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Translate to Arabic
|
This is a map of Soap Lake, Washington.
|
ูุฐู ูู ุฎุงุฑุทุฉ ุจุญูุฑุฉ ุณูุจุ ูุงุดูุทูู.
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Translate to Arabic
|
As you can see, if that's nowhere, it's in the middle of it.
|
ูู
ุง ูู
ููู ุฃู ุชุฑูุงุ ุฅุฐุง ูุงูุช ุชูู ูุง ู
ูุงูุ ููู ูู ู
ูุชุตููุง.
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Translate to Arabic
|
But they do have a lake.
|
ููู ูุฏููู
ุจุญูุฑุฉ.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
And people used to come from miles around to swim in the lake.
|
ููุฏ ุฃุนุชุงุฏ ุงููุงุณ ุนูู ุงูู
ุฌุฆ ู
ู ุฃู
ูุงู ููุณุจุงุญุฉ ูู ุงูุจุญูุฑุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
|
They don't anymore. So the founding fathers said, "We've got some money to spend.
|
ูู
ูุนุฏ ููุนููุง ุฐูู. ูุฐุง ููุฏ ูุงู ุงูู
ุคุณุณ ุงูุฃุจุ " ูุฏููุง ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุงู ูููููู.
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Translate to Arabic
|
What can we build here?" And like most committees, they were going to build something pretty safe.
|
ู
ุงุฐุง ูู
ูู ุฃู ูุจูู ููุงุ" ูู
ุซู ู
ุนุธู
ุงููุฌุงูุ ูุงููุง ุณูุจููู ุดุฆ ู
ุง ุขู
ู ููุบุงูุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
|
And then an artist came to them -- this is a true artist's rendering -- he wants to build a 55-foot tall lava lamp in the center of town.
|
ุนูุฏุฆุฐ ุฌุงุก ููุงู ุฅูููู
-- ูุฐุง ูู ุชูุฏูู
ููุงู ุญูููู-- ููุฏ ุฃุฑุงุฏ ุจูุงุก ู
ุตุจุงุญ ุจุทูู 55 ูุฏู
ุงู ูู ู
ูุชุตู ุงูู
ุฏููุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
|
That's a purple cow; that's something worth noticing.
|
ุชูู ูู ุงูุจูุฑุฉ ุงููุฑุฏูุฉุ ุฐูู ุดุฆ ูุณุชุญู ุงูุฅูุชุจุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
|
I don't know about you, but if they build it, that's where I'm going to go.
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ูุง ุฃุนุฑู ุนููู
ููููู
ุฅู ุจูููุงุ ูุฐูู ุงูู
ูุงู ู
ุง ุงุฑุบุจ ุจุงูุฐูุงุจ ุฅููู.
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Translate to Arabic
|
Thank you very much for your attention.
|
ุดูุฑุงู ุฌุฒููุงู ุนูู ุฅูุชุจุงููู
.
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Translate to Arabic
|
<reviewer href="http://www.ted.com/profiles/1020352">Thu-Huong Ha</reviewer>
|
<reviewer href="http://www.ted.com/profiles/321965">Mahmoud Aghiorly</reviewer>
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Translate to Arabic
|
<translator href="http://www.ted.com/profiles/612126">Carolina Montero</translator>
|
<translator href="http://www.ted.com/profiles/122540">Anwar Dafa-Alla</translator>
|
Translate to Arabic
|
</doc>
|
</doc>
|
Translate to Arabic
|
<doc docid="29" genre="lectures">
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<doc docid="29" genre="lectures">
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Translate to Arabic
|
<url>http://www.ted.com/talks/steven_levitt_analyzes_crack_economics</url>
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<url>http://www.ted.com/talks/steven_levitt_analyzes_crack_economics</url>
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Translate to Arabic
|
<keywords>talks, business, cities, culture, economics, narcotics, race</keywords>
|
<keywords>talks, business, cities, culture, economics, narcotics, race</keywords>
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Translate to Arabic
|
<speaker>Steven Levitt</speaker>
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<speaker>Steven Levitt</speaker>
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Translate to Arabic
|
<talkid>29</talkid>
|
<talkid>29</talkid>
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Translate to Arabic
|
<title>Steven Levitt: The freakonomics of crack dealing</title>
|
<title>ุณุชููู ูููุช: ุชุญููู ุงูุชุตุงุฏ ุชุฌุงุฑุฉ ุงูู
ุฎุฏุฑุงุช</title>
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Translate to Arabic
|
<description>TED Talk Subtitles and Transcript: "Freakonomics" author Steven Levitt presents new data on the finances of drug dealing. Contrary to popular myth, he says, being a street-corner crack dealer isn't lucrative: It pays below minimum wage. And your boss can kill you.</description>
|
<description>TED Talk Subtitles and Transcript: "ุณุชููู ูููุช" ูุงุชุจ ูุชุงุจ "ูุฑูููููู
ูุณ" ูุนุฑุถ ู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุฌุฏูุฏุฉ ุนู ุชุฌุงุฑุฉ ุงูู
ุฎุฏุฑุงุช ู
ู ุงููุงุญูุฉ ุงูู
ุงููุฉ. ูููู ุณุชููู ูููุช: ุจุนูุณ ู
ุง ูุนุชูุฏู ุงููุงุณุ ุจูุน ุงููููุงููู ุนูู ุงูุดูุงุฑุน ููุณุช ุจุงูุชุฌุงุฑุฉ ุงูู
ุฑุจุญุฉ. ุจู ุชูุณุจู ุงูุญุฏ ุงูุฃุฏูู ููุฃุฌูุฑ. ูุฑุฆูุณู ูุฏ ููุชูู.</description>
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Translate to Arabic
|
You'll be happy to know that I'll be talking not about my own tragedy, but other people's tragedy.
