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1,800 | 870,233 | 20,849 | null | 2ac | 2AC Security: AT Masco | Masco is wrong--- no chance of broad transformation | Hales 7 (Peter Bacon, Chair of the Art History Department and Director of the American Studies Institute – University of Illinois, Chicago, “The Atomic Psyche”, Bulletin of Atomic Scientists, 63(4), July / August, p. 68) | Hales 7 | 471,632 | 8 | 2,257 |
1,801 | 427,907 | 5,470 | Impacts | Dems Good | A2: Saudi Prolif Turns | They will eventually support the deal- they can’t prolif now because of internal constraints | Upol 12-2 [Arafat Kabir Upol is an observer of national and global politics, foreign policy and diplomacy. A native from Bangladesh, his works have appeared in the Diplomatic Courier, International Policy Digest, the Diplomat and other publications. He is a multilingual member of Young Professionals in Foreign Policy. 12-2-2013 “Why Reports of Saudi Arabia’s Nuclear Ambitions are a Fantasy” http://www.internationalpolicydigest.org/2013/12/02/reports-saudi-arabias-nuclear-ambitions-fantasy/] | Upol 12-2 | 241,831 | 12 | 1,155 |
1,802 | 838,347 | 19,982 | 2ac | Econ da | 2ac at: econ impact | No econ impact | Daniel Drezner 14, IR prof at Tufts, The System Worked: Global Economic Governance during the Great Recession, World Politics, Volume 66. Number 1, January 2014, pp. 123-164 | Drezner 14 | 987 | 1,331 | 1,554 |
1,803 | 838,358 | 19,983 | null | 2ac k | 2AC Perm | Permutation do plan and endorse ethics of unchosen co-habitation- robust statistics prove the alternative’s focus on transcendence fails because of abstract solutions and broad time horizons | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,804 | 1,181,343 | 29,007 | 1AC | null | 1AC – solvency | Denying Enbridge’s request to build the tunnel solves and is NOT vital to energy prices. | TenEyck 20(Jane TenEyck, Executive Director of “CORA”, Sean McBrearty Michigan Legislative and Political Director Clean Water Action (“CWA”), Elizabeth R. Kirkwood Executive Director For Love of Water (“FLOW”), Jim Lively Director of Program Strategy Groundwork Center for Resilient Communities, Bentley Johnson Senior Partnerships Manager Michigan League of Conservation Voters (“MLCV”), Ann Rogers and Greg Reisig Co-Chairs Northern Michigan Environmental Action Council, David Holtz and Anne Woiwode Co-Chairs Sierra Club Michigan, JoAnne Cromley Chair Straits Area of Concerned Citizens for Peace Justice and the Environment (“SACCPJE”), Patty Peek Chair Straits of Mackinac Alliance (“SMA”), Bill Latka Chair TC350.org, 7-14-2020, "Public Comments on the Joint Application of Enbridge Energy for proposed pipeline tunnel under the Straits of Mackinac between Mackinaw City and Saint Ignace, Michigan,” https://forloveofwater.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Comments-to-USACE-permitting-on-proposed-tunnel.pdf, accessed 6-22-2021//mrul)
The Application Threatens to Violate State, Federal and Local Laws. In this case, boring an unprecedented tunnel through the bedrock and soils of the Great Lakes threatens to violate a host of Federal, State, or local law or requirements imposed for the protection of the environment, including but not limited to, the Great Lakes Submerged Lands Act (“GLSLA”), the Michigan Environmental Protection Act (“MEPA”) public trust law, Michigan’s Constitution, Michigan Water Quality Standards, 59 the Endangered Species Act (“ESA”). As a threshold matter, Enbridge lacks legal authorization to 60 construct and operate this proposed tunnel and pipeline because the 2017 and 2018 agreements coupled with the Act 359 legislation to authorize such construction of a private tunnel through public trust bottomlands violate public trust law (GLSLA and MEPA) and the Michigan Constitution (Art. 4 Sec. 52). As public trustee, the State of Michigan has a separate and irrevocable duty to protect the paramount interests of the navigable waterways and bottomlands of the Great Lakes. This includes the proposed location of the tunnel and pipeline project under the Straits of Mackinac. In other words, the very tunnel agreements and legislation Enbridge relies on to make this joint application are defective. Thus, an EIS 61 is required to evaluate these and other applicable federal and state laws. | TenEyck 20(Jane TenEyck, Executive Director of “CORA”, Sean McBrearty Michigan Legislative and Political Director Clean Water Action (“CWA”), Elizabeth R. Kirkwood Executive Director For Love of Water (“FLOW”), Jim Lively Director of Program Strategy Groundwork Center for Resilient Communities, Bentley Johnson Senior Partnerships Manager Michigan League of Conservation Voters (“MLCV”), Ann Rogers and Greg Reisig Co-Chairs Northern Michigan Environmental Action Council, David Holtz and Anne Woiwode Co-Chairs Sierra Club Michigan, JoAnne Cromley Chair Straits Area of Concerned Citizens for Peace Justice and the Environment (“SACCPJE”), Patty Peek Chair Straits of Mackinac Alliance (“SMA”), Bill Latka Chair TC350.org, 7-14-2020, "Public Comments on the Joint Application of Enbridge Energy for proposed pipeline tunnel under the Straits of Mackinac between Mackinaw City and Saint Ignace, Michigan,” https://forloveofwater.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Comments-to-USACE-permitting-on-proposed-tunnel.pdf, accessed 6-22-2021//mrul) | 36,603 | 23 | 13,095 |
1,805 | 838,644 | 19,993 | 1ac | null | Terror | Models and statistics prove – presence causes blowback and emboldens groups to attack | Braithwaite, 6/22/2015, Associate Professor of International Relations & Director of Ph.D. Program, University of Arizona (Alex, “Transnational Terrorism as an Unintended Consequence of a Military Footprint”, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09636412.2015.1038192#abstract) | Braithwaite, 6/22 | 427,663 | 43 | 7,746 |
1,806 | 838,568 | 19,990 | null | null | 2AC at security k | Goals- robust statistics prove the alternative’s focus on transcendence fails because of abstract solutions and broad time horizons | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,807 | 839,378 | 20,018 | null | 1ac | 1ac- terror | Models and statistics prove – presence fuels recruitment and emboldens groups to attack | Braithwaite, 6/22/2015, Associate Professor of International Relations & Director of Ph.D. Program, University of Arizona (Alex, “Transnational Terrorism as an Unintended Consequence of a Military Footprint”, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09636412.2015.1038192#abstract) | Braithwaite, 6/22 | 427,663 | 43 | 7,746 |
1,808 | 839,462 | 20,020 | 1NR | null | Case | Starting from challenging military presence is comparatively better at creating change- broad time horizons and abstract goals means ideologically based methods like the aff are ineffective at creating support | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,809 | 871,032 | 20,871 | null | 1nc | Naval CooP | No cyber impact | - Empirics – over 20 yrs of alarmism | null | 48,511 | 253 | 3,539 |
1,810 | 871,663 | 20,885 | null | Bases Debate | Ext – Rotational Bad | 4.) Perception Link - Independently the aff would weaken the credibility of our alliances | Breedlove 15
