New York, ruled that the Trump Organization had no case to answer in the above-mentioned business conflict (Clarke, 2013). The judge sidestepped a sitting jury, which heard the case for close to a week, by issuing a direct order that dismissed the case because of lack of sufficient evidence to show that the two organizations had a binding contract. This ruling ended the four-year conflict. Conclusion It is often difficult to predict the ramifications of business conflicts, or their end. However, for ALM Unlimited and the Trump Organization, their conflict was resolved through legal means, without any serious ramifications for any of the parties. The resolution of conflict through the courts should however be regarded as a last resort for doing so because less expensive and expeditious methods exist for solving such conflicts (outside courts). Arbitration is one example of an inexpensive and expeditious process for solving business conflicts. Nonetheless, regardless of the nature or magnitude of business conflicts, they should be resolved expeditiously because delaying the conflict resolution process only worsens the outcome. References Clarke, K. (2013). The Donald Triumphs at Trial over Clothing Royalties . Web. Davis, P. (2012). A model for strategy implementation and conflict resolution in the franchise business. Strategy & Leadership , 40(5), 32 – 38. McCoy, K. (2011). Donald Trump Faces Lawsuits over Business Deals . Web.
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The dominant vision of the meaning of love in life presented in the story is usually associated with the speaker’s specific point of view. In spite of the fact that Kate Chopin’s “The Storm” and O. Henry’s “The Gift of the Magi” are similar because these short stories discuss the theme of love and desire, the speakers’ points of view presented in the stories are absolutely different. The reader receives the opportunity to focus on different representations of love and passion as characters’ strong feelings. Thus, Chopin’s point of view can be described as realistic and even cynical because the adultery leads to happiness in her story; in contrast, O. Henry’s point of view and tone can be discussed as romantic and hopeful because it is an altruistic desire to give and share that leads to happiness in the described family. Although Chopin uses the metaphor of storm in order to describe the adultery and the female character’s desire and passion, the speaker’s presentation of the love affair is extremely realistic and focused on details. Calixta and Alcee are the former lovers who lack the real passion in their marriages, and they choose to express their desire that is destructive like the storm. Thus, the speaker describes the adultery at the background of the storm quite realistically. However, the tone and point of view become cynical when the speaker describes the intentions of Calixta’s husband to buy something to please the wife (Chopin 97). In contrast, Calixta seems to forget about her role of the wife and mother, and she becomes concentrated on her passion and desire. The author ends the story saying, “So the storm passed and everyone was happy” (Chopin 99). It seems that both Calixta and Alcee do not feel any guilt because of their adultery. Furthermore, the characters’ calmness and Chopin’s references to the Virgin Mary and Assumption make the reader doubt regarding the realness of the characters’ love (Chopin 98). The speaker accentuates the cynical reality of life while demonstrating the ambiguity of the characters’ feelings. On the contrary, Della and Jim, the main characters of O. Henry’s short story are the embodiments of the real lovers who are devoted to each other. In spite of the fact that the speaker’s tone is rather ironical, the point of view can be discussed as romantic and hopeful. Della and Jim are ready to present their treasures to each other because of the great feeling of love and because giving is happiness for these young people. Thus, O. Henry describes Della’s desire to find the best gift for Jim stating, “Many a happy hour she had spent planning for something nice for him” (Henry 165). Even understanding that their gifts are useless, Della and Jim realise the real strength of their love. Thus, the writer intended to demonstrate the romantic love of the young couple while accentuating the value of their feelings and their hope for the future. From this perspective, it is possible to state that the speaker’s point of view in “The Storm” is more realistic and cynical because Calixta and Alcee’s passion and desire lead to happiness instead of guilt, in contrast to the romantic discussion of love. On the contrary, Della and Jim’s useless actions lead to the fulfilment and happiness because they tenderly love each other. Thus, O. Henry’s vision of love is rather hopeful and romantic in this story. Works Cited Achebe, Chinua. “Dead Men’s Path”. Backpack Literature . Ed. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. Boston: Pearson, 2012. 269-272. Print. Chopin, Kate. “The Storm”. Backpack Literature . Ed. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. Boston: Pearson, 2012. 95-100. Print. Henry, O. “The Gift of the Magi”. Backpack Literature . Ed. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. Boston: Pearson, 2012. 164-168. Print. Updike, John. “A&P”. Backpack Literature . Ed. X. J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. Boston: Pearson, 2012. 18-23. Print.
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Love and Relationships in “The Notebook” Movie Essay Introduction The influence of popular culture on the lives of billions of people cannot be overestimated or under-evaluated. Popular culture is a part of modern life. It is called ‘popular’ because the vast majority of people understand it and react according to personal preferences, would it be the positive or negative, or neutral perception of the particular piece of popular culture. Mass production of popular culture content affects the quality of the outcomes. The paper explores the motion picture The Notebook because it is one of the vivid examples of a romantic story that demonstrates how love helps people to overcome challenges in life. Favorite Piece The movie called The Notebook depicts the classic love triangle between the girl, Allie Hamilton, an innocent girl from the respectful family, Noah Calhoun, a young man from the countryside, and Lon Hammond, Jr., a perspective rich young lawyer. The summer months spent by Noah and Allie together sparkled a great teenage love that had been forbidden by Allie’s mother who took Allie away from Noah. He tried to contact Allie but failed as the mother did not want to allow it to happen. In despair, Noah went to World War II with his friend Fin who was killed in a battle later. Allie met Lon at the war and thought she fell in love again. However, once they accidentally met, Allie and Noah realized that their love was still burning in their hearts and reunited. The had a happy life with a house, children, and grandchildren until Allie got sick and started to forget her beloved ones. Noah kept reading her the notebook with the story of their life inside day after day to the moment when death reunited them again. Reflection It is one of my favorite stories about love and strong will that allowed people to be together. It teaches me that nothing is over, and there is always a chance to achieve the desired goal. Everything depends on the efforts applied. I have learned from this movie that passion, loyalty, strong will, and patience can lead to the results a person desires the most. Additionally, it is a very romantic story that emphasizes the power of love. Distances, time, and will of other people cannot be stronger than true love. Even the fact that your beloved partner forgets you every morning can be overthrown by the power love. Expectations and Social Norms In The Notebook, the love of a rich girl and a countryside boy breaks the social norms acceptable for both classes. It has always been inappropriate to have a relationship between the poor and the rich, so Allie and Noah break social norms in the story. However, their love is bigger than any barrier of such kind. A viewer expects from the movie some miracle and it happens. The insightful factor of the story is the idea that no one should give up on something or somebody if the desire is big enough. Noah fought for his happiness even after Allie got sick and did it every day, reading the notebook to her to remind that their love was still alive. Conclusion Summing, the paper explored the motion picture The Notebook because it is one of the vivid examples of a romantic story that demonstrates how love helps people to overcome the challenges in life. This classic love story emphasizes the power of love and teaches to never give up as everything is possible. It is a great, heart-piercing story that can be recommended to watch.
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Problem Solving Process in Mathematics Essay Problem solving is the practice of working through the “facts” of a problem or situation to get a solution. Problem solving entails the systematic use of “operations” to measure thinking abilities and skills. Problem solving practices help children to develop cognitive skills. Polya’s model offers four principles for solving different mathematical problems. The first principle is to “understand the problem”. At this stage, the learner thinks of the best “strategy” to find a solution. The second principle is “devising a conceptual plan”. The stage helps learners to consider the best strategies to get a solution. The third stage is “carrying out the plan”. This stage entails using the selected plan or choosing a better strategy. The fourth principle is “looking back”. At this stage, the learner examines what he or she has done to obtain the “solution”. Problem solving in mathematics is vital because it helps learners develop high-order thinking and analytical skills. The learners also become critical thinkers and address the problems encountered in life. Learners use various strategies to solve mathematical problems. The first one is “model drawing”. The strategy involves the use of visual effects. For example, learners required to add 5 to 2 would draw 5 and 2 cars to get 7. The other strategy is “drawing a picture”. A learner can draw pictures when adding numbers. For example, a child can draw three and two pens to get five. The third strategy is “making a systematic list”. Systematic “lists” can help learners memorize numerical numbers. For example, a child expected to write numbers 1 to 10 could make a systematic list of items from one to ten. The fourth strategy is “working backwards” as explained in this example. Jimmy spent five dollars to remain with five dollars. How many dollars did he have in total? The child will work from $5 and add 5 to get $10. Learner in different grades will use these strategies differently. The first strategy is “drawing a picture”. A second grade science learner can use the method to solve mathematical problems as follows: A carpenter makes four pieces from a wood. How many cuts does she make? The learner will draw a piece of wood and divide it into four pieces. The child will get three “cuts”. A sixth grade learner can use the strategy as follows: In a party, there were three couples. Every person shook each one’s hand once. What was the total number of handshakes? The learner will draw letters to represent the couples and handshakes made. The second strategy is “working backwards” as presented below. A child had saved some money. His father gave him 10 dollars. He spent 13 dollars to remain with 7 dollars. How much had he saved? From this problem, the learner will begin with 7 dollars. The next thing is to add 13 to get 20. The learner will then subtract the $10 obtained from the father to get 10 dollars. A sixth grade learner can work backwards to solve the problem below. Agnes, Ann, and Angel had some coins. Agnes gave Ann 12 coins. Ann gave Angel 10 coins while Angel gave Agnes 4 coins. They all had 20 coins. What is the number of everyone’s coins at the beginning? The learner can work backwards from 20 coins to get the answer. In conclusion, teachers should incorporate problem-solving activities into instruction because they help sharpen the learners’ skills and competencies. The methods can also make the learning process easier. The learners can use these strategies to achieve mastery and proficiency in mathematics problem solving. These general heuristics for problem solving are important because they can help people become critical thinkers. Such activities can help learners develop the best interactional and decision-making skills. They also provide skills for dealing with challenges in life.