|
ุณูุณุนุฏูู
ุฃู ุชุนูู
ูุง ุฃูู ูู ุฃุชููู
ุนู ู
ุฃุณุงุชู ุงูุฎุงุตุฉุ ุจู ุนู ู
ุขุณู ุงูุขุฎุฑูู.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
It's a lot easier to be lighthearted about other people's tragedy than your own, and I want to keep it in the spirit of the conference.
|
ู
ู ุงูุณูู ุนุฏู
ุงูุงูุชู
ุงู
ุนูุฏู
ุง ุชุญุฏุซ ุงูู
ุตูุจุฉ ูุบูุฑู ุจุฏูุงู ุนููุ ูุฃุฑูุฏ ุฃู ูุชูุงุณุจ ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ู
ุน ุฑูุญ ุงูู
ุคุชู
ุฑ.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
So, if you believe the media accounts, being a drug dealer in the height of the crack cocaine epidemic was a very glamorous life, in the words of Virginia Postrel.
|
ูุนูุฏู
ุง ุชุตุฏููู ูุณุงุฆู ุงูุงุนูุงู
ุ ููู ุงูุดุฎุต ุจุงุฆุน ู
ุฎุฏุฑุงุช ูู ุฐุฑูุฉ ุงูุชุดุงุฑ ุงููููุงููู ูุงูุช ูุฏูู ุญูุงุฉ ู
ุฑููุฉุ ุนูู ุญุฏ ููู "ูุฑุฌููุง ุจูุณุชุฑู"
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Translate to Arabic
|
There was money, there was drugs, guns, women, you know, you name it -- jewelry, bling-bling -- it had it all.
|
ูุงู ููุงู ู
ุงู ูู
ุฎุฏุฑุงุช ูุฃุณูุญุฉ ููุณุงุก ูู
ุฌููุฑุงุช ูุงูุณูุงุณู ุงููู
ุงุนุฉุ ูุงู ููุงู ูู ุดูุก
|
Translate to Arabic
|
What I'm going to tell you today is that, in fact, based on 10 years of research, a unique opportunity to go inside a gang -- to see the actual books, the financial records of the gang -- that the answer turns out not to be that being in the gang was a glamorous life.
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ู
ุง ุณูู ุฃูููู ุงูููู
ู
ุจููุงู ุนูู ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ู
ุฏุชูุง ูกู ุณููุงุช ูุฑุตุฉ ูุฑูุฏู ูุฏุฎูู ุงูุนุตุงุจุงุช -- ูู
ุดุงูุฏุฉ ุฏูุงุชุฑ ุงูุญุณุงุจุงุชุ ูุงูุฃูุฑุงู ุงูู
ุงููุฉ ููุนุตุงุจุงุช -- ููุฌุฏูุง ุญูุงุฉ ุงูุนุตุงุจุงุช ููุณุช ุญูุงุฉ ู
ุฑููุฉ ุฃุจุฏุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
|
But I think, more realistically, that being in a gang -- selling drugs for a gang -- is perhaps the worst job in all of America.
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ูุงููุงูุนุ ุงูุงูุถู
ุงู
ูุฃู ุนุตุงุจุฉ -- ูุจูุนู ุงูู
ุฎุฏุฑุงุช ููุนุตุงุจุฉ -- ู
ู ุงูู
ู
ูู ุฃู ูููู ู
ู ุฃุณูุฃ ุงููุธุงุฆู ูู ุฃู
ุฑููุง.
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Translate to Arabic
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And that's what I'd like to convince you of today.
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ููุฐุง ู
ุง ุฃุฑุฏุช ุฃู ุฃุซุจุชู ููู
ุงูููู
.
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Translate to Arabic
|
So there are three things I want to do.
|
ููุงู ุซูุงุซุฉ ุฃุดูุงุก ุฃุฑูุฏ ุขู ุฃูุนููุง.