General Philip Breedlove, Commander of U.S. European Command, to the Senate Armed Forces Committee, “Commander of US Military in Europe Sees Signs of Russia Preparing Another Offensive,” April 30, http://www.atlanticcouncil.org/blogs/natosource/commander-of-us-military-in-europe-sees-signs-of-russia-preparing-another-offensive, CMR | Breedlove 15 | 471,973 | 1 | 1,115 |
1,811 | 1,213,516 | 29,792 | null | 1NC -- K | null | An invalidation-legitimation access via invisibilization, erasure and misrepresentation is central to the narrative of settler colonialism | Bacon, J. M. "Dangerous pipelines, dangerous people: colonial ecological violence and media framing of threat in the Dakota access pipeline conflict." Environmental Sociology 6.2 (2020): 143-153. Jules M. Bacon (M.A. English Literature and Culture, Oregon State University; M.S. Sociology, University of Oregon; Ph.D. Environmental Sciences Studies and Policy, University of Oregon) is currently a visiting assistant professor in the Department of Sociology at Grinnell College. Their work “Settler colonialism as eco-social structure and the production of colonial ecological violence” is the winner of the Environmental Sociology Early Career Prize. <CJC> | Bacon 2020 | 37,336 | 4 | 3,763 |
1,812 | 629,273 | 11,787 | null | null | 1AC---Prolif | 1---State-funded and third-party cyberattacks cause false flags that are met with intentional launch---old principles of deterrence can’t explain cyber warfare. Structural underestimation, muddled communications, and complexity ensure escalation. | Futter '18 (Andrew Futter; Andrew Futter is an associate professor in the School of History, Politics, and International Relations at the University of Leicester. He is the author of The Politics of Nuclear Weapons and Ballistic Missile Defence and US National Security Policy, the editor of The United Kingdom and the Future of Nuclear Weapons, and co-editor of Reassessing the Revolution in Military Affairs; Hacking the Bomb: Cyber Threats and Nuclear Weapons; 2-15-2018; accessed 12-1-2019; JPark) | Futter '18 | 372,334 | 106 | 8,683 |
1,813 | 872,236 | 20,909 | 2 | null | null | Capitalism causes inevitable crises, inequality, and dehumanization—pedagogical spaces are the crucial staging ground for keeping socialism on the horizon | McLaren, Distinguished Fellow – Critical Studies @ Chapman U and UCLA urban schooling prof, and Scatamburlo-D’Annibale, associate professor of Communication – U Windsor, ‘4 (Peter and Valerie, “Class Dismissed? Historical materialism and the politics of ‘difference’,” Educational Philosophy and Theory Vol. 36, Issue 2, p. 183-199) | McLaren ‘4 | 46,572 | 731 | 10,811 |
1,814 | 629,245 | 11,785 | null | null | 1AC---Prolif | 1---State-funded and third-party cyberattacks cause false flags that are met with intentional launch---old principles of deterrence can’t explain cyber warfare. Structural underestimation, muddled communications, and complexity ensure escalation. | Futter '18 (Andrew Futter; Andrew Futter is an associate professor in the School of History, Politics, and International Relations at the University of Leicester. He is the author of The Politics of Nuclear Weapons and Ballistic Missile Defence and US National Security Policy, the editor of The United Kingdom and the Future of Nuclear Weapons, and co-editor of Reassessing the Revolution in Military Affairs; Hacking the Bomb: Cyber Threats and Nuclear Weapons; 2-15-2018; accessed 12-1-2019; JPark) | Futter '18 | 372,334 | 106 | 8,683 |
1,815 | 1,877,288 | 55,280 | 1NC v Eagan LE | Case | 1NC – Turn | Private security forces fill in – Northern Ireland and South Africa prove | Taub 6-11-20, [Amanda Taub is a Former human rights lawyer, now writer for the nytimes "Police the Public, or Protect It? For a U.S. in Crisis, Hard Lessons From Other Countries," New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/11/world/police-brutality-protests.html] nw | Taub 20 ] nw | 839,290 | 4 | 1,936 |
1,816 | 840,631 | 20,049 | Round 4—Aff vs. Harvard BD—Campbell | 1AC | Marines – 1AC | Specifically reducing Okinawa presence is key. | Mark G. Mykleby 07, Lieutenant Colonel, United States Marine Corps, Feb 23 2007, "The United States Marine Corps: The 911 Force in the Post-9/11 World", Air War College, oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA515502 | Mykleby 07 | 463,078 | 6 | 5,211 |
1,817 | 629,295 | 11,781 | null | null | 1AC---Method | Nation-state inevitable and resilient – economic and national identity data both prove. | Rodrik, Prof. of Economics, 12
(Dani Rodrik, Prof. in Kennedy School of Government @ Harvard, “Roepke Lecture in Economic Geography— Who Needs the Nation-State?” Economic Geography, 89(1): 1-19) | Rodrik, Prof. of Economics, 12 | 99,561 | 14 | 4,441 |
1,818 | 872,056 | 20,899 | null | null | 1AC | Prefer impacts that are happening in the status quo—crisis-based politics subordinates gendered violence and obscures how masculinity contributes to militarism. | Cuomo 96 (Chris J, Professor of Philosophy and Women’s Studies, University of Georgia, Fall 1996, “War Is Not Just an Event: Reflections on the Significance of Everyday Violence”, Hypatia, Vol. 11, Issue 4) | Cuomo 96 , Vol. 11, Issue 4) | 917 | 222 | 4,149 |
1,819 | 1,181,500 | 28,987 | 1NC | OFF | OFF---1NC | Overaccumulation risks destruction of the biosphere and nuclear annihilation. Vote negative to champion a united, international revolution against extinction. | Ted Reese 20, comrade, author of Socialism or Extinction: Climate, Automation and War in the Final Capitalist Breakdown, 5/13/2020, “Socialism is now an economic necessity,” https://www.patreon.com/posts/socialism-is-now-37023695, cc | Reese 20 | 561,512 | 7 | 3,114 |
1,820 | 840,754 | 20,051 | Round 3—Neg vs. UMKC FJ—Strange | 1NC | case | Single issue focus is comparatively better than ideological critique – the their pedagogy gets sidelined and perpetuates the status quo | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,821 | 629,361 | 11,790 | null | null | 1 | So do bioweapons – mathematically outweighs, even if they win mitigation. | Millett & Snyder-Beattie ‘17. Millett, Ph.D., Senior Research Fellow, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford; and Snyder-Beattie, M.S., Director of Research, Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford. 08-01-2017. “Existential Risk and Cost-Effective Biosecurity,” Health Security, 15(4), PubMed | Millett & Snyder-Beattie ‘17 | 2,127 | 1,722 | 8,517 |
1,822 | 840,942 | 20,056 | NDT 6 | Instab | Turkey | No turkey soft power---CX and Protests | Zalewski 13 (Piotr Zalewski is an Istanbul-based freelance writer for Foreign Policy, Time and The National, “How Turkey Went From 'Zero Problems' to Zero Friends,” http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/08/21/how_turkey_foreign_policy_went_from_zero_problems_to_zero_friends?page=full) | Zalewski 13 | 463,410 | 1 | 1,640 |
1,823 | 1,879,850 | 55,358 | null | Elections | null | Trump re-election guarantees existential climate change, global proliferation, and arms racing – Dem victory averts extinction | Starr 19 [Paul Starr, professor of sociology and public affairs at Princeton and a winner of the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, May 2019. “Trump’s Second Term.” https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/05/trump-2020-second-term/585994/] | Starr 19 [Paul Starr, professor of sociology and public affairs at Princeton and a winner of the Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction, May 2019. “Trump’s Second Term.” https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/05/trump-2020-second-term/585994/] | 45,170 | 1,116 | 13,516 |