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History of Catholic Church Essay Catholic religion dominated the lives of the medieval people between the 5 th and the 15 th century. Whether one was a peasant or a King, he/she had to dedicate his/her life to the church. Catholic religion became the only acceptable Christian religion, as it had a universal meaning. So powerful was the institution that it had its own lands, taxes, and laws. Apart from tax collection, the Catholic Church received gifts from people who wanted favors from heaven. With the power, the church became so wealthy that it could even influence decisions of European Kings (“Middle Ages Religion” par. 4). Attempts to oppose the Catholic Church would lead to excommunication. It was not easy to dislodge Christianity from the lives and minds of the medieval men and women, as it was a template of ideas and modes of behavior. Within hours of birth an individual had to be baptized since it was one of the important events in the lives of medieval people. Christianity of the medieval age had rituals and symbolisms in its practice. The village priest was responsible for consistent and regular administration of vital sacraments. In addition, he had the role of absolving women and men of their sins upon confession. Notably, the church wielded a lot of power during the medieval period in Europe. The rise of Charlemagne and Carolingian Empire helped in protecting the church from criticism, and went on to unite its people under the church (“Middle Ages Religion” par. 7). He further organized for training programs for the clergy in order to make them more intellectual, moral and effective in their service delivery. Renaissance humanism consists of teachings of Roman and Greek that scholars compiled in Italy and later spread across Europe (“Renaissance Humanism” par. 1). Humanism developed to challenge the utilitarian approach and its scholastic education associated with it. It aimed at instilling creativity skills in men and women, as well as reading and writing skills. The whole concept of renaissance humanism drifted away from the medieval Christianity given that it intended to encourage independence of the mind. In Italy, for instance, Francesco Petrarch (1304-1374) who stood for conservative humanism had to balance extreme piety and frank secularism given the evidence and accuracy of ideas from most scientific activities (“Renaissance Humanism” par. 5). This illustrates the rebirth of individualism where one thinks for himself/herself; however, the rise of caste system in the church suppressed the concept of individualism. For instance, the church was of the view that individualism brought arrogance and rebellion to Christian teachings. Humanists were more concerned with the surrounding environment than with heaven’s mysteries. Machiavelli included the concept of individual expression and intellectual freedom in his literature, thus eliciting the protestant revolt. The Byzantine Empire went to war with Bulgaria in the 11 th century. So costly was the war that the Byzantine could not fight the Ottoman Turks for curving much of the state into Sultunate of Rum. The capture of the King resulted in several attacks in 1071. Constant attacks by the Islamic neighbors further weakened the empire; this made it lose control over Constantinople in 1204 (Duiker and Spielvoge 47). When the Byzantine Empire lost control of its cities, a puppet government was established that weakened further the essential aspects of the empire. Misappropriation of funds coupled with the numerous external and internal conflicts resulted in the fall of the once powerful empire in Italy in 1453. In allowing the West into the territory to help fight the Islamists during the first crusade, Byzantine continued to lose grip of the region. The fourth crusade partitioned the empire, hence weakening the King’s influence. From the analysis of the roles that crusades played, it is evident that they facilitated the fall of the Byzantine Empire. Works Cited Duiker, William J., and Jackson J. Spielvogel. The Essential World History . 7th ed. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth ;, 2013. Print. Middle Ages Religion, lordsandladies.org . N.p., n.d. Web. Renaissance Humanism, The History Guide . N.p., n.d. Web.
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It is the first time since the Great Depression that advanced markets and emerging businesses are in a recession. The right forecast is hard to make because it depends on numerous outgoing factors, however, they still provide possible options for recovery to rely on. In an article about the current situation, Amelia Thomson-DeVeaux discusses the forecasts of economic restoration. She says that the nature of recessions themselves makes it hard to predict as they have an unstable environment. The author says that most predictions are usually too positive, thus unreliable, which happened during the 2008 world crisis. The trajectory of the current situation depends on external factors that change every day. According to the IMF, Goldman Sachs, and Morgan Stanley, it is predicted to be a severe recession with the most significant drop in annual GDP since the first half of the last century (Thomson-DeVeaux, 2020). Thus, making a reliable forecast is not an easy task in current circumstances. It is hard to predict the recession and how bad it will be because each one has a specific nature, and there is no use in referring to past experiences. Each recession is unique as it is based on the economic conditions that triggered the downfall. Thus, people who predicted the last ones correctly and the methods that they used are not necessarily right in this particular situation. However, forecasts are not useless, even though they might not be correct because they give people a range of possible perspectives rather than a reliable outcome. If a recession lurks beyond this year’s point, economists are unlikely to predict it this far. The state of the economy is everchanging now, and it does not have patterns or past experiences to rely on. While policymakers are trying to adjust to the constantly new environment, the world faces tremendous uncertainty about what waits for it next. Nobody knows for sure how the situation will evolve, so it is vital to view forecasts as possible futures. References Thomson-DeVeaux, A. (2020). Even without a pandemic, it’s hard to forecast a recession . FiveThirtyEight. Web.
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Tariffs and Non-Tariff Barriers in the United States Essay What are the different ways in which tariffs are levied in the United States? Tariffs are like taxes, which are calculated on the basis of many different factors. Tariffs are based on the financial aspect of price regulations in the domestic market. The country where from and where to the goods are delivered, the trade contracts which are signed with this country, the specifics of the products, their weight (number) and price, etc. There are several types of tariffs, as well as the ways the cost is calculated. Protecting domestic employment is a tariff levied on the basis of the number of unemployed in the sphere the goods are produced. This type of tariff is usually highly politicized as it involved not only the economic part of the problem but also social. Protecting Consumers tariff is based on the idea of restricting customers from dangerous products. Infant industries tariff is levied highly as the country wants to protect the industries which are too young to make sure that the market is satisfied with its products. The government should make sure that the industry is going to develop in spite of the import of the same goods. The high tariff is considered as the protectionist strategy in this case. National Security and Retaliation protect the USA from the goods of bad quality. Here are the types of tariffs and trade barriers specific tariffs, ad valorem tariffs, licenses, import quotas, voluntary export, restraints, and local content requirements (Radcliffe). Each of these tariffs is levied under the conditions described above. The tariff cost depends on many factors, and in each case, they are different. The prices are impacted, and the government is to control the import and export tariffs to make sure that the country revenue increases, however, the importers and exporters do not feel too great complications in the financial side (Radcliffe). What are the various types of nontariff barriers imposed in the United States? Non-tariff barriers are regulations and delays which help the government keep foreign products far from the domestic markets for the country benefit. The main idea of the non-tariff barriers is to help the government to regulate the process on the domestic and imported goods in the case when the tariffs have already been levied, however, the country needs to reduce or increase the number of imported or exported goods. Quotas, embargo, voluntary export restraint (VER), subsidies to local goods, and local content requirement are the main types of non-tariff barriers (Coughlin and Wood 33). A quota is a limit on imported goods. The same is about export when the country does not allow domestic companies to export too much of the goods for the country benefit. The embargo is the type of non-tariff barrier when the import from a particular country is restricted absolutely. In other words, it is totally banned. Voluntary export restraint is imposed when c country feels huge trade deficit against another country. Subsidies to local goods Non-tariff barrier is imposed when a country wants to increase the competitive power of the domestic market. The local content requirement is based on the principle of branches when foreign companies feel that assembling is going to be more effective than the import of the goods. The opportunities for the country are based on the employment rate and income in economics (Coughlin and Wood 33). Works Cited Coughlin, Cletus C. and Geoffrey E. Wood. “An introduction to non-tariff barriers to trade.” Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. 1989. Web. Radcliffe, Brent. “The basics of tariffs and trade barriers.” Investopedia . 2011. Web.