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Translate to Arabic
|
First, I want to explain how and why crack cocaine had such a profound influence on inner-city gangs.
|
ุฃููุงูุ ุฃุฑูุฏ ุฃู ุฃุดุฑุญ ููู
ููู ููู
ุงุฐุง "ุงููุฑุงู" ุงููููุงููู ูู ุชุฃุซูุฑ ูุจูุฑ ุนูู ุงูุนุตุงุจุงุช ุฏุงุฎู ุงูู
ุฏููุฉ.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
Secondly, I want to tell you how somebody like me came to be able to see the inner workings of a gang -- an interesting story, I think.
|
ุซุงููุงูุ ุฃุฑูุฏ ุฃู ุฃุดุฑุญ ููู
ููู ุฃู ูููู ุดุฎุต ู
ุซูู ูุงุฏุฑุงู ุนูู ุฑุคูุฉ ู
ุง ุจุฏุงุฎู ูุฐู ุงูุนุตุงุจุงุช. ููู ูุตุฉ ุดููุฉ ุจุฑุฃูู.
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Translate to Arabic
|
And then third, I want to tell you, in a very superficial way, about some of the things we found when we actually got to look at the financial records, the books, of the gang.
|
ูุซุงูุซุงูุ ุฃุฑูุฏ ุฃู ุฃููู ุจุทุฑููุฉ ุณุทุญูุฉ ุญูู ุจุนุถ ุงูุฃู
ูุฑ ุงูุชู ูุฌุฏูุงูุง ุนูุฏู
ุง ูุตููุง ูุนูุง ูููุธุฑ ูู ุงูุฏูุงุชุฑ ุงูู
ุงููุฉ ููุนุตุงุจุฉ
|
Translate to Arabic
|
So before I do that, just one warning, which is that this presentation has been rated 'R' by the Motion Picture Association of America.
|
ูููู ูุจู ุฃู ุฃูุนู ุฐููุ ููุงู ุดูุก ูุงุญุฏ ููุท ููุชุญุฐูุฑุ ููู ุฃู ูุฏ ุชู
ุชุตููู ูุฐุง ุงูุนุฑุถ "ุจุบูุฑ ูุงุฆู" ู
ู ูุจู ุฌู
ุนูุฉ ุงูุณููู
ุง ุงูุฃู
ุฑูููุฉ.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
It contains adult themes, adult language.
|
ูุฃูู ูุญุชูู ุนูู ู
ูุงุถูุน ูููุจุงุฑ ุ ููุบุฉ ูุง ุชุตูุญ ููุฃุทูุงู.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
Given who is up on the stage, you'll be delighted to know that, in fact, there'll be no nudity -- Unexpected wardrobe malfunctions aside.
|
ูุธุฑุงู ูู
ู ูู ูุงูู ุฃู
ุงู
ูู
ุนูู ุงูู
ุณุฑุญุ ูุณูู ุชุณุนุฏูู ูู
ุนุฑูุฉ ุฃูู ููุณ ููุงู ุชุนุฑูุ ุฅูุง ูู ุญุงูุฉ -- ุญุตู ููุงู ุฃุนุทุงู ุบูุฑ ู
ุชููุนุฉ ููู
ูุงุจุณ.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
So let me start by talking about crack cocaine, and how it transformed the gang.
|
ุณุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจุงูุชุญุฏุซ ุนู "ุงููุฑุงู ูููุงููู" ูููู ุญูู ุญูุงุฉ ุงูุนุตุงุจุงุช.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
To do that, you have to actually go back to a time before crack cocaine, in the early '80s, and look at it from the perspective of a gang leader.
|
ูุชูุนู ุฐููุ ุนููู ุฃู ุชุฐูุจ ุฅูู ููุช ู
ุง ูุจู " ุงููุฑุงู ุงููููุงููู"ุ ูู ู
ุทูุน ุงูุซู
ุงููููุงุชุ ูููุธุฑ ูู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ู
ู ูุฌูุฉ ูุธุฑ ุฒุนูู
ุนุตุงุจุฉ.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
Being a gang leader in the inner city wasn't such a bad deal in the mid-'80s -- the early '80s, let me say.
|
ูู
ุง ูุงู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ูุฐูู ุฒุนูู
ุนุตุงุจุฉ ูู ุฏุงุฎู ุงูู
ุฏููุฉ ูู
ููู ู
ุซู ุตููุฉ ุณูุฆุฉ ูู ู
ูุชุตู '80s. ูู ุฃูุงุฆู ุงูุซู
ุงููููุงุชุ ููุฏ ูููู ุงูุจุนุถ.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
Now, you had a lot of power, and you got to beat people up -- you got a lot of prestige, a lot of respect.
|
ูุงู ูุฏูู ุณูุทุฉุ ููู
ููู ุฃู ุชุชุณูุท ุนูู ุงููุงุณ ูุชุถุฑุจูู
ูุงู ูุฏูู ููุจุฉุ ูุงุญุชุฑุงู
.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
But the thing is, there was no money in it.
|
ูููู ูู
ููู ููุงู ุฑุจุญ ูููุง.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
The gang had no way to make money.
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ูู
ุชูู ููุนุตุงุจุฉ ูุณููุฉ ููุณุจ ุงูู
ุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
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You couldn't charge dues to the people in the gang, because the people in the gang didn't have any money.
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ููู
ููู ุจูุณุนูู
ู
ุทุงูุจุฉ ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงูู
ุงูุ ุจู ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉ ูู
ููู ูุฏููู
ู
ุงู ูู
ุทุงูุจุชูู
.