1,824 | 629,314 | 11,788 | null | null | 1AC---Prolif | 1---State-funded and third-party cyberattacks cause false flags that are met with intentional launch---old principles of deterrence can’t explain cyber warfare. Structural underestimation, muddled communications, and complexity ensure escalation. | Futter '18 (Andrew Futter; Andrew Futter is an associate professor in the School of History, Politics, and International Relations at the University of Leicester. He is the author of The Politics of Nuclear Weapons and Ballistic Missile Defence and US National Security Policy, the editor of The United Kingdom and the Future of Nuclear Weapons, and co-editor of Reassessing the Revolution in Military Affairs; Hacking the Bomb: Cyber Threats and Nuclear Weapons; 2-15-2018; accessed 12-1-2019; JPark) | Futter '18 | 372,334 | 106 | 8,683 |
1,825 | 1,206,509 | 29,622 | 1NR | ECA DA | 1nc — pollution advantage | Key to legitimacy. | Olsen 1-25 [Henry Olsen, Senior Fellow at the Ethics and Public Policy Center; "Opinion: Reforming the Electoral Count Act is crucial to our democracy. And it must be done on a bipartisan basis."; Washington Post; 1-25-2022; Accessible Online at https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/01/25/reforming-electoral-count-act-is-crucial-our-democracy-it-must-be-done-bipartisan-basis/] KL 1-25-2022 | Olsen 1-25 | 576,251 | 6 | 4,048 |
1,826 | 841,440 | 20,063 | Round 6—Neg vs. MSU ST—Frappier | 1NC | Impact D | No envo impact | Brook, Adelaide professor, 2013 | Brook, Adelaide professor, 2013 | 35,507 | 326 | 5,778 |
1,827 | 78,425 | 1,188 | Sample Violations | Comprehensive Topicality | Policing version | Our interpretation is better | null | null | 54,787 | 1 | null |
1,828 | 1,181,432 | 29,029 | null | Protection PIC | null | “Protection” and “Preservation” are distinct in policy --- protection seeks to minimize immediate risk while preservation does so while developing sustainability | Paschali et el 19 [Elena - Department of Engineering and sustainable environment, master of research with major in environmental science and sustainability / Abiola Soipe - Cranfield University, Department of Offshore, Process and Energy Engineering / Luke McGrath - National University of Ireland, Department of Economics, PhD in Economics, / Sylvester Peter Antai - University of Calabar, Dept of Microbiology, PhD in Environmental Microbial Biochemistry/Physiology and Biotechnology / Michael J Lynch - University of South Florida, Dept of Criminiology, PhD in Criminal Justice, Professor and Director of Graduate Program, University of South Florida / Bayan Hussien - University of Anbar, College of Applied sciences and environmental sciences / Khalid - Elkalay - Environment professor, / Ronald Kiplangat Ngetich - University of Nairobi, Department of Chemistry Master of science. “Is there a difference between protecting the environment and preserving the environment? Which would be considered as strong sustainability paradigm?”, ResearchGate, https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is_there_a_difference_between_protecting_the_environment_and_preserving_the_environment_Which_would_be_considered_as_strong_sustainability_paradigm#:~:text=Well%2C , Sepahdari] | Sepahdari] | 531,742 | 62 | 3,491 |
1,829 | 841,961 | 20,073 | null | econ | Impact d | Economic collapse doesn’t cause war | Daniel Drezner 14, IR prof at Tufts, The System Worked: Global Economic Governance during the Great Recession, World Politics, Volume 66. Number 1, January 2014, pp. 123-164 | Drezner 14 | 987 | 1,331 | 1,554 |
1,830 | 630,205 | 11,825 | null | Case | null | Nanotech Specifically is existential | Louis A. Del Monte, 6-3-2017, ( Physicist, featured speaker, author of Nanoweapons, consultant, and CEO of Del Monte & Associates, Inc.) "Are Nanoweapons Paving the Road to Human Extinction?," HuffPost, https://www.huffpost.com/entry/are-nanoweapons-paving-the-road-to-human-extinction_b_59332a52e4b00573ab57a3fe | Del Monte, 17 " HuffPost, https://www.huffpost.com/entry/are-nanoweapons-paving-the-road-to-human-extinction_b_59332a52e4b00573ab57a3fe | 80,855 | 40 | 4,027 |
1,831 | 842,054 | 20,075 | Round 7—Aff vs. Wake AS—Hirn | 2AC | A2: K Turns Case – 2AC | Single issue focus is comparatively better than ideological critique – the their pedagogy gets sidelined and perpetuates the status quo – flips all of their offence about systemic critique and disproves the veracity of all of their framework and alternative arguments | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,832 | 842,392 | 20,081 | Semis—Aff vs. Michigan KM | 1AC | Alliance | Paris negotiations are the last chance to stop climate change – 2015 is the key | Upton, Climate Central senior writer, 2-10-15 | Upton, Climate Central senior writer, 2-10-15 | 439,757 | 25 | 8,141 |
1,833 | 842,439 | 20,082 | null | 1NC | No Economy – 2NC | Economic collapse doesn’t cause war | Daniel Drezner 14, IR prof at Tufts, The System Worked: Global Economic Governance during the Great Recession, World Politics, Volume 66. Number 1, January 2014, pp. 123-164 | Drezner 14 | 987 | 1,331 | 1,554 |
1,834 | 842,942 | 20,090 | null | 1NC | No Economy – 2NC | Economic collapse doesn’t cause war | Daniel Drezner 14, IR prof at Tufts, The System Worked: Global Economic Governance during the Great Recession, World Politics, Volume 66. Number 1, January 2014, pp. 123-164 | Drezner 14 | 987 | 1,331 | 1,554 |
1,835 | 872,354 | 20,915 | null | null | 1NC | Our politic is one in resistance towards activism that advocates the inclusion of these bodies as ‘productive’ subjects. The United States military’s purpose is to secure a domestic nationhood that protects white cis supremacy. Military presence starts first with the capture of bodies to form the ‘civilized West’ | baedan 14 – (“Against the Gendered Nightmare: Fragments on Domestication,” https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/baedan-against-the-gendered-nightmare#fn_back1) | baedan 14 | 108,283 | 32 | 8,866 |
1,836 | 1,213,838 | 29,812 | Case | Water | null | No water wars – countries are adapting and it’s empirically denied | Biswas and Tortajada 19(Asit is one of the world’s leading authorities on water and environmental management. He is co-founder of the Third World Centre for Water Management in Mexico and currently the Distinguished Visiting Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School for Public Policy in Singapore. Among his numerous awards are Crystal Drop and Millennium Prizes of the International Water Resources Association, and the Stockholm Water Prize. Cecilia is Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Water Policy, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, Singapore. The main focus of her work at present is on the future of the world´s water, especially in terms of water, food, energy and environmental securities through coordinated policies. She has been an advisor to major international institutions like FAO, UNDP, JICA, ADB, OECD and IDRC, and has worked in countries in Africa, Asia, North and South America and Europe on water and environment-related policies. She is a member of the OECD Initiative in Water Governance, 7-12-2019, Taylor & Francis Group Online, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/07900627.2019.1636502?needAccess=true)//mj | Biswas and Tortajada 19 //mj | 26,809 | 170 | 10,863 |
