translation
translation |
|---|
{
"en": "In China it was mixed with Risei (Li Jing), a warrior at the beginning of the Tang who was respected as a war god, which led to the creation of the god Takutori-tenno.",
"ja": "中国では、軍神と称えられた唐代初期の武将李靖と習合し、托塔李天王(たくとうりてんのう。単に托塔天王とも)という尊格が生まれた。"
} |
{
"en": "This Takutori-tenno is today thought of as a god other than Tamonten among the Shitenno and as a kind of shogun of gods who led the Shitenno, including Tamonten.",
"ja": "この托塔李天王は、現在では四天王の多聞天とは別の神と考えられ、むしろ多聞天も含めた四天王を率いる神々の将軍とされている。"
} |
{
"en": "Later, it became to be revered in Dokyo as well.",
"ja": "後に道教でも崇められるようになった。"
} |
{
"en": "This is Takutori-tenno, described as father of Nata-taishi in \"Journey to West\" and Risei in Feng-Shen-Yen-I.",
"ja": "ナタ太子の父として描かれる『西遊記』の托塔李天王、封神演義の李靖がこれである。"
} |
{
"en": "As mentioned above, while Tamonten of the Shitenno is shown as a figure that has an umbrella, Takutori-tenno is shown as a warrior figure that has a pagoda.",
"ja": "前述の通り四天王の多聞天は傘などを持った姿で表されるが、托塔李天王は宝塔を持った武将の姿で表される。"
} |
{
"en": "This succeeds the old figure of Bishamonten, which was shaped during the Tang dynasty.",
"ja": "これは唐代に於いて造形された毘沙門天の古い姿を継承したものである。"
} |
{
"en": "Tobatsu Bishamonten",
"ja": "兜跋毘沙門天"
} |
{
"en": "There is a particular figure of statue which is called Tobatsu Bishamonten.",
"ja": "兜跋毘沙門天（とばつびしゃもんてん）と呼ばれる特殊な像容がある。"
} |
{
"en": "It wears armor knitted from chains (Kinsako (金鎖甲), and protective gear called Ebigote (海老籠手) over the arms, as well as a coronet on the head.",
"ja": "金鎖甲（きんさこう）という鎖を編んで作った鎧を着し、腕には海老籠手（えびごて）と呼ぶ防具を着け筒状の宝冠を被る。"
} |
{
"en": "Its belongings are a pagoda in the left hand and a treasure club or ji in the right hand, which is clearly exotic.",
"ja": "持物は左手に宝塔、右手に宝棒または戟で、見るからに異国風の像である。"
} |
{
"en": "Additionally, it stands on Chitennyo and two devils (Niranba and Biranba) instead of Jaki.",
"ja": "また、邪鬼ではなく地天女及び二鬼(尼藍婆、毘藍婆)の上に立つ姿である。"
} |
{
"en": "It is said that Tobatsu Bishamonten in To-ji Temple (Kyoogokoku-ji Temple) was placed on Rajomon gate.",
"ja": "東寺の兜跋毘沙門天像は、かつて羅城門の楼上に安置されていたという。"
} |
{
"en": "It is generally said that 'Tobatsu (兜跋)' means Western 兜跋 country (Turfan at present), which is based on a legend that Bishamonten appeared in this place with this figure.",
"ja": "「兜跋」とは西域兜跋国、即ち現在のトゥルファンとする説が一般的で、ここに毘沙門天がこの姿で現れたという伝説に基づく。"
} |
{
"en": "Other characters of '刀抜' or '屠半' are used in some cases.",
"ja": "また「刀抜」「屠半」などの字を宛てることもある。"
} |
{
"en": "The figures of statues are clarified into two: the one that faithfully emulates the statue of To-ji Temple (the statue of Nara National Museum, the statue of Seiryo-ji Temple in Kyoto) and the other, which is nearly the same as the usual Bishamonten statue except that it stands on both hands of Chitennyo (Narushima Bishamon-do in Iwate, etc.).",
"ja": "像容は、東寺像を忠実に模刻したもの（奈良国立博物館像、京都・清凉寺像など）と、地天女の両手の上に立つ以外は通例の毘沙門天像と変わらないもの（岩手・成島毘沙門堂像など）とがある。"