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Translate to Arabic
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You couldn't really make any money selling marijuana -- marijuana's too cheap, it turns out.
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ูุชุฌุงุฑุฉ ุงูููุจ ุฃูุถุงู ูู
ุชูู ู
ุฑุจุญุฉ. ุงุชุถุญ ุฃู ุงูููุจ ุฑุฎูุต ุฌุฏุงู ููู ุชุฑุจุญ ู
ูู.
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Translate to Arabic
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You can't get rich selling marijuana.
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ูุง ูู
ููู ุฃู ุชุตุจุญ ุซุฑูุงู ู
ู ุจูุน ุงูููุจ ููุท.
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Translate to Arabic
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You couldn't sell cocaine; cocaine's a great product -- powdered cocaine -- but you've got to know rich white people.
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ููุง ูู
ููู ุจูุน ุงููููุงููู . ูููุงููู ู
ูุชุฌ ุฑุงุฆุนุ ุงููููุงููู ุงูู
ุจูุฏุฑุ ูููู ุนููู ุฃู ุชุนุฑู ุงููุงุณ ุงูุจูุถ ุงูุฃุซุฑูุงุก.
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Translate to Arabic
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And most of the inner-city gang members didn't know any rich white people, so couldn't sell to that market.
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ูู
ุนุธู
ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ุงูุนุตุงุจุงุช ูุง ูุนุฑููู ุงูุจูุถ ุงูุฃุซุฑูุงุก ูู
ููู ุจูุณุนูู
ุงูุจูุน ูุชูู ุงููุฆุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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You couldn't really do petty crime, either.
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ููุง ูู
ููู ู
ู
ุงุฑุณุฉ ุงูุณุฑูุงุช ุงูุตุบูุฑุฉ ุฃูุถุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
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Turns out, petty crime's a terrible way to make a living.
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ุงุชุถุญ ุฃู ุงูุณุฑูุงุช ุงูุตุบูุฑุฉ ุทุฑููุฉ ุดุงูุฉ ููุณุจ ุงูู
ุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
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As a result, as a gang leader, you had, you know, power -- it's a pretty good life -- but the thing was, in the end, you were living at home with your mother.
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ูุชูุฌุฉู ูุฐููุ ูุฒุนูู
ุนุตุงุจุฉ ูุฏูู ุงูููุฉ. ููู ุญูุงุฉ ุฌู
ููุฉ. ูููู ูู ุงูููุงูุฉุ ูุฃูุช ุชุนูุด ู
ุน ูุงูุฏุชู.
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Translate to Arabic
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And so it wasn't really a career.
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ููู ููุณุช ูุนูุงู ู
ููุฉ. ููู..
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Translate to Arabic
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There were limits to how powerful and important you could be if you had to live at home with your mother.
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ูููู ููุงูู ุญุฏูุฏุงู ูู
ุฏู ุงูููุฉ ูุงูุฃูู
ูุฉ ุงูุชู ูู
ูู ุฃู ุชุตู ุฅูููุง ุฅุฐุง ุนุดุช ู
ุน ูุงูุฏุชู.
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Translate to Arabic
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Then along comes crack cocaine.
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ููุฃุชููุง ุงูู
ูุชุฌ ุงูุฌุฏูุฏ ููู "ุงููุฑุงู ูููุงููู"
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Translate to Arabic
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And in the words of Malcolm Gladwell, crack cocaine was the extra-chunky version of tomato sauce for the inner city.
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ูุนูู ุญุฏ ุชุนุจูุฑ "ู
ุงููููู
ุฌูุงุฏููู"ุ "ุงููุฑุงู ุงููููุงููู" ูู ุงูููุน ุงูุบูู ูุตูุตุฉ ุงูุทู
ุงุทู
ูุฏู ุงูุนุตุงุจุงุช.
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Translate to Arabic
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Because crack cocaine was an unbelievable innovation.
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ูุฃู "ุงููุฑุงู ูููุงููู" ูุงู ุงุฎุชุฑุงุน ุนุธูู
.
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Translate to Arabic
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I don't have time to talk about it today, but if you think about it, I would say that in the last 25 years, of every invention or innovation that's occurred in this country, the biggest one in terms of impact on the well-being of people who live in the inner city, was crack cocaine.
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ูุง ูุณุนูู ุงูุชุญุฏุซ ููู ุงูููู
. ูููู ุฅุฐุง ููุฑุชู
ูููุงุ ู
ู
ูู ุฃู ุฃููู ูู ุขุฎุฑ ูขูฅ ุณูุฉุ ู
ู ุถู
ู ูู ุงูุงุฎุชุฑุงุนุงุช ุงูู
ุฎุชุฑุนุฉ ูู ูุฐุฉ ุงูุฏููุฉุ ุฃุนุธู
ุงุฎุชุฑุงุนุ ู
ู ูุงุญูุฉ ุงูุชุฃุซูุฑ ุนูู ุตุญุฉ ุงููุงุณ ุงูุฐูู ูุนูุดูู ูู ุงูุฃุญูุงุก ุฐูู ุงูุฏุฎู ุงูู
ุญุฏูุฏุ ููู "ุงููุฑุงู ูููุงููู".