1,837 | 630,671 | 11,852 | null | Case | null | Meaningful dialogue about what actions the government should take overcomes the conversational impasse and paves the way for material racial change. Disavowing the policy consequences of one’s ideological positions makes things worse, not better. | Bracey 6 [Bracey, Christopher A. Associate Professor of Law and Associate Professor of African and African American Studies at Washington University in St. Louis, holds a B.S. from the University of North Carolina and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. “The Cul De Sac of Race Preference Discourse,” Southern California Law Review (79 S. Cal. L. Rev. 1231). September 2006.] MT | Bracey 6 | 41,912 | 638 | 14,420 |
1,838 | 1,880,218 | 55,370 | 1nc | Case | 1NC - Settler Colonialism - Ontology | Framing settler colonialism through a totalizing lens of makes indigenous liberation impossible by setting the terms of victory as all-or-nothing—pessimism actively reifies settler dominance by acquiescence to more subtle forms of settler power | Busbridge, 18—Research Fellow at the Centre for Dialogue, La Trobe University (Rachel, “Israel-Palestine and the Settler Colonial ‘Turn’: From Interpretation to Decolonization,” Theory, Culture & Society Vol 35, Issue 1, 2018, dml) | Busbridge, 18 | 22,868 | 653 | 9,306 |
1,839 | 842,908 | 20,089 | Round 6—Aff vs. Wake Forest MS—Nikolic | 2AC | 2AC CR Ptx GSU | Climate change kills the economy – weather events, flooding, adaptation. | Bapna and Thomas 2012
Manish and Vinod, Climate change, the new threat to economic growth, 5-5-2012, interim president at World Resources Institute, director general for independent evaluation at Asian Development Bank, The Economic Times, http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-05-05/news/31586396_1_climate-change-climate-action-greenhouse-gas-emissions | Bapna and Thomas 2012 | 441,719 | 3 | 3,999 |
1,840 | 1,181,540 | 28,955 | Emory---Round 2 | 1AC---Climate | 1AC---Sequestration ADV | Water management bridges the gap to broad climate adaptation---ill-conceived planning is coming---it’s only a question of jumpstarting effective, cross-sectoral approaches that reduce vulnerabilities and disparities. | D Mark Smith and John H Matthews 19, the Deputy Director General for Development of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI) & the Executive Director for the Alliance for Global Water Adaptation (AGWA), a US-based NGO, “ADAPTATION’S THIRST: ACCELERATING THE CONVERGENCE OF WATER AND CLIMATE ACTION,” Background Paper prepared for the 2019 report of the Global Commission on Adaptation, Rotterdam and Washington, DC. https://gca.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/AdaptationsThirst_0.pdf | Smith and Matthews 19 | 564,924 | 9 | 3,773 |
1,841 | 843,239 | 20,095 | null | 1ac | 1ac | Water shortages exacerbate existing political tensions – statistically makes armed conflict more likely | Kuross, 3/4/2015, Management Consultant based in Oslo focusing on public sector issues, holds double Master’s degrees, one each from University College London and the London School of Economics, in Security Studies and International Relations (Even, “Water Scarcity Risks Being a Source of Conflict”, http://www.fairobserver.com/region/middle_east_north_africa/water-scarcity-risks-being-a-source-of-conflict-28740/) | Kuross, 3/4/2015, Management Consultant based in Oslo focusing on public sector issues, holds double Master’s degrees, one each from University College London and the London School of Economics, in Security Studies and International Relations (Even, “Water Scarcity Risks Being a Source of Conflict”, http://www.fairobserver.com/region/middle_east_north_africa/water-scarcity-risks-being-a-source-of-conflict-28740/) | 463,936 | 3 | 2,220 |
1,842 | 352,732 | 4,497 | Offshore Wind Neg | Offshore Solvency | No Ships | No ships for installation | Hopkins 12 | Hopkins 12 | 224,621 | 7 | 1,673 |
1,843 | 1,880,551 | 55,390 | TIGNC 1AC | Contention One is Incarcerated Non-Cis Lives of Color | null | Incarcerated TIGNC+ Muslim individuals | Arkles 08 (Gabriel Arkles; senior staff attorney with the ACLU’s LGBT and HIV Project and received the Dukeminier Award for best sexual orientation law review article in 2009; "Safety and solidarity across gender lines: Rethinking segregation of transgender people in detention."; Temp. Pol. & Civ. Rts. L. Rev. 18 (2008): p.544-545) -TL | Arkles 08 | 835,411 | 10 | 2,615 |
1,844 | 631,531 | 11,903 | psychodynamics ac | Part 2: Psycho-dynamics | null | Nuclear arsenals kill greivability- They perpetuate the creation of the Other in order to satisfy states’ need for power and dominance. | Kubacki 83 [Andrzej Kubacki, (1983). Machismo and Nuclearism. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 28(2), 158–159. https://doi.org/10.1177/070674378302800230//kr] | null | 379,179 | 3 | 3,097 |
1,845 | 873,151 | 20,932 | 1NC | 1NC CASE—SCS | 1NC No Norms—McGinnis | Authoritarian states don’t follow norms. | John O. McGinnis 7, Professor of Law, Northwestern University School of Law. ** Ilya Somin ** Assistant Professor of Law, George Mason University School of Law. GLOBAL CONSTITUTIONALISM: GLOBAL INFLUENCE ON U.S. JURISPRUDENCE: Should International Law Be Part of Our Law? 59 Stan. L. Rev. 1175 | McGinnis 7 | 122,075 | 47 | 1,615 |
1,846 | 1,214,400 | 29,765 | 1NR | Reg Neg CP | 1nc — certainty advantage | 6 — independently, key to budgets. | Fellows and Haydock 05 [Mark A. Fellows, William Mitchell College of Law, J.D. Candidate; B.S., Psychology/English, Lewis and Clark College; Roger S. Haydock, Director, Institute for Advanced Dispute Resolution; Professor of Law, William Mitchell College of Law; Director, National Arbitration Forum. Professor Haydock currently serves as a special master in the Baycol Products Litigation in United States District Court for the District of Minnesota; "FEDERAL COURT SPECIAL MASTERS: A VITAL RESOURCE IN THE ERA OF COMPLEX LITIGATION"; WILLIAM MITCHELL LAW REVIEW Vol. 31:3; Published: 2005; Accessed: 1-29-2022; https://www.courtappointedmasters.org/acam/assets/file/public/articles/FellowsHaydock.pdf; KL] | Haydock 05 | 578,694 | 1 | 1,983 |
1,847 | 872,822 | 20,926 | 2AC | T- NE ASIA | AT TRILAT | W/M – Okinawa presence is NE Asia | Shorrock 1 - Washington-based journalist who has been writing about East Asia and the Pacific Rim for over 20 years (Tim, “Okinawa and the U.S. Military in Northeast Asia” http://www.jref.com/forum/threads/article-okinawa-and-the-u-s-military-in-northeast-asia.46/) | Shorrock 1 | 422,539 | 12 | 405 |
1,848 | 363,186 | 4,765 | null | ***NEG Oceans DA*** | AT: Trawling Turn | Global agreement already banned trawling in a quarter of the ocean. | Mongabay, 5/7/2007. “Deal to end destructive bottom trawling reached,” http://news.mongabay.com/2007/0507-trawling.html. | Mongabay 2007 | 224,594 | 3 | 1,417 |
1,849 | 1,181,642 | 29,014 | 1AC---Mexico | 1AC | 1AC---IBWC ADV | IBWC hydro-diplomacy is necessary---they control the largest sources of environmental harm. | San Diego 19, a resolution produced by the City of San Diego, “Joint Resolution of State and Local Stakeholders Recommending Project Alternatives and Federal Actions to Eliminate Detrimental Transboundary Flows of Wastes in the Tijuana River Valley,” 12/3/19, https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/20191203_draftjointresolutiontijuanarivervalley.pdf | San Diego 19 | 560,648 | 60 | 3,644 |