} |
{
"en": "\"Monzeki\" or \"Monseki\" means the formal successor of the founder of a Buddhist sect in Japan.",
"ja": "門跡（もんせき、もんぜき）とは、日本の仏教の開祖の正式な後継者。"
} |
{
"en": "It means 'Monyo Monryu.'",
"ja": "「門葉門流」の意。"
} |
{
"en": "It is also called Monshu.",
"ja": "門主とも。"
} |
{
"en": "Since the Kamakura period it has come to mean the high-class temple itself, or in other words the status of the temple, and those temples have come to be called Monzeki temples.",
"ja": "鎌倉時代以降は位階の高い寺院そのもの、つまり寺格を指すようになり、それらの寺院を門跡寺院と呼ぶようになった。"
} |
{
"en": "It was in the beginning that Emperor Uda became priest and lived in Ninna-ji Temple (therefore called Omuro-gosho), and came to be called Omuro-Monzeki.",
"ja": "宇多天皇が出家して仁和寺に入室し御室御所と称し、御室門跡となったのが始まりである。"
} |
{
"en": "Since around the beginning of the Kamakura period, children of the Imperial Family and the sekke (the line of regents and advisers) came to be priests at specific temples.",
"ja": "鎌倉時代初期頃からは皇族や摂家等の子弟が特定の寺院に出家するようになる。"
} |
{
"en": "The children had a Shoen (i.e. a manor) and came to take control of accepted temples by political power due to their economic power so that they ultimately came to succeed each monryu.",
"ja": "子弟らは荘園を所有しておりその経済力を背景とした政治力をもって、受け入れた寺院内の支配権を掌握するようになり、各門流を継承するようになった。"
} |
{
"en": "This became a custom, and soon 'Monzeki' itself was changed to mean the title of the specific temples to which people from the 'nobility' succeeded.",
"ja": "これらが慣例化してやがて、「門跡」自体が「貴族」出身者によって継承される特定の院家・寺院を指す称号へと変化した。"
} |
{
"en": "During the Muromachi period, 'Monzeki,' as the status of a temple, was established so that the post of Monzeki bugyo (shogunate administrator, 門跡奉行) to govern Monzeki temples was assigned by the Muromachi shogunate.",
"ja": "そして室町時代になると、寺格としての「門跡」が確立し、室町幕府には、門跡寺院に関する政務を執る門跡奉行が置かれた。"
} |
{
"en": "Additionally, the Edo shogunate institutionalized the monzeki through the clarification of miya-monzeki (temples headed by imperial princes, 宮門跡), sekke-monzeki (temples headed by the sekke families, 摂家門跡), seiga-monzeki (temples headed by the seiga families, 清華門跡), kubo-monzeki (公方門跡) or buke-monzki (武家門跡, temples headed by military families), jun-monzeki (准門跡) or waki-monzeki (脇門跡), etc.",
"ja": "さらに江戸幕府では、宮門跡、摂家門跡、清華門跡、公方門跡（武家門跡）、准門跡（脇門跡）などに区分して制度化した。"
} |
{
"en": "Tendai sect (Sanmon-ha)",
"ja": "天台宗（山門派）"
} |
{
"en": "Shoren-in Temple (Awata-gosho)",
"ja": "青蓮院（粟田御所）"
} |
{
"en": "Sanzenin Temple (Kajii-dono, Kajii Monzeki, Nashimoto Monzeki)",
"ja": "三千院（梶井殿、梶井門跡、梨本門跡）"
} |
{
"en": "Bishamon-do",
"ja": "毘沙門堂"
} |
{
"en": "Manshu-in Temple (Takenouchi Monzeki)",
"ja": "曼殊院（竹の内門跡）"
} |
{
"en": "Myoho-in Temple",
"ja": "妙法院"
} |
{
"en": "Rinnoji Temple",
"ja": "輪王寺"
} |
{
"en": "Jodo-ji Temple",
"ja": "浄土寺"
} |
{
"en": "Hongaku-ji Temple",
"ja": "本覚寺"
} |
{
"en": "Hoju-ji Temple (Kyoto city)",
"ja": "法住寺(京都市)"
} |
{