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Translate to Arabic
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And for the worse -- not for the better, but for the worse.
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ุงูุชุฃุซูุฑ ููุฃุณูุฃ. ููุณ ููุฃูุถูุ ุจู ููุฃุณูุฃ.
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Translate to Arabic
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It had a huge impact on life.
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ูุงู ููุง ุชุฃุซูุฑ ูุจูุฑ ุนูู ุญูุงุฉ ุงููุงุณ.
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Translate to Arabic
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So what was it about crack cocaine?
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ูููู ู
ุง ูู ุณุฑ "ุงููุฑุงู ูููุงููู"ุ
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Translate to Arabic
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It was a brilliant way of getting the brain high.
|
ููู ูู ุชุฃุซูุฑ ูุจูุฑ ูุฌุนู ุงูู
ุฎ ูุดุนุฑ ุจุงููุดูุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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Because you could smoke crack cocaine -- you can't smoke powdered cocaine -- and smoking is a much more efficient mechanism of delivering a high than snorting it.
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ูุฃูู ุจูุณุนู ุชุฏุฎูู "ุงููุฑุงู ูููุงููู"ุ ููุง ูู
ููู ุชุฏุฎูู ุจูุฏุฑุฉ ุงููููุงููู. ูุงูุชุฏุฎูู ูู ุขููุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ูุงุนููุฉ ูู ุชูุฏูู
ุฃุนูู ู
ุณุชูู ู
ู ุงููุดูุฉ ู
ู ุงูุดู
.
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Translate to Arabic
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And it turned out there was this audience that didn't know it wanted crack cocaine, but when it came, it really did.
|
ูุงุชุถุญ ุฃูู ูุงู ููุงู ุฌู
ููุฑ ูู
ููู ูุนูู
ุฃูู ูุฑูุฏ "ุงููุฑุงู ุงููููุงููู"ุ ูููู ุนูุฏู
ุง ุฃุชู ุฃุตุจุญ ุงูุฌู
ููุฑ ูุฑูุฏู ูุนูุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
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And it was a perfect drug; you could buy the cocaine that went into it for a dollar, sell it for five dollars.
|
ููุงู ุงูู
ุฎุฏุฑ ุงูู
ุซุงูู. ูู
ููู ุจูุน.. ุดุฑุงุก ุงููููุงููู ุงูู
ุณุชุฎุฏู
ููู ุจุฏููุงุฑุ ูุจูุนู ุจุฎู
ุณุฉ ุฏููุงุฑุงุช. ูู ุบุงูุฉ ุงูุงุฏู
ุงู. ููุดูุชู ูุตูุฑุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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Highly addictive -- the high was very short. So for fifteen minutes, you get this great high, and then when you come down, all you want to do is get high again.
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ูู
ุฏุฉ ูกูฅ ุฏูููุฉุ ุชุญุตู ุนูู ูุดูุฉ ุฌู
ููุฉ. ูุนูุฏู
ุง ุชูุชูู ูุฐู ุงููุดูุฉุ ูู ู
ุง ุชุฑูุฏ ูู ุฃู ุชูุชุดู ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู.
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Translate to Arabic
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It created a wonderful market.
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ูุตูุน ุณูู ู
ุซุงูู.
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Translate to Arabic
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And for the people who were there running the gang, it was a great way, seemingly, to make a lot of money.
|
ูููุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงูุฐูู ูุฏูุฑูู ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉุ ูุงูุช ูุณููุฉ ู
ู
ุชุงุฒุฉ ููุญุตูู ุนูู ุงูู
ุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
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At least for the people on the top.
|
ุนูู ุงูุฃูู ููุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงูุฐูู ูู ุงูุฃุนูู.
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Translate to Arabic
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So this is where we enter the picture.
|
ููุญู ููุง ูุฏุฎู ุงูุตูุฑุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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Not really me -- I'm really a bit player in all this.
|
ููุณ ุฃูุง ุจุงูุชุญุฏูุฏุ ูุฏูุฑู ุตุบูุฑ ูู ุงูุฏุฑุงุณุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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My co-author, Sudhir Venkatesh, is the main character.
|
ูููู ุดุฑููู ูู ุงูุชุฃูููุ "ุณูุฏูุฑ ูููุงุชุด" ูู ุจุทู ุงููุตุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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He was a math major in college who had a good heart, and decided he wanted to get a sociology PhD, came to the University of Chicago.
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ุชุฎุตุตู ูุงู ูู ุงูุฑูุงุถูุงุช ูููุจู ุตุงููุ ููุฑุฑ ุฃูู ูุฑูุฏ ุงูุญุตูู ุนูู ุฏูุชูุฑุงู ุนูู
ุงูุงุฌุชู
ุงุน. ุฃุชู ูุฌุงู
ุนุฉ ุดููุงุบู.