1,850 | 843,862 | 20,106 | 1nr | China | 1nr no fill in | Arms sales are what their internal link is actually about – still accesses their arguments about security relationships being an impediment to Chinese cooperation but the AFF can’t remove them | Mansour 15 - Professor of International Affairs @ Qatar University [Imad Mansour, “The GCC States and the Viability of a Strategic Military Partnership with China,” Middle East Institute, Mar 17, 2015, pg. http://tinyurl.com/nptos79] | Mansour 15 | 424,099 | 19 | 9,406 |
1,851 | 844,294 | 20,114 | 2ac | terror | russia ao/o | Causes Russia/China nuclear war | Morgan, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 2009
(Dennis, World on fire: two scenarios of the destruction of human civilization and possible extinction of the human race Futures, Volume 41, Issue 10, December, ldg) | Morgan, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, 2009 | 88,812 | 112 | 4,535 |
1,852 | 631,636 | 11,911 | Yale R6 1NC v Silma | K | null | The university is an educational hall of mirrors in which all forms of knowledge are diluted toward non-recognition – education has been fundamentally bastardized into a weapon of the hyperreal and has stripped classrooms of education, students of learning, and teachers of teaching – all that remains is a rotting carcass of knowledge where the university once stood. | Rankin 16, [William, explorer in emerging pedagogies and mobile learning activist, 9/11, “Beyond Modern Education: Simulacra and Simulation,” https://unfoldlearning.net/2016/09/11/beyond-modern-education-2/ ] | Rankin 16, | 40,177 | 108 | 48,122 |
1,853 | 1,207,298 | 29,644 | 2NC | Dams Advantage | 1nc — dams advantage | Global actors mean they can’t solve biodiversity — prefer the only comparative analysis. | Carrington ’20 — Damian, environment editor, citing the Swiss Re Index; (October 12, 2020; “Fifth of countries at risk of ecosystem collapse, analysis finds”; The Guardian; https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/oct/12/fifth-of-nations-at-risk-of-ecosystem-collapse-analysis-finds; //LFS—SR) | Carrington ’20 | 10,139 | 36 | 3,084 |
1,854 | 844,522 | 20,119 | 2ac | off | 2AC K | Single issue focus is comparatively better than ideological critique – the their pedagogy gets sidelined and perpetuates the status quo | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,855 | 844,556 | 20,121 | 1ac | null | 1 --- Iran | Iran is exploiting the lack of a US response to area-denial tactics – this risks naval miscalculation | McInnis, 5/22/15, resident fellow American Enterprise Institute (J. Matthew, “Why does Iran keep playing chicken with the US navy?”, https://www.aei.org/publication/why-does-iran-keep-playing-chicken-with-the-us-navy/) | McInnis, 15 https://www.aei.org/publication/why-does-iran-keep-playing-chicken-with-the-us-navy/) | 463,000 | 6 | 4,344 |
1,856 | 1,228,068 | 30,212 | null | Solorio RH 1AC | Pollution Advantage---1AC | Those impacts are disparate, impacting people according to race and class divisions. | Kara Harris 20. "A Texas Town Takes on Fracking as a Racial Justice Issue". Bloomberg. 8-28-2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-28/racial-justice-concerns-spur-new-fracking-scrutiny accessed 7-21-2021 | Harris 20 | 487,682 | 72 | 5,024 |
1,857 | 272,435 | 3,410 | 2AC vs DAs | Primacy DA | Primacy DA—2ac | 1 – Engagement is inevitable – your author | Carpenter, 5-26—Ted Galen, senior fellow in defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute and a contributing editor at the National Interest. “America's Doomed China Strategy,” The National Interest, http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-skeptics/americas-doomed-china-strategy-16365 --br | Carpenter, 5-26 | 170,775 | 35 | 1,250 |
1,858 | 874,503 | 20,964 | Neg vs Sac State | 1NR | OVERVIEW | Timeframe is 6 months | Keck 14, Managing Editor of The Diplomat, 14 (Zachary, “Japan and China’s Dispute Goes Nuclear,” | Keck 14, Managing Editor of The Diplomat, 14 (Zachary, “Japan and China’s Dispute Goes Nuclear,” | 64,840 | 153 | 422 |
1,859 | 876,098 | 21,039 | Navy Rd 5 v. JMU CM | 2NC | Framework | There is no hope. Our military is capable of nothing but violent interventions and slaughters. Any protest is coopted by the military industrial complex only to maintain its own legitimacy. Protests will fail, so we must orient ourselves to destruction. | Calhoun 14, Ryan Calhoun, PhD Candidate and Activist at the University of Buffalo, “There is No Hope”; September 12th, 2014; http://c4ss.org/content/31665 | Calhoun 14, http://c4ss.org/content/31665 | 472,997 | 16 | 4,148 |
1,860 | 631,814 | 11,920 | null | Contention 3 is Nuclear Terror | null | Risk of nuclear terrorism is real and high now | Bracketed for gendered language | null | 108,102 | 49 | 15,662 |
1,861 | 875,961 | 21,031 | 2AC | null | null | Iraq war specifically is important – military training, strategy, and imprisonment has been exported to urban policing – focus upon Puerto Rico alone cannot solve. | Phillips 14 – (Kimberly, Dean of the School of the Humanities and Social Sciences at Brooklyn College, PhD in American Studies from Yale University. “War! What Is It Good For? Black Freedom Struggles and the U.S. Military from World War II to Iraq.” Ebook, http://site.ebrary.com.go.libproxy.wakehealth.edu/lib/wfu/reader.action?ppg=43&docID=10521876&tm=1458537264481) | Phillips 14 ) | 473,006 | 2 | 4,584 |
1,862 | 875,967 | 21,032 | CEDA Nations Round 5 v. Oklahoma CS | 1NC | null | Paradigmatic analysis means nothing when they isolate Iraq as unique. | Street 04, PAUL STREET, AUTHOR, MARCH 11, 2004. [“THOSE WHO DENY THE CRIMES OF THE PAST REFLECTIONS ON AMERICAN RACIST ATROCITY DENIAL, 1776-2004,” HTTP://THEREITIS.ORG/DISPLAYARTICLE242.HTML] | Street 04 | 134,054 | 35 | 1,785 |
1,863 | 876,032 | 21,036 | Navy Octos v. Pitt BC | 1NC | null | The colonialism of early America is the root cause of imperial violence today – it is extension of genocidal carnage against native peoples. Starting points are key, and we must acknowledge how these systems were perfected in the Americas then exported abroad. | Street 04, PAUL STREET, AUTHOR, MARCH 11, 2004. [“THOSE WHO DENY THE CRIMES OF THE PAST REFLECTIONS ON AMERICAN RACIST ATROCITY DENIAL, 1776-2004,” HTTP://THEREITIS.ORG/DISPLAYARTICLE242.HTML] | Street 04 | 134,054 | 35 | 1,785 |
1,864 | 844,922 | 20,128 | 2nc | null | 2nc bayet | Their theory of power is from a resistance paradigm which assumes power is a fluid ideological capital that circulates freely with our declarations– that underestimates the state as a fixed yet flexible node of power which means their model causes cooption – locating the state as a key variable of analysis is key to create actionable knowledge and organize collective action | Bayat, Sociology Prof @ University of Illinois, 13 | Bayat 13 | 12,736 | 296 | 13,104 |
1,865 | 845,181 | 20,134 | 1nc | Alliance Adv | 1NC Defo | Ecosystems aren’t interconnected – no spillover | Brook, Adelaide professor, 2013 | Brook, Adelaide professor, 2013 | 35,507 | 326 | 5,778 |