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Collaborative Strategies in Healthcare Report (Assessment) The collaboration of specialists from different disciplines is a necessity to improve patient care. A comprehensive view of a few professionals on the problem helps to identify challenges and unique ways of their solving when one specialist is limited by his or her area of competence. Consequently, professional nurses can use such strategies to promote collaboration with other healthcare disciplines and professionals as setting shared goals and encouraging interpersonal communication, motivating, and eliminating domain thinking of the employees. The first task of a leader in nursing is to motivate his or her colleagues and subordinates to interact. Dongen et al. note that often, professionals focus only on their field and have a lack of interest in other areas of medicine, which is a manifestation of domain thinking (5). Therefore, a leader needs to motivate nurses to collaborate for the benefit of the patient. For this purpose, a manager can encourage interdisciplinary research by rewards or independently offer interesting topics and research papers from other areas. Besides, a leader should formulate common goals for specialists in various fields in addition to caring for the patient. Participation in the competition in which the prize is the financing of the hospital can be such a mission. Nurses can also initiate informal meetings at the hospital, as, according to Dongen et al., personal communication increases the chances of professional cooperation (5). Consequently, a friendly interaction of specialists from different fields can push them to work together. In conclusion, the main tasks of the leader in nursing are the motivation of their employees to collaborate in their area and find common goals with specialists from other disciplines. Nurses themselves will find ways to interact through the solution of joint problems or the need for consultation if they have sufficient motivation. At the same time, the leader can apply strategies aimed at finding like-minded people from different areas of medicine and hospital departments to improve patient care. Work Cited Dongen, Jerôme Jean Jacques van, et al. “Interprofessional Collaboration Regarding Patients’ Care Plans in Primary Care: A Focus Group Study into Influential Factors.” BMC Family Practice , vol. 17, no. 58, 2016, pp. 1-10.
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Sports Chalet Marketing Plan Case Study Introduction Marketing communication strategies are important in aligning a company towards the target market in order to achieve optimal sales. The main determinants of a successful marketing communication plan lies in the proper brand alignment and research on segmentation. In order to achieve the desired goals, positioning ensures clear difference of a company’s products from the existing products of its competitors. The strategic plan should internalize the aspects of business vision, mission, values, communication plan, and a balanced scorecard. Thus, this reflective paper will attempt to review the business and marketing environment of the Sport Chalet Company. Company description The Sport Chalet Company has been in operation for the last six decades. The company operates in the sports apparel industry and has fifty one stores spread across the U.S. The main categories of products retailed in this company include men’s wear, women’s wear, team sports gear, shoes, and solo sports gear. Among the most visible sports brands that are featured in the Sport Chalet store are Diamondback, Adidas, Nike, Premcor, and Columbia. The company specializes in sporting goods for sporting activities such as football, camping, Scuba, basketball, fitness, and swimming among others. In addition, the store has expanded it scope of operation to include rental services for sports and adventure equipment. The store features properly arranged sections for each category of the apparels it stocks (Sport Chalet, par. 2). The Sport Chalet store has grown over the years into relatively new markets and customer segments across the U.S. From its humble beginning in La Canada, the company expanded into Huntington Beach and other parts of Southern California. Following the success of its team and solo sports gear products, the company expanded into the consultancy services and Scuba classes. The company has been active in the NASDAQ since the year 1992. Sport Chalet boasts of a very dynamic and talented workforce. The company has introduced an online shopping platform which has become very popular in the last five years. The company has been facing competition from establishments such as the Adventure 16, Dick’s Sporting Goods, and the Sports Authority companies (Sport Chalet, par. 5). Rationale for developing a marketing communication plan for the company The Sport Chalet will eventually need to embrace more traditional media marketing in order to keep growing, especially when targeting clients. In order to effectively reach such audience, the proposed marketing communication plan will suggest the best advertisement strategies to cover its wide market area (Cheverton 21). Through the proposed marketing communication plan, the Sport Chalet will become a global brand that is preferred by most sports enthusiasts. The company will definitely have to branch out beyond its target market due to the brand dynamics and the need to expand market base. The company will have to decentralize its marketing strategies to meet the specific demands or consumer behaviour if it decides to implement internalisation strategies that will be proposed (Cheverton 41). These aspects influence the need to carry out a comprehensive marketing communication plan the Sport Chalet Company. Conclusion The Sport Chalet Company is positioned to reap heavily from the recommendations that will be in the proposed marketing communication plan. Despite its wide market, there is need to counter competition and ensure business sustainability. Currently, the market dynamics discussed above should be skewed to optimise the company’s product performance. The strategies to ensure business sustainability will be presented in the proposed marketing communication plan. Works Cited Cheverton, Philip. Key marketing skills: Strategies, tools, and techniques for marketing success, London, UK: Kogan Page, 2004. Print. Sport Chalet. About Us . 15 Sep. 2014. Web.
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Ethics in the Film “A Time to Kill” Analytical Essay One of the main characters in the movie “A Time to Kill” is Carl (IMBD.com, 2013). Carl realizes that some goons have assaulted his daughter sexually, a few hours after it occurred (IMBD.com, 2013). He immediately runs home to rescue the young girl from the traumatizing experience. It is upon arriving home that he faces an ethical dilemma. He is stuck between dealing with the case individually and reporting the case to the courts. After thinking carefully, Carl resolves to deal with the two suspects individually (IMBD.com, 2013). He reacts by killing the two suspects on the spot. Carl decides to kill the two men when he recalls a case that had happened the previous year, whereby four white men raped a dark-skinned girl and the court dismissed the case (IMBD.com, 2013). According to Carl, the verdict reached by the court was unfair. As a result, Carl undermines the possibility of the courts doing justice to the two men this time round. He views the actions of the two white men as a plan by white Americans to terrorize the African- American people. Therefore, he decides to take the law into his own hands (IMBD.com, 2013). By so doing, Carl hopes to protect all children of the African origin, including his own daughters and the entire black society from the injustices of the white men. I choose to explain this action through the theory of utilitarianism. The principle of utilitarianism emphasizes on the need to rely on reason and not metaphysics. This principle originated from the ideas of John Stuart Mill that the correctness or fairness of an action can be recognized by examining its outcomes or consequences (West, 2004). If the results are favorable, Mill considers an action or decision as moral. On the other hand, Mill considers an action or decision as immoral if the consequences are undesirable. Therefore, the theory of utilitarianism is a “teological principle or a consequential theory” (Carroll & Buchholtz, 2010, p.248). The utilitarianism theory claims, “Our actions should always seek to produce the greatest ratio of good to evil for everybody” (West, 2004, p.169). A different manner of explaining utilitarianism is to state that one ought to do things that embody the greatest good for the greatest number of people. This is what Mill calls the law of greatest happiness. According to this ideology, human beings seek to decrease pain and maximize happiness. Hence, an action that is correct morally must lead to the greatest possible pleasure. The good thing with utilitarianism is that it leads the decision maker to consider the common good or general welfare. It offers a norm outside of egotism by which to evaluate the value of a certain action. The utilitarianism theory applies to Carl’s action (killing the two men who raped his daughter) because he had to consider consequences that would follow. By killing the two men, Carl would save other African-American children from the two rapists, but at the same time, there was a possibility that he would face murder charges and infuriate the entire white society. Therefore, to determine whether the action was moral or not, we can evaluate these consequences against the principles of the theory. The first step in applying this theory is examining whether the consequences of the action are good, or bad. If the consequences seem favorable, then the action is morally right. On the other hand, if the consequences are unfavorable, the action is automatically immoral. The second step entails examining whether the action represents the greatest good for the greatest number. Here, we examine the number of people that an action benefits. If an action benefits the majority, it becomes morally right and if it benefits only a small number, then it is immoral. The third step entails examining whether the action leads to the greatest possible pleasure through decreasing pain and maximizing happiness. Actions that seem to decrease pain and maximize pleasure are morally right, while those that increase pain and minimize pleasure are immoral. Based on these considerations, Carl’s action is both ethical and unethical. Carl’s action is ethical because Carl kills the two racist men so that they cannot assault more children of the African- American community. Therefore, the consequences of Carl’s action are desirable to the African- American community. The action also produces the greatest good for the greatest number when we weigh the entire African-American community against the two white men. In addition, the action leads to the greatest possible pleasure because it reduces suffering among children of the African-American community. Therefore, Carl’s action meets the criteria of all the three rules discussed above, from this perspective. On the other hand, Carl’s action is unethical because the entire white society experiences pain after the two men die. Therefore, the consequence is undesirable and does not represent the greatest good for the majority, considering that the African-American community is a minority group. Again, the action does not maximize pleasure among the whites, since the loss of their members infuriates them. Therefore, Carl’s action does not meet the criteria of any of the three rules discussed above, from this perspective. Therefore, we can say Carl’s action is ethical or unethical, depending on the perspective we take. References Carroll, A. B., & Buchholtz, A. K. (2010). Business and society: Ethics and stakeholder management . Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. IMBD.com (2013). A time to kill: The internet movie database . Retrieved from https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0117913/ West, H. R. (2004). An introduction to Mill’s utilitarian ethics . Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