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Translate to Arabic
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Now, the three months before he came to Chicago, he had spent following the Grateful Dead.
|
ูู ุงูุฃุดูุฑ ุงูุซูุงุซ ูุจู ุฏุฎููู ููุฌุงู
ุนุฉ ูุฑุฑ ู
ุชุงุจุนุฉ "ุงูู
ูุชูู ุงูู
ู
ุชููู".
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Translate to Arabic
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And in his own words, he "looked like a freak."
|
ุจููู
ุงุชูุ ูุตู ููุณู ุจุฃูู "ุจุฏุง ููุฃูู ุบุฑูุจ."
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Translate to Arabic
|
He's a South Asian -- very dark-skinned South Asian.
|
ููู ู
ู ุฌููุจ ุขุณูุงุ ููุงูุช ูู ุจุดุฑุฉ ุณู
ุฑุงุก
|
Translate to Arabic
|
Big man, and he had hair, in his words, "down to his ass."
|
ุฑุฌู ูุจูุฑ ุงูุญุฌู
ุ ููุฏูู ุดุนุฑุ ุจู
ุนูู ุขุฎุฑ ุฅูู ู
ุคุฎุฑุชู.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
Defied all kinds of boundaries: Was he black or white? Was he man or woman?
|
ุชุญุฏู ุฌู
ูุน ุงูุตุนุงุจ: ูู ูุงู ุฃุจูุถ ุฃู
ุฃุณูุฏุ ุฑุฌู ุฃู
ุงู
ุฑุฃุฉุ
|
Translate to Arabic
|
He was really a curious sight to be seen.
|
ูุงู ู
ูุธุฑู ูุซูุฑ ุงูุฑูุจุฉ.
|
Translate to Arabic
|
So he showed up at the University of Chicago, and the famous sociologist William Julius Wilson was doing a book that involved surveying people all across Chicago.
|
ูุฐูุจ ุฅูู ุฌุงู
ุนุฉ ุดููุงุบู. ูุนุงูู
ุงูุงุฌุชู
ุงุน ุงูุดููุฑุ "ูููุงู
ุฌููููุณ ูููุณูู"ุ ูุงู ููุชุจ ูุชุงุจ ูุชุทูุจ ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุงููุงุณ ูู ุฌู
ูุน ุฃูุญุงุก ุดููุงุบู.
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Translate to Arabic
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He took one look at Sudhir, who was going to go do some surveys for him, and decided he knew exactly the place to send him, which was to one of the toughest, most notorious housing projects not just in Chicago, but in the entire United States.
|
ูุฃุฎุฐ ูุธุฑุฉ ูุงุญุฏุฉ ูู "ุณูุฏูุฑ"ุ ุงูุฐู ูุงู ุณููุฏู
ุจุจุนุถ ุงูุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ุงูุงุณุชูุตุงุฆูุฉ ููุ ููุฑุฑ ุฃูู ูุนุฑู ุจุงูุถุจุท ุงูู
ูุงู ูุฅุฑุณุงูู ุฅูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ู
ู ุฃุนูู ุงูู
ุดุงุฑูุน ุงูุณูููุฉ ูุงูุฃูุซุฑ ุดูุฑุฉ. ูููุณ ููุท ูู ุดููุงุบูุ ูููู ูู ุงูููุงูุงุช ุงูู
ุชุญุฏุฉ ุจุฃูู
ููุง.
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Translate to Arabic
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So Sudhir, the suburban boy who had never really been in the inner city, dutifully took his clipboard and walked down to this housing project, gets to the first building.
|
"ุณูุฏูุฑ" ุงูุฐู ูู
ูุณุจู ูู ุงูุฐูุงุจ ุฅูู ุชูู ุงูู
ูุงุทู ู
ู ุงูู
ุฏููุฉ. ูุจูู ุงุฎูุงุต ุฃุฎุฐ ุฏูุชุฑ ุงูู
ูุงุญุธุงุชุ ูุฐูุจ ุฅูู ุงูู
ุดุฑูุน ุงูุณููู. ูุตู ุฅูู ุฃูู ู
ุจูู.
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Translate to Arabic
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The first building? Well, there's nobody there.
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ุฃูู ู
ุจููุ ููุณ ุจู ุฃุญุฏ.
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Translate to Arabic
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But he hears some voices up in the stairwell, so he climbs up the stairwell, comes around the corner, and finds a group of young African-American men playing dice.
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ููููู ุณู
ุน ุจุนุถ ุงูุฃุตูุงุช ู
ู ููู ุงูุณูุงูู
ุ ูุตุนุฏ ููุชููุฏ ุงูุฃู
ุฑ. ูุฃุชู ุญูู ุฑูู ุงูุณูู
ุ ููุฌุฏ ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูุดุจุงุจ ู
ู ุงูุจุดุฑุฉ ุงูุณูุฏุงุก ููุนุจูู ุงูุฒูุฑ.
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Translate to Arabic
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This is about 1990, peak of the crack epidemic.