1,866 | 1,208,178 | 29,686 | 2AC | Kritik | 2AC — Alt | Micropolitics fail – if they’re right that power is a structural constraint they can’t articulate new modes of existence | Bayet 13, PhD, Catherine and Bruce Bastian Professor of Global and Transnational Studies at the Department of Sociology, University of Illinois, (Assef, Life as Politics: How Ordinary People Change the Middle East, Second Edition, Stanford University Press, pg. 41-46) | Bayet 13 | 12,736 | 296 | 10,716 |
1,867 | 631,926 | 11,934 | null | 1: k -- orientalism | null | Their imposition of India and Pakistan as threat as a nation is a practice of racial reductionism that exports and solidifies an inherently bloodstained hierarchy in international order, rooted in its colonial past. Mathur ’18: | [Ritu Mathur, 2018 (By Ritu Mathur, on 16 September, 2018. Accessed online June 24, 2019. “Techno-Racial dynamics of denial & difference in weapons control.” Ritu Mathur is at Department of Political Science at the University of Texas at San Antonio, in San Antonio, Texas. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02185377.2018.1515640)-- RSP*] | null | 66,632 | 86 | 1,943 |
1,868 | 1,208,194 | 29,706 | 1NC | ON | 1nc — advantage | If conventional war with China started or was imminent, the US would use nukes first | Tong Zhao et al 18, fellow @ Carnegie, PhD in Science, Technology, and International Affairs @ Georgia Institute of Technology, MA in International Relations @ Tsinghua University, “Reducing the Risks of Nuclear Entanglement”, https://carnegieendowment.org/2018/09/12/reducing-risks-of-nuclear-entanglement-pub-77236 | Zhao et al 18 | 10,464 | 158 | 2,858 |
1,869 | 386,055 | 5,007 | null | 1AC | Contention 2 – Ocean Ecosystems | Every turtle is key | Yaninek, 95 (Kathleen Doyle Yaninek *, * B.A., University of Notre Dame, 1985; M.S.J., Northwestern University, 1986; J.D., North Carolina Central University School of Law, 1994. Ms. Yaninek is an attorney practicing in the areas of personal injury, insurance defense and commercial litigation with Mette, Evans & Woodside in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, North Carolina Central Law Journal, 1995, 21 N.C. Cent. L.J. 256, “ARTICLE: TURTLE EXCLUDER DEVICE REGULATIONS: LAWS SEA TURTLES CAN LIVE WITH” Lexis, jj) | Yaninek, 95 (Kathleen Doyle Yaninek *, * B.A., University of Notre Dame, 1985; M.S.J., Northwestern University, 1986; J.D., North Carolina Central University School of Law, 1994. Ms. Yaninek is an attorney practicing in the areas of personal injury, insurance defense and commercial litigation with Mette, Evans & Woodside in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, North Carolina Central Law Journal, 1995, 21 N.C. Cent. L.J. 256, “ARTICLE: TURTLE EXCLUDER DEVICE REGULATIONS: LAWS SEA TURTLES CAN LIVE WITH” Lexis, jj) | 245,796 | 1 | 685 |
1,870 | 632,596 | 11,982 | Larp AC | null | null | Impact calc: 1. It’s a question of orientation towards the form of the university which is a prior question to the content of that practice and proves consequences are incoherent 2. It’s impossible to defeat the aff from other indexes since a) It would require an external standard of evaluation, but that would require a further standard, which is infinitely regress b) Epistemic skew – Every other index has been influenced by the code so using them to criticize our aff proves it true since the code influenced it and is trying to take down our movement 3. Contradictions affirm – the system must be gorged by its own meaninglessness and an overproduction of incoherent signs and symbols prove our method is doing its job by demonstrating the system has already subsumed truth 4. Don’t grant them analytic because their mode of thought has been epistemically skewed by the code so all their arguments are influenced by capitalism and detached from reality 5. Denying the aff is impossible – since we are an exposure of reality, any argument starts from the premise the aff is true, but to deny the aff is to deny any referent for your arguments and reality itself. | Advocacy: I defend the implementation of the resolution. We use an arm of the university and its operations to force the fiating of the removal of simulacrum through the injection of meaningless signs within the system. The use of an inherently meaningless construct of fiat exposes the operations of the university as we radically say ‘no’ to a simulacrum and prevent its existence through the system’s own construction, proving any answer to the solvency mechanism of the aff is actually proof of our method. Using educational institutions is key to accessing the inside of the system and imploding meaning. | Advocacy: I defend the implementation of the resolution. We use an arm of the university and its operations to force the fiating of the removal of simulacrum through the injection of meaningless signs within the system. The use of an inherently meaningless construct of fiat exposes the operations of the university as we radically say ‘no’ to a simulacrum and prevent its existence through the system’s own construction, proving any answer to the solvency mechanism of the aff is actually proof of our method. Using educational institutions is key to accessing the inside of the system and imploding meaning. | 159,693 | 15 | 2,584 |
1,871 | 876,249 | 21,050 | 1NC vs JMU MY | K | null | The affirmatives exhibition of the sovereign control over life and death in the perpetual quest for peace normalizes war as politics. Racialization of civil and military institutions necessitates the extermination of internal and external enemies, wherever and whoever they may be. | Nadesan 08, Majia Holmer Nadesan, professor of communication and social and behavioral sciences at ASU, “Governmentality, Biopower, and Everyday Life,” Routledge, 2008, pg. 184-187.//MAC | Nadesan 08 | 472,985 | 11 | 8,611 |
1,872 | 632,586 | 11,981 | Larp AC | Regular Version | null | [2] Education is the internal link to the rest of society since [a] It’s a prior question to engaging in any form of scholarship if that scholarship is influenced by the university [b] Systems of capital control society through a manipulation of education, that’s the Urciuoli evidence [c] Education is independently necessary to solve any problem since only learning about the problem and how to solve can actually solve anything, if solvency matters. | Advocacy: I defend the implementation of the resolution. We use an arm of the university and its operations to force the fiating of the removal of simulacrum through the injection of meaningless signs within the system. The use of an inherently meaningless construct of fiat exposes the operations of the university as we radically say ‘no’ to a simulacrum and prevent its existence through the system’s own construction, proving any answer to the solvency mechanism of the aff is actually proof of our method. Using educational institutions is key to accessing the inside of the system and imploding meaning. | Advocacy: I defend the implementation of the resolution. We use an arm of the university and its operations to force the fiating of the removal of simulacrum through the injection of meaningless signs within the system. The use of an inherently meaningless construct of fiat exposes the operations of the university as we radically say ‘no’ to a simulacrum and prevent its existence through the system’s own construction, proving any answer to the solvency mechanism of the aff is actually proof of our method. Using educational institutions is key to accessing the inside of the system and imploding meaning. | 159,693 | 15 | 2,584 |