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Religion. The Upanishads: Analysis & Interpretation Essay The Upanishads are considered as part of the Vedas of the Hindu scriptures. The core spiritual essence of Vedantic Hinduism is philosophy, meditation, and the nature of God. They are considered as the mystic or spiritual contemplations of the Vedas, their putative end and essence. Edmunds (1979) suggested that the Upanishads are known as Vedānta or the culmination of the Vedas and focus on belief in a world soul, a universal spirit, Brahman, and an individual soul. The Vedanta is composed of Āranyakas and Upanishads, of which Aranyakas or ‘of the forest’ provide meditative yogic practices, contemplations of the mystic one, and the manifold manifested principles. The Upanishads, on the other hand, provide a realization of the monist and universal mystical ideas that started in earlier Vedic hymns. These have exerted an influence on the rest of Hindu and Indian philosophy. It was written in the Taitiriya Upanishad that, “He who knows the Bliss of Brahman, whence words together with the mind turn away, unable to reach It? He is not afraid of anything whatsoever. He does not distress himself with the thought: ‘Why did I not do what is good? Why did I do what is evil?’ Whosoever knows this regards both these as Atman; indeed, he cherishes both these as Atman. Such, indeed, is the Upanishad, the secret knowledge of Brahman.” Interestingly, the Upanishads do not belong to a particular period of Sanskrit literature. The oldest ones are the Brhadaranyaka and Chandogya Upanishads that date to the Brahmana period, estimated at the 7th century BC before Gita was started. The more recent ones were composed in the medieval or early modern period. As early as the late nineteenth century, Whitney (1886) has noted that “…the earliest Upanishads, about a dozen in number… are documents of high importance for their bearing on the history both of religion and philosophy in India. Taken together with kindred passages in the Brahmanas, and a few even in the Vedic hymns themselves, they exhibit the beginnings of a new movement in that history, one which is to a certain extent comparable with the prophetic movement among the Hebrews — as being, namely, a revolution against the prevailing bondage to ceremonial observances and belief in their sufficiency to salvation: only, instead of making toward a purer monotheism and loftier private and public morality, it tends to pantheism, mysticism, and metempsychosis. Not an exalted devotion to duty, but the possession of mystic knowledge, leads India to eternal blessedness” (p 2). Radhakrishnan (1928) have noted that Upanishads “had no set theory of philosophy or dogmatic scheme of theology to propound. They hint at the truth in life but not yet in science and philosophy. So numerous are their suggestions of truth, so various are the guesses at God, that almost anybody may seek in them what he wants and find what he seeks” (p 120). There have been varying categories of Upanishads. The later additions are highly sectarian and suggested to represent the strategies used by sectarian movements to legitimate their own texts by granting them the nominal status of Śruti (Holdrege, 1995). Radhakrishnan (1953) suggested that the significance of the Upanishads was that they represent a great chapter in history as well as “disclose the working primal impulses of the human soul which rise above the differences of race and geographical position. To sum up, Upanishads have mystical nature and intense philosophical bent that does away with all rituals and completely embraces principles of One Brahman and the inner Atman or self. They have a universal feel leading to interpretation in various manners that have given birth to the three schools of Vedanta. It has also been interpreted as “Tat Tvam Asi” or “That thou art” by the Advaita Vedanta. It provides the belief that in the end, the ultimate, formless, inconceivable Brahman is the same as our soul or self and that humans may realize it through discrimination. In addition, it was suggested that the Upanishads contain the first and most definitive “aum” as the divine word, the cosmic vibration of all existence and having multiple beings and principles incorporated into “One Self.” The philosophy provided for by various literature leads to a belief in the ultimate “self,” the same as Brahman, which could easily be perceived as very appealing. In this way, many seekers of salvation and eternity would be swayed to the Upanishads as, although notably mystical, it provides quite an easy way out. Its malleability of interpretation could adopt many ways to embrace a lot of probable scope in religion and philosophy, thereby providing a real threat to other religious or philosophical beliefs. Reference Edmonds, I.G. (1979). Hinduism. New York: Franklin Watts. Holdrege, Barbara A. (1995), Veda and Torah, Albany: SUNY Press. Taittiriya Upanishad Chpt 9 (II-9-1). Radhakrishnan, S. (1928). “Indian Philosophy.” Mind, New Series, Vol. 37, No. 145, pp. 130-131. Radhakrishnan, S. (1953). The Principal Upanishads. Harper and Brothers. Whitney, W.D. (1886). “The Upanishads and Their Latest Translation.” The American Journal of Philology 7 (1), pp. 1-26.
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Sexual Harassment Policy for the Company Essay Sexual harassment policy for the company that would address harassment issues for all employees Sexual harassment refers to any advances, requests, communication, contact, or any other form of gesture with another person in a manner which causes discomfort to the person (Barbara, 2007, pp. 213-234). The surest way of addressing sexual harassment, which commonly occurs in many organizations, is by preventing it. The task of preventing sexual harassment lies squarely on the employer. The employer must develop anti-harassment rules which must be applied to all employees (Quick & Nelson, 2013). The policy on sexual harassment should be monitored and reviewed periodically. Sexual harassment incidences must be promptly investigated, and employees who feel harassed be supported. Disciplinary measures must be taken on employees found to be sexually harassing others. Should men and women have equal treatment in sexual harassment issues? Men and women should be treated equally in sexual harassment issues. For long, women have been marginalized and have relied on affirmative action to promote their interests in this male-dominated world (Murphy & Graff, 2005). However, the workplace environment has today changed. There is stiff competition, and both men and women are aggressively seeking better opportunities. Professionals in HR and gender matters believe that female employees should not liken this aggression to sexual harassment. It is a pure competition where the fittest survive in the quest for lucrative positions and power (Knights & Willmott, 2012). Similar standards should, therefore, be applied when handling issues of sexual harassment regardless of whether the complaint has been raised by a male or female employee (Agars, 2004, pp. 103-111). Ways businesses should balance the need for increased productivity with the needs and concerns of the employees Successful businesses are those that can create a balance between productivity improvement and flexible work-life for employees (Armstrong & Baron, 2002). This arrangement benefits both the employer and the employee. The business should be able to harness maximum employee productivity without the employee feeling stressed and overwhelmed. The business must seek to be an employer of choice who provides financial rewards and work-life balance policies (Stewart & Brown, 2012). A good employer gives employees clear and realistic objectives, with realistic timelines and expected results (Clegg et al., 2011). Employees should be given periodic breaks and should have consistent expectations. The employees should be encouraged and praised when they deserve it. Appreciating employees for a job well done will go a long way in communicating that they are valued for their contribution (Stewart & Brown, 2012). Any employee who makes a mistake should not be punished but should be taught the right ways of accomplishing the task. The business should create an enabling working environment that promotes maximum employee productivity. The employees should have material and financial support alongside the right equipment, materials, aeration, and lighting as well as protective clothing (Clegg et al., 2011). References Agars, D. M. (2004). Reconsidering the impact of gender stereotypes on the advancement of women in organizations. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 28 (2), 103-111. Web. Armstrong, M., & Baron, A. (2002). Strategic HRM: The route to improved business performance . London: Charted Institute of Personnel and Development. Barbara, R. B. (2007). Discrimination through the economist’s eye. In F. J. Crosby, M. S. Stockdale, & S. A. Ropp (Eds.), Sex discrimination in the workplace (pp. 213-234). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. Clegg, S., Kornberger, M., & Pitsis, T. (2011). Managing and organisations: An introduction to theory and practice (3rd ed.). London: Sage. Knights, D., & Willmott, H. (2012). Introducing organisational behaviour and management (2nd ed.). London: Thompson Learning. Murphy, E., & Graff, E. J. (2005). Getting even: Why women don’t get paid like men-and what to do about it. New York: Touchstone. Quick, J. C., & Nelson, D. L. (2013). Principals of organisational behaviour: Realities and challenges (8th ed.). South Western: Cengage Learning. Stewart, G. L., & Brown, K. G. (2012). Human resource management (2nd ed.).Danvers, MA: John Wiley & Sons.