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ูุงู ูุฐุง ูู ูกูฉูฉู ุ ููุช ุฐุฑูุฉ ูุจุงุก "ุงููุฑุงู ูููุงููู".
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This is a very dangerous job, being in a gang. You don't like to be surprised.
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ููู ุนู
ู ุตุนุจุ ูููู ูู ุนุตุงุจุฉุ ูุง ุชุฑูุฏ ุฃู ุชูุงุฌุฃ.
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Translate to Arabic
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You don't like to be surprised by people who come around the corner.
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ูุง ุชุฑูุฏ ุฃู ุชูุงุฌุฃ ู
ู ุฃุญุฏ ูุฃุชู ู
ู ุฎูู ุฒูุงูุง ุงูุฃุณูุงุจ.
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And the mantra was: shoot first; ask questions later.
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ูุงููุงููู ุนูุฏ ุงูุนุตุงุจุงุช: ุฃุทูู ุงูุฑุตุงุต ุฃููุงูุ ุงุณุฃู ุซุงููุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
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Now, Sudhir was lucky -- he was such a freak, and that clipboard probably saved his life, because they figured no other rival gang member would be coming up to shoot at them with a clipboard.
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ูููู "ุณูุฏูุฑ" ูุงู ู
ุญุธูุธุงู. ููุงู ุดููู ุบุฑูุจุงู ุฌุฏุงู. ููุงู ุงูุฏูุชุฑ ูุฏ ุฃููุฐ ุญูุงุชูุ ูุฃู ู
ู ู
ูุธูุฑูู
ูู ูุฃุชู ุดุฎุต ู
ู ุนุตุงุจุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ููุทูู ุนูููู
ุจุฏูุชุฑ.
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Translate to Arabic
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So his greeting was not particularly warm, but they did say, well, OK -- let's hear your questions on your survey.
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ูุชุญูุชู ููู
ููุณุช ู
ู ุฃูุถู ุงูุทุฑู ูุชุญูุฉ ุนุตุงุจุงุชุ ูููู ูุงููุงุ ุญุณูุงูุ ูููุณู
ุน ุงุณุฆูุชู.
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Translate to Arabic
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the first question on the survey that he was sent to ask was: "How do you feel about being poor and Black in America?"
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ูุฃูู ุณุคุงู ูุงูุ ู
ู ุบูุฑ ู
ุฒุงุญุ "ู
ุง ูู ุดุนูุฑูู
ุฃู ุชููููุง ุณูุฏ ูููุฑุงุก ูู ุฃู
ุฑููุงุ"
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Translate to Arabic
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Makes you wonder about academics.
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ูุฌุนููู
ุชุดููู ูู ุงูู
ุฌุงู ุงูุฃูุงุฏูู
ู.
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Translate to Arabic
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So the choice of answers were: [A) Very Good B) Good C) Bad D) Very Bad] What Sudhir found out is, in fact, that the real answer was the following: The survey was not, in the end, going to be what got Sudhir off the hook.
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ููุงูุช ุงูุฎูุงุฑุงุช ูู: ุฌูุฏ ุฌุฏุงูุ ุฌูุฏุ ุณูุกุ ุณูุก ุฌุฏุงู. ู
ุง ูุงุญุธ "ุณูุฏูุฑ" ุฃู ุงูุฌูุงุจ ุงูุญูููู ูู ุงูุขุชูุ ุทุจุนุงู ูู
ุชูู ุงูุงุณุชุจูุงู ูู ู
ุง ุงููุฐ "ุณูุฏูุฑ".
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Translate to Arabic
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He was held hostage overnight in the stairwell.
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ุงุญุชุฌุฒ ุฑูููุฉ ููููุฉ ุนูุฏ ุงูุณูุงูู
.
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Translate to Arabic
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There was a lot of gunfire, there were a lot of philosophical discussions he had with the gang members.
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ูุงู ููุงู ุงููุซูุฑ ู
ู ุทูู ุงููุงุฑ. ููุงู ุฃูุถุงู ุงููุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงูู
ูุงูุดุงุช ุงูููุณููุฉ ู
ุน ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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By morning, the gang leader arrived, checked out Sudhir, decided he was no threat, So Sudhir went home, took a shower, took a nap.
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ูุงูุตุจุงุญ ูุตู ุฑุฆูุณ ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉ. ูุธุฑ ุฅูู "ุณูุฏูุฑ" ูุฑุฑ ุฃูู ููุณ ุจุฎุทุฑ ุนูููู
ุ ูุงุทูู ุณุฑุงุญู. ูุฐูุจ "ุณูุฏูุฑ" ุฅูู ู
ูุฒููุ ุฏุฎู ููุณุชุญู
ุซู
ูุงู
.
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Translate to Arabic
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And you and I, probably, faced with the situation, would think, "I guess I'm going to write my dissertation on The Grateful Dead, I've been following them for the last three months."