"en": "Myoko-in Temple",
"ja": "妙香院"
} |
{
"en": "Shiga-in Temple",
"ja": "滋賀院"
} |
{
"en": "(Jimon-ha)",
"ja": "（寺門派）"
} |
{
"en": "Shogo-in Temple",
"ja": "聖護院"
} |
{
"en": "Shoko-in Temple",
"ja": "照高院"
} |
{
"en": "Jisso-in Temple",
"ja": "実相院"
} |
{
"en": "Onjo-ji Temple Enmanin",
"ja": "園城寺円満院"
} |
{
"en": "Byodo-in Temple (double with Jodo-shu)",
"ja": "平等院（浄土宗と兼ねる）"
} |
{
"en": "Joju-in Temple",
"ja": "常住院"
} |
{
"en": "Nyoi-ji Temple",
"ja": "如意寺"
} |
{
"en": "Shingon sect",
"ja": "真言宗"
} |
{
"en": "(Ninna-ji Temple (Omuro Monzeki)",
"ja": "仁和寺（御室門跡）"
} |
{
"en": "Daikakuji Temple",
"ja": "大覚寺"
} |
{
"en": "Rengeko-in Temple",
"ja": "蓮華光院"
} |
{
"en": "Daigo-ji Temple Sampo-in",
"ja": "醍醐寺三宝院"
} |
{
"en": "Daigo-ji Temple Kongoo-in",
"ja": "醍醐寺金剛王院"
} |
{
"en": "Zuishin-in Temple (Ono Monzeki)",
"ja": "随心院（小野門跡）"
} |
{
"en": "Kaju-ji Temple",
"ja": "勧修寺"
} |
{
"en": "Ansho-ji Temple (Kyoto City)",
"ja": "安祥寺(京都市)"
} |
{
"en": "Tonan-in Temple (Nara City)",
"ja": "東南院(奈良市)"
} |
{
"en": "Jojo-in Temple",
"ja": "上乗院"
} |
{
"en": "Shoho-in Temple",
"ja": "勝宝院"
} |
{
"en": "Bodai-in Temple",
"ja": "菩提院"
} |
{
"en": "Kyorei-in Temple",
"ja": "教令院"
} |
{
"en": "Hosso-shu sect",
"ja": "法相宗"
} |
{
"en": "Kofuku-ji Temple Ichijo-in",
"ja": "興福寺一乗院"
} |
{
"en": "Kofuku-ji Temple Daijo-in",
"ja": "興福寺大乗院"
} |
{
"en": "Jodo sect",
"ja": "浄土宗"
} |
{
"en": "Chion-in Temple",
"ja": "知恩院"
} |
{
"en": "Zenrin-ji Temple (Kyoto City)",
"ja": "禅林寺(京都市)"
} |
{
"en": "The temples in which Hoshinno or Nyudoshinno (i.e. a priestly Imperial Prince) lived as a chief priest.",
"ja": "法親王、または入道親王が住職として居住する寺院。"
} |
{
"en": "The thirteen temples of Rinno-ji, Myoho-in, Shogo-in, Shoko-in, Shoren-in, Sanzen-in, Manju-in, Bishamon-do, Enman-in, Ninna-ji, Daikaku-ji, Kaju-ji and Chion-in",
"ja": "輪王寺、妙法院、聖護院、照高院、青蓮院、三千院、曼珠院、毘沙門堂、円満院、仁和寺、大覚寺、勧修寺、知恩院の13寺院のこと。"
} |
{
"en": "They are also called the thirteen monzeki.",
"ja": "十三門跡とも称する。"
} |
{
"en": "In fact, only the Imperial Prince could enter the three monzeki of Rinno-ji Temple, Ninna-ko Temple and Daikaku-ji Temple, while children from the sekke could enter the other monzeki.",
"ja": "実際には親王家に限って入寺するのは輪王寺・仁和寺・大覚寺の3門跡で、その他は摂家からも入寺することができた。"
} |
{
"en": "This word has been used since around the Muromachi period, and children from the sekke became chief priests.",
"ja": "室町時代頃から用いられるようになり、摂家の子弟が住職となる。"
} |
{
"en": "It was not an inherent title of each monzeki temple but instead indicated the descent of the chief priest.",
"ja": "個々の門跡寺院に固有の称号ではなく、その時々の住持の出身を指す。"
} |
{
"en": "Temples of a status second to Monzeki",
"ja": "門跡に準ずる格式の寺院のこと。"
} |
{
"en": "Or, a monzeki temple that is subordinate to the other one",
"ja": "または、他の門跡寺に対して従の関係にある門跡寺のこと。"
} |
{
"en": "It is also called \"Waki Monzeki.\"",
"ja": "脇門跡ともいう。"
} |
{
"en": "Shoren-in Temple, Sanzenin Temple, Bishamon-do, Manju-in Temple and Myoho-in Temple",