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Introduction 2. Discussion 3. Conclusion 4. References Introduction Myeloma is a type of blood cancer characterized by symptoms like the destruction of bones, anemia, and hypercalcemia. This condition is currently incurable although scientists have made great attempts in morbidity. Today, in clinical treatments, physicians use immunomodulatory drugs like lenalidomide, thalidomide, and pomalidomide. In non-clinical treatment attempts, physicians use proteasome inhibitors, and bortezomib. In addition, they also apply conformational chemotherapy that is integrated with supportive therapy. Since myeloma is an integral condition in human health, nurses should always be updated on the treatment and side effects of this disease. This paper seeks to discuss myeloma and its treatment. Discussion According to Devenney &Erickson (2004, p.401), myeloma is the second most prevailing blood cancer. This cancer arises from the uncontrolled growth and multiplication of blood plasma cells. The major characteristics of this cancer are renal failure, anemia, lytic lesions on the bones, and excess monoclonal immunoglobulin. According to Dvorak (2006, p.190), myeloma is more prevalent in older persons especially between 65 years and 68 years. Though rare, this cancer can also affect young persons. Turesson et al. (2010, p. 225) argue that the effect of myeloma increases with an increase in age. Although the actual cause of myeloma is not known, radiations and exposure to agrochemicals have been cited as causative factors. Myeloma development prevalence can be either genetically or environmentally associated with certain families. Asymptomatic disorders of the plasma can also grow to myeloma, for example, monoclonal gammopathy and smouldering myeloma. There are several steps that are involved in the development of myeloma in the blood plasma. The body’s immune cells that fight infections start as stem cells and grow to form lymphoid and myeloids. Lymphoid cell divides to form T or B lymphocytes. Pathogens invading the body are killed by mature blood plasma cells called immunoglobulins. These are developed from B cells. Immunoglobulins are made of heavy and light chains. The Kappa and lambda make the light chains while the heavy chains constitute of 1gM, 1gA, 1gD, 1gE and 1gG. From an abnormal production of one of these five immunoglobulins myeloma is developed. The condition is characterized by more than 10% production of mature blood plasma cells usually in the bone marrow. Myolema usually destroys bones. This is an outcome of osteolytic bone lesions that results to hypercalcaemia, bone fractures and pain. Myeloma cells produce osteoclast activating factors, cytokines that cause lesions on the bones in myeloma. According to Kyle (1999, p.35), the environment of the bone interacts with the myeloma cells causing diseases of the bone due to unmatched development between the two. To diagnose myolema, serum, urine protein and bone marrow aspirate are analyzed. If there is any observation of paraprotein in serum or urine, then the disease is present. Myolema can also be noticed with presence of lytic lesion when X-ray is done. To detect skeletal myeloma radiotherapy technique is applied. The results are then subjected to tomography using computers in order to make clear any ambiguous findings. When osteoclast increases without marched bone development, excess calcium secretions result leading to hyercalcaemia. Myeloma patients may therefore experience nausea, confusion, lethargy and may even vomit. The advance effect of hypercalcemia may be renal failure, cardiac arrest or patients may go into a coma. In some cases, renal failure may result due to the accumulation of insoluble fibrils in the renal tubules of the kidney. This may also result in renal swelling due to excess filtration of light chains. The major characteristics of renal insufficiency may include increased creatinine levels, urea, calcium and high levels of urea. Medical practitioners, therefore, use sufficient hydration to treat renal failure though it only decreases the light chains prevalence. It is, therefore, necessary to also involve the use of antimyeloma to treat renal failure. Practitioners should also manage hypercalcaemia through biphosphonates when creatinine increases. According to Durie et al. (200, p.279), any opportunistic infection should also be treated on time without using steroids, anti-inflammatory drugs and contrast media dyes. Patients are also characterized by anemic characteristics. According to Harousseau (2002, p.253), the patients experience fatigue, general body weakness and even dyspnoea. This is due to the replacement of red blood cells by plasma cells and increased destruction of red blood cells. In such cases, the patients should be given erythropoinetin when thorough treatment commences. Conclusion In conclusion, Myeloma is still a complicated illness to detect and treat. Better life styles and medical intervention are the best remedy for this disease. Though there is no exact cure, new knowledge of the disease is leading to more reliable therapies for treatment giving new and better hope for patients suffering from this disease. Nurses, who play a big role in therapy and treatment of multiple myeloma should therefore keep themselves updated with the current trends of its diagnosis and treatment. References Devenney, B., & Erickson, C. (2004). Multiple myeloma: an overview. Clin J Oncol Nurs 8(4): 401–5. Durie, BGM, Kyle, R.A., Belch, A., et al. (2003). Myeloma management guidelines: a consensus report from the Scientific Advisors of the International Myeloma Foundation. Hematol J 4(6): 379–98. Dvorak, C. (2006). Common complaints, difficult diagnosis: multiple myeloma. J Am Acad Nurse Pract 18(5): 190–4. Harousseau, J.L. (2002). Management of multiple myeloma. Rev Clin Exp Hematol 6(3): 253–75. Kyle, R.A. (1999). Maintenance therapy and supportive care for patients with multiple Myeloma. Semin Oncol 26(5): 35–42. Turesson, I., Velez, R., Kristinsson, S.Y., Landgren, OLA. (2010). Patterns of multiple myeloma during the past 5 decades: Stable incidence rates for all age groups in the population but rapidly changing age distribution in the clinic. Mayo Clin Proc 85(3): 225–30.
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Oil Price, Production, and Consumption in the UAE Essay (Article Review) The United Arab Emirates is well-known for its oil and gas reserves and the possibility to export these products to different nations, which makes this country a significant partner in the global market of energy. The government takes all the necessary steps to promote innovation and the best technologies to support the oil industry. The establishment and control of oil prices in the UAE are the burning topics in the country, and many articles discuss these themes from different perspectives. In this paper, special attention will be paid to the investigations of Dargin, Saderuddin and Barghathi, and Tabash and Khan. As one of the leading producers of oil in the world, the UAE has to work hard to continue developing other industries and strengthen its economic activities. There are many methods to control oil prices in the country, and Dargin is the author of the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) method. In his article “Oil production and consumption: Strategies for the UAE”, Dargin (2014) explained the worth of the EOR method as the possibility to increase natural gas consumption, establish working renewable energy goals, and decrease the rising of oil consumption. Several strong recommendations from the point of view of technological innovations were developed in the article. In 2012, the UAE produced about 17.3 million barrels per day, which increased its oil reserves up to 489.4 billion barrels (about 36% of global supply) (Dargin, 2014). The author developed a number of figures to demonstrate how effective or ineffective EOR methods can be, and what the current oil situation is in the country. After a thorough evaluation of gas demand, oil prices, and consumption of energy resources, Dargin introduced several policies to stabilize oil and gas consumption. His ideas were based on the necessity to search for alternative resources like CO 2 incorporation, nitrogen usage, and solar thermal products. EOR is possible through the promotion of technological innovation in the transportation section, new mass transit systems, and reduction of gas consumption or carbon emissions. The article “The impacts of the introduction of VAT on the audit profession and economy in the UAE” is written by Saderuddin and Barghathi in 2018 and is based on the auditors’ perspective. The goal of the author is to discuss value-added tax (VAT), as another means of indirect taxation, and its impact on national revenues, tax system, and the gross domestic product (GDP). In general, the development of the country’s economy may undergo considerable changes due to the implementation of VAT. Auditors are free to demonstrate different attitudes toward VAT and the necessity to control the economy of the UAE. However, in general, the majority of professionals agreed that VAT did not have a considerable impact on audit as a profession and its quality. On the contrary, an auditor should be a person to ensure the correctness of VAT amounts (Saderuddin & Barghathi, 2018). In oil price control, VAT is just another step to be taken properly. The authors of the article underlined that it is important for the UAE to stabilize its oil prices and solve economic problems associated with unpredictable falls and required rises. The introduction of VAT is a good step towards sustainable economic growth, promoting low-margin business, and control of transparent dealings. Although the chosen qualitative research and literature review presents rather subjective information, the article contains helpful information to understand the current economic and oil-related situation in the UAE. During a considerable period of time, the UAE was defined as a country with stable oil prices. However, after the year 2004, the country underwent considerable economic changes that resulted in price growth from $20 per barrel to $31 or even $140 per barrel (Tabash & Khan, 2018). In the middle of 2015, oil price again reached the mark of $60 and remains the same today (Tabash & Khan, 2018). However, the current situation in the country along with the penetration of India and Asia to oil and gas global market provokes uncertainty in the oil price situation. “The impact of oil price volatility, gross domestic product, foreign direct investment on Islamic banking investments” by Tabash and Khan focuses on the major reasons for price changes and their impact on the GDP. In total, there are four variables the relationships of which have to be analyzed: oil price fluctuations, foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow, GDP, and Islamic investments (the only independent variable) (Tabash & Khan, 2018). The authors proved a significant relationship between these variables with the help of statistical tests and quantitative studies, explaining the role of oil prices on banking investments and the importance of price stabilization. In general, the articles under analysis showed that oil prices remain unstable in the UAE because of several reasons. There are many external and internal threats and opportunities for the country to establish profitable and reasonable prices. The idea of EOR by Dargin helps to recognize available alternatives. VAT implementation offered by Saderuddin and Barghathi has several benefits. Finally, the analysis by Tabash and Khan contributes to understanding the situation in the country and the impact of oil prices on development. References 1. Dargin, J. (2014). Oil production and consumption: Strategies for the UAE. The Emirates Occasional Papers, 82 . 2. Saderuddin, A., & Barghathi, Y. (2018). The impacts of introduction of VAT on the audit profession and economy in the UAE: Auditors’ perspective. Accounting and Management Information Systems, 17 (3), 406-439. 3. Tabash, M. I., & Khan, S. H. (2018). The impact of oil price volatility, gross domestic product, foreign direct investment on Islamic banking investments: An empirical evidence of the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Energy Economics, 8 (5), 306-312.