1,873 | 3,324,319 | 109,661 | 1AC Newark R5 | null | Framework | Ethical uncertainty means we should seek to ensure the survival of humanity. | Bostrom Nick Bostrom (Faculty of Philosophy & Oxford Martin School University of Oxford). “Existential Risk Prevention as Global Priority.” Global Policy 2012. | Bostrom | 15,765 | 1,536 | 961 |
1,874 | 2,523,881 | 81,550 | null | null | 1nc---DA | The commercial LEO market can only flourish without the ISS. | George Sowers ’19, professor at the Colorado School of Mines and former vice president and chief scientist of United Launch Alliance, 3/19/19, “Commercializing Space: Before a commercial LEO market can flourish, the ISS must be retired,” Space News, https://spacenews.com/op-ed-commercializing-space-before-a-commercial-leo-market-can-flourish-the-iss-must-be-retired/] KS | Sowers ’19, ] KS | 1,144,622 | 1 | 3,349 |
1,875 | 3,324,433 | 109,735 | null | 1NC | 3? | The attempt to maximize the productivity of educational spaces only perpetuates the fantasy of radicalism, obscuring the conditions of pain and death necessary to make them possible. The only ethical act left is pure semiotic insurrection which scrambles the syntactic codes of the university. | AnarchistNews 10 (“The University, Social Death, and the Inside Joke,” http://news.infoshop.org/article.php?story=20100220181610620) | AnarchistNews 10 | 3,953 | 249 | 7,639 |
1,876 | 1,309,356 | 33,469 | 1NC Round 5 – Greenhill | Off | 1 | The alternative is a historic materialism critique that reveals the capitalist underpinning of social relations and institutionalized forms of violence. This pedagogy provides an educational base for constructive change for ending all forms of exploitation – the starting point for mass social movements is creating a common understanding of what structures oppression for the bulk of humanity | McLaren et al 4 (Peter is a prof and Gregory Marlin and Nathalia Jaramillo are doctoral students, Division of Urban Schooling of the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, Ramin Farahmandpur is an assistant professor in the Department of Educational Policy, Foundations, and Administrative Studies at Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, Winter 2004, “Teaching in and against the Empire: Critical Pedagogy as Revolutionary Praxis,” Teacher Education Quarterly)
Acknowledging that capitalist education acts as a drag on the development of "˜critical' or | McLaren et al 4 (Peter is a prof and Gregory Marlin and Nathalia Jaramillo are doctoral students, Division of Urban Schooling of the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, Ramin Farahmandpur is an assistant professor in the Department of Educational Policy, Foundations, and Administrative Studies at Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, Winter 2004, “Teaching in and against the Empire: Critical Pedagogy as Revolutionary Praxis,” Teacher Education Quarterly) | 1,397,795 | 3 | 69 |
1,877 | 846,805 | 20,169 | 1AR | CP | goal posts | Okinawa always moves the goal posts | Yoo, Trinity political science professor, 2014 | Yoo, Trinity political science professor, 2014 | 464,688 | 4 | 7,668 |
1,878 | 1,310,105 | 33,514 | 1NC octas | null | 2 | The alternative is a historic materialism critique that reveals the capitalist underpinning of social relations and institutionalized forms of violence. This pedagogy provides an educational base for constructive change for ending all forms of exploitation – the starting point for mass social movements is creating a common understanding of what structures oppression for the bulk of humanity | McLaren et al 4 (Peter is a prof and Gregory Marlin and Nathalia Jaramillo are doctoral students, Division of Urban Schooling of the Graduate School of Education and Information Studies at the University of California, Los Angeles, Ramin Farahmandpur is an assistant professor in the Department of Educational Policy, Foundations, and Administrative Studies at Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, Winter 2004, “Teaching in and against the Empire: Critical Pedagogy as Revolutionary Praxis,” Teacher Education Quarterly)
Acknowledging that capitalist education acts as a drag on the development of "˜critical' or | McLaren et al 4 is an assistant professor in the Department of Educational Policy, Foundations, and Administrative Studies at Portland State University, Portland, Oregon, Winter 2004, “Teaching in and against the Empire: Critical Pedagogy as Revolutionary Praxis,” Teacher Education Quarterly) | 1,397,795 | 3 | 69 |
1,879 | 1,215,754 | 29,878 | null | CASE | Inherency | Squo solves – Biden added Cybersecurity provisions to the infrastructure bill | Epstein 5/18, Jennifer Epstein, Kartikay Mehrotra, White House Reporter @ Bloomberg, Reporter @ Bloomberg, “Biden Proposes Billions for Cybersecurity After Wave of Attacks,” 5/18/21, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-05-18/biden-proposes-billions-for-cybersecurity-after-wave-of-attacks //cc | Epstein 5/18, Jennifer Epstein, Kartikay Mehrotra, White House Reporter @ Bloomberg, Reporter @ Bloomberg, “Biden Proposes Billions for Cybersecurity After Wave of Attacks,” 5/18/21, //cc | 23,420 | 7 | 1,952 |
1,880 | 3,981,000 | 134,495 | Standing---1AC---GH | Standing---1AC | Biodiversity Advantage---1AC | Two internal links: | null | null | 1,626,522 | 1 | null |
1,881 | 876,806 | 21,064 | Case | SLOC’s | SLOCs | Russia can’t initiate larger conflict – too weak | Bowen 6-7 (Andrew S. Bowen is a Ph.D Candidate in Political Science at Boston College. Andrew S. Bowen is an editorial assistant for The Interpreter, a Russian language translation and analysis journal, and a member of the strategic-consulting firm Wikistrat. "Russia's Deceptively Weak Military", The National Interest, http://nationalinterest.org/feature/russias-deceptively-weak-military-13059, 6-7-15) | Bowen 6-7 | 468,238 | 10 | 7,650 |
1,882 | 632,744 | 11,998 | null | null | null | Human errors in bioweapons labs make the release of diseases inevitable. Klotz 19 | Lynn Klotz 19. Senior science fellow at the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation. He also is co-managing director of Bridging BioScience and BioBusiness LLC, a biotechnology education business. Klotz is a former Harvard University faculty member and biotechnology company executive. While at Harvard, he was a recipient of the prestigious Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar grant for teaching excellence. He was also nominated for a Pulitzer Prize along with co-author Edward Sylvester, by the publisher Charles Scribner’s Sons, for the 1983 book The Gene Age: Genetic Engineering and the Next Industrial Revolution. In 2009, the University of Chicago Press published a second Klotz and Sylvester book, Breeding Bio Insecurity: How U.S. Biodefense is Exporting Fear, Globalizing Risk, and Making Us All Less Secure.The UC Press featured it as one of its seven best books of 2009. In 2016, his third book, Beyond the Science: The Business of Drug Development, was published online by BioPharma Dive, a subsidiary of Industry Dive, Inc, written 2-25, "Human error in high-biocontainment labs: a likely pandemic threat”, https://thebulletin.org/2019/02/human-error-in-high-biocontainment-labs-a-likely-pandemic-threat/. Rez | . Rez | 2,127 | 1,722 | 24,346 |