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ุฃูุง ูุฃูุชู
ุนูุฏู
ุง ููุงุฌู ู
ุซู ูุฐู ุงูุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ููููุ ุญุณูุงู ุงูุขู ุณุฃุจุฏุฃ ุจูุชุงุจุฉ ุฑุณุงูุฉ ุงูุฏูุชูุฑุงู ุนู "ุงูู
ูุชูู ุงูู
ู
ุชููู". ููุช ุฃูุงุญููู
ูู ุงูุซูุงุซุฉ ุงูุฃุดูุฑ ุงูู
ุงุถูุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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Sudhir, on the other hand, got right back, walked down to the housing project, went up to the second floor, and said: "Hey, guys, I had so much fun hanging out with you last night, I wonder if I could do it again tonight."
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ูููู "ุณูุฏูุฑ" ุฑุฌุน ุฅูููู
ุฏุฎู ุงูู
ุดุฑูุน ุงูุณูููุ ุตุนุฏ ุงูุณูู
ุฅูู ุงูุฏูุฑ ุงูุซุงููุ ููุงู: "ูุง ุดุจุงุจ. ููุช ูุฏ ุงุณุชู
ุชุนุช ูู ุงููููุฉ ุงูู
ุงุถูุฉ ุจูู
ุ ูููุช ุฃุชุณุงุกู ูู ู
ู ุงูู
ู
ูู ููุนููุง ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู."
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Translate to Arabic
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And that was the beginning of what turned out to be a beautiful relationship that involved Sudhir living in the housing project on and off for 10 years, hanging out in crack houses, going to jail with the gang members, having the windows shot out of his car, having the police break into his apartment and steal his computer disks -- you name it.
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ููุงูุช ูุฐู ุงูุจุฏุงูุฉ ูู
ุง ุฃุตุจุญุช ุจุนุฏุฆุฐ ุนูุงูุฉ ุฌู
ููุฉ. ู
ู
ุง ุฌุนู "ุณูุฏูุฑ" ูุณูู ู
ุนูู
ุนูู ูุชุฑุงุช ู
ุชูุทุนุฉ ุนูู ู
ุฏู ูกู ุณููุงุช. ุชุณูุนู ูู ุจููุช "ุงููุฑุงู"ุ ุฐูุงุจู ุฅูู ุงูุณุฌู ู
ุน ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉุ ู
ู
ุง ุฌุนู ุฒุฌุงุฌ ุณูุงุฑุชู ูุชูุณุฑ ู
ู ูุชุฑุฉ ูุฃุฎุฑูุ ุฏุฎูู ุงูุดุฑุทุฉ ุฅูู ุจูุชู ูุณุฑูุฉ ุฃุฌูุฒุฉ ุงููู
ุจููุชุฑ ุงูุฎุงุตุฉ ุจู. ูู ุดูุก.
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Translate to Arabic
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But ultimately, the story has a happy ending for Sudhir, who became one of the most respected sociologists in the country.
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ูููู ูู ููุงูุฉ ุงููุตุฉ ูุงูุช ุณุนูุฏุฉ ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ู"ุณูุฏูุฑ"ุ ู
ู
ุง ุฌุนูู ู
ู ุฃูู
ุนูู
ุงุก ุงูุงุฌุชู
ุงุน ูู ุงูุฏููุฉ ูุฃูุซุฑูู
ุงุญุชุฑุงู
ุงู.
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Translate to Arabic
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And especially for me, as I sat in my office with my Excel spreadsheet open, waiting for Sudhir to come and deliver to me the latest load of data that he would get from the gang.
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ูุจุงูุฐุงุช ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ููุ ูุฃูุง ูู ู
ูุชุจู ูุจุฑูุงู
ุฌ "ุงูุงูุณู" ู
ูุชูุญ ุฃู
ุงู
ูุ ุจุงูุชุธุงุฑ "ุณูุฏูุฑ" ููุฃุชู ุจุขุฎุฑ ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุชุ ุงูุขุชูุฉ ู
ู ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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It was one of the most unequal co-authoring relationships ever -- But I was glad to be the beneficiary of it.
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ูุงูุช ู
ู ุฃูู ุงูุนูุงูุงุช ู
ุณุงูุงุฉ ููุชุงุจุฉ ูุฐุง ุงููุชุงุจ ุนูู ุงูุงุทูุงู. ููููู ุณุนูุฏ ููููู ุงูู
ุณุชููุฏ ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูุนูุงูุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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So what did we find? What did we find in the gang? Well, let me say one thing: We really got access to everybody in the gang.
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ูุจุงูุชุงูู ู
ุงุฐุง ูุฌุฏูุงุ ู
ุงุฐุง ูุฌุฏูุง ูู ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉุ ุญุณูุงูุ ุฏุนููู ุฃููู ุดูุก ูุงุญุฏ. ููุฏ ูุตููุง ููู ูุฑุฏ ู
ู ุฃูุฑุงุฏ ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉ.
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Translate to Arabic
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We got an inside look at the gang, from the very bottom up to the very top.
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ูุงุณุชุทุนูุง ู
ุฑุงูุจุฉ ุงูุนุตุงุจุฉ ุนู ูุซุจุ ู
ู ุตุบูุฑูุง ููุจูุฑูุง.
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