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“The Enormous Scale of This Movement” by Godfrey Essay In her article “The enormous scale of this movement,” through the description of the demonstration in Washington D.C., Elaine Godfrey addresses one of the most actual and disturbing political and social issues related to racial inequality in the United States. The majority of American cities, towns, and villages are currently affected by massive protests and demonstrations that were triggered by the death of George Floyd (Godfrey, 2020). According to the participants of demonstrations, the inappropriate discrimination of African Americans on the basis of race, especially by the police, exists, and it should be eliminated. In general, the major policy demands of protesters include police divestment, a national prohibition on hazardous standards of arrest, and the general improvement of the quality of black people’s lives (Godfrey, 2020). The author expresses her concern related to the scale of nationwide demonstrations and states that they “could carry on for days or weeks—maybe even through November” (Godfrey, 2020, para. 3). From a personal perspective, the claims of protesters are generally reasonable, and specific actions should be taken in order to abolish racial inequality. According to Godfrey, specific legal privileges of police officers contribute to the outbreak of war against black people. As a matter of fact, this statement may be regarded as controversial. In general, the duty of the police is the protection of the community against criminal activity. It goes without saying that on the basis of the officers’ legal responsibilities, they may apply force against individuals who violate the law and constitute a danger to the public. However, the police’s activities should not be conducted by prejudice or stereotypes concerning race and ethnicity. In other words, an officer cannot arrest an individual only because he or she is African American, Latin, or Asian. From a personal perspective, all cases of inappropriate use of force by police should be investigated, and perpetrators should be punished in conformity with the law. In addition, the demand of protesters to change the procedure of arrest and to prohibit chokeholds, in particular, is reasonable as well. Punishment should be provided in terms of legislation rather than physical force. According to the article, black Americans suffer more from the consequences of the pandemic, in comparison with white citizens. This statement has actual evidence – 39% of positions held by black employees are at risk, opposite to 34% for white workers. In addition, black health care providers are overrepresented in hospitals. Consequently, they are currently at a greater risk of virus infection, and such discrimination that may lead to severe health issues and death is unacceptable and should be prohibited. In addition, demonstrations should initiate the changes not only in the governmental system but in social norms as well. According to Yolanda Fleming, “she remembers white people pelting objects at her during her walk home from school as a child” (Godfrey, 2020, para. 14). This attitude demonstrated the absence of tolerance from white adults to black people on the basis of their race that has already existed for a considerably long period of time. That is why, beside political purposes, current protests in the United States should make white people realize there is considerable racial inequality and aggression to black citizens in the country that should be reduced primarily by their behavior. Moreover, parents should explain to their children that no one should be offended due to race, nationality, religion, or social status. In general, this article is fully related to issues in the contemporary world, and, as demonstrations affect multiple countries, the problem of racial discrimination may be regarded as international. Although the author provides the description of a current situation without the clear expression of her opinion towards protests, her attitude tothem may be defined as positive. This article made me feel inspired as it demonstrates the significance of this issue to the society and mass media. It goes without saying that the demands of protesters fully correspond to my ideas connected with the unacceptability of racism and the significance of civil rights protection, and this work has strengthened my beliefs that any discrimination should be abolished. This highly useful article may be recommended for readers who start to get acquainted with this topic as it will keep them informed about the current situation related to demonstrations across the country. References Godfrey, E. (2020). The enormous scale of this movement. The Atlantic. Web.
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Intermediate Sanctions and Community Corrections Essay Table of Contents 1. Article Summary 2. Critique 3. Implications 4. References Nowadays, intermediate sanctions can be defined as various limitations that are applied to the criminals and offenders, who neither are on probation nor imprisoned (Bennett, 2015). The primary reason for the presence of the intermediate sanctions is the fact that it is necessary to reduce expenditure on maintaining prisons and control the actions of the offenders while discovering them as a part of the community (Bennett, 2015). To review this aspect in more details, the article Current Findings on Intermediate Sanctions and Community Corrections by Bennett was analyzed. Consequently, the primary goal of the paper is to summarize the major findings and purpose of the selected research study, criticize it, and determine the implications of the chosen sanctions. Article Summary In the first place, Bennett (1995) was trying to provide the rationale for using other intermediate sanctions apart from probation and incarceration and assess their effectiveness. As for the hypothesis of this research study, the author clearly states that probation is not the most effective punishment since it is often violated with no positive effect on rearrests (Bennett, 1995). In this case, the article discovers different intermediate sanctions such as house arrests, fines, and electronic monitoring and evaluates their effectiveness with the assistance of the literature review (Bennett, 1995). Simultaneously, this author can be trusted, as Bennett had experience in conducting similar research studies and a clear understanding of the topic. Speaking of the findings, the article revealed that day fines could be discovered as one of the effective sanctions based on the active adaptation of this sanction in New York (Bennett, 1995). In turn, house arrest tended to have positive outcomes while one of the major drawbacks of the electronic monitoring was its costly implementation (Bennett, 1995). As for the transactional system, this approach did not comply with the perceived expectations, and it did not deliver the desired results. A similar situation took place with the drug treatment program, as the representatives of the legislative authorities stated that it did not meet its initial goals that were linked to treating addictions successfully (Bennett, 1995). Speaking of boot camps, these sanctions received a high recognition initially, but after that, they lost their meaning and effectiveness. Overall, it could be said that discovering these sanctions assisted in understanding their efficacy and underlined some matters that require improvement. Critique When conducting the analysis of the article, I can freely state that the publication has a sufficient flow of information and tends to provide logical reasoning to prove the central claim. I clearly support author’s point that the issue of incarceration continues to exist, and probation is not the most effective resolution to this problem. For example, the State of New York continues to introduce various projects such as Adolescents Diversion Program to reduce the spending on the maintenance of prisons (Berman & Wolf, 2014). Nonetheless, the publication seems persuasive, as the author relies on different research studies conducted in the past and presents clear points to prove or disprove the position of using a particular sanction. For example, the scholar reviews the situations in different states such as California, New York, Alabama, and Florida (Bennett, 1995). Nonetheless, one of the potential ways to improve it is to conduct the actual research study that will imply observing the behavior of the offenders. In this instance, this empirical analysis will have a beneficial impact on understanding the consequences of the particular sanction from the psychological perspective. Simultaneously, these findings will help depict the aspects of the program that have to be improved. In turn, the author should focus on minimizing the levels of personal bias, as it seems that they have a clear impact on the outcomes of the evaluations. In this case, conducting a sufficient literature review and finding support in the recent articles can be used to improve the quality and validity of the results. Implications Apart from the summary and the critique of the article, it is essential to discuss the implications while describing the factors and defining the most effective sanctions. In addition to reducing the density of the population in prisons, there are several aspects that unite community correction programs. For instance, they increase the safety of the society by supervising the offender and contribute to the faster socialization and rehabilitation (Alarid, 2016). Thus, the most common factors that influence their selection are dependent on the legislation of the state, its need to reduce the incarceration and crime rates, and the available financial resources. Simultaneously, the sufficient analysis of the intermediate sanctions provided by the article reveals that the most effective approaches are day fines and house arrests. The fines have a tendency to be formed based on the income of the offender (Alarid, 2016). They can be regarded as a punishment with the positive outcomes, as the individuals do not consider repeating crimes due to the substantial loss of financial resources. As for the house arrest with electronic monitoring, apart from having high levels of rearrests, this program has a well-established image and vehemently controls the actions of the offender while minimizing his/her effect on the society (Avdija & Lee, 2014). In the end, the analysis of this article not only assisted in reviewing the reasons for the development of the community-based programs and their types but also identified the most effective alternatives to imprisonment. References Alarid, L. (2016). Community-based corrections . Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. Avdija, A., & Lee, J. (2014). Does electronic monitoring home detection program work? Evaluating program suitability based on offender’s post-program recidivism status. Justice Policy Journal, 11 (1), 1-15. Bennett, L. (1995). Current findings on intermediate sanctions and community corrections. Corrections Today, 1 (1), 86-97. Berman, G., & Wolf, R. (2014). Alternatives to incarceration: The New York story. Government, Law and Policy Journal, 16 (2), 36-40.