"ja": "青蓮院、三千院、毘沙門堂、蔓殊院、妙法院"
} |
{
"en": "Sanpo-in Temple, Hoon-in Temple, Kongoo-in Temple, Risho-in Temple, Muryoju-in Temple",
"ja": "三宝院、報恩院、金剛王院、理性院、無量寿院"
} |
{
"en": "This is a generic term for Higashi-Hongwan-ji Temple, Nishi-Hongwan-ji Temple, Bukko-ji Temple, Senju-ji Temple and Kosho-ji Temple, which are defined as being second to the monzeki in the Jodo Shinshu sect.",
"ja": "浄土真宗で門跡に准ぜられた東本願寺、西本願寺、佛光寺、専修寺、興正寺の総称。"
} |
{
"en": "They are also called the five Monto (門徒).",
"ja": "五門徒ともいう。"
} |
{
"en": "The temple of which a princess or a daughter of nobility becomes a chief priest.",
"ja": "皇女や貴族の息女が住職となる寺院。"
} |
{
"en": "It is also called Bikuni-gosho or Ama-monzeki.",
"ja": "比丘尼御所、尼門跡ともいう。"
} |
{
"en": "Daisho-ji Temple (Rinzai sect) Otera-gosho",
"ja": "大聖寺（臨済宗） 御寺御所"
} |
{
"en": "Hokyo-ji Temple (Rinzai sect) Dodo-gosho",
"ja": "法鏡寺（臨済宗） 百々御所"
} |
{
"en": "Donge-in Temple (Rinzai sect) Take-no-gosho, Take-gosho",
"ja": "曇華院（臨済宗） 竹御所"
} |
{
"en": "Kosho-in Temple (combining four sects), Tokiwa-gosho",
"ja": "光照院（四宗兼学） 常盤御所"
} |
{
"en": "Reigan-ji Temple (Rinzai sect) Tani-goten",
"ja": "霊鑑寺（臨済宗） 谷御殿"
} |
{
"en": "Ensho-ji Temple (Rinzai sect) Yamamura-gosho",
"ja": "円照寺（臨済宗） 山村御所"
} |
{
"en": "Rinkyu-ji Temple (Rinzai sect) Otowa-no-gosho",
"ja": "林丘寺（臨済宗） 音羽御所"
} |
{
"en": "Chugu-ji Temple (Hossorisshu sect (法相律宗)) Ikaruga-goten",
"ja": "中宮寺（法相律宗） 斑鳩御殿"
} |
{
"en": "Jiju-in Temple (Rinzai sect)",
"ja": "慈受院（臨済宗）"
} |
{
"en": "Sanji Chion-ji Temple (Jodo sect) Irie-gosho",
"ja": "三時知恩寺（浄土宗）入江御所"
} |
{
"en": "Hokkeji Temple (Risshu sect)",
"ja": "法華寺（律宗）"
} |
{
"en": "Zuiryu-ji Temple (Omihachiman city) (Nichiren sect) Murakumo-gosho",
"ja": "瑞龍寺(近江八幡市)（日蓮宗） 村雲御所"
} |
{
"en": "Soji-in Temple (Rinzai sect) Usukumo-gosho",
"ja": "総持院（臨済宗） 薄雲御所"
} |
{
"en": "Hoji-in Temple (Rinzai sect) Chiyo-gosho",
"ja": "宝慈院（臨済宗） 千代御所"
} |
{
"en": "Honko-in Temple (Tendai sect) Kurodo-gosho",
"ja": "本光院（天台宗） 蔵人御所"
} |
{
"en": "The sect Hong gwan-ji-ha is one of the Jodo Shinshu sects.",
"ja": "浄土真宗本願寺派（じょうどしんしゅうほんがんじは）は、浄土真宗の一派。"
} |
{
"en": "The head temple is Nishi Hongwan-ji Temple, which began from Otani Byodo (the present Otani Mausoleum), a grave of Shinran, the founder of the sect.",
"ja": "宗祖親鸞聖人の墓所である大谷廟堂（現・大谷本廟）を発祥とする西本願寺（西本願寺）を本山とする。"
} |
{
"en": "The branch temples number 10,497.",
"ja": "末寺数は10497か寺を数える。"
} |
{
"en": "The believers number approximately 6,940,000, which is the largest among Jodo Shinshu sects (Shinshu sects) and among Buddhist religious corporations as well.",
"ja": "信者数約694万人は浄土真宗（真宗）の各宗派中最大であり、また、仏教系の宗教法人の中でも最大数を誇っている。"
} |
{
"en": "Among religious corporations as a whole, it is the second largest after Jinja-Honcho, the Association of Shinto Shrines.",
"ja": "宗教法人全体でも、神社本庁についで2番目に多い。"
} |
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