1,883 | 876,683 | 21,061 | Alliance | 1NC | Think Tanks | No disease impact | Keller 13 -- Analyst at Stratfor, Post-Doctoral Fellow at University of Colorado at Boulder (Rebecca, 2013, "Bioterrorism and the Pandemic Potential," http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/bioterrorism-and-pandemic-potential) | Keller 13 | 48,560 | 187 | 12,286 |
1,884 | 1,216,052 | 29,930 | Off | T | O/V | W/M - Dams are point-source polluters | Workman, 7 --- adviser and consultant on water and natural resources issues to governmental and nongovernmental organizations, including the World Commission on Dams (FALL 2007, JAMES G. WORKMAN, “How to Fix Our Dam Problems; Thousands of aging dams should be repaired or destroyed, at a cost of billions. A cap-and-trade policy could speed the process and help pay the bills,” https://issues.org/workman-water-crisis-drought-fix-dams/, JMP) | Workman, 7 | 33,060 | 27 | 617 |
1,885 | 847,329 | 20,182 | null | 2NC | *Topicality | Single issue focus is comparatively better than ideological critique – the their pedagogy gets sidelined and perpetuates the status quo | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,886 | 847,444 | 20,184 | 2AC | OFF | 2AC TPP Bad | No impact to the environment | Brook, Adelaide professor, 2013 | Brook, Adelaide professor, 2013 | 35,507 | 326 | 5,778 |
1,887 | 632,833 | 12,006 | null | null | null | And, human errors in bioweapons labs make the release of diseases inevitable. Klotz 19 | Lynn Klotz 19. Senior science fellow at the Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation. He also is co-managing director of Bridging BioScience and BioBusiness LLC, a biotechnology education business. Klotz is a former Harvard University faculty member and biotechnology company executive. While at Harvard, he was a recipient of the prestigious Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar grant for teaching excellence. He was also nominated for a Pulitzer Prize along with co-author Edward Sylvester, by the publisher Charles Scribner’s Sons, for the 1983 book The Gene Age: Genetic Engineering and the Next Industrial Revolution. In 2009, the University of Chicago Press published a second Klotz and Sylvester book, Breeding Bio Insecurity: How U.S. Biodefense is Exporting Fear, Globalizing Risk, and Making Us All Less Secure.The UC Press featured it as one of its seven best books of 2009. In 2016, his third book, Beyond the Science: The Business of Drug Development, was published online by BioPharma Dive, a subsidiary of Industry Dive, Inc, written 2-25, "Human error in high-biocontainment labs: a likely pandemic threat”, https://thebulletin.org/2019/02/human-error-in-high-biocontainment-labs-a-likely-pandemic-threat/. Rez | . Rez | 2,127 | 1,722 | 24,355 |
1,888 | 847,325 | 20,182 | null | 1NC | A2: Abolish All | Single issue focus is comparatively better than ideological critique – the their pedagogy gets sidelined and perpetuates the status quo | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,889 | 847,334 | 20,182 | null | 1NR | Case | AFF glosses over key nodes of cultural hegemony and their project gets side-lined | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | Lieberfeld, Associate Professor of Public Policy @ McAnulty College, 8 | 16,840 | 179 | 3,858 |
1,890 | 1,208,480 | 29,615 | 2nc | K | Case | Can’t solve dead zones --- warming drives them and it’s a global issue | Gokkon 18 – Jakarta, Indonesia, based journalist with interest in humanitarian issues, particularly environment and public health (Basten, 1/9. “Global warming, pollution supersize the oceans’ oxygen-depleted dead zones.” https://news.mongabay.com/2018/01/global-warming-pollution-supersize-the-oceans-oxygen-depleted-dead-zones/) | Gokkon 18 | 29,884 | 18 | 1,545 |
1,891 | 1,216,990 | 29,884 | Round 4 – 1NC | Case | 1NC — Turn | Salmon isnt key | Mauer, 20 (K. Whitney Mauer, is Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies at Hobart and William Smith Collages. "Unsettling Resilience: Colonial Ecological Violence, Indigenous Futurisms, and the Restoration of the Elwha River*", Wiley Online Library, 12-20-2020, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/ruso.12365) | Mauer, 20 | 38,908 | 25 | 3,308 |
1,892 | 196,423 | 2,516 | 1AC | 1AC – PRF Version | Act 1: The Narrative (2) | Chronic exposure leads to brain damage | null | null | 128,651 | 1 | null |
1,893 | 878,082 | 21,093 | R5 Neg | 1NC | 4 | Extinction | Yu 09 [Victoria, “Human Extinction: The Uncertainty of Our Fate,” Dartmouth Journal of Undergraduate Science, May 22, http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/spring-2009/human-extinction-the-uncertainty-of-our-fate] | Yu 09 | 95,194 | 130 | 2,099 |
1,894 | 633,000 | 12,017 | null | null | Bio weapons: | Extinction | Sandberg, 8 -- Oxford University Future of Humanity Institute research fellow | Sandberg, 8 | 21,354 | 875 | 1,575 |
1,895 | 1,217,718 | 29,956 | Niggas Can’t Swim | null | 1AC | For us to understand the end vs new beginnings | Sharpe 16 (Christina Sharpe is Associate Professor of English at Tufts University and the author of Monstrous Intimacies: Making Post-Slavery Subjects, also published by Duke University Press), “In the Wake: On Blackness and Being”, Duke University Press, 2016, pg 102-104. BH | Sharpe 16 Monstrous Intimacies: Making Post-Slavery Subjects | 86,303 | 40 | 4,843 |
1,896 | 879,399 | 21,122 | 1AC | Drones Aff- Coast | 1AC – Terror | Unfortunately, damage has already been done, HVT operations are necessary to prevent short term terror attacks | Price 12 Bryan C. Price is a major in the U.S. Army and former Assistant Professor of Social Sciences at the U.S. Military Academy. He will serve at the Asia-Paciªc Center for Security Studies starting in August 2012. The viewpoints expressed in this article do not necessarily reºect those of the U.S. Army or the Department of Defense. The dataset, tables, ªg | Price 12 | 474,149 | 10 | 4,608 |
1,897 | 848,548 | 20,241 | Round 8—Aff vs Emory KS | 2AC | 2ac Cyber DA | Obama will deflect any blame --- he has a well-orchestrated strategy | Kraushaar, 14 (9/29/14, Josh, Atlantic.com, “Obama Keeps Passing the Buck,” Factiva) | Kraushaar, 14 | 462,586 | 5 | 5,960 |
1,898 | 633,131 | 12,023 | null | Method | null | Debating climate change is key to awareness and preventing the actual impact – outweighs other pre-fiat impacts | CNA 14: [CNA Military Advisory Board (Center for Naval Analyses is a nonprofit institution that conducts in-depth, independent research and analysis). “National Security and the Accelerating Risks of Climate Change.” May 2014] | CNA 14: | 380,747 | 13 | 1,860 |
1,899 | 734,352 | 16,727 | 1NC | Off | Case | Carriers are key to Iran deterrence and allied assurance | Commander Ryan Tewell 15 is a naval officer and Federal Executive Fellow at The Washington Institute who has completed multiple carrier deployments to the Gulf. The views expressed herein are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. Navy, U.S. Department of Defense, or U.S. government, "Assessing the U.S. Aircraft Carrier Gap in the Gulf," 10-5-2015, No Publication, http://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/assessing-the-u.s.-aircraft-carrier-gap-in-the-gulf, DOA: 11-5-2015, y2k | Tewell 15 | 426,569 | 34 | 3,894 |
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