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Cohabitation and Division of Gender Roles in a Couple Essay Table of Contents 1. The Principles of Cohabitation and Traditional Gender Roles 2. The Division of Duties in Relation to Gender 3. Breadwinner and Homemaker Roles in Cohabitating Couples 4. References Cohabitation is perceived in the society as the form of relationships which is an effective alternative to the traditional marriage because of focusing on the principles of flexibility, freedom, and equality, but few couples can follow the principles of egalitarian relationships and focus on equality related to gender roles during a long period of time. The division of gender roles in cohabitating couples is often realized according to the traditional visions shared within the society. Although cohabitation is closely associated with egalitarian relationships and gender-neutral division of roles in a couple, cohabitation cannot guarantee that partners will reject traditional gender roles typical for married couples because many cohabitating couples follow traditional gender attitudes and roles accepted in the society, discuss paid and unpaid work and duties in relation to gender, and share stereotypes on breadwinner and homemaker roles. The Principles of Cohabitation and Traditional Gender Roles In spite of the fact that cohabitation is based on the principles of flexibility and equality, many cohabitating couples build their relationships according to the visions and ideals typical for discussing married couples and their gender roles. Thus, partners in cohabitating couples are also influenced by the social stereotypes, and they follow traditional gender attitudes and roles without references to the fact that cohabitation was chosen in order to state the individual freedom in relationships (Miller & Sassler, 2010). According to Batalova and Cohen, socialization is the important factor to form people’s gender role attitudes, thus, partners in cohabitating couples as well as husbands and wives in married couples can “perform household labor according to what they have learned about appropriate behavior for men and women” (Batalova & Cohen, 2002, p. 745). Gender role is a complex notion, and it can be discussed in relation to many factors which are important for the development of couples’ relationships. As a result, such principles of cohabitation as egalitarianism and flexibility do not work in many couples because of strong traditional gender role attitudes. The Division of Duties in Relation to Gender Cohabitation is discussed as a less formal variant of close relationships which has all the advantages of marriage, but cohabitation provides even more benefits for the couples because of depending on the idea of equality which is attractive for young people. In reality, cohabitation can differ little from marriage regarding the division of gender roles and domestic duties. Although women in cohabitating couples can occupy high social positions and develop successful careers as well as men, the division of domestic unpaid activities is often unequal because of gender. Batalova and Cohen state that “despite men’s greater contribution, women still do at least twice as much routine housework as men do” (Batalova & Cohen, 2002, p. 746). Men in cohabitating couples are not ready to share housework duties equally to women because of the social stereotypes associated with gender roles. As a result, women are actively involved in routine housework along with performing their social responsibilities and paid work. Women in cohabitating couples are still expected to concentrate on housework as their primary duties. This vision is in a conflict with the idea that women are equal to men in relation to the career opportunities. Thus, women are expected to be successful in career as well as in housework and care for children (Helgeson, 2005). This tendency becomes more obvious in relation to cohabitating couples in spite of their focus on the ideas of equality, flexibility, and freedom in relationships. Breadwinner and Homemaker Roles in Cohabitating Couples The relationships of a cohabitating couple often develop according to the traditional model where a man is a breadwinner and a woman is a homemaker. Even though a woman has the paid work, she is expected to take responsibility for more housework in comparison with a man. Although this approach is characteristic for married couples, it is important to note that cohabiting men are inclined to do housework according to the patterns used by married men (Batalova & Cohen, 2002, p. 746). There is a range of household activities which are performed by men unwillingly, and the main reason to avoid performing the housework is the status of a breadwinner (Miller & Sassler, 2010). The problem is in the fact that women rarely can rely on this status because their partners are not ready to accept this kind of equal relations, and a role of a homemaker is discussed as most appropriate for a woman. Thus, the division of gender roles in cohabitating couples is often similar to those ones in married couples, especially in relation to the division of duties and housework activities. Women in cohabitating couples are expected to perform more domestic activities than men without references to their social status, the fact of having paid jobs or the necessity to care for children. From this point, cohabitation cannot guarantee that the relationships will develop according to the ideals of egalitarianism, modern visions of gender roles distribution, and division of duties and housework activities. References Batalova, J., & Cohen, P. (2002). Premarital cohabitation and housework: Couples in cross-national perspective. Journal of Marriage and Family, 64 (3), 743-758. Helgeson, V. (2005). The psychology of gender . USA: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Miller, A., & Sassler, S. (2010). Stability and change in the division of labor among cohabiting couples. Sociological Forum, 25 (4), 677-702.
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It was during the recession that the problems of M&S began to surface, with the primary issue being ineffective communication throughout the supply chain. For instance, there was poor communication between M&S and its suppliers. Due to the increase in the production cost within the UK, M&S started compelling its suppliers to shift their production overseas without taking into consideration factors like political stability, and textile import quota (Christopher & Peck 2001). This decision was made independent of the viewpoint of suppliers. Secondly, there was poor communication between upper and lower-level management in M&S. Children’s clothing was withdrawn from smaller stores, and this resulted in 4% in sales (Christopher & Peck 2001). Last but not least, there was insufficient communication between M&S and its customers. M&S did not have an accurate depiction of what its clients want; for example, it sold clothes that had poor sizing and had a limited lingerie range. The inefficient communication in the supply chain resulted in a “Bullwhip effect” that significantly hampered the system. Concurrently, this led to the recovery strategy having minor impacts on revenue generated. Effect of increased overseas sourcing on M&S marketplace performance In the early 1990s, M&S considered and commenced shifting from local to offshore sourcing. Although M&S had reduced the proportion of UK suppliers, it still heavily relied on them to maintain their “buy British” marketing stance. Its strength was grounded in providing middle-class individuals with quality and reasonably priced clothing. However, this market segment was polarized by niche rivals and discount stores. Therefore, to enhance its consumer value, M&S resorted to reduce the cost-base by coercing its suppliers to outsource from locations with relatively low labour costs. However, increased outsourcing hindered its market performance. For instance, it extended the replenishment lead times; thus, this limited the availability of clothing on showrooms. Dewhirst, M&S’s oldest supplier, highlighted some of the few inefficiencies in the distribution system by stating that Moroccan manufactured goods were being shipped to the UK through France before some were redistributed back to France (Christopher & Peck 2001). Moreover, M&S lost most of its suppliers since some of them could not afford the huge investments associated with offshore sourcing. Coats Viyella terminated in a 70-year relationship with the company based on the fact that establishing their business overseas would consume a lot of time and investment (Christopher & Peck 2001). Lastly, M&S’s favourable oversea location, Sri-Lanka, was characterized by a textile import quota that had to be considered before sourcing there (Christopher & Peck 2001). However, the management did not recognize the quota until the quota of that year was depleted by June. This led to customs declaration issues. How M&S can capture the potential benefits of low-cost sourcing whilst still improving responsiveness, given that costs must be reduced Overseas sourcing is the most common and efficient way for low-cost sourcing. Therefore, to ensure that the risks associated with overseas sourcing are reduced, M&S should establish ways of ensuring that such risks are either eliminated or reduced. For instance, M&S should identify low-cost locations that are geographically closer to the UK, headquarters of M&S, with examples being Poland and Romania. This will reduce replenishment lead times. Moreover, M&S should ensure that it is updated with regards to local restrictions on labour laws and import quota. Lastly, the company should establish and maintain a sound communication system with its suppliers. M&S can use the Electronic Data Exchange (EDI) to create a more-streamlined business communication process. Effectiveness of the “one-size-fits all” approach to M&S’s supply chain management strategy The “one size fits it all” approached negatively impacted M&S’s profitability in the late 1990s. Varying customer requirements should result in the introduction of different products and the use of several distribution channels. However, M&S instead homogenized the location where clothing is manufactured. By doing so, M&S strived to build effective processes for their high-volume items to reduce the supply chain costs. Therefore, they risked disappointing customers by inappropriately responding to peaks in demand for slower-moving products. When they took steps to avoid stock-outs, the additional costs had a ripple effect throughout the supply chain. A sound supply chain system has to be agile; therefore, as competition intensifies, M&S has to think beyond the traditional view of the supply chain, which stresses on operational efficiency and speed. It will need to incorporate a value-creation approach when designing supply chain strategies. Therefore, the alternative supply chain management strategy should combine both value creation and operational supply chain perspectives. How a total end-to-end supply chain strategy might be developed in M&S Historically, M&S had a close partnership arrangement with its suppliers. However, after it began outsourcing its products, it started experiencing a negative trend. The primary cause of the negative trend was the inefficient communication system in the M&S supply chain. Therefore, the only way through which a total end-to-end supply chain, that is, the re-establishment of its relationship with the suppliers, can be achieved is through fine-tuning communication. Moreover, it should also improve communication both within the organization and between them and its customers. A sound communication system coupled with an effective Vendor Management Inventory will result in reduced lead time and cost of inventory, increase in customer satisfaction, improved quality of clothing and overall M&S will remain competitive in the market. Reference Christopher, M & Peck, H 2001, Moving mountains at Marks & Spencer , case study. Web.
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Incentives and Earned Privileges Policy’s Aims Essay (Article) Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2. The basic aims of IEP policy 3. The main problems of IEP policy 4. Staff-prisoners relationships as the core of IEP policy 5. References List Introduction Alison Liebling casts light upon the life of prisoners in England and Wales in the article under the title “Incentives and Earned Privileges Revisited: Fairness, Discretion, and the Quality of Prison Life”. The author points out that the prison officer’s abuse their authority towards to the prisoners and as the result their behavior causes negative and even aggressive reaction of the prisoners. The incentives and earned privileges (IEP) is an important component of the keeping order in the prison. These privileges are given to the prisoners for the good behavior. Factually, the main question is what the notions of “privilege” and “good behavior” denote. The basic aims of IEP policy Not every prisoner may enjoy the privileges only those who earn it with a good behavior that is the main point of IEP policy. Such privileges are not permanent. They may be lost because of some violations. Everything seems to be simple and factually this structure should work to keep the order in prisons nevertheless there are some problems. These privileges do not stop the prisoners from the violations of the order. Such actions are caused by the treatment of the prison staff. According to the statement of Conservative Home Secretary, Douglas Hurd, during the preparations for anti-custody Criminal Justice Act 1991, “prisons were an expensive way of making bad people worse” (Liebling, 27). Prisoners became more aggressive before their discharge which is more dangerous for the society. Prison officers understand that the only way out is to treat prisoners more carefully. According to Woolf’s analysis of the importance of justice in prisons, the main problems of prisons in Britain are the unsanitary conditions, the unconstructive regime, the lack of respect in treatment according to prisoners, the destructive effect of the prisoners’ family ties and any redress for grievances. A liberal humanitarian regime proposed by Woolf as the way out failed as far as assaults and drug use were high in this regime. The main problems of IEP policy The probable escape provided in 1994 and 1995 linked collective disorder to a sense of fairness. From around 1993-94, there was a harshening emotional tone of penal policy. The principles of IEP was proposed by the Prisons Board during the development of principles of White Paper “Custody Care and Justice”. As the result the moral status of the imprisoned is lowered and the rules of prison regime become stricter. The policy aims at the controlling not only the prisoners’ behavior but also the staff’s attitude to the prisoners. There are three levels of privilege entitlement namely basic, standard and enhanced which may encourage a good behavior and may be effectively used by prison staff. Staff-prisoners relationships as the core of IEP policy The problem is that although the prisoners are aware of this system of privileges they think it was operating unfairly. Many prisoners feel themselves powerless and they become angry and organize collective groups against the policy. The main problem of prison regime is staff-prisoners relationship. The main aim is to present the same vision of these relationships to the staff as well as to the prisoners. As for the staff, they have different responses to the police of IEP. They believe it has positive effects or they think that sanctions are more effective than rewards. Nevertheless, IEP policy helps the staff to motivate some prisoners on the one hand and it is liked by the staff because they have a control and power over the prisoners. The problem is they often abuse this power which causes disorder in prison regime. References List Liebling, A. (n.d.). Incentives and Earned Privileges Revisited: Fairness, Discretion, and the Quality of Prison Life. Journal of Scandinavian Studies in Criminology and Crime Prevention , p. 25-41.
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Emerging Markets in the Global Economy Essay Emerging markets are countries with thriving economies such as China and India. Today, there is middle class in emerging markets, which has created target markets for firms (Ernst & Young 2). The large numbers of middle class in emerging markets with disposable incomes provide huge markets for firms. This is suitable for investments because EMs provide stronger potentials for growths. Beyond the BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China), there are still other emerging markets that firms can exploit for economic advantage. Emerging markets have fast developing infrastructures that can support manufacturing bases. Manufacturing bases are the strongest drivers of today’s global economies as witnessed in the China’s manufacturing sector. EMs have attractive markets from the middle class, raw materials, affordable labour, natural resources, and low costs of manufacturing. Hence, investors find EMs attractive for business (Cavusgil, Knight and Riesenberger 265). Most firms in advanced economies have resorted to transfer or delegation of non-critical aspects of operations to other specialised workers in foreign countries. India, Philippines, and South Africa have emerged as the most preferred sourcing destinations. Multinational firms consider sourcing practices as value-adding practices. Moreover, such firms become efficient, enhance competitive advantage, and focus on their core competencies. The Boston Consulting Group notes that EMs are the ‘hotbed’ for builders or acquirers of global branches (Boston Consulting Group 1). The focus of merger and acquisition (M&A) is on energy and natural resources, satisfying the rising demands of the middle class, meeting technology and management challenges, and as a platform for global expansions. M&E is now common in BRICs and other countries with potential to support global expansions. Starbucks, Unilever, and Cardinal Health are some of the multinational firms that have sought M&E in EMs. Karolyi, Ng, and Prasad have noted that investors or financiers in the advance economies have increasingly focused on EMs as they invest their funds in overseas assets (Karolyi, Ng and Prasad 33). For instance, there are massive capital inflows and capital account surplus in China. The country has “higher exports than its imports, has trade surplus and inflows of private capital” (Karolyi et al 33). While EMs present good business opportunities for expansion, there is also a considerable influence on the environment as firms in EMs put pressure on the world resources. Today, China has the highest number of polluted cities in the world due to its thriving manufacturing sector. Moreover, the country has focused on massive exploitation of oil and coal resources to fuel its growth. Conversely, Western firms in EMs use modern technologies and equipment to protect the environment. For example, Arcelik must observe strict environmental regulation on usages of water and electricity in washers (Cavusgil et al 277). Family conglomerates (FCs) are private and highly diversified businesses that are common in EMs. Consequently, FCs have become critical parts of the global business as other firms seek to expand their operations. Multinational firms have collaborated with FCs in overseas operations. Moreover, FCs also have extensive capital to invest in new ventures and several distribution channels. Cavusgil and colleagues noted that Astra in Indonesia have their “own financing operations in the form of insurance companies, banks, and securities brokers” (Cavusgil et al 273) while others possess a deep understanding of local markets and consumers. The essay has explored emerging markets and their critical roles in the global economies. It shows that EMs are important sources of sourcing, manufacturing, target markets, investments, and expansion, but they put pressure on the available natural resources and promote environmental pollution. Works Cited Boston Consulting Group. As the Pace of M&A Picks Up, Emerging Markets Stand Out . 29 Aug. 2013. Web. Cavusgil, Tamer, Gary Knight and John Riesenberger. International Business: Strategy, Management and the New Realities 3rd ed. New York: Prentice Hall, 2010. Print. Ernst & Young. Hitting the sweet spot: The growth of the middle class in emerging markets. The United Kingdom: EYGM Limited, 2013. Print. Karolyi, Andrew, David T. Ng, and Eswar S. Prasad. “The Coming Wave: Private investors from emerging market economies increasingly put their funds in overseas assets.” Finance & Development 50.2 (2013): 30-33. Print.
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Introduction 2. Main body 3. Conclusion 4. References Introduction Aging is an inevitable change in an organism characterized by a particular complexity. It is considered a natural part of life, but there is still so much to learn about this process. In particular, the human brain has been of remarkable interest to scientists at all times. The changes the brain undergoes while aging weakens its functions and can result in the development of cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. Main body The aging process causes chemical changes in the human brain. Such phenomena as changed epithelium morphology of the choroid plexus and reduced CSF production affect brain function (Vandenbroucke, 2016). According to Vandenbroucke (2016), these deviations indicate the importance of the choroid plexus in the aging process of the brain. Apart from this, some physical changes in the brain occur. It is a known fact that the brain mass and the number of neurons decrease with time. Therefore, even without developed disorders, the performance of an older brain is significantly held back in comparison to the performance of a younger one. Alternatively, the changes in the brain affected by Alzheimer’s have a different nature. According to Alzheimer’s Association (n.d), the main reason for the disease development might be the abnormal build-up of proteins that create plaques and tangles. They spread over the brain cortex and, thus, prevent the normal functioning of the cell transport system. Consequently, these changes result in tissue loss, and the brain shrinks gradually. In the advanced stages of the disease, the brain mass becomes smaller affecting the functioning of the brain. It is worth mentioning that, as Vandenbroucke (2016) states in her article, choroid plexus transplantation had positive effects on treating cognitive disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, further research on this field might be helpful in disease prevention. Conclusion To summarize, changes in the aging brain might be different, but some of them are harmful and can cause such deviations as Alzheimer’s disease and similar cognitive disorders. Aging is marked by a significant complexity and remains a subject of research for many scientists. So does the human brain as it controls the majority of the activities of the body. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the changes that happen in the brain with aging. References Alzheimer’s Association. (n.d.). Inside the brain: A tour of how the mind works. Web. Vandenbroucke, R. E. (2016). A hidden epithelial barrier in the brain with a central role in regulating brain homeostasis. Implications for aging. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 13 (5), S407-S410. Web.
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